WO2016125353A1 - 熱交換器及び熱交換器の制御方法 - Google Patents
熱交換器及び熱交換器の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016125353A1 WO2016125353A1 PCT/JP2015/081040 JP2015081040W WO2016125353A1 WO 2016125353 A1 WO2016125353 A1 WO 2016125353A1 JP 2015081040 W JP2015081040 W JP 2015081040W WO 2016125353 A1 WO2016125353 A1 WO 2016125353A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- exhaust gas
- medium
- heat exchange
- unit
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 172
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101000661807 Homo sapiens Suppressor of tumorigenicity 14 protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012718 dry electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/08—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of heaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
- F23J2215/20—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
- F23J2900/15081—Reheating of flue gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
- F28F2250/06—Derivation channels, e.g. bypass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger control method, for example, a heat exchanger provided with a preheating unit for preheating exhaust gas to be introduced into a reheater, and a heat exchanger control method.
- the exhaust gas in a wet state that has passed through the wet desulfurization apparatus is preheated and dried in a preheating unit to which a heat medium heated by a heat recovery unit and a heating unit is supplied.
- the exhaust gas is dried to reduce the adhesion of dust in the exhaust gas inside the reheater body and the corrosion due to the wet components in the exhaust gas.
- the heat exchanger is installed so that the exhaust gas temperature at the exhaust gas outlet portion of the heat recovery device and the heat medium temperature at the heat medium outlet portion of the reheater are within predetermined ranges, respectively. I have control.
- the gas temperature and the gas flow rate of the exhaust gas introduced into the exhaust gas treatment device are lowered due to the change in the power generation load accompanying the change in the operating conditions, and the amount of heat of the exhaust gas recovered by the heat recovery device fluctuates.
- the temperature of the heat medium at the inlet of the reheater may decrease.
- the preheating of the exhaust gas in the preheating portion of the reheater becomes insufficient and is accompanied by the wet exhaust gas from the desulfurization apparatus.
- dust becomes more likely to adhere to the heat transfer tube in the reheater using mist contained in the exhaust gas as a binder and the gas differential pressure rises between the inlet and outlet of the reheater and corrosion inside the reheater proceeds There is.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and is a heat exchanger that can reduce the adhesion of soot in exhaust gas and the corrosion of heat transfer tubes inside the reheater even when the operating conditions fluctuate. And it aims at providing the control method of a heat exchanger.
- the heat exchanger includes a heat recovery unit that causes the heat medium to recover the heat of the exhaust gas by first heat exchange in which the exhaust gas from the combustion engine and a heat transfer tube through which the heat medium flows are in contact with each other, and the first heat exchange.
- a reheater comprising a heating unit for heating the exhaust gas after the second heat exchange by a third heat exchange for bringing the exhaust gas into contact with the heat medium after the second heat exchange; the heat recovery device; and the reheating
- a circulation line that circulates the heat medium between the heat exchanger and the amount of heat recovered from the exhaust gas by the first heat exchange in the heat recovery device, and the first heat exchange based on the calculated amount of recovered heat
- a control unit that controls the temperature of the heating medium later within a predetermined range. And wherein the door.
- the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the preheating part of the reheater is controlled based on the amount of heat recovered by the heat recovery device from the exhaust gas introduced into the heat recovery device, so that the heat recovery from the exhaust gas. It becomes possible to make the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the preheating part quickly fall within a predetermined range in accordance with the change in the amount of recovered heat recovered by the vessel. Accordingly, a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger control method that can reduce the adhesion of soot in the exhaust gas and the heat transfer tube in the preheating portion even when the operating conditions of the boiler or the like fluctuate. It can be realized.
- the control unit is at least one selected from the group consisting of a gas temperature of the exhaust gas introduced into the heat exchanger, a gas flow rate of the exhaust gas, and an operating load of the combustion engine. It is preferable to calculate the amount of recovered heat based on the seed. With this configuration, the accuracy of calculating the amount of recovered heat by the control unit is improved, so that it is possible to further reduce the adhesion of soot in the exhaust gas and the heat transfer tube in the preheating unit inside the reheater.
- the control unit heats the heat medium after the first heat exchange when the recovered heat amount becomes less than a predetermined value.
- the heat medium can be heated according to the amount of recovered heat, so that it is possible to reduce the adhesion of soot in the exhaust gas and the heat transfer tube in the preheating section inside the reheater.
