WO2016077995A1 - 交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法 - Google Patents

交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法 Download PDF

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WO2016077995A1
WO2016077995A1 PCT/CN2014/091413 CN2014091413W WO2016077995A1 WO 2016077995 A1 WO2016077995 A1 WO 2016077995A1 CN 2014091413 W CN2014091413 W CN 2014091413W WO 2016077995 A1 WO2016077995 A1 WO 2016077995A1
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power
node
active
branch
active power
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PCT/CN2014/091413
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English (en)
French (fr)
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江辉
彭建春
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深圳大学
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Priority to PCT/CN2014/091413 priority Critical patent/WO2016077995A1/zh
Priority to CN201480007431.9A priority patent/CN105518963B/zh
Publication of WO2016077995A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016077995A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers

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  • the invention belongs to the field of electric power engineering, and in particular relates to a symmetrical method for real-time dispatching of power generation and active power consumption of an alternating current power network.
  • the AC power network not only requires active real-time scheduling to ensure real-time power balance and frequency quality, but also requires active real-time scheduling to ensure real-time security and economy. Therefore, the active power dispatching method of the AC power grid is an important tool to ensure that the AC power grid can be safe, high quality and economical.
  • the active real-time scheduling method of the existing AC power grid is usually based on the DC power flow equation to establish a linear model of power generation active real-time scheduling to obtain the real-time scheduling result of the node active power of the generator.
  • the disadvantage is that the DC power flow equation ignores the loss of the AC power network.
  • the DC power flow equation does not contain a reference node (which is a node whose artificially specified node voltage phase is set to zero), so that the node active power of the generator connected to the reference node is treated differently (ie The method is asymmetrical), and the loss introduced into the AC power grid in the linear model of real-time power generation and dispatching simulation will result in non-unique results (ie, violation of the circuit electromagnetic field law); the linear model of real-time power generation active scheduling is not suitable for new energy use.
  • a reference node which is a node whose artificially specified node voltage phase is set to zero
  • the customer needs to participate in the scheduling; the improved method of introducing the loss of the AC power network in the linear model of real-time power generation and dispatching is usually implemented by a constant network loss coefficient (loss coefficient of the AC power network), which does not apply to the node power of the electric customer.
  • a constant network loss coefficient loss coefficient of the AC power network
  • the active real-time scheduling method of the existing AC power network is not suitable for the application of electric customer participation.
  • the demand and the difficulty of accounting for the loss of the AC power grid, and the model asymmetry and the result violate the circuit electromagnetic field law, can not effectively guarantee the real-time security, quality and economic operation of the AC power grid.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a symmetric method for real-time power generation and active power dispatching of an AC power grid, which aims to solve the problem of unsuitable application of electric customer participation scheduling in the existing active power dispatching method of the AC power network.
  • the loss of the AC power grid, and the model asymmetry and the result violate the circuit electromagnetic field law, can not effectively guarantee the real-time safety, quality and economic operation of the AC power grid.
  • the present invention is achieved by a symmetric method for real-time scheduling of power generation and active power usage of an AC power grid, which includes the following steps:
  • the real-time scheduling result of the active power of the node with the power customer.
  • a linear function relationship and branch of the active power of the branch transmission with respect to the phase of the node voltage is established by a known nonlinear power network parameter, a nonlinear function of the active power transmitted by the branch in the AC power network, and an operating characteristic of the AC power network.
  • the road safety constraint linear condition and then according to the linear function relationship between the active power transmitted by the branch and the node voltage phase, and the node active power of the generator and the power customer establish the node active power and branch transmission node of the generator and the power customer.
  • the bidding information of the electric customer establishes the symmetric linear model of the real-time dispatching of the power generation and the active power consumption of the electric power network.
  • the real-time power consumption of the AC power grid and the real-time power dispatching of the AC power grid are used to obtain the real-time power of the node of the power producer and the customer.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an implementation of a symmetric method for real-time scheduling of power generation and active power usage of an AC power network according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a general model of an AC power network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a symmetric method for real-time scheduling of power generation and active power usage of an AC power grid, which includes the following steps:
  • the real-time scheduling result of the active power of the node of the power producer and the power customer is obtained according to the symmetric linear model of the power generation and the active power dispatching of the power grid.
