WO2016078045A1 - 控制装置、天线和抵抗天线晃动的方法 - Google Patents

控制装置、天线和抵抗天线晃动的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016078045A1
WO2016078045A1 PCT/CN2014/091715 CN2014091715W WO2016078045A1 WO 2016078045 A1 WO2016078045 A1 WO 2016078045A1 CN 2014091715 W CN2014091715 W CN 2014091715W WO 2016078045 A1 WO2016078045 A1 WO 2016078045A1
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Prior art keywords
antenna
angle
axis
reflecting surface
controlling
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PCT/CN2014/091715
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
樊建成
王伟
缑城
张明旭
柯有和
张志伟
李琼
许少峰
王勇
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201480028343.7A priority Critical patent/CN105830277B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2014/091715 priority patent/WO2016078045A1/zh
Publication of WO2016078045A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016078045A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to a control device, an antenna, and a method for resisting antenna shaking.
  • the basic function of the antenna is to transform the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the feeder into electromagnetic waves propagating in free space, or to perform the opposite transformation.
  • a wide variety of antennas for example, Cassegrain antennas, due to their compact structure and high communication efficiency, are widely used in base stations.
  • the antenna such as the Cassegrain antenna is installed in a simple iron tower, a pull tower, or a street light pole, the shaking of the antenna will be very obvious under the action of the wind.
  • the ordinary 3 to 5 winds, or the influence of ground vibration, will shake. It can reach more than 2.5 degrees, which affects the normal use of the antenna.
  • One method for solving antenna sway in the prior art is to add a two-dimensional mechanical motor adjustment system (commonly known as a pan/tilt) to the entire antenna.
  • a two-dimensional mechanical motor adjustment system commonly known as a pan/tilt
  • the problem with this method is that the motor adjustment system has a complicated structure and high cost, and the entire cloud is adjusted when the antenna is adjusted.
  • the stage will rotate as the position of the reflecting surface of the antenna changes, and the required driving power is large.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a control device, an antenna, and a method for resisting antenna sway.
  • the control device has a simple structure and a small driving power.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a control apparatus, including:
  • An obtaining module configured to obtain a direction parameter of the antenna shaking; the direction parameter is used to indicate a direction in which the antenna is shaken and an angle of antenna shaking;
  • control module configured to control a reflection surface of the antenna to move according to an angle of the antenna sway and an angle of antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter, so that a beam of the antenna points in a direction of shaking the antenna Deviate in the opposite direction.
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • the secondary reflecting surface of the antenna is controlled to be deflected by a predetermined angle in a direction in which the antenna is shaken, wherein the predetermined angle is determined by an angle at which the antenna is shaken.
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • the secondary reflective surface of the antenna is controlled to be offset from the preset displacement by a direction in which the antenna is shaken, wherein the predetermined displacement is determined by an angle at which the antenna is shaken.
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • the direction of the antenna shaking is a direction of clockwise rotation about the X axis
  • controlling the secondary reflecting surface to deflect the preset angle by a clockwise direction about the X axis through a center point of the secondary reflecting surface
  • the secondary reflection surface is controlled to be deflected clockwise by the center point of the secondary reflection surface about the Y axis by the predetermined angle.
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • the direction of the antenna sway is deflected by a second predetermined angle; the intersection of the two axes is a center point of the secondary reflecting surface; wherein the first predetermined angle and the second predetermined angle are swayed by the antenna The angle is determined.
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • the secondary reflective surface is controlled to be offset from the X axis by the preset displacement
  • the secondary reflective surface is controlled to be offset from the predetermined displacement along the Y axis.
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • Controlling in a plane of two planes orthogonal to each other, offsetting the first preset displacement in a direction of the antenna sway in one of two planes orthogonal to each other, and in another plane of the two planes orthogonal to each other
  • the direction of the antenna shaking is offset by a second preset displacement; wherein the first preset displacement and the second preset displacement are determined by an angle of the antenna shaking.
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a control apparatus, including:
  • An obtaining module configured to obtain a direction parameter of the antenna shaking; the direction parameter is used to indicate a direction in which the antenna is shaken and an angle of antenna shaking;
  • control module configured to control a lens placed on a side of the antenna transmit beam to move according to the direction of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter and an angle of the antenna sway, so that the beam of the antenna is pointed toward the antenna The direction of the deflection is reversed.
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • the lens is controlled to be offset from the predetermined displacement by a direction parallel to the antenna port surface in a direction in which the antenna is shaken.
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • the lens is controlled to be offset by the preset displacement along the Y axis.
  • control module is specifically configured to:
  • the lens includes:
  • Flat-bottomed cylindrical lens pan-shaped lens, concave cylindrical lens or concave pot-shaped lens.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, including:
  • a control device according to any of the preceding aspects, and a reflecting surface of the antenna.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, including:
  • control device according to any of the second aspects, wherein the lens and the reflecting surface of the antenna.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for resisting antenna shaking, including:
  • the direction parameter is used to indicate a direction in which the antenna is shaken and an angle of antenna shaking;
  • the reflecting surface of the antenna is controlled to move according to the direction of the antenna sway and the angle of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter, so that the beam of the antenna is deflected in a direction opposite to a direction in which the antenna is swayed.
  • the controlling a reflective surface of the antenna is moved according to the direction of the antenna sway and the angle of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter, include:
  • the secondary reflecting surface of the antenna is controlled to be deflected by a predetermined angle in a direction in which the antenna is shaken, wherein the predetermined angle is determined by an angle at which the antenna is shaken.
  • the controlling a reflective surface of the antenna is moved according to the direction of the antenna sway and the angle of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter, include:
  • the secondary reflective surface of the antenna is controlled to be offset from the preset displacement by a direction in which the antenna is shaken, wherein the predetermined displacement is determined by an angle at which the antenna is shaken.
  • the controlling a reflective surface of the antenna is moved according to the direction of the antenna sway and the angle of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter, include:
  • the sub-reflecting surface of the antenna is controlled to be deflected by a preset angle in a direction of the antenna sway, specifically include:
  • the controlling the sub-reflecting surface about any axis parallel to the mouth surface of the main reflecting surface of the antenna Deviating the preset angle in a direction in which the antenna is shaken including:
  • Controlling the secondary reflection when the direction in which the antenna is swayed is a direction that rotates clockwise about the X axis
  • the surface is deflected clockwise by the center point of the secondary reflecting surface about the X axis;
  • the secondary reflection surface is controlled to be deflected clockwise by the center point of the secondary reflection surface about the Y axis by the predetermined angle.
  • the controlling a direction in which the sub-reflecting surface of the antenna is swaying toward the antenna Deflecting the preset angle specifically including:
  • the direction of the antenna sway is deflected by a second predetermined angle; the intersection of the two axes is a center point of the secondary reflecting surface; wherein the first predetermined angle and the second predetermined angle are swayed by the antenna The angle is determined.
  • the controlling a sub-reflecting surface of the antenna is offset from a preset displacement by a direction of the antenna swaying, Specifically include:
  • the controlling the secondary reflective surface in a plane parallel to a surface of the main reflective surface of the antenna Deviating the predetermined displacement in the direction along an axis of a center point of the secondary reflecting surface including:
  • the secondary reflective surface is controlled to be offset from the X axis by the preset displacement
  • the secondary reflective surface is controlled to be offset from the predetermined displacement along the Y axis.
  • the controlling a direction in which the sub-reflecting surface of the antenna is swaying toward the antenna Offset preset displacement including:
  • Controlling in a plane of two planes orthogonal to each other, offsetting the first preset displacement in a direction of the antenna sway in one of two planes orthogonal to each other, and in another plane of the two planes orthogonal to each other
  • the direction of the antenna shaking is offset by a second preset displacement; wherein the first preset displacement and the second preset position The angle at which the antenna is shaken is determined.
  • the controlling the main reflective surface of the antenna to deflect in a direction opposite to a direction in which the antenna is swayed is preset Angle, specifically including:
  • the controlling the opposite direction of the main reflective surface of the antenna toward the antenna The direction is deflected by a preset angle, which specifically includes:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for resisting antenna sway, including:
  • the direction parameter is used to indicate a direction in which the antenna is shaken and an angle of antenna shaking;
  • the lens placed on one side of the antenna transmit beam moves according to the direction of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter and the angle of the antenna sway, so that the beam of the antenna points in the opposite direction to the direction in which the antenna sways deflection.
  • the controlling a lens placed on a side of the antenna transmit beam is moved according to the direction of the antenna sway and the angle of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter ,include:
  • controlling the lens to shift the preset displacement to the direction of the antenna swaying includes:
  • the lens is controlled to be offset from the predetermined displacement by a direction parallel to the antenna port surface in a direction in which the antenna is shaken.
  • Controlling the lens to offset the predetermined displacement in a direction parallel to the antenna port surface along an axis parallel to the antenna port surface including:
  • the lens is controlled to be offset by the preset displacement along the Y axis.
  • controlling the lens to be offset from the preset direction by the direction of the antenna swaying comprises:
  • the direction of the antenna shaking is offset by a second preset displacement, wherein the first preset displacement and the second preset displacement are determined by an angle of the antenna shaking.
  • the lens includes:
  • Flat-bottomed cylindrical lens pan-shaped lens, concave cylindrical lens or concave pot-shaped lens.
  • the control device, the antenna, and the method for resisting antenna shaking are configured to obtain a direction parameter of the antenna sway; and the reflective surface of the control antenna is moved according to the direction of the antenna sway and the angle of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter; Or placing a lens in front of the antenna port, controlling the lens to move according to the direction of the antenna sway and the angle of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter, so that the direction of the antenna beam is deflected in the opposite direction of the antenna sway direction Compensates for antenna pattern sway caused by antenna sway.
  • the control device provided by the embodiment of the invention has a simple structure, small driving power, and can effectively resist antenna shaking.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a Cassegrain antenna
  • Embodiment 1 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for resisting antenna shaking according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram 1 of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 2 of the method for resisting antenna sway in the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the simulation result of the antenna adjustment shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a second schematic diagram of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 2 of the method for resisting antenna sway in the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a third schematic diagram of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 2 of the method for resisting antenna sway in the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the simulation result of the antenna adjustment shown in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram 4 of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 2 of the method for resisting antenna swaying according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram 1 of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 3 of the method for resisting antenna shaking according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the simulation result of the antenna adjustment shown in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a side view of an antenna structure of an embodiment of a method for resisting antenna sway in the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 is a flowchart of Embodiment 4 of a method for resisting antenna shaking according to the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram 1 of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 5 of the method for resisting antenna sway in the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a second schematic diagram of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 5 of the method for resisting antenna shaking according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a third schematic diagram of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 5 of the method for resisting antenna shaking according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a fourth schematic diagram of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 5 of the method for resisting antenna sway in the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a first schematic structural view of an embodiment of a control device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a second schematic structural view of an embodiment of a control device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a first schematic structural view of an embodiment of an antenna according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a second schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an antenna according to the present invention.