- the control unit supplies steam from the steam supply unit to the heat medium after the first heat exchange so that the temperature of the heat medium after the first exchange is within a predetermined range. It is preferable to do. With this configuration, since the heat medium can be heated with steam, the heat medium can be easily heated.
- the circulation line includes a bypass line that bypasses the heat exchanger, and the control unit passes the bypass line through the bypass line when the amount of recovered heat exceeds a predetermined value. It is preferable that the temperature of the heat medium is within a predetermined range by circulating the heat medium between the heat exchanger and the reheater. With this configuration, even when the amount of heat recovered by the heat recovery unit is too large, the amount of heat recovered by the heat recovery unit can be reduced and the temperature of the heat medium can be within a predetermined range.
- the heat transfer tubes of the heating unit are arranged in a tetragonal lattice shape with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas.
- the heat exchanger control method of the present invention includes a heat recovery unit that recovers heat of the exhaust gas by the heat medium by first heat exchange in which exhaust gas from a combustion engine and a heat transfer tube through which the heat medium flows are brought into contact with each other. After the first heat exchange by heat of the heat medium after the first heat exchange by the second heat exchange in which the exhaust gas after the first heat exchange and the heat transfer tube through which the heat medium after the first heat exchange flows are brought into contact with each other.
- a heat exchanger control method comprising: a step of calculating a recovered heat amount recovered from the exhaust gas by a first heat exchange in the heat recovery unit; and the calculated recovered heat amount Is less than a predetermined value, the heat after the first heat exchange
- the heated characterized in that it comprises a step of controlling the temperature of the heating medium within a predetermined range.
- the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the preheating part of the reheater is controlled based on the amount of heat recovered by the heat recovery device from the exhaust gas introduced into the heat recovery device. It becomes possible to make the temperature of the heat medium supplied to the preheating part quickly fall within a predetermined range in accordance with the change in the amount of recovered heat recovered by the vessel. Accordingly, a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger control method that can reduce the adhesion of soot in the exhaust gas and the heat transfer tube in the preheating portion even when the operating conditions of the boiler or the like fluctuate. It can be realized. With this configuration, even when the amount of heat recovered by the heat recovery unit is too large, the amount of heat recovered by the heat recovery unit can be reduced and the temperature of the heat medium can be within a predetermined range.
- the heat medium when the calculated amount of recovered heat exceeds a predetermined value, the heat medium is allowed to flow through a bypass line that bypasses the heat recovery device.
- a step of controlling the temperature of the medium within a predetermined range.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas treatment system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the heat exchanger according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the heat exchanger control method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchanger according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the heat exchanger control method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the reheater according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram showing another example of the configuration of the reheater according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust gas treatment system 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- the exhaust gas treatment system 10 according to the present embodiment treats exhaust gas discharged from a thermal power plant, a chemical plant, and the like, so that nitrogen oxides (NOx), dust, And an exhaust gas treatment system that removes and discharges sulfur oxides (SOx).
- NOx nitrogen oxides
- SOx sulfur oxides
- An exhaust gas treatment system 10 is provided in a boiler 11 installed in a thermal power plant, a chemical plant, and the like, a denitration device 12 provided in a subsequent stage of the boiler 11, and a subsequent stage in the denitration device 12.
- An air heater (AH) 13 an electric dust collector 14 provided downstream of the air heater 13, a blower 15 provided downstream of the electric dust collector 14, a desulfurization device 16 provided downstream of the blower 15, And a chimney 17 provided at the rear stage of the desulfurization device 16.
- a heat recovery unit 21 of the heat exchanger 20 according to the present embodiment is disposed between the air heater 13 and the electric dust collector 14, and the heat according to the present embodiment is interposed between the desulfurization device 16 and the chimney 17.
- a reheater 22 of the exchanger (gas gas heater) 20 is arranged inside the heat exchanger 21, a fin tube 21a is provided as a heat transfer tube through which a heat medium flows.
- the reheater 22 includes a preheating unit 221 that preheats the exhaust gas introduced into the reheater 22, a low temperature heating unit 222 that is preheated by the preheating unit 221 but heats the exhaust gas, and an exhaust gas heated by the low temperature heating unit 222. And a high-temperature heating unit 223 for further heating.
- a tube 221a as a heat transfer bare tube is disposed in the preheating unit 221.
- a fin tube 222 a as a heat transfer tube is disposed in the low temperature heating unit 222.
- a fin tube 223a as a heat transfer tube is disposed in the high-temperature heating unit 223.
