WO2016082662A1 - 一种滤波电路及装置 - Google Patents

一种滤波电路及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016082662A1
WO2016082662A1 PCT/CN2015/093667 CN2015093667W WO2016082662A1 WO 2016082662 A1 WO2016082662 A1 WO 2016082662A1 CN 2015093667 W CN2015093667 W CN 2015093667W WO 2016082662 A1 WO2016082662 A1 WO 2016082662A1
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Prior art keywords
circuit
filter
winding
filter capacitor
inductor
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PCT/CN2015/093667
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王庆海
刘元龙
李�灿
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2016082662A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016082662A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/26—Fastening parts of the core together; Fastening or mounting the core on casing or support
    • H01F27/263—Fastening parts of the core together
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/30—Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0038—Circuits or arrangements for suppressing, e.g. by masking incorrect turn-on or turn-off signals, e.g. due to current spikes in current mode control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of filter circuits, and in particular, to a filter circuit and device.
  • electromagnetic interference signals such as common mode interference signals and differential mode interference signals are inevitably generated. These interference signals not only affect the normal operation of the circuit, but also affect other through radiation or conduction. The normal operation of the electrical appliances.
  • the external environment also generates electromagnetic interference signals that affect the normal operation of the circuit, such as lightning strike interference. This has an impact on the operation of the device, and it also brings inconvenience to the user.
  • a common common mode circuit, a differential mode circuit and an anti-interference circuit are usually used to obtain the required combination.
  • the filter circuit is a combination of discrete circuits, which results in a large printed circuit board area that is wasted board space, and too many devices result in high cost.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a filter circuit and device, which can suppress the interference signal of the input and output of the switching power supply, reduce the occupation of the printed circuit board area by the circuit, and reduce the production cost.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a filter circuit, the circuit being connected to a load, the circuit package Including a power supply, an inductor, and a first filter circuit, wherein
  • the inductor includes a magnetic core, a first winding and a second winding, the magnetic core includes a ring magnet and a magnetic column, the magnetic column is disposed in an inner ring surrounded by the ring magnet, and two of the magnetic column The ends are respectively connected to the ring magnet;
  • One end of the first winding of the inductor is connected to a positive pole of the power source, one end of the second winding of the inductor is connected to a negative pole of the power source, and the other end of the first winding of the inductor is One end of the first filter circuit is connected, the other end of the second winding of the inductor is connected to the other end of the first filter circuit, and the other end of the first filter circuit is grounded;
  • Both ends of the first filter circuit are connected to both ends of the load.
  • the circuit comprises:
  • One end of the current absorbing circuit is connected to a positive pole of the power source, and the other end of the current absorbing circuit is connected to a negative pole of the power source.
  • the circuit further includes:
  • One end of the second filter circuit is connected to one end of the first winding, the other end of the second filter circuit is connected to one end of the second winding, and the other end of the second filter circuit is grounded.
  • the preset position of the magnetic column is Air gap.
  • An air gap is disposed at a junction of the magnetic column and the ring magnet, and a sealing strip is disposed at the air gap, and the sealing strip is disposed in the air gap and fills the air gap.
  • the first filtering circuit includes:
  • One end of the first filter capacitor is connected to the other end of the first winding, and the other end of the first filter capacitor is grounded;
  • One end of the second filter capacitor is connected to the other end of the second winding, and the other end of the second filter capacitor is grounded;
  • One end of the third filter capacitor is connected to the other end of the first winding, and the other end of the third filter capacitor is connected to the other end of the second winding.
  • the second filtering circuit includes:
  • One end of the fourth filter capacitor is connected to one end of the current absorbing circuit, and the other end of the fourth filter capacitor is grounded;
  • One end of the fifth filter capacitor is connected to the other end of the current absorbing circuit, and the other end of the fifth filter capacitor is grounded;
  • One end of the sixth filter capacitor is connected to one end of the current sink circuit, and the other end of the sixth filter capacitor is connected to the other end of the current sink circuit.
  • the current sink includes:
  • Any of a varistor, a gas discharge tube, and a transient suppression diode Any of a varistor, a gas discharge tube, and a transient suppression diode.
  • the load includes:
  • the power source includes: a switching power supply circuit.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a filtering device comprising a filtering circuit as described above.
