WO2016129097A1 - ハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
ハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016129097A1 WO2016129097A1 PCT/JP2015/053941 JP2015053941W WO2016129097A1 WO 2016129097 A1 WO2016129097 A1 WO 2016129097A1 JP 2015053941 W JP2015053941 W JP 2015053941W WO 2016129097 A1 WO2016129097 A1 WO 2016129097A1
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- power semiconductor
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high-density half-bridge power semiconductor module capable of remarkably reducing parasitic inductance generated in a main current path without increasing thermal resistance, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- a half-bridge power semiconductor module (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as a power module) in which a half-bridge circuit in which two power semiconductor devices are connected in series and a midpoint of connection is used as an output terminal is housed in one package.
- a power module in which a half-bridge circuit in which two power semiconductor devices are connected in series and a midpoint of connection is used as an output terminal is housed in one package.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 the power module parasitics in an “adjacent antiparallel flow” arrangement in which the direction of the main current flowing through the front-side conductor of the insulating plate and the direction of the main current flowing through the back-side conductor of the insulating plate are reversed. Inductance is reduced.
- the power modules of Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a structure in which another insulating substrate is further provided on the back side of the back side conductor in order to dissipate the heat generated inside from the back side of the insulating plate.
- the thermal resistance increased. This problem becomes more serious when the cooling method is water cooling.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a structure of a high-density half-bridge power semiconductor module capable of reducing parasitic inductance generated in a main current path without increasing thermal resistance, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the purpose is that.
- a half-bridge power semiconductor module includes a positive wiring conductor, a bridge wiring conductor, and a negative wiring conductor, which are disposed on or above one insulating plate and electrically insulated from each other. It has an insulated wiring board provided.
- the back electrodes of the high-side power semiconductor device and the low-side power semiconductor device are joined to the positive wiring conductor and the bridge wiring conductor, respectively.
- An upright bridge terminal is joined on the bridge wiring conductor.
- the upright high-side terminal is located between the high-side semiconductor device and the upright bridge terminal and joined on the positive electrode wiring conductor.
- the upright low-side terminal is located between the low-side semiconductor device and the upright bridge terminal and joined to the negative wiring conductor.
- At least the standing bridge terminal and the standing high side terminal, and the standing bridge terminal and the standing low side terminal are arranged close to each other in parallel.
- the surface electrodes of the high-side power semiconductor device and the low-side power semiconductor device are connected to the standing bridge terminal and the standing low-side terminal via the high-side connection means and the low-side connection means.
- FIG. 1A (a) is a plan view showing the structure of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 1 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 1A (b) is taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 1A (a).
- FIG. 1A (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ of FIG. 1A (a).
- FIG. 1B (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C ′ in FIG. 1A (a), and
- FIG. 1B (b) is a circuit representation of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 1.
- 2 (a) to 2 (c) are plan views illustrating first to third steps relating to the method of manufacturing the half-bridge power semiconductor module 1 of FIG.
- FIGS. 3A (a) and 3 (b) show the main current ILH that flows when the high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT of FIG. 1 is turned on, and FIGS. 3A (c) and 3 (d) show the low side of FIG.
- the main current (circulating current) ILL that flows through the built-in diode of the power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT is shown.
- 3B (a) and 3 (b) show the main current ILL that flows when the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT of FIG. 1 is turned on, and FIGS. 3B (c) and 3 (d) show the high side of FIG.
- FIG. 4A (a) is a plan view showing the structure of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 2 according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 4A (b) is taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 4A (a).
- FIG. 4A (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ of FIG. 4A (a).
- FIG. 4B (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C ′ of FIG. 4A (a), and
- FIG. 4B (b) is a circuit representation diagram of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 2.
- FIG. 4A (a) is a plan view showing the structure of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 2 according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 4A (b) is taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 4A (a).
- FIG. 4A (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ of FIG. 4A (a).
- FIG. 4B (a) is a cross-sectional view
- FIG. 5A is a plan view showing the structure of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3 according to the third embodiment
- FIG. 5B is a plan view showing the structure of the insulated wiring board 15 in FIG.
- FIG. 5C is a circuit representation diagram of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3.
- 6A shows the main current ILH that flows when the high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT of FIG. 5 is turned on
- FIG. 6B shows the low-side power semiconductor device (diode) 13LT of FIG.
- FIG. 6C shows the main current ILL that flows when the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT of FIG. 5 is turned on
- FIG. 7A is a plan view showing a structure of a half-bridge power semiconductor module 3-1 according to a modification of the third embodiment
- FIG. 7B is an insulated wiring board 15 of FIG. 7A. It is a top view which shows the structure.
- FIG. 8A (a) is a plan view showing the structure of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 4 according to the fourth embodiment
- FIG. 8A (b) is a plan view showing the structure of the insulated wiring board 15 of FIG. 8A (a).
- FIG. 8B (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 8A (a), and FIG.
- FIG. 9A shows the main current ILH that flows when the high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT of FIG. 8A is turned on
- FIG. 9B shows the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT of FIG. 8A
- FIG. 9C shows the main current ILH that flows when the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT of FIG. 8A is turned on
- FIG. 9A shows the main current ILH that flows when the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT of FIG. 8A is turned on
- FIG. 9C shows the main current ILH that flows when the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT of FIG. 8A is turned on
- FIG. 9D shows the main current (circulating current) ILL that flows through the built-in diode.
- FIG. 8B shows a main current (circulating current) ILH flowing through the built-in diode of the high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT of FIG. 8A.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the structure of a half-bridge power module 1000 according to the comparative example.
- FIG. 1A (a) is a plan view
- FIG. 1A (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ in FIG. 1A (a)
- FIG. 1A (c) is a cross-sectional view along line BB in FIG. 1A (a)
- FIG. 1B (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC ′ of FIG. 1A (a).
- FIG. 1B (b) is a circuit representation diagram of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 1.
- 2A to 2C are plan views showing main manufacturing steps of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 1.
- the half-bridge power semiconductor module 1 includes an insulating wiring substrate 15 having a laminated structure, a high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT and a low-side power semiconductor device that are disposed on the surface of the insulating wiring substrate 15 so as to be electrically insulated from each other.
- switch 13LT, bridge terminal 14B, high side terminal 14H, low side terminal 14L, high side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT and high side connection means 18BT for connecting bridge terminal 14B, bridge terminal 14B, Low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT and low-side connection means 18LT for connecting.
- connection means 18BT and the low-side connection means 18LT is a bonding wire as shown in FIG. 1, but other connection means such as a bonding ribbon or a lead frame can be used.
- connection means 18BT and 18LT have as large a cross-sectional area as possible, as long as processing constraints, mechanical strength, and long-term fatigue resistance are not impaired. Optimized to have a large surface area, low ground height, and a large number (in the case of bonding wires).
- the insulated wiring board 15 includes a single insulating plate 16 and a plurality of wiring conductors (12H, 12B, 12L, 12HG, 12HS, 12LG, 12LS) disposed on the surface of the insulating plate 16 so as to be electrically insulated from each other.