- a circulation line L that circulates the heat medium M between the heat recovery device 21 and the reheater 22 is provided between the heat recovery device 21 and the reheater 22.
- the circulation line L is provided with a liquid feed pump P that circulates the heat medium M in the circulation line L between the heat recovery device 21 and the reheater 22.
- the heat recovery device 21 and the reheater 22 are mutually heat-exchanged by the heat transfer medium P flowing through the circulation line L by the liquid feed pump P.
- Exhaust gas G 0, which is discharged from the boiler 11 is introduced into the denitration unit 12 that the catalyst is filled.
- the exhaust gas G 0 introduced into the denitration device 12 is rendered harmless by the reduction of nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas G 0 into water and nitrogen by ammonia (NH 3 ) injected into the denitration device 12 as a reducing agent. Is done.
- the exhaust gas G 1 discharged from the denitration device 12 is introduced into an air heater (AH) 13.
- Air heater 13 exhaust gas G 1 introduced into the by heat exchange with the air for example, be cooled to a temperature below 0.99 ° C. 130 ° C. or higher.
- Air heater exhaust gas G 2 discharged from 13 is introduced into the heat recovery unit 21 of the heat exchanger (gas-gas heater) 20 according to this embodiment.
- Exhaust gas G 2 which has been introduced into the heat recovery unit 21, the heat medium in contact with the fin tube 21a which heat medium M flows (e.g., water) and is heat-exchanged to be cooled is heat recovery.
- EP electrostatic precipitator
- Exhaust gas G 4 discharged from the electrostatic precipitator 14 is boosted by the blower 15 driven by an electric motor.
- the blower 15 is not necessarily provided. Moreover, you may provide the air blower 15 in the back
- Exhaust gas G 5 boosted by the blower 15 is introduced into the desulfurization apparatus 16.
- a limestone absorption liquid elaborate dissolved slurried, sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas G 5 are absorbed and removed, gypsum (not shown) is produced as a byproduct.
- the exhaust gas G 6 discharged from the desulfurization apparatus 16 becomes a wet state by absorbing moisture absorbing liquid, temperature, for example, reduced to about 50 ° C..
- Exhaust gas G 6 discharged from the desulfurization apparatus 16 is introduced into the heat recovery vessel 21 of the heat exchanger (gas-gas heater) 20 according to this embodiment.
- Exhaust gas G 5 which is introduced into the heat recovery unit 21, preheat unit 221, the tube 221a in the low temperature heating unit 222 and the high temperature heating unit 223, and, with the heat medium and the heat exchanger are sequentially in contact with the fin tubes 222a and 223a Heated.
- the humidity of the wet exhaust gas G 6 is reduced by heating to a temperature above a pre-50 ° C.
- the exhaust gas G 6 wet preheating unit 221, dust which is entrained in the exhaust gas G 6 at a low temperature heating unit 222 etc. it is possible to prevent the corrosion of the low temperature heating unit 222 by the mist of the absorbing liquid in the attachment and in the exhaust gas G 6 of.
- the exhaust gas G 6 heat-exchanged by the reheater 22 is discharged through the chimney 17.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the heat exchanger 20 according to the present embodiment.
- the heat exchanger 20 according to the present embodiment, the heat exhaust gas G 2 which has been introduced from the air heater 13 while heating the heat medium M by recovering the heating medium M, after heat recovery
- the heat exchanger 20 that discharges the cooled exhaust gas G 3 to the electrostatic precipitator 14 and the wet exhaust gas G 6 introduced from the desulfurization device 16 are heated by the heating medium M, and the heated exhaust gas G 7 is sent to the chimney 17.
- a reheater 22 for discharging and a steam supply unit 23 for supplying steam S to the heat medium M in the circulation line L for supplying the heat medium M from the heat exchanger 20 toward the reheater 22 are provided.
- the heat medium M heated by the heat exchanger 20 is sent to the reheater 22 by the liquid feed pump P through the circulation line L.
- the heat medium M cooled by the reheater 22 is sent to the heat recovery device 21 by the liquid feed pump P through the circulation line L.
- the heat medium M is supplied from the heat medium tank 24 to the circulation line L that supplies the heat medium M from the reheater 22 toward the heat recovery unit 21 as necessary.
- the heat recovery device 21 includes a fin tube 21a as a heat transfer tube in which a plurality of fins, which are heat radiating plates, are provided on a tubular member.
- a circulation line L for circulating the heat medium M between the heat recovery device 21 and the reheater 22 is connected to the fin tube 21a.
