WO2016124020A1 - 直线弛张筛 - Google Patents

直线弛张筛 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016124020A1
WO2016124020A1 PCT/CN2015/093994 CN2015093994W WO2016124020A1 WO 2016124020 A1 WO2016124020 A1 WO 2016124020A1 CN 2015093994 W CN2015093994 W CN 2015093994W WO 2016124020 A1 WO2016124020 A1 WO 2016124020A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
floating
screen frame
screen
frame
main screen
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PCT/CN2015/093994
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李刚
罗波
杨增旺
王成军
Original Assignee
江苏鹏飞集团股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2016124020A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016124020A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/42—Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/4609—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens constructional details of screening surfaces or meshes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/48—Stretching devices for screens
    • B07B1/485—Devices for alternately stretching and sagging screening surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
    • B07B2201/02—Fastening means for fastening screens to their frames which do not stretch or sag the screening surfaces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a linear relaxation sieve, in particular to a linear relaxation sieve suitable for a granular material having fine particles, high humidity and viscous screening.
  • linear relaxation screens are widely used in coal, mining, building materials, chemical, electric power and other industries.
  • the existing linear relaxation screen mainly consists of a main screen frame, a floating screen frame and an exciter.
  • the main screen frame and the floating screen frame are relatively movable, and the fixed beam on the main screen frame and the floating beam on the floating screen frame are staggered, and the fixed beam and the floating beam are connected through the screen.
  • the vibration exciter is fixedly mounted on the main screen frame, and its vibration principle is that two parallel shafts are synchronously reversed (ie, one clockwise counterclockwise) to generate linear vibration.
  • the driving device drives the exciter, and the inertial exciting force generated by the exciter causes the main screen frame to vibrate, and the exciting force is transmitted to the floating screen frame to make a reciprocating linear motion between the floating screen frame and the main screen frame. Due to the relative displacement between the main screen frame and the floating screen frame, the fixed beam and the floating beam are correspondingly displaced, so that the elastic screen is continuously tensioned and relaxed, and a relaxation motion is generated.
  • the inventors conducted a number of research and experiments and found that the trajectory of the screen surface of the existing linear relaxation sieve is a relaxation trajectory based on the linear reciprocating motion, and the screen surface basically exhibits a linear motion, and the excitation is changed abruptly.
  • the angle between the force and the screen surface causes the component distribution of the exciting force in the direction parallel to the screen surface and the direction of the vertical screen surface to change, so that the screening effect is deteriorated.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a linear relaxation sieve which can effectively avoid the paste screen phenomenon when sieving fine particles with large particle size, high humidity and viscosity.
  • the linear relaxation screen comprises a main screen frame, a floating screen frame, a flexible screen, an excitation mechanism and a support mechanism; the floating screen frame and the main screen frame are connected by a flexible component; the different positions of the same flexible screen are fixedly installed respectively a fixed beam of the main screen frame and a floating beam of the floating screen frame; the excitation mechanism is fixedly mounted on the main screen frame; the excitation mechanism comprises a polarization driving shaft block; wherein the main screen frame and the main screen frame
  • the connection between the support mechanisms is a flexible connection; all of the drive shafts rotate in the same direction; the excitation mechanism includes only the driven shaft that does not coincide with the direction of rotation of the drive shaft or does not include the driven shaft.
  • the linear relaxation screen, the driving shaft block comprises a bearing seat, a transmission bushing, a driving shaft, a motor and an eccentric block;
  • the bearing seat is fixedly mounted on the main screen frame;
  • the transmission bushing is fixedly connected with the bearing seat;
  • the drive shaft is inserted into the drive sleeve and rotatable within the drive sleeve;
  • the motor is coupled to the drive shaft via a universal joint;
  • the eccentric block is mounted on the drive shaft.
  • the above-mentioned linear relaxation screen is provided with two eccentric block groups composed of eccentric blocks on each of the driving shafts; the main screen frame is located between the two eccentric block groups.
  • each of the eccentric block groups is composed of two eccentric blocks; the two eccentric blocks of the same eccentric block group are relatively fixed in position and the angle between them is adjustable.
  • the main screen frame is mounted on the support mechanism by a rubber spring.
