WO2016090663A1 - 用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路和检测方法 - Google Patents

用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路和检测方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016090663A1
WO2016090663A1 PCT/CN2014/094085 CN2014094085W WO2016090663A1 WO 2016090663 A1 WO2016090663 A1 WO 2016090663A1 CN 2014094085 W CN2014094085 W CN 2014094085W WO 2016090663 A1 WO2016090663 A1 WO 2016090663A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch
module
voltage measurement
electrically connected
touch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/094085
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卢宇程
Original Assignee
深圳市华星光电技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司
Priority to US14/433,611 priority Critical patent/US9857407B2/en
Publication of WO2016090663A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016090663A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
    • G06F3/0418—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers for error correction or compensation, e.g. based on parallax, calibration or alignment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/14—Digital output to display device ; Cooperation and interconnection of the display device with other functional units
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/006—Electronic inspection or testing of displays and display drivers, e.g. of LED or LCD displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0443—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a single layer of sensing electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/12—Test circuits or failure detection circuits included in a display system, as permanent part thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of touch technologies, and in particular, to a detection circuit and a detection method for a self-capacitive touch screen.
  • In-cell touch screen technology includes both in-cell and on-cell.
  • the in-cell touch screen technology refers to embedding the touch panel function into the liquid crystal pixels
  • the on-cell touch screen technology refers to embedding the touch panel function between the color filter substrate and the polarizing plate.
  • in-cell touch screens can achieve thinner and lighter panels.
  • the self-capacitive touch detection technology is generally used to detect the touch point coordinates.
  • the principle is to make a plurality of sensing electrodes by using ITO on the glass surface, and the sensing electrodes respectively form a capacitance, and the capacitance is It is a self-capacitance, that is, the capacitance of the sensing electrode to ground.
  • the capacitance of the finger will be superimposed on the self-capacitance, so that the capacitance of the self-capacitance increases. Therefore, the position of the touch point can be detected by detecting the capacitance change of the capacitance of each of the sensing electrodes to the ground.
  • Each of the sensing electrodes is connected to the touch IC through a touch wire, and the touch IC realizes scanning of the sensing electrodes, thereby realizing the detection of the capacitance change of the self-capacitance, thereby implementing the touch operation.
  • each of the sensing electrodes is prone to open circuit or short circuit.
  • the sensing electrode itself may be disconnected or short-circuited, or the touch wire connected to the sensing electrode may be disconnected or short-circuited, thereby making it impossible to implement a touch operation. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a circuit capable of detecting the failure of the sensing electrode.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a detection circuit and a detection method for a self-capacitive touch screen, which can easily and effectively detect the sensing electrode.
  • a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a detecting circuit for a self-capacitive touch screen, the self-capacitive touch screen comprising a plurality of sensing electrodes arranged in a matrix and insulated from each other, each of the The sensing electrode is connected in one-to-one correspondence with a touch wire, and the detecting circuit comprises: a charging module, a voltage measuring module, a control module, a first switch, a second switch, and a multiplexer; each of the touch wires and a first channel of the multiplexer is electrically connected, a second channel of the multiplexer is electrically connected to one end of the first switch and one end of the second switch, the first switch The other end is electrically connected to the output end of the charging module, the other end of the second switch is electrically connected to the input end of the voltage measuring module, and the control module and the control end of the multiplexer respectively The control end of the first switch and the control end of the second switch are electrically connected; the
  • the control module includes a control logic unit and a pulse signal generating unit, the control logic unit is electrically connected to the pulse signal generating unit, and configured to cause the pulse signal generating unit to output a pulse signal, the multiplexing
  • the control end of the device is electrically connected to the control logic unit, and the output end of the pulse signal generating unit is electrically connected to the control end of the first switch and the control end of the second switch;
  • the first switch is N a type field effect transistor
  • the second switch is a P-type field effect transistor
  • the first switch is turned on when the pulse signal generating unit outputs a high level
  • the first switch is when the pulse signal generating unit outputs a low level
  • the second switch is turned on.
  • the voltage measurement module is a discharge circuit, configured to sequentially receive voltage measurement values fed back by at least one sensing electrode corresponding to the at least one touch wire and a parasitic capacitance formed by the ground;
  • the detection circuit further includes a processing module and a display module, the processing module and the output end of the voltage measuring module are electrically connected, configured to sequentially read the voltage measurement value and determine whether the voltage measurement value is within a predetermined range, the display module and the processing
  • the module is electrically connected, and is configured to: when the processing module determines that the voltage measurement value is within a first predetermined range, display normal information of the corresponding touch wire, and the processing module determines that the voltage measurement value is in a second predetermined When the range is within the range, the information about the corresponding touch wire breaking is displayed, and when the processing module determines that the voltage measurement value is within the third predetermined range, the corresponding touch wire short-circuit information is displayed.
  • the voltage measurement module includes an amplification circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and an input end of the amplification circuit is electrically connected to another end of the second switch, an output end of the amplification circuit, and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit
  • the input terminal is electrically connected, and an output of the analog to digital conversion circuit is electrically connected to the processing module.
  • the detection circuit further includes a storage module, and the storage module and the processing module are electrically connected to store the voltage measurement value.
  • the detection circuit further includes an indicator light, the indicator indicator is electrically connected to the processing module, and when the processing module determines that the voltage measurement value is not in the first predetermined range, the processing module controls the The indicator light illuminates to indicate that the corresponding sensing electrode has failed.
  • a detecting circuit for a self-capacitive touch screen comprising a plurality of matrix electrodes arranged and insulated from each other, each of which is The sensing electrode is connected in one-to-one correspondence with a touch wire
  • the detecting circuit comprises: a charging module and a voltage measuring module; the charging module is configured to be electrically connected to at least one of the touch wires in a detecting cycle, And simultaneously charging the corresponding parasitic capacitance formed by the at least one sensing electrode and the ground by the at least one touch wire; the voltage measuring module is configured to complete charging and the at least one touch at the charging module After the wires are disconnected, the at least one touch wire is electrically connected in sequence to sequentially obtain the voltage measurement value of the charged parasitic capacitance through the at least one touch wire, and output the voltage measurement value according to The voltage measurement value acquires a detection result corresponding to the normal or fault of the sensing electrode.
  • the detection circuit includes a control module, a first switch, a second switch, and a multiplexer, and each of the touch wires is electrically connected to a first channel of the multiplexer, a second channel of the multiplexer is electrically connected to one end of the first switch and one end of the second switch, and the other end of the first switch is electrically connected to an output end of the charging module, the second The other end of the switch is electrically connected to the input end of the voltage measuring module, and the control module and the control end of the multiplexer, the control end of the first switch, and the control end of the second switch Electrically connecting; controlling, by the control module, the multiplexer to select one end of the at least one of the touch wires and the first switch to be electrically connected, and controlling the first switch guide Passing to electrically connect the charging module and the at least one touch wire; the control module controls the first switch to be turned off after the parasitic capacitance is completed, and controls the multiplexer to sequentially Select the at least one touch One of the wires is electrical
  • the control module includes a control logic unit and a pulse signal generating unit, the control logic unit is electrically connected to the pulse signal generating unit, and configured to cause the pulse signal generating unit to output a pulse signal, the multiplexing
  • the control end of the device is electrically connected to the control logic unit, and the output end of the pulse signal generating unit is electrically connected to the control end of the first switch and the control end of the second switch;
  • the first switch is N a type field effect transistor
  • the second switch is a P-type field effect transistor
  • the first switch is turned on when the pulse signal generating unit outputs a high level
  • the first switch is when the pulse signal generating unit outputs a low level
  • the second switch is turned on.
  • the voltage measurement module is a discharge circuit, configured to sequentially receive voltage measurement values fed back by at least one sensing electrode corresponding to the at least one touch wire and a parasitic capacitance formed by the ground;
  • the detection circuit further includes a processing module and a display module, the processing module and the output end of the voltage measuring module are electrically connected, configured to sequentially read the voltage measurement value and determine whether the voltage measurement value is within a predetermined range, the display module and the processing
  • the module is electrically connected, and is configured to: when the processing module determines that the voltage measurement value is within a first predetermined range, display normal information of the corresponding touch wire, and the processing module determines that the voltage measurement value is in a second predetermined When the range is within the range, the information about the corresponding touch wire breaking is displayed, and when the processing module determines that the voltage measurement value is within the third predetermined range, the corresponding touch wire short-circuit information is displayed.