- the plurality of wiring conductors include a positive wiring conductor 12H, a bridge wiring conductor 12B, a negative wiring conductor 12L, a gate signal wiring conductor (12HG, 12LG), and a source signal wiring conductor (12HS, 12LS). Each of these wiring conductors is bonded directly onto the surface of the insulating plate 16 by a copper bonding method or an active metal bonding method.
- FIG. 2A is a plan view of the insulating wiring board 15. As shown in FIGS. 1A (a) and 2 (a), the negative electrode wiring conductor 12L is surrounded by the bridge wiring conductor 12B through a gap as viewed from the normal direction of the main surface of the insulating plate 16. A low side terminal 14L is joined to the negative electrode wiring conductor 12L. At the boundary (see FIG. 2A) between the positive electrode wiring conductor 12H and the bridge wiring conductor 12B, convex portions that protrude from each other are provided in the respective regions. The high side terminal 14H is joined to the convex portion of the positive electrode wiring conductor 12H, and the bridge terminal 14B is joined to the convex portion of the bridge wiring conductor 12B.
- the depth (x) of the convex portion of the positive electrode wiring conductor 12H, the horizontal distance (y) between the tip of the convex portion and the negative electrode wiring conductor 12L, and the length of the negative electrode wiring conductor 12L ( z) is an important design parameter of the insulated wiring board 15.
- x, y, and z are designed based on given requirements so that the sum (x + y + z) is minimized.
- the insulated wiring board 15 includes a thermal strain relaxation conductor 22 attached to the back surface of the insulating plate 16 from the viewpoint of preventing the board from warping due to thermal stress that occurs during the manufacturing process of the power module.
- the insulating plate 16 is made of, for example, a ceramic plate such as silicon nitride (SiN), aluminum nitride (AlN), alumina, or an insulation pressure resistant resin sheet attached to a base plate.
- a ceramic plate such as silicon nitride (SiN), aluminum nitride (AlN), alumina, or an insulation pressure resistant resin sheet attached to a base plate.
- the thickness of the insulating plate 16 is in the range of 0.2 to 1.5 mm.
- a SiN plate it is possible to implement a thickness of about 0.31 mm while considering the mechanical strength.
- Each wiring conductor (12H, 12B, 12L, 12HG, 12HS, 12LG, 12LS) on the above surface has a flat plate shape, and is made of, for example, a metal plate piece such as Cu or Al and has oxidation resistance. Therefore, it is desirable that the surface is Ni-plated. It is desirable that the surface of the bridge terminal 14B, the high side terminal 14H, and the low side terminal 14L be Ni-plated.
- each of the high-side power semiconductor device 13HT and the low-side power semiconductor device 13LT includes a unipolar power switching element including a reverse conducting diode, such as a MOSFET or a junction FET. Etc.
- a control signal for switching between a state in which the front surface electrode and the back surface electrode are in conduction (on state) and a state in which the surface electrode is shut off (off state).
- a gate electrode ).
- a surface electrode (source electrode) is formed on the surface of the high-side power semiconductor device 13HT, and a back electrode (drain electrode) is formed on the back surface.
- the back electrode is ohmic-connected (hereinafter simply referred to as “connection”) to the positive electrode wiring conductor 12H with solder or the like.
- connection the surface electrode of the high side power semiconductor device 13HT is connected to the bridge terminal 14B via the high side connection means 18BT (for example, a plurality of bonding wires in FIG. 1A).
- a surface electrode (source electrode) and a back electrode (drain or collector electrode) are also formed in the low-side power semiconductor device 13LT.
- the back electrode is connected to the bridge wiring conductor 12B with solder or the like.
- the surface electrode of the low-side power semiconductor device 13LT is connected to the low-side terminal 14L via low-side connection means 18BT (for example, a plurality of bonding wires in FIG. 1A).
- each semiconductor device 13HT, 13LT
- the gate electrode disposed on the surface of each semiconductor device 13HT, 13LT
- the gate signal wiring conductors 12HG, 12LG or the gate signal
- the gate signal connection means 18HG, 18LG bonding wire as an example in FIG. 1A. Terminals 14HG and 14LG) are connected.
- the source electrode on the surface of each semiconductor device (13HT, 13LT) is connected to source signal wiring conductors 12HS, 12LS (or source signal terminal 14HS) via source signal connection means 18HS, 18LS (bonding wires as an example in FIG. 1). , 14LS).
- a bonding ribbon or a lead frame can be used as the gate signal connection unit and the source signal connection unit.
- Each of the bridge terminal 14B, the high side terminal 14H, the low side terminal 14L, the gate signal terminals 14HG and 14LG, and the source signal terminals 14HS and 14LS is an upright terminal that rises vertically from the surface of the insulating wiring board 15.
- the cross-section of the main part of each terminal is L-shaped.
- the bridge terminal 14B is connected to the bridge wiring conductor 12B and stands up from the bridge wiring conductor 12B.
- the high side terminal 14H and the low side terminal 14L are connected to the positive electrode wiring conductor 12H and the negative electrode wiring conductor 12L, respectively, and stand up from the positive electrode wiring conductor 12H and the negative electrode wiring conductor 12L.
- the bridge terminal 14B corresponds to an “erected bridge terminal”
- the high side terminal 14H corresponds to an “erected high side terminal”
- the low side terminal 14L corresponds to an “erected low side terminal”
- the gate signal terminals 14HG and 14LG corresponds to a “standing type gate signal terminal”
- the source signal terminals 14HS and 14LS correspond to a “standing type source signal terminal”.
- the high side terminal 14H is disposed between the high side power semiconductor device 13HT and the bridge terminal 14B, and is disposed close to and parallel to the bridge terminal 14B.
- the low side terminal 14L is disposed between the low side power semiconductor device 13LT and the bridge terminal 14B, and is disposed close to and parallel to the bridge terminal 14B. It is desirable to sandwich an insulating member (not shown) between the high side terminal 14H and the bridge terminal 14B and between the bridge terminal 14B and the low side terminal 14L from the viewpoint of preventing discharge and preventing contact.
- the gate signal terminal 14HG and the source signal terminal 14HS are connected to the gate signal wiring conductor 12HG and the source signal wiring conductor 12HS on the surface of the insulating wiring board 15, and are flat plates standing from the wiring conductor. This is an upright terminal.
- the gate signal terminal 14LG and the source signal terminal 14LS are plate-like standing terminals that are connected to the gate signal wiring conductor 12LG and the source signal wiring conductor 12LS and are erected from the wiring conductor.
- the gate signal terminals (14HG, 14LG) are arranged close to and parallel to the pair of source signal terminals (14LG, 14LS), respectively. This arrangement has a desirable effect of reducing the parasitic inductance of the gate signal line.
- the high-side power semiconductor device 13HT and the low-side power semiconductor device 13LT are controlled to be turned on exclusively.
- the high-side power semiconductor device 13HT and the low-side power semiconductor device 13LT can be simultaneously turned on (grounded).
- the positive electrode conductor 12H, the bridge conductor 12B, the negative conductor 12L, the gate signal conductors (12HG, 12LG) and the source signal conductors (12HS, 12LS) are formed on the surface.
- Such an insulated wiring board 15 and each upright terminal can be obtained by placing an order with a ceramic substrate manufacturer or a sheet metal working manufacturer with a drawing.
