WO2016121982A1 - 伸縮シートの製造方法 - Google Patents
伸縮シートの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016121982A1 WO2016121982A1 PCT/JP2016/052812 JP2016052812W WO2016121982A1 WO 2016121982 A1 WO2016121982 A1 WO 2016121982A1 JP 2016052812 W JP2016052812 W JP 2016052812W WO 2016121982 A1 WO2016121982 A1 WO 2016121982A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sheet layer
- elastic film
- sheet
- stretchable
- joint
- Prior art date
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
- A61F13/45—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the shape
- A61F13/49—Absorbent articles specially adapted to be worn around the waist, e.g. diapers
- A61F13/49007—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers
- A61F13/49009—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means
- A61F13/49011—Form-fitting, self-adjusting disposable diapers with elastic means the elastic means is located at the waist region
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- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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- A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
- A61F13/15699—Forming webs by bringing together several webs, e.g. by laminating or folding several webs, with or without additional treatment of the webs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
- B29C65/083—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
- B29C65/086—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using a rotary anvil
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- A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
- A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
- A61F13/512—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its apertures, e.g. perforations
- A61F13/5123—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its apertures, e.g. perforations the apertures being formed on a multilayer top sheet
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a stretchable sheet in which a first sheet layer and a second sheet layer sandwich an elastic film.
- an absorbent article for example, a disposable diaper
- stretchability in order to improve fit to the body surface, it is common to impart stretchability to appropriate places such as around the legs and around the trunk.
- a method for imparting stretchability conventionally, a method of fixing an elongated elastic stretchable member such as rubber thread in a stretched state in the longitudinal direction has been widely adopted, but it is desired to impart stretchability to a certain width. In such a case, a mode is adopted in which the rubber thread is fixed in a state of being arranged side by side with an interval in the width direction.
- an elastic sheet having a structure of nonwoven fabric / elastomer film / nonwoven fabric has been proposed as a material that gives a stretchability by pressing on a surface stripe instead of a plurality of thread rubbers arranged in parallel.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Document 1
- Patent Document 1 discloses a perforated form that forms holes penetrating the first outer layer, the second outer layer, and the entire elastic film in addition to a non-porous form in which holes are not formed in the first outer layer, the second outer layer, and the entire elastic film Also disclosed.
- Patent Document 1 supplies an elastic film (elastomer) that expands and contracts in the continuous MD direction having a higher melting point or no melting point between the first outer layer and the second outer layer.
- the first outer layer and the second outer layer are directly bonded by welding at the position, and then a pulling force is applied in the CD direction to penetrate the first outer layer, the elastic film, and the entire second outer layer at the bonding site. A hole is formed.
- the stretchable sheet When the stretchable sheet is used as a non-porous form, for example, when used as a sheet constituting the back of a disposable diaper, there is a problem in that there is no air permeability and stuffiness occurs.
- the perforated form is breathable, it is presumed that there is a possibility of breakage when an excessive extension force acts on the stretchable sheet.
- the main problem of the present invention is that it is possible to obtain a stretchable sheet that is air permeable due to the presence of the through holes and that does not have holes formed in the outer layer.
- the present invention that has solved the above problems is as follows.
- the method for producing the stretchable elastic sheet of the present invention is as follows.
- the elastic film is interposed between the first sheet layer and the second sheet layer in a stretched state, and heat is applied from outside the first sheet layer and the second sheet layer.
- Thermal melting energy is applied to a large number of joint regions spaced apart by a melting device, the elastic film is melted, and the first sheet layer and the second sheet layer are joined directly or via an elastic film to a large number of joint portions.
- a through hole can be formed at least at the boundary portion between the elastic film and the joining portion in the machine direction. The reason why the through hole is formed will be described in detail later.
- the heat melting apparatus has an anvil roll and an ultrasonic horn, and the anvil roll has a plurality of protrusions formed on the outer surface thereof spaced apart in the roll length direction and the outer peripheral direction. Bonding can be performed with a sonic horn. Instead of the ultrasonic heat melting apparatus, other heat melting means may be used.