  • the technical solution of the present invention can be applied to various antennas, such as a double-reflecting surface antenna, a planar antenna, etc., and the following is an example of a Cassegrain antenna having a double reflecting surface.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a Cassegrain antenna.
  • the Cassegrain antenna is composed of three parts, that is, a main reflecting surface, a sub-reflecting surface, and a feed.
  • the main reflecting surface is a rotating paraboloid
  • the secondary reflecting surface is a rotating hyperboloid.
  • a focus of the hyperboloid coincides with the focus of the paraboloid (The focus is shown as F2 in Figure 1.)
  • the hyperbolic focal axis coincides with the focal axis of the paraboloid, while the feed is at the other focal point of the hyperboloid (the focus is shown as F1 in Figure 1).
  • the Cassegrain antenna is a reflection of the electromagnetic wave emitted by the secondary reflection surface facing the feed source, and the electromagnetic wave is reflected on the main reflection surface, and then reflected by the main reflection surface to obtain a plane wave beam of a corresponding direction to realize directional emission.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a method for resisting antenna shaking according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the method in this embodiment includes:
  • Step 201 Obtain a direction parameter of antenna shaking; the direction parameter is used to indicate a direction in which the antenna is shaken and an angle of antenna shaking.
  • Step 202 Control a reflection surface of the antenna to move according to the direction of the antenna shaking indicated by the direction parameter and an angle of antenna shaking, so that a beam of the antenna points in a direction opposite to a direction in which the antenna is shaken. deflection.
  • the direction parameter of the antenna sway is first obtained, and the direction parameter is used to indicate the direction of the antenna sway and the angle of the antenna sway, and the direction parameter of the antenna sway can be obtained by placing the gyro and the acceleration on the antenna.
  • the direction and angle of the antenna sway or detecting the direction parameter of the antenna sway by a software method; controlling the reflection surface of the antenna to move according to the direction and angle of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter, so that The pointing of the antenna beam is deflected in the opposite direction of the direction in which the antenna is swaying, and compensates for the antenna pattern sway caused by the antenna sway, wherein the reflecting surface includes a main reflecting surface and a sub-reflecting surface.
  • the direction parameter of the antenna sway is obtained, and the reflection surface of the antenna is controlled to move according to the direction and angle of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter, so that the antenna beam is made during the swaying process of the antenna.
  • the deflection in the opposite direction to the direction in which the antenna is swaying compensates for the antenna pattern sway caused by the antenna sway, and the structure is simple, which solves the problem of complicated adjustment structure in the prior art.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an antenna adjustment according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in accordance with the first embodiment, in the embodiment, the reflective surface of the antenna is controlled according to the direction parameter.
  • the direction in which the antenna is shaken and the angle at which the antenna is shaken are moved, and at least the following two implementations are implemented:
  • the secondary reflective surface of the antenna is controlled to be offset from the preset displacement by a direction in which the antenna is shaken, wherein the predetermined displacement is determined by an angle at which the antenna is shaken.
  • the direction parameter of the antenna shaking is obtained, and the direction and angle of the antenna shaking may be obtained by placing the gyroscope and the accelerometer on the antenna pole (or the equipment fixed on the pole) or by using a software method. Detecting the direction parameter of the antenna sway; controlling the secondary reflection surface of the antenna to deflect the preset angle or offset the preset displacement in the direction, so that the direction of the antenna beam is deflected in the opposite direction of the antenna sway direction, and the antenna caused by the antenna sway is compensated
  • the pattern is shaken, in particular, the vice-reflecting surface of the antenna driven by a voice coil motor (VCM) or a stepper motor can be deflected or offset in the direction.
  • VCM voice coil motor
  • a stepper motor can be deflected or offset in the direction.
  • the preset angle is determined by the angle of the antenna swaying, and may be obtained by a correspondence between a preset angle preset according to an empirical value and an angle of the antenna swaying, or may be adaptively obtained by the antenna itself according to the change of the direction parameter.
  • the preset displacement is determined by the angle of the antenna sway, and may be obtained by a correspondence between a preset displacement preset according to an empirical value and an angle of the antenna sway, or by the antenna itself according to the change of the direction parameter.
  • a gyroscope and an accelerometer may be placed on the sub-reflecting surface, or an angle detecting or displacement detecting device may be placed on the sub-reflecting surface, and the sub-reflecting surface may be detected at the sub-reflecting surface during the deflection or offset of the sub-reflecting surface.
  • the sub-reflecting surface of the antenna is deflected by a predetermined angle in a direction in which the antenna is shaken, and specifically includes:
  • the secondary reflecting surface is rotated by O2, and in FIG. 3, O1 is the center point of the feeding phase, and O2 is the symmetric center point of the geometry of the secondary reflecting surface or the center point of the concave bottom.
  • O3 is the focus of the main reflection surface and the sub-reflection surface, and is rotated by the VCM or the stepping motor with a line parallel to the Y-axis through the rotation fulcrum, as shown by the deflection ⁇ 1 in FIG. The deflection of the reflective surface is deflected in the opposite direction.
  • the main reflecting surface refers to the plane where the main reflecting surface is located.
  • controlling the secondary reflective surface to deflect the predetermined angle in a direction parallel to the antenna sway of the antenna about any axis parallel to the surface of the main reflective surface of the antenna including:
  • the direction of the antenna shaking is a direction of clockwise rotation about the X axis
  • controlling the secondary reflecting surface to deflect the preset angle by a clockwise direction about the X axis through a center point of the secondary reflecting surface
  • the secondary reflection surface is controlled to be deflected clockwise by the center point of the secondary reflection surface about the Y axis by the predetermined angle.
  • Table 1 is a table showing the data correspondence relationship of the antenna adjustment simulation results
  • FIG. 4 is a sub-reflection surface at the center point thereof, and the center point is parallel to the Y-axis.
  • the line is simulated by the rotation of the shaft.
  • the main reflection surface has a diameter of 1.2 m
  • the sub-reflection surface has a diameter of 0.3 m
  • the operating frequency is 6 GHz.
  • Table 1 shows the simulation results when the sub-reflection surface rotation angle is different.
  • the first column is the sub-reflecting surface rotation angle
  • the second column is the deflection angle of the antenna beam
  • the third column is the actual gain of the antenna
  • the fourth column is the gain loss of the antenna.
  • Corresponding relationship between the rotation angle of the sub-reflecting surface and the deflection angle of the antenna beam, and the deflection angle of the antenna beam is used to compensate the angle of the antenna sway, which is the corresponding relationship between the rotation angle of the sub-reflecting surface and the angle of the antenna sway. It can be seen from Table 1 that if the initial value of the rotation angle of the secondary reflecting surface is 2°, corresponding The beam deflection angle is 0.7°, and the direction is opposite to the direction in which the secondary reflection surface rotates. Then, as the rotation angle of the secondary reflection surface increases by an integral multiple, the corresponding beam deflection angle also increases by an integral multiple.
  • the advantage of the secondary reflecting surface rotation scheme of this embodiment is that the antenna gain loss is small, and the gain loss is only 0.85 dB when the pointing deflection is 2.8°.
  • FIG. 5 is a second schematic diagram of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 2 of the method for resisting antenna sway in the present invention.
  • controlling the sub-reflecting surface of the antenna to be deflected by a predetermined angle in a direction in which the antenna is swaying comprises:
  • the direction of the antenna sway is deflected by a second predetermined angle; the intersection of the two axes is a center point of the secondary reflecting surface; wherein the first predetermined angle and the second predetermined angle are swayed by the antenna The angle is determined.
  • the antenna swings in the opposite direction of the antenna sway to compensate for the antenna pattern sway caused by the antenna sway, which can compensate for the antenna sway in any direction.
  • the secondary reflector surface can be deflected by using two VCMs or a stepping motor. As shown in FIG.
  • the first predetermined angle ⁇ 1 and the second predetermined angle ⁇ 2 may be deflected in the direction around the X-axis and the Y-axis passing through the center point of the secondary reflecting surface, respectively, the first preset
  • the angle ⁇ 1 and the second predetermined angle ⁇ 2 are determined by the angle of the antenna sway, and may be determined according to an empirical value or adaptively determined by the antenna itself according to a change in the directional parameter.
  • FIG. 6 is a third schematic diagram of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 2 of the method for resisting antenna sway in the present invention.
  • the sub-reflecting surface of the antenna is offset from the preset displacement by the direction of the antenna swaying, and specifically includes:
  • the sub-reflection of the antenna driven by a VCM or a stepping motor is offset from the preset displacement by the direction of the antenna sway, so that the beam of the antenna can be swung in the opposite direction of the antenna sway to compensate for the antenna pattern sway caused by the antenna sway.
  • controlling the secondary reflecting surface is offset in the direction of the center point of the secondary reflecting surface in a plane parallel to the main reflecting surface of the antenna, and shifting the preset in the direction Displacement, including:
  • the secondary reflective surface is controlled to be offset from the X axis by the preset displacement
  • the secondary reflective surface is controlled to be offset from the predetermined displacement along the Y axis.
  • the VCM or the stepping motor drives the sub-reflecting surface to be offset in-plane by the center point parallel to the main reflecting surface, as shown by the X-axis in the figure.
  • the direction offset is preset to the displacement L1
  • the antenna pointing is deflected in the opposite direction of the offset of the secondary reflecting surface, wherein the preset displacement L1 is determined by the angle of the antenna shaking, which may be determined according to an empirical value or according to the direction of the antenna itself.
  • the change in the parameters is adaptively determined.
  • Table 2 is a table of the data correspondence relationship of the antenna adjustment simulation result.
  • the secondary reflection surface is at the center point thereof, and the center point is parallel to the main reflection surface.
  • the in-plane X-axis offset is simulated as an example.
  • the main reflection surface has a diameter of 1.2 m
  • the sub-reflection surface has a diameter of 0.3 m
  • the operating frequency is 6 GHz.
  • Table 2 shows the simulation results when the offset displacement is different.
  • the first column is the displacement of the secondary reflection surface offset
  • the second column is the deflection angle of the antenna beam
  • the third column is the actual gain of the antenna
  • the fourth column is the gain loss of the antenna.
  • the deflection angle of the antenna beam is used to compensate the angle of the antenna sloshing, that is, some of the secondary reflections are given.
  • the corresponding relationship between the displacement of the surface offset and the angle of the antenna sway as can be seen from Table 2, if the initial displacement of the secondary reflection surface is 10 mm, the corresponding beam deflection angle is 0.5°, and the direction is offset from the secondary reflection surface. The direction is reversed, and as the displacement of the secondary reflecting surface shift increases by an integral multiple, the corresponding beam deflection angle also increases by an integral multiple. .
