WO2016080425A1 - 変性エチレン系重合体、接着性樹脂組成物、積層体、その用途 - Google Patents

変性エチレン系重合体、接着性樹脂組成物、積層体、その用途 Download PDF

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WO2016080425A1
WO2016080425A1 PCT/JP2015/082357 JP2015082357W WO2016080425A1 WO 2016080425 A1 WO2016080425 A1 WO 2016080425A1 JP 2015082357 W JP2015082357 W JP 2015082357W WO 2016080425 A1 WO2016080425 A1 WO 2016080425A1
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Prior art keywords
ethylene polymer
laminate
modified ethylene
modified
adhesive
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PCT/JP2015/082357
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
峻宏 前田
浩徳 松本
孝 佐久間
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三井化学株式会社
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Application filed by 三井化学株式会社 filed Critical 三井化学株式会社
Priority to EP15861386.9A priority Critical patent/EP3222638B1/en
Priority to JP2016560255A priority patent/JP6644704B2/ja
Priority to ES15861386T priority patent/ES2821825T3/es
Priority to US15/523,520 priority patent/US20170321092A1/en
Priority to CN201580062369.8A priority patent/CN107108784B/zh
Publication of WO2016080425A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016080425A1/ja

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F8/00Chemical modification by after-treatment
    • C08F8/46Reaction with unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, e.g. maleinisation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J123/00Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J123/02Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C09J123/04Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C09J123/06Polyethene
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0001Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/154Coating solid articles, i.e. non-hollow articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C48/18Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
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    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
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    • B29C48/44Planetary screws
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/49Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using two or more extruders to feed one die or nozzle
    • B29C48/495Feed-blocks
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    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
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    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F255/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
    • C08F255/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/26Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J123/00Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J123/26Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J151/00Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J151/06Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J7/00Adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J7/20Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by their carriers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J7/00Adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J7/30Adhesives in the form of films or foils characterised by the adhesive composition
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/16Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04Polymers of ethylene
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2250/24All layers being polymeric
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70Other properties
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    • B32B2307/00Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • B32B2307/724Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B32B2307/7242Non-permeable
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    • B32B2597/00Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2203/00Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2203/354Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils for automotive applications
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2301/00Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2301/40Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components
    • C09J2301/414Additional features of adhesives in the form of films or foils characterized by the presence of essential components presence of a copolymer
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    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2423/00Presence of polyolefin
    • C09J2423/04Presence of homo or copolymers of ethene
    • C09J2423/046Presence of homo or copolymers of ethene in the substrate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2429/00Presence of polyvinyl alcohol
    • C09J2429/006Presence of polyvinyl alcohol in the substrate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2451/00Presence of graft polymer
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    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2477/00Presence of polyamide
    • C09J2477/006Presence of polyamide in the substrate

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a modified ethylene polymer and its use. Specifically, the present invention relates to a modified ethylene polymer that can provide an adhesive resin composition having high fuel barrier properties and excellent adhesiveness and mechanical strength, and a laminate using the polymer.
  • Polyethylene resin has recently been widely used as a fuel tank for automobiles. Since the polyethylene resin has high fuel permeability, there is a method of laminating a resin having a gas barrier property superior to that of the polyethylene resin, such as a saponified ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer (hereinafter referred to as “EVOH”), on the polyethylene resin. . At this time, since the adhesion between polyethylene and EVOH was extremely low, a multilayer fuel tank was obtained by bonding using an adhesive resin such as a modified product obtained by graft-modifying polyethylene with carboxylic acids (Patent Document 1).
  • EVOH saponified ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer
  • a laminate composed of a gas barrier resin and a modified ethylene polymer is used, and by heating and remelting (welding) the modified ethylene polymer part, The tank peripheral member was fused to the polyethylene gasoline tank through the modified ethylene polymer portion.
  • the demand for fuel permeation suppression for plastic fuel tanks becomes more severe, it is becoming difficult for the conventional technology to satisfy the demand.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a modified ethylene polymer having excellent adhesion to polyethylene such as a gasoline tank, mechanical strength, and good fuel barrier properties, and lamination using the same. Is to provide a body.
  • an adhesive resin composition using a modified ethylene polymer having specific physical properties and a laminate obtained from the adhesive resin composition are excellent in solving the above problems.
  • the inventors have found that the present invention has an effect and completed the present invention.
  • the configuration of the present invention is as follows.
  • [3] The modified ethylene polymer according to [1] or [2], wherein at least a part of the ethylene polymer is obtained by polymerization in the presence of a metallocene catalyst.
  • An adhesive resin composition comprising the modified ethylene polymer according to any one of [1] to [3].
  • [5] A laminate comprising an adhesive layer made of the adhesive resin composition according to [4], and a resin layer provided on at least one surface of the adhesive layer.
  • the resin layer is made of at least one selected from polyamide and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.
  • the laminate according to [5] or [6] produced by a coextrusion molding method.
  • the laminate according to [5] or [6] which is produced by an injection molding method.
  • the modified ethylene polymer of the present invention is subjected to a predetermined graft modification, and the elution amount by CFC (cross fractionation chromatography) which is one of the scales of crystallinity evaluation is adjusted to be within a predetermined range. Therefore, it exhibits excellent adhesiveness and mechanical strength, and exhibits good fuel barrier properties. Therefore, when such a modified ethylene polymer is used in an adhesive resin composition to form an adhesive layer of a laminate, the laminate has high adhesive strength with polyethylene, etc., and excellent long-term durability and impact resistance. Is obtained.
  • the adhesive resin composition of the present invention is used in a laminate for tank peripheral members, it has high adhesiveness to gasoline tank members and maintains sufficient adhesive strength even when contacted with high-temperature gasoline or light oil. Excellent long-term durability.
  • the laminated body which concerns on this invention can be used suitably for tank peripheral members, such as a valve
  • modified ethylene polymer The modified ethylene polymer of the present invention is obtained by graft-modifying a part or all of an ethylene polymer with an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof.
  • unsaturated carboxylic acid or its derivative examples include acrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid, nadic acid (endocis-bicyclo [2,2,1] Unsaturated carboxylic acids such as hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid; or derivatives thereof such as acid halides, amides, imides, anhydrides, esters and the like.