- the elastic film is passed through a nip roll step of an anvil roll and a nip roll facing the anvil roll, and the anvil roll is circulated following the nip.
- the first sheet layer, the elastic film, and the second sheet layer can be joined by the anvil roll and an ultrasonic horn disposed opposite to the nip at a downstream position.
- a pair of nips facing each other is provided with a nip roll step arranged in the front-rear direction, and the front and rear nip roll steps mutually increase the peripheral speed of the front nip roll step from the peripheral speed of the rear nip roll step, It is also possible to supply the elastic film to the supplying step in an extended state.
- An example of the arrangement of the joints is a staggered pattern.
- the difference in elastic film strength occurs between the joined part and the non-joined part. Therefore, after the stretched state of the stretch sheet holding the extension is once released and contracted to obtain a product; or after the stretch sheet holding the stretch is combined with another member, the stretched state is once released and contracted.
- the product is stretched mechanically or manually in the expansion / contraction direction, breakage occurs at the boundary between the joined portion and the non-joined portion. As a result, a through hole is formed.
- the through holes do not need to be formed in all the joints, and exhibit air permeability even if formed in some of the joints.
- the through hole has a shape extending in the machine direction from the edge of the joint.
- the through hole has a shape extending in both directions from the edge of the joint, and in some cases around the joint May have an annular shape.
- the elastic film of the present invention generally uses an elastomer, it can expand and contract in the machine direction (MD) and the orthogonal direction (CD).
- the joining portion is provided with a longer length in the orthogonal direction (width direction: CD) than the machine direction (MD) length.
- the elastic film preferably has a melting point of about 80 to 145 ° C.
- the first sheet layer and the second sheet layer have a melting point of about 85 to 190 ° C., particularly about 130 to 190 ° C.
- the difference between the melting points of the first sheet layer and the second sheet layer and the melting point of the elastic film 30 having a lower melting point is preferably about 50 to 80 ° C.
- the melting point of the elastic film is 95 to 125 ° C.
- the melting point of the first sheet layer is more than 125 ° C. to 160 ° C., more preferably 130 to 160 ° C.
- the melting point of the second sheet layer is 125. More than 160 ° C. to 160 ° C., more preferably 130 to 160 ° C.
- the area of the joint portion in the stretchable region is 0.14 to 3.5 mm 2
- the area of the opening of the through hole in the natural length state is 1 to 1 of the area of the joint portion.
- the area ratio of the joint in the stretchable region is 1.8 to 22.5%.
- the “area ratio” means the ratio of the target portion to the unit area, and the total area of the target portion (for example, joints and openings of through holes) in the target region (for example, the stretchable region) is the area of the target region.
- the “joint area ratio” means the area ratio in a state of being stretched to the elastic limit in the stretching direction.
- the area of the opening of the through hole means a value in a state in which the stretchable structure is in a natural length, and the area of the opening of the through hole is not uniform in the thickness direction, such as different between the front and back of the elastic film. Means the minimum value.
- the joint area ratio in the present specification can be selected by selecting the size, shape, separation interval, arrangement pattern in the roll length direction and roll circumferential direction, etc. of the protrusions of the anvil roll described later.
- the “elongation stress” to be described later is a tensile test in which the initial chuck interval (distance between marked lines) is 50 mm and the tensile speed is 300 mm / min according to JIS K7127: 1999 “Plastics—Testing method of tensile properties”. Means “stress when stretched to 50% of elastic limit (N / 35 mm)”. When a test piece having a width of 35 mm cannot be cut out, the test piece is created with a width that can be cut out, and the measured value is set to a value converted into a width of 35 mm. If the target area is small and sufficient specimens cannot be collected, a comparatively small specimen can be compared at least if it is a comparison of stretching stress.
- the elastic film when the first sheet layer and the second sheet layer are formed of, for example, a nonwoven fabric, the elastic film has air permeability as a stretchable sheet due to the presence of the through holes. Moreover, since no holes are formed in both outer layers, there are also advantages such as excellent appearance.
- the elastic sheet of the present invention can be used for absorbent articles that absorb and retain body fluids such as disposable diapers, sanitary napkins, and absorbent pads.