- each of the upright terminals (14H, 14H,. 14B, 14L, 14HG, 14HS, 14LS, and 14LS) are joined to predetermined positions of the surface wiring conductors 12H, 12B, 12L, 14HG, 14HS, 14LG, and 14LS of the insulating wiring board 15.
- a positioning jig made of carbon or the like in order to accurately position each upright terminal.
- the joining method is not limited to silver brazing. Soldering, bonding using a conductive adhesive, bonding using submicron conductor particles such as Ag and Cu, laser welding, solid phase (or liquid phase) diffusion bonding, and the like can also be used.
- each power semiconductor device (13HT, 13LT) chip that has been sufficiently cleaned using a reduced pressure reflow device is replaced with a predetermined one of the positive electrode wiring conductor 12H and the bridge wiring conductor 12B. Solder to the position of. At this time, it is desirable to use a positioning jig made of carbon or the like in order to accurately position each power semiconductor device (13HT, 13LT) chip.
- the bonding method is not limited to soldering, but bonding using a conductive adhesive, bonding using submicron conductor particles such as Ag and Cu, and solid phase (or liquid phase) diffusion bonding may also be used. it can.
- the bonding process temperature is desirably a material that is 30 ° C. lower than the heat resistance temperature of the power semiconductor device (13HT, 13LT) and the heat resistance temperature of the bonding material used in the second step.
- the surface electrode (source electrode, gate electrode) and the wiring conductors (12B, 12L, 12HG, 12HS, 12LG, 12LS) of each power semiconductor device (13HT, 13LT) using a wire bond apparatus are connected by bonding wires (18BT, 18HG, 18HS, 18LT, 18LG, 18LS) as an example of surface bonding means. Not only the bonding wire but also other surface connecting means such as a bonding ribbon and a lead frame may be used. Thus, the half bridge power semiconductor module 1 shown in FIG. 1A is completed.
- each power semiconductor device (13HT, 13LT) chip can be bonded simultaneously using the same bonding material.
- the upper limit of the bonding process temperature is the heat-resistant temperature of the power semiconductor device (13HT, 13LT).
- each of the upright terminals is provided between the second step (FIG. 2B) and the third step (FIG. 2C).
- An electroless Ni plating process is performed on the bonded insulating wiring board 15, and the surface of each wiring conductor (12 B, 12 L, 12 HG, 12 HS, 12 LG, 12 LS) and each upright terminal (14 H, 14 B, 14 L, 14 HG, 14HS, 14LS, and 14LS) can be added with a step of coating Ni plating.
- the first benefit of the high-speed switching drive is to increase the conversion efficiency by reducing the switching loss of the power semiconductor device, but the second is that the switching frequency (or carrier frequency) can be increased without reducing the conversion efficiency.
- the benefits of are more important in practice. This is because if the switching frequency is increased, the volume of large passive components such as coupling capacitors and reactors is reduced, which leads to reduction in the size and price of the power converter.
- a power module in which one or a plurality of half bridge (power) circuits are housed in one package is widely used.
- This half-bridge (power) circuit will be described simply. In this circuit, two power semiconductor device chips are connected in series in the forward direction, and the connection midpoint is used as an output terminal.
- a large surge voltage (or jumping voltage) is generated at the moment of turning off the power semiconductor device that has been turned on, and switching loss increases.
- the power semiconductor device is destroyed by this surge voltage.
- In order to escape from this threat if a power semiconductor device having a higher breakdown voltage specification is adopted, conduction loss increases and manufacturing cost also increases.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of a comparative example in which this electromagnetic method is applied to reduce the parasitic inductance inside the half-bridge power module 1000.
- the half-bridge power module 1000 uses an insulating wiring board 115 having a two-layer insulating plate and a three-layer conductor plate structure. That is, the insulated wiring board 115 includes a first insulating plate 116 and a second insulating plate 121, and surface wiring conductors (112 H, 112 B, 112 L 1, 112 L 2) are provided on the surface of the first insulating plate 116, and the first insulating plate 116 is provided.
- the intermediate wiring conductor 117 ⁇ / b> L is provided between the second insulating plate 121 and the thermal strain relaxation conductor 122 is provided on the back surface of the second insulating plate 121.
- Connection conductors 120L1, 120L2 are embedded in openings that penetrate the first insulating plate.
- the connecting conductor 120L1 connects the surface wiring conductor 112L1 and the intermediate wiring conductor 117L
- the connecting conductor 120L2 connects the surface wiring conductor 112L2 and the intermediate wiring conductor 117L.
- the high side terminal 114H is provided on the surface wiring conductor 112H
- the low side terminal 114L is provided on the surface wiring conductor 112L1
- the bridge terminal 114B is provided on the surface wiring conductor 112B.
- the back electrode (drain electrode) of the high-side power semiconductor device (switching element) 113HT is bonded to the surface wiring conductor 112H, and the back electrode (drain electrode) of the low-side power semiconductor device (switching element) 113LT is bonded to the surface wiring conductor 112B. ing.
- the surface electrode of the high side power semiconductor device 113HT is connected to the surface wiring conductor 112B through the bonding wire 118B.
- the surface electrode of the low-side power semiconductor device 113LT is connected to the surface wiring conductor 112L2 via the bonding wire 118L.
- the intermediate wiring conductor 117 ⁇ / b> L and the second insulating plate 121 are inserted between the first insulating plate 116 and the thermal stress relaxation conductor 122. Therefore, the thermal resistance of the insulating wiring board 115 increases as compared with a simple insulating board in which a conductor plate is attached to both surfaces of a single-layer insulating board widely used today. For this reason, there existed a problem that the heat dissipation of a power semiconductor device (113HT, 113LT) worsened, and junction temperature became high. The degree of influence on the thermal resistance of the second insulating plate 121 is greater than that of the intermediate wiring conductor 117L. This is because the thermal conductivity of the second insulating plate 121 is extremely low.
- the main currents flowing through each of the positive electrode wiring conductor 12H and the high-side connection means (a plurality of bonding wires in FIG. 1A) 18BT are equal in magnitude, opposite in direction, and dispersed and closely parallel. Further, the main currents flowing through each of the bridge wiring conductor 12B and the plurality of bonding wires 18LT are equal in magnitude, and their directions are opposite and distributed in parallel and close to each other.
- the bridge terminal 14B and the high side terminal 14H, and the bridge terminal 14B and the low side terminal 14L are arranged close to each other in parallel.
- the main currents that flow through each of the high-side terminal 14H and the bridge terminal 14B are equal in magnitude, flow in the opposite direction and are distributed in close proximity to each other.
- the main currents flowing through each of the low-side terminal 17L and the bridge terminal 14B have the same magnitude, and the directions of the main currents are reversed and dispersed, and flow in close proximity to each other.
- the direction of the main current flowing through the positive electrode wiring conductor 12H and the direction of the main current flowing through the high side terminal 14H are substantially perpendicular.
- the direction of the main current flowing in the negative electrode conductor 21L and the direction of the main current flowing in the low-side terminal 17L are substantially perpendicular.
- the half-bridge power semiconductor module 1 in FIG. 1A can realize a parasitic inductance that is equal to or lower than that of the half-bridge power module 1000 in FIG.