- the heat exchanger 20 is a heat exhaust gas G 2 was recovered in the heating medium M by the first heat exchange against the exhaust gas G 2 and the fin tubes 21a introduced from the air heater 13 to the internal heat recovery vessel 21 heating medium M Heat.
- the heated heating medium M is fed toward the reheater 22 by a liquid feeding pump P provided in the circulation line L.
- the reheater 22 includes a preheating portion 221 in which a tube 221a as a heat transfer bare tube that is a tubular member is disposed, and a fin tube 222a as a heat transfer tube in which a plurality of fins that are heat sinks are provided in the tubular member.
- the low temperature heating part 222 arrange
- One end of the tube 221a is connected to the circulation line L, and the other end is connected to one end of the fin tube 223a via the circulation line L.
- the other end of the fin tube 223a is connected to one end of the fin tube 222a through the circulation line L.
- the other end of the fin tube 222a is connected to the circulation line L. That is, in the reheater 22, the heat medium M after the first heat exchange supplied from the heat recovery device 21 is sequentially fed in the order of the preheating unit 221, the high temperature heating unit 223, and the low temperature heating unit 222.
- the heat medium M supplied to the low-temperature heating unit 222 is sent to the heat recovery device 21 via the circulation line L.
- the preheating unit 221 has a second heat that brings the wet exhaust gas G 6 introduced from the desulfurization device 16 into the reheater 22 and the heated heat medium M after the first heat exchange supplied from the heat recovery device 21. with lowering the humidity of the wet exhaust gas G 6 to heat the exhaust gas G 6 by exchange, to cool the heat medium M. Further, the preheating unit 221 supplies the exhaust gas G 6 having a reduced moisture after the second heat exchanger to the low temperature heating unit 222 and the high temperature heating unit 223, the cooled heat medium M after the second heat exchanger the hot Supply to the heating unit 223.
- the low temperature heating unit 222 further heats the exhaust gas G 6 by the third heat exchange in which the exhaust gas G 6 supplied from the preheating unit 221 and the heating medium M supplied from the high temperature heating unit 223 are brought into contact with each other. Cool down.
- the exhaust gas G 6 wet preheating unit 221 and humidity is in the exhaust gas G 6 was reduced by heating, the adhesion and corrosion by the mist of the dust entrained in the exhaust gas G 6 in the tube 221a of the preheating unit 221 It becomes possible to prevent.
- the low temperature heating unit 222 supplies the third exhaust gas G 6 after the heat exchange in the high temperature heating unit 223, and supplies the cooled heat medium M after the third heat exchanger toward the heat recovery vessel 21.
- High temperature heating unit 223, the exhaust gas G 6, which is heated is supplied from the low temperature heating unit 222, which is heated by the fourth heat exchange against a heat medium M of the second rear heat exchanger which is supplied from the preheating unit 221 with further heat the exhaust gas G 6, to cool the heat medium M. Further, the high temperature heating unit 223 supplies the exhaust gas G 6 after the third heat exchange to the high temperature heating unit 223 and supplies the cooled heat medium M after the third heat exchange toward the heat recovery unit 21.
- the exhaust gas G 6 supplied from the preheating unit 221 is heated to a sufficient temperature by the low temperature heating unit 222 and the high temperature heating unit 223, the generation of white smoke from the exhaust gas G 7 discharged toward chimney 17 It becomes possible to prevent.
- steam supply unit 23 is heated by supplying steam S in the heating medium M flowing through the circulation line in the L, the amount of heat recovered from the exhaust gas G 0 supplied from the boiler 11 by the heat recovery unit 21 Even if it is insufficient, the heating medium M supplied to the preheating unit 221 can be heated to a predetermined temperature range.
- the heat exchanger 20 since the exhaust gas G 6 wet in the preheating unit 221 of the reheater 22 can be sufficiently heated, the adhesion of dust in the exhaust gas G 6 for tubes 221a of the preheating unit 221 and It becomes possible to prevent corrosion of the tube 221a based on mist.
- the heat exchanger 20 according to the present embodiment is measured by the exhaust gas measuring unit 31 provided at the introduction part of the exhaust gas G 2 introduced from the air heater 13 to the heat recovery unit 21 in the heat recovery unit 21 and the exhaust gas measurement unit 31. And a control unit 32 that controls the temperature of the heat medium M flowing in the circulation line L based on the measured value.
- the exhaust gas measurement unit 31 measures the gas flow rate of the exhaust gas G 2 introduced into the heat recovery unit 21, the gas temperature of the exhaust gas G 2 , and transmits the measured values to the control unit 32.