  • the voltage measurement module includes an amplification circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit, and an input end of the amplification circuit is electrically connected to another end of the second switch, an output end of the amplification circuit, and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit
  • the input terminal is electrically connected, and an output of the analog to digital conversion circuit is electrically connected to the processing module.
  • the detection circuit further includes a storage module, and the storage module and the processing module are electrically connected to store the voltage measurement value.
  • the detection circuit further includes an indicator light, the indicator indicator is electrically connected to the processing module, and when the processing module determines that the voltage measurement value is not in the first predetermined range, the processing module controls the The indicator light illuminates to indicate that the corresponding sensing electrode has failed.
  • another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a detecting method for a self-capacitive touch screen, the single-layer self-capacitive touch screen comprising a plurality of matrix electrodes arranged and insulated from each other, each The sensing electrodes are connected to the touch wires in a one-to-one manner, the method comprising: electrically connecting the charging module and the at least one touch wire in a detection cycle, so that the charging module passes the At least one of the touch wires charges the corresponding at least one sensing electrode and the grounded parasitic capacitance; the charging module and the at least one of the touch wires are disconnected after charging; and the voltage is turned off after being disconnected
  • the measuring module is electrically connected to the at least one touch wire in sequence, so that the voltage measuring module sequentially obtains the voltage measurement value of the charged parasitic capacitance through the at least one touch wire, and outputs the voltage measurement value. And acquiring, according to the voltage measurement value, a detection result that the sensing electrode is normal or faulty.
  • the step of outputting the voltage measurement value includes: displaying the voltage measurement value, or transmitting the voltage measurement value to a display module to display the voltage measurement value.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that, in the detection circuit of the present invention, in a detection cycle, the charging module first charges the parasitic capacitance formed by the sensing electrode and the ground through the touch wire, and the charging is completed. Thereafter, the voltage measurement module measures the voltage of the parasitic capacitance to obtain a voltage measurement value of the parasitic capacitance after charging.
  • the present invention obtains a voltage measurement value of the parasitic capacitance after charging, whereby the corresponding sensing electrode can be judged to be normal or faulty according to the
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a detecting circuit for a self-capacitive touch screen according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of a detecting circuit for a self-capacitive touch screen according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of still another embodiment of a detecting circuit for a self-capacitive touch screen according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for detecting a self-capacitive touch screen of the present invention.
  • the self-capacitive touch screen is a single-layer self-capacity in-cell touch screen, and a touch circuit that implements a touch function is embedded in a pixel structure.
  • the touch screen panel 20 includes a plurality of sensing electrodes 201 arranged in a matrix and insulated from each other.
  • the sensing electrodes 201 are used to sense touch signals, which are implemented by using common electrodes on the array substrate. Further, each of the sensing electrodes is formed by connecting all the common electrodes in one block together, and each of the sensing electrodes 201 and one touch wire 202 are connected one by one.
  • the detecting circuit 10 of the present embodiment detects the sensing electrode 201 of the touch screen panel 20 during the manufacturing process of the touch screen panel 20, including detecting the sensing electrode 201 itself and the touch wire 202 connected to the measured sensing electrode 201.
  • the detection process can be performed after the connection of the touch wire 202 and the sensing electrode 201 is completed, before the touch wire 202 and the touch IC are connected.
  • the detection circuit 10 includes a charging module 101 and a voltage measuring module 102.
  • the charging module 101 is configured to be electrically connected to a touch wire 202 during a detection period to charge a corresponding one of the sensing electrodes 201 and the grounded parasitic capacitance through the connected touch wires 202.
  • only one sensing electrode 201 is detected in one detection period, that is, one detection period is one detection.
  • the charging module 101 and one touch wire 202 are first electrically connected to The sensing electrode 201 corresponding to the touch wire 202 and the parasitic capacitance formed by the ground are charged.
  • the charging module 101 can be a power module or other voltage output circuit.
  • the output voltage of the charging module 101 is 5V, that is, a charging voltage of 5V is applied to the parasitic capacitance. Of course, it can be 3V, 8V or 10V, etc., which is not specifically limited. Among them, in order to facilitate obtaining effective voltage data, the charging voltage is preferably 5 V or more.
  • the voltage measurement module 102 is configured to be electrically connected to the touch wire 202 after the charging module 101 is completed and disconnected from the touch wire 202 to obtain the voltage of the charged parasitic capacitance through the touch wire 202.
  • the measured value is output, and the voltage measurement value is output to obtain a detection result of the normal or faulty sensing electrode 201 corresponding to the touch wire 202 according to the voltage measurement value.
  • the capacitance of the parasitic capacitance formed by the sensing electrode 201 and the ground is substantially fixed, and the capacitance of the parasitic capacitance formed by each of the sensing electrodes 201 and the ground is also substantially the same.
  • the charging module 101 applies a charging voltage of 5 V to the parasitic capacitance.
  • the voltage of the corresponding parasitic capacitance after charging is performed. It should be basically the same as the charge, that is, the obtained voltage measurement should be about 5V.
  • the charging module 101 cannot charge the corresponding parasitic capacitance, so the voltage measurement value of the parasitic capacitance after the charging is completed is substantially zero; If the sensing electrode 201 and one or both of the touch wires 202 connected thereto are short-circuited, for example, the measured sensing electrode 201 is short-circuited with the other sensing electrodes 201 or other touch wires 202, or with the sensing electrode to be tested.
  • a short circuit between the 201 touch wires 202 and the other touch wires 202 or other sensing electrodes 201 is equivalent to a plurality of parasitic capacitances connected in parallel.
  • the charging module 101 decreases the charging rate of the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the occurrence of the short-circuit sensing electrode, so that the charging amount of the parasitic capacitance will decrease, thereby causing the voltage measurement value of the parasitic capacitance to decrease.
  • the voltage measurement value of the charged parasitic capacitance is measured by the voltage measurement module 102, so that whether the sensing electrode 201 or its corresponding touch wire 202 is normal can be determined by the voltage measurement value.
  • the voltage measurement value output by the voltage measurement module 102 is about 5 V (for example, 4.8 V, 4.9 V, or 5.1 V, etc.)
  • the sensing electrode 201 and its corresponding touch wire 202 are both normal; when the voltage measurement module 102
  • the output voltage measurement value approaches 0V (for example, 0.2V, 0.15V, or 0.05V, etc.)
  • the sensing electrode 201 has an open circuit failure, and the sensing electrode 201 itself may be disconnected, or its corresponding touch wire.
  • the sensing electrode 201 and its corresponding touch wire 202 are disconnected; when the voltage measurement value output by the voltage measuring module 102 is far less than 5V (for example, 3.5V, 3.8V or 2V, etc.), then It is considered that the short circuit fault occurs in the sensing electrode 201, that is, there may be a short circuit between the measured sensing electrode 201 and the other sensing electrodes 201, or the touch wire 202 connected to the measured sensing electrode 201 and other touch wires. A short circuit occurred in 202.
  • Module 101 can still charge the parasitic capacitance, so the voltage measurement of the parasitic capacitance still has a certain value, rather than approaching zero.
  • the next detection cycle is started, and the next touch wire 202 is detected until all the touch wires 202 are detected.
  • the charging module 101 can be used to simultaneously connect with multiple touch wires 202 in one detection cycle, for example, two or three touch wires 202 are connected at the same time. At the same time, a plurality of parasitic capacitances corresponding to the plurality of touch wires 202 are charged. At this time, since a plurality of parasitic capacitances are connected in parallel, more charging time is required to make the amount of charge of the plurality of parasitic capacitances reach a predetermined value (assuming that all of the connected touch wires 202 are normal).
  • the voltage measuring module 102 sequentially and the plurality of touch wires after the charging module 101 and the plurality of touch wires 202 are disconnected.
  • the electrical connection is performed to obtain the voltage measurement value of the corresponding parasitic capacitance after the charging by the plurality of touch wires 202, so that the tester can determine whether the corresponding sensing electrode 201 and the touch wire 202 are normal according to the voltage measurement value, and further In other words, the sensing electrode 201 and the touch wire can be judged to be normal, short circuited or open circuit according to the voltage measurement value.
  • the detection circuit of the present embodiment can be manually wired by a tester to implement the charging of the charging module 101 and the measurement of the voltage measurement module 102.
  • the detection circuit 10 further includes a control module 103, a first switch Q1, a second switch Q2, and a multiplexer 104.
  • the multiplexer 104 has a plurality of first channels and a second channel, and both the first channel and the second channel can serve as input and output ports, and each of the touch wires 202 and the multiplexer 104 One channel is electrically connected.
