CN102163505A - Silver-borazon switching apparatus contact material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silver-borazon switching apparatus contact material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102163505A CN102163505A CN2011100011905A CN201110001190A CN102163505A CN 102163505 A CN102163505 A CN 102163505A CN 2011100011905 A CN2011100011905 A CN 2011100011905A CN 201110001190 A CN201110001190 A CN 201110001190A CN 102163505 A CN102163505 A CN 102163505A
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- silver
- boron nitride
- borazon
- powder particle
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Abstract
The invention provides a silver-borazon switching apparatus contact material and a preparation method thereof. The material consists of the following materials in percentage by weight: 1 to 15 percent of borazon and the balance of silver. The silver-borazon contact material prepared by the method is a silver-based ceramic compound contact material in which second-phase borazon (BN) particles are dispersed in a silver base body; under the condition that the direct-current is 12V and the lamp load is 8*21W+5*5W (the impact current is 33A and the stable current is 16A), after 200,000 electrical endurance tests, the contact is eroded slightly, and no obvious contact material is transferred; therefore, the silver-borazon contact material has high arc erosion resistance and material transferring resistance as well as comprehensive performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of silver-pottery is electric contact material and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of arc ablation resistance, anti-material transfer, the silver of high comprehensive performance-boron nitride device for switching slider material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Electric contact is an element of directly bearing connection and branch deenergizing in the device for switching, to the safe operation decisive role of device for switching.Along with low-voltage electrical apparatuses such as current relay, contactor develop to high-power, miniaturization, high reliability direction, higher performance requirement has also been proposed supporting with it slider material: (1) good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity; (2) anti-electrical wear; (3) anti-melting welding ability is strong; (4) favorable mechanical processability.This means that the slider material of above-mentioned high comprehensive performance directly has influence on the life-span and the reliability height of electric contact and even device for switching.
At present, in low-voltage electrical apparatus, the asepsis environment-protecting slider material that substitutes Agcdo has Ag-SnO
2, Ag-SnO
2In
2O
3, Ag-ZnO, Ag-La
2O
3Etc. multiple metal oxide slider material.
1) CN101208762A has reported that Zn, Sn, Te and Ag with different proportion carry out silver-oxide based electric contact material that alloy oxidation generates;
2) CN101608279A has reported the SnO that contains the Different Weight degree in the Ag matrix
2, ZnO, CuO, NiO, In
2O
3, Bi
2O
3The silver oxide electrical contact material of component;
3) CN100369171C has reported a kind of silver base rare earth alloy contact material, is at Ag-SnO
2The basis on added rare earth metal Ce, Pr or the oxide of Nd and the oxide of metal Bi, In or Ti of certain content;
4) CN100430504C has reported a kind of Yin-Xi indium composite oxides electric contact material, this material is made of silver, tin indium composite oxides, wherein tin indium composite oxides can be tin and indium composite oxides, also can be the composite oxides that tin and indium add the 3rd constituent element, the 3rd constituent element be one or more in bismuth, copper, lead, the antimony; Tin indium composite oxides prepare by nitric acid oxidation method.
5) CN1180102C has reported the single or compound heavy rare earth metal oxide electric contact material of a kind of silver;
6) CN1113970C has reported a kind of AUTOMOTIVE RELAY electric contact material, the Ag-SnO that the Ag-Sn-In alloy of being made up of Sn, In and the Ag of Different Weight degree obtains through internal oxidation
2In
2O
3Or the Ag-SnO that obtains through internal oxidation by the Ag-Sn-In-Ni alloy that Sn, In, Ni and the Ag of Different Weight degree forms
2In
2O
3NiO.
7) CN1425781 has reported that material composition comprises a kind of in Fe, the Ni element, and the silver-base electric contact composite material that the composite oxides of La, Fe, Ni, Mn two elements or element and the Ag of aequum form, its preparation method are at synthetic LaMe1 in advance
xMe2
1-xO
yOn the composite oxides basis, add technology with interpolation phase LaMe1 as silver matrix by tradition
xMe2
1-xO
yComposite oxides and Fe or Ni metal dust and Ag powder mechanical mixture;
8) CN1436867 has reported that material composition constitutes LaSnO
3, surplus is the silver-base electric contact composite material that Ag forms, in this patent as the interpolation phase LaSnO of silver matrix
3The adding method also be to adopt traditional technology that adds.