- the stretchable sheet is formed between the first sheet layer 21 made of, for example, a non-woven fabric that does not have stretchability, and the second sheet layer 22 made of, for example, a non-woven fabric that does not have stretchability.
- the elastic film 30 that can be expanded and contracted in the front-rear direction is laminated, and the first sheet layer 21 and the second sheet layer 22 are directly or via the elastic film 30 with a large number of joints 40 spaced apart from each other. Are joined together.
- “the first sheet layer 21 and the second sheet layer 22 are not stretchable” does not mean that the first sheet layer 21 and the second sheet layer 22 are not stretched at all. It means not.
- the first sheet layer 21, the elastic film 30, and the second sheet are disposed between the anvil roll 60 having the protrusions 60 a formed in a predetermined pattern on the outer surface and the ultrasonic horn 61.
- the sheet layer 22 is supplied, and ultrasonic melting energy is applied by the ultrasonic horn 61.
- the elastic film 30 is mainly melted to join the first sheet layer 21 and the second sheet layer 22.
- it explains in full detail later.
- the elastic film 30 While holding the elastic film 30 on the nip roll 63, the elastic film 30 can be passed through the nip roll stage with the anvil roll 60 facing the elastic film 30, and the anvil roll 60 can be passed around the nip. At this time, by selecting a speed difference that makes the peripheral speed of the driving and rotating anvil roll 60 faster than the peripheral speed of the nip roll 63, the elongation rate in the manufacturing process of the elastic film 30 (when the length of the natural state is 100%) Can be set.
- the peripheral speed of the anvil roll 60 that is driven to rotate can be made faster than the peripheral speed of the rear drive roll 62, and the speed difference between the rolls can be extended.
- Reference numeral 64 denotes a guide roller.
- FIG. 6 schematically shows a cross section of the stretchable sheet after joining in the stretched state (however, no through-hole has been formed yet).
- the stretchable sheet contracts due to the contraction force of the elastic film 30, and can be expanded when an external force is applied. Therefore, when the expansion / contraction direction of this stretchable sheet is matched with, for example, the front / rear direction of the disposable diaper, the disposable diaper can be expanded / contracted in the front / rear direction.
- the expansion / contraction direction is made to coincide with the width direction of the disposable diaper, the disposable diaper can expand / contract in the waist or waist direction.
- the stretchable sheet obtained by cutting the web of the stretchable sheet and then cutting it to a desired area can be applied to a predetermined part of the product.
- conventional disposable diapers it is generally performed by fixing a plurality of thread rubbers in parallel to the sheet, but this reduces quality due to deterioration of thread rubber and hot melt adhesive for fixing to the sheet, In addition, it is inferior in terms of stable productivity during production.
- the first sheet layer 21 and the second sheet layer 22 are joined by melting the elastic film 30.
- the bonding mode between the layers is not limited to these examples.
- the first sheet layer 21 and the second sheet layer 22 are joined directly, that is, without interposing an elastic film.
- the above aspects (1) to (3) are cases where the melting point of the elastic film 30 is lower than the melting points of the first sheet layer 21 and the second sheet layer 22, but the melting point of the elastic film 30 is the first sheet layer. 21 and / or higher than the melting point of the second sheet layer 22.
- the elastic film 30 side surface portion of the first sheet layer 21 and / or the second sheet layer 22 is activated or melted and joined to the elastic film 30.
- the elastic film 30 may be partly melted, and the first sheet layer 21 and / or the second sheet layer 22 may be joined by melting.
- the 1st sheet layer 21 and / or the 2nd sheet layer 22 are nonwoven fabrics, and the fiber may have a core-sheath structure. In this case, for example, only the sheath component of the fiber can be melted and contribute to the joining.
- the shape, size and arrangement of the joints are uniform, and the ratio of the total area of the joints included in the unit area of the region to the unit area, that is, the joint area ratio You can choose.
- the joint area ratio is a percentage of the total area of the joints 40, 40... Included in the unit area S.
- the unit area S in this case is desirably set to a size that includes 10 or more joints (it is difficult to compare the stretching stress with a small number).