  • the linear relaxation screen comprises only one set of polarization driving shaft blocks, and the polarization driving shaft block is installed in the middle of the main screen frame.
  • the floating beam and the fixed beam are respectively mounted with buckles for mounting the flexible screen, and the openings of all the buckles are in the same plane.
  • the main screen frame comprises two side plates fixedly connected by a support pipe beam and a fixed beam mounted on the bottom of the side plate; the side plate is provided with an elongated floating screen frame mounting opening;
  • the floating screen frame includes two floating frames and a floating beam fixed on the floating frame; the floating beam passes through the floating screen frame mounting opening; and the side plate and the corresponding floating frame are connected by an elastic shear rubber block .
  • each fixed beam is adjacent to the floating beam and not adjacent to the fixed beam;
  • Each floating beam is adjacent to the fixed beam and not adjacent to the floating beam.
  • the floating beam and the floating frame are fixedly installed by a transition pad; the size of the transition pad in the floating screen frame installation port is smaller than the upper and lower spacing of the floating screen frame installation port;
  • the upper and lower ends of the spacer are respectively provided with lengths covering the upper and lower edge of the floating screen frame mounting opening; the floating frame is connected to the angle steel riveted to the side plate by the shearing rubber block.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
  • the screen surface of the invention changes the original movement mode, and avoids the phenomenon of sifting the sieve sieve when sieving fine particles, large humidity and viscous granular materials.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a linear relaxation screen of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the linear relaxation screen of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a linear relaxation screen excitation mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the installation of the flexible screen of the relaxation screen of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a linear relaxation screen comprising a main screen frame, a floating screen frame, a flexible screen 11 (not shown in FIG. 1), an excitation mechanism 7 and a support mechanism 9.
  • the main screen frame comprises two side plates 1 fixedly connected by the support pipe beam 3 and a fixed beam 4 installed on the bottom of the side plate 1; the side plate 1 is provided with an elongated floating screen frame mounting opening; the floating screen frame comprises two A floating frame 2 and a floating beam 5 fixed on the floating frame 2.
  • the floating beam 5 passes through the floating screen frame mounting opening.
  • the side panel 1 and the corresponding floating frame 5 are connected by an elastic shear rubber block 6 (see Fig. 3).
  • each of the fixed beams 4 is adjacent to the floating beam 5 and is not adjacent to the fixed beam 4; each of the floating beams 5 is adjacent to the fixed beam 4 and is not adjacent to the floating beam 5. In this way, the spacing of the floating beam 5 and the fixed beam 4 is achieved.
  • the two sides of the same flexible screen 11 are respectively mounted on the floating beam 5 and the fixed beam 4.
  • FIG. 4 The specific structure of a set of drive shaft blocks of the excitation mechanism 7 of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 4, including a bearing housing 14, a drive sleeve 13, a drive shaft 12, a motor 17 and an eccentric block 15.
  • the bearing housing 14 is two detachable flanges fixed by bolts, and a gap between the two flange plates is fixed between the two side flanges.
  • One of the flanges of the bearing housing 14 is fixedly mounted at one end of the transmission bushing 13.
  • a bearing seat 14 is mounted on each end of the drive bushing 13 for fixed connection with the two side plates 1 of the main screen frame.
  • the drive shaft 12 is inserted into the drive bushing 13 and is rotatable within the drive bushing 13.
  • the motor 17 see FIGS.
  • the two sets of eccentric blocks 15 are respectively mounted at positions where the drive shaft 12 is exposed at both ends of the bearing housing 14. Through such an eccentric block arrangement, it is possible to balance the vibration on both sides of the main screen frame to ensure an overall balance when the vibrating screen is operated.
  • Two eccentric blocks 15 on the same side of the same root axis constitute an eccentric block group; the two eccentric blocks 15 of the same group are relatively fixed in position and the angle between them is adjustable. The positional fixing and the adjustment of the angle of the eccentric block 15 in the same group are achieved by the positioning holes and the positioning bolts disposed on the two eccentric blocks 15.
  • the excitation mechanism 7 of the present embodiment includes only one set of polarization driving shaft blocks, and the polarization driving shaft block is installed in the middle of the side plate 1 of the main screen frame.
  • the exciting force generated by the polarizing active shaft block can be evenly dispersed to the front and the end of the main screen frame to ensure uniform force on the screen frame.
