WO2016107450A1 - 钉仓组件及应用该钉仓组件的医用吻合器 - Google Patents

钉仓组件及应用该钉仓组件的医用吻合器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016107450A1
WO2016107450A1 PCT/CN2015/098181 CN2015098181W WO2016107450A1 WO 2016107450 A1 WO2016107450 A1 WO 2016107450A1 CN 2015098181 W CN2015098181 W CN 2015098181W WO 2016107450 A1 WO2016107450 A1 WO 2016107450A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cartridge assembly
drive
cutter
shaft
rotating shaft
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/098181
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈望东
叶艳平
Original Assignee
苏州天臣国际医疗科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201410845676.0A external-priority patent/CN104490438B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410850323.XA external-priority patent/CN105796146B/zh
Application filed by 苏州天臣国际医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 苏州天臣国际医疗科技有限公司
Priority to BR112017013860-3A priority Critical patent/BR112017013860B1/pt
Priority to US15/540,975 priority patent/US10888323B2/en
Priority to EP15875128.9A priority patent/EP3241504A4/en
Priority to JP2017534938A priority patent/JP6404478B2/ja
Publication of WO2016107450A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016107450A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/064—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/11—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
    • A61B17/115—Staplers for performing anastomosis in a single operation
    • A61B17/1155—Circular staplers comprising a plurality of staples
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07235—Stapler heads containing different staples, e.g. staples of different shapes, sizes or materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07271—Stapler heads characterised by its cartridge
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07285—Stapler heads characterised by its cutter
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/2926—Details of heads or jaws
    • A61B2017/2932—Transmission of forces to jaw members
    • A61B2017/2933—Transmission of forces to jaw members camming or guiding means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/28—Surgical forceps
    • A61B17/29—Forceps for use in minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/2926—Details of heads or jaws
    • A61B2017/2932—Transmission of forces to jaw members
    • A61B2017/2933—Transmission of forces to jaw members camming or guiding means
    • A61B2017/2936—Pins in guiding slots

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and in particular relates to a staple cartridge assembly and a medical stapler using the same.
  • the medical stapler is a medical device that is often used in the surgical operation of the intestines and other physiological tissues. It is a medical alternative to the traditional manual suture device. Due to the development of modern technology and the improvement of the production technology, it is currently used clinically.
  • the medical stapler is reliable in quality, easy to use, and suitable for tightness and tightness, especially its quick suturing, easy operation, few side effects and surgical complications, and sometimes the tumor surgery that could not be removed in the past can be removed by the lesion.
  • the difference in performance of the instrument plays a crucial role in the overall surgical outcome.
  • the staple cartridge and the anvil of the medical stapler are connected to form a jaw structure.
  • the jaws of the jaw formed by the staple cartridge and the anvil can be opened to clamp the physiological tissue, and then the jaw is closed. Stitching and cutting.
  • the jaws have a greater resistance to closing, and during the process of being cut and stitched, a large opening reaction force is applied to the anvil and the staple cartridge, so that the cutter is easily broken.
  • the clamping effect of the anvil and the staple cartridge on the tissue is weakened, and the physiological tissue to be sutured is also easily separated from the clamping of the anvil and the staple cartridge frame, thereby causing inconvenience to the doctor operation and bringing great operation to the surgery. risk.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a staple cartridge assembly including a staple cartridge, an anvil, and a cutter, the cutter including a first end, a second end, and a a cutting portion between the first end portion and the second end portion, the cutting portion is provided with a cutting edge, wherein the cartridge assembly further comprises a rotating shaft and an auxiliary closing member connecting the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is opposite to the rotating shaft The blade is disposed at a proximal end of the cartridge assembly;
  • the cartridge assembly is further provided with a driving member that can drive the rotation of the rotating shaft, and the driving member drives the rotating shaft to drive the auxiliary closing member during the transition from the initial state to the closed state.
  • a driving member that can drive the rotation of the rotating shaft
  • the driving member drives the rotating shaft to drive the auxiliary closing member during the transition from the initial state to the closed state.
  • the auxiliary closure member includes a cam that is rotatable about an axis of the rotating shaft;
  • the driving member drives the rotating shaft to drive the cam to rotate during the transition from the initial state to the closed state, and at least the cam of the cam when the cartridge assembly is in the closed state Abutting against the anvil, a force is applied to the anvil to drive the anvil to close the staple cartridge.
  • the force is always applied to the anvil during the firing of the cartridge assembly.
  • the staple cartridge assembly moves during the firing, the cutter moves toward a distal end of the cartridge assembly, the drive member is separated from the rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft is It remains stationary after disengagement from the drive member.
  • the staple cartridge assembly is moved from a distal end of the cartridge assembly toward a proximal end of the cartridge assembly during a return to an initial state after completion of firing,
  • the drive member drives the rotating shaft to drive the cam to rotate, so that the cam surface is separated from the anvil.
  • the driving member includes a first driving surface and a second driving surface, and the first driving surface drives the first driving surface to be in a closed state Rotating in the first direction of rotation; the second drive surface drives the rotation of the rotation axis in a second direction during the initial state of the cartridge assembly after the completion of the firing, the first direction and the first The two directions are opposite.
  • the rotating shaft is formed with a concave portion, a contact portion, and a convex portion.
  • the first driving surface gradually approaches and contacts the same.
  • the contact portion rotates in a first direction to drive the rotation axis; the drive member is separated from the rotation shaft during the firing process; the cartridge assembly is returned to the initial state after the completion of the firing.
  • the second driving surface gradually approaches and contacts the convex portion to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in the second direction.
  • the cartridge assembly further includes a staple cartridge holder, a staple cartridge connector and a adapter, the staple cartridge detachably connecting the cartridge holder, the staple cartridge connector Located at a proximal end of the magazine holder, the adapter is connected to the staple cartridge connector and the cartridge holder;
  • the adapter and the cartridge holder cooperate to form an accommodating space for allowing the rotating shaft to rotate therein, and the rotating shaft is at least partially disposed in the accommodating space and is limited by the accommodating space. .
  • the adapter is provided with a fixing portion that cooperates with the cartridge holder, and the fixing portion is disposed near the end surface of the cartridge holder as a first curved surface, and the cartridge is a protrusion extending corresponding to the fixing portion is extended on the frame, and a second curved surface is disposed on an end surface of the protrusion near the fixing portion, and the first curved surface and the second curved surface are common
  • the accommodation space is defined.
  • the anvil is provided with a pass allowing the cutter to pass a slot
  • the cartridge assembly includes two of the cams, the two cams being respectively located on opposite sides of the cutter cutting portion, and simultaneously contacting the anvil on both sides of the pocket.
  • the cartridge assembly further includes
  • a staple holder for accommodating a detachable staple cartridge
  • the auxiliary closure member is movably disposed in the cartridge holder, and includes: a sliding block and a connecting rod; the rotating shaft is pivotally connected to the cartridge holder and rotatable relative to the cartridge holder, the connecting rod The two ends are respectively pivotally connected to the sliding block and the rotating shaft;
  • the driving member can drive the rotating shaft to rotate and drive the sliding block through the connecting rod to move the sliding block to the nail Below the proximal end of the anvil;
  • the driving member can drive the sliding block to move to the proximal end to be reset, and the rotating shaft is reversely reset by the connecting rod.
  • the driving member includes a first driving surface, a proximal end surface and a driving groove disposed on the cutter; the first driving surface is located on a proximal end of the driving groove An inner edge, the proximal end surface is located at a lower outer edge of the driving groove.
  • one end of the connecting rod is provided with a first pin hole, and the other end of the connecting rod is provided with a second pin hole;
  • the sliding block is provided with a main body having an upper end surface, a first pin shaft and an abutting portion having a distal end surface; the first pin shaft and the first pin hole of the connecting rod cooperate, and the abutting portion is far An end face can cooperate with the proximal end face of the cutter for resetting the slider.
  • the rotating shaft is provided with a second pin shaft, a driving shaft, a first side wheel and a second side wheel; and the second pin shaft is opposite to the second pin hole of the connecting rod Cooperating, the lateral outer ends of the first side wheel and the second side wheel are pivotally connected to the magazine frame, and the lateral inner ends of the first side wheel and the second side wheel are connected by the drive shaft ;
  • the first drive surface of the cutter cooperates with the drive shaft of the rotary shaft to rotate the rotary shaft, and is driven by the connecting rod a sliding block, the upper end surface of the main body of the sliding block is moved below the proximal end of the anvil;
  • the rotating shaft is rotated by a certain angle, the first driving surface of the cutting blade and the driving shaft of the rotating shaft are Dislocation occurs in the vertical direction, so that the cutter is separated from the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft stops rotating, and the cutter continues to move to the distal end;
  • the proximal end surface of the cutter contacts the distal end surface of the sliding block, and the sliding block is pushed to the proximal end to be reset, and the shaft is rotated and reversed by the connecting rod. .
  • the drive shaft in an initial state, is housed in the cutter In the drive slot.
  • the second pin shaft of the rotating shaft is located on the second side wheel and the axial direction of the second pin shaft is parallel to the lateral direction of the magazine frame; the second side wheel has a receiving portion.
  • the accommodating space of the two pins and the connecting rod can provide sufficient pivoting space for the rotation of the connecting rod around the second pin shaft when the rotating shaft rotates.
  • a side of the drive shaft facing away from the second pin shaft is provided with a relief groove for receiving the structure of the lower portion of the drive groove of the cutter.
  • the drive shaft of the rotating shaft has a D-shaped cross section, a triangular shape, a circular shape, a rectangular shape, a square shape or an irregular shape.
  • the first pin shaft of the sliding block and the abutting portion are alternately arranged in a direction parallel to the bottom surface of the magazine frame and perpendicular to the axial direction of the slider block. The distal end of the subject.
  • a proximal end of the main body of the sliding block is provided with a guiding portion, and the guiding portion is a guiding block extending from a proximal end of the sliding block main body or disposed on the sliding block. Guide groove.