  • Such derivatives include, for example, maleyl chloride, maleimide, maleic anhydride, citraconic anhydride, monomethyl maleate, dimethyl maleate, glycidyl maleate and the like.
  • unsaturated carboxylic acids or acid anhydrides thereof are suitable, and maleic acid, nadic acid or acid anhydrides thereof are particularly preferably used.
  • the modified ethylene polymer according to the present invention can be obtained by various known methods. As a specific method, an ethylene polymer is dissolved in an organic solvent, and then an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof and a radical initiator such as an organic peroxide as necessary are added to the obtained solution.
  • a radical initiator such as an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof and, if necessary, an organic peroxide is added to the mixture, and usually at a temperature not lower than the melting point of the ethylene polymer, preferably at a temperature of 120 to 350 ° C.
  • the method of making it react for minutes is mentioned.
  • the unmodified ethylene polymer that is the basis of the modified ethylene polymer according to the present invention is an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene and an ⁇ -olefin.
  • the ⁇ -olefin to be copolymerized with ethylene is an ⁇ -olefin having 3 or more carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 10, specifically, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, Examples include 1-decene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, and combinations of two or more thereof.
  • the copolymerization amount of ⁇ -olefin is not particularly limited, but is usually 10 mol% or less.
  • the ethylene-based polymer before modification is not particularly limited as long as the density of the resulting modified ethylene-based polymer is within the range described below, but the density is in the range of 930 to 980 kg / m 3 , and the MFR is It is desirable to be in the range of 0.1 to 50 g / 10 minutes.
  • the ethylene-based polymer before modification can be produced by a known method using a known Philips type catalyst (chromium-based), Ziegler-type catalyst (titanium-based), or metallocene-based catalyst.
  • Philips type catalyst chromium-based
  • Ziegler-type catalyst titanium-based
  • metallocene-based catalyst those obtained by polymerization in the presence of a metallocene catalyst are suitable for satisfying the predetermined elution amount of the present invention.
  • the modified ethylene polymer has a density in the range of 920 to 960 kg / m 3 and a melt flow rate (MFR) measured by ASTM D1238 (190 ° C., 2160 g load) of 0.1 to 10 g / 10 min, preferably Is in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 g / 10 min.
  • MFR melt flow rate
  • melt flow rate, density, and I 10 / I 2 are in the above ranges, it has sufficient mechanical strength as an adhesive resin composition for multilayer molded parts around gasoline tanks, and crack resistance against long-term low stress Excellent in injection moldability and blow moldability.
  • the weight of the graft monomer with respect to the ethylene polymer before modification is preferably in the range of 0.15 to 0.40% by weight, preferably in the range of 0.15 to 0.30% by weight. More preferably, it is in the range of 0.15 to 0.25% by weight, and part or all is graft-modified with an unsaturated carboxylic acid or derivative thereof.
  • the adhesive resin composition for a multilayer molded member around the gasoline tank has sufficient adhesive strength to the gas barrier resin, and adheres to long-term gasoline immersion. Excellent at holding power.
  • the modified ethylene polymer has an elution amount at 80 ° C. or lower, preferably an elution amount to o-dichlorobenzene at 80 ° C. or lower in CFC measurement of 10% by weight or less.
  • Those that satisfy these elution amounts have little change in crystallinity due to environmental changes, little swelling to gasoline, etc., high mechanical strength, high adhesive strength at high temperatures, and long-term stable gas barrier properties. is doing.
  • ethylene polymers are not composed of uniform crystallinity, have a crystalline distribution, and those with a large amount of elution have thick and thin crystals mixed together. It is considered that as the temperature rises, the crystallinity is lost from the thin crystal and the crystal component responsible for the fuel barrier property is reduced, so that the barrier property is lowered.
  • the elution amount at 80 ° C. or lower in CFC measurement can be adjusted as appropriate by those skilled in the art, but can be adjusted by adjusting, for example, the density, composition distribution (MFR), and graft amount.
  • the elution amount can be adjusted to 10% by weight or less by using, for example, an ethylene polymer having a narrow composition distribution produced in the presence of a metallocene catalyst.
  • the modified ethylene polymer has a time until breakage of not less than 100 hr in the all-around notch creep test in 5.5 MPa / 80 ° C. warm water based on JIS K6774.
  • the time until the rupture by the creep test is in the above range, the crack in the modified polyolefin caused by long-term low stress acting on the tank peripheral member accompanying deformation of the polyethylene gasoline tank has high crack resistance.
  • the modified ethylene polymer is used as a constituent material of a gas barrier resin peripheral member joined to a polyethylene gasoline tank. More specifically, after molding a tank peripheral member consisting of a gas barrier resin and a modified ethylene polymer by injection molding, tube extrusion molding, blow molding, etc., the modified ethylene polymer part is heated and remelted to modify The tank peripheral member is fused and joined to a polyethylene gasoline tank through the ethylene polymer portion.
  • the adhesive resin composition of the present invention contains the modified ethylene polymer.
  • the elution amount of the adhesive resin composition of the present invention is desirably about the same as the elution amount of the modified ethylene polymer of the present invention.
  • the adhesive resin composition of the present invention may contain an unmodified ethylene polymer having a density of 930 to 980 kg / m 3 .
  • the amount of the unmodified ethylene polymer is preferably 30% by weight or less with respect to 100% by weight of the total amount of the modified ethylene polymer and the unmodified ethylene polymer.
  • an unmodified ethylene polymer polymerized in the presence of a metallocene catalyst may be used for the purpose of adjusting the elution amount of the adhesive resin composition of the present invention to a desired range. preferable.
  • the above-described adjustment method can be applied in the same manner.
  • an antioxidant in the adhesive resin composition of the present invention, an antioxidant, a weather stabilizer, an antistatic agent, an antifogging agent, an antiblocking agent, a lubricant, a nucleating agent, and a pigment that are usually used within the range not impairing the object of the present invention.
  • Etc. or other polymers, rubber and the like can be blended as required.