  • the antenna offset displacement when the antenna offset displacement is small, the gain loss is small, and when the antenna offset displacement is large, such as when the offset is 50 mm, the antenna gain loss is large, and the antenna beam is at this time.
  • the deflection angle is -2.7° and the gain loss is 2.58 dB.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram 4 of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 2 of the method for resisting antenna shaking according to the present invention.
  • controlling the secondary reflective surface of the antenna to be offset from the preset displacement by the direction of the antenna swaying includes:
  • Controlling in a plane of two planes orthogonal to each other, offsetting the first preset displacement in a direction of the antenna sway in one of two planes orthogonal to each other, and in another plane of the two planes orthogonal to each other
  • the direction of the antenna shaking is offset by a second preset displacement; wherein the first preset displacement and the second preset displacement are determined by an angle of the antenna shaking.
  • the secondary reflecting surface of the control antenna is offset back and forth in two orthogonal dimension planes, so that the beam direction of the antenna is deflected in the opposite direction of the offset of the secondary reflecting surface, so that the beam of the antenna is directed to the opposite side of the antenna shaking.
  • the secondary reflecting surface passes through the X-axis, Y-axis linear motor at its center point, and passes through the plane in which the center point is parallel to the surface of the main reflecting surface and perpendicular to the plane of the main reflecting surface.
  • the internal offset if offset by the X-axis and Y-axis directions in the figure, is offset by the preset displacements L1 and L2, respectively, and the antenna pointing is deflected in the opposite direction to the offset of the secondary reflecting surface, wherein the preset displacements L1, L2 are The angle at which the antenna is shaken is determined.
  • the antenna when the antenna is swaying, the direction and angle of the sway are obtained, and the secondary reflecting surface of the antenna is controlled to move in the direction, so that the pointing of the antenna beam is deflected in the opposite direction of the antenna swaying direction, and the antenna is compensated.
  • the antenna pattern caused by the shaking is shaken, and the structure is simple, which solves the problem that the adjustment structure is complicated in the prior art.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an antenna adjustment according to a third embodiment of the method for resisting antenna sway of the present invention.
  • the reflective surface of the antenna is controlled according to the direction parameter. The direction in which the antenna is shaken and the angle at which the antenna is shaken are moved, including:
  • the direction of the antenna shaking and the angle of the antenna shaking are first obtained, and specifically, the gyroscope and the accelerometer are respectively placed on the main reflecting surface and the pole (or the device fixed on the pole), or respectively
  • the angle detector is used to obtain the direction and angle of the antenna shaking, and the direction of the antenna shaking and the angle of the antenna shaking can also be detected by a software method; the main reflecting surface of the antenna is controlled to be deflected by a predetermined angle in a direction opposite to the direction in which the antenna is shaken.
  • the preset angle is determined by the angle of the antenna swaying, and may be obtained by a correspondence between a preset angle preset according to an empirical value and an angle of the antenna swaying, or may be adaptively obtained by the antenna itself according to the change of the direction parameter. of.
  • the gyroscope and the accelerometer are respectively placed on the main reflecting surface and the antenna pole, and the direction and angle of the antenna shaking are detected at the antenna pole.
  • the main reflecting surface deflection can be detected at the main reflecting surface.
  • the direction and angle of the antenna beam are kept unchanged, so that the direction of the antenna beam is consistent with the direction before the antenna is shaken.
  • controlling the main reflective surface of the antenna to be deflected by a predetermined angle in a direction opposite to a direction in which the antenna is swaying comprises:
  • the main reflection surface of the antenna can be driven by a VCM or a stepping motor to deflect the preset angle ⁇ (according to the angle of the antenna shake adaptation) on the elevation plane.
  • the antenna beam rotates in the opposite direction of the antenna sway, wherein the preset angle ⁇ is determined by the angle at which the antenna sways.
  • the main reflecting surface is rotated by O4 (the axis perpendicular to the plane of the main reflecting surface in FIG. 9), and the main reflecting surface is rotated by the motor, and the antenna is pointed at the main reflecting surface. Deflection in the same direction.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the simulation results of the antenna adjustment shown in FIG. 9.
  • Table 3 is a table showing the data correspondence relationship of the antenna adjustment simulation results.
  • the rotation of the rotation axis is taken as an example, and the diameter of the main reflection surface is 260 mm, and the diameter of the secondary reflection surface is The 25mm antenna is simulated and analyzed, and the working frequency is 78.5GHz.
  • the main reflection surface has a rotation angle of 3.6°.
  • Table 3 shows the simulation results when the rotation angle of the main reflection surface is different.
  • the first column is the working frequency point
  • the second column is the rotation angle of the main reflection surface
  • the third column is the deflection angle of the antenna beam
  • the fourth column is the actual gain of the antenna
  • the fifth column is the gain loss of the antenna.
  • the deflection angle of the antenna beam is 3°.
  • the advantage of the main reflection surface rotation scheme of this embodiment is that the antenna gain loss is small.
  • the deflection angle of the antenna beam is 3°, the gain loss is only 0.82 dB; the beam direction of the antenna is consistent with the direction of deflection of the main reflection surface.
  • the antenna beam deflection angle is used to compensate for the angle at which the antenna is shaken.
  • controlling the main reflective surface of the antenna to be deflected by a predetermined angle in a direction opposite to a direction in which the antenna is swaying comprises:
  • the antenna beam is swung in the opposite direction of the antenna sway to compensate for the antenna pattern sway caused by the antenna sway, and the antenna sway can be compensated in any direction.
  • the main reflection surface can be deflected by using two VCMs or a stepping motor.
  • the angle and the second preset angle are determined by the angle of the antenna sway, and may be determined according to an empirical value or adaptively determined by the antenna itself according to the change of the direction parameter.
  • FIG. 11 is a side view of an antenna structure of an embodiment of a method for resisting antenna sway in the present invention.
  • a pseudo main surface 20 is added behind the main reflecting surface, and the pseudo main surface 20 and its surrounding edge 21 and the radome 22 constitute a protective cover. Play to withstand the wind load.
  • Fig. 11, 23 is a feed source, and 24 is a main reflection surface.
  • the main reflective surface feed maintains the existing compact form
  • the feeder line is decoupled from the main surface
  • the main reflection surface does not affect each other, and the feeding efficiency is high.
  • the antenna when the antenna is swaying, the direction and angle of the antenna sway are obtained, and the main reflection surface of the antenna is controlled to move in the opposite direction of the direction to deflect the direction of the antenna beam in the opposite direction of the antenna sway.
  • the antenna pattern sway caused by the antenna sway is compensated, and the structure is simple, which solves the problem that the adjustment structure is complicated in the prior art.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of Embodiment 4 of a method for resisting antenna shaking according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the method in this embodiment includes:
  • Step 1201 Obtain a direction parameter of antenna shaking; the direction parameter is used to indicate a direction in which the antenna is shaken and an angle of antenna shaking;
  • Step 1202 Control a lens placed on one side of the antenna transmit beam to move according to the direction of the antenna sway and the angle of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter, so that the beam of the antenna is directed to the direction of the antenna sway The opposite direction is deflected.
  • the lens comprises:
  • Flat-bottomed cylindrical lens pan-shaped lens, concave cylindrical lens or concave pot-shaped lens.
  • the lens is placed on one side of the antenna transmitting beam, and the lens is moved by a VCM or a stepping motor in a plane parallel to the antenna port surface, thereby changing the beam pointing of the antenna to compensate for the change of the pattern caused by the antenna shaking. .
  • the direction and angle of antenna sway can be detected at the antenna by the gyroscope and accelerometer placed on the antenna.
  • the direction and angle of the antenna sway can be detected by software, and the offset displacement and frequency of the lens can be adjusted adaptively. Quickly compensate for beam deflection caused by antenna sloshing and quickly correct beam pointing.
  • the initial position of the placement lens may be determined according to a distance between the lens and the antenna port surface, for example, may be an optimal distance from the antenna mouth surface obtained by simulation, and the lens is placed at the initial position. .
  • the antenna mouth refers to the plane of the aperture of the reflection surface of the antenna.
  • the antenna beam is The deflection in the opposite direction to the direction in which the antenna is swaying realizes the antenna pattern sway caused by the antenna sway during the swaying of the antenna, and has a simple structure, and solves the problem that the adjustment structure is complicated in the prior art.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 5 of the method for resisting antenna sway of the present invention.
  • the lens placed on the side of the antenna of the antenna is controlled according to the direction parameter.
  • the indicated direction of the antenna sway and the angle of the antenna sway are moved, including:
  • the lens is driven by a VCM or a stepping motor to offset the preset displacement of the antenna in the direction of the antenna sway, so that the beam direction of the antenna can be oscillated in the opposite direction of the antenna sway, thereby compensating for the antenna pattern sway caused by the antenna sway.
  • the preset displacement is determined by the angle of the antenna sway, and may be obtained by a correspondence between a preset displacement preset according to an empirical value and an angle of the antenna sway, or by a change of the antenna according to the direction of the antenna itself. Adaptively derived.
  • controlling the lens to shift the preset displacement in a direction in which the antenna is swaying comprises:
  • the lens is controlled to be offset from the predetermined displacement by a direction parallel to the antenna port surface in a direction in which the antenna is shaken.
  • controlling the lens to offset the preset displacement in a direction parallel to the antenna port surface along an axis parallel to the antenna port surface includes:
  • the lens is controlled to be offset by the preset displacement along the Y axis.
  • a flat-bottom cylindrical lens is driven by a VCM or a stepping motor, and is offset in a plane parallel to the antenna port surface, as shown by the X-axis direction in the figure. Offset (in the direction indicated by the arrow), the antenna is deflected in the opposite direction of the offset of the flat-bottomed cylindrical lens.
  • Table 4 is a table showing the data correspondence relationship of the antenna adjustment simulation results, and the simulation is performed by taking the flat-bottom cylindrical lens along the X-axis offset as an example.
  • the first column is the offset displacement of the lens
  • the second column is the distance between the lens and the antenna port surface
  • the third column is the actual gain of the antenna
  • the fourth column is the deflection angle of the antenna beam.
  • the first row in Table 4 shows the simulation results without the lens placed.
  • FIG. 14 is a second schematic diagram of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 5 of the method for resisting antenna sway in the present invention.
  • the concave cylindrical lens is placed in front of the antenna, the concave cylindrical lens is driven by a VCM or a stepping motor, and the concave cylindrical lens is moved left and right to change the antenna.
  • the beam direction is adjusted to compensate for the change of the direction caused by the antenna sway.
  • Table 5 shows the data correspondence between the antenna adjustment simulation results.
  • the first column is the offset displacement of the lens
  • the second column is the distance between the lens and the antenna port surface
  • the third column is the actual gain of the antenna
  • the fourth column is the deflection angle of the antenna beam.
  • FIG. 15 is a third schematic diagram of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 5 of the method for resisting antenna sway in the present invention.