  • the guiding portion and the abutting portion substantially coincide with a central axis of the rotating shaft and the cutter, and the connecting rod is laterally offset from one side of the central axis.
  • the cutter rotates the rotating shaft until the shaft is separated from the rotating shaft, and the maximum rotation angle of the rotating shaft is greater than 45 degrees and less than 150 degrees.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a medical stapler comprising the cartridge assembly of any of the above aspects.
  • the present invention has the beneficial effects that the staple cartridge assembly of the present invention and the medical stapler using the same can effectively reduce the tension experienced by the cutter during use and prevent the cutter from breaking.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a medical stapler according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial exploded view of a staple cartridge assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a perspective view of the cam and the rotating shaft in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rotating shaft in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a cam in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the shaft of the first embodiment of the present invention when the cartridge assembly is in an initial state
  • Figure 7 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the fixing of the rotating shaft in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the cam of the first embodiment of the present invention when the cartridge assembly is in an initial state
  • Figure 11 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a shaft in a process in which the cartridge assembly is switched from an initial state to a closed state in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 13 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the cam of the cartridge assembly in the closed state in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 15 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Figure 14;
  • Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the shaft of the staple cartridge assembly in the firing process in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 17 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Figure 16;
  • Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the rotation shaft of the cartridge assembly in the initial state after the firing is completed in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 19 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Figure 18;
  • Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view showing the cam of the first embodiment of the present invention after the staple cartridge assembly is returned to the initial state;
  • Figure 21 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Figure 20;
  • Figure 22 is a partial exploded view of the stapler cartridge assembly in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a partial structural schematic view of a staple cartridge assembly in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is a plan view of the structure of Figure 23 after assembly
  • Figure 25 is a plan view showing the assembly of the staple cartridge assembly in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 26A is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 25;
  • Figure 26B is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 25;
  • Figure 27 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 26A;
  • Figure 28A is an enlarged view of the initial portion D of Figure 26A;
  • Figure 28B is an enlarged view of the initial portion E of Figure 26B;
  • Figure 29A is an enlarged view of the second portion of the portion D of Figure 26A;
  • Figure 29B is an enlarged view of the second portion of the portion E of Figure 26B;
  • Figure 30A is an enlarged view of the third portion of the portion D of Figure 26A;
  • Figure 30B is an enlarged view of the third portion of the portion E of Figure 26B;
  • Figure 31A is an enlarged view of the fourth state of the portion D of Figure 26A;
  • Figure 31B is an enlarged view of the fourth portion of the portion E of Figure 26B;
  • Figure 32 is an enlarged view of the portion D of Figure 26A at the time of resetting
  • the medical stapler of the present invention is specifically explained by taking a laparoscopic surgical cutting stapler as an example, but it should be noted that the technical spirit involved in the following embodiments may be alternatively utilized. Go to other forms of stapler.
  • the medical stapler is used to apply a plurality of staples to the physiological tissue of the human body, and correspondingly cut the physiological tissue.
  • the medical stapler includes an instrument body 10, a coil 20 coupled to the instrument body 10, and a firing handle 30 pivotally coupled to the instrument body 10.
  • the distal end of the instrument body 10 is also provided with a cartridge assembly 40.
  • the cartridge assembly 40 includes a staple cartridge 41, an anvil 42, a cartridge holder 43, a staple cartridge connector 44, and a cutter 45.
  • the magazine holder 43 removably connects the staple cartridge 41.
  • the magazine frame 43 is used to connect the magazine 41 to the magazine connector 44.
  • the staple cartridge 41 and the anvil 42 are arranged to be relatively rotatable, and when the two are rotated to the open state, the operated target physiological tissue can be placed between the two, and then, The two are relatively rotated to a closed state to clamp the target physiological tissue between the two for subsequent cutting and stitching operations.
  • the proximal anvil of the anvil 42 is subjected to an external force to maintain the anvil 42 and the staple cartridge 41 in a state Opened, the cutter 45 is located at the proximal end of the cartridge assembly 40.
  • the medical stapler/spin assembly 40 When the medical stapler/spin assembly 40 is in the closed state, driven by the cutter 45, the anvil 42 and the staple cartridge 41 are closed, during which the target physiological tissue can be clamped, the cutter 45 being opposed to the cutter In the initial state, the distal end of the medical stapler/snap cartridge assembly 40 is moved a distance, but is still generally located at the proximal end of the cartridge assembly 40.
  • the anvil 42 and staple cartridge 41 remain closed, and the cutter 45 is moved distally from the proximal end of the cartridge assembly 40, cutting The clamped physiological tissue can be stopped at the distal end of the cartridge assembly 40 to stop moving.
  • the cutter 45 When the medical stapler/spin assembly 40 is in the firing completion state, the cutter 45 is retracted to the initial state position, the anvil 42 and the staple cartridge 41 are open, and the cutter 45 is located at the staple The proximal end of the cartridge assembly 40.
  • the cutter 45 includes a first end portion 451, a second end portion 452, and a cutting portion disposed between the first end portion 451 and the second end portion 452.
  • the cutting portion is provided with a cutting edge 453.
  • the cartridge assembly 40 further includes a spindle 50 and an auxiliary closure that connects the spindle 50, the spindle 50 being disposed at a proximal end of the cartridge assembly 40 relative to the blade 453.
  • the cartridge assembly 40 is further provided with a driving member 51 that can drive the rotation of the rotating shaft 50.
  • the driving member 51 drives the rotating shaft 50 to drive the Auxiliary closure movement, and at least when the cartridge assembly 40 is in the closed state, an end face of the auxiliary closure abuts against the anvil 42, applying an impingement to the anvil 42 The force to close the staple cartridge 41.
  • the magazine frame 43 includes a first abutment surface 432 that is remote from the anvil 42 and that mates with the first end 451 of the cutter 45.
  • the anvil 42 includes a second abutment surface opposite the anvil surface and mating with the second end 452 of the cutter 45.
  • the magazines 41, 421, and 431 that match the cutters 45 are formed in the magazine 41, the anvil 42, and the magazine holder 43.
  • the cutter grooves 411, 421, 431 extend from the proximal end of the staple cartridge 41, the anvil 42, and the cartridge holder 43 to the distal end thereof, respectively.
  • the knife pockets 411, 421, 431 can be cooperatively formed to allow the cutter 45 to be oriented from the proximal end of the cartridge assembly 40 toward the distal end, or A channel whose distal end moves toward the proximal direction.
  • the cartridge assembly 40 also includes a pusher bar 47 coupled to the proximal end of the cutter 45.
  • the pusher bar 47 can drive the cutter 45 to move distally from the proximal end of the knife-grooves 411, 421, 431 or distally to the proximal end.
  • the rotating shaft 50 includes two side wheels 505 and a driving shaft 504 between the two side wheels 505, and the driving shaft 504 of the rotating shaft 50 is formed with at least a recess 502 and a contact portion 501, the lowest point of the recess 502 being closer to the axis O of the rotating shaft 50 than the lowest point of the contact portion 501, that is, the distance L1 from the lowest point of the recess 502 to the axis O is smaller than the contact portion
  • the distance from the lowest point of 501 to the axis O is L2.
  • the rotating shaft 50 can further include at least one convex portion 503 protruding from a position where the non-recessed portion 502 is located on the contact portion 501.
  • the auxiliary closure member includes a cam 52 fixedly coupled to the spindle 50, the cam 52 being rotatable about the axis O of the spindle 50 with the drive shaft 504. Turn.
  • the auxiliary closure member includes two of the cams 52, and the two cams 52 are respectively located on opposite sides of the drive shaft 504, that is, on both sides of the cutting portion of the cutter 45, respectively.
  • the cam 52 is provided with a cam surface 520.
  • the cam surface 520 includes a resisting portion 521 and a smoothing portion 522.
  • the highest point of the resisting portion 521 is away from the rotating shaft 50 compared to the highest point of the smoothing portion 522.
  • the axis O that is, the distance L3 from the highest point of the abutting portion 521 to the axis O is greater than the distance L4 from the highest point of the smooth portion 522 to the axis O.
  • the rotating shaft 50 is integrally provided with the cam 52.
  • the rotating shaft 50 can also be disposed separately from the cam 53.
  • the driving member 51 is formed at the cutting portion of the cutter 45.
  • the proximal end region is provided as a groove on the cutter 45 and is integrally formed with the cutter 45.
  • the drive member 51 can also be disposed separately from the cutter 45.
  • the driving member 51 includes a first driving surface 511 and a second driving surface 512 , and the first driving surface 511 is located at a proximal end of the second driving surface 512 .
  • the first driving surface 511 may be a surface having a hook shape at one end of the groove
  • the second driving surface 512 may be a surface facing the first driving surface 511 .
  • the cartridge assembly 40 further includes a adapter 53 for attaching the cartridge connector 44 and the cartridge holder 43.
  • the two side wheels 505 of the rotating shaft 50 can be set as a cylinder, and the adapter 53 and the magazine frame 43 cooperate to form an accommodating space for allowing the side wheel 505 of the rotating shaft 50 to smoothly rotate therein.
  • the two side wheels 505 of the rotating shaft 50 are at least partially disposed in the accommodating space. In this way, the support of the rotating shaft 50 is realized, and the rotating shaft 50 is restricted from rotating only in the accommodating space.
  • the adapter 53 is provided with a fixing portion 531 that fits the cartridge holder 43 .
  • the fixing portion 531 is disposed adjacent to the end surface of the cartridge holder 43 as a first curved surface 5311 .
  • a protrusion 431 corresponding to the fixing portion 531 is protruded from the magazine frame 43 , and a second curved surface 4311 is disposed on an end surface of the protrusion 431 adjacent to the fixing portion 531 .
  • the first curved surface 5311 and the second curved surface 4311 together define the accommodating space.