- the control unit 32 includes various measured values transmitted from the exhaust gas measurement unit 31, an induction fan (IDF, not shown) for blowing the exhaust gas G 0 from the boiler 11 after combustion, and a desulfurization fan (BUF) provided in the desulfurization device 16. not shown), air quantity and heat from the exhaust gas G 2 by the first heat exchanger from the introduction condition of the exhaust gas G 2 to the heat recovery device 21 based on such combustion load in the boiler 11 with heat exchanger 20 is supplied to the boiler 11 The amount of recovered heat recovered in the medium M is calculated.
- IDF induction fan
- BAF desulfurization fan
- the control unit 32 based on the calculated quantity of heat recovered, so that the temperature measured by the temperature measuring device T 1 of the outlet section of the circulation line L from the inside heat recovery unit 21 becomes a predetermined range, the steam supply unit 23 and controlling the flow rate of the steam S supplied to the heat medium M by the flow control valve V 1.
- the heat exchanger 20 to rapidly calculate the quantity of heat recovered by the first heat exchange by the heat exchanger 20 based on the delivery conditions of the exhaust gas G 2 to the heat recovery device 21 calculated by the control unit 32 It becomes possible.
- the temperature T 3 of the temperature T 2 and the outlet portion of the reheater 22 of the outlet portion of the heat recovery vessel 21 can be within a predetermined range, even when the quantity of heat recovered by the heat exchanger 20 is varied, again It is possible to quickly bring the temperature of the heating medium M supplied to the preheating unit 221 of the heater 22 within a predetermined range, and it is possible to early suppress dust adhesion and corrosion on the fin tube 221a of the preheating unit 221. It becomes.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the control method of the heat exchanger 20 according to the present embodiment.
- the control method of the heat exchanger 20 according to the present embodiment includes a first step of calculating the amount of recovered heat in the heat exchanger 20, and whether the calculated amount of recovered heat is less than a predetermined value.
- a fourth step of stopping the supply of the steam S to the heat medium M and are included.
- the control unit 32 After starting the operation of the heat exchanger 20, the control unit 32, various measurements are transmitted from the exhaust gas measuring unit 31, attraction blower for blowing exhaust gas G 0 from the boiler 11 after combustion (IDF, not shown), desulfurizer 16 provided is desulfurized blower (BUF, not shown), air quantity supplied to the boiler 11 and the heat exchanger from the introduction condition of the exhaust gas G 2 to the heat recovery device 21 based on such combustion load in the boiler 11 20 in calculating the quantity of heat recovered is recovered in the heating medium M from the exhaust gas G 2 by the first heat exchanger (step ST11).
- attraction blower for blowing exhaust gas G 0 from the boiler 11 after combustion IDF, not shown
- desulfurizer 16 provided is desulfurized blower (BUF, not shown)
- air quantity supplied to the boiler 11 and the heat exchanger from the introduction condition of the exhaust gas G 2 to the heat recovery device 21 based on such combustion load in the boiler 11 20 in calculating the quantity of heat recovered is recovered in the heating medium M from the exhaust gas G 2 by
- the control unit 32 determines whether or not the recovered heat amount calculated by comparing the calculated recovered heat amount with a preset predetermined threshold is less than a predetermined value (step ST12). Then, the control unit 32, when the calculated quantity of heat recovered is less than the predetermined value (step ST12: Yes), starts the supply of the steam S from the steam supply unit 23, flow control valve of the steam supply line L 1 supplying steam S to open the V 1 to the heating medium M circulation line L (step ST13). Accordingly, since the temperature of the heating medium M to be supplied to the preheating unit 221 of the reheater 22 may be within a predetermined range, adhesion and corrosion dust portion of the exhaust gas G 6 the fin tube 221a of the preheating unit 221 Can be prevented.
- the control unit 32 when the calculated quantity of heat recovered is greater than the predetermined value (step ST12: No), stops the supply of the steam S from the steam supply unit 33, flow control valve of the steam supply line L 1 close the V 1 to stop the supply of steam S to the heating medium M circulation line L (step ST14).