9) CN1493711 has disclosed the preparation method of carbon nano-tube/silver-colored composite functional material;
10) CN1624175 has disclosed carbon nano-tube silver graphite electric contact material and preparation method thereof.The carbon nano-tube size is little, specific surface energy is high, and agglomeration very easily takes place in dispersion process, thereby it is inhomogeneous to cause in the composite material carbon nano-tube to be disperseed, and promptly exists wild phase to disperse uneven shortcoming.Measuring shows that carbon nano-tube resistivity is 10
-8～10
-6The Ω cm order of magnitude, the resistivity that is higher than silver matrix, and, the one dimension carbon nano-tube that distributes in silver matrix can produce strong scattering process to charge carrier, cause the resistivity of silver-based composite material to raise after the result of comprehensive function makes carbon nano-tube add, this does not meet the requirement of electric conducting material to low-resistivity.
11) CN101139663 discloses a kind of preparation method of silver nickel composite material, the mass ratio that can calculate its raw material nickel nitrate and silver nitrate according to embodiment 1～12 in its specification is in 1: 1.86～2.60 scopes, in the products obtained therefrom AgNi composite material composition content of Ni up to mass percent in 16.3～21.4% scopes.The main shortcoming that silver nickel composite material exists is that its resistance fusion welding can be relatively poor, particularly having under surge current existence or the high ambient conditions, thereby melting welding easily takes place and can produce tangible material transfer phenomenon to cause the failure damage of contact in the silver nickel material, and therefore silver nickel composite material only uses on the auxiliary contact of low capacity control apparatuses such as relay below the 15A and contactor at present.
12) CN1146931C has reported that a kind of Ag-ZnO is the preparation method of electric contact material.
In sum, all be to utilize the decomposition of oxide and distillation to consume the energy of a large amount of electric arc inputs contact in the arc erosion process of silver-metallic oxide slider material, cool off the contact; And exist with particle form in the contact surface molten bath by metal oxide, increase the viscosity of molten metal, reduce the loss that takes place because of liquid splash, obtain good switch operation characteristic thus.But find that in actual Application and Development above-mentioned slider material all has the general character deficiency: (1) under electric arc repeatedly acts on, SnO
2Composition is enriched in contact surface and causes that contact resistance increases, and temperature rise is higher.Have a strong impact on electric serviceability, still do not obtained satisfied the solution at present both at home and abroad; (2) because SnO
2High rigidity, Ag-SnO
2Material plasticity and ductility are poor.
The processing technology of contact not only influences its physical property but also influence its contact performance, as corrosion rate, arc motion, anti-fusion welding property etc.Ag-SnO
2Slider material can adopt the diverse ways preparation.Common Ag-SnO
2Preparation methods has internal oxidation, powder metallurgic method, chemical coprecipitation, reaction synthesis method, reaction spray-on process etc.At present, Ag-SnO
2The manufacturing process of slider material roughly is divided into two major sects, i.e. internal oxidation and powder metallurgic method.Two kinds of technologies cut both ways: 1) material of internal oxidation process preparation has the fine-grain structure, but radially produces uneven microstructure along sample, has barren district; There is oxide precipitation at the crystal boundary place, its conductivity low (only be conventional material half); Also be prone to crackle and destroyed at material surface upper edge granule boundary.Cause the electrical equipment serviceability poor because of material microstructure is unreasonable.2) powder metallurgical technique is not subjected to the restriction of constituent element composition, and the material disperse of preparation is even, has avoided barren district, and institutional framework is even; Preparation technology is simple, but contact density is lower than the internal oxidation process, and hardness is lower, and anti-arc erosion is weaker; Processing technology complexity, processing difficulties, lumber recovery is low, and the cost height is difficult for making the product that rivet or this class of sheet material need large deformation.The Western European countries tend to powder metallurgic method, Japan is mainly based on internal oxidation, but also actively develop the powder metallurgic method goods in recent years, this is because internal oxidation must add phosphide element accelerating interior oxidation rate in manufacture process, and the Costco Wholesale problem of phosphide element has limited the development of interior oxidation manufacturing process.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is at above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of silver-ceramic-like electric contact material and preparation method thereof is proposed: adopt the method for in the silver matrix material, adding the boron nitride ceramics wild phase, preparation silver-boron nitride electric contact material, its preparation process is simple, cost is low, and wild phase is uniformly dispersed, silver-boron nitride the slider material of this method preparation has good electrical contact performance, anti-arc erosion performance, anti-material transfer performance and good deformation processing performance etc., high comprehensive performance.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of silver-boron nitride device for switching slider material, this material is made up of boron nitride and silver, and its weight percent content is: boron nitride (BN) 1-15%, surplus is a silver (Ag).