  • the main screen frame is mounted on the support mechanism 9 by a rubber spring 8.
  • the supporting mechanism 9 comprises a long supporting leg and a short supporting leg, and the combination of the long and short supporting legs makes the screen surface inclined, which is more favorable for the material to move on the screen surface.
  • the auxiliary support legs are also provided on the long support legs to form an auxiliary support for the long support legs, preventing the excitation force transmitted by the rubber springs 8 when the main screen frame is made into a circular motion, and causing damage to the long long support legs.
  • Support Both the mechanism 9 and the motor support frame 18 are bolted to the bottom surface or the base to prevent movement of the screen during operation.
  • the rubber spring 8 is not only an effect of the isolation vibration that is recognized by those skilled in the art using its compressive deformation property.
  • another function of the rubber spring 8 It is matched with the circular vibration mode of the main screen frame to provide a movable space for the circular track of the main screen frame.
  • the rubber spring 8 acts as an elastic structure to match the vibration mode of the main screen frame.
  • the material selection, the deformation property, the tensile and compressive properties, the shear resistance and the toughness of the elastic structure all affect the overall technical effect. Considering various factors in a comprehensive manner, the structure of the rubber spring is adopted in the technical solution of the invention to ensure the best matching effect.
  • a plurality of sets of polarizing drive shaft blocks parallel to the drive shaft may be mounted on the side plate 1 as an excitation mechanism, as long as all the rotation directions of the drive shafts are ensured to be consistent; the concept of the present invention can be realized, of course, including only An excitation mechanism of the driven shaft in which the driving shaft rotates in the same direction is also possible.
  • the floating beam 5 is mounted on the floating frame 2 through the floating screen frame mounting opening.
  • the floating beam 5 and the floating frame 2 are further provided with a transition piece 20; the three are fixed by bolts and nuts that cooperate with each other.
  • the size of the transition block 20 in the floating screen frame mounting opening is smaller than the upper and lower spacing of the floating screen frame mounting opening; to prevent the transition block 20 from affecting the relative movement of the main screen frame and the floating screen frame.
  • the upper and lower ends of the transition block 20 are respectively provided with wings respectively covering the upper and lower edges of the floating screen frame mounting opening; the presence of the wing not only can protect the upper/lower edge of the floating screen frame mounting opening, but also can The action of the limit prevents the floating screen frame from moving along the axis of the floating beam 5, and also prevents fine material particles from entering the floating screen frame mounting opening.
  • the transition block 20 can make the installation of the floating variable frame 20 and the floating beam 5 more secure, and can also reduce the wear of both.
  • the upper and lower sides of the floating frame 20 are respectively bent away to form an upper/lower mounting table, and the side plate 1 is mounted with two angled steels 21 parallel to the upper/lower mounting table. The angle steel 21 is mounted on the side panel 1 by rivets 19.
  • the shear rubber block 6 is mounted between the upper/lower mounting table and its associated angle steel 21.
  • the shear rubber block 6 can be deformed during operation to ensure relative movement of the main screen frame and the floating screen frame, and also provides a pulling force to urge the floating screen frame closer to the position of the main screen frame.
  • the mounting position of the flexible screen 11 on the floating screen frame 5 is also illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • a buckle 22 is mounted on both the floating beam 5 and the fixed beam 4.
  • the buckle 22 is formed by bending a profile channel, and the buckle 22 includes two side walls and the two side walls are tightened toward the middle to form an opening. Opening of all snaps 22 (including the buckles on the floating beam 5 and the buckles on the fixed beam 4)
  • the mouth is on the same plane.
  • the two sides of the same flexible screen 11 are respectively installed in the opening of the buckle 22 of the floating beam 5 and the opening of the buckle 22 of the fixed beam 4; and the two openings of the same buckle 22 are respectively provided with two flexible screens.
  • the motor drives the excitation mechanism through the universal joint, and the vibration mechanism drives the main screen frame to perform a circular motion under the cooperation of the rubber spring, and the main screen frame passes the rubber block during the movement.
  • Driving the floating screen frame movement because the shear rubber block can be deformed, the floating screen frame makes an elliptical motion different from the motion trajectory of the main screen frame.