- 13 joint portions are included.
- the external shape which defines unit area S may be other shapes, such as a rectangle and a circle, besides a square.
- An example of the joint 40 is a circle shown in FIG. Of course, the shape may be an ellipse or a rectangle. In FIG.
- Lm is an arrangement interval length in the machine direction
- Lc is an arrangement interval length in an orthogonal direction (cross direction: CD) orthogonal to the machine direction
- Pm is a machine direction (pitch length of MD (and Pc is an orthogonal direction (cross direction)).
- CD pitch length
- the expansion stress is in the relationship of A> B by setting the joint area ratio to A ⁇ B.
- the case A when the pitch length Pm and the pitch length Pc are long and A is compared with the case B when the pitch length Pm and the pitch length Pc are short, the case A (when the joint area ratio is low) is long.
- the pitch length Pm ⁇ Pc when the pitch length Pm ⁇ Pc is short, the elongation ratio is larger than that in B (when the joint area ratio is high).
- the stretching stress has a relationship of A> B.
- the form of FIG. 2 differs in the extensional stress in the lateral direction of FIG.
- the B region having a small expansion and contraction stress is arranged before and after the intermediate region A in the front-rear direction.
- the front and rear B regions and the B region can correspond to, for example, front and rear end portions of the disposable diaper. Since the stretching stress is small at the front and rear end portions, the shape stability is good. It becomes easy to attach to.
- the difference in the joint area ratio can be achieved by changing the joint area in addition to the density of the arrangement pattern.
- FIG. 4 shows an example in which a large number of small junctions are arranged in the region C so as to have the same junction area as the region D.
- the elastic film Physical properties such as thickness, material, strain / stress characteristics, melting point, etc. of the elastic film can be selected as appropriate. By selecting the relationship between this elastic film, the ultrasonic melting energy applied thereto, and the elongation rate of the elastic film at the time of manufacturing the stretchable sheet, as shown in FIG. 31 can be formed.
- the first sheet layer 21 and the second sheet layer 22 are formed of, for example, a nonwoven fabric, the nonwoven fabric exhibits air permeability. Therefore, for example, when used as an outer sheet or an outer sheet of a disposable diaper, the air permeability is good.
- the reason why the ventilation through hole 31 is formed is not necessarily clear, but the elastic film 30 is melted by the ultrasonic melting energy, and the connecting portion 40 is thinned by the pressing by the projection 60 a of the anvil roll 60. At this time, the elastic film 30 is also thinned, the peripheral portion of the joint portion 40 reaches the breaking strength, the breakage is started by the stretching stress acting on the stretched elastic film 3, shrinks to the balance point, and opens. it is conceivable that.
- FIG. 11 schematically shows an example of forming the through hole 31 in the case of a circular through hole.
- a substantially crescent-shaped through hole 31 is formed on both sides of the connecting portion 40 in the machine direction (extension direction).
- the connecting portion can have a long shape in a direction (cross direction: CD) orthogonal to the extension direction (machine direction: MD).
- cross direction: CD cross direction
- MD machine direction
- a semicircular through hole 31 that is greatly opened can be formed, and this is a preferable method when it is desired to improve air permeability.
- the through holes 31 it is not essential for the through holes 31 to be formed in all the coupling portions. If it is required to reliably form the through hole 31 or make a large opening, the method shown in FIG. 13 can be adopted. That is, as shown in FIG. 13B, the stretchable sheet in which the coupling portion 40 is formed is passed between a pair of rolls 64 having protrusions or protrusions 64a, and between the adjacent protrusions 64a and 64a.
- the through-hole 31 can be formed by biting the protrusion 64a of the other roll 64 and applying a deformation force to the stretchable sheet.
- each joint part 40 and the through-hole 31 is arbitrary, such as a perfect circle, an ellipse, polygons, such as a rectangle (including a linear or rounded thing), a star shape, a cloud shape, etc. It can be made into the shape.