- the half-bridge power semiconductor module 1 of FIG. 1A includes a single-layer insulating plate 16, thereby realizing a single-layer insulation while realizing a parasitic inductance that is equal to or lower than that of the half-bridge power module 1000 of FIG. 10.
- a thermal resistance equivalent to that of a conventional half-bridge power semiconductor module using an insulated wiring board having a plate can be achieved.
- the reason why the half bridge power semiconductor module 1 of the first embodiment can achieve the same thermal resistance as the conventional half bridge power semiconductor module will be described in detail.
- most of the Joule heat generated in the power semiconductor device propagates vertically toward a radiator coupled to the lower part of the insulating wiring substrate.
- the sum of the thermal resistances of the members constituting this propagation path is the thermal resistance of the insulated wiring board.
- the thermal resistance Rth_sub of the insulated wiring board shown in Equation (1) is the same as that of a conventional half-bridge power semiconductor module using an insulated wiring board having a single-layer insulating plate.
- the thermal resistance Rth_sub of the comparative example (FIG. 10) can be expressed by Expression (2).
- Rth_Cm and Rth_I2 are thermal resistances of the intermediate wiring conductor 117L and the second insulating plate 121, respectively.
- Rth-sub Rth_C1 + Rth_I1 + (Rth_Cm + Rth_I2) + Rth_C2 (2)
- the thermal resistance of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 1 of the first embodiment is the same as that of the intermediate wiring conductor 117L and the second resistance compared to the comparative example (FIG. 10). It can be said that the thermal resistance (Rth_Cm + Rth_I2) of the insulating plate 121 is reduced. Therefore, it is understood mathematically that it has excellent thermal performance.
- the first reason is as follows. As shown in FIGS. 3A (a) and 3 (b), for example, when the high-side power semiconductor device 13HT is turned on, the main current ILH indicated by an arrow and a dotted line flows through the half-bridge power semiconductor module 1.
- the main current ILH enters the module from the high side terminal 14H, flows through the positive wiring conductor 12H, turns back at the high side power semiconductor device 13HT, and passes from the bridge terminal 14B via the high side connection means (plural bonding wires) 18BT. Go out of the module.
- the main current ILH having the same magnitude and the opposite direction spreads at almost all points including the main current terminals 14H and 14B, and the proximity position.
- the configuration of the “close proximity antiparallel flow” of the main current (ILL) is achieved in almost the entire area of the main current flow path.
- the parasitic inductance Ls generated in the flow path of the main current that flows when the high-side power semiconductor device 13HT is turned on can be ideally reduced electromagnetically.
- the main current ILL shown in FIGS. 3A (c) and 3 (d) indicates the main current (circulating current) that flows when the diode built in the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT is in reverse conduction, and FIG. ) And (b) indicate the main current that flows when the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT is turned on, and the main current ILH illustrated in FIGS. 3B (c) and 3 (d) indicates the high-side power semiconductor device.
- the main current (circulating current) that flows when the diode built in 13HT is reverse conducting is shown.
- the main currents (ILH, ILL) are thus expanded to achieve “close proximity anti-parallel flow” and parasitic inductance generated in the main current flow path. It can be said that Ls is ideally reduced electromagnetically.
- the close antiparallel flow is realized in units of the high side region and the low side region. It can be said that close antiparallel flow is achieved even in the transient operation state (the moment of turn-on and turn-off) that shifts to the steady operation state.
- close antiparallel flow shown in FIGS. 3B (a) to 3 (d) occurs simultaneously. More precisely, a transition occurs in which the close antiparallel flow in FIGS. 3B (a) and (b) decreases while the tangential antiparallel flow in FIGS. 3B (c) and (d) increases.
- the main current (ILL) indicates the flow of the main current (load current) when the low-side power semiconductor device 113LT is turned on.
- the main current (ILL) is input to the power module from the bridge terminal 114B, and the surface wiring conductor 112B, the low-side power semiconductor device 113LT, the bonding wire 118L, the surface wiring conductor 112L2, the connection conductor 120L2, the intermediate wiring conductor 117L, the connection conductor 120L1, And output from the low-side terminal 114L via the surface wiring conductor 112L1.
- the main current (ILL) flowing on the front surface side of the insulating substrate 115 and the main current (ILL) flowing on the back surface side are opposite to each other.
- the main current has the effect of “close proximity anti-parallel flow”, a low parasitic inductance Ls can be realized.
- the main current (ILL) flows only in the intermediate wiring conductor 117L. Therefore, since there is no effect of the “close proximity antiparallel flow” of the main current, a large parasitic inductance Ls is generated in the second section G2.
- the main current (ILH) is input to the power module from the high side terminal 114H, and is output from the bridge terminal 114B via the surface wiring conductor 112H, the high side power semiconductor device 113HT, the bonding wire 118B, and the surface wiring conductor 112B.
- the main current (ILH) does not flow through the intermediate wiring conductor 117L at all, and there is no “proximity antiparallel flow” effect. That is, when the herside semiconductor device 113H is turned on, the current path (114H, 112H, 113HT, 118B, 112B, 114B) of the main current (ILH) has a high parasitic inductance Ls.
- the second section G2 has a large parasitic inductance.
- the parasitic inductance Ls can be effectively reduced as compared with the comparative example under any load condition.
- the second reason why a low parasitic inductance can be realized is that the flow path of the main current is shorter than that of the comparative example.
- the comparative example (FIG. 10)
- the flow path of the main current becomes long. Since the short current flow path has an effect of reducing the parasitic inductance, the first embodiment can make the parasitic inductance smaller than that of the comparative example.
- the effect that the dimension of a module can be made small is also acquired by making the flow path of the main current shorter than the comparative example.
- the third reason why a low parasitic inductance can be realized is that the distance between two main currents flowing in antiparallel (the forward current and the backward current) is narrower than that of the comparative example.
- the two main currents of the comparative example (FIG. 10) sandwich the insulating plate 116.
- the two main currents of the first embodiment (FIG. 1A (b)) do not sandwich the insulating plate 16.
- two main currents forward current and return current
- this proximity effect can make the parasitic inductance smaller than that of the comparative example.
- the second embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to a half-bridge power semiconductor module 2 widely used in a DC-DC converter called a step-down chopper or a step-up chopper, one of which is a diode and the other is a transistor. .
- FIG. 4A (a) is a plan view of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 2
- FIG. 4A (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 4A (a).
- FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ in FIG. 4A (a).
- 4B (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C ′ of FIG. 4A (a)
- FIG. 4B (b) is a circuit representation of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 2.
- the half-bridge power semiconductor module 2 includes a high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HD on the high side and a high-speed reflux power diode 13LD on the low side.
- the high-speed reflux power diode 13LD is a Schottky diode or a high-speed pn diode.
- the back electrode (cathode electrode) of the high-speed reflux power diode 13LD is die-bonded to the surface of the bridge wiring conductor 12B with solder or the like.
- the surface electrode (anode electrode) of the high-speed reflux power diode 13LD is connected to the low-side terminal 14L by low-side connection means (a plurality of bonding wires in FIG. 4A (a)) 18LD.
- connection means such as a bonding ribbon or a lead frame may be used for the low side connection means 18LD.