  • a filter circuit of the present invention has a simple structure, is safe and reliable.
  • the circuit When suppressing the interference signal of the input and output of the switching power supply, the circuit is highly integrated, so that the occupied printed circuit board area is small, and the number of devices is small, which effectively reduces the production cost, makes the product economical and practical, and improves product competition. force.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of a filter circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an inductor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of another inductor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of still another inductor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of a filter circuit for a common mode interference signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit schematic diagram of a filter circuit for a differential mode interference signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a filter circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the filter circuit includes a power supply 100, and the circuit is connected to a load 200, wherein the filter circuit includes:
  • the inductor 300 and the first filter circuit 400 are connected to The inductor 300 and the first filter circuit 400.
  • the inductor 300 includes a magnetic core including a ring magnet and a magnetic column, the magnetic core being disposed in an inner ring surrounded by the ring magnet, the magnetic column Two ends are respectively connected to the ring magnet;
  • One end of the first winding of the inductor 300 is connected to the anode of the power source, one end of the second winding of the inductor 300 is connected to the cathode of the power source, and the other end of the first winding of the inductor 300 Connected to one end of the first filter circuit 400, the other end of the second winding of the inductor 300 is connected to the other end of the first filter circuit 400, and the other end of the first filter circuit is grounded;
  • Both ends of the load 200 are respectively connected to both ends of the first filter circuit 400.
  • the inductor 300 may be a magnetic integrated inductor, and the inductor 300 may include a magnetic core, a first winding, and a second winding.
  • the specific structure of the magnetic core can be seen in FIG. 2 .
  • the magnetic core 501 may include a ring magnet 507, magnetic columns 505 and 506, and the magnetic column may be disposed in an inner ring surrounded by the ring magnet. Further, the magnetic column may be an annular magnet extending in the inner ring direction. Extended magnetic column. Wherein, the magnetic column is in the inner ring of the ring magnet, and the magnetic column is self-contained with the ring magnet.
  • the air gap 504 is disposed at a preset position of the magnetic column, and the preset position may be a central position of the magnetic column, and the air gap may divide the magnetic column into two parts, a magnetic column 505 and a magnetic column 506. Further, the magnetic column can divide the ring magnet 507 into two parts, and two coils on the two parts are respectively wound around the two pieces of magnets to form a first winding and a second winding, wherein the first winding and the second winding The winding turns have the same number of turns. As shown in FIG. 3, the first winding may be a winding wound with a coil having one end 101 and the other end 103, and the second winding may be a winding wound with a coil having one end 102 and the other end 104.
  • one end of the first winding of the inductor 300 may be one end of one of the coils (one end 101 of the coil as shown in FIG. 3), and the other end of the first winding of the inductor 300 may be the other end of one of the coils (The other end 103 of the coil may be as shown in FIG. 3), one end of the second winding of the inductor 300 may be one end of the other coil (one end 102 of the other coil as shown in FIG. 3), the inductor The other end of the second winding of 300 may be the other end of the other coil (the other end 104 of the other coil as shown in Figure 3).
  • the spacing of the air gaps disposed on the magnetic column can be adjusted as needed, and can be used to adjust the saturation current of the differential mode interference signal.
  • the annular magnet and the magnetic column are integrally formed, so that the common mode of the inductor 300 is good and the filtering performance is excellent.
  • the ring magnet may also be a square, a rectangle or other A closed shape magnet.
  • the magnetic column can also be separated from the ring magnet, for example, with an air gap at the junction of the magnetic column and the ring magnet.
  • the magnetic column of the core of the inductor 300 is a single magnetic column 508, and the air gap is disposed between the connection of the magnetic column 508 and the ring magnet 507, and a sealing strip is provided at the air gap to seal A strip is disposed in the air gap and fills the air gap such that the magnetic column is coupled to the ring magnet through the strip.
  • circuit further includes:
  • One end of the current sink circuit 500 is connected to the anode of the power source, and the other end of the current sink circuit 500 is connected to the cathode of the power source.
  • the current sink circuit 500 may be a current sink R4 in the circuit, and the current sink R4 may include any one of not limited to: a varistor, a gas discharge tube, and a transient suppression diode.