  • the adapter 53 includes two fixed ends 531 respectively located at two sides of the cutting portion of the cutter 45, and the cartridge holder 43 includes two corresponding protrusions 431, the shaft
  • the circumferential outer surface of the 50 is adapted to the first curved surface 5311 and the second curved surface 4311, and is limited between the two fixed ends 531 and the two protrusions 431.
  • the cartridge assembly 40 is in an initial state, the first drive surface 511 is remote from the drive shaft 504, the smooth portion 522 of the cam 52 is adjacent to the anvil 42, the smooth portion 522 and the anvil There is a distance between 42 and the cam 52 and the anvil 42 are separated from each other.
  • the cutter 45 is moved toward the distal end of the cartridge assembly 40 such that the anvil 42 is rotated toward the staple cartridge 41 to effect closure.
  • the first driving surface 511 gradually approaches and contacts the contact portion 501 of the driving shaft 504 to drive the rotating shaft 50 to rotate in the first direction
  • the cam 52 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 50
  • the abutting portion 521 of the cam 52 gradually approaches and abuts
  • the anvil 42 is held, and at least when the cartridge assembly 40 is in the closed state, the two cams 52 simultaneously abut the anvil 42 on both sides of the pocket 421, and the anvil 42 is driven to drive the anvil 42
  • the force of closing the staple cartridge 41 while the recess 502 of the drive shaft 504 is rotated to a portion of the first drive surface 511 that is adjacent to the cartridge holder 43.
  • the closure between the anvil 42 and the staple cartridge 41 can be assisted by the cam 52, correspondingly reducing the
  • the drive shaft 504 since the recess 502 of the drive shaft 504 is rotated to a portion of the first driving surface 511 near the cartridge holder 43 after closing, even if the cutter 45 continues to Remote movement, the drive shaft 504 also cannot continue to cooperate with the first driving surface 511 to rotate.
  • the cutter 45 continues to move toward the distal end of the cartridge assembly 40, the drive member 51 is disengaged from the spindle 50, and the cutter 45 can be disengaged from the spindle 50 toward the cartridge assembly 40.
  • the distal end moves, the shaft 50 remains stationary during the process of disengaging the driving member 51, and the abutting portion 521 of the cam 52 always abuts against the anvil 42.
  • the abutting portion 521 always assists in closing the anvil 42 and the nail.
  • the cartridge 41 assures that the force is always applied to the proximal end of the anvil 42 during firing of the cartridge assembly 40.
  • the cutter 45 is moved from the distal end of the cartridge assembly 40 toward the proximal end of the cartridge assembly 40,
  • the two driving surfaces 512 gradually approach and contact the convex portion 503 to drive the rotating shaft 50 to rotate in the second direction, and the abutting portion 521 of the cam 52 is separated from the anvil 42 to finally separate the cam 52 from the anvil 42.
  • the cam 52, the rotary shaft 50, and the cutter 45 are all returned to the initial state.
  • the second direction is opposite to the first direction, at an angle shown in the drawing, the first direction is a clockwise direction, and the second direction is a counterclockwise direction.
  • the cam 52 of one embodiment of the present invention rotates under the action of the driving member 51 and the rotating shaft 50, and the cam 52 abuts against the anvil 42 at least in the closed state to assist the anvil 42 to close toward the staple cartridge 41, thereby causing the cutter 45 to The tension received is reduced to prevent the cutter 45 from breaking.
  • the cam surface 520 of the cam 52 always abuts against the anvil 42, further reducing the tension experienced by the cutter 45 during firing, while avoiding the greater strain due to the cutter 45.
  • the resulting problem of poor staple formation reduces the risk of surgery.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention provides a stapler cartridge assembly 40, including a cartridge holder 43, an anvil 42, a cutter 45, a pusher bar 47, and a shaft, similar to the first embodiment. 50 and the auxiliary closure.
  • the staple cartridge frame 43 is for accommodating a detachable staple cartridge (not shown);
  • the anvil 42 is provided with a staple forming groove corresponding to the staple hole on the staple cartridge and the staple in the staple hole for
  • the target physiological tissue is sutured;
  • the cutter 45 is used to disconnect the target physiological tissue, including but not limited to an I-shaped knife having an I-shaped cross section;
  • the pusher bar 47 is used to drive the cutter 45 to clamp the target physiological tissue while Cutting and stitching of the target physiological tissue can be performed.
  • a difference from the first embodiment includes that, in the second embodiment, the rotating shaft 50 is disposed separately from the auxiliary closing member.
  • the rotating shaft 50 includes a first side wheel 5051 and a second side wheel 5052, a driving shaft 504 between the first side wheel 5051 and the second side wheel 5052, and a second pin 506.
  • the rotating shaft 50 is pivotally connected to the magazine frame 43 through the first side wheel 5051 and/or the second side wheel 5052 and is rotatable relative to the magazine frame 43 by a certain angle, for example, 30° in a clockwise direction. 120 degrees.
  • the auxiliary closure member is disposed in the cartridge holder 43 and includes: a sliding block 62 and a connecting rod 63, wherein the connecting rod 63
  • the sliding block 62 and the rotating shaft 50 are pivotally connected to the two ends.
  • the driving member 51 can drive the rotating shaft 50 to rotate by a certain angle and drive the sliding block 62 to move through the connecting rod 63, so that the sliding block 62 can be moved to the lower end of the anvil 42 Supporting the proximal end of the anvil 42 to assist the closing of the anvil 42; as the pusher bar 47 drives the cutter 45 to continue to move distally, the driving member 51 is separated from the rotating shaft 50, and the rotating shaft 50 stops rotating, cutting The knife 45 is still moved distally until the stapler completes the cutting and suturing of the target physiological tissue; after the stapler completes the cutting and suturing of the target physiological tissue, the cutter 45 is driven to move from the distal end to the proximal end to be driven.
  • the member 51 is capable of driving the distal end of the slider 62 to move and reset the slider 62 proximally, while the slider 62 drives the spindle 50 to reverse rotation and reset by the link 63.
  • the drive member 51 includes a first drive surface 511, a proximal end surface 513, and a drive groove 514 disposed on the proximal end of the cutter 45.
  • the driving member 51 is integrally formed with the cutter 45, and therefore, the driving action of the driving member 51 on the rotating shaft 50 and/or the sliding block 62, that is, the cutter 45 is opposite to the rotating shaft 50. And/or the driving action of the sliding block 62.
  • the first driving surface 511 is located at the upper inner edge of the proximal end of the driving groove 514, and the end surface of the driving groove 514 may be substantially triangular, trapezoidal or other irregular shape with rounded corners, and is provided with a notch, and the proximal end surface 513 may be located at the driving end.
  • the outer edge of the groove 514 is below the notch.
  • the proximal and distal ends of the link 63 can be further provided with a first pin hole 631 and a second pin hole 632, preferably a circular hole.
  • the sliding block 62 may further be provided with a main body 621 having an upper end surface 621a, a first pin shaft 622, and an abutting portion 623 having a distal end surface 623a parallel to the bottom surface of the magazine frame 43 and perpendicular to the sliding block 62.
  • the first pin shaft 622 and the abutting portion 623 are staggered at the distal end of the body 621.
  • the first pin 622 cooperates with the first pin hole 631 of the connecting rod 63.
  • the first pin shaft 622 is preferably a cylindrical pin, so that the connecting rod 63 can surround the first pin shaft 622 on the lateral side of the abutting portion 623.
  • the upper end surface 621a of the main body 621 abuts against and supports the proximal end of the anvil 42 to apply a certain supporting force to the proximal end of the anvil 42 when the sliding block 62 moves below the proximal end of the anvil 42.
  • the force drive causes the anvil 42 to close to the staple cartridge to assist in closing the anvil 42; the distal end surface 623a can be proximal to the cutter 45 when the cutter 45 is moved from the distal end to the proximal end for repositioning Face 513 cooperates to drive slide block 62 to move proximally for reset.
  • the proximal end of the main body 621 of the sliding block 62 may further be provided with a guiding portion 624.
  • the guiding portion 624 may be a guiding block extending from the proximal end of the main body 621 of the sliding block 62, and correspondingly, the nail
  • the bracket frame 43 may be provided with a guiding groove 431 matched thereto; as another alternative embodiment, the guiding portion 624 may also be a guiding groove provided on the sliding block 62, and correspondingly, the magazine frame 43 may be provided.
  • the movement path of the slide block 62 is defined by defining the movement route of the guide portion 624, which facilitates the movement and reset of the slide block 62 along the set route.
  • the guiding portion 624, the abutting portion 623 and the rotating shaft 50, the cutter 45 The central axes are substantially coincident, and the links 63 are offset in parallel to one side of the central axis.
  • the lateral outer ends of the first side wheel 5051 and the second side wheel 5052 of the rotating shaft 50 are pivotally connected to the magazine frame 43 such that the rotating shaft 50 can rotate relative to the magazine frame 43; the first side wheel 5051 and the second side wheel
  • the lateral inner ends of the 5052 are connected by a drive shaft 504.
  • the drive shaft 504 is rotatably received in the drive slot 514 of the cutter 45. When the cutter 45 is moved distally by the pusher bar 47, the first drive surface 511 of the drive member 51 can drive the drive shaft 504.
  • the driving shaft 504 is driven relative to the magazine frame 43 under the driving of the first driving surface 511 of the driving member 51. Rotation occurs, at the same time, the drive shaft 504 drives the rotation shaft 50 as a whole, and further moves the slider 62 in the distal direction by the link 63.
  • the proximal end surface 513 of the cutter 45 is located at the proximal end of the cartridge holder 43, and the drive shaft 504 is accommodated in the drive of the cutter 45.
  • the first driving surface 511 is not in contact with the driving shaft 504 and has a certain distance.
  • the first driving surface 511 may also be in contact with the driving shaft 504, but there is no interaction force between the two.