- the size of each joint 40 may be determined as appropriate, but if it is too large, the effect of the hardness of the joint 40 on the feel will increase, and if it is too small, the joint area will be small and the materials will not be sufficiently bonded together. Therefore, in general, the area of each joint 40 is preferably about 0.14 to 3.5 mm 2 .
- the opening area of each through-hole 31 may be equal to or greater than the joint because the joint is formed through the through-hole 31, but is preferably about 1 to 1.5 times the area of the joint.
- middle can also be formed.
- the area and the area ratio of each joint 40 in each region are preferably set as follows.
- Non-stretchable area Area of the joint 40: 0.14 to 3.5 mm 2 (particularly 0.25 to 1.0 mm 2 ) Area ratio of the joint 40: 16 to 45% (especially 25 to 45%) (Main stretchable part) Area of the joint 40: 0.14 to 3.5 mm 2 (particularly 0.14 to 1.0 mm 2 ) Area ratio of the joint 40: 1.8 to 19.1% (particularly 1.8 to 10.6%) (Transition expansion / contraction part) Area of the joint 40: 0.14 to 3.5 mm 2 (particularly 0.25 to 1.0 mm 2 ) Area ratio of the joint 40: 8 to 22.5% (especially 12.5 to 22.5%)
- the plane arrangement of the joints 40 and the through-holes 31 can be determined as appropriate, but a plane arrangement that is regularly repeated is preferable, such as an oblique lattice shape as shown in FIG. 14 (a) or as shown in FIG. 14 (b). Hexagonal lattice shape (these are also called staggered shapes), a square lattice shape as shown in FIG. 14 (c), a rectangular lattice shape as shown in FIG. 14 (d), and a parallel shape as shown in FIG. 14 (e). Body lattice (in the form shown in the figure, two groups are provided so that a large number of groups of parallel diagonal rows intersect each other), etc.
- the group of joints 40 (in which these are inclined at an angle of less than 90 degrees with respect to the expansion / contraction direction)
- group of joints 40 (group unit arrangement may be regular or irregular, and may be a pattern, a character shape, etc.) shall be regularly repeated. You can also.
- the arrangement form of the joint portion 40 and the through-hole 31 may be the same in the main stretchable portion, the transition stretchable portion, and the non-stretchable region, or may be different.
- the elastic film 30 is not particularly limited, and can be used without particular limitation as long as it is a resin film having its own elasticity.
- a styrene-based elastomer, an olefin-based elastomer, a polyester-based elastomer, a polyamide-based elastomer, and a polyurethane-based film can be used.
- a product obtained by processing one or two or more blends of thermoplastic elastomers such as elastomers into a film by extrusion molding such as a T-die method or an inflation method can be used.
- the elastic film 30 the thing in which many holes and slits were formed for ventilation other than a non-porous thing can also be used.
- the tensile strength in the stretching direction is 8 to 25 N / 35 mm
- the tensile strength in the direction perpendicular to the stretching direction is 5 to 20 N / 35 mm
- the tensile elongation in the stretching direction is 450 to 1050%
- the direction perpendicular to the stretching direction is preferable.
- the tensile strength and tensile elongation were determined according to JIS K7127 except that a tensile tester (for example, AOUTGRAPHAGS-G100N manufactured by SHIMADZU) was used and the test piece was a rectangular shape having a width of 35 mm and a length of 80 mm.
- a tensile tester for example, AOUTGRAPHAGS-G100N manufactured by SHIMADZU
- the thickness of the elastic film 30 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 20 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the basis weight of the elastic film 30 is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 30 to 45 g / m 2 , particularly preferably about 30 to 35 g / m 2 .
- Elongation rate means a value when the natural length is 100%.
- Weight is measured as follows. After the sample or test piece has been pre-dried, it is left in a test room or apparatus in a standard state (test location is temperature 20 ⁇ 5 ° C., relative humidity 65% or less) to obtain a constant weight. Pre-drying refers to making a sample or test piece constant in an environment where the relative humidity is 10 to 25% and the temperature does not exceed 50 ° C. In addition, it is not necessary to perform preliminary drying about the fiber whose official moisture content is 0.0%.