  • first switch Q1 One end of the first switch Q1, one end of the second switch Q2 and the second channel of the multiplexer 104 are electrically connected, the other end of the first switch Q1 is electrically connected to the output end of the charging module 101, and the other end of the second switch Q2 One end is electrically coupled to the input of the voltage measurement module 102.
  • the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are the same type of field effect transistor, and both switches are turned on at a high level and turned off at a low level. Of course, it can also be other three-terminal control switches such as triodes.
  • the control module 103 has two level output terminals respectively connected to the control end of the first switch Q1 and the control end of the second switch Q2 to respectively control the on or off of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2; the control module 103 also has a control signal output of multiplexer 104 coupled to the control port of multiplexer 104 for effecting the gating action of multiplexer 104.
  • the operation of the detecting circuit 10 is as follows:
  • the control module 103 first controls the multiplexer 104 to select a touch wire 202 and one end of the first switch Q1 to be electrically connected, even if the touch wire is connected.
  • the first channel and the second channel of the multiplexer 104 of the 202 are electrically connected such that the strip of touch wires 202 and one end of the first switch Q1 are electrically connected.
  • the control module 103 inputs a high level to the control terminal of the first switch Q1 to control the first switch Q1 to be turned on, so that the charging module 101 and the gated touch wire 202 are electrically connected, thereby contacting the gate.
  • the sensing electrode 201 corresponding to the control wire 202 and the parasitic capacitance formed by the ground are charged.
  • the control module 103 controls the first switch Q1 to be disconnected, and the first channel and the second channel connected to the touch wire 202 are electrically connected to each other, so that the touch wire 202 and the second switch Q2 are connected.
  • One end is electrically connected, and then the control module 103 inputs a high level to the control end of the second switch Q2 to control the second switch Q2 to be turned on, so that the voltage measuring module 102 is electrically connected to the touch wire 202 through the second switch Q2.
  • the control module 103 controls the second switch Q2 to be turned off, and starts the detection of the next sensing electrode 201 until the detection of all the sensing electrodes 201 is completed.
  • the detection circuit it is possible to manually connect or disconnect the touch wires, and the test of the sensing electrodes 201 can be performed one by one, the detection efficiency is greatly improved, and the specific position of the faulty sensing electrodes 201 can be accurately determined.
  • a plurality of parasitic capacitances may be simultaneously charged.
  • the control module 103 controls the multiplexer 104 to simultaneously gate the plurality of touch wires 202 and the first switch. One end of Q1 is electrically connected.
  • the control module 103 controls the multiplexer 104 to sequentially select one of the plurality of touch wires 202 and the second switch Q2 to be electrically connected, so that the voltage measuring module 102 sequentially acquires the touch.
  • the voltage measurement value of the parasitic capacitance corresponding to the sensing electrode 201 connected to the control wire 202 is controlled, thereby achieving one-by-one testing of the plurality of sensing electrodes 201, and then entering the next detection cycle.
  • detecting one touch wire 202 is still taken as an example in one detecting cycle.
  • the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 of the present embodiment have different conduction levels.
  • the first switch Q1 is an N-type field effect transistor, and is a transistor that is turned on at a high level and turned off at a low level, and a second switch Q2. It is a P-type field effect transistor, which is a transistor with a high-level off and a low-level on.
  • the control module 103 includes a control logic unit 1031 and a pulse signal generation unit 1032.
  • the control logic unit 1031 is, for example, a processor electrically connected to the pulse signal generating unit 1032 for controlling the pulse signal generating unit 1031 to output a pulse signal, and is also connected to the charging module 101 and the voltage measuring module 102 to control the module to coordinate operation. Control logic unit 1031 is also electrically coupled to the control port of multiplexer 104 for controlling multiplexer 104 to effect switching. The output of the pulse signal generating unit 1032 is electrically connected to the control terminal of the first switch Q1 and the control terminal of the second switch Q2.
  • the pulse signal generating unit 1032 is a square wave pulse signal generating unit, and the signal outputted by the pulse signal is a square wave signal. Since the turn-on voltages of the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 are respectively a high level and a low level, when the pulse signal generating unit 1032 outputs a high level, the first switch Q1 is turned on, and the second switch Q2 is turned off, when the pulse When the signal generating unit 1032 outputs a low level, the first switch Q1 is turned off, and the second switch Q2 is turned on, so that the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 can be respectively turned on or off through one output terminal, and the sensing is realized.
  • the detection of the electrode 201 can make the circuit more simplified.
  • the voltage measuring module 102 is a discharging circuit for discharging the parasitic capacitance to receive the voltage measurement value of the parasitic capacitance feedback after charging.
  • the detection circuit 10 also includes a processing module 105 and a display module 106.
  • the voltage measurement module 102 includes an amplification circuit 1021 and an analog to digital conversion circuit (ADC) 1022.
  • the input terminal of the amplifying circuit 1021 is electrically connected to the other end of the second switch Q2, and the output terminal of the amplifying circuit 1021 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converting circuit 1022.
  • the output of the analog to digital conversion circuit 1022 is electrically coupled to the processing module 105.
  • the display module 106 and the processing module 105 are electrically connected.
  • the control logic unit 1031 issues a control signal to the multiplexer 104 to cause the multiplexer 104 to select a touch wire 202 to be electrically coupled to the first switch Q1, and then the pulse signal generating unit 1032 outputs
  • the high level signal is used to control the first switch Q1 to be turned on, and the second switch Q2 is turned off, so that the charging module 101 applies 5V to the corresponding sensing electrode 201 and the parasitic capacitance formed by the ground through the gated touch wire 202. Charging voltage.
  • the time of the high level output by the pulse signal generating unit 1032 is the charging time of the charging module 101, so that the level signal output by the pulse signal generating unit 1032 is high after the charging of the charging module 101 is completed.
  • the level goes low to control the first switch Q1 to open and the second switch Q2 to be turned on.
  • only one sensing electrode 201 and one touch wire 202 connected thereto are detected in one detection cycle, so that the first channel and the first channel connected to the touch wire 202 to be tested are maintained in one detection cycle.
  • the two-channel electrical connection that is, the touch wire 202 measured during one detection period is electrically connected to one end of the first switch Q1 and one end of the second switch Q2 through the multiplexer 104.
  • the voltage measuring module 102 and the measured touch wire 202 are electrically connected, so that the voltage measurement value fed back by the corresponding sensing electrode 201 and the grounded parasitic capacitance is amplified by the amplifying circuit 1021.
  • the conversion is further performed by the analog-to-digital conversion circuit 1022, and the converted voltage measurement value is read by the processing module 105, and it is determined whether the voltage measurement value is within a predetermined range.
  • the display module 106 When the processing module 105 determines that the voltage measurement value is within the first predetermined range, the display module 106 is configured to display the normal information of the sensing electrode 201, for example, displaying the content of “the sensing electrode is normal”; when the processing module 105 determines that the voltage measurement value is in the second When the predetermined range is within, the display module 106 is configured to display the information of the open circuit of the sensing electrode 201, for example, displaying the content of the “induction electrode disconnection”; when the processing module 105 determines that the voltage measurement value is within the third predetermined range, the display module 106 is configured to display The information that the sensing electrode 201 is short-circuited with the other sensing electrodes 201, for example, displays the content of "the sensing electrode is short-circuited".
  • the first predetermined range, the second predetermined range, and the third predetermined range are voltages obtained by the parasitic capacitance of the charging module 101 after the charging module 101 is in the normal state, the open state, and the short-circuit state, respectively, which may be according to the charging voltage. Make settings.
  • the sensing electrode 201 normally means that the sensing electrode 201 itself and the touch wire 202 connected thereto are both normal; the sensing electrode 201 is broken, and the sensing electrode 201 itself refers to the sensing electrode 201 itself and the touch wire 202 connected thereto.
  • the charging voltage is 5V.
  • the voltage of the corresponding parasitic capacitance after charging should be substantially the same as the charging amount. That is, the obtained voltage measurement value should be about 5V.
  • the charging module 101 cannot charge the corresponding parasitic capacitance, so the voltage measurement value of the parasitic capacitance after the charging is completed is substantially zero; If the sensing electrode 201 and the other sensing electrodes 201 or the touch wires 202 are short-circuited, or the touch wires 202 connected to the sensing electrodes 201 are short-circuited with other touch wires 202 or the sensing electrodes 201, it is equivalent to a plurality of parasitic capacitances. In parallel, the total capacitance of the parasitic capacitance increases at this time.