  • the cross section of the drive shaft 504 can be, for example, a D-shape, a triangle, a circle, a rectangle, a square, an irregular shape, etc., and the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the second pin 506 is located on the second side wheel 5052 and the axial direction of the second pin 506 is parallel to the lateral direction of the magazine frame 43 and can be moved correspondingly with the overall rotation of the shaft 50.
  • the second pin 506 cooperates with the second pin hole 632 of the link 63, preferably a cylindrical pin, by which the sliding block 62 is coupled to the rotating shaft 50; the second side wheel 5052 has a second pin 506 and a connecting rod
  • the accommodating space of 63, and when the rotating shaft 50 rotates, the accommodating space can provide sufficient pivoting space for the rotation of the link 63 around the second pin shaft 506; in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG.
  • the accommodating space is a section that connects the second pin 506 and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the second pin 506.
  • the accommodating space may also be a groove (not shown) that connects the second pin 506 and provides a mounting space and a pivoting space for the link 63.
  • the side of the drive shaft 504 facing away from the second pin shaft 506 may further be provided with a relief groove 507 for accommodating the abutment portion 623 of the slide block 62 or the structure of the lower portion of the cutter 45 driving the groove 514.
  • a relief groove 507 for accommodating the abutment portion 623 of the slide block 62 or the structure of the lower portion of the cutter 45 driving the groove 514.
  • the first driving surface 511 of the driving member 51 cooperates with the driving shaft 504 of the rotating shaft 50 and rotates the rotating shaft 50 by a certain angle, such as along the shun
  • the maximum rotation angle of the hour hand direction is about 45 degrees to 150 degrees.
  • the rotation shaft 50 is rotated by 130 degrees at the maximum, and the sliding block 62 is slid to the distal end by the connecting rod 63, so that the upper end surface 621a of the main body 621 of the sliding block 62 is 621a. Gradually move below the proximal end of the anvil 42.
  • the first driving surface 511 drives the driving shaft 504 to make the rotating shaft
  • the 50 is rotated in the clockwise direction while the second pin 506 is moved toward the distal end by the link 63, and the upper end surface 621a of the slider 62 is gradually moved below the proximal end of the anvil 42.
  • the lower structure of the driving groove 514 of the cutter 45 gradually moves toward the distal end and exits the escape groove 507 of the rotating shaft 50, and the abutting portion 623 of the sliding block 62 gradually moves toward the distal end toward the escape groove 507 of the rotating shaft 50.
  • the rotating shaft 50 can also rotate counterclockwise.
  • the driving shaft 504 is rotated relative to the cartridge holder 43, and the first driving surface 511 of the driving member 51 and the driving shaft 504 of the rotating shaft 50 are gradually displaced in the vertical direction.
  • the drive shaft 504 can be moved to the notch of the driving slot 514.
  • the first driving surface 511 cannot continue to drive the driving shaft 504, and the cutter 45 continues to move distally, so that the cutter 45 is separated from the rotating shaft 50, and the rotating shaft 50 stops rotating.
  • the cutter 45 continues to move distally until the suture cut is completed.
  • the proximal end surface 513 of the cutter 45 is in contact with the distal end surface 623a of the sliding block 62, and the sliding block 62 is pushed to the proximal end to be reset, and the shaft 50 is reversed by the connecting rod 63. Reset.
  • the abutting portion 623 of the sliding block 62 gradually moves toward the proximal end and away from the escape groove 507 of the rotating shaft 50, and the lower structure of the driving groove 514 in the cutter 45 gradually moves toward the proximal end into the escape groove 507 of the rotating shaft 50.
  • the anvil 42 is located above the cartridge holder 43 and the two are opened at an angle, the auxiliary closure being disposed at the proximal end of the cartridge holder 43, as shown in parts D and E of Figures 26A and 26B.
  • the local structure In the initial state, the anvil 42 is located above the cartridge holder 43 and the two are opened at an angle, the auxiliary closure being disposed at the proximal end of the cartridge holder 43, as shown in parts D and E of Figures 26A and 26B. The local structure.
  • the first driving surface 511 of the driving member 51 and the driving shaft 504 of the rotating shaft 50 may not contact and have a certain distance, the rotating shaft 50 does not rotate, and the sliding block 62 is placed.
  • the pusher bar 47 pushes the cutter 45 to the distal end, the anvil 42 gradually closes under the action of the cutter 45, and the proximal end of the anvil 42 is gradually raised.
  • the first driving surface 511 of the driving member 51 comes into contact with the driving shaft 504 of the rotating shaft 50 to enter the second state.
  • the distal end face 623a of the slide block 62 has a certain distance from the proximal end surface 513 of the cutter 45, at which time the pusher bar 47 pushes the cutter 45 to continue distally.
  • the first driving surface 511 drives the driving shaft 504 to rotate clockwise, the rotating shaft 50 starts to rotate under the driving of the driving shaft 504, and the second pin 506 drives the sliding block 62 along the guiding position of the sliding frame 43 through the connecting rod 63.
  • the slot 431 is moved distally, while the anvil 42 is gradually closed, and the proximal end thereof is further tilted upward as shown in FIG. 29B;
  • the fourth state is entered as shown in FIGS. 31A and 31B, at which time the rotary shaft 50 has been rotated by about 120 degrees with respect to the initial state, and the drive shaft 504 is further rotated to drive the first member 51.
  • the driving surface 511 and the driving shaft 504 of the rotating shaft 50 are displaced in the vertical direction, and the driving shaft 504 is moved to the notch of the driving groove 514 and gradually separated from the driving groove 514, at which time the driving member 51 cannot continue to push the rotating shaft 50 to rotate.
  • the cutter 45 can continue to move to the distal end for firing, completing the suture cutting.
  • the distance between the distal end face 623a of the slider 62 and the proximal end face 513 of the cutter 45 is increased, re-separated, and the rotary shaft 50 is stopped at this angle, while the slide block 62 is also moved distally.
  • the maximum stroke and stop moving During the suture cutting process of the cutter 45, especially for thick tissue, the upper end surface 621a of the sliding block 62 supports the proximal end of the anvil 42 to assist the closing of the anvil 42 to increase the clamping force and reduce the cutting. The force of the knife 45.
  • the proximal end surface 513 of the cutter 45 first touches the distal end surface 623a of the sliding block 62, as shown in FIG.
  • the sliding block 62 is moved to the proximal end to be reset, and the rotating shaft 50 is reversely pivoted by the action of the connecting rod 63.
  • the driving shaft 504 of the rotating shaft 50 enters the working position in the initial state through the notch of the driving groove 514, and the rotating shaft 50 is completed. Reset.
  • the first driving surface 511 can drive the rotating shaft 50 to rotate and drive the sliding block 62 to move distally until the sliding block 62 reaches the position supporting the anvil 42.
  • the rotating shaft 50 stops rotating and is separated from the cutter 45; after the firing is completed, when the cutter 45 is pulled back, the proximal end surface 513 of the cutter 45 can drive the sliding block 62 and the rotating shaft 50 to be reset, and the auxiliary closing anvil is realized by the above device. Reduce the force of the cutter 45 and reduce the risk of surgery.
  • the staple cartridge assembly 40 of the stapler of the present invention can be used in products of different sizes and types of endoscopic staplers and linear staplers, including but not limited to cutting lengths of 55 mm, 60 mm, 75 mm, 80 mm, 100 mm, 120 mm, 150 mm. Stapler.