- the high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT may be a unipolar switch or a bipolar switch that does not include a reverse conducting diode.
- the half-bridge power semiconductor module 2 includes an insulating wiring board 15 having the same single-layer insulating plate 16 as the half-bridge power semiconductor module 1. Since the high-speed reflux power diode 13LD does not have a gate electrode, the insulated wiring board 15 does not have a low-side gate signal wiring conductor (12LG) and a source signal wiring conductor (12LS). Except for this point, the insulated wiring board 15 has the same configuration as the wiring board 15 of FIG. 1A (a). The half-bridge power semiconductor module 2 also does not have low-side bonding wires (18LG, 18LS) and gate / source signal terminals (14LG, 14LS).
- the positive electrode of the DC power source is connected to the high side terminal 14H
- the negative electrode of the DC power source is connected to the low side terminal 14L
- the energy storage is connected in series between the bridge terminal 14B and the low side terminal 14L.
- Coil and smoothing capacitor are connected. The stepped-down DC voltage is output from both ends of the smoothing capacitor.
- the half-bridge power semiconductor module 2 of FIGS. 4A and 4B can be manufactured by the same method as the manufacturing method of the first embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c).
- the insulating wiring board 15 in FIGS. 2A to 2C is replaced with the insulating wiring board 15 having the configuration shown in FIG. 4A, and the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT is replaced with the high-speed reflux power diode 13LD.
- the wire 18LT is replaced with the bonding wire 18LD, and the wiring conductors (12LG, 12LS), the bonding wires (18LG, 18LS), and the signal terminals (14LG, 14LS) are deleted.
- the main current (load current) ILH that flows when the high-side power semiconductor device 13H is turned on is the same as that shown in FIGS. 3A (a) and (b), and has the same effect as that described in the first embodiment. can get.
- a commutation main current (return current) ILL as shown by a broken line in FIG. 4A flows in the low-side region including the high-speed reflux power diode (low-side power semiconductor device) 13LD. .
- the flow of this commutation main current (return current) ILL is close antiparallel flow as in FIGS. 3A (c) and 3 (d), and it can be seen that the parasitic inductance is also reduced in the low side region.
- the main currents (ILH, ILL) shown by the broken lines in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 4A are the high-side region and the low-side region.
- the effect of reducing the parasitic inductance is undeniably exhibited.
- an effect is obtained that the surge voltage of the high-side power semiconductor device 13H at the moment of turn-off becomes small. Further, it is possible to reduce the current and voltage ringing that occurs in the main circuit at the moment of turn-on or turn-off.
- the power semiconductor device (switch) has a high-speed reflux power diode FWD (Schottky diode or high-speed pn diode). May need to be installed in antiparallel.
- FWD Schottky diode or high-speed pn diode
- FWD Schottky diode or high-speed pn diode
- At least one of a high-side power semiconductor device and a low-side power semiconductor device includes a power switching element (13HT, 13LT) and a power diode for reflux (13HD, 13LD) connected in antiparallel to the power switching element. ). If the power switching element (13HT, 13LT) incorporates a reverse conducting diode, the rated operating voltage of the power diode (13HD, 13LD) is the operation of the built-in reverse conducting diode in order to achieve the intended purpose. It is assumed that the power diode is selected to be sufficiently lower than the voltage.
- FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3 according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 5A is a plan view of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3
- FIG. 5B is a plan view of the insulating wiring board 15 used in FIG. 5A.
- c) is a circuit representation of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3.
- the cross-sectional structure taken along line A1-A1 ′ and line A2-A2 ′ drawn in FIG. 5A is substantially the same as the AA ′ cross-sectional view in FIG. 4A (b), and FIG.
- the cross-sectional structure taken along line B1-B1 ′ and line B2-B2 ′ in FIG. 4 is substantially the same as the cross-sectional view of FIG.
- the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3 is formed by bridge-connecting a high-side region and a low-side region that are built on an insulating wiring substrate 15 having a single insulating layer (single layer). Has a basic configuration.
- a high side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT and a high side power semiconductor device (diode) 13HD which are connected in reverse parallel are arranged.
- the back electrodes (drain electrode, cathode electrode) of the high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT and the high-side power semiconductor device (diode) 13HD are electrically and mechanically soldered or the like at predetermined positions of the positive electrode wiring conductor 12H. It is joined.
- the main surface electrodes (drain electrode, cathode electrode) of the high side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT and the high side power semiconductor device (diode) 13HD are bridge terminals 14B via high side connection means 18BT, 18BD such as bonding wires. Wired to the instep.
- the positive electrode wiring conductor 12H is divided by the slit 26H into a switch region 12H (T) where the high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT is placed and a diode region 12H (D) where the high-side power semiconductor device (diode) 13HD is placed. Has been.
- a low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT and a low-side power semiconductor device (diode) 13LD which are connected in reverse parallel are arranged.
- the back electrodes of the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT and the low-side power semiconductor device (diode) 13LD are electrically and mechanically joined to predetermined positions of the bridge wiring conductor 12B with solder or the like.
- the main surface electrodes (drain electrode, cathode electrode) of the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT and the low-side power semiconductor device (diode) 13LD are connected to the negative electrode terminal 14L via low-side connection means 18LT, 18LD such as bonding wires. It is connected to.
- the bridge wiring conductor 12B is divided by the slit 26B into a switch region 12B (T) where the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT is placed and a diode region 12B (D) where the low-side power semiconductor device (diode) 13LD is placed. Yes.
- the slit 26H has a center line of the main current flowing in one direction through the positive electrode conductor 12H (T) (or 12H (D)) and the high-side connection means (a plurality of bonding wires in the drawing) 18HT (or 18HD).
- the barycentric line of the main current flowing in the reverse direction can be brought close (or coincident), and the parasitic inductance in the high side region can be further reduced.
- the slit 26B is close to the center line of the load current flowing through the bridge wiring conductor 12B (T) (or 12B (D)) and the center line of the reverse load current flowing through the plurality of bonding wires 18LT (or 18LD). (Or match), and the parasitic inductance in the low side region can be further reduced.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B or FIGS. 4A and 4B Other structural members are the same as those in FIGS. 1A and 1B or FIGS. 4A and 4B, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the manufacturing process of the half bridge power semiconductor module 3 according to the third embodiment is not different from the manufacturing process of the half bridge power semiconductor module 1 described with reference to FIG.
- the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3 according to the third embodiment has a configuration in which various wiring conductors and thermal strain relaxation conductors 22 are pasted on both surfaces of a single-layer insulating plate 16 as in the first and second embodiments.
- An insulated wiring board 15 is provided. Therefore, the thermal resistance is lower than that of the insulated wiring board 115 of the comparative example (FIG. 10) composed of two layers of insulating plates and three layers of conductors, and a thermal resistance that is exactly the same as that of the conventional power semiconductor module is realized.
- FIG. 6A to 6D indicate the flow of main currents (ILH, ILL) that flow in the steady operation state of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3 according to the third embodiment. That is, FIG. 6A shows the main current (ILH) that flows when the high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT is turned on, and FIG. 6B shows the low-side power diode 13LD in reverse conduction (switching). 6C shows the main current (ILL) that flows when the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT is turned on, and FIG. 6C shows the main current (ILL) that flows when the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT is turned on.