  • the first predetermined range may be 4.5V ⁇ 5.2V, or may be 4.8V ⁇ 5.1V; the second predetermined range may be 0V ⁇ 0.5V, or 0.05V ⁇ 0.2V; the third predetermined range may be 1.5V ⁇ 3.5V, or 2.0V ⁇ 3.8V.
  • the detection circuit 10 further includes a storage module 107 electrically coupled to the processing module 105 for storing voltage measurements read by the processing module 105 for subsequent review.
  • the detecting circuit 10 of the present embodiment may further include an indicator light 108 for indicating whether the detected sensing electrode is faulty.
  • the indicator light 108 is electrically connected to the processing module 105.
  • the processing module 105 determines that the voltage measurement value is not within the first predetermined range, that is, when the voltage measurement value is not within the normal voltage range, the processing module 105 controls the indicator light 108 to emit light to indicate that The measured sensing electrode 201 malfunctions.
  • the indicator light 108 does not illuminate. Through the action of the indicator light 108, it can be intuitively and quickly determined that the detected sensing electrode is malfunctioning.
  • only one of the indicator light 108 and the display module 106 may be outputted to output a detection result.
  • the present invention further provides a detection method for a self-capacitive touch screen, the method comprising the following steps:
  • Step S401 The charging module and the touch wire are electrically connected in a detection cycle, so that the charging module charges the corresponding one of the sensing electrodes and the grounded parasitic capacitance through a touch wire.
  • the charging module in one detection period, only one sensing electrode is detected, that is, one detection period is one detection.
  • the charging module and a touch wire are first electrically connected to the touch.
  • the sensing electrode corresponding to the control wire and the parasitic capacitance formed by the ground are charged.
  • the charging module can be a power module or other voltage output circuit, and the output voltage of the charging module can be 3V, 5V, or 10V, etc., which is not specifically limited.
  • the charging voltage to the parasitic capacitance is 5V.
  • Step S402 Disconnect the charging module and a touch wire after charging.
  • the charging module After the charging module is fully charged, the charging module and the touch wire are disconnected.
  • Step S403 After the disconnection, the voltage measuring module and the one touch wire are electrically connected, so that the voltage measuring module obtains the voltage measurement value of the charged parasitic capacitance through a touch wire, and outputs the voltage measurement value to measure according to the voltage. The value is obtained as a result of the detection or failure of the corresponding sensing electrode.
  • the voltage measuring module and the touch wire are electrically connected to measure a voltage value of the parasitic capacitance, and the voltage measurement value is output.
  • the voltage measuring module can be a voltage measuring instrument such as a voltmeter or an oscilloscope. Therefore, the specific step of outputting the voltage measurement value is to display the voltage measurement value. Of course, it is also possible to transmit the voltage measurement value to other display devices for display by other display devices.
  • the capacitance of the parasitic capacitance formed by the sensing electrode and the ground is substantially fixed, and the capacitance of the parasitic capacitance formed by each of the sensing electrodes and the ground is also substantially the same.
  • the parasitic capacitance Under normal conditions, after charging the parasitic capacitance, the parasitic capacitance has a certain voltage, which is determined by the amount of charge.
  • the charging module applies a charging voltage to the parasitic capacitance, under normal conditions, that is, when the sensing electrode and the touch wire connected thereto do not fail, the voltage of the corresponding parasitic capacitance after charging should be substantially the same as the charging amount, that is, It is basically the same as the charging voltage.
  • the charging module cannot charge the corresponding parasitic capacitance, so the voltage measurement value of the parasitic capacitance is substantially zero after the charging is completed; if the sensing electrode or the touch connected thereto If the wire is short-circuited, it is equivalent to a plurality of parasitic capacitances connected in parallel. At this time, the total capacitance of the parasitic capacitance increases. Therefore, under the same charging excitation pulse signal (that is, the charging time is the same), the charging module decreases the charging rate of the short-circuiting parasitic capacitance. Therefore, the amount of charge of the parasitic capacitance will be reduced, resulting in a decrease in the voltage measurement of the parasitic capacitance.