Abstract

一种钉仓组件（40）及应用该钉仓组件（40）的医用吻合器，钉仓组件（40）包括钉仓（41）、钉砧（42）及切刀（45），切刀（45）包括第一端部（451）、第二端部（452），以及设置于第一端部（451）和第二端部（452）间的切割部，切割部上设有刀刃（453），钉仓组件（40）还包括转轴（50）和连接转轴（50）的辅助闭合件，转轴（50）相对刀刃（453）设置于钉仓组件（40）近端；其中，钉仓组件（40）还设有可驱动转轴（50）转动的驱动构件（51），钉仓组件（40）由初始状态转换至闭合状态的过程中，驱动构件（51）驱动转轴（50）带动辅助闭合件运动，并至少在钉仓组件（40）位于闭合状态时，辅助闭合件的一端面抵靠钉砧（42），向钉砧（42）施加一驱使钉砧（42）向钉仓（41）闭合的作用力。本发明的钉仓组件（40）及应用该钉仓组件（40）的医用吻合器可有效减小在使用过程中工字刀所承受的张力，防止工字刀断裂。

Description

钉仓组件及应用该钉仓组件的医用吻合器
本申请要求了申请日为2014年12月31日，申请号为201410845676.0，发明名称为“钉仓组件及应用该钉仓组件的医用吻合器”的中国专利申请的优先权，同时还要求了申请日为2014年12月31日，申请号为201410850323.X，发明名称为“一种钉头组件及具有该钉头组件的腔镜切割吻合器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械领域，具体涉及一种钉仓组件及应用该钉仓组件的医用吻合器。
背景技术
医用吻合器是对肠道等生理组织进行外科手术时经常使用的一种医疗器械，它是医学上使用的替代传统手工缝合的设备，由于现代科技的发展和制作技术的改进，目前临床上使用的医用吻合器质量可靠，使用方便，严密、松紧合适，尤其是其缝合快速、操作简便及很少有副作用和手术并发症等优点，有时还使得过去无法切除的肿瘤手术得以病灶切除，很受国内外临床外科医生的青睐和推崇。该仪器性能的差异对于整个手术效果起着至关重要的作用。
医用吻合器的钉仓及钉砧连接形成钳夹结构，在手术中，可先张开由所述钉仓和钉砧形成的钳夹的钳口夹持生理组织，然后再闭合该钳口并进行缝合及切割。当夹持较厚的生理组织时，该钳口闭合的阻力较大，在被切割和缝合的过程中，会给钉砧和钉仓很大的张开的反作用力，致使切刀容易断裂，同时钉砧和钉仓对组织的夹持效果变弱，待缝合生理组织也容易脱离钉砧和钉仓架的夹持，由此给医生操作带来不便，也会给手术带来很大的风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种钉仓组件及应用该钉仓组件的医用吻合器。
为实现上述发明目的之一，本发明一实施方式提供一种钉仓组件，包括钉仓、钉砧及切刀，所述切刀包括第一端部、第二端部，以及设置于所述第一端部和第二端部间的切割部，所述切割部上设有刀刃，其特征在于，所述钉仓组件还包括转轴和连接所述转轴的辅助闭合件，所述转轴相对所述刀刃设置于所述钉仓组件近端；
其中，所述钉仓组件还设有可驱动所述转轴转动的驱动构件，所述钉仓组件由初始状态转换至闭合状态的过程中，所述驱动构件驱动所述转轴带动所述辅助闭合件运动，并至少在所述钉仓组件位于闭合状态时，所述辅助闭合件的一端面抵靠所述钉砧，向所述钉砧施加一驱使所述钉砧向所述钉仓闭合的作用力。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述辅助闭合件包括凸轮，所述凸轮可绕所述转轴的轴线转动；
其中，所述钉仓组件由初始状态转换至闭合状态的过程中，所述驱动构件驱动所述转轴带动所述凸轮转动，并至少在所述钉仓组件位于闭合状态时，所述凸轮的凸轮面抵靠所述钉砧，向所述钉砧施加一驱使所述钉砧向所述钉仓闭合的作用力。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述钉仓组件在击发过程中，所述作用力始终作用于所述钉砧。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述钉仓组件在击发过程中，所述切刀朝向所述钉仓组件的远端移动，所述驱动构件与所述转轴分离，且所述转轴在脱离所述驱动构件后保持静止。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述钉仓组件在击发完成后回复初始状态的过程中，所述切刀由所述钉仓组件的远端朝向所述钉仓组件的近端移动，所述驱动构件驱动所述转轴以带动所述凸轮转动，使所述凸轮面与所述钉砧分离。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述驱动构件包括第一驱动面和第二驱动面，所述钉仓组件由初始状态转换至闭合状态的过程中，所述第一驱动面驱动所述转轴向第一方向转动；所述钉仓组件在击发完成后回复初始状态的过程中，所述第二驱动面驱动所述转轴向第二方向转动，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相反。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述转轴形成有凹部、接触部、凸部，所述钉仓组件由初始状态转换至闭合状态的过程中，所述第一驱动面逐渐靠近并接触所述接触部以带动所述转轴向第一方向转动；所述钉仓组件在击发过程中，所述驱动构件与所述转轴分离；所述钉仓组件在击发完成后回复初始状态的过程中，所述第二驱动面逐渐靠近并接触所述凸部以带动所述转轴向第二方向转动。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述钉仓组件还包括钉仓架、钉仓连接件及转接头，所述钉仓可拆装地连接所述钉仓架，所述钉仓连接件位于所述钉仓架的近端，所述转接头连接所述钉仓连接件及所述钉仓架；
其中，所述转接头和所述钉仓架配合形成一允许所述转轴在内转动的容置空间，所述转轴至少部分设置于所述容置空间内，并被所述容置空间限位。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述转接头设有配合所述钉仓架的固定部，所述固定部靠近所述钉仓架的端面设置为第一弧形面，所述钉仓架上延伸有位置与所述固定部对应的凸起，所述凸起靠近所述固定部的端面设有第二弧形面，所述第一弧形面和所述第二弧形面共同限定出所述容置空间。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述钉砧上设有允许所述切刀通过的走刀 槽，所述钉仓组件包括两个所述凸轮，所述两个凸轮分别位于所述切刀切割部的两侧，且可同时接触所述走刀槽两侧的钉砧。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述钉仓组件还包括，
钉仓架，用于容置可拆卸地钉仓；
推刀杆，用于驱动所述切刀运动；
所述辅助闭合件可移动地设置于所述钉仓架内，包括：滑动块和连杆；所述转轴枢接于所述钉仓架上并可相对于钉仓架旋转，所述连杆的两端分别枢接所述滑动块与所述转轴；
其中，所述推刀杆驱动所述切刀向远端运动时，所述驱动构件能够驱动所述转轴旋转并通过所述连杆带动所述滑动块，使所述滑动块移动至所述钉砧近端的下方；
所述切刀向近端运动复位时，所述驱动构件能够驱动所述滑动块向近端移动复位，并通过连杆带动所述转轴反转复位。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述驱动构件包括设置于所述切刀上的第一驱动面、近端面和驱动槽；所述第一驱动面位于所述驱动槽的近端上內缘，所述近端面位于所述驱动槽的下方外缘。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述连杆的一端设有第一销孔，其另一端设有第二销孔；
所述滑动块设有具有上端面的主体、第一销轴和具有远端面的抵接部；所述第一销轴和连杆的第一销孔相配合，所述抵接部的远端面可与所述切刀的近端面相配合用于对滑动块进行复位。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述转轴设有第二销轴、驱动轴、第一侧轮、第二侧轮；所述第二销轴与所述连杆的第二销孔相配合，所述第一侧轮和第二侧轮的横向外端部枢接于钉仓架上，所述第一侧轮和第二侧轮的横向内端部之间通过所述驱动轴连接；
其中，所述推刀杆驱动所述切刀向远端运动时，所述切刀的第一驱动面与所述转轴的驱动轴相配合使所述转轴旋转，并通过所述连杆带动所述滑动块，使所述滑动块的主体的上端面移动至所述钉砧近端下方；当所述转轴旋转一定角度后，所述切刀的第一驱动面与所述转轴的驱动轴在竖直方向上发生错位，使得所述切刀与所述转轴分离，所述转轴停止旋转，所述切刀继续向远端运动；
所述切刀向近端运动复位时，所述切刀的近端面与所述滑动块的远端面接触，推动所述滑动块向近端移动复位，并通过连杆带动转轴复位反转。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，在初始状态下，所述驱动轴容置于所述切刀 的驱动槽中。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述转轴的第二销轴位于所述第二侧轮上且第二销轴的轴线方向平行于钉仓架的横向方向；第二侧轮具有容纳第二销轴和连杆的容置空间，当转轴发生旋转时，该容置空间可以为连杆围绕第二销轴的转动提供足够的枢转空间。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述驱动轴的背离第二销轴的一侧设有避让槽，以容置所述切刀的驱动槽下部的结构。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述转轴的驱动轴截面为D字形、三角形、圆形、矩形、方形或不规则形状。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，在平行于所述钉仓架底面且垂直于所述滑动块轴向的方向上，所述滑动块的第一销轴与抵接部交错地布置在所述主体的远端。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述滑动块的主体近端设有导向部，所述导向部为自所述滑动块主体的近端延伸出来的导向块或设置于所述滑动块上的导向槽。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述导向部、所述抵接部与所述转轴、所述切刀的中轴线大致重合，所述连杆平行地偏置于该中轴线一侧。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述切刀驱动所述转轴直至与所述转轴分离的过程中，所述转轴的最大旋转角度大于45度、小于150度。