Described silver-boron nitride switch contact preparation methods is one of following two kinds of schemes:
Scheme one
The first step: boron nitride, silver powder are put into grinding in ball grinder, it is fully mixed;
Second step: with boron nitride, the silver powder sintering that mixes, compression moulding, pressure is 200-800Mpa, and sintering temperature is 800-950 ℃, and sintering time is 2-6 hour;
The 3rd step: the material behind the sintering is carried out hot extrusion obtain wire rod or band.
The average grain diameter of described boron nitride, silver powder particle is between the 0.03-100 μ m.
Scheme two
The first step: the dispersion treatment of spherical boron nitride powder particle, the boron nitride powder particle is put into absolute ethyl alcohol, add the polyethylene glycol of absolute ethyl alcohol volume 1% again, adopt ultrasonic stirring to handle then 2-6 hour, dry stand-by then;
Second step: the spherical boron nitride powder particle after the dispersion treatment was put into silver at 1000 ℃ of melting 20-30 minutes, mechanical agitation 5-10 minute, cooling forming;
The 3rd step: the material after the melting is carried out hot extrusion obtain wire rod or band.
Described boron nitride is the spherical boron nitride powder particle, and the average grain diameter of particle is between 0.03-100 μ m.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention has developed the particle reinforced Ag-based slider material of a kind of new ceramics, and is nontoxic, belongs to the environment-friendly type slider material;
(2) silver-boron nitride slider material of the present invention's exploitation, preparation technology is simple;
(3) silver-boron nitride slider material of the present invention preparation is that second phase boron nitride (BN) particle dispersion is distributed in a kind of money base Ceramic Composite slider material in the silver matrix, silver-boron nitride the slider material of the present invention's preparation is at direct current 12V, the 8*21W+5*5W lamp carries (impulse current 33A, stabling current 16A) under, 200,000 the electric life experiment back contacts that move are ablated not serious, not having obvious slider material shifts, illustrate that silver-boron nitride slider material has good anti-arc erosion performance, anti-material transfer, high comprehensive performance.
Description of drawings
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the invention 5 prepared silver-boron nitride slider material high resolution scanning electron microscope photo.
Fig. 2 be the embodiment of the invention 5 prepared silver-boron nitride slider materials at direct current 12V, the 8*21W+5*5W lamp carries (impulse current 33A, stabling current 16A) down 200,000 electric lifes experiments of action back contact photo.
Fig. 3 be silver-nickel (0.15) slider material at direct current 12V, the 8*21W+5*5W lamp carries (impulse current 33A, stabling current 16A) down 200,000 electric lifes experiments of action back contact photo.
Fig. 4 be silver-tin dioxide (10) slider material at direct current 12V, the 8*21W+5*5W lamp carries (impulse current 33A, stabling current 16A) down 200,000 electric lifes experiments of action back contact photo.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
1, boron nitride (powder particle) 5% by weight percentage, surplus are silver (powder particle) batching.The average grain diameter of above-mentioned powder particle is between the 1-100 μ m;
2, boron nitride, silver powder were put into grinding in ball grinder 3 hours, it is fully mixed;
3, with the boron nitride, the silver powder compression moulding under 200Mpa pressure that mix;
4, with the base substrate of compression moulding at 900 ℃ of following sintering, sintering time is 4 hours;
5, the material behind the sintering is carried out hot extrusion and obtain wire rod or band.Extrusion ratio is 200.