  • a linear function relationship and branch of the active power of the branch transmission with respect to the phase of the node voltage is established by a known nonlinear power network parameter, a nonlinear function of the active power transmitted by the branch in the AC power network, and an operating characteristic of the AC power network.
  • the road safety constraint linear condition and then according to the linear function relationship between the active power transmitted by the branch and the node voltage phase, and the node active power of the generator and the power customer establish the node active power and branch transmission node of the generator and the power customer.
  • the bidding information of the electricity supplier and the electricity customer establishes a symmetric linear model of the real-time dispatching of the power generation and the active power consumption of the power grid, and finally obtains the nodes of the power producer and the power customer according to the symmetric linear model of the real-time dispatch of the power generation and the active power usage of the AC power grid.
  • the real-time scheduling result of active power solves the need of the existing active power dispatching method of the existing AC power grid, the demand for the unsuitable application of the electric customer to participate in the dispatching, and the loss that is difficult to be included in the AC power grid, and the model asymmetry and the result violate the circuit electromagnetic field law.
  • the real-time safety, quality and economic operation of the AC power grid cannot be effectively guaranteed.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an implementation process of a symmetric method for real-time power generation and active power generation of an AC power network according to an embodiment of the present invention. For convenience of description, only parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown, which are described in detail as follows:
  • step S1 a linear function relationship of the active power of the branch transmission with respect to the phase of the node voltage and the safety of the branch are established according to the known AC power network parameters, the nonlinear function of the active power transmitted by the branch in the AC power network, and the operating characteristics of the AC power network. Constrains linear conditions.
  • Step S1 specifically includes:
  • the nonlinear function of the active power transmitted by the branch in the AC power network and the operating characteristics of the AC power network ie, the node voltage phase difference ⁇ i - ⁇ j at both ends of the AC power network is always close to Zero
  • the node here refers to the bus that runs independently in the AC power network
  • n is a natural number and is a known AC power network parameter
  • ij is a branch connected between node i and node j, referred to as branch ij
  • P ij is The active power transmitted by the branch ij from node i; ⁇ i and ⁇ j are the node voltage phases of node i and node j, respectively;
  • b ij is according to the formula
  • the calculated constant is similar in nature to the branch susceptance, where b ij is the pseudo-branch susceptance of the branch ij; where r ij and x ij are the resistance and reactance of the branch ij, respectively, and both Known
  • the linear condition of the branch safety constraint is established according to the following expression:
  • step S2 according to the linear function relationship between the active power transmitted by the branch and the phase voltage of the node and the active power of the node of the power producer and the power customer, the active power of the node active power and the branch transmission of the power generation and the power customer are established. Symmetric linear equilibrium equations.
  • Step S2 is specifically:
  • the active power of the node of the power producer and the power customer is established according to the following formula group. Symmetric linear equilibrium equations for the active power of the nodes transmitted by the branch:
  • G 1 , G i1 and G m are node active powers of the power generators located at node 1, node i1 and node m, respectively;
  • m is the total number of nodes in the AC power network where the generator is located, m is a natural number and is a known AC power network parameter;
  • D m+1 , D i2 and D n is the planned value of the active power of the node of the power customer located at node m+1, node i2 and node n, respectively, and D m+1 , D i2 and D n are known AC power network parameters;
  • D' m+ 1 , D′ i2 and D′ n are respectively a degradable value of the active power of the node of the power customer located at node m+1, node i
  • the linear equilibrium equations of the node active power of the node of the above-mentioned power producer and the power customer and the active power of the branch transmit not only the equations of all nodes of the AC power network, but also the equations of the nodes are the same, that is, all nodes are the same Treated, so called the symmetric linear equilibrium equations.
  • step S3 according to the branch safety constraint linear condition, the node active power of the power producer and the power customer, and the symmetric linear equilibrium equations of the node active power of the branch transmission, and the known bid information of the power producer and the power customer Establish a symmetric linear model of real-time scheduling of power generation and active power usage of AC power grids.
  • Step S3 is specifically as follows:
  • step S1 the node active power of the generator and the power customer established in step S2 and the symmetric linear balance of the node active power of the branch transmission
  • F is the cost of real-time scheduling of power generation and active power consumption of the AC power grid, which is a variable to be minimized, Min represents minimization;
  • d i1 is the unit power generation cost coefficient of the generator located at node i1. , which is the bid information of the known power producer;
  • e i2 is the adjusted cost coefficient of the small unit power of the power customer located at node i2, which is the bid information of the known power customer;
  • f i2 is located at node i2
  • the adjustment cost coefficient of the multi-purpose unit power of the electricity customer which is the bid information of the known power customer; with The power generation lower limit value and the power generation power upper limit value of the power generator at the node i1, respectively.