  • the flexible screen fixedly mounted between the two performs a complex curve relaxation motion of the trajectory.
  • the surface of the screen is flexible, and in addition to the relaxation movement mode provided by the conventional relaxation screen, the middle portion of the screen is deformed.
  • the screen surface can also move in an all-round manner to make the screen mesh close to the portion of the buckle 22. Also deformed. Therefore, the present invention can achieve better technical effects than the prior art, and effectively solve the phenomenon of plugging and sieving.
  • the material to be sieved When in use, the material to be sieved is placed from the higher position feed port 10, and under the action of the vibration and gravity of the relaxation sieve, the small particle material is sieved and falls below the screen surface, and the remaining material is The screen faces are screened from the lower side of the relaxation screen.
  • the cause of the clogging of the linear relaxation screen which is not easy to block is the tension of the water film in the gap when the fine particles are held.
  • the particle group and the screen surface are connected by the tension of the water.
  • the linear vibrating screen of the present invention is not used, the particle group is separated from the screen surface mainly by the sieve. The force perpendicular to the screen surface generated when the net is relaxed.
  • the technical scheme of the invention makes the main screen frame do a circular motion by the cooperation of the rubber spring and the circular polarization type, and the floating screen frame is made into an elliptical motion, thereby ensuring that the flexible screen fixed between the two has a complicated trajectory. Curve relaxation movement.
  • the above-mentioned water-containing fine particle group is not directly stronger than the force perpendicular to the surface of the screen after being in contact with the screen surface. Separating from the surface of the screen, the small particle group moves along the screen surface without leaving the screen surface.