- FIG. 6A shows the main current (ILH, ILL) that flows when the high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT is turned on
- FIG. 6B shows the low-side power diode 13LD in reverse conduction (switching).
- 6C shows the main current (ILL) that flows when the low-side power semiconductor device (sw
- d) shows the main current (ILH) that flows when the high-side power diode 13HD is reverse conducting (commutated).
- the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3 achieves close antiparallel flow conditions in all four basic steady-state operating conditions, whether on the insulated wiring board 15 or on the main terminals (14H, 14B, 14L). It is confirmed that
- the third embodiment simultaneously reduces the parasitic inductance and the thermal resistance inside the power module.
- the main current ILH (FIG. 6A) decreases while the main current ILL of the power diode 13LD in FIG. 6B (FIG. 6B). So that the main currents (ILH, ILL) flow simultaneously. Even in such a transient state, each of the main currents (ILH, ILL) achieves close antiparallel flow in the high-side and low-side regions. For this reason, the parasitic inductance is reduced even in a transient state, and as a result, an effect of suppressing the generation of a surge voltage applied to the high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT can be achieved.
- the main current ILL decreases while the main current ILH of the power diode 13HD (FIG. 6D) increases.
- the main currents (ILH, ILL) flow simultaneously. Even in such a transient state, each of the main currents (ILH, ILL) achieves close antiparallel flow in the high-side and low-side regions. For this reason, the parasitic inductance is reduced, and as a result, the effect of suppressing the generation of a surge voltage applied to the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT can be achieved.
- the parasitic inductance is kept low even when the power semiconductor devices (switches) 13HT and 13LT are turned on. That is, in the third embodiment half bridge power semiconductor module 3, the parasitic inductance is suppressed to be low both at the moment when the power semiconductor devices (switches) 13HT and 13LT are turned on and at the moment when they are turned off. For this reason, current ringing and voltage ringing caused by a sudden change in the parasitic inductance and the main current can be suppressed.
- FIG. 7A is a plan view showing a configuration of a half-bridge power semiconductor module 3-1 according to the first modification
- FIG. 7B is an insulated wiring used in the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3-1
- 2 is a plan view of a substrate 15.
- FIG. The cross-sectional structure of the main part is basically the same as that shown in FIGS. 1A (b), 1A (c), and 1B (a), and is not shown. Further, the circuit representation diagram is also the same as FIG.
- the first difference is that the arrangement of the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT and the low-side power semiconductor device (diode) 13LD is switched. By switching the positions, the arrangement on the high side and the low side is substantially symmetrical with respect to the input / output terminals (14H, 14B, 14L). For this reason, according to the modification 1, compared with the half bridge power semiconductor module 3, the effect that the total balance of the parasitic inductance of a high side and a low side can be taken favorably is acquired.
- the low-side gate signal terminal 14LG and the source signal terminal 14LS move to the lower part, and a space above the bridge wiring conductor 12B (D) is vacated.
- the advantage that the vertical dimension of the insulated wiring board (module) 15 can be made small arises.
- Half-bridge power semiconductor modules are often used for applications that continuously output power pulses of the same polarity, such as a DC-DC converter that performs PWM modulation and a PWM inverter that outputs a sine wave waveform.
- a DC-DC converter that performs PWM modulation
- a PWM inverter that outputs a sine wave waveform.
- the operation of turning on or off the switch on one side (for example, high side) and commutating to the diode on the other side (for example, low side) is repeated.
- the parasitic inductance of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3 (FIG. 5) of the third embodiment is greater than that of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3-1 (FIG. 7) of the first modification.
- the best embodiment and its modification should be selected according to the application. This guideline applies in common to the entire embodiment.
- FIG. 8A and 8B show the structure of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 4 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the half-bridge power semiconductor module 4 is an example in which the layout of the first embodiment (FIGS. 1A and 1B) is changed, but the layout of the modules of the second and third embodiments can be changed based on the same idea. I want to refuse that first.
- 8A (a) is a plan view
- FIG. 8B (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ in FIG. 8A (a)
- FIG. 8B (b) is a line segment B in FIG. 8A (a).
- 8B (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC ′ in FIG. 8A (a)
- FIG. 8B (d) is a line DD ′ in FIG. 8A (a). It is sectional drawing cut
- FIG. 8A (b) is a plan view of the insulated wiring board 15 alone. Since the circuit representation is the same as FIG. 1B (b), drawing is omitted. 8 with the same symbols as those in FIG. 1 are the same as those in FIG. 1, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted or only a brief description will be given.
- the insulated wiring board 15 is provided with various wiring conductors (the positive wiring conductor 12H, the bridge wiring conductor 12B, the negative wiring conductors 12L, 12HG, 12HS, 12LG, and 12LS) attached to the surface of the insulating plate 16 and the back surface of the insulating board 16. It is a single-layer insulated wiring board provided with the affixed heat-strained wiring conductor 22. As shown in FIG. 8A (b), the bridge wiring conductor 12B is branched into a high side region and a low side region.
- Each of the high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT and the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT includes a reverse conducting diode.
- the back surface of the high-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT is joined to the positive wiring conductor 12H, and the back surface of the low-side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT is joined to the bridge wiring conductor 12B.
- the bridge terminal 14B is an upright terminal and is joined to the bridge wiring conductor 12B in the high side region and the low side region.
- the high side terminal 14H is an upright terminal, is joined to the positive electrode conductor 12H, is close to the bridge terminal 14B, and is located between the bridge terminal 14B and the high side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT.
- the low side terminal 14L is an upright terminal, is joined to the negative electrode conductor 12L, is close to the bridge terminal 14B, and is located between the bridge terminal 14B and the low side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT.
- the high side connection means 18BT connects the surface electrode (source or emitter electrode) of the high side power semiconductor device (switch) 13HT and the instep of the upright bridge terminal 14B.
- the low side connection means 18LT connects the surface electrode (source or emitter electrode) of the low side power semiconductor device (switch) 13LT and the instep of the standing low side terminal 14L.
- the half-bridge power semiconductor module 4 according to the fourth embodiment can be manufactured by the manufacturing process described with reference to FIG. 2, the description of the manufacturing process is omitted.
- the half-bridge power semiconductor module 4 As shown in FIGS. 8B (a) to 8 (d), the half-bridge power semiconductor module 4 according to the fourth embodiment has an insulating structure in which various wiring conductors and thermal strain relaxation conductors 22 are attached to both surfaces of a single-layer insulating plate 16. A wiring board 15 is provided. Therefore, the thermal resistance is lower than that of the insulated wiring board 115 of the comparative example (FIG. 10) consisting of two layers of insulating plates and three layers of conductors, and the thermal resistance is exactly the same as that of the conventional power semiconductor module. I can say that.
- 9A to 9D indicate the main currents (ILH, ILL) that flow in the four steady-state operating states of the half-bridge power semiconductor module 4. It can be seen that the half-bridge power semiconductor module 3 satisfies the condition of close antiparallel flow on the insulated wiring board 15 and the main terminals 14H, 14B, and 14L in all steady operation states. Therefore, it can be said that the half bridge power semiconductor module 4 according to the fourth embodiment achieves a low parasitic inductance equivalent to that of the half bridge power semiconductor module 1 of the first embodiment.