  • the current sink circuit 500 can be used to suppress voltage abrupt changes, reduce external interference to the switching power supply circuit, and improve the immunity of the switching power supply.
  • circuit further includes:
  • One end of the second filter circuit 600 is connected to one end of the first winding of the inductor 300, and the other end of the second filter circuit 600 is connected to one end of the second winding of the inductor 300. The other end of the second filter circuit is grounded.
  • the first filter circuit 400 includes:
  • One end of the first filter capacitor C6 is connected to the other end of the first winding of the inductor 300, the other end of the first filter capacitor C6 is grounded, and one end of the second filter C7 capacitor and the inductor The other end of the second winding of the 300 is connected to the ground, the other end of the second filter capacitor C7 is grounded, and one end of the third filter capacitor C8 is connected to the other end of the first winding of the inductor 300, the third The other end of the filter capacitor C8 is connected to the other end of the second winding of the inductor 300.
  • the capacitors C6 and C7 can be common mode filter capacitors, that is, Y capacitors, used to eliminate common mode noise, and filter the circuit, the capacity can be 1nF ⁇ 300nF.
  • Capacitor C7 is a differential mode capacitor, or X capacitor, used to eliminate differential mode noise and filter the circuit.
  • the first filter circuit can add or remove capacitors as needed, for example: Remove capacitor C6 or add more X capacitors. It is not limited here.
  • the second filter circuit 700 includes:
  • One end of the fourth filter capacitor C9 is connected to one end of the current sink circuit 500, the other end of the fourth filter capacitor C9 is grounded, and one end of the fifth filter capacitor C10 is opposite to the current sink circuit 500. Connected to one end, the other end of the fifth filter capacitor C10 is grounded, one end of the sixth filter capacitor C11 is connected to one end of the current sink circuit 500, and the other end of the sixth filter capacitor C11 is connected to the current sink. The other end of the circuit 500 is connected.
  • the capacitors C9 and C10 can be common mode filter capacitors, that is, Y capacitors, used to eliminate common mode noise, and filter the circuit, the capacity can be 1nF ⁇ 300nF.
  • Capacitor C11 is a differential mode capacitor, or X capacitor, used to eliminate differential mode noise and filter the circuit.
  • the second filter circuit may add or remove capacitors as needed, for example, removing the capacitor C9 or adding more X capacitors. It is not limited here.
  • the load 200 may include a switching power supply circuit, that is, the filter circuit may be connected to an input end of the switching power supply circuit for filtering the input end of the switching power supply terminal, reducing external interference to the switching power supply circuit, and improving the switch.
  • the immunity of the power circuit may include a switching power supply circuit, that is, the filter circuit may be connected to an input end of the switching power supply circuit for filtering the input end of the switching power supply terminal, reducing external interference to the switching power supply circuit, and improving the switch. The immunity of the power circuit.
  • the power supply 100 may also include a switching power supply circuit, that is, the filter circuit may be connected to an output end of the switching power supply circuit for filtering the output end of the switching power supply terminal.
  • the present invention provides a filtering device, which may include a filtering circuit, and the circuit structure of the filtering circuit in the filtering device can be seen in FIG.
  • the common mode interference current When there is a common mode interference current in the filter circuit, refer to the common mode interference filter circuit shown in Figure 4.
  • the direction of the arrow in the figure is the direction of the common mode interference current.
  • the common mode interference current generates a magnetic field through the coil of the upper half 101 of the ring magnet of the inductor, wherein the magnetic field inside the ring magnet is counterclockwise, and the magnetic field inside the magnetic column is the right direction; the common mode interference current passes through the inductor
  • the coil of the lower half 102 of the ring magnet of the device also generates a magnetic field, wherein the direction of the magnetic field inside the ring magnet is counterclockwise, and the direction of the magnetic field inside the magnet column is the left direction.
  • the magnetic field generated by the coil of the upper half of the ring magnet inside the magnetic column and the coil of the lower half of the ring magnet are generated inside the magnetic column.
  • the magnetic field is the same size and the opposite direction, then The magnetic fields of the magnetic columns in the inductor cancel each other out, and no magnetic flux passes.
  • the coil of the upper half of the ring magnet is in the same direction as the magnetic field generated by the coil of the lower half of the ring magnet in the magnet, and the magnetic field is added in the same direction.
