WO2016090756A1 - Carbon nanotube reinforced composite electrical contact material and preparation process therefor - Google Patents

Carbon nanotube reinforced composite electrical contact material and preparation process therefor Download PDF

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WO2016090756A1
WO2016090756A1 PCT/CN2015/073259 CN2015073259W WO2016090756A1 WO 2016090756 A1 WO2016090756 A1 WO 2016090756A1 CN 2015073259 W CN2015073259 W CN 2015073259W WO 2016090756 A1 WO2016090756 A1 WO 2016090756A1
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silver
contact material
copper
electrical contact
carbon nanotube
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PCT/CN2015/073259
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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翁桅
刘立强
颜小芳
宋振阳
夏承东
林万焕
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福达合金材料股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2016090756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016090756A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys

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  • the invention belongs to the field of electrical contact materials, and in particular to a carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material and a preparation process thereof.
  • the contact materials for conventional low-voltage electrical appliances are silver-based contacts and copper-based contact materials; conventional materials are AgNi, AgMeO, AgW, AgWC, AgC, and CuMe or CuMeO materials.
  • the connection between the matrix material of this type of material (silver or copper) and the reinforcing material (material other than silver or copper) is a direct connection. Under the action of electric arc, the reinforcing material is easy to cause aggregation due to poor wettability with the base material and large difference in specific gravity, which seriously affects the contact stability and anti-welding performance of the contact material.
  • silver-based contacts improve electrical properties primarily through the distribution of additives and additives. details as follows:
  • CN102800513A A method for preparing an electrical contact material, proposes a novel AgNi contact material, that is, a novel AgNi material coated with a metal element on the surface of nickel particles, and the problem of uniform distribution of metal elements between Ni and Ag is obtained. The problem of Ni wetting in the Ag matrix is achieved.
  • CN102324335A A method for preparing a composite electrical contact material discloses a copper-based contact material, the main feature of which is carbon nanotube coated copper.
  • Comparative Patent 3 discloses a patent for carbon nanotube-coated copper, which initially realizes the ability of copper-based materials to prevent oxidation.
  • the material has a complicated preparation process, and copper particles are used as raw materials to produce coarse copper particles (unable to reach carbon).
  • the role of complete protection of nanotubes the fact that some of the silver inside the material cannot be completely silver-free, is difficult to apply in industry.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material having good contact properties, excellent resistance to fusion welding performance, and good low-temperature contact resistance stability.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing the above-described carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is that the composite electrical contact material is a silver-based contact material or a copper-based contact material;
  • the silver-based contact material comprises the following components: 70-90% of the total mass percentage of silver or silver alloy on the surface of the carbon nanotubes, the balance being a reinforcing material;
  • the copper-based contact material comprises the following components: a surface-grown carbon nanotube copper or a copper alloy in a total mass percentage of 85-99%, with the balance being a reinforcing material.
  • the silver alloy has a content of more than 95% by weight, and the added element in the silver alloy is one of Ni, Cu, Bi, RE, Mg, Zn, a combination of two or more elements.
  • the copper content in the copper alloy is higher than 90% by weight
  • the added element in the copper alloy is one of Ni, RE, Bi, B, Zn, Al, a combination of two or more elements.
  • the reinforcing material is one or more combinations of SnO 2 , ZnO, CdO, Fe 2 O 3 , CuO, REO, MOO 3 , WO 3 , or the reinforcing material is tungsten, tungsten carbide, vanadium carbide, boron carbide, graphite, Ni.
  • the carbon nanotube growth area accounts for 50% to 100% of the surface area of the copper or copper alloy particles, silver or silver alloy powder.
  • the carbon nanotubes are single-walled or multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and the tube length is within 100 nm.
  • the composite electrical contact material is a silver-based contact material, and includes the following steps: the reinforcing material powder and the additive powder are chemical vapor deposition technology or any other carbon nanotube powder.
  • the reinforcing material powder and the additive powder are chemical vapor deposition technology or any other carbon nanotube powder.
  • the invention adopts carbon nanotubes to protect the reinforcing material in the silver/copper-based contact material, and utilizes the high specific surface area of the carbon nanotubes to increase the viscosity of the molten pool under the action of the arc, thereby reducing arc splashing and improving the contact material.