Embodiment 2
1, boron nitride (nanometer spherical powder particle) 4% by weight percentage, surplus are silver (powder particle) batching.The average grain diameter of silver powder particle is between 1-100 μ m, and boron nitride powder adopts the ball shaped nano boron nitride powder, and average grain diameter is between 0.03-1 μ m;
2, boron nitride, silver powder were put into grinding in ball grinder 3 hours, it is fully mixed;
3, with the boron nitride, the silver powder compression moulding under 800Mpa pressure that mix;
4, with the base substrate of compression moulding at 900 ℃ of following sintering, sintering time is 3 hours;
5, the material behind the sintering is carried out hot extrusion and obtain wire rod or band.Extrusion ratio is 200.
Embodiment 3
1, boron nitride (nanometer spherical particle) 1% by weight percentage, surplus are the silver batching.The average grain diameter of spherical boron nitride powder particle is between 0.03-100 μ m;
2, the boron nitride powder particle is put into absolute ethyl alcohol, add the polyethylene glycol of absolute ethyl alcohol volume 1%ml again, adopt ultrasonic stirring to handle 2 hours, dry stand-by then;
3, the spherical boron nitride powder particle after the dispersion treatment is put into the silver melting, smelting temperature is 1000 ℃, adopts mechanical agitation 10 minutes, cooling forming;
4, the material after the melting is drawn to the wire rod or the band of final size.
Embodiment 4
1, boron nitride (nanometer spherical powder particle) 15% by weight percentage, surplus are silver (powder particle) batching.The average grain diameter of silver powder particle is between 1-100 μ m, and boron nitride powder adopts the ball shaped nano boron nitride powder, and average grain diameter is between 0.03-1 μ m;
2, boron nitride, silver powder were put into grinding in ball grinder 3 hours, it is fully mixed;
3, with the boron nitride, the silver powder compression moulding under 200Mpa pressure that mix;
4, with the base substrate of compression moulding at 920 ℃ of following sintering, sintering time is 2 hours;
5, the material behind the sintering is carried out hot extrusion and obtain wire rod or band.Extrusion ratio is 200.
Embodiment 5
1, boron nitride (nanometer spherical particle) 4% by weight percentage, surplus are the silver batching.The average grain diameter of spherical boron nitride powder particle is between 0.03-100 μ m;
2, the boron nitride powder particle is put into absolute ethyl alcohol, add the polyethylene glycol of absolute ethyl alcohol volume 1%ml again, adopt ultrasonic stirring to handle 3 hours, dry stand-by then;
3, the spherical boron nitride powder particle after the dispersion treatment is put into the silver melting, smelting temperature is 1000 ℃, adopts mechanical agitation 20 minutes, cooling forming;
4, the material after the melting is drawn to the wire rod or the band of final size.
Fig. 1 is the prepared silver of present embodiment-boron nitride slider material high resolution scanning electron microscope photo, therefrom second phase boron nitride (BN) particle dispersion is uniformly distributed in the silver matrix as can be seen, play the effect of strengthening slider material, boron nitride has high-termal conductivity, its conductive coefficient is 33W/M.K, and is the same with pure iron, and this helps scattering and disappearing fast arc energy, reduce the slider material surface temperature, reduce the slider material surface erosion.
Fig. 2 is that the prepared silver of present embodiment-boron nitride slider material is at direct current 12V, the 8*21W+5*5W lamp carries (impulse current 33A, stabling current 16A) 200,000 electric lifes of action are tested the back contact photo down, pitting of contact is not serious as can be seen from photo, not having obvious slider material shifts, show that silver-boron nitride slider material has good anti-arc erosion performance, anti-material transfer, high comprehensive performance.