  • Both are bid information of known power producers; with The maximum value of the amount of electricity used and the amount of electricity used by the electricity customers located at node i2, respectively. with It is the bid information of the known electricity customer.
  • the linear model of the above-mentioned AC power grid for real-time dispatching of power generation and active power is included in the power generator.
  • the symmetric linear equilibrium equations of the active power of the nodes of the customer and the active power of the nodes transmitted by the branch so it is called the symmetric linear model of real-time scheduling of power generation and active power consumption of the AC power grid.
  • step S4 a real-time scheduling result of the active power of the node of the power producer and the power customer is obtained according to a symmetric linear model of the power generation and real-time scheduling of the active power consumption of the AC power network.
  • Step S4 is specifically:
  • the symmetric linear model of the power generation and active active power scheduling of the AC power network established in step S3 is solved to obtain the real-time scheduling result of the active power of the node of the power producer and the power customer.
  • the real-time scheduling result of the active power of the above-mentioned power producers and power customers is obtained based on the symmetric linear model of AC power generation and real-time scheduling of active power. Therefore, this acquisition method is called AC power generation and real-time active power.
  • the symmetric method of scheduling which adapts to the demand of the electricity customer to participate in the scheduling and accounts for the loss of the AC power network.
  • the model is symmetrical and the result follows the circuit electromagnetic field law, which can effectively guarantee the real-time safety, high quality and economic operation of the AC power network.
  • the linear function relationship of the active power of the branch transmission with respect to the phase of the node voltage is established according to the known AC power network parameters, the nonlinear function of the active power transmitted by the branch in the AC power network, and the operating characteristics of the AC power network.
  • the branch safety constraint linear condition and then based on the linear function of the active power transmitted by the branch with respect to the phase of the node voltage and the active power of the node of the generator and the customer, establish the active power and branch transmission of the node of the generator and the customer.
  • the symmetric linear model of the degree finally obtains the real-time scheduling result of the active power of the node of the generator and the power customer according to the symmetric linear model of the power generation and the active and active power dispatching of the AC power grid, and solves the active real-time scheduling method of the existing AC power network.
  • the existing unsuitable application of electric customer participation in scheduling and the difficulty of accounting for the loss of the AC power network, and the model asymmetry and the result violate the circuit electromagnetic field law, can not effectively guarantee the real-time security, high quality and economic operation of the AC power network.

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Abstract

一种交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法，其首先建立支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系和支路安全约束线性条件，然后建立发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组，再根据支路安全约束线性条件、所述对称线性平衡方程组及已知的发电商和用电客户的投标信息建立交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型，并以此获取发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果，该对称方法适应用电客户参与调度的需求并计入了交流电力网的损耗，其模型对称且结果遵循电路电磁场规律，能高效能地保障交流电力网的实时安全、优质及经济运行。

Description

交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法 技术领域
本发明属于电力工程领域，尤其涉及一种交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法。
背景技术
目前，交流电力网不仅需要有功实时调度才能确保实时功率平衡和频率质量，而且需要有功实时调度才能确保实时安全性和经济性。因此，交流电力网的有功实时调度方法是保证交流电力网能够安全、优质以及经济运行的重要工具。
