Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
  • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
  • B63G8/28—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment
  • B63G8/34—Camouflage
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
  • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
  • B63G8/08—Propulsion
  • B63G8/12—Propulsion using internal-combustion engines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
  • F01N1/06—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect
  • F01N1/065—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using interference effect by using an active noise source, e.g. speakers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
  • F01N13/004—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 specially adapted for marine propulsion, i.e. for receiving simultaneously engine exhaust gases and engine cooling water
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
  • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
  • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
  • G10K11/17857—Geometric disposition, e.g. placement of microphones
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
  • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
  • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
  • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
  • G10K11/17875—General system configurations using an error signal without a reference signal, e.g. pure feedback
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
  • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
  • F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K2200/00—Details of methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general
  • G10K2200/11—Underwater, e.g. transducers for generating acoustic waves underwater
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
  • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
  • G10K2210/10—Applications
  • G10K2210/127—Underwater acoustics, e.g. for submarine

Definitions

• the invention relates to a submarine.
• DE 20 2012 012 724 U1 describes such a device for exhaust noise compensation, referred to therein as an "anti-noise system.”
• This device has a loudspeaker in fluid communication with an end piece of an exhaust system The airborne sound emitted by the loudspeaker is directed into the exhaust system is and there superimposed on the exhaust sound, is controlled by a control device in such a way that it is always amplitude and frequency equal to the exhaust sound and to this 180 ° out of phase, so that the superposition of the airborne sound produced by the sound generator with the exhaust sound at best
• the control device for the sound generator is inter alia connected to an error microphone, which is arranged close to the coupling of the generated by the speaker noise in the exhaust system to the exhaust system.
• the object of the invention is to provide a submarine in which the exhaust sound generated by an internal combustion engine is eliminated as completely as possible.
• the submarine according to the invention which is preferably a military submarine, has at least one internal combustion engine with an exhaust pipe connected thereto.
• the internal combustion engine may generally be any internal combustion engine used in a submarine.
• this internal combustion engine is a diesel engine, which is connected upstream of a generator used for charging a battery system.
• the exhaust pipe ends in an area of the submarine that is below the waterline when the submarine is snorkeling.
• the waterline means the line resulting from the intersection of the water surface with the submarine's snorkel protruding from the water. That is, the exhaust pipe terminates at the submarine in an area that is below the water surface during snorkeling.
• the submarine is equipped alternatively or in addition to a built-in exhaust pipe absorption silencer with a device for exhaust noise compensation.
• This device has a sound generator in operative connection with the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine.
• the sound generator may be inexpensive to a commercial electromagnetic or piezoelectric sound generator with a vibrating diaphragm.
• This sound generator is used to generate a frequency and the same amplitude to the exhaust sound, but phase-shifted by 180 ° back-noise, which largely completely compensates for the exhaust sound and at best.
• the sound generator is preferably arranged in the pressure hull of the submarine in or on a line connection, which expediently forms a transmission path for airborne sound that is open towards the exhaust gas line.
• the device for exhaust noise compensation on a control device.
• This control device is signal-connected to the sound generator and controls the sound output of the sound generator. Contrary to what is known from the prior art, the control of the antinoise emitted by the sound generator does not take place on the basis of that after the coupling in of the antinoise sound
• the exhaust pipe resulting exhaust noise through a microphone disposed in the exhaust pipe, but on the basis of the water caused by the exhaust sound water sound.
• the inventively provided device for exhaust noise compensation on a hydrophone This is signal-connected to the control device of the device for exhaust noise compensation and detects exactly the noise that propagates in the water over long distances and without the compensation of the sound generator emitted counter sound would lead to a location of the submarine. It has been found that the waterborne sound is significantly reduced and at best extinguished by the control of the background noise emitted by the sound generator on the basis of the hydrophone detected by the hydrophone
• all sound receivers can be used, which can detect water sound at least in the frequency range, which is caused by the exhaust sound, is expected during operation of the internal combustion engine of the submarine, and also at the largest possible depth of the submarine pressure resistant.
• hydrophones of the type can be used, as they are used in the sonar systems of submarines.
• the location of the hydrophone on the submarine according to the invention is typically such that the hydrophone is in direct contact with the submarine's water environment.
• the hydrophone is located near an outlet opening of the exhaust pipe of the submarine, at which the exhaust pipe discharges on the outside of the submarine.
• the distance of the hydrophone from the outlet opening is preferably less than one meter from the outlet opening. This is useful insofar as the waterborne sound caused by the exhaust noise has not yet undergone any appreciable attenuation in this distance range from the outlet opening.