- the parasitic inductance of the main circuit Since the parasitic inductance of the main circuit is reduced, the surge voltage generated at the moment when the internal power semiconductor device (switch) is turned off can be significantly reduced. Furthermore, current ringing and voltage ringing caused by a sudden change in the parasitic inductance and the main current can be suppressed.
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Abstract
Description
図1A、図1B、図2を参照して、第1実施形態に係わるハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール1の構造を説明する。図1A(a)は平面図であり、図1A(b)は図1A(a)のA-A’切断線に沿った断面図、図1A(c)は図1A(a)のB-B’切断線に沿った断面図、図1B(a)は図1A(a)のC-C’切断線に沿った断面図である。図1B(b)は、ハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール1の回路表現図である。図2(a)~(c)はハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール1の主要な製造工程を示す平面図である。
絶縁配線基板15は、1枚の絶縁板16と、絶縁板16の表面に互いに電気的に絶縁して配置された複数の配線導体(12H、12B、12L、12HG、12HS、12LG、12LS)と、を備える。複数の配線導体には、正極配線導体12H、ブリッジ配線導体12B、負極配線導体12L、ゲート信号配線導体(12HG、12LG)、ソース信号配線導体(12HS、12LS)が含まれる。これら各配線導体は絶縁板16の表面上に直接銅接合法あるいは活性金属接合法などで接合されている。
第1実施形態において、図1A(c)に示すように、ハイサイドパワー半導体装置13HT及びローサイドパワー半導体装置13LTの各々は、逆導通ダイオードを内蔵するユニポーラ型パワースイッチング素子、たとえば、MOSFETや接合FETなどである。ハイサイドパワー半導体装置13HT及びローサイドパワー半導体装置13LTの各々は、表面電極と裏面電極との間が導通する状態(オン状態)と、遮断された状態(オフ状態)とを切り替えるための制御信号(ゲート信号)が入力されるゲート電極を有する。
ブリッジ端子14B、ハイサイド端子14H、ローサイド端子14L、ゲート信号端子14HG、14LG、ソース信号端子14HS、14LSの各端子は絶縁配線基板15の表面から垂直に起ち上っている起立型端子である。繰り返しになるが、図1A(b)、(c)及び図1B(a)の断面図を参照すれば分かるように、各端子の要部断面はL字型をしている。ブリッジ端子14Bは、ブリッジ配線導体12Bに接続され、ブリッジ配線導体12Bから起立している。同様にハイサイド端子14Hとローサイド端子14Lは、それぞれ正極配線導体12H、負極配線導体12Lに接続され、正極配線導体12H、負極配線導体12Lから起立している。ブリッジ端子14Bは「起立型ブリッジ端子」に相当し、ハイサイド端子14Hは「起立型ハイサイド端子」に相当し、ローサイド端子14Lは「起立型ローサイド端子」に相当し、ゲート信号端子14HG、14LGは「起立型ゲート信号端子」に相当し、ソース信号端子14HS、14LSは「起立型ソース信号端子」に相当する。
次に、図2(a)~図2(c)を用いて、図1A及び図1Bのハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール1の製造方法の一例を説明する。
次に、図10に示す比較例を参照して、図1Aのハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール1より得られる作用及び効果を説明する。
(2)このサージ電圧でパワー半導体装置を破壊する。
(3)この脅威から逃れるために、より高耐圧仕様のパワー半導体装置を採用すると導通損失が増大する上に、製造コストも増大する。
正極配線導体12H及びハイサイド接続手段(図1Aでは複数のボンディングワイヤー)18BTの各々に流れる主電流は、その大きさが等しく、その向きが逆方向であり且つ分散して近接平行している。また、ブリッジ配線導体12B及び複数のボンディングワイヤー18LTの各々に流れる主電流は、その大きさが等しく、その向きが逆方向且つ分散して近接平行している。
Rth-sub=Rth_C1+Rth_I1+Rth_C2・・・・(1)
Rth-sub=Rth_C1+Rth_I1+(Rth_Cm+Rth_I2)+Rth_C2・・・・(2)
第1実施形態では、ハイサイドパワー半導体装置13HT及びローサイドパワー半導体装置13LTがともにスイッチング素子(すなわち、MOSFETやJFETなどのトランジスタ)であるハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュールの場合を示した。しかしながら、ハイサイドパワー半導体装置またはローサイドパワー半導体装置の一方がダイオード、他方がトランジスタであるハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュールであっても、同様にして、寄生インダクタンスLsを低減し、その結果として、トランジスタのターンオンで発生するサージ電圧を低減することができる。
ハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュールに使用するハイサイドパワー半導体装置(スイッチ)或いはローサイドパワー半導体装置(スイッチ)の属性によっては、パワー半導体装置(スイッチ)に高速還流パワーダイオードFWD(ショットキーダイオードまたは高速pnダイオード)を逆並列に設置する必要がある場合がある。これに該当するのは、たとえば、IGBTのように逆導通させることが原理的に困難なバイポーラパワー半導体装置の場合、ユニポーラ型であってもパワー半導体装置(スイッチ)に逆導通型ダイオードが内蔵されていない場合、パワー半導体装置(スイッチ)に内蔵されている逆導通型ダイオードの電流定格では容量が足らない場合、あるいは、何らかの理由で内蔵ダイオードを逆導通させたくない場合、などである。本発明は、以下に述べるようにこのような場合でも適用可能である。
ここで、第3実施形態に係わる変形例1を説明する。図7(a)は、変形例1に係わるハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール3-1の構成を示す平面図であり、図7(b)はハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール3-1に使用している絶縁配線基板15の平面図である。要部断面構造は、図1A(b)、図1A(c)、及び図1B(a)と基本的に変わらないから、図示を省略する。また、回路表現図も図5(c)と同じであるから、図示を省略する。
第1乃至第3実施形態及びその変形例においては、ハイサイド領域とローサイド領域の中央にブリッジ端子14Bを配置する構成であった。しかし、本発明はこのようなレイアウトに限定されるものではない。第4実施形態は、本発明がブリッジ端子14Bを中央に配置しない構成でも実現可能であることを示す一例である。
12H、12H(T)、12H(D) 正極配線導体
12L、12L(T)、12L(D) 負極配線導体
12B、12B(T)、12B(D) ブリッジ配線導体
12HG、12LG ゲート(ベース)信号配線導体
12HS、12LS ソース(エミッタ)信号配線導体
13HT ハイサイドパワー半導体装置(スイッチ)
13HD ハイサイドパワー半導体装置(ダイオードFWD)
13LT ローサイドパワー半導体装置(スイッチ)
13LD ローサイドパワー半導体装置(ダイオードFWD)
14H 起立型ハイサイド端子
14L 起立型ローサイド端子
14B 起立型ブリッジ端子
14HG、14LG 起立型ゲート信号端子
14HS、14LS 起立型ソース信号端子
15 絶縁配線基板
16 絶縁板
18BT、18BD ハイサイド接続手段(複数のボンディングワイヤーなど)
18LT、18LD ローサイド接続手段(複数のボンディングワイヤーなど)
18HG、18LG ゲート信号接続手段(複数のボンディングワイヤーなど)
18HS、18LS ソース信号接続手段(複数のボンディングワイヤーなど)
ILH、ILL 主電流
Claims (18)
- 1枚の絶縁板と、前記絶縁板の上或いはその上方に互いに電気的に絶縁して配置された、正極配線導体、ブリッジ配線導体、及び負極配線導体と、を備えた絶縁配線基板と、
前記正極配線導体の上にその裏面電極が接合された1以上のハイサイドパワー半導体装置と、
前記ブリッジ配線導体の上にその裏面電極が接合された1以上のローサイドパワー半導体装置と、
前記ブリッジ配線導体に接続された起立型ブリッジ端子と、
前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置と前記ブリッジ端子の間に配置され、前記正極配線導体に接続された起立型ハイサイド端子と、
前記ブリッジ端子と前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置の間に配置され、前記負極配線導体に接続された起立型ローサイド端子と、
前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置の表面主電極と前記起立型ブリッジ端子を接続するハイサイド接続手段と、
前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置の表面主電極と前記起立型ローサイド端子を接続するローサイド接続手段と、