  • the linear relaxation screen of the technical solution of the present invention greatly alleviates the phenomenon of blocking screen and paste screen of the existing linear relaxation sieve when sieving fine particle materials.

Abstract

一种直线弛张筛，包括主筛框、浮动筛框、柔性筛网（11）、激振机构（7）和支撑机构（9）；浮动筛框与主筛框通过柔性组件连接；同一柔性筛网（11）的不同位置分别固定安装在主筛框的固定横梁（4）和浮动筛框的浮动横梁（5）上；激振机构（7）固定安装在主筛框上；激振机构（7）包括偏振主动轴组块；主筛框与支撑机构之间的连接为柔性连接；所有的主动轴转动方向一致；激振机构（7）仅包括与所述主动轴转动方向一致的从动轴或者不包含从动轴。该直线弛张筛的筛网面改变了原来的运动方式，避免了筛分颗粒细小、湿度较大且有粘性的颗粒物料时的堵筛糊筛的现象。

Description

直线弛张筛 技术领域
本发明涉及直线弛张筛，具体涉及适用于颗粒细小、湿度大且有粘性等筛分难度大的颗粒物料的直线弛张筛。
背景技术
作为一种高效的筛分机械，直线弛张筛广泛应用于煤炭、矿山、建材、化工、电力等行业。
现有的直线弛张筛主要由主筛框、浮动筛框和激振器组成。主筛框与浮动筛框可相对移动，主筛框上的固定横梁和浮动筛框上的浮动横梁交错布置，固定横梁与浮动横梁通过筛网连接。激振器固定安装在主筛框上，其振动原理为两根平行的轴同步逆向(即一个逆时针一个顺时针)转动，以此产生线性振动。工作时，驱动装置带动激振器，激振器产生的惯性激振力使主筛框发生振动，激振力传递至浮动筛框，使浮动筛框与主筛框之间做往复直线运动。由于主筛框和浮动筛框之间有相对位移，固定横梁和浮动横梁相应产生位移，从而使弹性筛网不断拉紧松弛，产生驰张运动。
颗粒细小、湿度较大且有粘性的颗粒物料在筛分时难度较大，使用现有的直线振动筛分这种物料时，仍旧存在由于颗粒的表面张力作用发生堵筛、糊筛的现象。为解决此问题，一般有两种途径：一是通过激振力与筛网面之间的角度；二是调整激振器从而加大激振力。而现有的直线弛张筛激振器的两根主轴位置关系均为相对固定，调整起来极为困难。所以，在实际生产中，一般通过调整激振器的方式来增加激振力，迫使主筛框做振幅更大的直线往复运动。这种方式虽然取得了一定效果，但仍不理想。
为解决上述问题，发明人进行了多次研究试验后发现，现有直线弛张筛的筛面运动轨迹为直线往复运动基础上的驰张轨迹，筛面基本呈现直线运动，冒然改变激振力与筛网面之间的角度会导致激振力在平行筛网面方向和垂直筛网面方向的分量分配改变，使得筛分效果变差。发明人在一次试验中偶然发现，改变筛网的运动轨迹取得了良好的防堵筛效果。
有鉴于此，特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术的不足，提供在筛分颗粒细小、湿度较大且有粘性的颗粒物料时有效避免糊筛现象的一种直线弛张筛。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用技术方案的基本构思是：
直线弛张筛，包括主筛框、浮动筛框、柔性筛网、激振机构和支撑机构；浮动筛框与主筛框通过柔性组件连接；同一所述柔性筛网的不同位置分别固定安装在主筛框的固定横梁和浮动筛框的浮动横梁上；所述激振机构固定安装在主筛框上；所述激振机构包括偏振主动轴组块；其特征在于，所述主筛框与支撑机构之间的连接为柔性连接；所有的主动轴转动方向一致；所述激振机构仅包括与所述主动轴转动方向一致的从动轴或者不包含从动轴。
上述直线弛张筛，主动轴组块包括轴承座、传动轴套、主动轴、电机和偏心块；所述轴承座固定安装在主筛框上；传动轴套与所述轴承座固定连接；所述主动轴插入所述传动轴套且可在所述传动轴套内转动；所述电机通过万向联轴器与主动轴连接；所述偏心块安装在主动轴上。
上述直线弛张筛，每根主动轴上安装有两个由偏心块组成的偏心块组；所述主筛框位于两个偏心块组之间。
上述直线弛张筛，每个所述偏心块组由两片偏心块组成；同一偏心块组的两片偏心块位置相对固定且它们之间的夹角可调。