  • the ring magnet of the inductor exhibits high impedance. Produces a strong damping effect, attenuates the common mode current, and achieves the purpose of filtering out the common mode current, thereby suppressing the common mode noise.
  • the differential mode interference filter circuit shown in Figure 5 When there is a differential mode interference current in the filter circuit, refer to the differential mode interference filter circuit shown in Figure 5.
  • the direction of the arrow in the figure is the direction of the differential mode interference current.
  • the common mode interference current generates a magnetic field through the coil of the upper half 201 of the ring magnet of the inductor, wherein the magnetic field inside the ring magnet is counterclockwise, the magnetic field inside the magnetic column is the right direction; the differential mode interference current passes through the inductor
  • the coil of the lower half 202 of the ring magnet of the device also generates a magnetic field, wherein the direction of the magnetic field inside the ring magnet is clockwise, and the direction of the magnetic field inside the magnet column is the right direction.
  • the direction of the magnetic field of the upper half of the ring magnet is counterclockwise, the direction of the magnetic field of the lower half of the ring magnet is clockwise, but does not cancel each other, so there is magnetic flux inside the ring magnet, and the ring magnet exhibits high impedance. Further, since the coil of the upper half of the ring magnet is in the same direction as the magnetic field generated by the coil of the lower half of the ring magnet on the magnetic column, the magnetic field is added in phase, and the magnetic column also exhibits high impedance.
  • the ring magnet and the magnetic column of the inductor exhibit high impedance, which produces a strong damping effect, attenuates the differential mode current, and achieves the purpose of filtering out the differential mode current, thereby suppressing the differential mode.
  • the role of noise Further, the air gap provided on the magnetic column can increase the saturation current of the differential mode interference.
  • the filter circuit receives the electromagnetic interference signal generated by the outside world, for example, when the lightning strikes
  • the circuit schematic of the filter circuit shown in FIG. 1 can be referred to.