を備えることを特徴とするハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。 - 前記正極配線導体及び前記ハイサイド接続手段の各々に流れる主電流は、その大きさが等しく、その向きが逆方向であり且つ略平行であることを特徴とする請求項1記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。
- 前記ブリッジ配線導体及び前記ローサイド接続手段の各々に流れる主電流は、その大きさが等しく、その向きが逆方向且つ平行であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。
- 前記起立型ブリッジ端子、前記起立型ハイサイド端子、及び前記起立型ローサイド端子は、互いに近接して平行に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。
- 前記起立型ハイサイド端子及び前記起立型ブリッジ端子の各々に流れる主電流は、その大きさが等しく、その向きが逆方向且つ平行であることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。
- 前記起立型ローサイド端子及び前記起立型ブリッジ端子の各々に流れる主電流は、その大きさが等しく、その向きが逆方向且つ平行であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。
- 前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置と前記起立型ハイサイド端子の距離と、前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置と前記起立型ローサイド端子の距離とが等距離であることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。
- 前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置と前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置の少なくともいずれか一方がスイッチングパワー素子であることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。
- 前記絶縁配線基板は、前記絶縁板の上に配置されたゲート信号配線導体及びソース信号配線導体を更に備え、
前記ハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュールは、
前記ゲート信号配線導体に接続された起立型ゲート信号端子と、
前記ソース信号配線導体に接続された起立型ソース信号端子と、
前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置及び前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置の少なくとも一方のゲート電極と前記ゲート信号配線導体または前記起立型ゲート信号端子とを接続するゲート信号接続手段と、
前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置及び該ローサイドパワー半導体装置の少なくとも一方のソース電極と前記ソース信号配線導体または前記起立型ソース信号端子とを接続するソース信号接続手段と、を更に備え、
前記ゲート信号接続手段と前記ソース信号接続手段は互いに平行に配置され、前記起立型ゲート信号端子と前記起立型ソース信号端子は互いに平行に配置され、ゲート信号電流が等量で逆平行に通流するよう配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。 - 前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置及び前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置の少なくとも一方が、パワースイッチング素子と前記パワースイッチング素子に逆並列に接続されたパワーダイオードとを備えることを特徴とする請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。
- 前記正極配線導体及び前記ブリッジ配線導体の少なくとも一方には、前記パワースイッチング素子と前記パワーダイオードの間を仕切るスリットが形成されていることを特徴とする請求項10に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。
- (実施形態3、3-1)
2以上の前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置は、前記正極配線導体及び前記ハイサイド接続手段の各々に流れる主電流の重心を一致させるように、前記ブリッジ配線導体及び前記ローサイド接続手段が一方向に配列されていることを特徴とする請求項10~11のいずれか一項記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。 - 2以上の前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置は、前記ブリッジ配線導体及び前記ローサイド接続手段の各々に流れる主電流の重心を一致させるように、前記ブリッジ配線導体及び前記ローサイド接続手段が一方向に配列されていることを特徴とする請求項10~12のいずれか一項記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。
- 前記絶縁板の主面の法線方向から見て、前記負極配線導体は、空隙を介して前記ブリッジ配線導体に包囲されていることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。
- 前記起立型ハイサイド端子及び前記起立型ローサイド端子は、それぞれ、前記絶縁板の主面の法線方向に起立した平板状のベース部と、ベース部から分岐した複数の歯部とからなり、複数の歯部の先端が前記正極配線導体及び前記負極配線導体に接続していることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュール。
- 1枚の絶縁板と、前記絶縁板の上或いはその上方に互いに電気的に絶縁して配置された、正極配線導体、ブリッジ配線導体、及び負極配線導体と、を備えた絶縁配線基板と、
前記正極配線導体の上にその裏面電極が接合された1以上のハイサイドパワー半導体装置と、
前記ブリッジ配線導体の上にその裏面電極が接合された1以上のローサイドパワー半導体装置と、
前記ブリッジ配線導体に接続された起立型ブリッジ端子と、
前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置と前記ブリッジ端子の間に配置され、前記正極配線導体に接続された起立型ハイサイド端子と、
前記ブリッジ端子と前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置の間に配置され、前記負極配線導体に接続された起立型ローサイド端子と、
前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置の表面主電極と前記起立型ブリッジ端子を接続するハイサイド接続手段と、
前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置の表面主電極と前記起立型ローサイド端子を接続するローサイド接続手段と、
を備えるハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュールの製造方法であって、
少なくとも前記正極配線導体、前記ブリッジ配線導体、及び前記負極配線導体を備えた前記絶縁配線基板を用意する第1工程と、
前記第1工程の後に、前記ブリッジ配線導体に前記起立型ブリッジ端子を接続し、前記正極配線導体に前記起立型ハイサイド端子を接続し、前記負極配線導体に前記起立型ローサイド端子を接続する第2工程と、
前記第2工程の後に、前記正極配線導体の上に前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置の裏面電極を接合し、前記ブリッジ配線導体の上に前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置の裏面電極を接合する第3工程と、
前記第3工程の後に、前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置の表面電極と前記ブリッジ配線導体とを前記ハイサイド接続手段を用いて接続し、前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置の表面電極と前記負極配線導体とを前記ローサイド接続手段を用いて接続する第4工程と、
を備えることを特徴とするハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュールの製造方法。 - 請求項16記載の前記第2工程は、起立型ゲート信号端子をゲート信号配線導体に接続し、起立型ソース信号端子をソース信号配線導体に接続する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項16に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュールの製造方法。
- 請求項16記載の前記第4工程は、前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置のゲート電極もしくは前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置のゲート電極と、ゲート信号配線導体または起立型ゲート信号端子とをゲート信号接続手段で結線し、前記ハイサイドパワー半導体装置のソース電極もしくは前記ローサイドパワー半導体装置のソース電極と、ソース信号配線導体または起立型ソース信号端子とをソース接続手段で結線する工程を含むことを特徴とする請求項16又は17に記載のハーフブリッジパワー半導体モジュールの製造方法。
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