现有的交流电力网的有功实时调度方法通常是基于直流潮流方程建立发电有功实时调度的线性模型以获取发电商的节点有功功率的实时调度结果，其缺点是：直流潮流方程忽略了交流电力网的损耗；直流潮流方程中不含参考节点(该参考节点是人为指定的节点电压相位被设置为零的一个节点)的功率平衡方程，使得与参考节点连接的发电商的节点有功功率被区别对待(即方法不对称)，而且在发电有功实时调度的线性模型中引入交流电力网的损耗进行模拟时还会导致结果不唯一(即违背电路电磁场规律)；发电有功实时调度的线性模型不适应新能源用电客户参与调度的需求；在发电有功实时调度的线性模型中引入交流电力网的损耗进行模拟的改进方法通常采用恒定的网损系数(交流电力网的损耗系数)实现，其不适应用电客户的节点功率不断变化的实际情况。因此，现有的交流电力网的有功实时调度方法不仅不适应用电客户参与调 度的需求和难以计入交流电力网的损耗，而且模型不对称和结果违背电路电磁场规律，不能高效地保障交流电力网的实时安全、优质和经济运行。
技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法，旨在解决现有的交流电力网的有功实时调度方法所存在的不适应用电客户参与调度的需求和难以计入交流电力网的损耗，且模型不对称和结果违背电路电磁场规律，不能高效地保障交流电力网的实时安全、优质和经济运行的问题。
技术解决方案
本发明是这样实现的，一种交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法，其包括以下步骤：
根据已知的交流电力网参数、交流电力网中支路传输的有功功率的非线性函数及交流电力网的运行特性建立支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系和支路安全约束线性条件；
根据支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系以及发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率建立发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组；
根据支路安全约束线性条件、发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组以及已知的发电商和用电客户的投标信息建立交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型；
根据交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型获取发电商 和用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果。
有益效果
在本发明中，通过根据已知的交流电力网参数、交流电力网中支路传输的有功功率的非线性函数及交流电力网的运行特性建立支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系和支路安全约束线性条件，再根据支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系以及发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率建立发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组，并根据支路安全约束线性条件、发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组以及已知的发电商和用电客户的投标信息建立交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型，最后根据交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型获取发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果，解决了现有的交流电力网的有功实时调度方法所存在的不适应用电客户参与调度的需求和难以计入交流电力网的损耗，且模型不对称和结果违背电路电磁场规律，不能高效地保障交流电力网的实时安全、优质和经济运行的问题。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法的实现流程图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的交流电力网通用模型的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明实施例提供了交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法，其包括以下步骤：
根据已知的交流电力网参数、交流电力网中支路传输的有功功率的非线性函数及交流电力网的运行特性建立支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系和支路安全约束线性条件；
根据支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系以及发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率建立发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组；
根据支路安全约束线性条件、发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组以及已知的发电商和用电客户的投标信息建立交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型；
根据交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型获取发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果。
在本发明中，通过根据已知的交流电力网参数、交流电力网中支路传输的有功功率的非线性函数及交流电力网的运行特性建立支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系和支路安全约束线性条件，再根据支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系以及发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率建立发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组，并根据支路安全约束线性条件、发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组以及已知的发 电商和用电客户的投标信息建立交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型，最后根据交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型获取发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果，解决了现有的交流电力网的有功实时调度方法所存在的不适应用电客户参与调度的需求和难以计入交流电力网的损耗，且模型不对称和结果违背电路电磁场规律，不能高效地保障交流电力网的实时安全、优质和经济运行的问题。
图1示出了本发明实施例提供的交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法的实现流程，为了便于说明，仅示出了与本发明实施例相关的部分，详述如下：
在步骤S1中，根据已知的交流电力网参数、交流电力网中支路传输有功功率的非线性函数及交流电力网的运行特性建立支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系和支路安全约束线性条件。
步骤S1具体包括：
根据已知的交流电力网参数、交流电力网中支路传输的有功功率的非线性函数和交流电力网的运行特性(即交流电力网中各支路两端的节点电压相位差θi-θj总是接近于零)，按照如下算式建立支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系式：
Pij＝-bij(θi-θj)
其中，如图2所示，i和j分别是交流电力网中任意两个节点的编号，i和j是自然数且i和j＝1，2…，n，n是交流电力网中节点的总个数(这里的节点是指交流电力网中独立运行的母线)，n是自然数且是已知的交流电力网参数；ij是连接在节点i和节点j之间的支路，简称支路ij；Pij是来自节点i的支路ij所传输的有功功率；θi和θj分别是节点i和节点j的节点电压相位；bij是按照算式
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000001
计算得到的常数，其性质类似支路电纳，此处称bij为支路ij的伪支路电纳；其中，rij和xij分别是支路ij的电阻和电抗，且均为已知的交流电力网参数；θ′i和θ′j分别是节点i和节点j的初始节点电压相位，且均为已知的交流电力网参数。