Fig. 3 be silver-nickel (0.15) slider material at present commonly used at direct current 12V, the 8*21W+5*5W lamp carries (impulse current 33A, stabling current 16A) 200,000 electric lifes experiments of action back contact photo (a is a negative electrode, and b is an anode) down.As can be seen from Figure 3 silver-nickel (0.15) slider material obvious slider material transfer occurs in electric life experiment back, and pitting of contact is serious.Fig. 4 be silver-tin dioxide (10) slider material at present commonly used at direct current 12V, the 8*21W+5*5W lamp carries (impulse current 33A, stabling current 16A) 200,000 electric lifes experiments of action back contact photo (a is a negative electrode, and b is an anode) down.As can be seen from Figure 4 the slider material transfer appears in silver-tin dioxide (10) slider material after the electric life experiment, and pitting of contact is serious.
Claims (2)
1. silver-boron nitride device for switching slider material is characterized by this material and is made up of boron nitride and silver, and its weight percent content is: boron nitride (BN) 1-15%, surplus is a silver (Ag).
2. silver as claimed in claim 1-boron nitride switch contact preparation methods is characterized by one of the following two kinds of schemes that adopt:
Scheme one
The first step: boron nitride, silver powder are put into grinding in ball grinder, it is fully mixed;
Second step: with boron nitride, the silver powder sintering that mixes, compression moulding, pressure is 200-800Mpa, and sintering temperature is 800-950 ℃, and sintering time is 2-6 hour;
The 3rd step: the material behind the sintering is carried out hot extrusion obtain wire rod or band.
The average grain diameter of described boron nitride, silver powder particle is between the 0.03-100 μ m.
Scheme two
The first step: the dispersion treatment of spherical boron nitride powder particle, the boron nitride powder particle is put into absolute ethyl alcohol, add the polyethylene glycol of absolute ethyl alcohol volume 1% again, adopt ultrasonic stirring to handle then 2-6 hour, dry stand-by then;
Second step: the spherical boron nitride powder particle after the dispersion treatment was put into silver at 1000 ℃ of melting 20-30 minutes, mechanical agitation 5-10 minute, cooling forming;
The 3rd step: the material after the melting is carried out hot extrusion obtain wire rod or band.
Described boron nitride is the spherical boron nitride powder particle, and the average grain diameter of particle is between 0.03-100 μ m.
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| CN2011100011905A CN102163505A (en) | 2011-01-05 | 2011-01-05 | Silver-borazon switching apparatus contact material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106238721A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-21 | 代长华 | A kind of composite contact material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111670261A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2020-09-15 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Electric contact and vacuum valve using same |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85100022A (en) * | 1985-03-28 | 1986-01-10 | 天津大学 | Compound coat with electric deposition |
| JPH0364425A (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1991-03-19 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electric contact material |
| JPH09111370A (en) * | 1995-10-12 | 1997-04-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Ag-tin oxide-boron nitride electrical contact material excellent in deposition resistance and consumption resistance |
| JPH09111369A (en) * | 1995-10-12 | 1997-04-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Ag-boron nitride electrical contact material excellent in deposition resistance and consumption resistance |
-
2011
- 2011-01-05 CN CN2011100011905A patent/CN102163505A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN85100022A (en) * | 1985-03-28 | 1986-01-10 | 天津大学 | Compound coat with electric deposition |
| JPH0364425A (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1991-03-19 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Electric contact material |
| JPH09111370A (en) * | 1995-10-12 | 1997-04-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Ag-tin oxide-boron nitride electrical contact material excellent in deposition resistance and consumption resistance |
| JPH09111369A (en) * | 1995-10-12 | 1997-04-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Ag-boron nitride electrical contact material excellent in deposition resistance and consumption resistance |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106238721A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-21 | 代长华 | A kind of composite contact material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106238721B (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-06-19 | 施海峰 | A kind of composite contact material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111670261A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2020-09-15 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Electric contact and vacuum valve using same |
| CN111670261B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2021-11-26 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Electric contact and vacuum valve using same |
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Application publication date: 20110824 |