  • the circuit is disturbed by lightning, the instantaneous voltage and current will increase, the inductor will generate a large impedance to prevent the transient lightning current from flowing into the power supply, and force the lightning current to flow to the other branch, that is, the branch where the current absorber R4 is located.
  • the current sink R4 can suppress voltage abrupt changes and reduce circuit interference, thus protecting the power supply circuit.
  • a filter circuit of the present invention has a simple structure, is safe and reliable.
  • the input and output of the switching power supply can suppress the interference signal, improve the anti-interference ability, and the circuit is highly integrated, so that the occupied printed circuit board area is small, and the device is used less, the production cost is effectively reduced, the product is economical and practical, and the product is improved.
  • Competitiveness can suppress the interference signal, improve the anti-interference ability, and the circuit is highly integrated, so that the occupied printed circuit board area is small, and the device is used less, the production cost is effectively reduced, the product is economical and practical, and the product is improved.
  • the machine can be read into a storage medium, and when executed, the program can include the flow of an embodiment of the methods as described above.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

Abstract

一种滤波电路及滤波装置。滤波电路包括电源（100）、电感器（300）和第一滤波电路（400）。电感器包括磁芯（501）、第一绕组和第二绕组，磁芯包括环形磁体（507）和磁柱（505，506），磁柱设置于环形磁体围成的内环内，磁柱的两端分别与环形磁体连接。滤波电路采用分立元件构成，对开关电源的输入输出进行抑制干扰信号，提高抗扰能力，且电路能够高度集成，使得占用的印刷电路板面积小，并且采用器件少，有效降低了生产成本，提高产品的竞争力。

Description

一种滤波电路及装置
本申请要求于2014年11月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410699003.9，发明名称为“一种滤波电路及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及滤波电路领域，尤其涉及一种滤波电路及装置。
背景技术
随着电力电子技术的高速发展，电力电子设备与人们的工作、生活的关系日益密切，而电子设备都离不开可靠的电源。为了获得稳定可靠的电源供应，开关电源应运而生，并且越来越普遍用于各个电力供应中。
但在开关电源中，由于电路工作在开关状态，不可避免会产生共模干扰信号和差模干扰信号等电磁干扰信号，这些干扰信号不仅影响电路的正常工作，还通过辐射或者传导的方式影响其他电器的正常工作。同时，在开关电路工作的过程中，外界也会产生电磁干扰信号影响电路的正常运行，例如：雷击干扰。这都给设备的运行带来了影响，也给用户带来了不便。
目前，为了抑制电路产生共模干扰信号和差模干扰信号等电磁干扰信号，并提高抵抗其他干扰信号影响的能力，通常采用分立的共模电路、差模电路和抗扰电路进行组合获得所需的滤波电路，但是，由于是采用分立的电路进行组合，这将导致电路所占的印刷电路板面积大浪费电路板空间，并且器件过多导致成本高。
发明内容
本发明实施例所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种滤波电路及装置，可对开关电源的输入输出进行抑制干扰信号，并降低电路占用印刷电路板面积，降低生产成本。
本发明第一方面提供一种滤波电路，所述电路与负载相连接，所述电路包 括电源，电感器和第一滤波电路，其中，
所述电感器包括磁芯、第一绕组和第二绕组，所述磁芯包括环形磁体和磁柱，所述磁柱设置于所述环形磁体围成的内环内，所述磁柱的两端分别与所述环形磁体连接；