为实现上述发明目的之一，本发明一实施方式提供一种医用吻合器，所述医用吻合器包括如上任意技术方案所述的钉仓组件。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：本发明的钉仓组件及应用该钉仓组件的医用吻合器可有效减小在使用过程中切刀所承受的张力，防止切刀断裂。
附图说明
图1是本发明一实施方式的医用吻合器结构示意图；
图2是本发明一实施方式中钉仓组件的部分爆炸示意图；
图3是本发明第一实施例式中凸轮、转轴立体图；
图4是本发明第一实施例中转轴结构示意图；
图5是本发明第一实施例中凸轮结构示意图；
图6是本发明第一实施例中钉仓组件处于初始状态时转轴的截面示意图；
图7是图6局部放大结构示意图；
图8是本发明第一实施例中转轴固定的截面示意图；
图9是图8局部放大结构示意图；
图10是本发明第一实施例中钉仓组件处于初始状态时凸轮的截面示意图；
图11是图10局部放大结构示意图；
图12是本发明第一实施例中钉仓组件由初始状态转换至闭合状态的过程中转轴的截面示意图；
图13是图12局部放大结构示意图；
图14是本发明第一实施例式中钉仓组件处于闭合状态时凸轮的截面示意图；
图15是图14局部放大结构示意图；
图16是本发明第一实施例中钉仓组件在击发过程中转轴的截面示意图；
图17是图16局部放大结构示意图；
图18是本发明第一实施例中钉仓组件在击发完成后回复初始状态的过程中转轴的截面示意图；
图19是图18局部放大结构示意图；
图20是本发明第一实施例中钉仓组件回复初始状态后的凸轮的截面示意图；
图21是图20局部放大结构示意图；
图22为本发明第二实施例中吻合器钉仓组件的部分爆炸示意图；
图23为本发明第二实施例中钉仓组件的部分结构示意图；
图24为图23中结构装配后的俯视图；
图25为本发明第二实施例中钉仓组件装配后的俯视图；
图26A为图25中沿A-A线的剖视图；
图26B为图25中沿B-B线的剖视图；
图27为图26A中沿C-C线的剖视图；
图28A为图26A中D部分初始状态下的放大图；
图28B为图26B中E部分初始状态下的放大图；
图29A为图26A中D部分第二状态下的放大图；
图29B为图26B中E部分第二状态下的放大图；
图30A为图26A中D部分第三状态下的放大图；
图30B为图26B中E部分第三状态下的放大图；
图31A为图26A中D部分第四状态下的放大图；
图31B为图26B中E部分第四状态下的放大图；
图32为图26A中D部分复位时的放大图；
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图所示的具体实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。但这些实施方式并不限制本发明，本领域的普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所做出的结构、方法、或功能上 的变换均包含在本发明的保护范围内。
本发明内所描述的表达位置与方向的词，均是以器械操作者作为参照，靠近操作者的一端为近端，远离操作者的一端为远端。
在本发明的实施方式中，以腔镜外科切割吻合器为示例对本发明的医用吻合器做具体的阐释，但应当说明的是，在下述的实施方式中所涉及的技艺精神可以被替换地利用到其它形式的吻合器上。
如图1、图2所示，医用吻合器用于将多个缝合钉施加到人体的生理组织上，同时相应的对生理组织实施切割。所述医用吻合器包括器械本体10、与器械本体10配接的旋圈20，以及枢轴连接所述器械本体10的击发把手30。
所述器械本体10的远端还设有钉仓组件40。
所述钉仓组件40包括钉仓41、钉砧42、钉仓架43、钉仓连接件44以及切刀45。
所述钉仓架43可拆装地连接所述钉仓41。同时，所述钉仓架43用于将所述钉仓41与所述钉仓连接件44连接。
在本实施方式中，钉仓41和钉砧42被设置为可以相对地转动，当两者转动至打开状态时，被操作的目标生理组织可被置放于两者之间，随后，通过将两者相对转动至闭合状态，可夹紧位于两者之间的目标生理组织，以进行后续的切割及缝合操作。
在本实施方式中，当所述医用吻合器/钉仓组件40处于初始状态时，所述钉砧42的近端的钉砧尾受到外力作用，以保持所述钉砧42和钉仓41呈打开状，所述切刀45位于所述钉仓组件40的近端。
当所述医用吻合器/钉仓组件40处于闭合状态时，受所述切刀45驱动，所述钉砧42和钉仓41闭合，其间可夹紧目标生理组织，所述切刀45相对于所述初始状态而言，向所述医用吻合器/钉仓组件40的远端移动了一定距离，但总体而言仍然位于所述钉仓组件40的近端。
当所述医用吻合器/钉仓组件40处于击发状态时，所述钉砧42和钉仓41仍然保持闭合，所述切刀45由所述钉仓组件40的近端向远端移动，切割夹紧的生理组织，并可在所述钉仓组件40的远端受到限位停止移动。
当所述医用吻合器/钉仓组件40处于击发完成状态时，所述切刀45退回至初始状态位置，所述钉砧42和钉仓41呈打开状，所述切刀45位于所述钉仓组件40的近端。
在本实施方式中，如图2所示，所述切刀45包括第一端部451、第二端部452，以及设置于所述第一端部451和第二端部452间的切割部，所述切割部上设有刀刃453。
所述钉仓组件40还包括转轴50和连接所述转轴50的辅助闭合件，所述转轴50相对所述刀刃453设置于所述钉仓组件40近端。
所述钉仓组件40还设有可驱动所述转轴50转动的驱动构件51，所述钉仓组件40由初始状态转换至闭合状态的过程中，所述驱动构件51驱动所述转轴50带动所述辅助闭合件运动，并至少在所述钉仓组件40位于闭合状态时，所述辅助闭合件的一端面抵靠所述钉砧42，向所述钉砧42施加一驱使所述钉砧42向所述钉仓41闭合的作用力。
在本发明一实施方式中，如图2所示，所述钉仓架43包括远离所述钉砧42且与所述切刀45的第一端部451配合的第一抵触面432。所述钉砧42包括与钉砧面相背的且与所述切刀45的第二端部452配合的第二抵触面。
钉仓41、钉砧42、钉仓架43上形成有配合所述切刀45的走刀槽411、421、431。所述走刀槽411、421、431分别从所述钉仓41、钉砧42、钉仓架43的近端向其远端延伸。当所述钉仓41和所述钉砧42闭合后，所述走刀槽411、421、431可配合形成允许所述切刀45由所述钉仓组件40的近端朝向远端方向，或远端朝向近端方向移动的通道。
所述钉仓组件40还包括连接于所述切刀45近端的推刀杆47。所述推刀杆47可驱动所述切刀45由所述走刀槽411、421、431的近端向远端，或远端向近端移动。
下面分别结合第一实施例和第二实施例的附图，对所述钉仓组件40的结构进行详细说明。
首先，结合图3至图21对第一实施例进行说明。
参见图3和图4，在第一实施例中，所述转轴50包括两个侧轮505及位于两个侧轮505之间的驱动轴504，且所述转轴50的驱动轴504形成有至少一个凹部502及接触部501，所述凹部502的最低点相较于所述接触部501的最低点靠近所述转轴50的轴线O，即凹部502的最低点至轴线O的距离L1小于接触部501的最低点至轴线O的距离L2。所述转轴50还可包括至少一凸部503，凸部503可凸设于所述接触部501上非凹部502所在的位置。
参看图3和图5，在第一实施例中，所述辅助闭合件包括固定连接所述转轴50的凸轮52，所述凸轮52可绕所述转轴50的轴线O与所述驱动轴504同步转动。
在本实施例中，所述辅助闭合件包括两个所述凸轮52，两个凸轮52分别位于的所述驱动轴504的两侧，即是分别位于所述切刀45切割部的两侧。所述凸轮52设有凸轮面520，所述凸轮面520包括抵持部521及平滑部522，所述抵持部521的最高点相较于所述平滑部522的最高点远离所述转轴50的轴线O，即抵持部521的最高点至轴线O的距离L3大于平滑部522的最高点至轴线O的距离L4。
在第一实施例中，所述转轴50与所述凸轮52一体设置。当然，在具体实施时，所述转轴50还可与所述凸轮53分体设置。
参看图6和图7，在第一实施例中，所述驱动构件51形成于所述切刀45的切割部 的近端区域，设置为所述切刀45上的凹槽，与切刀45一体成形。当然，所述驱动构件51亦可与所述切刀45分离设置。
所述驱动构件51包括第一驱动面511及第二驱动面512，所述第一驱动面511位于所述第二驱动面512的近端。在本实施方式中，所述第一驱动面511可设为所述凹槽一端呈卡勾状的面，所述第二驱动面512设置为与所述第一驱动面511相对的面。
如图8及图9所示，所述钉仓组件40还包括转接头53，所述转接头53用于连接所述钉仓连接件44及所述钉仓架43。所述转轴50的两个侧轮505可设为圆柱，所述转接头53和所述钉仓架43配合形成一允许所述转轴50的侧轮505在内平滑转动的容置空间，所述转轴50的两个侧轮505至少部分设置于所述容置空间内。如此，实现对所述转轴50的支撑，并限制所述转轴50仅能于所述容置空间内转动。
所述转接头53设有配合所述钉仓架43的固定部531，所述固定部531靠近所述钉仓架43的端面设置为第一弧形面5311。所述钉仓架43上凸伸出位置与所述固定部531对应的凸起431，所述凸起431靠近所述固定部531的端面设有第二弧形面4311。所述第一弧形面5311和所述第二弧形面4311共同限定出所述容置空间。
在本实施方式中，所述转接头53包括分别位于所述切刀45切割部两侧的两个所述固定端531，所述钉仓架43包括两个相应的凸起431，所述转轴50的周向外表面与所述第一弧形面5311和所述第二弧形面4311相适配，并被限位于所述两个固定端531及所述两个凸起431之间。
本实施例的钉仓组件40的具体工作过程如下：
如图6-图11所示，钉仓组件40处于初始状态，所述第一驱动面511远离所述驱动轴504，所述凸轮52的平滑部522邻近钉砧42，平滑部522与钉砧42之间具有一定距离，所述凸轮52与钉砧42相互分离。
如图12-图15所示，钉仓组件40由初始状态转换至闭合状态的过程中，切刀45朝向钉仓组件40的远端移动，使得钉砧42朝向钉仓41转动实现闭合，所述第一驱动面511逐渐靠近并接触驱动轴504的接触部501以带动所述转轴50向第一方向转动，凸轮52与所述转轴50同步转动且凸轮52的抵持部521逐渐靠近并抵持钉砧42，并至少在钉仓组件40位于闭合状态时，两个凸轮52同时抵持所述走刀槽421两侧的钉砧42，向所述钉砧42施加驱使所述钉砧42向所述钉仓41闭合的作用力，同时所述驱动轴504的所述凹部502转动至所述第一驱动面511靠近所述钉仓架43的部分。如此，可通过所述凸轮52辅助所述钉砧42与钉仓41之间的闭合，相应的减小切刀45承受的张力。
如图16-图17所示，由于在闭合后，所述驱动轴504的所述凹部502转动至所述第一驱动面511的靠近所述钉仓架43的部分，即使切刀45继续向远端移动，所述驱动轴 504也不能继续与第一驱动面511配合而发生转动。因此，钉仓组件40在开始击发时，切刀45继续朝向钉仓组件40的远端移动，所述驱动构件51与所述转轴50分离，切刀45可以脱离转轴50继续朝向钉仓组件40远端移动，所述转轴50在脱离所述驱动构件51的过程中始终保持静止，凸轮52的抵持部521始终抵持钉砧42，抵持部521始终辅助闭合所述钉砧42和钉仓41，保证所述钉仓组件40在击发过程中，所述作用力始终作用于所述钉砧42的近端部。