- test and measurement shall be performed in a test room or equipment in the standard condition (test location is temperature 20 ⁇ 5 °C, relative humidity 65% or less). .
- the present invention can be used for a wide variety of absorbent articles having an elastic structure, such as a pants-type disposable diaper as in the above example, various disposable diapers such as a tape type and a pad type, and sanitary napkins.
- the stretchable sheet according to the present invention can be manufactured as a sheet constituting the back surface of the absorbent article while joining in the production line of the absorbent article.
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Abstract
Description
他方、有孔の形態は通気性があるものの、伸縮シートに過度の伸長力が作用した場合、破断の可能性もあるのではないかと推測される。
本発明の伸縮可能な伸縮シートを製造する方法は、
伸縮性を有しない第1シート層と、伸縮性を有しない第2シート層との間に、伸縮可能な弾性フィルムを伸長状態で介在させる供給工程と、
この供給工程において、前記第1シート層と前記第2シート層との間に前記弾性フィルムを伸長状態で介在させた状態で、前記第1シート層及び前記第2シート層の外方から、熱溶融装置によって間隔を空けた多数の接合部領域に熱溶融エネルギーを与え、前記弾性フィルムを溶融し、前記第1シート層及び前記第2シート層を、直接又は弾性フィルムを介して多数の接合部で接合する接合工程と、
を含み、
前記接合工程において、前記接合部領域全体に孔が形成されておらず前記第1シート層及び前記第2シート層を残存させるとともに、前記弾性フィルムと前記接合部との、少なくとも前記伸長方向の境界部分に貫通孔を形成するものである。
この貫通孔が形成される理由については後に詳説する。
超音波熱溶融装置に替えて、他の熱溶融手段であってもよい。
前記アンビルロールと、前記ニップの位置より下流位置において対向配置した超音波ホーンとにより、前記第1シート層、前記弾性フィルム及び前記第2シート層の接合を行うことができる。
(1)第1シート層及び第2シート層が部分溶融し、弾性フィルムに接合する、すなわち第1シート層及び第2シート層が弾性フィルムを介して接合する形態。
(2)弾性フィルムが溶融し、第1シート層及び第2シート層中に移行し、第1シート層及び第2シート層が、弾性フィルムを介在させることなく、直接接合する形態。
(3)(1)の形態と(2)の形態との中間の形態であって、弾性フィルムの両表面部分が溶融して第1シート層及び第2シート層中に移行し、しかし、弾性フィルムは部分的に残存していることにより、第1シート層及び第2シート層が残存弾性フィルムを介して接合する形態。
その結果、貫通孔が形成される。
好適な具体例としては、前記弾性フィルムの融点が95~125℃であり、第1シート層の融点が125℃超~160℃、より好ましくは130~160℃、第2シート層の融点が125℃超~160℃、より好ましくは130~160℃である。
ここで、「面積率」とは単位面積に占める対象部分の割合を意味し、対象領域(例えば伸縮領域)における対象部分(例えば接合部、貫通孔の開口)の総面積を当該対象領域の面積で除して百分率で表すものであり、特に「接合部の面積率」とは、伸縮方向に弾性限界まで伸ばした状態の面積率を意味するものである。また、貫通孔の開口の面積は、当該伸縮構造が自然長の状態における値を意味し、貫通孔の開口の面積が、弾性フィルムの表と裏で異なる等、厚み方向に均一でない場合には最小値を意味する。