所述电感器的第一绕组的一端与所述电源的正极连接，所述电感器的第二绕组的一端与所述电源的负极连接，所述电感器的第一绕组的另一端与所述第一滤波电路的一端连接，所述电感器的第二绕组的另一端与所述第一滤波电路的另一端连接，所述第一滤波电路的又一端接地；
所述第一滤波电路两端与所述负载两端相连接。
在第一种可能实现的方式中，所述电路包括：
电流吸收电路；
所述电流吸收电路的一端与所述电源的正极连接，所述电流吸收电路的另一端与所述电源的负极连接。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，所述电路还包括：
第二滤波电路；
第二滤波电路；
所述第二滤波电路的一端与所述第一绕组的一端连接，所述第二滤波电路的另一端与所述第二绕组的一端连接，所述第二滤波电路的又一端接地。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，所述磁柱的预置位置上设有气隙。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，所述磁柱与所述环形磁体的连接处设有气隙，所述气隙处设有密封胶条，所述密封胶条设置于所述气隙中并将所述气隙充满。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，所述第一滤波电路包括：
第一滤波电容、第二滤波电容和第三滤波电容；
所述第一滤波电容的一端与所述第一绕组的另一端连接，所述第一滤波电容的另一端接地；
所述第二滤波电容的一端与所述第二绕组的另一端连接，所述第二滤波电容的另一端接地；
所述第三滤波电容的一端与所述第一绕组的另一端连接，所述第三滤波电容的另一端与所述第二绕组的另一端连接。
结合第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，所述第二滤波电路包括：
第四滤波电容、第五滤波电容和第六滤波电容；
所述第四滤波电容的一端与所述电流吸收电路的一端连接，所述第四滤波电容的另一端接地；
所述第五滤波电容的一端与所述电流吸收电路的另一端连接，所述第五滤波电容的另一端接地；
所述第六滤波电容的一端与所述电流吸收电路的一端连接，所述第六滤波电容的另一端与所述电流吸收电路的另一端连接。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第七种可能的实现方式中，所述电流吸收器包括：
压敏电阻、气体放电管和瞬态抑制二极管中的任一种电流吸收器。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中或第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式，在第八种可能的实现方式中，所述负载包括：
开关电源电路。
结合第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中或第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式，在第九种可能的实现方式 中，所述电源包括：开关电源电路。
本发明第二方面提供一种滤波装置，所述滤波装置包括如上所述的滤波电路。
由上可见，在本发明的一些实施例中，本发明的一种滤波电路结构简单，安全可靠。在对开关电源的输入输出进行抑制干扰信号提高抗扰能力时，电路高度集成，使得占用的印刷电路板面积小，并且采用器件少，有效降低了生产成本，使得产品经济实用，提高产品的竞争力。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种滤波电路的电路原理图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种电感器的结构图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的另一种电感器的结构图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的又一种电感器的结构图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的一种共模干扰信号的滤波电路的电路原理图；
图6是本发明实施例提供的一种差模干扰信号的滤波电路的电路原理图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参见图1，为本发明实施例提供的一种滤波电路的电路原理图。如图1所示，所述滤波电路包括电源100，所述电路与负载200连接，其中，所述滤波电路包括：
电感器300和第一滤波电路400。
所述电感器300包括磁芯、第一绕组和第二绕组，所述磁芯包括环形磁体和磁柱，所述磁柱设置于所述环形磁体围成的内环内，所述磁柱的两端分别与所述环形磁体连接；
所述电感器300的第一绕组的一端与所述电源的正极连接，所述电感器300的第二绕组的一端与所述电源的负极连接，所述电感器300的第一绕组的另一端与所述第一滤波电路400的一端连接，所述电感器300的第二绕组的另一端与所述第一滤波电路400的另一端连接，所述第一滤波电路的又一端接地；
所述负载200两端分别与所述第一滤波电路400的两端相连接。