- the preheating unit 221 of the reheater 22 is supplied to the preheating unit 221 of the reheater 22 on the basis of the quantity of heat recovered from the exhaust gas G 2 which is introduced into the heat recovery vessel 21 is recovered in the heat recovery unit 21 since controlling the temperature of Runetsunakadachi M, to a temperature of the heat medium M fed quickly to the preheating unit 221 in response to a change in quantity of heat recovered from the exhaust gas G 2 is recovered by the heat recovery device 21 in a predetermined range Is possible. Accordingly, even if the operating conditions such as boiler 11 is changed, reheater of dust in the exhaust gas G 6 at 22 inside the deposition and the heat exchanger and the heat exchanger can reduce the tube 221a of the preheating unit 221 A control method can be realized.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the heat exchanger 20 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the heat exchanger 20 heats the heat medium M from the reheater 22 to the heat recovery device 21 and heat from the heat recovery device 21 to the reheater 22.
- a bypass line L 2 provided between the circulation line L for supplying a medium M.
- the bypass line L 2 the flow control valve V 2 to adjust the flow rate of the heating medium M flowing through the bypass line L 2 is provided.
- the flow control valve V 2 is provided to be opened and closed by the control unit 32.
- the control unit 32 in accordance with the quantity of heat recovered in heat recovery unit 21, which is calculated by the control unit 32 adjusts the opening degree of the flow regulating valve V 2 , it becomes possible to control the flow rate of the heat medium M flowing through the bypass line L 2, even when the gas flow rate and the gas temperature of the exhaust gas G 2 which is supplied from the air heater 13 is high, the heat recovery vessel 21 It is possible to prevent excessive heat recovery and control the amount of recovered heat recovered by the heat medium M within a predetermined range.
- description is abbreviate
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for controlling the heat exchanger 20 according to the present embodiment.
- the control method of the heat exchanger 20 according to the present embodiment includes a first step of calculating the amount of recovered heat in the heat exchanger 20, and whether the calculated amount of recovered heat is less than a predetermined range.
- the control unit 32 After starting the operation of the heat exchanger 20, the control unit 32, various measurements are transmitted from the exhaust gas measuring unit 31, attraction blower for blowing exhaust gas G 0 from the boiler 11 after combustion (IDF, not shown), desulfurizer 16 provided is desulfurized blower (BUF, not shown), air quantity supplied to the boiler 11 and the heat exchanger from the introduction condition of the exhaust gas G 2 to the heat recovery device 21 based on such combustion load in the boiler 11 20 in calculating the quantity of heat recovered is recovered in the heating medium M from the exhaust gas G 2 by the first heat exchanger (step ST21).
- attraction blower for blowing exhaust gas G 0 from the boiler 11 after combustion IDF, not shown
- desulfurizer 16 provided is desulfurized blower (BUF, not shown)
- air quantity supplied to the boiler 11 and the heat exchanger from the introduction condition of the exhaust gas G 2 to the heat recovery device 21 based on such combustion load in the boiler 11 20 in calculating the quantity of heat recovered is recovered in the heating medium M from the exhaust gas G 2 by
- the control unit 32 determines whether or not the recovered heat amount calculated by comparing the calculated recovered heat amount with a preset predetermined threshold is less than a predetermined range (step ST22). Then, the control unit 32, when the calculated quantity of heat recovered is less than the predetermined range (step ST22: Yes), starts the supply of the steam S from the steam supply unit 23, flow control valve of the steam supply line L 1 supplying steam S to open the V 1 to the heating medium M circulation line L (step ST23). Accordingly, since the temperature of the heating medium M to be supplied to the preheating unit 221 of the reheater 22 may be within a predetermined range, adhesion and corrosion dust portion of the exhaust gas G 6 the fin tube 221a of the preheating unit 221 Can be prevented.
- the control unit 32 when the calculated quantity of heat recovered is greater than the predetermined range (step ST22: No), stops the supply of the steam S from the steam supply unit 23, flow control valve of the steam supply line L 1 close the V 1 to stop the supply of steam S to the heating medium M circulation line L (step ST24).
- the control unit 32 determines whether or not the recovered heat amount calculated by comparing the calculated recovered heat amount with a predetermined threshold value exceeds a predetermined range (step ST25). Then, the control unit 32, when the calculated quantity of heat recovered is greater than the predetermined range (step ST25: Yes), the bypass line flow control valve V 2 of the bypass line L 2 to open without using the heat recovery vessel 21 through L 2 circulating reheater 22 a portion of the heat medium M (step ST26). As a result, the heat exchanger 20 can prevent recovery of an excessive amount of heat from the exhaust gas G 2 introduced into the heat recovery unit 21, and thus the heat medium supplied to the preheating unit 221 of the reheater 22.