  • the ability to resist electric burning also utilizes the high specific surface area of carbon nanotubes, which increases the difficulty of aggregation (floating or precipitation) of reinforcing materials and additives in the molten pool.
  • the material composition of the ablative layer is stabilized after arcing, and the electrical contact material is ensured. Contact resistance stability during service.
  • the use of carbon nanotubes to protect copper and copper alloys of copper-based contact materials fully solves the low-temperature oxidation resistance of copper-based contact materials, so that copper-based contact materials can be used for relays with high requirements on contact resistance stability. in.
  • Fig. 1 is a graph of CuTe powder particles on which carbon nanotubes are grown on the surface. It can be seen from the photograph that the powder particles are like spines, and the carbon nanotubes are uniformly produced on the surface of the particles.
  • Silver-based contact material Ni10:Ag /CNTS: 90%, Ni: 10, wherein CNTS production covers 83-92% of the surface of AgTe particles, and the tube length is 30-60 nm.
  • the preparation process is as follows: AgTe powder is prepared by water atomization process, and AgTe powder is chemically vapor deposited in a tubular resistance furnace, the atmosphere is methane, and the chemical performance temperature is 300-800 °C.
  • the AgTe powder and the Ni powder having carbon nanotubes grown on the surface thereof are mixed, isostatically pressed, sintered, and extruded to prepare a (AgTe/CNTS) contact material having a relative density of 99%.
  • Ni10 wire contact prepared in this example
  • the physical properties of the Ni10 wire contact are as follows: density 10.19 g/cm3, resistivity 2.05 ⁇ cm, hardness (HV0.3) 109 (semi-hard state), tensile strength 354 MPa.
  • the preparation process comprises the following steps: preparing a CuTe powder by a water atomization process, adding CuTe powder to a uniformly dispersed aqueous solution of graphite oxide, and reducing the hydrated hydrazine to grow carbon nanotubes on the surface of the CuTe powder.
  • the CuTe powder and the WC powder having carbon nanotubes grown on the surface thereof are mixed, isostatically pressed, sintered, and extruded to prepare a (CuTe/CNTS) WC contact material having a relative density of 99%.
  • the physical properties of the (CuTe/CNTS) WC sheet contact prepared in this example are as follows: density 8.75 g/cm3, resistivity 2.45 ⁇ cm, hardness (HV0.3) 108 (semi-hard state)
  • the invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
  • the copper-based contact material of the present invention performs pre-warm rise, post-test temperature rise, length and length delay, breaking test, and electrical life test in the miniature circuit breaker DZ47-100.
  • the test results were confirmed.
  • the results show that the carbon nanotube-coated copper-based contact material prepared by the invention has a contact resistance of less than 60 m ⁇ after long-term air storage, and the temperature rise does not exceed 60 k after the test, and the length and length delay meet the requirements, and the breaking test can be passed.
  • the 10kA test, with an electrical life of nearly 12k is comparable to or even better than existing silver-based contact materials and can be used on small circuit breakers up to 100A.

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Abstract

A carbon nanotube reinforced composite electrical contact material and a preparation process therefor. The composite electrical contact material comprises a silver-based contact material and a copper-based contact material, wherein the ingredients of the silver-based contact material mainly comprise silver or a silver alloy, a reinforcing material, particles of which have carbon nanotubes grown on the surface thereof, and an additive; and the ingredients of the copper-based contact material mainly comprise copper or a copper alloy, particles of which have carbon nanotubes grown on the surface thereof, a reinforcing material and an additive. The composite electrical contact material and the preparation process therefor solve the problem that the reinforcing material in the silver-based contact material is agglomerated under the action of an electric arc; and the electrical performance of the material is improved, and the requirements for miniaturization of volume and optimization of performance of a low-voltage apparatus are satisfied.

Description

一种碳纳米管增强的复合电接触材料及其制备工艺 Carbon nanotube reinforced composite electric contact material and preparation process thereof 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于 电接触材料领域，具体是指一种 碳纳米管增强的复合电接触材料及其制备工艺。  The invention belongs to the field of electrical contact materials, and in particular to a carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material and a preparation process thereof.