在本发明实施例中，电感器300可以是磁集成电感器，电感器300可包括磁芯、第一绕组和第二绕组。其中，磁芯的具体结构可以参见图2。如图2所示，磁芯501可包括环形磁体507、磁柱505和506，磁柱可以设置于环形磁体围成的内环内，进一步的，磁柱可以是环形磁体往内环方向进行延伸的延伸磁柱。其中，磁柱在环形磁体的内环内，并磁柱与环形磁体自为一体。气隙504设于磁柱的预置位置上，预置位置可以是磁柱的中心位置，则气隙可以把磁柱分为磁柱505和磁柱506两部分。进一步的，磁柱可以把环形磁体507分为两部分，在这两部分上有两个线圈分别绕在这两段磁体上，形成第一绕组和第二绕组，其中，第一绕组和第二绕组的线圈匝数相同。如图3所示，第一绕组可以是一端为101，另一端为103的线圈绕成的绕组，第二绕组可以是一端为102，另一端为104的线圈绕成的绕组。其中，电感器300的第一绕组的一端可以是其中一个线圈的一端(可如图3所示的线圈的一端101)，电感器300的第一绕组的另一端可以是其中一个线圈的另一端(可如图3所示的线圈的另一端103)，电感器300的第二绕组的一端可以是另一个线圈的的一端(可如图3所示的另一个线圈的一端102)，电感器300的第二绕组的另一端可以是另一个线圈的另一端(可如图3所示的另一个线圈的另一端104)。其中，设置于磁柱上的气隙的间距可根据需要进行调整，可用于调整差模干扰信号的饱和电流。其中，环形磁体和磁柱的一体成形，使得电感器300的共模特性好，滤波性能优良。
进一步的，在本发明实施例中，环形磁体还可以是正方形、长方形或其他 闭合形状的磁体。磁柱也可以与环形磁体分离，如，在磁柱与环形磁体连接处设有气隙。如图3所示，电感器300的磁芯的磁柱是一根单独的磁柱508，气隙设于磁柱508与环形磁体507的连接之间，气隙处设有密封胶条，密封胶条设置于所述气隙中并将所述气隙充满，使得磁柱与环形磁体通过密封胶条连接。
进一步的，电路还包括：
电流吸收电路500；
所述电流吸收电路500的一端与所述电源的正极连接，所述电流吸收电路500的另一端与所述电源的负极连接。
在本发明实施例中，电流吸收器电路500可以是电路中的电流吸收器R4，电流吸收器R4可包括并不限于：压敏电阻、气体放电管和瞬态抑制二极管中的任一种。电流吸收器电路500可以用于抑制电压突变，减少外部对开关电源电路的干扰，提高开关电源的抗扰能力。
进一步的，所述电路还包括：
第二滤波电路600；
所述第二滤波电路600的一端与所述电感器300的第一绕组的一端连接，所述第二滤波电路600的另一端与所述电感器300的第二绕组的一端连接，所述第二滤波电路的又一端接地。
进一步的，所述第一滤波电路400包括：
第一滤波电容C6、第二滤波电容C7和第三滤波电容C8；
所述第一滤波电容C6的一端与所述电感器300的第一绕组的另一端连接，所述第一滤波电容C6的另一端接地，所述第二滤波C7电容的一端与所述电感器300的第二绕组的另一端连接，所述第二滤波电容C7的另一端接地，所述第三滤波电容C8的一端与所述电感器300的第一绕组的另一端连接，所述第三滤波电容C8的另一端与所述电感器300的第二绕组的另一端连接。
其中，我们可以理解的是，电容C6和C7可以是共模滤波电容，即Y电容，用于消除共模噪声，对电路进行滤波，容量大小可以是1nF～300nF。电容C7是差模电容，即X电容，用于消除差模噪声，对电路进行滤波。进一步的，在本发明实施例中，第一滤波电路可以根据需要进行添加或去除电容，例如： 去除电容C6，或者添加更多的X电容。在此不对其进行限制。
进一步的，所述第二滤波电路700包括：
第四滤波电容C9、第五滤波电容C10和第六滤波电容C11；
所述第四滤波电容C9的一端与所述电流吸收电路500的一端连接，所述第四滤波电容C9的另一端接地，所述第五滤波电容C10的一端与所述电流吸收电路500的另一端连接，所述第五滤波电容C10的另一端接地，所述第六滤波电容C11的一端与所述电流吸收电路500的一端连接，所述第六滤波电容C11的另一端与所述电流吸收电路500的另一端连接。
其中，我们可以理解的是，电容C9和C10可以是共模滤波电容，即Y电容，用于消除共模噪声，对电路进行滤波，容量大小可以是1nF～300nF。电容C11是差模电容，即X电容，用于消除差模噪声，对电路进行滤波。进一步的，在本发明实施例中，第二滤波电路可以根据需要进行添加或去除电容，例如：去除电容C9，或者添加更多的X电容。在此不对其进行限制。
进一步的，所述负载200可以包括开关电源电路，即所述滤波电路可以与开关电源电路的输入端连接，用于对开关电源端的输入端进行滤波，减少外部对开关电源电路的干扰，提高开关电源电路的抗扰能力。
所述电源100也可以包括开关电源电路，即所述滤波电路可以与开关电源电路的输出端连接，用于对开关电源端的输出端进行滤波。
本发明提供了一种滤波装置，所述滤波装置可以包括滤波电路，所述滤波装置中的滤波电路的电路结构可以参见图1。
下面结合图1和图4和图5，对所述滤波电路的工作原理进行详细描述。
当滤波电路中存在共模干扰电流时，可参见图4所示的共模干扰滤波电路，图中的箭头方向为共模干扰电流的方向。则，共模干扰电流通过电感器的环形磁体的上半部分101的线圈产生磁场，其中，环形磁体内部的磁场方向为逆时针，磁柱内部的磁场方向为右方向；共模干扰电流通过电感器的环形磁体的下半部分102的线圈也产生磁场，其中，环形磁体内部的磁场方向为逆时针，在磁柱内部的磁场方向为左方向。由于电感的上部分环形磁体的线圈和下部分环形磁体的线圈的匝数相同，则上半部分环形磁体的线圈在磁柱内部产生的磁场与下半部分环形磁体的线圈在磁柱内部产生的磁场大小相同，方向相反，则 电感器中的磁柱的磁场相互抵消，无磁通量通过。进一步的，上半部分环形磁体的线圈在磁体产生的磁场与下半部分环形磁体的线圈在磁体产生的磁场方向相同，则磁场同向相加，则此时电感器的环形磁体呈现高阻抗，产生较强的阻尼效果，衰减共模电流，达到滤除共模电流的目的，从而起到抑制共模噪声的作用。