- step ST25 when the calculated quantity of heat recovered is not within the predetermined range (step ST25: No), the heating medium M without passing through the bypass line L 2 to close the flow control valve V 2 of the bypass line L 2 Is circulated between the reheater 22 and the heat recovery unit 21 (step ST27).
- a quantity of heat recovered from the exhaust gas G 2 which is introduced into the heat recovery vessel 21 is recovered in the heat recovery unit 21 on the basis of whether or not within a predetermined range, reheater and controls the supply of heating medium M 22 to the heat medium M of temperature and heat recovery unit 21 to be supplied to the preheating unit 221, the quantity of heat recovered from the exhaust gas G 2 is recovered in heat recovery unit 21 is a predetermined value or more even if it is possible to the temperature of the heating medium M fed quickly to the preheating unit 221 in response to a change in quantity of heat recovered from the exhaust gas G 2 is recovered by the heat recovery device 21 in a predetermined range.
- positioning structure of the tube 221a of the preheating part 221 of the reheater 22, the fin tube 222a of the low temperature heating part 222, and the fin tube 223a of the high temperature heating part 223 in the 1st Embodiment mentioned above and 2nd Embodiment. for it is not particularly limited as long as it can heat the exhaust gas G 6 which is introduced into the reheater 22 to a predetermined temperature.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the reheater 22.
- 6A schematically shows a vertical cross section with respect to the extending direction of the tube 221a and the fin tubes 222a and 223a in the preheating unit 221, the low temperature heating unit 222, and the high temperature heating unit 223 in the reheater 22.
- FIG. 6A schematically shows a vertical cross section with respect to the extending direction of the tube 221a and the fin tubes 222a and 223a in the preheating unit 221, the low temperature heating unit 222, and the high temperature heating unit 223 in the reheater 22.
- position so that it may become child shape.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating another example of the configuration of the reheater 22.
- 6B schematically shows a vertical cross section with respect to the extending direction of the tube 221a and the fin tubes 222a and 223a in the preheating unit 221, the low temperature heating unit 222, and the high temperature heating unit 223 in the reheater 22, similarly to FIG. 6A. It shows.
- the tube 221a and the fin tube 223a in the preheating unit 221 and the high-temperature heating unit 223 are each in a staggered pattern with respect to the flow directions of the exhaust gases G 6 and G 7 in a cross-sectional view.
- the fin tubes 222a of the low-temperature heating unit 222 are arranged so as to have a tetragonal lattice shape with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gases G 6 and G 7 in a sectional view.
- the example in which only the fin tubes 222a of the low-temperature heating unit 222 are arranged so as to have a tetragonal lattice shape has been described, but the fin tubes 223a of the high-temperature heating unit 223 are also arranged in a tetragonal lattice shape. Also good.