如图18-图21所示，钉仓组件40在击发完成后回复初始状态的过程中，切刀45由所述钉仓组件40的远端朝向钉仓组件40的近端移动，所述第二驱动面512逐渐靠近并接触凸部503以带动所述转轴50向第二方向转动，凸轮52的抵持部521脱离钉砧42，最终使得所述凸轮52与钉砧42相互分离。
当钉仓组件40在击发完成后，所述凸轮52、所述转轴50、所述切刀45均回复到初始状态。其中，所述第二方向与所述第一方向相反，以附图所示角度，所述第一方向为顺时针方向，所述第二方向为逆时针方向。
本发明一实施例的凸轮52在驱动构件51及转轴50的作用下转动，且凸轮52至少在闭合状态时抵靠钉砧42而辅助钉砧42朝向钉仓41闭合，从而使得切刀45所承受的张力减小，防止切刀45断裂。在钉仓组件40闭合状态及击发过程中，凸轮52的凸轮面520始终抵持钉砧42，进一步降低在击发过程中切刀45所承受的张力，同时避免了由于切刀45承受张力较大导致的缝合钉成型不良的问题，降低了手术风险。
下面结合图22至图32，对第二实施例进行说明。
首先，参看图22，与第一实施例相同的，本发明第二实施例提供一种吻合器钉仓组件40，包括钉仓架43、钉砧42、切刀45、推刀杆47、转轴50和所述辅助闭合件。钉仓架43用于容置可拆卸的钉仓(未示出)；钉砧42上设置有与钉仓上的置钉孔和置钉孔内的缝合钉相对应的钉成型槽，用于缝合目标生理组织；切刀45用于离断目标生理组织，包括但不限于横截面呈工字型的工字刀；推刀杆47用于驱动切刀45运动以夹闭目标生理组织，同时可以实施对目标生理组织的切割和缝合。
参看图23，与第一实施例不同点包括，在第二实施例中，所述转轴50与所述辅助闭合件分体活动设置。
具体的，所述转轴50包括第一侧轮5051和第二侧轮5052、位于所述第一侧轮5051与所述第二侧轮5052之间的驱动轴504、及第二销轴506。所述转轴50通过所述第一侧轮5051和/或所述第二侧轮5052枢接于钉仓架43上并可相对于钉仓架43旋转一定角度，如沿顺时针方向旋转30～120度。
所述辅助闭合件设置于钉仓架43内，包括：滑动块62和连杆63，所述连杆63的 两端分别枢接滑动块62与转轴50。
当推刀杆47驱动切刀45向远端运动时，驱动构件51能够驱动转轴50旋转一定角度并通过连杆63带动滑动块62运动，使滑动块62可移动至钉砧42近端的下方，对钉砧42的近端起到支撑作用，辅助钉砧42的闭合；随着推刀杆47驱动切刀45继续向远端运动，驱动构件51与转轴50分离，转轴50停止旋转，切刀45仍然向远端运动直至吻合器完成对目标生理组织的切割和缝合；该吻合器完成对目标生理组织的切割和缝合后，拉动切刀45由远端向近端运动进行复位时，驱动构件51能够驱动滑动块62的远端使滑动块62向近端移动并复位，同时滑动块62通过连杆63带动转轴50反向旋转并复位。
如图23和图24所示，吻合器的钉仓组件40中，所述驱动构件51包括设置于切刀45的近端上的第一驱动面511、近端面513和驱动槽514。所述驱动构件51与所述切刀45一体成型，因此，所述驱动构件51对所述转轴50和/或所述滑动块62的驱动作用，也就是所述切刀45对所述转轴50和/或所述滑动块62的驱动作用。第一驱动面511位于驱动槽514近端的上內缘，驱动槽514的端面可大致呈带有圆角的三角形、梯形或其他不规则形状，并设有缺口，近端面513可位于驱动槽514的缺口下方外缘处。
参图23，连杆63的近端和远端可进一步设有第一销孔631和第二销孔632，优选为圆孔。
滑动块62可进一步设有具有上端面621a的主体621、第一销轴622、具有远端面623a的抵接部623，在平行于所述钉仓架43底面且垂直于所述滑动块62轴向的方向上，第一销轴622与抵接部623交错布置在主体621的远端。第一销轴622和连杆63的第一销孔631相配合，第一销轴622优选为圆柱销，这样，连杆63可在抵接部623的横侧方围绕第一销轴622枢转，即抵接部623不会对连杆63的运动产生干涉。主体621的上端面621a在滑动块62移动至钉砧42近端的下方时，该上端面621a抵靠并支撑钉砧42的近端给钉砧42的近端施加一定的支撑力，该支撑力驱使所述钉砧42向所述钉仓闭合，以辅助钉砧42的闭合；在拉动切刀45由远端向近端运动进行复位时，远端面623a可与切刀45的近端面513相配合用于驱动滑动块62向近端移动进行复位。
滑动块62的主体621近端还可以设有导向部624，如图23和图27所示，导向部624可以是自滑动块62的主体621的近端延伸出来的导向块，相应地，钉仓架43上可设有与其相配合的导向槽431；作为另一可替换的实施例，导向部624也可以是设置在滑动块62上的导向槽，相应地，钉仓架43上可设有与其相配合的导向块(未示出)。通过限定导向部624的移动路线来限定滑动块62的移动路线，有利于滑动块62沿设定的路线进行移动和复位。从图24中可见，导向部624、抵接部623与转轴50、切刀45 的中轴线大致重合，连杆63平行地偏置于该中轴线一侧。
转轴50的第一侧轮5051和第二侧轮5052的横向外端部枢接于钉仓架43上，使得转轴50可相对钉仓架43发生旋转；第一侧轮5051和第二侧轮5052的横向内端部之间通过驱动轴504连接。驱动轴504可转动地容置于切刀45的驱动槽514中，当切刀45在推刀杆47的作用下向远端运动时，驱动构件51的第一驱动面511可带动驱动轴504运动，由于转轴50通过第一侧轮5051和第二侧轮5052枢接于钉仓架43上，因此，驱动轴504在驱动构件51的第一驱动面511的驱动下相对于钉仓架43发生转动，与此同时，驱动轴504带动转轴50整体旋转，并进一步通过连杆63带动滑动块62向远端方向移动。
作为优选方案，初始状态下，也即吻合器的钉仓组件40处于待击发状态，切刀45的近端面513位于钉仓架43的近端，驱动轴504容置于切刀45的驱动槽514中，但第一驱动面511与驱动轴504不接触，并有一定距离，当然，第一驱动面511也可以与驱动轴504相接触，但二者之间并无相互作用力。本发明中，驱动轴504的截面例如可以设置为D字形、三角形、圆形、矩形、方形、不规则形状等，本发明不以此为限。
第二销轴506位于第二侧轮5052上且第二销轴506的轴线方向平行于钉仓架43的横向方向，可随转轴50的整体旋转而发生相应运动。第二销轴506与连杆63的第二销孔632相配合，优选为圆柱销，通过上述配合使得滑动块62与转轴50相连；第二侧轮5052具有容纳第二销轴506和连杆63的容置空间，且当转轴50发生旋转时，该容置空间可以为连杆63围绕第二销轴506的转动提供足够的枢转空间；在第二实施例中，如图23所示，该容置空间为连接第二销轴506且与第二销轴506的轴线方向相垂直的切面。作为另一可替换的实施方式，该容置空间也可以是连接第二销轴506且可为连杆63提供安装空间和枢转空间的凹槽(未图示)。
驱动轴504背离第二销轴506的一侧(图23中驱动轴504下方)可进一步设置一避让槽507，以容置滑动块62的抵接部623或切刀45驱动槽514下部的结构，当转轴50旋转并带动滑动块62向远端移动时，或切刀45向近端运动复位时，滑动块62的抵接部623和切刀45的驱动槽514下部的结构可穿过避让槽507，以避免抵接部623和驱动槽514下部的结构干涉驱动轴504的运动。
在第二实施例中，当推刀杆47驱动切刀45向远端运动时，驱动构件51的第一驱动面511与转轴50的驱动轴504相配合并使转轴50旋转一定角度，如沿顺时针方向的最大旋转角度大约为45度～150度，本实施例中转轴50最大旋转130度，并通过连杆63带动滑动块62向远端滑动，使滑动块62的主体621的上端面621a逐渐移动至钉砧42近端下方。具体地说，以附图所示的角度，第一驱动面511带动驱动轴504使转轴 50沿顺时针方向旋转，同时第二销轴506通过连杆63带动滑动块62向远端移动，滑动块62的上端面621a逐渐移动至钉砧42近端的下方。在此过程中，切刀45的驱动槽514下部结构逐渐朝远端移动并退出转轴50的避让槽507，而滑动块62的抵接部623逐渐朝远端移动靠近转轴50的避让槽507。作为另一可替换的实施方式，根据切刀第一驱动面511在切刀45的驱动槽514上的设置位置，如第一驱动面511设置在驱动槽514近端的下内缘时，转轴50也可以发生逆时针旋转。
在驱动构件51的第一驱动面511的带动下，驱动轴504相对于钉仓架43发生转动，驱动构件51的第一驱动面511与转轴50的驱动轴504在竖直方向上逐渐发生错位，驱动轴504可移动至驱动槽514的缺口处，此时第一驱动面511无法继续带动驱动轴504，切刀45继续向远端运动，使得切刀45与转轴50分离，转轴50停止旋转，切刀45继续向远端运动直至完成缝合切割。
当切刀45向近端运动复位时，切刀45的近端面513与滑动块62的远端面623a接触，推动滑动块62向近端移动复位，并通过连杆63带动转轴50反转复位。在此过程中，滑动块62的抵接部623逐渐朝近端移动并远离转轴50的避让槽507，而切刀45中驱动槽514下部结构逐渐朝近端移动进入转轴50的避让槽507。
下面结合图25～图32，对本发明的钉仓组件40的使用过程进行详细说明。初始状态下，钉砧42位于钉仓架43上方，且二者呈一定角度打开，所述辅助闭合件设置于钉仓架43的近端，如图26A和图26B中D和E部分所示的局部结构。
如图28A和图28B所示，初始状态下，驱动构件51的第一驱动面511和转轴50的驱动轴504可以不接触并有一定距离，转轴50不会发生旋转，而滑动块62置于钉仓架43的近端。随着推刀杆47推动切刀45向远端运动，钉砧42在切刀45的作用下逐渐闭合，钉砧42的近端逐渐抬起。
如图29A和图29B所示，当切刀45向远端移动了一段距离之后，驱动构件51的第一驱动面511和转轴50的驱动轴504相接触，进入第二状态。如图29A所示，由于切刀45向远端的移动，滑动块62的远端面623a与切刀45的近端面513具有一定距离，此时推刀杆47推动切刀45继续向远端移动时，第一驱动面511带动驱动轴504发生顺时针转动，转轴50在驱动轴504的带动下开始旋转，第二销轴506通过连杆63带动滑动块62沿钉仓架43的导向槽431向远端移动，同时钉砧42逐渐闭合，其近端进一步向上翘起，如图29B所示；
随着切刀45继续进一步向远端移动，如图30A和图30B所示进入第三状态，驱动构件5145的第一驱动面511推动转轴50又旋转一定角度之后，在连杆63带动下，滑动块62又向远端移动了一段距离，并且滑动块62的上端面621a逐渐进入到钉砧42近 端的下方，对钉砧42的近端起到支撑作用，辅助钉砧42的闭合，同时由于滑动块62的移动，其远端面623a与切刀45的近端面513大致相接触；