  • the detection of the sensing electrode can be implemented according to the above steps by means of manual detection, and the automatic detection of the sensing electrode can be realized by the detection circuit shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 to improve the detection efficiency.
  • multiple parasitic capacitances may be simultaneously charged in one detection cycle, even if the charging module is simultaneously connected to multiple touch wires to simultaneously correspond to multiple touch wires. Parasitic capacitance is charged. After the charging module completes simultaneous charging of the connected plurality of touch wires, the voltage measuring module is electrically connected to the plurality of touch wires in turn after the charging module and the plurality of touch wires are disconnected, thereby sequentially passing the plurality of touch wires.
  • the strip touch wire obtains the voltage measurement value of the corresponding parasitic capacitance after charging, so that the tester can judge whether the corresponding sensing electrode is normal according to the voltage measurement value, and further, the sensing electrode can be judged to be normal, short circuit or open circuit according to the voltage measurement value. .

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路和检测方法，所述检测电路包括充电电路和电压测量模块，所述充电模块用于通过至少一条触控导线对对应的至少一个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容同时进行充电；所述电压测量模块用于在所述充电模块完成充电并与所述至少一条触控导线断开后，依次通过至少一条触控导线获取充电后的所述寄生电容的电压测量值，并输出所述电压测量值，以根据所述电压测量值获取相应所述感应电极正常或故障的检测结果。通过上述方式，本发明能够简单有效地实现感应电极的检测。

Description

用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路和检测方法
【技术领域】
本发明涉及触摸技术领域，特别是涉及一种用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路和检测方法。
【背景技术】
相对于传统的将触摸面板设置在液晶面板上的技术，将触摸面板功能和液晶面板一体化的研究日渐盛行，于是，出现了内嵌式触摸屏。内嵌式触摸屏技术包括in-cell和on-cell两种。in-cell触摸屏技术是指将触摸面板功能嵌入到液晶像素中，而on-cell触摸屏技术是指将触摸面板功能嵌入到彩色滤光基板和偏光板之间。与on-cell触摸屏相比，in-cell触摸屏能够实现面板的更轻薄化。
在in-cell触摸屏技术中，通常采用自容式触控检测技术来检测触控点坐标，其原理为在玻璃表面用ITO制作多个感应电极，这些感应电极分别和地构成电容，该电容即为自电容，即感应电极对地的电容。当手指触碰到屏幕时手指的电容将会叠加到自电容上，使得自电容的电容量增加。因此，通过检测各感应电极对地的电容的电容量变化，可检测出触控点的位置。
其中，每个感应电极通过一根触控导线与触控IC连接，由触控IC实现对感应电极的扫描，进而实现对自电容的电容量变化情况的侦测，从而实现触控操作。然而，每个感应电极容易发生断路或短路的情况，如感应电极本身可能会出现断路或短路，或者与感应电极连接的触控导线也有可能发生断路或短路，从而造成无法实现触控操作。因此，有必要提出一种能够实现对感应电极故障进行检测的电路。
【发明内容】
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路和检测方法，能够简单有效地实现对感应电极的检测。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路，所述自容式触摸屏包括多个矩阵排列且相互绝缘的感应电极，每个所述感应电极与一条触控导线一一对应连接，所述检测电路包括：充电模块、电压测量模块、控制模块、第一开关、第二开关以及多路复用器；每条所述触控导线和所述多路复用器的一个第一通道电连接，所述多路复用器的第二通道和所述第一开关的一端、所述第二开关的一端电连接，所述第一开关的另一端和所述充电模块的输出端电连接，所述第二开关的另一端和所述电压测量模块的输入端电连接，所述控制模块分别和所述多路复用器的控制端、所述第一开关的控制端以及所述第二开关的控制端电连接；在一个检测周期内，所述控制模块控制所述多路复用器选择所述至少一条所述触控导线和所述第一开关的一端电连接，并控制所述第一开关导通，以使得所述充电模块和所述至少一条触控导线电连接，进而分别通过所述至少一条所述触控导线对对应的至少一个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容同时进行充电，其中，所述充电模块输出的充电电压为5V以上；所述控制模块在所述寄生电容完成充电后控制所述第一开关断开，并控制所述多路复用器依次选择所述至少一条触控导线中的一条和所述第二开关的一端电连接，在所述多路复用器选择一条所述触控导线和所述第二开关的一端电连接时，所述控制模块控制所述第二开关导通，以使得所述电压测量模块和所述多路复用器选择的一条触控导线电连接，进而通过所述多路复用器选择的一条触控导线获取充电后的所述寄生电容的电压测量值，并输出所述电压测量值，以根据所述电压测量值获取相应所述感应电极正常或故障的检测结果。
其中，所述控制模块包括控制逻辑单元和脉冲信号产生单元，所述控制逻辑单元与所述脉冲信号产生单元电连接，用于使所述脉冲信号产生单元输出脉冲信号，所述多路复用器的控制端与所述控制逻辑单元电连接，所述脉冲信号产生单元的输出端和所述第一开关的控制端、所述第二开关的控制端电连接；所述第一开关为N型场效应管，所述第二开关为P型场效应管，在所述脉冲信号产生单元输出高电平时所述第一开关导通，在所述脉冲信号产生单元输出低电平时所述第二开关导通。
其中，所述电压测量模块为放电电路，用于依次接收所述至少一条触控导线对应的至少一个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容所反馈的电压测量值；所述检测电路还包括处理模块和显示模块，所述处理模块和所述电压测量模块的输出端电连接，用于依次读取所述电压测量值并判断所述电压测量值是否在预定范围内，所述显示模块和所述处理模块电连接，用于在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值在第一预定范围内时，显示相应的触控导线正常的信息，在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值在第二预定范围内时，显示相应的触控导线断路的信息，在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值在第三预定范围内时，显示相应的触控导线短路的信息。
其中，所述电压测量模块包括放大电路和模数转换电路，所述放大电路的输入端和所述第二开关的另一端电连接，所述放大电路的输出端和所述模数转换电路的输入端电连接，所述模数转换电路的输出端和所述处理模块电连接。
其中，所述检测电路还包括存储模块，所述存储模块和所述处理模块电连接，用于存储所述电压测量值。
其中，所述检测电路还包括指示灯，所述指示灯与所述处理模块电连接，在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值不在所述第一预定范围时，所述处理模块控制所述指示灯发光，以指示相应的感应电极发生故障。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的另一个技术方案是：提供一种用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路，所述自容式触摸屏包括多个矩阵排列且相互绝缘的感应电极，每个所述感应电极与一条触控导线一一对应连接，所述检测电路包括：充电模块和电压测量模块；所述充电模块用于在一个检测周期里，和至少一条所述触控导线电连接，以分别通过所述至少一条所述触控导线对对应的至少一个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容同时进行充电；所述电压测量模块用于在所述充电模块完成充电并与所述至少一条触控导线断开后，依次和所述至少一条触控导线电连接，以依次通过所述至少一条触控导线获取充电后的所述寄生电容的电压测量值，并输出所述电压测量值，以根据所述电压测量值获取相应所述感应电极正常或故障的检测结果。
其中，所述检测电路包括控制模块、第一开关、第二开关以及多路复用器，每条所述触控导线和所述多路复用器的一个第一通道电连接，所述多路复用器的第二通道和所述第一开关的一端、所述第二开关的一端电连接，所述第一开关的另一端和所述充电模块的输出端电连接，所述第二开关的另一端和所述电压测量模块的输入端电连接，所述控制模块分别和所述多路复用器的控制端、所述第一开关的控制端以及所述第二开关的控制端电连接；在一个检测周期内，所述控制模块控制所述多路复用器选择所述至少一条所述触控导线和所述第一开关的一端电连接，并控制所述第一开关导通，以使得所述充电模块和所述至少一条触控导线电连接；所述控制模块在所述寄生电容完成充电后控制所述第一开关断开，并控制所述多路复用器依次选择所述至少一条触控导线中的一条和所述第二开关的一端电连接，在所述多路复用器选择一条所述触控导线和所述第二开关的一端电连接时，所述控制模块控制所述第二开关导通，以使得所述电压测量模块和所述多路复用器选择的一条触控导线电连接。