背景技术Background technique
常规低压电器用触点材料为银基触点和铜基触点材料；常规材料为AgNi、AgMeO、AgW、AgWC、AgC以及CuMe或者CuMeO材料。该类材料基体材料（银或铜）与增强材料（除银或者铜外的材料）之间连接为直接连接。增强材料在电弧作用下，由于与基体材料的润湿性差、比重差大，很容易导致聚集，从而严重影响触点材料的接触稳定性和抗熔焊性能。The contact materials for conventional low-voltage electrical appliances are silver-based contacts and copper-based contact materials; conventional materials are AgNi, AgMeO, AgW, AgWC, AgC, and CuMe or CuMeO materials. The connection between the matrix material of this type of material (silver or copper) and the reinforcing material (material other than silver or copper) is a direct connection. Under the action of electric arc, the reinforcing material is easy to cause aggregation due to poor wettability with the base material and large difference in specific gravity, which seriously affects the contact stability and anti-welding performance of the contact material.
通过检索，银基触点主要是通过添加物和添加物分布状态改善电性能。具体如下：By searching, silver-based contacts improve electrical properties primarily through the distribution of additives and additives. details as follows:
1、CN102800513A一种电触头料的制备方法，提出了一种AgNi新型触点材料，即镍颗粒表面包覆金属元素的新型AgNi材料，该材料Ni与Ag之间添加金属元素均匀分布的问题，实现了Ni在Ag基体中润湿问题。1. CN102800513A A method for preparing an electrical contact material, proposes a novel AgNi contact material, that is, a novel AgNi material coated with a metal element on the surface of nickel particles, and the problem of uniform distribution of metal elements between Ni and Ag is obtained. The problem of Ni wetting in the Ag matrix is achieved.
2、CN102350502A 物理冶金包覆法银氧化锡的制备方法，公开了一种添加氧化物均匀分布在氧化锡表面，同样解决了SnO2颗粒在Ag基体内部润湿问题。2, CN102350502A The preparation method of the silver metal tin oxide by the physical metallurgical coating method discloses that the added oxide is uniformly distributed on the surface of the tin oxide, and the problem of the wetting of the SnO2 particles in the Ag matrix is also solved.
3、CN102324335A一种复合电触头材料的制备方法公开了一种铜基触点材料，主要特点是碳纳米管包覆铜。3. CN102324335A A method for preparing a composite electrical contact material discloses a copper-based contact material, the main feature of which is carbon nanotube coated copper.
对比专利1、2均实现了每一颗增强材料（氧化物、Ni）表面包覆添加物，解决了增强材料与银基体的润湿，但是由于添加物的表面较小、密度较低，无法完全解决增强材料聚集的问题，在多次电弧作用后，同样会出现熔焊和接触不稳定的问题。同时与常规混粉方法添加石墨烯、碳纳米管等触点材料相比，无法实现保证每一颗基体材料或者增强材料表面分布碳纳米管，同样无法保证电性能的均匀度。Comparing patents 1 and 2, the surface coating additive of each reinforcing material (oxide, Ni) is realized, which solves the wetting of the reinforcing material and the silver matrix, but the surface of the additive is small and the density is low. The problem of aggregation of reinforcing materials is completely solved, and after multiple arcing, the problems of fusion welding and unstable contact also occur. At the same time, compared with the conventional mixed powder method, adding contact materials such as graphene and carbon nanotubes, it is impossible to ensure the distribution of carbon nanotubes on the surface of each matrix material or reinforcing material, and the uniformity of electrical properties cannot be ensured.
同样铜基材料很容易在空气中氧化，其低温接触性能非常差，严重影响该类材料的使用和推广。对比专利3公布了一种碳纳米管包覆铜的专利，初步实现了铜基材料防氧化的能力，但是该材料存在制备工艺复杂、采用铜片为原料带来的铜颗粒粗大（无法到达碳纳米管完全保护的作用）、材料内部含有部分银无法实现完全无银化等问题，很难在工业上得到应用。Similarly, copper-based materials are easily oxidized in the air, and their low-temperature contact properties are very poor, seriously affecting the use and promotion of such materials. Comparative Patent 3 discloses a patent for carbon nanotube-coated copper, which initially realizes the ability of copper-based materials to prevent oxidation. However, the material has a complicated preparation process, and copper particles are used as raw materials to produce coarse copper particles (unable to reach carbon). The role of complete protection of nanotubes), the fact that some of the silver inside the material cannot be completely silver-free, is difficult to apply in industry.