  • the adhesive resin composition of the present invention preferably, Izod impact strength was measured at -40 °C atmosphere according to ASTM D 256 is 10 kJ / m 2 or more, preferably 12 kJ / m 2 or more.
  • Izod impact strength in the ⁇ 40 ° C. atmosphere is in this range, the low temperature drop impact strength is high when used in a multilayer structure.
  • the adhesive resin composition of the present invention can be obtained by various known methods, for example, a method of dry blending the modified ethylene polymer within the above range using a Henschel mixer, a tumbler blender, a V-blender, etc. It can be prepared by a melt kneading method using a screw extruder, a multi-screw extruder, a Banbury mixer or the like, or by stirring and mixing in the presence of a solvent.
  • the laminate of the present invention has an adhesive layer (A) formed from the adhesive resin composition and a resin layer (B) formed on at least one side of the adhesive layer (A). Moreover, the same or different resin layer (C) as the resin layer (B) may be formed on the other surface of the adhesive layer (A).
  • the resin layer (B) is composed of a gas barrier resin.
  • the gas barrier resin refers to a resin having gasoline permeability lower than that of polyolefin. Specific examples include polyamide resins and ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymers.
  • nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 11, nylon 12, MXD nylon, amorphous nylon, terephthalic acid / adipic acid / hexamethylenediamine copolymer and the like are preferably used as the polyamide resin.
  • ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer a copolymer having an ethylene content of 20 to 50 mol% is preferably used.
  • a polyethylene resin or the like can be used, for example, an ethylene homopolymer or a random copolymer of ethylene and ⁇ -olefin.
  • the copolymerization amount of the ⁇ -olefin is not particularly limited as long as the density of the polyethylene resin is within the following range, but is usually preferably 10 mol% or less, more preferably 5 mol% or less.
  • the ⁇ -olefin is preferably an ⁇ -olefin having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and specifically, for example, propylene, 1-butene, 1-hexene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene, 1-decene and the like. Can be mentioned.
  • the melt flow rate (MFR) [ASTM D 1238 (temperature: 190 ° C., load: 2160 g load)] of the polyethylene resin is preferably 0.01 to 3.0 g / 10 minutes, more preferably 0.05 to 1.5 g.
  • the density is preferably in the range of 0.940 to 0.980 g / cm 3 , more preferably in the range of 0.950 to 0.970 g / cm 3 .
  • a filler in the layers (A), (B), and (C) constituting the laminate of the present invention, a filler, a stabilizer, a lubricant, an antistatic agent, a flame retardant, and foam are within the range not impairing the object of the present invention.
  • Additives known per se, such as an agent, can be blended.
  • the production method of the laminate of the present invention can employ a known method without particular limitation, and is performed by, for example, a co-extrusion method.
  • the coextrusion molding method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include known coextrusion molding methods such as a coextrusion multilayer die method and a feed block method in which melt extrusion is performed using a plurality of extruders.
  • the conditions at the time of coextrusion molding are also not particularly limited, and the resin constituting the layer (A) and the layer (B) is heated to a melting temperature or higher and melt-extruded using the above-mentioned extruder so as to reach a predetermined temperature. Just cool it down.
  • the adhesion between the layer (A) and the layer (B) is strengthened by producing the laminate by coextrusion molding. Furthermore, since the laminated body manufactured by coextrusion molding can be manufactured in one process, it is excellent in productivity.
  • the laminating method uses a so-called extrusion laminating method in which a film is extruded by an extruder equipped with a die such as a coat hanger die, T die, or I die, or a pre-formed adhesive film (A), A method of thermocompression bonding with a nip roll on a resin film (B) heated to a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the film (A), an adhesive film (A) or a resin film (B) placed on a mold, and then the resin layer (B Or injection molding to obtain a laminate through heating and cooling steps by introducing a resin constituting the adhesive layer (A).
  • a die such as a coat hanger die, T die, or I die
  • A A method of thermocompression bonding with a nip roll on a resin film (B) heated to a temperature higher than the softening temperature of the film (A)
  • an adhesive film (A) or a resin film (B) placed on a mold and then the resin layer (B
  • the modified ethylene polymer constituting the laminate of the present invention has a predetermined graft modification, and the amount of elution at 80 ° C. or lower in CFC measurement is adjusted to a predetermined range or lower, so that adhesion and mechanical strength are reduced.
  • the adhesive force is considered to be derived not only from the intermolecular interaction between the adhesive and the adherend but also from the mechanical strength of the base resin. As the modification rate increases, the intermolecular interaction becomes stronger, but it is presumed that the mechanical structure of the base resin has a large change in crystal structure and the mechanical strength of the adhesive layer may be lowered.
  • the mechanical strength of the base resin structure contributes more to the adhesive strength than the modified rate. Is estimated to be high. Therefore, when such a modified ethylene polymer is used in an adhesive resin composition to form an adhesive layer of a laminate, the adhesive strength and the adhesive strength after contact with gasoline or light oil are high, and long-term durability and impact resistance. A laminate having excellent properties can be obtained.
  • the surfaces to be joined are usually brought into contact with each other and pressed together.
  • the dissimilar members are usually poorly joined or not joined.
  • the specific modified ethylene polymer constitutes the adhesive layer of the laminate, so that good bonding can be obtained.
  • These joints are not only strong, but also have low leakage (liquid and gas) and can be sealed well, using these methods to create systems that handle liquids and / or gases, especially under pressure and / or vacuum Can do.
  • the automobile fuel tank body is often made of polyethylene due to low cost and physical strength, but according to the present invention, it can be firmly joined to polyethylene. Therefore, the laminated body of the present invention can be used for peripheral members of fuel tanks such as fuel valves, fuel system fixtures, fuel pipes (rigid and flexible), fuel gauge members, fuel injectors, fuel pumps, and components of these products. It can be suitably used, and is particularly suitable as a fuel valve.
  • MFR (g / 10 min) The temperature was measured at 190 ° C. and a load of 2160 g in accordance with ASTM D 1238.