  • controlling the secondary reflective surface of the antenna to be offset from the preset displacement by the direction of the antenna swaying includes:
  • the direction of the antenna shaking is offset by a second preset displacement; wherein the first preset displacement and the second preset displacement are determined by an angle of the antenna shaking.
  • a pan-shaped lens is taken as an example, placed in front of the antenna, and the pan-shaped lens is driven by a VCM or a stepping motor, and the pan is moved up and down in any orthogonal two-dimensional direction.
  • the lens lens can change the beam direction of the antenna to compensate for the change of the direction caused by the antenna sway.
  • Table 6 shows the data correspondence between the antenna adjustment simulation results.
  • the first column is the offset displacement of the lens
  • the second column is the distance between the lens and the antenna port surface
  • the third column is the actual gain of the antenna
  • the fourth column is the deflection angle of the antenna beam.
  • FIG. 16 is a fourth schematic diagram of antenna adjustment according to Embodiment 5 of the method for resisting antenna sway in the present invention.
  • a concave pot-shaped lens is taken as an example, and placed in front of the antenna, and the concave pot-shaped lens is driven by a VCM or a stepping motor to move the concave pot-shaped lens in any orthogonal two-dimensional direction as above and below, that is, The beam pointing of the antenna can be changed to compensate for the change of the direction caused by the antenna sway.
  • the simulation results are shown in Table 7 below. Table 7 shows the data correspondence of the antenna adjustment simulation results.
  • the first column is the offset displacement of the lens
  • the second column is the distance between the lens and the antenna port surface
  • the third column is the actual gain of the antenna
  • the fourth column is the deflection angle of the antenna beam.
  • the distance between the concave pot lens and the antenna port surface is fixed to 7 mm, and the deflection angle of the antenna beam is used to compensate the angle of the antenna sway, that is, the displacement of some of the lens shifts is given in Table 7. Correspondence between the distance between the antenna surface and the angle at which the antenna is shaken.
  • the antenna beam is The deflection in the opposite direction to the direction in which the antenna is swaying realizes the antenna pattern sway caused by the antenna sway during the swaying of the antenna, and has a simple structure, and solves the problem that the adjustment structure is complicated in the prior art.
  • FIG. 17 is a first schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a control device according to the present invention.
  • the control device 170 of the present embodiment includes: an acquisition module 1701 and a control module 1702.
  • the acquisition module 1701 is configured to acquire antenna shaking.
  • a direction parameter is used to indicate a direction of the antenna sway and an angle of the antenna sway;
  • the control module 1702 is configured to control a direction of the antenna sway indicated by the directional parameter of the antenna
  • the angle at which the antenna is shaken is moved such that the beam of the antenna is deflected in the opposite direction to the direction in which the antenna is swaying.
  • the direction parameter of the antenna sway is obtained by the acquiring module 1701 of the control device 170.
  • the direction parameter is used to indicate the direction of the antenna sway and the angle of the antenna sway.
  • the acquiring module 1701 can be a gyro and an acceleration.
  • a control device 1702 controlling the reflection surface of the antenna to move according to the direction and angle of the antenna sway indicated by the direction parameter, so that the direction of the antenna beam pointing in the opposite direction of the antenna sway Deflection compensates for antenna pattern sway caused by antenna sway, wherein the reflective surface includes a primary reflective surface and a secondary reflective surface.
  • control module 1702 is specifically configured to:
  • the secondary reflecting surface of the antenna is controlled to be deflected by a predetermined angle in a direction in which the antenna is shaken, wherein the predetermined angle is determined by an angle at which the antenna is shaken.
  • control module 1702 is specifically configured to:
  • the secondary reflective surface of the antenna is controlled to be offset from the preset displacement by a direction in which the antenna is shaken, wherein the predetermined displacement is determined by an angle at which the antenna is shaken.
  • control device 170 is placed at the secondary reflecting surface of the antenna, wherein the acquiring module 1701 of the control device 170 acquires the direction parameter of the antenna shaking, and the control module 1702 controls the secondary reflecting surface of the antenna to deflect the preset angle in the direction or Deviating the preset displacement to deflect the pointing of the antenna beam in the opposite direction of the direction in which the antenna is swaying, compensating for antenna pattern sway caused by antenna sway, wherein the control module 1702 may include a driving motor for driving the sub-reflecting surface of the antenna Or offset, such as VCM or stepper motor.
  • the preset angle is determined by the angle of the antenna sway, and may be obtained by a corresponding relationship between a preset angle preset according to an empirical value and an angle of the antenna sway, or may be adaptively obtained by the control module according to the change of the direction parameter.
  • the preset displacement is determined by the angle of the antenna sway, and may be obtained by a correspondence between a preset displacement preset according to an empirical value and an angle of the antenna sway, or adaptively controlled by the control module according to the change of the direction parameter.
  • control module 1702 is specifically configured to:
  • the control device is placed at a main reflection surface of the antenna, wherein the acquisition module 1701 of the control device acquires a direction parameter of the antenna shake, and the control module 1702 controls the main reflection surface of the antenna to be deflected by a predetermined angle in the direction, so that The pointing of the antenna beam deflects in the opposite direction of the direction in which the antenna is swaying, compensating for antenna pattern sway caused by antenna sloshing, wherein the control module 1702 can include a drive motor for driving the main reflector surface deflection of the antenna, such as a VCM or stepper motor. Due to the fast response of VCM or stepper motors, the beam pointing of the antenna can be quickly adjusted to compensate for antenna sloshing.
  • a drive motor for driving the main reflector surface deflection of the antenna such as a VCM or stepper motor. Due to the fast response of VCM or stepper motors, the beam pointing of the antenna can be quickly adjusted to compensate for antenna sloshing.
  • the preset angle is determined by the angle of the antenna sway, and may be obtained by a corresponding relationship between a preset angle preset according to an empirical value and an angle of the antenna sway, or may be adaptively obtained by the control module according to the change of the direction parameter. of.
  • control module 1702 is specifically configured to:
  • control module 1702 is specifically configured to:
  • the direction of the antenna shaking is a direction of clockwise rotation about the X axis
  • controlling the secondary reflecting surface to deflect the preset angle by a clockwise direction about the X axis through a center point of the secondary reflecting surface
  • the secondary reflection surface is controlled to be deflected clockwise by the center point of the secondary reflection surface about the Y axis by the predetermined angle.
  • control module 1702 is specifically configured to:
  • the direction of the antenna sway is deflected by a second predetermined angle; the intersection of the two axes is a center point of the secondary reflecting surface; wherein the first predetermined angle and the second predetermined angle are swayed by the antenna The angle is determined.
  • control module 1702 is specifically configured to:
  • the sub-reflecting surface is controlled to be offset from the center point of the sub-reflecting surface by an axis parallel to the main reflecting surface of the antenna, and offset from the center point of the sub-reflecting surface by a predetermined displacement in a direction in which the antenna is shaken.
  • control module 1702 is specifically configured to:
  • the secondary reflective surface is controlled to be offset from the X axis by the preset displacement
  • the secondary reflective surface is controlled to be offset from the predetermined displacement along the Y axis.
  • control module 1702 is specifically configured to:
  • Controlling in a plane of two planes orthogonal to each other, offsetting the first preset displacement in a direction of the antenna sway in one of two planes orthogonal to each other, and in another plane of the two planes orthogonal to each other
  • the direction of the antenna shaking is offset by a second preset displacement; wherein the first preset displacement and the second preset displacement are determined by an angle of the antenna shaking.
  • control module 1702 is specifically configured to:
  • control module 1702 is specifically configured to:
  • the device in this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 11.
  • the implementation principle and technical effects are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 18 is a second schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a control device according to the present invention.
  • the control device 180 of the present embodiment includes: an acquisition module 1801 and a control module 1802.
  • the acquisition module 1801 is configured to acquire antenna shaking.
  • a direction parameter is used to indicate a direction in which the antenna is shaken and an angle at which the antenna is shaken;
  • control module 1802 configured to control a lens placed on a side of the antenna transmit beam according to the direction
  • the direction of the antenna sway indicated by the parameter and the angle of the antenna sway are moved such that the beam of the antenna is deflected in the opposite direction to the direction in which the antenna sways.
  • the acquiring module 1801 first obtains the direction parameter of the antenna shaking
  • the obtaining module 1801 may be a gyroscope and an accelerometer, or other detecting device;
  • the control module 1802 may include a driving motor such as a VCM or a stepping motor.
  • control module can quickly compensate for beam deflection caused by antenna sway by adaptively adjusting the offset displacement and frequency of the lens, and can quickly correct beam pointing.
  • control module 1802 is specifically configured to:
  • the preset displacement is determined by the angle of the antenna swaying, and may be obtained by a corresponding relationship between a preset displacement preset according to an empirical value and an angle of the antenna sway, or by a change of the directional parameter according to the control module.
  • control module 1802 is specifically configured to:
  • the lens is controlled to be offset from the predetermined displacement by a direction parallel to the antenna port surface in a direction in which the antenna is shaken.
  • control module 1802 is specifically configured to:
  • the lens is controlled to be offset by the preset displacement along the Y axis.
  • control module 1802 is specifically configured to:
  • the direction of the antenna shaking is offset by a second preset displacement, wherein the first preset displacement and the second preset displacement are determined by an angle of the antenna shaking.
  • the lens comprises:
  • Flat-bottomed cylindrical lens pan-shaped lens, concave cylindrical lens or concave pot-shaped lens.
  • the device of this embodiment may be used to implement the technical solution of the method embodiment shown in FIG. 12 to FIG.
  • the implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be described here.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of an embodiment of an antenna according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 19, the antenna of this embodiment includes:
  • the reflective surface of the antenna includes a primary reflective surface and a secondary reflective surface.
  • the control device may adopt the structure of the device embodiment of FIG. 17, and correspondingly, the technical solution of any one of the method embodiments of FIG. 1 to FIG. 11 may be implemented. The principle and technical effect are similar and will not be described here.
  • FIG. 20 is a second schematic structural diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 20, the antenna of this embodiment includes:
  • Control device lens and reflective surface of the antenna
  • control device may adopt the structure of the device embodiment of FIG. 18, and correspondingly, the technical solution of any one of the method embodiments of FIG. 12 to FIG. 16 may be performed, and the implementation principle and technical effects thereof are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • the reflecting surface of the antenna in this embodiment is not limited to two reflecting surfaces, and may be one reflecting surface.
  • the lens comprises:
  • Flat-bottomed cylindrical lens pan-shaped lens, concave cylindrical lens or concave pot-shaped lens.