上述直线弛张筛，所述主筛框通过橡胶弹簧安装在所述支撑机构上。
上述直线弛张筛，仅包含一套偏振主动轴组块，所述偏振主动轴组块安装于所述主筛框的中部。
上述直线弛张筛，所述浮动横梁和所述固定横梁上均安装有用于安装柔性筛网的卡扣，所有卡扣的开口处于同一平面。
上述直线弛张筛，所述主筛框包括通过支撑管梁固定连接的两个侧板和安装于侧板底部的固定横梁；侧板上设有长条状的浮动筛框安装口；所述浮动筛框包括两条浮动边框和固定在浮动边框上的浮动横梁；所述浮动横梁穿过所述浮动筛框安装口；所述侧板和相应的浮动边框之间通过弹性剪切橡胶块连接。
上述直线弛张筛，每根固定横梁都与浮动横梁相邻且不与固定横梁相邻； 每根浮动横梁都与固定横梁相邻且不与浮动横梁相邻。
上述直线弛张筛，所述浮动横梁和浮动边框之间通过过渡垫块固定安装；所述过渡垫块在浮动筛框安装口内的尺寸小于所述浮动筛框安装口的上下间距；所述过渡垫块的上、下两端分别设置有长度分别覆盖所述浮动筛框安装口上、下边缘护翼；所述浮动边框通过剪切橡胶块与铆接在侧板上的角钢连接。
采用上述技术方案后，本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果：
本发明的筛网面改变了原来的运动方式，避免了筛分颗粒细小、湿度较大且有粘性的颗粒物料时的堵筛糊筛的现象。
附图说明
图1是本发明直线弛张筛的结构示意图。
图2为本发明直线弛张筛的侧视图。
图3为图2中A-A方向的局部剖面放大图。
图4为本发明直线弛张筛激振机构的结构示意图。
图5为本发明弛张筛柔性筛网的安装示意图。
图中：
1、侧板；2、；3、；4、固定横梁；5、浮动横梁；6、剪切橡胶块；7、激振机构；8、橡胶弹簧；9、支撑机构；10、进料口；11、柔性筛网；12、主动轴；13、传动轴套；14、轴承座；15、偏心块；16、万向联轴器；17、电机；18、电机支撑架；19、铆钉；20、过渡垫块；21、角钢；22、卡扣。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例，对本发明作进一步说明，以助于理解本发明的内容。
如图1所示，本发明提供了一种直线弛张筛，包括主筛框、浮动筛框、柔性筛网11(图1中未示出)、激振机构7和支撑机构9。主筛框包括通过支撑管梁3固定连接的两个侧板1和安装于侧板1底部的固定横梁4；侧板1上设有长条状的浮动筛框安装口；浮动筛框包括两条浮动边框2和固定在浮动边框2上的浮动横梁5。浮动横梁5穿过浮动筛框安装口。侧板1和相应的浮动边框5之间通过弹性剪切橡胶块6连接(参见图3)。如此设置，主筛 框和浮动筛框之间得以在较小的活动空间内实现相对运动(主筛框和浮动筛框之间的相对运动不会占用额外的空间)。在图1中，每根固定横梁4都与浮动横梁5相邻且不与固定横梁4相邻；每根浮动横梁5都与固定横梁4相邻且不与浮动横梁5相邻。这样，实现浮动横梁5和固定横梁4的间隔排布。同一柔性筛网11两边分别安装在浮动横梁5和固定横梁4上，在浮动筛框和主筛框做相对运动时，相邻的浮动横梁5和固定横梁4的间距因上述相对运动而变化，从而安装在上述浮动横梁5和固定横梁4上的柔性筛网做张紧/松弛运动。
图4中展示了图1中的激振机构7的一组主动轴组块的具体结构，包括轴承座14、传动轴套13、主动轴12、电机17和偏心块15。轴承座14为两片通过螺栓固定的可拆卸法兰盘，两片法兰盘之间设有固定侧板1的空隙。轴承座14的其中一片法兰盘固定安装在传动轴套13的一端。传动轴套13两端各安装有一个轴承座14，以便与主筛框的两侧板1固定连接。主动轴12插入传动轴套13且可在所述传动轴套13内转动。固定设置于电机支撑架18上的电机17(参见图1和图2)通过万向联轴器16与主动轴12连接，以此保证电机17在电机轴和主动轴12不同心的情况下也能合理驱动主动轴12转动。根据图4所示，两组偏心块15分别安装在主动轴12露出轴承座14的两端的位置上。通过这样的偏心块设置，能够平衡主筛框的两侧振动，保证振动筛工作时达到整体平衡。位于同根轴上同一侧的两片偏心块15组成偏心块组；同组的两片偏心块15位置相对固定且它们之间的夹角可调。上述的同组内的偏心块15的位置固定和夹角的调整是通过设置在分设在两偏心块15上的定位孔和定位螺栓配合实现的。