  • the proportion (wt%) of o-dichlorobenzene soluble component at 80 ° C. or lower was determined by CFC measurement under the following conditions.
  • Apparatus Cross fractionation chromatograph CFC2 (Polymer ChAR), Detector (built-in): Infrared spectrophotometer IR4 (Polymer ChAR), Detection wavelength: 3.42 ⁇ m (2,920 cm ⁇ 1); fixed, Sample concentration: 120 mg / 30 mL, injection volume: 0.5 mL, Temperature drop time: 1.0 ° C./min, Elution category: 4.0 ° C intervals (-20 ° C to 140 ° C), GPC column: Shodex HT-806M ⁇ 3 (Showa Denko), GPC column temperature: 140 ° C., GPC column calibration: monodisperse polystyrene (Tosoh Corporation), Molecular weight calibration method: General-purpose calibration method (polystyrene conversion), Mobile phase: o-dichlorobenzene (with BHT added), flow rate: 1.0 mL / min.
  • the full circumference notch creep test was measured in accordance with ISO16770. Specifically, it was cut out from a 6 mm thick press-molded sheet, and the length of the test piece was 40 mm. Thereafter, using a predetermined jig, an incision having a depth of 1 mm was made in the entire periphery of the center of the test piece. The atmosphere was warm water of 80 ° C., a constant load of 5.0 MPa was applied to the test piece, and the time until breakage was measured.
  • samples for evaluation of adhesive strength were prepared by an injection molding machine. Specifically, the modified ethylene polymers of Examples and Comparative Examples were injection molded at 200 ° C. to obtain strip-shaped resin pieces having a width of 12 mm, a length of 130 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm. Thereafter, the strip made of the modified ethylene polymer was inserted into a mold different from the mold used above, and a polyamide resin (PA6) was injected onto the modified ethylene polymer at 280 ° C.
  • PA6 polyamide resin
  • Fuel Permeability Coefficient A 2 mm thick sheet-shaped test in which 18 mL of Fuel-C, which is a simulated fuel, is placed in a SUS container (open area: 1.26 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 m 2 ) having a volume of 20 mL and press-molded. A test piece was prepared by setting the piece in the container opening and sealing it. The test specimen was placed in a thermostatic device (65 ° C.), the weight of the test specimen was measured, and when the weight loss per unit time became constant, the fuel permeability coefficient was determined by the following formula.

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Abstract

 本発明の課題は、燃料バリア性が高く、接着性や機械的強度に優れた変性エチレン系重合体およびその用途を提供することにある。本発明の変性エチレン系重合体は、エチレン系重合体の少なくとも一部が不飽和カルボン酸またはその誘導体でグラフト変性され、グラフト変性量が0.15重量%~0.40重量%の範囲であり、かつ、クロス分別クロマトグラフィー測定における80℃以下での溶出量が10重量%以下であることを特徴とする。

Description

変性エチレン系重合体、接着性樹脂組成物、積層体、その用途
 本発明は変性エチレン系重合体とその用途に関する。具体的には、燃料バリア性が高く、接着性や機械的強度に優れた接着性樹脂組成物を提供可能な、変性エチレン系重合体、および重合体を用いた積層体に関する。
 ポリエチレン樹脂は、近年、自動車用燃料タンクとしても広く使用されるようになっている。ポリエチレン樹脂は、燃料の透過性が大きいため、ポリエチレン樹脂よりもガスバリア性に優れる樹脂、例えばエチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体ケン化物(以下「EVOH」という。)などをポリエチレン樹脂に積層する方法がある。この際、ポリエチレンとEVOHの接着性は著しく低いため、ポリエチレンをカルボン酸類でグラフト変性した変性物等の接着性樹脂を用いて、接着して、多層燃料タンクを得ていた(特許文献1)。