  • the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the program when executed, performs the steps including the foregoing method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种控制装置、天线和抵抗天线晃动的方法。本发明控制装置，包括：获取模块，用于获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；控制模块，用于控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。本发明实现了补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，结构简单。

Description

控制装置、天线和抵抗天线晃动的方法 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及天线技术领域，尤其涉及一种控制装置、天线和抵抗天线晃动的方法。
背景技术
天线的基本功能是将馈线传输的电磁波变换为自由空间传播的电磁波，或者进行相反的变换。天线的种类繁多，例如，卡塞格伦天线，由于其结构紧凑，通信效率较高，因而在基站中应用非常广泛。当卡塞格伦天线等天线安装于简易铁塔、拉线铁塔、路灯杆时，在风的作用下，天线的晃动就会非常明显，普通的3～5级风，或地面震动的影响，晃动会达到2.5度以上，影响天线的正常使用。
现有技术中解决天线晃动的一种方法，是给整个天线增加二维机械电机调整系统(俗称云台)，该方法存在的问题是电机调整系统结构复杂，成本高，而且调整天线时整个云台会随着天线反射面的位置变化而转动，所需的驱动功率较大。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种控制装置、天线和抵抗天线晃动的方法，控制装置结构简单，驱动功率小。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供一种控制装置，包括：
获取模块，用于获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；
控制模块，用于控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转预设角度，其中，所述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
控制所述天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角度，其中，所述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
控制所述副反射面绕平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转所述预设角度；所述轴线经过所述副反射面的中心点。
结合第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕X轴逆时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕X轴逆时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕X轴顺时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕X轴顺时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕Y轴逆时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕Y轴逆时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕Y轴顺时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕Y轴顺时针偏转所述预设角度。
结合第一方面的第一、第四或第五种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
控制所述副反射面绕相互正交的两个轴线中的一轴线向所述天线晃动的方向偏转第一预设角度，并绕所述相互正交的两个轴线中的另一轴线朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转第二预设角度；所述两个轴线的交点为所述副反射面的中心点；其中，所述第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
控制所述副反射面在平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的平面内，沿过所述副反射面的中心点的轴线朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移。
结合第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿X轴的方向，控制所述副反射面沿X轴偏移所述预设位移；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿Y轴的方向，控制所述副反射面沿Y轴偏移所述预设位移。
结合第一方面的第二、第七或第八种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第九种可能的实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
控制所述副反射面在相互正交的两个平面中的一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第一预设位移，并在相互正交的两个平面中的另一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第二预设位移；其中，所述第一预设位移和第二预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第十种可能的实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
控制所述主反射面绕平行于所述主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝与所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转所述预设角度；所述轴线过所述主反射面的中心点。
结合第一方面的第三或第十种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第十一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
控制所述主反射面绕相互正交的两个轴线中的一轴线朝与所述天线晃动的方向相反的方向偏转第一预设角度，并绕相互正交的两个轴线中的另一轴线朝与所述天线晃动的方向相反的方向偏转第二预设角度；所述两个轴线的交点为所述主反射面的中心点；其中，所述第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
第二方面，本发明实施例提供一种控制装置，包括：
获取模块，用于获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；
控制模块，用于控制放置在天线发射波束一侧的透镜根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
控制所述透镜朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第二方面的第一种实现方式，在第二方面的第二种实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
控制所述透镜沿平行于所述天线口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移。
结合第二方面的第二种实现方式，在第二方面的第三种实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿X轴的方向，控制所述透镜沿X轴偏移所述预设位移；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿Y轴的方向，控制所述透镜沿Y轴偏移所述预设位移。
结合第二方面的第一至第三任一种实现方式，在第二方面的第四种实现方式中，所述控制模块，具体用于：
控制所述透镜在相互正交的两个平面中的一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第一预设位移，并在相互正交的两个平面中的另一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第二预设位移，其中，所述第一预设位移和第二预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第二方面、或第二方面的第一至第四任一种实现方式，在第二方面的第五种实现方式中，所述透镜包括：
平底柱形透镜、平底锅形透镜、凹面柱形透镜或凹面锅形透镜。
第三方面，本发明实施例提供一种天线，包括：
如第一方面任一项所述的控制装置，以及天线的反射面。
第四方面，本发明实施例提供一种天线，包括：
如第二方面任一项所述的控制装置，透镜以及天线的反射面。
第五方面，本发明实施例提供一种抵抗天线晃动的方法，包括：
获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；
控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，包括：
控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转预设角度，其中，所述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，包括：
控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第五方面，在第五方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，包括：
控制所述天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角度，其中，所述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第五方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转预设角度，具体包括：
控制所述副反射面绕平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转所述预设角度；所述轴线经过所述副反射面的中心点。
结合第五方面的第四种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述控制所述副反射面绕平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转所述预设角度，包括：
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕X轴逆时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕X轴逆时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕X轴顺时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射 面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕X轴顺时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕Y轴逆时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕Y轴逆时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕Y轴顺时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕Y轴顺时针偏转所述预设角度。
结合第五方面的第一、第四或第五种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转预设角度，具体包括：
控制所述副反射面绕相互正交的两个轴线中的一轴线向所述天线晃动的方向偏转第一预设角度，并绕所述相互正交的两个轴线中的另一轴线朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转第二预设角度；所述两个轴线的交点为所述副反射面的中心点；其中，所述第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第五方面的第二种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，具体包括：
控制所述副反射面在平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的平面内，沿过所述副反射面的中心点的轴线朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移。
结合第五方面的第七种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述控制所述副反射面在平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的平面内，沿过所述副反射面的中心点的轴线向所述方向偏移所述预设位移，包括：
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿X轴的方向，控制所述副反射面沿X轴偏移所述预设位移；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿Y轴的方向，控制所述副反射面沿Y轴偏移所述预设位移。
结合第五方面的第二、第七或第八种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第九种可能的实现方式中，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，具体包括：
控制所述副反射面在相互正交的两个平面中的一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第一预设位移，并在相互正交的两个平面中的另一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第二预设位移；其中，所述第一预设位移和第二预设位 移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第五方面的第三种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第十种可能的实现方式中，所述控制所述天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角度，具体包括：
控制所述主反射面绕平行于所述主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝与所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转所述预设角度；所述轴线过所述主反射面的中心点。
结合第五方面的第三或第十种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第十一种可能的实现方式中，所述控制所述天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角度，具体包括：
控制所述主反射面绕相互正交的两个轴线中的一轴线朝与所述天线晃动的方向相反的方向偏转第一预设角度，并绕相互正交的两个轴线中的另一轴线朝与所述天线晃动的方向相反的方向偏转第二预设角度；所述两个轴线的交点为所述主反射面的中心点；其中，所述第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
第六方面，本发明实施例提供一种抵抗天线晃动的方法，包括：
获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；
控制放置在天线发射波束一侧的透镜根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。
结合第六方面，在第六方面的第一种实现方式中，所述控制放置在天线发射波束一侧的透镜根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，包括：
控制所述透镜朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第六方面的第一种实现方式，在第六方面的第二种实现方式中，所述控制所述透镜朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，具体包括：
控制所述透镜沿平行于所述天线口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移。
结合第六方面的第二种实现方式，在第六方面的第三种实现方式中，所 述控制所述透镜沿平行于所述天线口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移，包括：
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿X轴的方向，控制所述透镜沿X轴偏移所述预设位移；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿Y轴的方向，控制所述透镜沿Y轴偏移所述预设位移。
结合第六方面的第一至第三任一种实现方式，在第六方面的第四种实现方式中，所述控制所述透镜朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，具体包括：
控制所述透镜在相互正交的两个平面中的一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第一预设位移，并在相互正交的两个平面中的另一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第二预设位移，其中，所述第一预设位移和第二预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
结合第六方面、或第六方面的第一至第四任一种实现方式，在第六方面的第五种实现方式中，所述透镜包括：
平底柱形透镜、平底锅形透镜、凹面柱形透镜或凹面锅形透镜。
本发明实施例控制装置、天线和抵抗天线晃动的方法，通过获取天线晃动的方向参数；控制天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动；或者在天线口面前放置透镜，控制所述透镜跟根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，从而使天线波束的指向向天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转，补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动。本发明实施例提供的控制装置结构简单，驱动功率小，能够高效地抵抗天线晃动。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为一种卡塞格伦天线的结构示意图；