当滤波电路中存在差模干扰电流时，可参见图5所示的差模干扰滤波电路，图中的箭头方向为差模干扰电流的方向。则，共模干扰电流通过电感器的环形磁体的上半部分201的线圈产生磁场，其中，环形磁体内部的磁场方向为逆时针，磁柱内部的磁场方向为右方向；差模干扰电流通过电感器的环形磁体的下半部分202的线圈也产生磁场，其中，环形磁体内部的磁场方向为顺时针，在磁柱内部的磁场方向为右方向。在环形磁体内部中，虽然环形磁体的上半部分的磁场方向逆时针，环形磁体的下半部分的磁场方向为顺时针，但彼此不抵消，故环形磁体内部存在磁通量，环形磁体呈现高阻抗。进一步的，由于上半部分环形磁体的线圈在磁柱产生的磁场与下半部分环形磁体的线圈在磁柱上产生的磁场方向相同，则磁场同相相加，磁柱上也呈现高阻抗。由此我们可以理解的是，此时电感器的环形磁体和磁柱均呈现高阻抗，产生较强的阻尼效果，衰减差模电流，达到滤除差模电流的目的，从而起到抑制差模噪声的作用。进一步的，磁柱上设有的气隙可以提高差模干扰的饱和电流。
进一步的，当滤波电路收到外界产生的电磁干扰信号干扰时，例如：雷击干扰时，可参见图1所示的滤波电路的电路原理图。当电路受到雷击干扰时，由于瞬间电压电流变大，电感器将产生很大的阻抗阻碍瞬态的雷击电流流向电源内部，并迫使雷击电流流向另一个支路，即电流吸收器R4所在的支路，电流吸收器R4可以抑制电压突变，减小电路干扰，从而保护了电源电路。
由上可见，在本发明的一些实施例中，本发明的一种滤波电路结构简单，安全可靠。可对开关电源的输入输出进行抑制干扰信号，提高抗扰能力，并且电路高度集成，使得占用的印刷电路板面积小，并且采用器件少，有效降低了生产成本，使得产品经济实用，提高产品的竞争力。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于一计算 机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory，ROM)或随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory，RAM)等。
以上所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种滤波电路，其特征在于，所述电路与负载相连接，所述电路包括电源，电感器和第一滤波电路，其中，
    所述电感器包括磁芯、第一绕组和第二绕组，所述磁芯包括环形磁体和磁柱，所述磁柱设置于所述环形磁体围成的内环内，所述磁柱的两端分别与所述环形磁体连接；
    所述电感器的第一绕组的一端与所述电源的正极连接，所述电感器的第二绕组的一端与所述电源的负极连接，所述电感器的第一绕组的另一端与所述第一滤波电路的一端连接，所述电感器的第二绕组的另一端与所述第一滤波电路的另一端连接，所述第一滤波电路的又一端接地；
    所述第一滤波电路两端与所述负载两端相连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电路，其特征在于，所述电路包括：
    电流吸收电路；
    所述电流吸收电路的一端与所述电源的正极连接，所述电流吸收电路的另一端与所述电源的负极连接。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的电路，其特征在于，所述电路还包括：
    第二滤波电路；
    所述第二滤波电路的一端与所述第一绕组的一端连接，所述第二滤波电路的另一端与所述第二绕组的一端连接，所述第二滤波电路的又一端接地。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述磁柱的预置位置上设有气隙。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述磁柱与所述环形磁体的连接处设有气隙，所述气隙处设有密封胶条，所述密封胶条设置于所述气隙中并将所述气隙充满。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述第一滤波电路包括：
    第一滤波电容、第二滤波电容和第三滤波电容；
    所述第一滤波电容的一端与所述第一绕组的另一端连接，所述第一滤波电容的另一端接地；
    所述第二滤波电容的一端与所述第二绕组的另一端连接，所述第二滤波电容的另一端接地；
    所述第三滤波电容的一端与所述第一绕组的另一端连接，所述第三滤波电容的另一端与所述第二绕组的另一端连接。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的电路，其特征在于，所述第二滤波电路包括：
    第四滤波电容、第五滤波电容和第六滤波电容；
    所述第四滤波电容的一端与所述电流吸收电路的一端连接，所述第四滤波电容的另一端接地；
    所述第五滤波电容的一端与所述电流吸收电路的另一端连接，所述第五滤波电容的另一端接地；
    所述第六滤波电容的一端与所述电流吸收电路的一端连接，所述第六滤波电容的另一端与所述电流吸收电路的另一端连接。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的电路，其特征在于，所述电流吸收电路包括：
    压敏电阻、气体放电管和瞬态抑制二极管中的任一种电流吸收器。
  9. 如权利要求1-8任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述负载包括：开关电源电路。
  10. 如权利要求1-8任一项所述的电路，其特征在于，所述电源包括：开关电源电路。
  11. 一种滤波装置，其特征在于，所述滤波装置包括如权利要求1-10任一项所述的滤波电路。
PCT/CN2015/093667 2014-11-27 2015-11-03 一种滤波电路及装置 WO2016082662A1 (zh)

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