本明細書における接合部面積率は、後に説明するアンビルロールの突起部の大きさ、形状、離間間隔、ロール長方向及びロール周方向の配置パターンなどを選定することにより選択できる。
また、後述の実施の形態において、領域内に複数の伸長応力が相違する場合、伸縮応力の相違を検証するための試験片の採取をどうするかが問題となる。この場合には、伸縮応力の絶対値を求めることから離れて、伸縮応力の比較のためには、伸縮シートの各部位について試験片を採取し、それぞれの試験片について、自然状態の100%長さから150%長さに伸長したときの応力によって大小を比較することも可能である。
ここで、第1シート層21及び第2シート層22が「伸縮性を有しない」とは全く伸縮しないことを意味するのではなく、弾性フィルムの伸縮性度合いとの比較では、実質的に伸縮しないことを意味する。
なお、接合形態例については後に詳説する。
このとき、駆動回転するアンビルロール60の周速をニップロール63の周速より速くする速度差を選択することにより、弾性フィルム30の製造過程における伸長率(自然状態の長さを100%としたときを基準とする)を設定をできる。
従来の使い捨ておむつにおいては、シートに糸ゴムを複数本並列に固定することにより行うのが一般的であるが、これでは糸ゴムやシートへの固定用のホットメルト接着剤の劣化による品質低下、並びに製造時における安定した生産性の点で劣る。これらの問題点は上記の伸縮シートによって解決できる。
しかも、図7の収縮状態を見ると分かるように、伸縮シートの外面が規則的な細かい皺又はひだが生成されるので、着用者の肌への感触性が良好である。
これらの態様のうち(3)などの態様においては、第1シート層21と第2シート層22とが、直接、すなわち弾性フィルムを介在することなく接合していると評価することができる。
上記(1)~(3)の態様は、弾性フィルム30の融点が、第1シート層21及び第2シート層22の融点より低い場合であるが、弾性フィルム30の融点が、第1シート層21及び又は第2シート層22の融点より高い場合であってもよい。この場合は、第1シート層21及び又は第2シート層22の弾性フィルム30側表面部分が活性化あるいは溶融して弾性フィルム30に接合する形態である。
さらに、弾性フィルム30が一部溶融するほか、第1シート層21及び又は第2シート層22も溶融することによって接合するものでもよい。
第1シート層21及び又は第2シート層22が不織布であり、その繊維が芯・鞘構造を有していてもよい。この場合において、例えば繊維の鞘成分のみが溶融して、接合に寄与させることができる。
接合部40の一例は、図1に示す円形である。もちろん、楕円や長方形などの形状であってもよい。図1のLmはマシン方向の配列間隔長、Lcはマシン方向と直交する直交方向(クロス方向:CD)の配列間隔長、Pmはマシン方向(MD(のピッチ長、Pcは直交方向(クロス方向:CD)のピッチ長である。
図2は、領域A、Bについて、接合部面積率をA<Bとすることによって、伸縮応力をA>Bの関係にしたものである。
例えば、ピッチ長Pm及びピッチ長Pcが長い場合Aと、ピッチ長Pm及びピッチ長Pcが短い場合Bとを比較すると、ピッチ長Pm・Pcが長い場合A(接合部面積率が低い場合)の方が、ピッチ長Pm・Pcが短い場合B(接合部面積率が高い場合)より伸長率が大きい。その結果、伸縮応力は、A>Bの関係になる。
図2の形態は、図2の横方向での伸長応力を領域ごと異なるものとなるので、伸縮応力が大きいA領域を、吸収性物品の幅方向中央領域に対応させる。そして、伸縮応力が小さい(いわば伸縮が小さい)B領域を中央のA領域の両外側に対応させる。
このことを理解するために、図4では、領域Cは小さな接合部を多数配置し、領域Dと同じ接合部面積とした例を示した。接合部面積をA<C=Dとすることによって、伸縮応力をA>C=Dの関係にしたものである。
すなわち、結合部40を形成した伸縮シートを、図13(b)に示すように、突条又は突起64aを有する一対のロール64間に通し、一方のロール64の隣接する突起64a, 突起64a間に他方のロール64の突起64aを食い込ませて、伸縮シートに変形力を加えて貫通孔31を形成することができる。
各領域における個々の接合部40の面積及び面積率は、通常の場合次のようにするのが好ましい。
(非伸縮領域)
接合部40の面積:0.14~3.5mm2(特に0.25~1.0mm2)