当切刀45向远端继续移动时，如图31A和图31B所示进入第四状态，此时转轴50相对于初始状态已旋转约120度，驱动轴504进一步转动，驱动构件51的第一驱动面511与转轴50的驱动轴504在竖直方向上出现了错位，驱动轴504移动至驱动槽514的缺口处并逐渐与驱动槽514分离，此时驱动构件51就无法继续推动转轴50旋转，但切刀45可继续向远端移动进行击发，完成缝合切割。与此同时，滑动块62的远端面623a与切刀45的近端面513之间距离增加，重新分离，而转轴50在此角度下停止不动，同时滑动块62也向远端移动到达最大行程并停止移动。在切刀45缝合切割过程中，特别是针对厚组织时，滑动块62的上端面621a对钉砧42的近端起到支撑作用，辅助钉砧42的闭合，增加夹持力，减小切刀45的受力。
如图32所示，器械击发结束后，拉动切刀45向近端复位的过程中，切刀45的近端面513首先碰触到滑动块62的远端面623a，如图32所示，使得滑动块62向近端移动复位，并在连杆63的作用下带动转轴50反向枢转，最后转轴50的驱动轴504通过驱动槽514的缺口进入初始状态下的工作位置，完成转轴50的复位。
本发明第二实施例中，在切刀45向远端运动时，第一驱动面511可驱动转轴50旋转并带动滑动块62向远端移动，直至滑动块62到达支撑钉砧42的位置后转轴50停止旋转并与切刀45分离；在击发完成后，拉回切刀45时，切刀45的近端面513又可驱动滑动块62和转轴50复位，通过以上装置实现辅助闭合钉砧，减小切刀45受力，降低手术风险。
本发明的吻合器的钉仓组件40可用于不同规格和类型的腔镜吻合器和线性吻合器等产品中，包括但不限于切割长度为55mm、60mm、75mm、80mm、100mm、120mm、150mm的吻合器。
应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施方式中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施方式的具体说明，它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施方式或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种钉仓组件，包括钉仓、钉砧及切刀，所述切刀包括第一端部、第二端部，以及设置于所述第一端部和第二端部间的切割部，所述切割部上设有刀刃，其特征在于，所述钉仓组件还包括转轴和连接所述转轴的辅助闭合件，所述转轴相对所述刀刃设置于所述钉仓组件近端；
    其中，所述钉仓组件还设有可驱动所述转轴转动的驱动构件，所述钉仓组件由初始状态转换至闭合状态的过程中，所述驱动构件驱动所述转轴带动所述辅助闭合件运动，并至少在所述钉仓组件位于闭合状态时，所述辅助闭合件的一端面抵靠所述钉砧，向所述钉砧施加一驱使所述钉砧向所述钉仓闭合的作用力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述辅助闭合件包括凸轮，所述凸轮可绕所述转轴的轴线转动；
    其中，所述钉仓组件由初始状态转换至闭合状态的过程中，所述驱动构件驱动所述转轴带动所述凸轮转动，并至少在所述钉仓组件位于闭合状态时，所述凸轮的凸轮面抵靠所述钉砧，向所述钉砧施加一驱使所述钉砧向所述钉仓闭合的作用力。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述钉仓组件在击发过程中，所述作用力始终作用于所述钉砧。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述钉仓组件在击发过程中，所述切刀朝向所述钉仓组件的远端移动，所述驱动构件与所述转轴分离，且所述转轴在脱离所述驱动构件后保持静止。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述钉仓组件在击发完成后回复初始状态的过程中，所述切刀由所述钉仓组件的远端朝向所述钉仓组件的近端移动，所述驱动构件驱动所述转轴以带动所述凸轮转动，使所述凸轮面与所述钉砧分离。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述驱动构件包括第一驱动面和第二驱动面，所述钉仓组件由初始状态转换至闭合状态的过程中，所述第一驱动面驱动所述转轴向第一方向转动；所述钉仓组件在击发完成后回复初始状态的过程中，所述第二驱动面驱动所述转轴向第二方向转动，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相反。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述转轴形成有凹部、接触部、凸部，所述钉仓组件由初始状态转换至闭合状态的过程中，所述第一驱动面逐渐靠近并接触所述接触部以带动所述转轴向第一方向转动；所述钉仓组件在击发过程中，所述驱动构件与所述转轴分离；所述钉仓组件在击发完成后回复初始状态的过程中，所述第二驱动面逐渐靠近并接触所述凸部以带动所述转轴向第二方向转动。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述钉仓组件还包括钉仓架、钉仓连接件及转接头，所述钉仓可拆装地连接所述钉仓架，所述钉仓连接件位于所述钉仓架的近端，所述转接头连接所述钉仓连接件及所述钉仓架；
    其中，所述转接头和所述钉仓架配合形成一允许所述转轴在内转动的容置空间，所述转轴至少部分设置于所述容置空间内，并被所述容置空间限位。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述转接头设有配合所述钉仓架的固定部，所述固定部靠近所述钉仓架的端面设置为第一弧形面，所述钉仓架上延伸有位置与所述固定部对应的凸起，所述凸起靠近所述固定部的端面设有第二弧形面，所述第一弧形面和所述第二弧形面共同限定出所述容置空间。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述钉砧上设有允许所述切刀通过的走刀槽，所述钉仓组件包括两个所述凸轮，所述两个凸轮分别位于所述切刀切割部的两侧，且可同时接触所述走刀槽两侧的钉砧。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述钉仓组件还包括，
    钉仓架，用于容置可拆卸地钉仓；
    推刀杆，用于驱动所述切刀运动；
    所述辅助闭合件可移动地设置于所述钉仓架内，包括：滑动块和连杆；所述转轴枢接于所述钉仓架上并可相对于钉仓架旋转，所述连杆的两端分别枢接所述滑动块与所述转轴；
    其中，所述推刀杆驱动所述切刀向远端运动时，所述驱动构件能够驱动所述转轴旋转并通过所述连杆带动所述滑动块，使所述滑动块移动至所述钉砧近端的下方；
    所述切刀向近端运动复位时，所述驱动构件能够驱动所述滑动块向近端移动复位，并通过连杆带动所述转轴反转复位。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述驱动构件包括设置于所述切刀上的第一驱动面、近端面和驱动槽；所述第一驱动面位于所述驱动槽的近端上內缘，所述近端面位于所述驱动槽的下方外缘。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述连杆的一端设有第一销孔，其另一端设有第二销孔；
    所述滑动块设有具有上端面的主体、第一销轴和具有远端面的抵接部；所述第一销轴和连杆的第一销孔相配合，所述抵接部的远端面可与所述切刀的近端面相配合用于对滑动块进行复位。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述转轴设有第二销轴、驱动轴、第一侧轮、第二侧轮；所述第二销轴与所述连杆的第二销孔相配合，所述第一侧 轮和第二侧轮的横向外端部枢接于钉仓架上，所述第一侧轮和第二侧轮的横向内端部之间通过所述驱动轴连接；
    其中，所述推刀杆驱动所述切刀向远端运动时，所述切刀的第一驱动面与所述转轴的驱动轴相配合使所述转轴旋转，并通过所述连杆带动所述滑动块，使所述滑动块的主体的上端面移动至所述钉砧近端下方；当所述转轴旋转一定角度后，所述切刀的第一驱动面与所述转轴的驱动轴在竖直方向上发生错位，使得所述切刀与所述转轴分离，所述转轴停止旋转，所述切刀继续向远端运动；
    所述切刀向近端运动复位时，所述切刀的近端面与所述滑动块的远端面接触，推动所述滑动块向近端移动复位，并通过连杆带动转轴复位反转。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，在初始状态下，所述驱动轴容置于所述切刀的驱动槽中。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述转轴的第二销轴位于所述第二侧轮上且第二销轴的轴线方向平行于钉仓架的横向方向；第二侧轮具有容纳第二销轴和连杆的容置空间，当转轴发生旋转时，该容置空间可以为连杆围绕第二销轴的转动提供足够的枢转空间。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述驱动轴的背离第二销轴的一侧设有避让槽，以容置所述切刀的驱动槽下部的结构。
  18. 根据权利要求14所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述转轴的驱动轴截面为D字形、三角形、圆形、矩形、方形或不规则形状。
  19. 根据权利要求13所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，在平行于所述钉仓架底面且垂直于所述滑动块轴向的方向上，所述滑动块的第一销轴与抵接部交错地布置在所述主体的远端。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述滑动块的主体近端设有导向部，所述导向部为自所述滑动块主体的近端延伸出来的导向块或设置于所述滑动块上的导向槽。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述导向部、所述抵接部与所述转轴、所述切刀的中轴线大致重合，所述连杆平行地偏置于该中轴线一侧。
  22. 根据权利要求11至21中任一项所述的钉仓组件，其特征在于，所述切刀驱动所述转轴直至与所述转轴分离的过程中，所述转轴的最大旋转角度大于45度、小于150度。
  23. 一种医用吻合器，其特征在于，所述医用吻合器包括如权利要求1-22中任意一项所述的钉仓组件。
PCT/CN2015/098181 2014-12-31 2015-12-22 钉仓组件及应用该钉仓组件的医用吻合器 WO2016107450A1 (zh)

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