其中，所述控制模块包括控制逻辑单元和脉冲信号产生单元，所述控制逻辑单元与所述脉冲信号产生单元电连接，用于使所述脉冲信号产生单元输出脉冲信号，所述多路复用器的控制端与所述控制逻辑单元电连接，所述脉冲信号产生单元的输出端和所述第一开关的控制端、所述第二开关的控制端电连接；所述第一开关为N型场效应管，所述第二开关为P型场效应管，在所述脉冲信号产生单元输出高电平时所述第一开关导通，在所述脉冲信号产生单元输出低电平时所述第二开关导通。
其中，所述电压测量模块为放电电路，用于依次接收所述至少一条触控导线对应的至少一个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容所反馈的电压测量值；所述检测电路还包括处理模块和显示模块，所述处理模块和所述电压测量模块的输出端电连接，用于依次读取所述电压测量值并判断所述电压测量值是否在预定范围内，所述显示模块和所述处理模块电连接，用于在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值在第一预定范围内时，显示相应的触控导线正常的信息，在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值在第二预定范围内时，显示相应的触控导线断路的信息，在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值在第三预定范围内时，显示相应的触控导线短路的信息。
其中，所述电压测量模块包括放大电路和模数转换电路，所述放大电路的输入端和所述第二开关的另一端电连接，所述放大电路的输出端和所述模数转换电路的输入端电连接，所述模数转换电路的输出端和所述处理模块电连接。
其中，所述检测电路还包括存储模块，所述存储模块和所述处理模块电连接，用于存储所述电压测量值。
其中，所述检测电路还包括指示灯，所述指示灯与所述处理模块电连接，在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值不在所述第一预定范围时，所述处理模块控制所述指示灯发光，以指示相应的感应电极发生故障。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的又一个技术方案是：提供一种用于自容式触摸屏的检测方法，所述单层自容式触摸屏包括多个矩阵排列且相互绝缘的感应电极，每个所述感应电极与一条触控导线一一对应连接，所述方法包括：在一个检测周期里，使充电模块和至少一条所述触控导线电连接，以使所述充电模块分别通过所述至少一条所述触控导线对对应的至少一个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容进行充电；在充电后使所述充电模块和所述至少一条所述触控导线断开；在断开后使电压测量模块依次和所述至少一条触控导线电连接，以使得所述电压测量模块依次通过所述至少一条触控导线获取充电后的所述寄生电容的电压测量值，并输出所述电压测量值，以根据所述电压测量值获取相应所述感应电极正常或故障的检测结果。
其中，所述输出所述电压测量值的步骤包括：显示所述电压测量值，或将所述电压测量值发送至显示模块，以显示所述电压测量值。
本发明的有益效果是：区别于现有技术的情况，本发明的检测电路中，在一个检测周期里，首先充电模块通过触控导线对感应电极和地构成的寄生电容进行充电，在充电完成后，电压测量模块对寄生电容的电压进行测量以获取充电后的寄生电容的电压测量值。由于感应电极和地构成的寄生电容的电容量基本上是固定的，在正常情况下寄生电容在充电后会具有一定的电压，该电压大小由充电量的大小决定，而当感应电极本身或触控导线断路时由于无法对寄生电容进行充电，因此在充电后寄生电容的电压基本上为零，而当多个感应电极之间发生短路或多条触控导线之间发生短路时，相当于多个寄生电容发生并联，总的电容量增加，在同一充电时间和充电量下发生短路的寄生电容的充电率下降，即充电量减少，从而导致寄生电容的电压变小。因此，本发明通过获取充电后的寄生电容的电压测量值，由此可根据该电压测量值判断相应的感应电极正常或故障，由此实现对感应电极的检测。
【附图说明】
图1是本发明用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路一实施方式的结构示意图；
图2是本发明用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路另一实施方式的结构示意图；
图3是本发明用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路又一实施方式的结构示意图；
图4是本发明用于自容式触摸屏的检测方法一实施方式的流程图。
【具体实施方式】
下面将结合附图和实施方式对本发明进行详细的说明。
参阅图1，本发明用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路一实施方式中，自容式触摸屏为单层自容式in-cell触摸屏，实现触摸功能的触摸电路嵌入在像素结构中。具体而言，触摸屏面板20包括多个矩阵排列且相互绝缘的感应电极201，感应电极201用于感应触控信号，其利用阵列基板上的公共电极来实现。进一步而言，每个感应电极是通过将一个区块内的所有公共电极连接在一起而形成，每个感应电极201和一条触控导线202一一对应连接。本实施方式的检测电路10是在触摸屏面板20的制造过程中对触摸屏面板20的感应电极201进行检测，包括对感应电极201本身的检测和对与被测的感应电极201连接的触控导线202的检测，检测过程可以在完成触控导线202和感应电极201的连接之后、在触控导线202和触控IC连接之前的阶段进行。其中，检测电路10包括充电模块101和电压测量模块102。
充电模块101用于在一个检测周期里，与一条触控导线202电连接，以通过连接的触控导线202对对应的一个感应电极201和地构成的寄生电容进行充电。本实施方式中，在一个检测周期里，仅对一个感应电极201进行检测，即一个检测周期为一次检测，在一次检测中，首先使充电模块101和一条触控导线202电连接，以对该条触控导线202对应的感应电极201和地构成的寄生电容进行充电。充电模块101可以为电源模块或其他电压输出电路，充电模块101的输出电压为5V，即对寄生电容施加5V的充电电压，当然，也可以是3V、8V或10V等，对此不作具体限定。其中，为了方便获取有效的电压数据，充电电压优选为5V以上。
电压测量模块102用于在充电模块101完成充电并且和该条触控导线202断开后，与该条触控导线202电连接，以通过该条触控导线202获取充电后的寄生电容的电压测量值，并输出该电压测量值，以根据电压测量值获取与该条触控导线202对应的感应电极201正常或故障的检测结果。
感应电极201和地构成的寄生电容的电容量基本上是固定的，且每个感应电极201和地构成的寄生电容的电容量也基本上是相同。在正常情况下，对寄生电容充电后，寄生电容具有一定的电压，该电压大小由充电量的大小决定。本实施方式中，充电模块101对寄生电容施加5V的充电电压，在正常情况下，即感应电极201和与其连接的触控导线202不发生故障的情况下，在充电之后对应的寄生电容的电压应和充电量基本相同，即得到的电压测量值应为5V左右。如果感应电极201和与其连接的触控导线202中的一个或两个发生断路，则充电模块101无法对对应的寄生电容进行充电，因此在充电完成后寄生电容的电压测量值基本上为零；如果感应电极201和与其连接的触控导线202中的一个或两个发生短路，例如被测的感应电极201与其他感应电极201或其他的触控导线202发生短路，或者与被测的感应电极201连接的触控导线202与其他的触控导线202或其他感应电极201发生短路，则相当于是多个寄生电容并联，此时寄生电容的电容总量增加，因此在同一充电激励脉冲信号下（即充电时间相同），充电模块101对发生短路感应电极所对应的寄生电容的充电率下降，使得寄生电容的充电量将减少，从而导致寄生电容的电压测量值减小。
因此，通过电压测量模块102测量充电后的寄生电容的电压测量值，从而可以通过电压测量值判断感应电极201或其相对应的触控导线202是否正常。例如，当电压测量模块102输出的电压测量值为5V左右（例如为4.8V、4.9V或5.1V等），则认为感应电极201和其对应的触控导线202均正常；当电压测量模块102输出的电压测量值趋近于0V（例如为0.2V、0.15V或0.05V等）时，则认为感应电极201发生断路故障，有可能是感应电极201本身发生断路，或其对应的触控导线202发生断路，又或者是感应电极201和其对应的触控导线202均发生断路；当电压测量模块102输出的电压测量值远小于5V（例如为3.5V、3.8V或2V等）时，则认为感应电极201发生短路故障，即有可能是被测的感应电极201与其他的感应电极201之间发生短路，或者是与被测的感应电极201连接的触控导线202与其他的触控导线202发生短路。
需要说明的是，虽然短路和断路的情况所得到的电压测量值都小于正常情况下的电压测量值，然而断路的情况下寄生电容的电压测量值基本上为零，而短路的情况下由于充电模块101仍然可以对寄生电容进行充电，因此寄生电容的电压测量值仍然具有一定的数值，而并非是趋近于零。
在一个检测周期完成后，开始下一个检测周期，对下一条触控导线202进行检测，直至完成所有触控导线202的检测。
在其他实施方式中，与上述实施方式不同的是，充电模块101可以用于在一个检测周期内，同时与多条触控导线202进行连接，例如同时连接两条或三条触控导线202，以同时对多条触控导线202对应的多个寄生电容进行充电。此时，由于是多个寄生电容并联，因此需要较多的充电时间以使得多个寄生电容的充电量达到预定值（假设所连接的所有触控导线202都正常的情况下）。此时，当充电模块101完成对所连接的多条触控导线202的同时充电后，电压测量模块102在充电模块101和多条触控导线202断开后，依次和该多条触控导线202电连接，以依次通过该多条触控导线202获取充电后的对应的寄生电容的电压测量值，从而测试人员可以根据电压测量值判断对应的感应电极201和触控导线202是否正常，进一步而言可根据电压测量值判断感应电极201和触控导线为正常、短路或断路。通过逐一获取充电后的寄生电容的电压测量值，可以获知发生故障的感应电极201的位置，从而方便后续的修复。
本实施方式的检测电路，可以通过测试人员手动进行接线，以实现充电模块101的充电和电压测量模块102的测量。