图2为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例一的流程图；
图3为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例二的天线调整示意图一；
图4为图3所示的天线调整仿真结果示意图；
图5为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例二的天线调整示意图二；
图6为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例二的天线调整示意图三；
图7为图6所示的天线调整仿真结果示意图；
图8为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例二的天线调整示意图四；
图9为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例三的天线调整示意图一；
图10为图9所示的天线调整仿真结果示意图；
图11为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例的天线结构侧视图；
图12为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例四的流程图；
图13为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例五的天线调整示意图一；
图14为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例五的天线调整示意图二；
图15为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例五的天线调整示意图三；
图16为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例五的天线调整示意图四；
图17为本发明控制装置实施例的结构示意图一；
图18为本发明控制装置实施例的结构示意图二；
图19为本发明天线实施例的结构示意图一；
图20为本发明天线实施例的结构示意图二。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的技术方案可以适用于多种天线，如双反射面天线、平板天线等，下面以具有双反射面的卡塞格伦天线为例进行说明。
图1为一种卡塞格伦天线的结构示意图，如图1所示，卡塞格伦天线由三部分组成，即主反射面、副反射面和馈源。其中主反射面为旋转抛物面，副反射面为旋转双曲面。在结构上，双曲面的一个焦点与抛物面的焦点重合 (焦点如图1中的F2所示)，双曲面焦轴与抛物面的焦轴重合，而馈源位于双曲面的另一焦点上(焦点如图1中的F1所示)。卡塞格伦天线是由副反射面对馈源发出的电磁波进行的一次反射，将电磁波反射到主反射面上，然后再经主反射面反射后获得相应方向的平面波波束，以实现定向发射。
图2为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例一的流程图。如图2所示，本实施例的方法，包括：
步骤201、获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度。
步骤202、控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。
具体来说，本实施例中首先获取天线晃动的方向参数，方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度，获取天线晃动的方向参数具体可以通过在天线上放置陀螺仪和加速度计获取天线晃动的方向和角度或者也可以通过软件的方法检测天线晃动的方向参数；控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和角度进行移动，以使天线波束的指向向天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转，补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，其中反射面包括主反射面以及副反射面。
本实施例，通过获取天线晃动的方向参数；控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和角度进行移动，实现了天线在晃动过程中，使天线波束的指向向天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转，补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，结构简单，解决了现有技术中调整结构复杂的问题。
图3为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例二的天线调整示意图一，在实施例一的基础上，本实施例中，所述控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，至少包括以下两种实现方式：
第一种实现方式：
控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转预设角度，其中，所述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定；
第二种实现方式：
控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
具体来说，本实施例中获取天线晃动的方向参数，具体可以通过在天线抱杆(或固定在抱杆的设备上)放置陀螺仪和加速度计获取天线晃动的方向和角度或通过软件的方法检测天线晃动的方向参数；控制天线的副反射面朝所述方向偏转预设角度或偏移预设位移，以使天线波束的指向向天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转，补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，具体来说可以通过音圈电机(Voice Coil Motor，简称VCM)或步进电机驱动天线的副反射面朝所述方向偏转或偏移。由于VCM或步进电机具有反应迅速的特点，而且副反射面较轻，因此可以快速调整天线的波束指向，补偿天线晃动。上述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定，可以为根据经验值预先设定好的预设角度与天线晃动的角度的对应关系得出，或者通过天线自身根据方向参数的变化自适应得出的；上述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定，可以为根据经验值预先设定好的预设位移与天线晃动的角度的对应关系得出，或者通过天线自身根据方向参数的变化自适应得出的。
在副反射面可以放置陀螺仪和加速度计、或在副反射面可以放置角度检测或位移检测器件，在副反射面的偏转或偏移的过程中，可以在副反射面处检测副反射面移动的方向，偏转的角度或偏移的位移，是否满足天线波束的指向保持不变，使得达到天线波束的指向与天线晃动之前的指向一致的目的。
对于第一种实现方式来说，可选地，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转预设角度，具体包括：
控制所述副反射面绕平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转所述预设角度；所述轴线过所述副反射面的中心点。
具体来说，如图3所示，例如副反射面以O2为旋转支点，图3中O1为馈源相位中心点，O2为副反射面几何结构的对称中心点或叫凹面锅底中心点，O3为主反射面和副反射面的焦点，通过VCM或步进电机，以通过所述旋转支点平行于Y轴的线为轴偏转角度，如图3中偏转θ1，则天线指向会向副反射面偏转的相反方向偏转。
主反射面口面指的是主反射面口径所在的平面。
可选地，所述控制所述副反射面绕平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转所述预设角度，包括：
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕X轴逆时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕X轴逆时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕X轴顺时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕X轴顺时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕Y轴逆时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕Y轴逆时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕Y轴顺时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕Y轴顺时针偏转所述预设角度。
图4为为图3所示的天线调整仿真结果示意图，表1为天线调整仿真结果的数据对应关系的表格，图4为以副反射面在其中心点，通过所述中心点平行于Y轴的线为轴旋转为例仿真，主反射面口径1.2m，副反射面口径0.3m，工作频率6GHz；表1为副反射面旋转角度为不同值时的仿真结果。
表1
Figure PCTCN2014091715-appb-000001
上述表1中，第一列为副反射面旋转角度，第二列为天线波束的偏转角度，第三列为天线的实际增益，第四列为天线的增益损失。如表1所示，当θ＝6°时，天线波束指向偏向副反射面旋转的相反方向，天线波束的偏转角度为2.1°，天线的增益损失较小只有0.46dB；表1中列出一些副反射面旋转角度与天线波束的偏转角度的对应关系，天线波束的偏转角度用于补偿天线晃动的角度，该对应关系也即上述列举的副反射面旋转角度与天线晃动的角度的对应关系，从表1可以看出，若副反射面旋转角度的初始值为2°，对应 的波束偏转角度为0.7°，且方向与副反射面旋转的方向相反，那么随着副反射面旋转角度以整数倍增大，则对应的波束偏转角度也以整数倍增大。
本实施例的副反射面旋转方案的优点：天线增益损失较少，指向偏转2.8°时，增益损失仅0.85dB。
图5为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例二的天线调整示意图二。
可选地，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转预设角度，具体包括：
控制所述副反射面绕相互正交的两个轴线中的一轴线向所述天线晃动的方向偏转第一预设角度，并绕所述相互正交的两个轴线中的另一轴线朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转第二预设角度；所述两个轴线的交点为所述副反射面的中心点；其中，所述第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
具体来说，控制所述副反射面绕过所述副反射面的中心点的相互正交的两个轴线，分别向所述方向偏转第一预设角度和第二预设角度，使天线波束向天线晃动的反方向摆动，达到补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，可以补偿任意方位的天线晃动，可以通过使用两个VCM或步进电机驱动副反射面偏转。如图5所示，例如可以分别绕通过副反射面的的中心点的X轴和Y轴，向所述方向偏转第一预设角度θ1和第二预设角度θ2，第一预设角度θ1和第二预设角度θ2由所述天线晃动的角度确定，具体可以根据经验值确定或通过天线自身根据方向参数的变化自适应确定。
图6为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例二的天线调整示意图三。
对于第二种实现方式来说，可选地，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，具体包括：
控制所述副反射面在平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的平面内，沿过所述副反射面的中心点的轴线朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移。
具体来说，通过一个VCM或步进电机驱动天线的副反射面向天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，可以使天线的波束向天线晃动的反方向摆动，达到补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动。
可选地，所述控制所述副反射面在平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的平面内，沿过所述副反射面的中心点的轴线向所述方向偏移所述预设位移，包括：
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿X轴的方向，控制所述副反射面沿X轴偏移所述预设位移；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿Y轴的方向，控制所述副反射面沿Y轴偏移所述预设位移。
如图6所示，例如副反射面在其中心点，VCM或步进电机驱动副反射面，以通过所述中心点平行于主反射面口面的面内偏移，如以图中X轴方向偏移预设位移L1，则天线指向会向副反射面偏移的反方向偏转，其中，预设位移L1由所述天线晃动的角度确定，具体可以根据经验值确定或通过天线自身根据方向参数的变化自适应确定。
图7为图6所示的天线调整仿真结果示意图，表2为天线调整仿真结果的数据对应关系的表格，图7中以副反射面在其中心点，通过中心点平行于主反射面口面的面内X轴偏移为例仿真，主反射面口径1.2m，副反射面口径0.3m，工作频率6GHz；表2为偏移的位移为不同值时的仿真结果。
表2
Figure PCTCN2014091715-appb-000002
上述表2中，第一列为副反射面偏移的位移，第二列为天线波束的偏转角度，第三列为天线的实际增益，第四列为天线的增益损失。如图7和表2所示，当偏移50mm时，天线的波束指向向副反射面偏移的反方向偏移，天线波束的偏转角度为2.7°，天线的增益损失较大，增益损失达2.58dB；表2中列出了其中一些副反射面偏移的位移与天线波束的偏转角度的对应关系，天线波束的偏转角度用于补偿天线晃动的角度，也即给出了其中一些副反射 面偏移的位移与天线晃动的角度的对应关系，从表2可以看出，若副反射面偏移的初始位移为10mm，对应的波束偏转角度为0.5°，且方向与副反射面偏移的方向相反，那么随着副反射面偏移的位移以整数倍增大，则对应的波束偏转角度也以整数倍增大。。
本实施例的副反射面偏移的方案，在天线偏移位移较小时，增益损失较小，在天线偏移位移较大时，如偏移50mm时，天线增益损失较大，此时天线波束的偏转角度为-2.7°，增益损失达2.58dB。
图8为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例二的天线调整示意图四。
可选地，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，具体包括：
控制所述副反射面在相互正交的两个平面中的一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第一预设位移，并在相互正交的两个平面中的另一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第二预设位移；其中，所述第一预设位移和第二预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
具体来说，控制天线的副反射面在两个正交的维度面来回偏移，可以使天线的波束指向向副反射面偏移的相反方向偏转，可以使天线的波束指向向天线晃动的反方向来回摆动，达到补偿天线任意晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，可以通过两个线性电机驱动副反射面移动。
如图8所示，例如副反射面在其中心点，通过X轴、Y轴线性电机，以通过所述中心点平行于主反射面口面的平面内以及垂直于主反射面口面的平面内偏移，如以图中X轴、Y轴方向偏移，分别偏移预设位移L1、L2，则天线指向会向副反射面偏移的相反方向偏转，其中预设位移L1、L2由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
本实施例，实现了天线在晃动过程中，通过获取晃动的方向和角度，控制天线的副反射面朝所述方向移动，以使天线波束的指向向天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转，补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，结构简单，解决了现有技术中调整结构复杂的问题。
图9为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例三的天线调整示意图一，在实施例一的基础上，本实施例中，所述控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，包括：
控制所述天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角 度，其中，所述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
具体来说，本实施例中首先获取天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度，具体可以通过在主反射面和抱杆(或固定在抱杆的设备上)分别放置陀螺仪和加速度计、或分别放置角度检测器获取天线晃动的方向和角度，也可以通过软件的方法检测天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；控制天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角度，以使天线波束的指向向天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转，补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，具体来说可以通过VCM或步进电机驱动天线的主反射面朝所述方向的相反方向移动。由于VCM或步进电机具有反应迅速的特点，因此可以快速调整天线的波束指向，补偿天线晃动。上述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定，可以为根据经验值预先设定好的预设角度与天线晃动的角度的对应关系得出，或者通过天线自身根据方向参数的变化自适应得出的。
在主反射面和天线抱杆分别放置陀螺仪和加速度计，在天线抱杆处检测天线晃动的方向和角度，在主反射面的偏转的过程中，在主反射面处可以检测主反射面偏转的方向和角度，是否满足天线波束的指向保持不变，使得达到天线波束的指向与天线晃动之前的指向一致的目的。
可选地，所述控制所述天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角度，具体包括：
控制所述主反射面绕平行于所述主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝与所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转所述预设角度；所述轴线过所述主反射面的中心点。
在本发明的一种实施方式中，如图9所示，可以通过使用一个VCM或步进电机驱动天线的主反射面在俯仰面偏转预设角度θ(根据天线晃动自适应的角度)，使天线波束向天线晃动的反方向旋转，其中，预设角度θ由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
例如主反射面以O4(图9中经过所述主反射面的中心点与纸面垂直的轴)为旋转轴，通过电机驱动主反射面进行旋转，则天线指向会以与主反射面旋转的相同方向进行偏转。