接合部40の面積率:16~45%(特に25~45%)
(主伸縮部)
接合部40の面積:0.14~3.5mm2(特に0.14~1.0mm2)
接合部40の面積率:1.8~19.1%(特に1.8~10.6%)
(遷移伸縮部)
接合部40の面積:0.14~3.5mm2(特に0.25~1.0mm2)
接合部40の面積率:8~22.5%(特に12.5~22.5%)
明細書中の以下の用語は、明細書中に特に記載が無い限り、以下の意味を有するものである。
・「伸長率」は、自然長を100%としたときの値を意味する。
・「目付け」は次のようにして測定されるものである。試料又は試験片を予備乾燥した後、標準状態(試験場所は、温度20±5℃、相対湿度65%以下)の試験室又は装置内に放置し、恒量になった状態にする。予備乾燥は、試料又は試験片を相対湿度10~25%、温度50℃を超えない環境で恒量にすることをいう。なお、公定水分率が0.0%の繊維については、予備乾燥を行わなくてもよい。恒量になった状態の試験片から米坪板(200mm×250mm、±2mm)を使用し、200mm×250mm(±2mm)の寸法の試料を切り取る。試料の重量を測定し、20倍して1平米あたりの重さを算出し、目付けとする。
・試験や測定における環境条件についての記載が無い場合、その試験や測定は、標準状態(試験場所は、温度20±5℃、相対湿度65%以下)の試験室又は装置内で行うものとする。
Claims (6)
- 伸縮可能な伸縮シートを製造する方法において、
伸縮性を有しない第1シート層と、伸縮性を有しない第2シート層との間に、伸縮可能な弾性フィルムを伸長状態で介在させる供給工程と、
この供給工程において、前記第1シート層と前記第2シート層との間に前記弾性フィルムを伸長状態で介在させた状態で、前記第1シート層及び前記第2シート層の外方から、熱溶融装置によって間隔を空けた多数の接合部領域に熱溶融エネルギーを与え、前記弾性フィルムを溶融し、前記第1シート層及び前記第2シート層を、直接又は弾性フィルムを介して多数の接合部で接合する接合工程と、
を含み、
前記接合工程において、前記接合部領域全体に孔が形成されておらず前記第1シート層及び前記第2シート層を残存させるとともに、前記弾性フィルムと前記接合部との、少なくとも前記伸長方向の境界部分に貫通孔を形成することを特徴とする伸縮シートの製造方法。 - 伸縮可能な伸縮シートを製造する方法において、
伸縮性を有しない第1シート層をマシン方向に供給し、伸縮性を有しない第2シート層をマシン方向に供給し、前記第1シート層及び前記第2シート層の間に、伸縮可能な弾性フィルムをマシン方向に伸長状態で供給して介在させる供給工程と、
この供給工程において、前記第1シート層と前記第2シート層との間に前記弾性フィルムを伸長状態で介在させた状態で、前記第1シート層及び前記第2シート層の外方から、熱溶融装置によって間隔を空けた多数の接合部領域に熱溶融エネルギーを与え、前記弾性フィルムを溶融し、前記第1シート層及び前記第2シート層を、直接又は弾性フィルムを介して多数の接合部で接合する接合工程と、
を含み、
前記接合工程において、前記接合部領域全体に孔が形成されておらず前記第1シート層及び前記第2シート層を残存させるとともに、前記弾性フィルムと前記接合部との、少なくとも前記マシン方向の境界部分に貫通孔を形成することを特徴とする伸縮シートの製造方法。 - 前記熱溶融装置は、アンビルロールと超音波ホーンとを有し、前記アンビルロールはその外表面にロール長方向及び外周方向に間隔を空けた多数の突部が形成され、この突部群と前記超音波ホーンとにより接合を行う請求項2記載の伸縮シートの製造方法。
- 前記弾性フィルムを、アンビルロールとこれと対向するニップロールとのニップロール段に通し、そのニップに続いて前記アンビルロールを巡らせるともに、
前記アンビルロールと、前記ニップの位置より下流位置において対向配置した超音波ホーンとにより、前記第1シート層、前記弾性フィルム及び前記第2シート層の接合を行う請求項3記載の伸縮シートの製造方法。 - 前記アンビルロールの周速を前記ニップロールの周速より速くすることにより前記弾性フィルムを伸長する請求項4記載の伸縮シートの製造方法。
- 前記接合部の配置が千鳥状である請求項2記載の伸縮シートの製造方法。
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