正如图1和图2所示，本实施例的激振机构7仅包含一套偏振主动轴组块，偏振主动轴组块安装于主筛框的侧板1中部。如此一来偏振主动轴组块产生的激振力能够均匀分散到主筛框首尾，保证筛框受力均匀。主筛框通过橡胶弹簧8安装在支撑机构9上。支撑机构9包括长支撑腿和短支撑腿，长短支撑腿的组合使筛面成倾斜设置，更加利于物料在筛网面上移动。长支撑腿上还设置有辅助支撑腿，对长支撑腿形成辅助支撑，防止主筛框做类圆形运动时通过橡胶弹簧8传递来的激振力，对较长的长支撑腿造成损坏。支撑 机构9和电机支撑架18均通过螺栓固接在底面或基座上，以避免筛子工作时移动。橡胶弹簧8在本实施例中并不仅仅是为本领域技术人员所认知的利用其抗压变形性质起到的隔离振动的作用，在本发明的技术方案中，橡胶弹簧8的另一作用是与主筛框的类圆形的振动方式配合，为主筛框的类圆形轨迹提供一个可活动的空间。橡胶弹簧8作为一个弹性结构与主筛框的振动方式配合，而对这一弹性结构的材料选择，其形变性质、抗拉抗压性质、抗剪切性质和韧性强度都会影响到整体的技术效果，综合考虑各方面因素，本发明的技术方案中采用了橡胶弹簧这一结构来保证达到最好的配合效果。
同理，也可在侧板1上安装多组主动轴平行的偏振主动轴组块作为激振机构，只要保证所有的主动轴转动方向一致；就可实现本发明的构思，当然采用仅包括与主动轴转动方向一致的从动轴的激振机构也是可行的。
如图3所示，浮动横梁5穿过浮动筛框安装口安装在浮动边框2上，浮动横梁5和浮动边框2还设有一层过渡垫块20；三者通过互相配合的螺栓和螺母固定。过渡垫块20在浮动筛框安装口内的尺寸小于所述浮动筛框安装口的上下间距；以避免过渡垫块20在主筛框和浮动筛框相对运动时产生影响。过渡垫块20的上、下两端分别设置有长度分别覆盖所述浮动筛框安装口上、下边缘的护翼；护翼的存在，不仅能够保护浮动筛框安装口上/下边缘，而且能起到限位的作用，防止浮动筛框在沿浮动横梁5轴线的方向移动，还能够避免细小的物料颗粒进入浮动筛框安装口。过渡垫块20可使浮动变边框20与浮动横梁5的安装更加牢固，也能减少二者的磨损。浮动边框20上下两边分别向远离弯曲形成上/下安装台，在侧板1安装有两条上/下安装台平行的角钢21。角钢21通过铆钉19安装在侧板1上。剪切橡胶块6安装在上/下安装台和与其配套的角钢21之间。剪切橡胶块6能够在工作时变形，保证主筛框和浮动筛框产生相对移动，同时也提供一个拉力，促使浮动筛框向主筛框的位置靠近。
图3中还示意出了柔性筛网11在浮动筛框5上的安装位置，为更好理解本技术方案，请参见图5。浮动横梁5和固定横梁4上均安装有卡扣22。卡扣22为型材槽钢弯曲而成，卡扣22包括两侧壁且这两侧壁向中间收紧形成开口。所有卡扣22(包括浮动横梁5上的卡扣和固定横梁4上的卡扣)的开 口处于同一平面上。使用时，同一柔性筛网11两边分别安装在浮动横梁5的卡扣22开口内和固定横梁4的卡扣22开口内；而同一卡扣22的开口内均卡有两张柔性筛网。
采用本实施例的技术方案工作时，电机通过万向联轴器驱动激振机构，振动机构带动主筛框在橡胶弹簧的配合下做类圆运动，主筛框在运动时通过剪切橡胶块带动浮动筛框运动，由于剪切橡胶块能够变形，因此浮动筛框做不同于主筛框运动轨迹的类椭圆运动。而固定安装在二者之间的柔性筛网则做轨迹复杂的曲线张弛运动。筛网表面为柔性，除了常规弛张筛提供的张弛运动方式，使筛网中部变形外，在本技术方案中，筛网面还能够全方位的曲线运动，使筛网靠近卡扣22的部分也得以变形。因此，本发明才能够达到比现有技术更好的技术效果，有效解决堵筛、糊筛的现象。
使用时，将待筛分物料从位置较高的进料口10放入，在弛张筛的振动和重力作用下，小颗粒物料被筛分后落到筛网面下方，剩余的物料则被筛面阻挡从弛张筛的较低侧出筛。
仅从表面现象观察，本领域的技术人员一般认为，筛网发生堵筛糊筛的现象是筛网被大颗粒物料阻碍从而导致网眼变小，而后本来能从网眼通过的较小的物料颗粒在堆积在缝隙中，从而出现堵筛糊筛的现象。
发明人研究后发现，造成本来就不易堵塞的直线弛张筛也会出现堵塞的原因，就在于细小颗粒抱团时间隙内的水膜的张力。当包含水分的细小颗粒团与柔性筛网表面接触时，颗粒团与筛网面被水的张力连结，在未采用本发明的直线振动筛工作时，颗粒团与筛网面脱离主要是靠筛网张弛时产生的垂直于筛网面的力，这种方式下颗粒团和筛网面之间的水膜表面张力作用下，小颗粒团与筛网面很难分离，如此，过多的小颗粒团堆积不仅使得筛网的网孔变小，更使得不能通过网眼的大颗粒物料脱离筛网表面困难(水膜张力作用)。因而造成堵筛、糊筛的现象。