技术问题technical problem
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术存在的缺点和不足，而提供一种接触性能好、抗熔焊性能稳定性优异以及低温接触电阻稳定性好的碳纳米管增强的复合电接触材料。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material having good contact properties, excellent resistance to fusion welding performance, and good low-temperature contact resistance stability.
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种上述碳纳米管增强的复合电接触材料的制备工艺。A second object of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing the above-described carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material.
技术解决方案Technical solution
为实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案是该复合电接触材料为银基触点材料或铜基触点材料；In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is that the composite electrical contact material is a silver-based contact material or a copper-based contact material;
所述银基触点材料包括以下组分：占总质量百分比为70-90%的表面生长着碳纳米管的银或者银合金，余量为增强材料；The silver-based contact material comprises the following components: 70-90% of the total mass percentage of silver or silver alloy on the surface of the carbon nanotubes, the balance being a reinforcing material;
所述铜基触点材料包括以下组分：占总质量百分比为85-99%的表面生长着碳纳米管铜或者铜合金，余量为增强材料。The copper-based contact material comprises the following components: a surface-grown carbon nanotube copper or a copper alloy in a total mass percentage of 85-99%, with the balance being a reinforcing material.
进一步设置是所述银合金中银的含量高于95wt%，该银合金中添加元素为Ni、Cu、Bi、RE、Mg、Zn中一种、两种或多种元素组合。Further, the silver alloy has a content of more than 95% by weight, and the added element in the silver alloy is one of Ni, Cu, Bi, RE, Mg, Zn, a combination of two or more elements.
进一步设置是所述铜合金中铜含量高于90wt%，该铜合金中添加元素为Ni、RE、Bi、B、Zn、Al中一种、两种或多种元素组合。Further, the copper content in the copper alloy is higher than 90% by weight, and the added element in the copper alloy is one of Ni, RE, Bi, B, Zn, Al, a combination of two or more elements.
进一步设置是所述增强材料为SnO2、ZnO、CdO、Fe2O3、CuO、REO、MOO3、WO3中一种或多种组合，或者该增强材料为钨、碳化钨、碳化钒、碳化硼、石墨、Ni、B中的一种或多种组合。Further, the reinforcing material is one or more combinations of SnO 2 , ZnO, CdO, Fe 2 O 3 , CuO, REO, MOO 3 , WO 3 , or the reinforcing material is tungsten, tungsten carbide, vanadium carbide, boron carbide, graphite, Ni. One or more combinations of B.
进一步设置是碳纳米管生长面积占铜或铜合金颗粒、银或者银合金粉表面积的50%-100%。Further, the carbon nanotube growth area accounts for 50% to 100% of the surface area of the copper or copper alloy particles, silver or silver alloy powder.
进一步设置是所述碳纳米管为单壁或多壁碳纳米管，管长在100nm内。Further, the carbon nanotubes are single-walled or multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and the tube length is within 100 nm.
为实现本发明的第二个发明目的，其技术方案是该复合电接触材料为银基触点材料，包括以下工序：增强材料粉和添加物粉采用化学气相沉积技术或者其他任何碳纳米管粉体表面生长技术，制备表面生长碳纳米管的增强材料粉和添加物粉，将表面生长碳纳米管的铜或者铜合金分析或银粉或者银合金粉经混粉、压锭、烧结、挤压等工艺，制备出银基触点材料。In order to achieve the second object of the present invention, the technical proposal is that the composite electrical contact material is a silver-based contact material, and includes the following steps: the reinforcing material powder and the additive powder are chemical vapor deposition technology or any other carbon nanotube powder. Body surface growth technology, preparation of surface-enhanced carbon nanotube reinforcing material powder and additive powder, copper or copper alloy analysis of surface growth carbon nanotubes or silver powder or silver alloy powder by mixing powder, ingot, sintering, extrusion, etc. , a silver-based contact material is prepared.