• the hydrophone is preferably arranged within a water-flooded area of the submarine enclosed by an outer skin of the submarine. That is to say that the hydrophone is covered in the direction of the outer environment of the submarine on the outside by an outer skin, which lines up the pressure hull of the submarine and / or structures of the submarine formed on the pressure hull in a streamlined manner.
• the hydrophone itself thus does not affect the flow characteristics of the submarine, but is protected by the outer skin from external influences.
• the cover of the hydrophone through the outer skin is possible insofar as that the trim parts, which form the outer skin of the submarine, are usually comparatively thin-walled and made of a fiber composite material and preferably CFRP, which only insignificantly dampens the woofer sound caused by the exhaust sound ,
• the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine is suitably guided through the wall of the pressure hull of the submarine and preferably ends at the outside of the submarine formed by an outer skin.
• Preferred in this context is an embodiment, in which the exhaust pipe opens in the tower of the submarine and here preferably in an upper region of the tower, so that the exhaust gas generated by the engine of the submarine is discharged in snorkelling of the submarine in comparatively shallow depth, where the back pressure generated by the water on the exhaust gas still relatively low.
• the hydrophone is also arranged in the region of the tower and there advantageously in the immediate vicinity of the mouth of the exhaust pipe.
• the exhaust pipe is not passed through a pressure-resistant part of the tower, such as a pressure-resistant manhole of the submarine formed in the tower, but extends in the tower in one of an outer skin, i.
• Tower cladding surrounds the tower, which is flooded with water during the dive trip of the submarine.
• the hydrophone in this water-flooded area of the tower and there preferably located in close proximity to the mouth of the exhaust pipe, where it is covered by the outside of the tower cladding skin in the direction of the water environment of the submarine at dive.
• the sound generator of the device for exhaust noise compensation is preferably arranged in or on a cross tube, which is connected to the exhaust pipe between the engine and the outlet opening of the exhaust pipe.
• the sound generator, as well as the control device for controlling the sound output of the sound generator disposed within the pressure body.
• the transverse line, in or on which the sound generator is arranged preferably connected in a region of the exhaust pipe, which is located within the pressure hull of the submarine.
• the invention is under a cross pipe next to a pipe which is aligned normal to the exhaust pipe is also an obliquely aligned to the exhaust pipe to understand, which may optionally consist of several interconnected pipe sections.
• the invention is explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in a drawing.
• the drawing shows a schematically simplified schematic diagram of a submarine shown in a cross-sectional view.
• the submarine is shown in snorkeling below a water surface 2.
• This submarine has an internal combustion engine 4, which is arranged in a pressure body 6 of the submarine.
• the internal combustion engine 4 is a diesel engine, which is connected upstream of a generator used for charging a battery system.
• the generator and the battery system which are not relevant to the invention and may be formed in a known manner, are not shown in the drawing for reasons of clarity.
• an air supply line 8 is connected, which communicates with an air supply mast 10, which is extendable from a above the pressure hull 6 arranged tower 12 of the submarine when snorkeling up above the water surface.
• an exhaust pipe 14 is connected to the engine 4. This has a substantially in the vertical direction through the wall of the pressure hull 6 in the tower 12 extending portion 16, to which in a side facing away from the pressure body 6 upper portion of the tower 12 is followed by a substantially normal aligned portion 18.
• the air supply line 8 and the exhaust pipe 14 are guided within the tower 12 in a water-flooded area 20 of the tower 12, which is bounded on its outside by an outer skin 22, which forms an outer lining of the tower 12.
• the exhaust pipe 14 opens at an outlet opening 24 on the outer skin 22.
• the exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine 4 is discharged during snorkeling of the submarine in the outer water environment of the submarine.
• an exhaust gas sound 26 causes the output opening 24 a water sound 28th
• the submarine is equipped with a device 30 for exhaust noise compensation.
• This device 30 has a sound generator 32 which in the interior of the pressure body 6 via a connected to the exhaust pipe 14 cross tube 34 with the
• Exhaust pipe 14 is operatively connected.
• the airborne sound emitted by the sound generator 32 is conducted through the cross pipe 34 to the exhaust pipe 14 and is superimposed there on the exhaust sound 26, whereby the exhaust sound is at least largely compensated.
• the sound generator 32 is signal-connected via a line 38 to a control device 36 arranged in the pressure element 6. To determine whether an adjustment or to what extent a
• a hydrophone 40 is used, which detects the water sound 28 caused by the exhaust sound 26.
• the hydrophone 40 is located within the water-flooded area 20 of the tower 12 and there in close proximity to the outlet opening 24 of the exhaust pipe 14, wherein it from the Shell 22 is covered outside the submarine's water environment. About a guided through the wall of the pressure hull 6
• the hydrophone 40 is signal-connected to the controller 36.
• the hydrophone 40 detects the after the superposition of the exhaust sound 26 with the emitted air from the sound generator 32 airborne sound 26, on the basis of the sound generator 32 is controlled by the controller 36 such that the emitted air from the sound generator 32 always amplitude and frequency equal to the exhaust sound and this is phase-shifted by 180 °, so that the superposition of the airborne sound generated by the sound generator 24 with the exhaust sound at best leads to a complete extinction of the exhaust sound 26.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
• Multimedia (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Citations (3)

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• 2014
  • 2014-10-21 DE DE102014221323.1A patent/DE102014221323B4/de active Active
• 2015
  • 2015-10-15 WO PCT/EP2015/073855 patent/WO2016062602A1/de active Application Filing

Patent Citations (3)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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