参阅图2，本发明用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路的另一实施方式中的，可以实现自动检测，可大大提高检测效率。如图2所示，检测电路10还包括控制模块103、第一开关Q1、第二开关Q2以及多路复用器104。其中，多路复用器104具有多个第一通道和一个第二通道，第一通道和第二通道均可作为输入输出端口，每条触控导线202和多路复用器104的一个第一通道电连接。第一开关Q1的一端、第二开关Q2的一端和多路复用器104的第二通道电连接，第一开关Q1的另一端和充电模块101的输出端电连接，第二开关Q2的另一端和电压测量模块102的输入端电连接。本实施方式中，第一开关Q1和第二开关Q2均同种类型的场效应晶体管，两个开关均为高电平导通、低电平截止。当然，也可以是三极管等其他三端式控制开关。控制模块103具有两个电平输出端，分别和第一开关Q1的控制端、第二开关Q2的控制端连接，以分别控制第一开关Q1、第二开关Q2的导通或截止；控制模块103还具有多路复用器104的控制信号输出端，与多路复用器104的控制端口连接，用于实现多路复用器104的选通作用。
其中，在一个检测周期内，检测电路10的工作过程如下：控制模块103首先控制多路复用器104选择一条触控导线202和第一开关Q1的一端电连接，即使连接该条触控导线202的多路复用器104的第一通道和第二通道电性连接，从而使得该条触控导线202和第一开关Q1的一端电连接。然后，控制模块103对第一开关Q1的控制端输入高电平以控制第一开关Q1导通，以使得充电模块101和该选通的触控导线202电连接，进而对该选通的触控导线202对应的感应电极201和地构成的寄生电容进行充电。充电完成后，控制模块103控制第一开关Q1断开，并使得连接该条触控导线202的第一通道和第二通道保持电性连接，以使得该条触控导线202和第二开关Q2的一端电连接，然后控制模块103对第二开关Q2的控制端输入高电平以控制第二开关Q2导通，以使得电压测量模块102通过第二开关Q2和该条触控导线202电连接，进而获取该条触控导线202对应的感应电极201和地构成的寄生电容的电压测量值，并输出该电压测量值。由此，可根据该电压测量值判断对应的感应电极201以及触控导线202正常与否。在电压测量模块102获取寄生电容的电压测量值后，控制模块103控制第二开关Q2断开，并开始下一个感应电极201的检测，直至完成所有感应电极201的检测。
通过上述检测电路，能够不需要人工手动连接或断开触控导线，且可以实现对感应电极201的逐一测试，大大提高检测效率，同时能够准确判断出故障的感应电极201的具体位置。
当然，在其他实施方式中，在一个检测周期中，可以先同时对多个寄生电容进行充电，此时控制模块103控制多路复用器104同时选通多条触控导线202和第一开关Q1的一端电连接。当充电模块101完成充电后，控制模块103控制多路复用器104依次选择该多条触控导线202中的一条和第二开关Q2电连接，以使得电压测量模块102依次获取与该条触控导线202连接的感应电极201所对应的寄生电容的电压测量值，由此实现对该多个感应电极201的逐一测试，然后进入下一个检测周期。
参阅图3，本发明检测电路的又一实施方式中，在一个检测周期中，仍然以对一条触控导线202进行检测为例。本实施方式的第一开关Q1和第二开关Q2的导通电平不相同，第一开关Q1为N型场效应晶体管，为高电平导通、低电平截止的晶体管，第二开关Q2为P型场效应晶体管，为高电平截止、低电平导通的晶体管。控制模块103包括控制逻辑单元1031和脉冲信号产生单元1032。控制逻辑单元1031例如为处理器，其与脉冲信号产生单元1032电连接，用于控制脉冲信号产生单元1031输出脉冲信号，并且还与充电模块101和电压测量模块102连接，以控制模块协调工作。控制逻辑单元1031还与多路复用器104的控制端口电连接，用于控制多路复用器104实现开关作用。脉冲信号产生单元1032的输出端和第一开关Q1的控制端、第二开关Q2的控制端电连接。
其中，脉冲信号产生单元1032为方波脉冲信号产生单元，其输出的信号为方波信号。由于第一开关Q1和第二开关Q2的导通电压分别为高电平和低电平，因此当脉冲信号产生单元1032输出高电平时，第一开关Q1导通，第二开关Q2截止，当脉冲信号产生单元1032输出低电平时，第一开关Q1截止，第二开关Q2导通，由此可通过一个输出端分别控制第一开关Q1和第二开关Q2的导通或截止，在实现对感应电极201的检测的同时，可以使得电路更简化。
进一步地，本实施方式中，继续参阅图3，电压测量模块102为放电电路，用于实现寄生电容的放电，以接收充电后的寄生电容反馈的电压测量值。检测电路10还包括处理模块105和显示模块106。
其中，电压测量模块102包括放大电路1021和模数转换电路（ADC）1022。放大电路1021的输入端和第二开关Q2的另一端电连接，放大电路1021的输出端和模数转换电路1022的输入端电连接。模数转换电路1022的输出端和处理模块105电连接。显示模块106和处理模块105电连接。
在一个检测周期中，控制逻辑单元1031对多路复用器104发出控制信号，以使得多路复用器104选择一条触控导线202和第一开关Q1电连接，然后脉冲信号产生单元1032输出高电平信号以控制第一开关Q1导通，并使得第二开关Q2断开，进而使得充电模块101通过选通的触控导线202对对应的感应电极201和地构成的寄生电容施加5V的充电电压。通过设置脉冲信号的占空比，使脉冲信号产生单元1032输出的高电平的时间为充电模块101的充电时间，从而在充电模块101充电完成后脉冲信号产生单元1032输出的电平信号由高电平变为低电平，以控制第一开关Q1断开，并使得第二开关Q2导通。由于本实施方式为在一个检测周期内仅对一个感应电极201及其连接的一条触控导线202进行检测，因此在一个检测周期里保持与被测的触控导线202连接的第一通道和第二通道电性连接，即在一个检测周期里被测的触控导线202通过多路复用器104与第一开关Q1的一端、第二开关Q2的一端保持电连接。当第二开关Q2导通时，电压测量模块102和被测的触控导线202电连接，以使得对应的感应电极201和地构成的寄生电容所反馈的电压测量值通过放大电路1021进行放大，再通过模数转换电路1022进行转换，由处理模块105读取转换后的电压测量值，并判断该电压测量值是否在预定范围内。
当处理模块105判断电压测量值在第一预定范围内时，显示模块106用于显示感应电极201正常的信息，例如显示“感应电极正常”的内容；当处理模块105判断电压测量值在第二预定范围内时，显示模块106用于显示感应电极201断路的信息，例如显示“感应电极断路”的内容；当处理模块105判断电压测量值在第三预定范围内时，显示模块106用于显示感应电极201与其他的感应电极201发生短路的信息，例如显示“感应电极发生短路”的内容。其中，第一预定范围、第二预定范围和第三预定范围分别是感应电极201为正常状态、断路状态和短路状态时充电模块101完成充电后寄生电容得到的电压，其可根据充电电压的大小进行设定。
其中，所述的感应电极201正常是指感应电极201本身和与其连接的触控导线202均正常；所述的感应电极201断路是指感应电极201本身和与其连接的触控导线202中的其中一个或两个发生断路；所述的感应电极201短路是指感应电极201本身和与其连接的触控导线202中的一个或两个发生短路。
本实施方式中，充电电压为5V，在正常情况下，即感应电极201和与其连接的触控导线202均不发生故障的情况下，在充电之后对应的寄生电容的电压应和充电量基本相同，即得到的电压测量值应为5V左右。如果感应电极201和与其连接的触控导线202中的一个或两个发生断路，则充电模块101无法对对应的寄生电容进行充电，因此在充电完成后寄生电容的电压测量值基本上为零；如果感应电极201和其他的感应电极201或触控导线202发生短路，或者与该感应电极201连接的触控导线202与其他触控导线202或感应电极201发生短路，则相当于是多个寄生电容并联，此时寄生电容的电容总量增加，因此在同一充电激励脉冲信号下（即充电时间相同），充电模块101对发生短路的寄生电容的充电率下降，使得寄生电容的充电量将减少，从而导致寄生电容的电压测量值减小。因此第一预定范围可以为4.5V~5.2V，或者也可以为4.8V~5.1V；第二预定范围可以为0V~0.5V，或者为0.05V~0.2V；第三预定范围可以为1.5V~3.5V，或者为2.0V~3.8V。
通过本实施方式的检测电路，可以实现感应电极的自动检测，提高了检测效率，并且通过显示模块106的作用可以直观看到检测结果。
此外，检测电路10还包括存储模块107，其与处理模块105电连接，用于存储处理模块105所读取到的电压测量值，以供后续查阅。
其中，本实施方式的检测电路10还可以包括指示灯108，用以指示被检测的感应电极是否发生故障。指示灯108与处理模块105电连接，当处理模块105判断电压测量值不在第一预定范围内时，即电压测量值不在正常的电压范围内时，处理模块105控制指示灯108发光，以指示被测的感应电极201发生故障。当处理模块105判断电压测量值在第一预定范围内时，则指示灯108不发光。通过指示灯108的作用，可以直观快速判断出被检测的感应电极是发生故障。
当然，在其他实施方式中，可以仅是设置指示灯108和显示模块106中的其中一个输出检测结果。
参阅图4，本发明还提供用于自容式触摸屏的检测方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：
步骤S401：在一个检测周期里，使充电模块和一条触控导线电连接，以使充电模块通过一条触控导线对对应的一个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容进行充电。
其中，本实施方式中，在一个检测周期里，仅对一个感应电极进行检测，即一个检测周期为一次检测，在检测时，首先使充电模块和一条触控导线电连接，以对该条触控导线对应的感应电极和地构成的寄生电容进行充电。充电模块可以为电源模块或其他电压输出电路，充电模块的输出电压可以是3V、5V或10V等，对此不作具体限定。本实施方式中，对寄生电容的充电电压为5V。
步骤S402：在充电后使充电模块和一条触控导线断开。
在充电模块完成充电后，使充电模块和该条触控导线断开。
步骤S403：在断开后使电压测量模块和一条触控导线电连接，以使得电压测量模块通过一条触控导线获取充电后的寄生电容的电压测量值，并输出电压测量值，以根据电压测量值获取相应感应电极正常或故障的检测结果。
在充电模块和该条触控导线断开后，使电压测量模块和该条触控导线电连接，以测量寄生电容的电压值，并输出该电压测量值。其中，电压测量模块可以为电压表、示波器等电压测量仪器。因此，输出电压测量值的具体步骤为，显示电压测量值，当然，也可以是将电压测量值发送至其他显示设备以通过其他显示设备进行显示。
感应电极和地构成的寄生电容的电容量基本上是固定的，且每个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容的电容量也基本上是相同。在正常情况下，对寄生电容充电后，寄生电容具有一定的电压，该电压大小由充电量的大小决定。充电模块对寄生电容施加的充电电压后，在正常情况下，即感应电极和与其连接的触控导线不发生故障的情况下，在充电之后对应的寄生电容的电压应和充电量基本相同，即与充电电压基本相同。如果感应电极或与其连接的触控导线发生断路，则充电模块无法对对应的寄生电容进行充电，因此在充电完成后寄生电容的电压测量值基本上为零；如果感应电极或与其连接的触控导线发生短路，则相当于是多个寄生电容并联，此时寄生电容的电容总量增加，因此在同一充电激励脉冲信号下（即充电时间相同），充电模块对发生短路的寄生电容的充电率下降，使得寄生电容的充电量将减少，从而导致寄生电容的电压测量值减小。