有益效果Beneficial effect
本发明采用碳纳米管对银/铜基触点材料中增强材料进行保护，利用碳纳米管的高比表面积，增加了电弧作用下产生熔池的粘度，从而减少电弧喷溅，提高触点材料的抗电烧损能力；同样利用碳纳米管高比表面积，增加了增强材料和添加物在熔池内聚集（漂浮或者沉淀）难度，电弧作用后烧蚀层材料成分稳定，保证了电触点材料在服役过程中接触电阻的稳定性。采用碳纳米管对铜基触点材料的铜和铜合金进行保护，充分解决了铜基触点材料低温抗氧化性能，使铜基触点材料可以用于对接触电阻稳定性要求较高的继电器中。The invention adopts carbon nanotubes to protect the reinforcing material in the silver/copper-based contact material, and utilizes the high specific surface area of the carbon nanotubes to increase the viscosity of the molten pool under the action of the arc, thereby reducing arc splashing and improving the contact material. The ability to resist electric burning; also utilizes the high specific surface area of carbon nanotubes, which increases the difficulty of aggregation (floating or precipitation) of reinforcing materials and additives in the molten pool. The material composition of the ablative layer is stabilized after arcing, and the electrical contact material is ensured. Contact resistance stability during service. The use of carbon nanotubes to protect copper and copper alloys of copper-based contact materials fully solves the low-temperature oxidation resistance of copper-based contact materials, so that copper-based contact materials can be used for relays with high requirements on contact resistance stability. in.
下面结合说明书附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步介绍。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是表面生长着碳纳米管的CuTe粉体颗粒图，从照片可以看到粉体颗粒像刺球，碳纳米管均匀生产在颗粒表面。 Fig. 1 is a graph of CuTe powder particles on which carbon nanotubes are grown on the surface. It can be seen from the photograph that the powder particles are like spines, and the carbon nanotubes are uniformly produced on the surface of the particles.
本发明的最佳实施方式BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
下面通过实施例对本发明进行具体的描述，只用于对本发明进行进一步说明，不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限定，该领域的技术工程师可根据上述发明的内容对本发明作出一些非本质的改进和调整。The present invention is specifically described by the following examples, which are only used to further illustrate the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The technical engineer in the field may make some non-essential improvements to the present invention according to the contents of the above invention. Adjustment.
实施例1Example 1
银基触点材料（AgTe/CNTS） Ni10：Ag /CNTS：90%，Ni：10，其中CNTS生产覆盖在AgTe颗粒83-92%表面，管长在30-60nm。制备工艺为：水雾化工艺制备AgTe粉，AgTe粉在管式电阻炉内化学气相沉积纳米管，气氛为甲烷、化学成绩温度在300-800℃。表面生长有碳纳米管的AgTe粉、Ni粉经混粉、等静压压锭、烧结、挤压制备成相对密度99%的（AgTe/CNTS）触点材料。Silver-based contact material (AgTe/CNTS) Ni10:Ag /CNTS: 90%, Ni: 10, wherein CNTS production covers 83-92% of the surface of AgTe particles, and the tube length is 30-60 nm. The preparation process is as follows: AgTe powder is prepared by water atomization process, and AgTe powder is chemically vapor deposited in a tubular resistance furnace, the atmosphere is methane, and the chemical performance temperature is 300-800 °C. The AgTe powder and the Ni powder having carbon nanotubes grown on the surface thereof are mixed, isostatically pressed, sintered, and extruded to prepare a (AgTe/CNTS) contact material having a relative density of 99%.
本实例制备的Ag/CNTS Ni10丝材触点物理性能如下：密度10.19g/cm3、电阻率2.05μΩ.cm、硬度(HV0.3)109（半硬态）、抗拉强度354MPa。Ag/CNTS prepared in this example The physical properties of the Ni10 wire contact are as follows: density 10.19 g/cm3, resistivity 2.05 μΩ·cm, hardness (HV0.3) 109 (semi-hard state), tensile strength 354 MPa.