 また、燃料タンクの上部に装着され外部管体に接続される管継手にも、シール性とともに、機械的強度および耐衝撃性に優れたものが望まれる。このような管継手として、ポリアミドとポリエチレン樹脂の2層構造を有した管継手が提案されている(特許文献2)。
特開平10-156978号公報 特開2004-293324号公報
 前記のようにバルブや管継手などのタンク周辺部材には、ガスバリア樹脂と変性エチレン系重合体からなる積層体が使用され、変性エチレン系重合体部を加熱・再溶融(溶接)することで、変性エチレン系重合体部を介して、タンク周辺部材をポリエチレン製ガソリンタンクに融着していた。しかしながら、プラスチック燃料タンクに対する燃料透過抑制の要求がより厳しくなるにつれ、従来の技術では、要求を満たすことが困難になりつつある。
 したがって、本発明の課題は、ガソリンタンクなどを構成するポリエチレンなどとの接着力に優れるとともに、機械強度に優れ、しかも良好な燃料バリア性を具有する変性エチレン系重合体、及びそれを用いた積層体を提供することである。
 本発明者らは鋭意検討した結果、特定の物性を有する変性エチレン系重合体を使用した接着性樹脂組成物、および当該接着性樹脂組成物から得られる積層体が、前記課題を解決する優れた効果を奏することを見出し、本発明を完成させた。
 すなわち、本発明の構成は以下の通りである。
[1]グラフト変性量が0.15重量%~0.40重量%の範囲であり、かつ、クロス分別クロマトグラフィー測定における80℃以下での溶出量が10重量%以下である、エチレン系重合体の少なくとも一部が不飽和カルボン酸またはその誘導体でグラフト変性された変性エチレン系重合体。
[2] 前記溶出量が、80℃以下でのo-ジクロロベンゼンへの溶出量である、[1]に記載の変性エチレン系重合体。
[3]前記エチレン系重合体の少なくとも一部が、メタロセン触媒の存在下で重合して得られたものである、[1]または[2]に記載の変性エチレン系重合体。
[4]前記[1] ~[3]に記載の変性エチレン系重合体を含む接着性樹脂組成物。
[5]前記[4]に記載の接着性樹脂組成物からなる接着層、および該接着層の少なくとも片面に設けられた樹脂層を備える積層体。
[6]前記樹脂層が、ポリアミドおよびエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体から選ばれる少なくとも1種からなるものである[5]に記載の積層体。
[7]共押出成形法により製造された[5]または[6]に記載の積層体。
[8]射出成形法により製造された[5]または[6]に記載の積層体。
[9]前記[5]~[8]に記載の積層体を用いたプラスチック燃料タンク用の燃料バルブ。
 本発明の変性エチレン系重合体は、所定のグラフト変性がされてなるとともに、結晶性評価の尺度の1つであるCFC(クロス分別クロマトグラフィー)による溶出量が所定の範囲以下に調整されているので、接着性や機械強度に優れるとともに、良好な燃料バリア性を示す。したがって、かかる変性エチレン系重合体を接着性樹脂組成物に使用して、積層体の接着層を構成すると、ポリエチレンなどとの接着強度が高く、長期の耐久性及び耐衝撃性に優れた積層体が得られる。
 また、本発明の接着性樹脂組成物をタンク周辺部材用積層体に使用すれば、ガソリンタンク部材との接着性が高く、高温のガソリンや軽油と接触しても十分な接着強度を保ち、また長期の耐久性に優れている。このため、本発明に係る積層体は、バルブなどのタンク周辺部材用に好適に用いることが可能である。
実施例におけるポリアミド接着力評価方法を示す概略図である。
 [変性エチレン系重合体]
 本発明の変性エチレン系重合体は、エチレン系重合体が、その一部もしくは全部が不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその誘導体でグラフト変性されたものである。
 不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその誘導体としては、例えば、アクリル酸、マレイン酸、フマール酸、テトラヒドロフタル酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸、クロトン酸、イソクロトン酸、ナジック酸(エンドシス-ビシクロ[2,2,1]ヘプト-5-エン-2,3-ジカルボン酸)などの不飽和カルボン酸;またはその誘導体たとえば酸ハライド、アミド、イミド、無水物、エステルなどが挙げられる。
 かかる誘導体の具体例としては、例えば、塩化マレニル、マレイミド、無水マレイン酸、無水シトラコン酸、マレイン酸モノメチル、マレイン酸ジメチル、グリシジルマレエートなどが挙げられる。
 これらの中では、不飽和カルボン酸またはその酸無水物が好適であり、特にマレイン酸、ナジック酸またはこれらの酸無水物が好ましく用いられる。
 本発明に係る変性エチレン系重合体は、種々公知の方法により得ることができる。具体的な方法としては、エチレン系重合体を有機溶媒に溶解し、次いで得られた溶液に不飽和カルボン酸またはその誘導体及び必要に応じて有機過酸化物などのラジカル開始剤を加え、通常、60~350℃、好ましくは80~190℃の温度で、0.5~15時間、好ましくは1~10時間反応させる方法、あるいは、押出機などを使用して、無溶媒で、エチレン系重合体に不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその誘導体及び必要に応じて有機過酸化物などのラジカル開始剤を加え、通常、エチレン系重合体の融点以上、好ましくは120~350℃の温度で、0.5~10分間反応させる方法などが挙げられる。
 本発明に係る変性エチレン系重合体の元となる変性前のエチレン系重合体は、エチレンの単独重合体あるいはエチレンとα-オレフィンとの共重合体である。エチレンと共重合させるα-オレフィンは、炭素数3以上、好ましくは3~10のα-オレフィンであり、具体的には、プロピレン、1-ブテン、1-ペンテン、1-ヘキセン、1-オクテン、1-デセン、4-メチル-1-ペンテンおよびこれらの2つ以上の組み合わせ等を挙げることができる。α-オレフィンの共重合量は、特に限定はされないが、通常、10モル%以下である。変性前のエチレン系重合体は、得られる変性エチレン系重合体の密度が後述する範囲内にある限り特に限定はされないが、密度が930~980kg/m3の範囲にあること、および、MFRが0.1~50g/10分の範囲にあることが望ましい。
 変性前のエチレン系重合体は、公知のフィリップスタイプ触媒(クロム系)、チーグラータイプ触媒(チタン系)、またはメタロセン系触媒を用いて公知の方法により製造することができる。このうち、メタロセン触媒の存在下で重合して得られたものは、本発明の所定の溶出量を満足するために好適である。