因此，通过获取充电后的寄生电容的电压测量值可以判断出感应电极正常与否，由此实现对感应电极的检测。
其中，可以通过人工检测的方式按照上述步骤实现对感应电极的检测，还可以通过图2、图3所示的检测电路实现对感应电极的自动检测，以提高检测效率。
当然，在其他实施方式中，在一个检测周期里，可以先同时对多个寄生电容进行充电，即使充电模块同时与多条触控导线进行连接，以同时对多条触控导线对应的多个寄生电容进行充电。当充电模块完成对所连接的多条触控导线的同时充电后，电压测量模块在充电模块和多条触控导线断开后，依次和该多条触控导线电连接，以依次通过该多条触控导线获取充电后的对应的寄生电容的电压测量值，从而测试人员可以根据电压测量值判断对应的感应电极是否正常，进一步而言可根据电压测量值判断感应电极为正常、短路或断路。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路，其中，所述自容式触摸屏包括多个矩阵排列且相互绝缘的感应电极，每个所述感应电极与一条触控导线一一对应连接，所述检测电路包括：充电模块、电压测量模块、控制模块、第一开关、第二开关以及多路复用器；
    每条所述触控导线和所述多路复用器的一个第一通道电连接，所述多路复用器的第二通道和所述第一开关的一端、所述第二开关的一端电连接，所述第一开关的另一端和所述充电模块的输出端电连接，所述第二开关的另一端和所述电压测量模块的输入端电连接，所述控制模块分别和所述多路复用器的控制端、所述第一开关的控制端以及所述第二开关的控制端电连接；
    在一个检测周期内，所述控制模块控制所述多路复用器选择所述至少一条所述触控导线和所述第一开关的一端电连接，并控制所述第一开关导通，以使得所述充电模块和所述至少一条触控导线电连接，进而分别通过所述至少一条所述触控导线对对应的至少一个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容同时进行充电，其中，所述充电模块输出的充电电压为5V以上；所述控制模块在所述寄生电容完成充电后控制所述第一开关断开，并控制所述多路复用器依次选择所述至少一条触控导线中的一条和所述第二开关的一端电连接，在所述多路复用器选择一条所述触控导线和所述第二开关的一端电连接时，所述控制模块控制所述第二开关导通，以使得所述电压测量模块和所述多路复用器选择的一条触控导线电连接，进而通过所述多路复用器选择的一条触控导线获取充电后的所述寄生电容的电压测量值，并输出所述电压测量值，以根据所述电压测量值获取相应所述感应电极正常或故障的检测结果。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的检测电路，其中，
    所述控制模块包括控制逻辑单元和脉冲信号产生单元，所述控制逻辑单元与所述脉冲信号产生单元电连接，用于使所述脉冲信号产生单元输出脉冲信号，所述多路复用器的控制端与所述控制逻辑单元电连接，所述脉冲信号产生单元的输出端和所述第一开关的控制端、所述第二开关的控制端电连接；
    所述第一开关为N型场效应管，所述第二开关为P型场效应管，在所述脉冲信号产生单元输出高电平时所述第一开关导通，在所述脉冲信号产生单元输出低电平时所述第二开关导通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的检测电路，其中，
    所述电压测量模块为放电电路，用于依次接收所述至少一条触控导线对应的至少一个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容所反馈的电压测量值；
    所述检测电路还包括处理模块和显示模块，所述处理模块和所述电压测量模块的输出端电连接，用于依次读取所述电压测量值并判断所述电压测量值是否在预定范围内，所述显示模块和所述处理模块电连接，用于在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值在第一预定范围内时，显示相应的感应电极正常的信息，在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值在第二预定范围内时，显示相应的感应电极断路的信息，在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值在第三预定范围内时，显示相应的感应电极短路的信息。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的检测电路，其中，
    所述电压测量模块包括放大电路和模数转换电路，所述放大电路的输入端和所述第二开关的另一端电连接，所述放大电路的输出端和所述模数转换电路的输入端电连接，所述模数转换电路的输出端和所述处理模块电连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的检测电路，其中，
    所述检测电路还包括存储模块，所述存储模块和所述处理模块电连接，用于存储所述电压测量值。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的检测电路，其中，
    所述检测电路还包括指示灯，所述指示灯与所述处理模块电连接，在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值不在所述第一预定范围时，所述处理模块控制所述指示灯发光，以指示相应的感应电极发生故障。
  7. 一种用于自容式触摸屏的检测电路，其中，所述自容式触摸屏包括多个矩阵排列且相互绝缘的感应电极，每个所述感应电极与一条触控导线一一对应连接，所述检测电路包括：充电模块和电压测量模块；
    所述充电模块用于在一个检测周期里，和至少一条所述触控导线电连接，以分别通过所述至少一条所述触控导线对对应的至少一个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容同时进行充电；
    所述电压测量模块用于在所述充电模块完成充电并与所述至少一条触控导线断开后，依次和所述至少一条触控导线电连接，以依次通过所述至少一条触控导线获取充电后的所述寄生电容的电压测量值，并输出所述电压测量值，以根据所述电压测量值获取相应所述感应电极正常或故障的检测结果。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的检测电路，其中，
    所述检测电路包括控制模块、第一开关、第二开关以及多路复用器，每条所述触控导线和所述多路复用器的一个第一通道电连接，所述多路复用器的第二通道和所述第一开关的一端、所述第二开关的一端电连接，所述第一开关的另一端和所述充电模块的输出端电连接，所述第二开关的另一端和所述电压测量模块的输入端电连接，所述控制模块分别和所述多路复用器的控制端、所述第一开关的控制端以及所述第二开关的控制端电连接；
    在一个检测周期内，所述控制模块控制所述多路复用器选择所述至少一条所述触控导线和所述第一开关的一端电连接，并控制所述第一开关导通，以使得所述充电模块和所述至少一条触控导线电连接；所述控制模块在所述寄生电容完成充电后控制所述第一开关断开，并控制所述多路复用器依次选择所述至少一条触控导线中的一条和所述第二开关的一端电连接，在所述多路复用器选择一条所述触控导线和所述第二开关的一端电连接时，所述控制模块控制所述第二开关导通，以使得所述电压测量模块和所述多路复用器选择的一条触控导线电连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的检测电路，其中，
    所述控制模块包括控制逻辑单元和脉冲信号产生单元，所述控制逻辑单元与所述脉冲信号产生单元电连接，用于使所述脉冲信号产生单元输出脉冲信号，所述多路复用器的控制端与所述控制逻辑单元电连接，所述脉冲信号产生单元的输出端和所述第一开关的控制端、所述第二开关的控制端电连接；
    所述第一开关为N型场效应管，所述第二开关为P型场效应管，在所述脉冲信号产生单元输出高电平时所述第一开关导通，在所述脉冲信号产生单元输出低电平时所述第二开关导通。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的检测电路，其中，
    所述电压测量模块为放电电路，用于依次接收所述至少一条触控导线对应的至少一个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容所反馈的电压测量值；
    所述检测电路还包括处理模块和显示模块，所述处理模块和所述电压测量模块的输出端电连接，用于依次读取所述电压测量值并判断所述电压测量值是否在预定范围内，所述显示模块和所述处理模块电连接，用于在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值在第一预定范围内时，显示相应的感应电极正常的信息，在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值在第二预定范围内时，显示相应的感应电极断路的信息，在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值在第三预定范围内时，显示相应的感应电极短路的信息。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的检测电路，其中，
    所述电压测量模块包括放大电路和模数转换电路，所述放大电路的输入端和所述第二开关的另一端电连接，所述放大电路的输出端和所述模数转换电路的输入端电连接，所述模数转换电路的输出端和所述处理模块电连接。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的检测电路，其中，
    所述检测电路还包括存储模块，所述存储模块和所述处理模块电连接，用于存储所述电压测量值。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的检测电路，其中，
    所述检测电路还包括指示灯，所述指示灯与所述处理模块电连接，在所述处理模块判断所述电压测量值不在所述第一预定范围时，所述处理模块控制所述指示灯发光，以指示相应的感应电极发生故障。
  14. 一种用于自容式触摸屏的检测方法，其中，所述单层自容式触摸屏包括多个矩阵排列且相互绝缘的感应电极，每个所述感应电极与一条触控导线一一对应连接，所述方法包括：
    在一个检测周期里，使充电模块和至少一条所述触控导线电连接，以使所述充电模块分别通过所述至少一条所述触控导线对对应的至少一个感应电极和地构成的寄生电容进行充电；
    在充电后使所述充电模块和所述至少一条所述触控导线断开；
    在断开后使电压测量模块依次和所述至少一条触控导线电连接，以使得所述电压测量模块依次通过所述至少一条触控导线获取充电后的所述寄生电容的电压测量值，并输出所述电压测量值，以根据所述电压测量值获取相应所述感应电极正常或故障的检测结果。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的检测方法，其中，
    所述输出所述电压测量值的步骤包括：显示所述电压测量值，或将所述电压测量值发送至显示模块，以显示所述电压测量值。
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