图10为图9所示的天线调整仿真结果示意图，表3为天线调整仿真结果的数据对应关系的表格，图10中以上述旋转轴旋转为例，对主反射面口径260mm、副反射面口径25mm的天线进行仿真分析，工作频点为78.5GHz， 主反射面旋转角度3.6°，表3为主反射面旋转角度为不同值时的仿真结果。
表3
Figure PCTCN2014091715-appb-000003
上述表3中，第一列为工作频点，第二列为主反射面旋转角度，第三列为天线波束的偏转角度，第四列为天线的实际增益，第五列为天线的增益损失。如图10和表3所示，当主反射面偏转角θ＝3.6°时，天线波束的偏转角度为3°。本实施例的主反射面旋转方案的优点：天线增益损失较少，当天线波束的偏转角度为3°时，增益损失仅0.82dB；天线的波束指向与主反射面偏转的方向一致。天线波束偏转角度用于补偿天线晃动的角度。
可选地，所述控制所述天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角度，具体包括：
控制所述主反射面绕相互正交的两个轴线中的一轴线朝与所述天线晃动的方向相反的方向偏转第一预设角度，并绕相互正交的两个轴线中的另一轴线朝与所述天线晃动的方向相反的方向偏转第二预设角度；所述两个轴线的交点为所述主反射面的中心点；其中，所述第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
具体来说，控制所述主反射面绕过所述主反射面的中心点的相互正交的两个轴线，分别向与所述方向相反的方向偏转第一预设角度和第二预设角度，使天线波束向天线晃动的反方向摆动，达到补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，可以补偿任意方位的天线晃动，可以通过使用两个VCM或步进电机驱动主反射面偏转，第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定，具体可以根据经验值确定或通过天线自身根据方向参数的变化自适应确定。
图11为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例的天线结构侧视图。
如果主反射面承受较大的风载，则会使得步进电机驱动功率大大增大。在本发明的另一实施方式中，为了解决风载问题，如图11所示，在主反射面背后增加伪主面20，伪主面20与其围边21、天线罩22构成一个保护罩，起到承受风载的作用。图11中，23为馈源，24为主反射面。
本发明实施例中的天线结构，主反射面馈源保持现有紧凑形式，馈线与主面解耦，与主反射面互不影响，馈电效率高。
本实施例，实现了天线在晃动过程中，通过获取天线晃动的方向和角度，控制天线的主反射面朝所述方向的相反方向移动以使天线波束的指向向天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转，补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，结构简单，解决了现有技术中调整结构复杂的问题。
图12为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例四的流程图。如图12所示，本实施例的方法，包括：
步骤1201、获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；
步骤1202、控制放置在天线发射波束一侧的透镜根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。
可选地，所述透镜包括：
平底柱形透镜、平底锅形透镜、凹面柱形透镜或凹面锅形透镜。
具体来说，透镜放置在天线发射波束的一侧，通过VCM或步进电机，在与天线口面平行的面内移动透镜，即可改变天线的波束指向，达到补偿天线晃动引起的方向图改变。
可以通过放置在天线上的陀螺仪和加速度计，在天线处检测天线晃动的方向和角度，也可以通过软件的方法检测天线晃动的方向和角度，通过自适应调整透镜的偏移位移和频率，快速补偿天线晃动引起的波束偏转，能够快速的纠正波束指向。
可以根据预先获知的透镜与所述天线口面的距离，确定放置透镜的初始位置，例如可以是经过仿真得到的最优的与所述天线口面的距离，在所述初始位置放置所述透镜。
天线口面指的是天线的反射面口径的平面。
本实施例，通过获取天线晃动的方向参数；在天线口面前放置透镜，控制所述透镜根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和角度进行偏移，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转，实现了天线在晃动过程中，补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，结构简单，解决了现有技术中调整结构复杂的问题。
图13为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例五的天线调整示意图一，在实施例四的基础上，本实施例中，所述控制放置在天线发射波束一侧的透镜根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，包括：
控制所述透镜朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
具体来说，通过一个VCM或步进电机驱动所述透镜向天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，可以使天线的波束指向向天线晃动的反方向摆动，达到补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动；其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定，可以为根据经验值预先设定好的预设位移与天线晃动的角度的对应关系得出，或者通过天线自身根据方向参数的变化自适应得出的。
可选地，所述控制所述透镜朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移，具体包括：
控制所述透镜沿平行于所述天线口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移。
可选地，所述控制所述透镜沿平行于所述天线口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移，包括：
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿X轴的方向，控制所述透镜沿X轴偏移所述预设位移；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿Y轴的方向，控制所述透镜沿Y轴偏移所述预设位移。
具体来说，以平底柱形透镜为例，如图13所示，例如通过VCM或步进电机驱动平底柱形透镜，在平行于天线口面的面内偏移，如以图中X轴方向偏移(箭头所示方向)，则天线指向会向平底柱形透镜偏移的相反方向偏转。
表4为天线调整仿真结果的数据对应关系的表格，以平底柱形透镜沿X轴偏移为例仿真。
表4
Figure PCTCN2014091715-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2014091715-appb-000005
表4中，第一列为所述透镜的偏移位移，第二列为所述透镜与天线口面的距离，第三列为天线的实际增益，第四列为天线波束的偏转角度。
表4中第一行表示不放置透镜的仿真结果。
从表4中，可以看出所述透镜偏移位移与天线波束的偏转角度的变化，与所述透镜和天线口面的距离有关，天线波束的偏转角度用于补偿天线晃动的角度，也即表4中给出了其中一些透镜偏移的位移、天线口面的距离与天线晃动的角度的对应关系。
图14为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例五的天线调整示意图二。
如图14所示，以凹面柱形透镜为例，所述凹面柱形透镜放置与天线前面，通过VCM或步进电机驱动所述凹面柱形透镜，左右移动凹面柱形透镜，即可改变天线的波束指向，达到补偿天线晃动引起的方向图改变，仿真结果如下表5所示，表5中为天线调整仿真结果的数据对应关系。
表5
Figure PCTCN2014091715-appb-000006
表5中，第一列为所述透镜的偏移位移，第二列为所述透镜与天线口面的距离，第三列为天线的实际增益，第四列为天线波束的偏转角度。
从表5中，可以看出所述透镜偏移位移与天线波束的偏转角度的变化，与所述透镜和天线口面的距离有关，天线波束的偏转角度用于补偿天线晃动的角度，也即表5中给出了其中一些透镜偏移的位移、天线口面的距离与天线晃动的角度的对应关系。
图15为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例五的天线调整示意图三。
可选地，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，具体包括：
控制所述透镜在相互正交的两个平面中的一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第一预设位移，并在相互正交的两个平面中的另一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第二预设位移；其中，所述第一预设位移和第二预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
具体来说，如图15所示，以平底锅形透镜为例，放置与天线前面，通过VCM或步进电机驱动平底锅形透镜，在任意正交的二维方向，如上下左右移动平底锅形透镜透镜，即可改变天线的波束指向，达到补偿天线晃动引起的方向图改变，仿真结果如下表6所示，表6中为天线调整仿真结果的数据对应关系。
表6
Figure PCTCN2014091715-appb-000007
表6中，第一列为所述透镜的偏移位移，第二列为所述透镜与天线口面的距离，第三列为天线的实际增益，第四列为天线波束的偏转角度。
表6中，将所述平底锅形透镜与天线口面的距离固定为7mm，可以看出 所述透镜偏移位移越大，则天线波束的偏转角度越大，天线波束的偏转角度用于补偿天线晃动的角度，也即表6中给出了其中一些透镜偏移的位移、天线口面的距离与天线晃动的角度的对应关系。
图16为本发明抵抗天线晃动的方法实施例五的天线调整示意图四。
如图16所示，以凹面锅形透镜为例，放置在天线前面，通过VCM或步进电机驱动凹面锅形透镜，在任意正交的二维方向，如上下左右移动凹面锅形透镜，即可改变天线的波束指向，达到补偿天线晃动引起的方向图改变，仿真结果如下表7所示，表7中为天线调整仿真结果的数据对应关系。
表7
Figure PCTCN2014091715-appb-000008
表7中，第一列为所述透镜的偏移位移，第二列为所述透镜与天线口面的距离，第三列为天线的实际增益，第四列为天线波束的偏转角度。
表7中，将所述凹面锅形透镜透镜与天线口面的距离固定为7mm，天线波束的偏转角度用于补偿天线晃动的角度，也即表7中给出了其中一些透镜偏移的位移、天线口面的距离与天线晃动的角度的对应关系。
本实施例，通过获取天线晃动的方向参数；在天线口面前放置透镜，控制所述透镜根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和角度进行偏移，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转，实现了天线在晃动过程中，补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，结构简单，解决了现有技术中调整结构复杂的问题。
上述图12-16所示实施例中仿真结果仅示出平板天线的仿真结果，但是同 样也适用于其他天线，如卡塞格伦天线。
图17为本发明控制装置实施例的结构示意图一，如图17所示，本实施例的控制装置170，包括：获取模块1701和控制模块1702；其中，获取模块1701，用于获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；控制模块1702，用于控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。
具体来说，本实施例中首先通过控制装置170的获取模块1701获取天线晃动的方向参数，方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度，获取模块1701可以为陀螺仪和加速度计，或其他检测器件；控制模块1702控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和角度进行移动，以使天线波束的指向向天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转，补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，其中反射面包括主反射面以及副反射面。
可选地，所述控制模块1702，具体用于：
控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转预设角度，其中，所述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
可选地，所述控制模块1702，具体用于：
控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
具体来说，在天线的副反射面处放置该控制装置170，其中控制装置170的获取模块1701获取天线晃动的方向参数，控制模块1702控制天线的副反射面朝所述方向偏转预设角度或偏移预设位移，以使天线波束的指向向天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转，补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，其中控制模块1702可以包括一个驱动电机用于驱动天线的副反射面偏转或偏移，如VCM或步进电机。由于VCM或步进电机具有反应迅速的特点，而且副反射面较轻，因此可以快速调整天线的波束指向，补偿天线晃动。上述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定，可以为根据经验值预先设定好的预设角度与天线晃动的角度的对应关系得出，或者通过控制模块根据方向参数的变化自适应得出的；上述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定，可以为根据经验值预先设定好的预设位移与天线晃动的角度的对应关系得出，或者通过控制模块根据方向参数的变化自适应得出的。
可选地，所述控制模块1702，具体用于：
控制所述天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角度，其中，所述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
具体来说，在天线的主反射面处放置该控制装置，其中控制装置的获取模块1701获取天线晃动的方向参数，控制模块1702控制天线的主反射面朝所述方向偏转预设角度，以使天线波束的指向向天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转，补偿天线晃动引起的天线方向图晃动，其中控制模块1702可以包括一个驱动电机用于驱动天线的主反射面偏转，如VCM或步进电机。由于VCM或步进电机具有反应迅速的特点，因此可以快速调整天线的波束指向，补偿天线晃动。上述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定，可以为根据经验值预先设定好的预设角度与天线晃动的角度的对应关系得出，或者通过控制模块根据方向参数的变化自适应得出的。
可选地，所述控制模块1702，具体用于：
控制所述副反射面绕平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转所述预设角度；所述轴线经过所述副反射面的中心点。
可选地，所述控制模块1702，具体用于：
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕X轴逆时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕X轴逆时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕X轴顺时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕X轴顺时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕Y轴逆时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕Y轴逆时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为绕Y轴顺时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕Y轴顺时针偏转所述预设角度。
可选地，所述控制模块1702，具体用于：
控制所述副反射面绕相互正交的两个轴线中的一轴线向所述天线晃动的方向偏转第一预设角度，并绕所述相互正交的两个轴线中的另一轴线朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转第二预设角度；所述两个轴线的交点为所述副反射面的中心点；其中，所述第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
可以参见图3-5所示的方法实施例中的实现原理及过程，此处不再赘述。
可选地，所述控制模块1702，具体用于：
控制所述副反射面在平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的面内，沿过所述副反射面的中心点的轴线朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移。
可选地，所述控制模块1702，具体用于：
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿X轴的方向，控制所述副反射面沿X轴偏移所述预设位移；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿Y轴的方向，控制所述副反射面沿Y轴偏移所述预设位移。
可选地，所述控制模块1702，具体用于：
控制所述副反射面在相互正交的两个平面中的一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第一预设位移，并在相互正交的两个平面中的另一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第二预设位移；其中，所述第一预设位移和第二预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
可以参见图6-8所示的方法实施例中的实现原理及过程，此处不再赘述。
可选地，所述控制模块1702，具体用于：
控制所述主反射面绕平行于所述主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝与所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转所述预设角度；所述轴线过所述主反射面的中心点。
可选地，所述控制模块1702，具体用于：
控制所述主反射面绕相互正交的两个轴线中的一轴线朝与所述天线晃动的方向相反的方向偏转第一预设角度，并绕相互正交的两个轴线中的另一轴线朝与所述天线晃动的方向相反的方向偏转第二预设角度；所述两个轴线的交点为所述主反射面的中心点；其中，所述第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
本实施例的装置，可以用于执行图2-图11所示方法实施例的技术方案，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