再根据支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系式和已知的交流电力网参数，按照如下表达式建立支路安全约束线性条件：
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000002
其中，
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000003
是支路ij传输的有功功率的上限值，其是已知的交流电力网参数。
在步骤S2中，根据支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系以及发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率建立发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组。
步骤S2具体为：
根据步骤S1中所建立的支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系式以及发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率，按照如下算式组建立发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组：
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000005
其中，如图2所示，G1、Gi1及Gm分别是位于节点1、节点i1及节点m的发 电商的节点有功功率；i1是交流电力网中发电商所在节点位置的节点的编号，i1是自然数且i1＝1，2…，m；m是交流电力网中发电商所在节点位置的节点的总个数，m是自然数且是已知的交流电力网参数；Dm+1、Di2及Dn分别是位于节点m+1、节点i2及节点n的用电客户的节点有功功率的计划值，Dm+1、Di2及Dn均是已知的交流电力网参数；D′m+1、D′i2及D′n分别是位于节点m+1、节点i2及节点n的用电客户的节点有功功率的可减小值；D″m+1、D″i2及D″n分别是位于节点m+1、节点i2及节点n的用电客户的节点有功功率的可增大值；i2是交流电力网中用电客户所在节点位置的节点的编号，i2是自然数且i2＝m+1，m+2…，n；θ1、θi1及θm分别是节点1、节点i1及节点m的节点电压相位；θm+1、θi2及θn分别是节点m+1、节点i2及节点n的节点电压相位；(cij)是伪支路电纳构成的交流电力网的全部节点的一个矩阵，其性质类似于节点电纳矩阵，此处称之为伪节点电纳矩阵；cij是伪节点电纳矩阵(cij)中第i行第j列的元素；bik是已知的支路ik的伪支路电纳。
上述发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的线性平衡方程组不仅包含了交流电力网的所有节点的方程，而且各个节点的方程结构相同，也就是说所有节点被同样对待，因此称之为对称线性平衡方程组。
在步骤S3中，根据支路安全约束线性条件、发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组以及已知的发电商和用电客户的投标信息建立交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型。
步骤S3具体为：
根据步骤S1中所建立的支路安全约束线性条件、步骤S2中所建立的发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方 程组以及已知的发电商和用电客户的投标信息，按照如下算式组建立交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型：
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000006
其中，如图2所示，F是交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的成本，其是有待最小化的变量，Min表示最小化；di1是位于节点i1的发电商的单位发电成本系数，其是已知的发电商的投标信息；ei2是位于节点i2的用电客户的少用单位电量的调节成本系数，其是已知的用电客户的投标信息；fi2是位于节点i2的用电客户的多用单位电量的调节成本系数，其是已知的用电客户的投标信息；
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000007
和
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000008
分别是位于节点i1的发电商的发电功率下限值和发电功率上限值，
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000009
和
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000010
均是已知的发电商的投标信息；
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000011
和
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000012
分别是位于节点i2的用电客户所允许的少用电量和多用电量的最大值，
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000013
和
Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-000014
是已知的用电客户的投标信息。
上述交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的线性模型中包含了发电商 和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组，因此称之为交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型。
在步骤S4中，根据交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型获取发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果。
步骤S4具体为：
根据线性规划内点法对步骤S3所建立的交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型进行求解以获取发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果。其中，Gi1(i1＝1，2…，m)就是位于节点i1的发电商的节点有功功率的实时调度结果，Di2+D″i2-D′i2(i2＝m+1，m+2…，n)就是位于节点i2的用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果。
上述发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果是基于交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型获取的，因此称这种获取方法为交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法，该方法适应用电客户参与调度的需求并计入了交流电力网的损耗，其模型对称且结果遵循电路电磁场规律，能高效能地保障交流电力网的实时安全、优质及经济运行。
在本发明实施例中，通过根据已知的交流电力网参数、交流电力网中支路传输的有功功率的非线性函数及交流电力网的运行特性建立支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系和支路安全约束线性条件，再根据支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系以及发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率建立发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组，并根据支路安全约束线性条件、发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组以及已知的发电商和用电客户的投标信息建立交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调 度的对称线性模型，最后根据交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型获取发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果，解决了现有的交流电力网的有功实时调度方法所存在的不适应用电客户参与调度的需求和难以计入交流电力网的损耗，且模型不对称和结果违背电路电磁场规律，不能高效地保障交流电力网的实时安全、优质和经济运行的问题。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法，其特征在于，所述交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法包括以下步骤：