 変性エチレン系重合体は、密度が920~960kg/m3の範囲にあり、ASTM D1238(190℃、2160g荷重)により測定されるメルトフローレート(MFR)が0.1~10g/10分、好ましくは0.1~1.0g/10分の範囲にある。かかる範囲の密度の変性エチレン系重合体を用いることにより耐熱接着性の優れた組成物が得られやすい。また、MFRが上記範囲内あることにより、成形性が良好な組成物が得られる。
 また、変性エチレン系重合体は、ASTM D1238(190℃)による10kg荷重のメルトフローレート(=I10)と2.16kg荷重のメルトフローレート(=I2)の比(=I10/I2)が、I10/I2≦20の範囲にある。
 メルトフローレート、密度およびI10/I2が上記範囲にある場合、ガソリンタンク周辺の多層成形部材用接着性樹脂組成物として十分な機械強度を有し、且つ長期間の低応力に対する耐クラック性に優れ、インジェクション成形性やブロー成形性に優れている。
 変性エチレン系重合体は、好ましくは、変性前のエチレン系重合体に対するグラフトモノマーの重量が0.15~0.40重量%の範囲にあり、好ましくは0.15~0.30重量%の範囲にあり、さらに好ましくは0.15~0.25重量%の範囲にあり、不飽和カルボン酸もしくはその誘導体で一部もしくは全部がグラフト変性されている。グラフトモノマーの重量当量が上記範囲にある場合、ガソリンタンク周辺の多層成形部材用接着性樹脂組成物として、ガスバリア性樹脂に対する十分な接着強度を有し、且つ長期間のガソリン浸漬に対しても接着力を保持することに優れている。
 変性エチレン系重合体は、CFC測定における80℃以下での溶出量、好ましくは80℃以下でのo-ジクロロベンゼンへの溶出量が10重量%以下である。このような溶出量を満足するものは、環境変化による結晶性の変化が小さく、またガソリンなどに対する膨潤も少なく、機械的強度が高い上に、高温時の接着強度も高く、ガスバリア性が長期安定している。その理由は明確ではないものの、エチレン系重合体は均一な結晶性から構成されるものでなく、結晶性分布があり、溶出量が大きいものは、厚い結晶と薄い結晶が混在しており、環境温度の上昇に伴って薄い結晶から結晶性を失い、燃料バリア性を担う結晶成分が減ってしまうため、バリア性が低下すると考察している。
 CFC測定における80℃以下での溶出量は、当業者であれば適宜調整できるが、例えば、密度、組成分布(MFR)およびグラフト量などを調整することで調整可能である。溶出量を10重量%以下にするには、例えば、メタロセン系触媒の存在下で製造された狭い組成分布を有するエチレン系重合体を用いることで調整することが可能である。
 溶出量が多くなると、多層構造体に用いた場合に、ガソリンなどの燃料油に対しての膨潤量が多くなり、機械強度を失い易く、また高温時の接着強度も悪くなるおそれがある。
 変性エチレン系重合体は、JIS K6774に基づく、5.5MPa/80℃温水中での全周ノッチ式クリープ試験による破断までの時間が100hr以上の範囲にある。クリープ試験による破断までの時間が上記範囲にある場合、ポリエチレン製ガソリンタンクの変形に伴いタンク周辺部材に作用する長期低応力によって生じる変性ポリオレフィン中のクラックに関し、高い耐クラック性を有する。
 変性エチレン系重合体は、ポリエチレン製ガソリンタンクと接合するガスバリア樹脂製周辺部材の構成材料に使用される。さらに詳しくは、インジェクション成形、チューブ押出成形、ブロー成形等によって、ガスバリア樹脂と変性エチレン系重合体からなるタンク周辺部材を成形した後、変性エチレン系重合体部を加熱・再溶融することで、変性エチレン系重合体部を介して、タンク周辺部材をポリエチレン製ガソリンタンクに融着して接合される。
 [接着性樹脂組成物]
 本発明の接着性樹脂組成物は、前記変性エチレン系重合体を含む。本発明の接着性樹脂組成物の溶出量は、本発明の変性エチレン系重合体の溶出量と同程度であることが望ましい。
 また本発明の接着性樹脂組成物は、密度が930~980kg/m3の未変性エチレン系重合体を含んでいてもよい。未変性エチレン系重合体を含む場合は、変性エチレン系重合体及び未変性エチレン系重合体の合計量100重量%に対し、未変性エチレン系重合体の量は30重量%以下であることが好ましい。前記未変性エチレン系重合体としては、本発明の接着性樹脂組成物の溶出量を所望の範囲に調整する目的で、メタロセン触媒の存在下で重合された未変性エチレン系重合体を用いることが好ましい。未変性エチレン系重合体を加える場合は、前述の調整方法を同様に適用できる。
 本発明の接着性樹脂組成物には、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、通常用いられる酸化防止剤、耐候安定剤、帯電防止剤、防曇剤、ブロッキング防止剤、滑剤、核剤、顔料等の添加剤或いは他の重合体、ゴムなどを必要に応じて配合することができる。
 本発明の接着性樹脂組成物は、好ましくは、ASTM D 256に準じて-40℃雰囲気下で測定したIzod衝撃強度が10kJ/m2以上、好ましくは12kJ/m2以上である。-40℃雰囲気下におけるIzod衝撃強度がこの範囲にあると、多層構造体に用いた場合に、低温落下衝撃強度が高い。
 本発明の接着性樹脂組成物は、種々公知の方法、例えば、前記変性エチレン系重合体を上記範囲で、ヘンシェルミキサー、タンブラーブレンダー、V-ブレンダー等によりドライブレンドする方法またはドライブレンドした後、単軸押出機、多軸押出機、バンバリーミキサー等により溶融混練する方法、若しくは、溶媒の存在下で攪拌混合することによって調製することができる。
 [積層体]
 本発明の積層体は、前記接着性樹脂組成物から形成される接着層(A)と、当該接着層(A)の少なくとも片面に形成された樹脂層(B)とを有する。また、接着層(A)の他方の面に樹脂層(B)と同一または異なる樹脂層(C)が形成されていてもよい。
 樹脂層(B)は、ガスバリア樹脂から構成される。ここで、ガスバリア樹脂とは、ガソリン透過性がポリオレフィンよりも低い樹脂を指す。具体的には、ポリアミド樹脂、およびエチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合体が挙げられる。
 上記ポリアミド樹脂とは、具体的には、ナイロン6、ナイロン66、ナイロン610、ナイロン11、ナイロン12、MXDナイロン、アモルファスナイロン、テレフタル酸/アジピン酸/ヘキサメチレンジアミン共重合体などが好ましく用いられる。
 また、上記エチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合体としては、エチレン含量が20~50モル%である共重合体が好ましく用いられる。
 樹脂層(C)には、ポリエチレン樹脂などを使用することも可能であり、たとえばエチレンの単独重合体、あるいはエチレンとα-オレフィンとのランダム共重合体である。α-オレフィンの共重合量は、ポリエチレン樹脂の密度が下記範囲内にある限り、特に限定はされないが、通常、10モル%以下が好ましく、5モル%以下がより好ましい。α-オレフィンとしては、炭素数3~10のα-オレフィンが好ましく、具体的には、例えばプロピレン、1-ブテン、1-ヘキセン、4-メチル-1-ペンテン、1-オクテン、1-デセン等を挙げることができる。