图18为本发明控制装置实施例的结构示意图二，如图18所示，本实施例的控制装置180，包括：获取模块1801和控制模块1802；其中，获取模块1801，用于获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；
控制模块1802，用于控制放置在天线发射波束一侧的透镜根据所述方向 参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。
具体来说，本实施例中，首先获取模块1801获取天线晃动的方向参数，获取模块1801可以为陀螺仪和加速度计，或其他检测器件；控制模块1802可以包括一个驱动电机如VCM或步进电机，在与天线口面平行的面内控制放置在天线发射波束一侧的移动透镜，即可改变天线的波束指向，达到补偿天线晃动引起的方向图改变。
具体地，控制模块可以通过自适应调整透镜的偏移位移和频率，快速补偿天线晃动引起的波束偏转，能够快速的纠正波束指向。
可选地，所述控制模块1802，具体用于：
控制所述透镜朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定，可以为根据经验值预先设定好的预设位移与天线晃动的角度的对应关系得出，或者通过控制模块根据方向参数的变化自适应得出的
可选地，所述控制模块1802，具体用于：
控制所述透镜沿平行于所述天线口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移。
可选地，所述控制模块1802，具体用于：
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿X轴的方向，控制所述透镜沿X轴偏移所述预设位移；或，
当所述天线晃动的方向为沿Y轴的方向，控制所述透镜沿Y轴偏移所述预设位移。
可选地，所述控制模块1802，具体用于：
控制所述透镜在相互正交的两个平面中的一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第一预设位移，并在相互正交的两个平面中的另一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第二预设位移，其中，所述第一预设位移和第二预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
可选地，所述透镜包括：
平底柱形透镜、平底锅形透镜、凹面柱形透镜或凹面锅形透镜。
本实施例的装置，可以用于执行图12-图16所示方法实施例的技术方案， 其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
图19为本发明天线实施例的结构示意图一，如图19所示，本实施例的天线，包括：
控制装置，以及天线的反射面；
其中，天线的反射面包括主反射面及副反射面，控制装置可以采用图17装置实施例的结构，其对应地，可以执行图1～图11中任一方法实施例的技术方案，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
图20为本发明天线实施例的结构示意图二，如图20所示，本实施例的天线，包括：
控制装置，透镜以及天线的反射面；
其中，控制装置可以采用图18装置实施例的结构，其对应地，可以执行图12～图16中任一方法实施例的技术方案，其实现原理和技术效果类似，此处不再赘述。
本实施例中的天线的反射面不限定为两个反射面，也可以是一个反射面。
可选地，所述透镜包括：
平底柱形透镜、平底锅形透镜、凹面柱形透镜或凹面锅形透镜。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：实现上述各方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。前述的程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中。该程序在执行时，执行包括上述各方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储介质包括：ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (38)

  1. 一种控制装置，其特征在于，包括：
    获取模块，用于获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；
    控制模块，用于控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转预设角度，其中，所述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    控制所述天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角度，其中，所述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    控制所述副反射面绕平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转所述预设角度；所述轴线经过所述副反射面的中心点。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    当所述天线晃动的方向为绕X轴逆时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕X轴逆时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
    当所述天线晃动的方向为绕X轴顺时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕X轴顺时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
    当所述天线晃动的方向为绕Y轴逆时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕Y轴逆时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
    当所述天线晃动的方向为绕Y轴顺时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕Y轴顺时针偏转所述预设角度。
  7. 根据权利要求2、5或6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    控制所述副反射面绕相互正交的两个轴线中的一轴线向所述天线晃动的方向偏转第一预设角度，并绕所述相互正交的两个轴线中的另一轴线朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转第二预设角度；所述两个轴线的交点为所述副反射面的中心点；其中，所述第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    控制所述副反射面在平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的平面内，沿过所述副反射面的中心点的轴线朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    当所述天线晃动的方向为沿X轴的方向，控制所述副反射面沿X轴偏移所述预设位移；或，
    当所述天线晃动的方向为沿Y轴的方向，控制所述副反射面沿Y轴偏移所述预设位移。
  10. 根据权利要求3、8或9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    控制所述副反射面在相互正交的两个平面中的一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第一预设位移，并在相互正交的两个平面中的另一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第二预设位移；其中，所述第一预设位移和第二预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  11. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    控制所述主反射面绕平行于所述主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝与所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转所述预设角度；所述轴线过所述主反射面的中心点。
  12. 根据权利要求4或11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    控制所述主反射面绕相互正交的两个轴线中的一轴线朝与所述天线晃动的方向相反的方向偏转第一预设角度，并绕相互正交的两个轴线中的另一轴线朝与所述天线晃动的方向相反的方向偏转第二预设角度；所述两个轴线的 交点为所述主反射面的中心点；其中，所述第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  13. 一种控制装置，其特征在于，包括：
    获取模块，用于获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；
    控制模块，用于控制放置在天线发射波束一侧的透镜根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    控制所述透镜朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    控制所述透镜沿平行于所述天线口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    当所述天线晃动的方向为沿X轴的方向，控制所述透镜沿X轴偏移所述预设位移；或，
    当所述天线晃动的方向为沿Y轴的方向，控制所述透镜沿Y轴偏移所述预设位移。
  17. 根据权利要求14-16任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述控制模块，具体用于：
    控制所述透镜在相互正交的两个平面中的一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第一预设位移，并在相互正交的两个平面中的另一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第二预设位移，其中，所述第一预设位移和第二预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  18. 根据权利要求13-17任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述透镜包括：
    平底柱形透镜、平底锅形透镜、凹面柱形透镜或凹面锅形透镜。
  19. 一种天线，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1-12任一项所述的控制装置，以及天线的反射面。
  20. 一种天线，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求13-18任一项所述的控制装置，透镜以及天线的反射面。
  21. 一种抵抗天线晃动的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；
    控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，包括：
    控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转预设角度，其中，所述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，包括：
    控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述天线的反射面根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，包括：
    控制所述天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角度，其中，所述预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  25. 根据权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转预设角度，具体包括：
    控制所述副反射面绕平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转所述预设角度；所述轴线经过所述副反射面的中心点。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述副反射面绕平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转 所述预设角度，包括：
    当所述天线晃动的方向为绕X轴逆时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕X轴逆时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
    当所述天线晃动的方向为绕X轴顺时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕X轴顺时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
    当所述天线晃动的方向为绕Y轴逆时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕Y轴逆时针偏转所述预设角度；或，
    当所述天线晃动的方向为绕Y轴顺时针旋转的方向，则控制所述副反射面通过所述副反射面的中心点绕Y轴顺时针偏转所述预设角度。
  27. 根据权利要求22、25或26所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转预设角度，具体包括：
    控制所述副反射面绕相互正交的两个轴线中的一轴线向所述天线晃动的方向偏转第一预设角度，并绕所述相互正交的两个轴线中的另一轴线朝所述天线晃动的方向偏转第二预设角度；所述两个轴线的交点为所述副反射面的中心点；其中，所述第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  28. 根据权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，具体包括：
    控制所述副反射面在平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的平面内，沿过所述副反射面的中心点的轴线朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述副反射面在平行于所述天线的主反射面口面的平面内，沿过所述副反射面的中心点的轴线向所述方向偏移所述预设位移，包括：
    当所述天线晃动的方向为沿X轴的方向，控制所述副反射面沿X轴偏移所述预设位移；或，
    当所述天线晃动的方向为沿Y轴的方向，控制所述副反射面沿Y轴偏移所述预设位移。
  30. 根据权利要求23、28或29所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述天线的副反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，具体包括：
    控制所述副反射面在相互正交的两个平面中的一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第一预设位移，并在相互正交的两个平面中的另一平面内朝所述 天线晃动的方向偏移第二预设位移；其中，所述第一预设位移和第二预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  31. 根据权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角度，具体包括：
    控制所述主反射面绕平行于所述主反射面口面的任意轴线，朝与所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转所述预设角度；所述轴线过所述主反射面的中心点。
  32. 根据权利要求24或31所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述天线的主反射面朝所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转预设角度，具体包括：
    控制所述主反射面绕相互正交的两个轴线中的一轴线朝与所述天线晃动的方向相反的方向偏转第一预设角度，并绕相互正交的两个轴线中的另一轴线朝与所述天线晃动的方向相反的方向偏转第二预设角度；所述两个轴线的交点为所述主反射面的中心点；其中，所述第一预设角度和第二预设角度由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  33. 一种抵抗天线晃动的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取天线晃动的方向参数；所述方向参数用于指示所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度；
    控制放置在天线发射波束一侧的透镜根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，以使所述天线的波束指向向所述天线晃动的方向的相反方向偏转。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制放置在天线发射波束一侧的透镜根据所述方向参数所指示的所述天线晃动的方向和天线晃动的角度进行移动，包括：
    控制所述透镜朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，其中，所述预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述透镜朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，具体包括：
    控制所述透镜沿平行于所述天线口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述透镜沿平行于所述天线口面的任意轴线，朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移所述预设位移， 包括：
    当所述天线晃动的方向为沿X轴的方向，控制所述透镜沿X轴偏移所述预设位移；或，
    当所述天线晃动的方向为沿Y轴的方向，控制所述透镜沿Y轴偏移所述预设位移。
  37. 根据权利要求34-36任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述控制所述透镜朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移预设位移，具体包括：
    控制所述透镜在相互正交的两个平面中的一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第一预设位移，并在相互正交的两个平面中的另一平面内朝所述天线晃动的方向偏移第二预设位移，其中，所述第一预设位移和第二预设位移由所述天线晃动的角度确定。
  38. 根据权利要求33-37任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述透镜包括：
    平底柱形透镜、平底锅形透镜、凹面柱形透镜或凹面锅形透镜。
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