    根据已知的交流电力网参数、交流电力网中支路传输的有功功率的非线性函数及交流电力网的运行特性建立支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系和支路安全约束线性条件；
    根据支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系以及发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率建立发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组；
    根据支路安全约束线性条件、发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组以及已知的发电商和用电客户的投标信息建立交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型；
    根据交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型获取发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法，其特征在于，所述根据已知的交流电力网参数、交流电力网中支路传输的有功功率的非线性函数和交流电力网的运行特性建立支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系和支路安全约束线性条件的步骤包括以下步骤：
    根据已知的交流电力网参数、交流电力网中支路传输的有功功率的非线性函数和交流电力网的运行特性，按照如下算式建立支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系式：
    Pij＝-bij(θi-θj)
    其中，i和j分别是交流电力网中任意两个节点的编号，i和j是自然数且i和j＝1，2…，n，n是交流电力网中节点的总个数，n是自然数且是已知的交流电力网参数；ij是连接在节点i和节点j之间的支路；Pij是来自节点i的支路ij所传输的有功功率；θi和θj分别是节点i和节点j的节点电压相位；bij是按照算式
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100001
    计算得到的常数，其为支路ij的伪支路电纳；其中，rij和xij分别是支路ij的电阻和电抗，且均为已知的交流电力网参数；θ′i和θ′j分别是节点i和节点j的初始节点电压相位，且均为已知的交流电力网参数；
    再根据支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系式和已知的交流电力网参数，按照如下表达式建立支路安全约束线性条件：
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100002
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100003
    是支路ij传输的有功功率的上限值，其是已知的交流电力网参数。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法，其特征在于，所述根据支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系以及发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率建立发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组的步骤具体为：
    根据支路传输的有功功率关于节点电压相位的线性函数关系式以及发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率，按照如下算式组建立发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组：
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100004
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100005
    其中，G1、Gi1及Gm分别是位于节点1、节点i1及节点m的发电商的节点有功功率；i1是交流电力网中发电商所在节点位置的节点的编号，i1是自然数且i1＝1，2…，m；m是交流电力网中发电商所在节点位置的节点的总个数，m是自然数且是已知的交流电力网参数；Dm+1、Di2及Dn分别是位于节点m+1、节点i2及节点n的用电客户的节点有功功率的计划值，Dm+1、Di2及Dn均是已知的交流电力网参数；D′m+1、D′i2及D′n分别是位于节点m+1、节点i2及节点n的用电客户的节点有功功率的可减小值；D″m+1、D″12及D″n分别是位于节点m+1、节点i2及节点n的用电客户的节点有功功率的可增大值；i2是交流电力网中用电客户所在节点位置的节点的编号，i2是自然数且i2＝m+1，m+2…，n；θ1、θi1及θm分别是节点1、节点i1及节点m的节点电压相位；θm+1、θi2及θn分别是节点m+1、节点i2及节点n的节点电压相位；(cij)为伪节点电纳矩阵；cij是伪节点电纳矩阵(cij)中第i行第j列的元素；bik是已知的支路ik的伪支路电纳。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法，其特征在于，所述根据支路安全约束线性条件、发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组以及已知的发电商和用电客户的投标信息建立交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型的步骤具体为：
    根据支路安全约束线性条件、发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率与支路传输的节点有功功率的对称线性平衡方程组以及已知的发电商和用电客户的投标信息，按照如下算式组建立交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型：
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100006
    其中，F是交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的成本，其是有待最小化的变量，Min表示最小化；di1是位于节点i1的发电商的单位发电成本系数，其是已知的发电商的投标信息；ei2是位于节点i2的用电客户的少用单位电量的调节成本系数，其是已知的用电客户的投标信息；fi2是位于节点i2的用电客户的多用单位电量的调节成本系数，其是已知的用电客户的投标信息；
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100007
    和
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100008
    分别是位于节点i1的发电商的发电功率下限值和发电功率上限值，
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100009
    和
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100010
    均是已知的发电商的投标信息；
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100011
    和
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100012
    分别是位于节点i2的用电客户所允许的少用电量和多用电量的最大值，
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100013
    和
    Figure PCTCN2014091413-appb-100014
    是已知的用电客户的投标信息。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称方法，其特征在于，所述根据交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型获取发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果的步骤具体为：
    根据线性规划内点法对交流电力网的发电和用电有功实时调度的对称线性模型进行求解以获取发电商和用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果；
    其中，Gi1是位于节点i1的发电商的节点有功功率的实时调度结果，Di2+D″12-D′12是位于节点i2的用电客户的节点有功功率的实时调度结果。
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