 ポリエチレン樹脂のメルトフローレート(MFR)〔ASTM D 1238(温度:190℃、荷重:2160g荷重)〕は、好ましくは0.01~3.0g/10分、より好ましくは0.05~1.5g/10分の範囲であり、密度は、好ましくは0.940~0.980g/cm3 、より好ましくは0.950~0.970g/cm3の範囲にある。このようなポリエチレン樹脂を、樹脂層(C)に使用すると、大型の多層構造体にした場合の衝撃強度が高く、成形性も優れている。
 本発明の積層体を構成する上記層(A)、(B)、(C)には、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲で、充填剤、安定剤、滑剤、帯電防止剤、難燃剤、発泡剤等の自体公知の添加剤を配合することができる。
 本発明の積層体の製造方法は公知の手法を特に制限なく採用することが可能であり、たとえば共押出成形法により行われる。共押出成形法は、特に限定されないが、例えば、複数台の押出機を用いて溶融押出しを行う、共押出し多層ダイス法、フィードブロック法等の公知の共押出成形法を挙げることができる。
 共押出成形に際しての条件についても特に限定されず、層(A)および層(B)を構成する樹脂を溶融温度以上に加熱し、上記の押出機を用いて溶融押出し、所定の温度となるように冷却すればよい。
 本実施形態において、積層体を共押出成形により製造することにより、層(A)と層(B)との接着が強くなる。さらに、共押出成形により製造される積層体は、一工程で製造できるため生産性に優れる。
 また、積層方法はコートハンガーダイ、Tダイ、Iダイ等の口金を取付けた押出機によりフィルムを押出しながら被覆する、いわゆる押出しラミネート方法や、あらかじめ製膜された接着フイルム(A)を用いて、フイルム(A)の軟化温度以上に加熱された樹脂フィルム(B)上にニップロールで熱圧着する方法、金型に接着フイルム(A)もしくは樹脂フィルム(B)を設置した後、前記樹脂層(B)もしくは接着層(A)を構成する樹脂を導入し、加温、冷却工程を経て積層体を得る射出成形等がある。かかる射出成形法も本発明では好適に採用できる。
 本発明の積層体を構成する変性エチレン系重合体は、所定のグラフト変性されてなるとともに、CFC測定における80℃以下での溶出量が所定範囲以下に調整されているので、接着性や機械強度に優れるとともに、良好な燃料バリア性を示す。特に接着力は、接着剤と被着体との分子間相互作用だけでなく、ベース樹脂の機械強度にも由来すると考えられる。変性率が高くなると、分子間相互作用は強くなるが、ベース樹脂の機械強度の根源である結晶の構造の変化が大きく、接着層の機械強度が低下する場合があると推測される。本発明の変性エチレン系重合体におけるグラフトモノマーの重量範囲では、驚くべきことにベース樹脂構造の機械強度が変性率よりも接着強度への寄与が大きい為、変性率が低くても接着強度が相対的に高いと推定される。したがって、かかる変性エチレン系重合体を接着性樹脂組成物に使用して、積層体の接着層を構成すると、接着強度及びガソリンや軽油と接触後の接着強度が高く、長期の耐久性及び耐衝撃性に優れる積層体が得られる。
 ポリマー溶接において、結合する表面は、通常、互いに接触させて、押し合わせることが多い。多くの用途において、異種のポリマーを溶接しようとすると、異種の部材間の接合が乏しくなったり、接合がなされないのが通常である。
 しかしながら、本発明の積層体では、特定の変性エチレン系重合体が積層体の接着層を構成するため、良好な接合が得られる。これらの接合は強いばかりでなく、漏れ(液体および気体)が少なく、良好に封止でき、これらの方法を用いて、特に圧力および/または真空下で液体および/または気体を取り扱うシステムを作ることができる。
 自動車燃料タンク本体は、低コストで物理的な強度のためにポリエチレンであることが多いが、本発明によればポリエチレンと強固に接合が可能である。したがって、本発明の積層体は、燃料バルブ、燃料システムの固定具、燃料パイプ(剛性および可撓性)、燃料計部材、燃料噴射器、燃料ポンプおよびこれらの商品のコンポーネントなど燃料タンク周辺部材に好適に使用でき、特に燃料バルブとして好適である。
 次に、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明はその要旨を越えない限りこれら実施例に何ら制約されるものではない。
 なお、実施例および比較例における物性は以下の測定方法で行った。
 (1)MFR(g/10分)
 ASTM D 1238に準拠し、温度:190℃、2160g荷重で測定した。
 (2)密度(kg/m3
 ASTM D 1505に準拠して測定した。
 (3)80℃以下での溶出量(g)
 クロス分別クロマトグラフィー(CFC)にて測定した。
 80℃以下のo-ジクロロベンゼン可溶成分の割合(重量%)は次の条件でCFC測定を行い求めた。
 装置:クロス分別クロマトグラフ CFC2(Polymer ChAR)、
 検出器(内蔵):赤外分光光度計 IR4(Polymer ChAR)、
 検出波長:3.42μm(2,920cm-1);固定、
 試料濃度:120mg/30mL、注入量:0.5mL、
 降温時間: 1.0℃/min、
 溶出区分: 4.0℃間隔(-20℃~140℃)、
 GPCカラム:Shodex HT-806M×3本(昭和電工社)、
 GPCカラム温度:140℃、GPCカラム較正:単分散ポリスチレン(東ソー社)、
 分子量較正法:汎用較正法(ポリスチレン換算)、
 移動相:o-ジクロロベンゼン(BHT添加)、流量:1.0mL/min。
 (4)フルノッチクリープ
 全周フルノッチクリープ試験は、ISO16770に従って測定した。具体的には、厚さ6mmのプレス成形シートから切出し、試験片の長さを40mmとした。その後、所定の治具を用いて、試験片中央部全周に、深さ1mmの切り込みを入れた。雰囲気は80℃の温水とし、5.0MPaの定荷重を試験片に与え、破断までの時間を測定した。
 (5)燃料浸漬後のポリアミド接着強度(N/10mm)
 燃料浸漬後の接着強度は、積層体の側面から10mm幅でサンプルを切り出し、65℃のFuel-C(イソオクタン/トルエン重量比=50/50)中に200時間浸漬した後、接着層(A)と樹脂層(B)との間の接着強度を室温(23℃)の恒温槽内で測定した。
 実施例中、インジェクション成形機によって接着力評価用サンプルを作製した。具体的には、実施例および比較例の変性エチレン系重合体を200℃でインジェクション成形し、幅12mm・長さ130mm・厚さ3mmの短冊状の樹脂片を得た。その後、上記変性エチレン系重合体製の短冊を、上記で使用した金型とは別の金型にインサートし、変性エチレン系重合体上に280℃でポリアミド樹脂(PA6)を射出した。このようにして、幅12mm・長さ130mm・厚さ6mm(変性エチレン系重合体/ポリアミド=3mm/3mm)の変性エチレン系重合体/ポリアミド接着力評価用試験片を得た。