- the gas flow rate of the exhaust gas G 6 flowing through the high-temperature heating unit 223 is further improved, so that the exhaust gas G 6 can be efficiently heated and discharged as the exhaust gas G 7. It becomes possible to further reduce corrosion due to dust adhesion and mist on the tube 222a.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の第1の実施の形態に係る排ガス処理システム10の概略図である。図1に示すように、本実施の形態に係る排ガス処理システム10は、火力発電プラント及び化学プラントなどから排出される排ガスを処理して、排ガス中に含まれる窒素酸化物(NOx)、煤塵、及び硫黄酸化物(SOx)を除去して排出する排ガス処理システムである。
次に、本発明の第2の実施の形態について説明する。なお、以下においては、上述した第1の実施の形態との相違点を中心に説明し、説明の重複を避ける。
11 ボイラ
12 脱硝装置
13 エアヒータ
14 電気集塵機
15 送風機
16 脱硫装置
17 煙突
20 熱交換器
21 熱回収器
21a フィンチューブ
22 再加熱器
221 予熱部
222 低温加熱部
223 高温加熱部
221a チューブ
222a,223a フィンチューブ
G0,G1,G2,G3,G4,G5,G6,G7,G8 排ガス
L 循環ライン
L1 蒸気供給ライン
M 熱媒
P 送液ポンプ
S 蒸気
V1,V2 流量制御弁
Claims (8)
- 燃焼機関からの排ガスと熱媒が流れる伝熱管とを接触させる第1熱交換により前記熱媒に前記排ガスの熱を回収させる熱回収器と、
前記第1熱交換後の排ガスと前記第1熱交換後の前記熱媒が流れる伝熱管とを接触させる第2熱交換により前記第1熱交換後の排ガスを予熱する予熱部、及び、前記第2熱交換後の排ガスと前記第2熱交換後の前記熱媒とを接触させる第3熱交換により前記第2熱交換後の排ガスを加熱する加熱部を備えた再加熱器と、
前記熱回収器と前記再加熱器との間で前記熱媒を循環させる循環ラインと、
前記熱回収器における第1熱交換で前記排ガスから回収される回収熱量を算出し、算出した回収熱量に基づいて、前記第1熱交換後の前記熱媒の温度を所定範囲内に制御する制御部とを備えたことを特徴とする、熱交換器。 - 前記制御部は、前記熱交換器に導入される前記排ガスのガス温度、前記排ガスのガス流量、及び前記燃焼機関の稼働負荷からなる群から選択された少なくとも1種に基づいて前記回収熱量を算出する、請求項1に記載の熱交換器。
- 前記制御部は、前記回収熱量が所定値未満となった際に、前記第1熱交換後の前記熱媒を加熱する、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の熱交換器。
- 前記制御部は、前記第1熱交換後の前記熱媒に蒸気供給部から蒸気を供給して前記第1交換後の前記熱媒の温度を所定範囲内とする、請求項3に記載の熱交換器。
- 前記循環ラインは、前記熱交換器をバイパスするバイパスラインを備え、
前記制御部は、前記回収熱量が所定値を超えた際に、前記バイパスラインを介して前記熱媒を前記熱交換器と前記再加熱器との間で循環させることにより、前記熱媒の温度を所定範囲内とする、請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の熱交換器。 - 前記再加熱器は、前記加熱部の伝熱管が排ガスの流れ方向に対して四方格子状に配置された、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の熱交換器。
- 燃焼機関からの排ガスと熱媒が流れる伝熱管とを接触させる第1熱交換により前記熱媒に前記排ガスの熱を回収させる熱回収器と、
前記第1熱交換後の排ガスと前記第1熱交換後の前記熱媒が流れる伝熱管とを接触させる第2熱交換により前記第1熱交換後の前記熱媒の熱によって前記第1熱交換後の排ガスを予熱する予熱部、及び、前記第2熱交換後の排ガスと前記第2熱交換後の前記熱媒とを接触させる第3熱交換により前記第2熱交換後の排ガスを加熱する加熱部を備えた再加熱器と、を備えた熱交換器の制御方法であって、
前記熱回収部における第1熱交換で前記排ガスから回収される回収熱量を算出するステップと、
算出した前記回収熱量が所定値未満となった際に、前記第1熱交換後の前記熱媒を加熱して前記熱媒の温度を所定範囲内に制御するステップとを含むことを特徴とする、熱交換器の制御方法。 - さらに、算出した前記回収熱量が所定値超えとなった際に、前記熱回収器をバイパスするバイパスラインを介して前記熱媒を流すことにより前記熱媒の温度を所定範囲内に制御するステップとを含む、請求項7に記載の熱交換器の制御方法。
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US15/548,619 US10436096B2 (en) | 2015-02-05 | 2015-11-04 | Heat exchanger and method for controlling heat exchanger |
CN201580075318.9A CN107208888B (zh) | 2015-02-05 | 2015-11-04 | 热交换器以及热交换器的控制方法 |
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JP6718525B2 (ja) * | 2017-01-30 | 2020-07-08 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | ガスガス熱交換器 |
CN109028569B (zh) * | 2018-09-09 | 2024-01-05 | 无锡博众热能环保设备有限公司 | 一种烟气全循环热风炉 |
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JP7311990B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-22 | 2023-07-20 | 荏原環境プラント株式会社 | 排熱回収ボイラ及び排熱回収ボイラの伝熱管の温度の制御方法 |
CN111911947A (zh) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-11-10 | 邯郸学院 | 一种烟气除湿系统 |
JP7203069B2 (ja) * | 2020-09-08 | 2023-01-12 | 三菱重工パワー環境ソリューション株式会社 | 熱交換器および排煙処理装置 |
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CN107208888A (zh) | 2017-09-26 |
KR20170102515A (ko) | 2017-09-11 |
KR101892887B1 (ko) | 2018-10-04 |
US20180010504A1 (en) | 2018-01-11 |
EP3255340A1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
EP3255340A4 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
JP6632198B2 (ja) | 2020-01-22 |
CN107208888B (zh) | 2022-01-07 |
JP2016142515A (ja) | 2016-08-08 |
US10436096B2 (en) | 2019-10-08 |
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