实施例2Example 2
铜基触点材料(CuTe/CNTS)WC：WC：2%，CuTe/CNTS:98%，其中CNTS生长覆盖在Cu颗74-85%表面，管长在40-70nm。制备工艺为：水雾化工艺制备CuTe粉，CuTe粉添加到均匀分散的氧化石墨水溶液内，经水合肼还原，在CuTe粉表面生长出碳纳米管。表面生长有碳纳米管的CuTe粉、WC粉经混粉、等静压压锭、烧结、挤压制备成相对密度99%的（CuTe/CNTS）WC触点材料。Copper-based contact material (CuTe/CNTS) WC: WC: 2%, CuTe/CNTS: 98%, wherein CNTS growth covers 74-85% of Cu particles, and the tube length is 40-70 nm. The preparation process comprises the following steps: preparing a CuTe powder by a water atomization process, adding CuTe powder to a uniformly dispersed aqueous solution of graphite oxide, and reducing the hydrated hydrazine to grow carbon nanotubes on the surface of the CuTe powder. The CuTe powder and the WC powder having carbon nanotubes grown on the surface thereof are mixed, isostatically pressed, sintered, and extruded to prepare a (CuTe/CNTS) WC contact material having a relative density of 99%.
本实例制备的（CuTe/CNTS）WC片状触点物理性能如下：密度8.75g/cm3、电阻率2.45μΩ.cm、硬度(HV0.3)108（半硬态）The physical properties of the (CuTe/CNTS) WC sheet contact prepared in this example are as follows: density 8.75 g/cm3, resistivity 2.45 μΩ·cm, hardness (HV0.3) 108 (semi-hard state)
本发明不限于以上实施例。The invention is not limited to the above embodiments.
电性能试验Electrical performance test
对本发明实例材料进行电性能试验Conducting electrical properties tests on the material of the examples of the present invention
1、 银基（Ag/CNTS ）Ni10与常规AgNi10触点材料在CJX2-25电器上进行电寿命AC-8B测试，常规AgNi10材料在几十次左右焊接粘死失效，试验材料寿命超过过4000次，从而说明本发明材料抗电弧熔焊能力明显提升，同时观察电寿命测试后触点材料表面，发现常规AgNi10触点材料表面出现明显的银聚集和镍聚集区域，并且有开裂发生，试验材料基本无银聚集现象发生，同时开裂较小。1, silver base (Ag/CNTS Ni10 and conventional AgNi10 contact materials are tested for electrical life AC-8B on CJX2-25 electrical appliances. Conventional AgNi10 materials have been bonded and killed for dozens of times, and the test material life exceeds 4000 times, thus indicating that the material of the present invention is resistant to arcing. The welding capacity was significantly improved. At the same time, the surface of the contact material after the electrical life test was observed. It was found that the surface of the conventional AgNi10 contact material showed obvious silver aggregation and nickel accumulation, and cracking occurred. The test material was basically free of silver aggregation and cracking. Smaller.
2、 本发明的铜基触点材料在小型断路器DZ47-100进行事前温升、试后温升、长短延时、分断试验、电寿命试验。试验结果确认。结果证明本发明制备的碳纳米管包覆的铜基触点材料长时间空气存放后，接触电阻只有不到60mΩ，试前试后温升不超过60k，长短延时满足要求，分断测试可用通过10kA试验，电寿命接近12k，与现有银基触点材料相当、甚至更优，完全可以应用在100A以下小型断路器上。2, The copper-based contact material of the present invention performs pre-warm rise, post-test temperature rise, length and length delay, breaking test, and electrical life test in the miniature circuit breaker DZ47-100. The test results were confirmed. The results show that the carbon nanotube-coated copper-based contact material prepared by the invention has a contact resistance of less than 60 mΩ after long-term air storage, and the temperature rise does not exceed 60 k after the test, and the length and length delay meet the requirements, and the breaking test can be passed. The 10kA test, with an electrical life of nearly 12k, is comparable to or even better than existing silver-based contact materials and can be used on small circuit breakers up to 100A.