本发明的技术方案通过橡胶弹簧和类圆周偏振方式的配合，使主筛框做类圆运动，浮动筛框做类椭圆运动，进而保证固定在二者之间的柔性筛网则做轨迹复杂的曲线张弛运动。在本发明技术方案的直线弛张筛工作时，上文所涉及含水细小颗粒团在与筛网面接触后并非被垂直于筛网表面的力直接强 制脱离筛网表面，而是该小颗粒团在未脱离筛网面时随着筛网面做类圆弧运动，此时，由于小颗粒团的运动轨迹与筛网面之间并非垂直，并且，柔性的筛网表面有张弛作用，因此在惯性的作用下小颗粒团会沿着筛网表面与产生相对滑动，这样一来，小颗粒团不会固着于筛网表面的同一点。而将小颗粒团从与之有相对运动的筛网表面剥离则比上文现有技术的剥离方式要容易得多。在本实施例中，小颗粒团会沿着筛网表面的切线方向滑出，脱离小筛网表面。因此，本发明技术方案的直线弛张筛大大缓解了现有直线弛张筛在筛分细小颗粒物料时的堵筛、糊筛现象。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 直线弛张筛，包括主筛框、浮动筛框、柔性筛网(11)、激振机构(7)和支撑机构(9)；所述浮动筛框与主筛框通过柔性组件连接；同一所述柔性筛网(11)的不同位置分别固定安装在主筛框的固定横梁(4)和浮动筛框的浮动横梁(5)上；所述激振机构(7)固定安装在主筛框上；所述激振机构(7)包括偏振主动轴组块；其特征在于，所述主筛框与支撑机构之间的连接为柔性连接；所有的主动轴转动方向一致；所述激振机构(7)仅包括与所述主动轴转动方向一致的从动轴或者不包含从动轴。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的直线弛张筛，其特征在于，所述主动轴组块包括轴承座(14)、传动轴套(13)、主动轴(12)、电机(17)和偏心块(15)；所述轴承座(14)固定安装在主筛框上；传动轴套(13)与所述轴承座(14)固定连接；所述主动轴(12)插入所述传动轴套(13)且可在所述传动轴套(13)内转动；所述电机(17)通过万向联轴器(16)与主动轴(12)连接；所述偏心块(15)安装在主动轴(12)上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的直线弛张筛，其特征在于，每根主动轴(12)上安装有两个由偏心块(15)组成的偏心块组；所述主筛框位于两个偏心块组之间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的直线弛张筛，其特征在于，每个所述偏心块组由两片偏心块(15)组成；同一偏心块组的两片偏心块(15)位置相对固定且它们之间的夹角可调。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的直线弛张筛，其特征在于，所述主筛框通过橡胶弹簧(8)安装在所述支撑机构(9)上。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的直线弛张筛，其特征在于，仅包含一套偏振主动轴组块，所述偏振主动轴组块安装于所述主筛框的中部。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的直线弛张筛，其特征在于，所述浮动横梁(5)和所述固定横梁(4)上均安装有用于安装柔性筛网(11)的卡扣(22)，所有卡扣的开口处于同一平面。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一所述的直线弛张筛，其特征在于，所述主筛框包括通过支撑管梁(3)固定连接的两个侧板(1)和安装于侧板(1)底部的 固定横梁(4)；侧板(1)上设有长条状的浮动筛框安装口；
    所述浮动筛框包括两条浮动边框(2)和固定在浮动边框(2)上的浮动横梁(5)；所述浮动横梁(5)穿过所述浮动筛框安装口；所述侧板(1)和相应的浮动边框(5)之间通过弹性剪切橡胶块(6)连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的直线弛张筛，其特征在于，每根固定横梁(4)都与浮动横梁(5)相邻且不与固定横梁(4)相邻；每根浮动横梁(5)都与固定横梁(4)相邻且不与浮动横梁(5)相邻。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的直线弛张筛，其特征在于，所述浮动横梁(5)和浮动边框(2)之间通过过渡垫块(20)固定安装；所述过渡垫块(20)在浮动筛框安装口内的尺寸小于所述浮动筛框安装口的上下间距；所述过渡垫块(20)的上、下两端分别设置有长度分别覆盖所述浮动筛框安装口上、下边缘护翼；所述浮动边框(20)通过剪切橡胶块(6)与铆接在侧板(1)上的角钢(21)连接。
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CN115072957A (zh) * 2022-05-19 2022-09-20 华南机械制造有限公司 重型高频脱水筛

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