 上記接着力評価用試験片は、変性エチレン系重合体層を90°方向に剥離し、50mm/minの引張速度で変性エチレン系重合体/ポリアミド樹脂間の接着力を評価した(図1参照)。
 (6)燃料透過係数
 20mLの容積を有するSUS製容器(開放部面積1.26×10-32)に模擬燃料であるFuel-Cを18mL入れて、プレス成形した2mm厚のシート状試験片を容器開放部にセットして密閉することで、試験体とした。該試験体を恒温装置(65℃)に入れ、試験体の重量を測定し、単位時間あたりの重量減少が一定となったところで下記の式により燃料透過係数を求めた。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000001
 [実施例1]
 メタロセン系触媒の存在下で製造された密度=951kg/m3、MFR=0.27g/10分の高密度ポリエチレンを一部用い、無水マレイン酸0.22g/100gを押出機内で溶融グラフト変性した変性エチレン系重合体(MFR=0.27g/10分:密度=951kg/cm3)を用意し、前述の方法により、上記(1)~(6)を評価した。
 [実施例2]
 メタロセン系触媒の存在下で製造された密度=951kg/m3、MFR=0.27g/10分の高密度ポリエチレンを用い、無水マレイン酸0.15g/100gを押出機内で溶融グラフト変性した変性エチレン系重合体(MFR=0.26g/10分:密度=951kg/cm3)を用意し、実施例1と同様に評価した。
 [実施例3]
 メタロセン系触媒の存在下で製造された密度=951kg/m3、MFR=0.27g/10分の高密度ポリエチレンを用い、無水マレイン酸0.30g/100gを押出機内で溶融グラフト変性した変性エチレン系重合体(MFR=0.30g/10分:密度=951kg/cm3)を用意し、実施例1と同様に評価した。
 [比較例1]
 チーグラー系触媒の存在下で製造された密度=951kg/m3、MFR=0.11g/10分の高密度ポリエチレンを用い、無水マレイン酸0.22g/100gを押出機内で溶融グラフト変性した変性エチレン系重合体(MFR=0.12g/10分:密度=951kg/cm3)を用意し、実施例1と同様に評価した。
 [比較例2]
 メタロセン系触媒の存在下で製造された密度=951kg/m3、MFR=0.27g/10分の高密度ポリエチレンを一部用い、無水マレイン酸0.11g/100gを押出機内で溶融グラフト変性した変性エチレン系重合体(MFR=0.25g/10分:密度=951kg/cm3)を用意し、実施例1と同様に評価した。
 [比較例3]
 メタロセン系触媒の存在下で製造された密度=951kg/m3、MFR=0.27g/10分の高密度ポリエチレンを一部用い、無水マレイン酸0.44g/100gを押出機内で溶融グラフト変性した変性エチレン系重合体(MFR=0.32g/10分:密度=951kg/cm3)を用意し、実施例1と同様に評価した。
 結果を表1に示す。
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-T000002
1 変性エチレン系重合体
2 ポリアミド
3 ローラー

Claims (9)

  1.  グラフト変性量が0.15重量%~0.40重量%の範囲であり、かつ、クロス分別クロマトグラフィー測定における80℃以下での溶出量が10重量%以下である、エチレン系重合体の少なくとも一部が不飽和カルボン酸またはその誘導体でグラフト変性された変性エチレン系重合体。
  2.  前記溶出量が、80℃以下でのo-ジクロロベンゼンへの溶出量である、請求項1に記載の変性エチレン系重合体。
  3.  前記エチレン系重合体の少なくとも一部が、メタロセン触媒の存在下で重合して得られたものである、請求項1または2に記載の変性エチレン系重合体。
  4.  請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の変性エチレン系重合体を含む接着性樹脂組成物。
  5.  請求項4に記載の接着性樹脂組成物からなる接着層、および該接着層の少なくとも片面に設けられた樹脂層を備える積層体。
  6.  前記樹脂層が、ポリアミドおよびエチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体から選ばれる少なくとも1種からなるものである請求項5に記載の積層体。
  7.  共押出成形法により製造された請求項5または6に記載の積層体。
  8.  射出成形法により製造された請求項4または5に記載の積層体。
  9.  請求項5~8のいずれか1項に記載の積層体を用いたプラスチック燃料タンク用の燃料バルブ。
PCT/JP2015/082357 2014-11-18 2015-11-18 変性エチレン系重合体、接着性樹脂組成物、積層体、その用途 WO2016080425A1 (ja)

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EP15861386.9A EP3222638B1 (en) 2014-11-18 2015-11-18 Modified ethylenic polymer, adhesive resin composition, laminate, and use of same
JP2016560255A JP6644704B2 (ja) 2014-11-18 2015-11-18 変性エチレン系重合体、接着性樹脂組成物、積層体、その用途
ES15861386T ES2821825T3 (es) 2014-11-18 2015-11-18 Polímero etilénico modificado, composición de resina adhesiva, laminado, y uso de los mismos
US15/523,520 US20170321092A1 (en) 2014-11-18 2015-11-18 Modified ethylene polymer, adhesive resin composition, laminate, and use thereof
CN201580062369.8A CN107108784B (zh) 2014-11-18 2015-11-18 改性乙烯系聚合物、粘接性树脂组合物、叠层体及其用途

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EP3222638A1 (en) 2017-09-27
EP3222638A4 (en) 2018-06-20
CN107108784B (zh) 2021-01-15
CN107108784A (zh) 2017-08-29
EP3222638B1 (en) 2020-09-02
JP6644704B2 (ja) 2020-02-12
JPWO2016080425A1 (ja) 2017-09-28
ES2821825T3 (es) 2021-04-27
US20170321092A1 (en) 2017-11-09

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