Claims (7)

  1. 一种碳纳米管增强的复合电接触材料，其特征在于：该复合电接触材料为银基触点材料或铜基触点材料； 所述银基触点材料包括以下组分：占总质量百分比为70-90%表面生长着碳纳米管的银或者银合金，余量为增强材料； 所述铜基触点材料包括以下组分：占总质量百分比为85-99%的表面生长着碳纳米管的铜或者铜合金，余量为增强材料。A carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material, characterized in that the composite electrical contact material is a silver-based contact material or a copper-based contact material; The silver-based contact material comprises the following components: 70-90% of the total mass percentage of silver or silver alloy with carbon nanotubes grown on the surface, and the balance being a reinforcing material; The copper-based contact material comprises the following components: copper or copper alloy having a total mass percentage of 85-99% of surface-grown carbon nanotubes, the balance being a reinforcing material.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的碳纳米管增强的复合电接触材料，其特征在于：所述银合金中银的含量高于95wt%，该银合金中添加元素为Ni、Cu、Bi、RE、Mg、Zn中一种、两种或多种元素组合。The carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein the content of silver in the silver alloy is higher than 95% by weight, and the elements added to the silver alloy are Ni, Cu, Bi, RE, Mg, One, two or more elements in Zn are combined.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的碳纳米管增强的复合电接触材料，其特征在于：所述铜合金中铜含量高于90wt%，该铜合金中添加元素为Ni、RE、Bi、B、Zn、Al中一种、两种或多种元素组合。The carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein the copper alloy has a copper content of more than 90% by weight, and the added elements of the copper alloy are Ni, RE, Bi, B, Zn, One, two or more elements in Al.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的碳纳米管增强的复合电接触材料，其特征在于：所述增强材料为SnO2、ZnO、CdO、Fe2O3、CuO、REO、MOO3、WO3中一种或多种组合，或者该增强材料为钨、碳化钨、碳化钒、碳化硼、石墨、Ni、B中的一种或多种组合。The carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing material is one or more combinations of SnO2, ZnO, CdO, Fe2O3, CuO, REO, MOO3, and WO3, or The reinforcing material is one or a combination of tungsten, tungsten carbide, vanadium carbide, boron carbide, graphite, Ni, B.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的碳纳米管增强的复合电接触材料，其特征在于：碳纳米管生长面积占铜或铜合金、银或者银合金颗粒表面积的50%-100%。The carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotube growth area accounts for 50% to 100% of the surface area of the copper or copper alloy, silver or silver alloy particles.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种碳纳米管增强的复合电接触材料，其特征在于：所述碳纳米管为单壁或多壁碳纳米管，管长在100nm内。The carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotubes are single-walled or multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and the tube length is within 100 nm.
  7. 一种如权利要求1所述的碳纳米管增强的复合电接触材料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述的复合电接触材料包括以下工序：铜或者铜合金粉、银或者银合金粉制备，采用化学气相沉积技术或者其他任何碳纳米管在粉体表面生长技术在铜或者铜合金粉、银或者银合金粉表面生长碳纳米管；生长着碳纳米管的粉、增强材料粉经混粉、压锭、烧结、挤压，制备成触点材料。一种如权利要求1所述的碳纳米管增强的复合电接触材料的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述的复合电接触材料包括以下工序：铜或者铜合金粉、银或者银合金粉制备，采用化学气相沉积技术或者其他任何碳纳米管在粉体表面生长技术在铜或者铜合金粉、银或者银合金粉表面生长碳纳米管；生长着碳纳米管的粉、增强材料粉经混粉、压锭、烧结、挤压，制备成触点材料。A process for preparing a carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein the composite electrical contact material comprises the following steps: preparation of copper or copper alloy powder, silver or silver alloy powder, The carbon nanotubes are grown on the surface of copper or copper alloy powder, silver or silver alloy powder by chemical vapor deposition or any other carbon nanotube growth technique; the powder of the carbon nanotubes is grown, the reinforcing material powder is mixed, Pressing, sintering, and extrusion are prepared into contact materials. A process for preparing a carbon nanotube-reinforced composite electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein the composite electrical contact material comprises the following steps: preparation of copper or copper alloy powder, silver or silver alloy powder, The carbon nanotubes are grown on the surface of copper or copper alloy powder, silver or silver alloy powder by chemical vapor deposition or any other carbon nanotube growth technique; the powder of the carbon nanotubes is grown, the reinforcing material powder is mixed, Pressing, sintering, and extrusion are prepared into contact materials.
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