WO2016041316A1 - 一种木塑包覆实木复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种木塑包覆实木复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016041316A1
WO2016041316A1 PCT/CN2015/072178 CN2015072178W WO2016041316A1 WO 2016041316 A1 WO2016041316 A1 WO 2016041316A1 CN 2015072178 W CN2015072178 W CN 2015072178W WO 2016041316 A1 WO2016041316 A1 WO 2016041316A1
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Prior art keywords
wood
solid wood
composite material
plastic
plastic coated
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PCT/CN2015/072178
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王清文
王小玉
黄浪
郝笑龙
王海刚
易欣
王伟宏
宋魁彦
Original Assignee
东北林业大学
王清文
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Application filed by 东北林业大学, 王清文 filed Critical 东北林业大学
Publication of WO2016041316A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016041316A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L101/00Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/08Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L97/00Compositions of lignin-containing materials
    • C08L97/02Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wood plastic coated solid wood composite material and a preparation method thereof.
  • Wood-plastic composite materials are produced by using wood and fiber materials such as plastic and wood processing residues and orange stalks as the main raw materials. They are waterproof, moisture-proof, anti-corrosive, anti-corrosive, hard, non-cracking, heat-insulating, beautiful and durable, green. There are outstanding advantages such as environmental protection, but there are shortcomings such as low toughness and creep, which limits its application in load-bearing structural materials and other fields. Fast-growing plantation wood is a sustainable material with high modulus of elasticity, high strength-to-weight ratio and excellent impact resistance. However, it has the disadvantages of hygroscopic deformation, perishable worms and low surface hardness.
  • the invention patent No. 201310494898 discloses a wood-plastic solid wood composite door and window, which adopts a wood-plastic solid wood composite profile, but does not involve the solidity of the combination of wood-plastic composite material and solid wood material and the sealing problem of the profile end.
  • the invention is to solve the problem that the prior art wood-plastic composite material and the solid wood material have poor firmness and the end of the profile is not closed, thereby solving the problem that the wood-plastic composite material is easy to creep, low toughness and wood material is easy to decay, It is easy to absorb moisture and break easily, thus providing a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material and a preparation method thereof.
  • a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material of the present invention is made of a wood-plastic composite coated solid wood core; the side surface of the solid wood core is provided with a groove.
  • a method for preparing a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material of the present invention is completed by the following steps:
  • the wood-plastic composite material is coated on the surface of the solid wood core obtained in the first step and the wood
  • the plastic composite material is filled into the groove of the side surface of the solid wood core to obtain a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite profile;
  • the wood plastic composite material is used to seal the two end faces of the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite profile obtained in the second step to obtain a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material.
  • the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material prepared by the invention combines the performance advantages of the wood-plastic composite material and the solid wood material, and overcomes their respective shortcomings, is not easy to be deformed, has high mechanical strength and good impact resistance. , anti-corrosion and waterproof, heat insulation, beautiful and durable, green and environmentally friendly, can be used for the manufacture of doors and windows, furniture, and high-performance materials such as load-bearing structural materials.
  • the compatibility of wood-plastic composite materials with wood is low, so it is difficult to form a strong wood/wood-plastic composite material interface.
  • the invention processes the groove on the surface of the solid wood core material, so that the wood-plastic composite material melt is tightly filled in the groove under the action of pressure during the co-extrusion process, and forms a strong mechanical bond after cooling and solidification. ⁇
  • the total surface friction is enhanced by the increase of the contact area, so that the effective combination of wood-plastic composite material and solid wood material is realized.
  • the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material of the invention has a strong combination of the wood-plastic composite material and the solid wood material, and is not easy to be separated in the long-term use process and the environmental temperature change, and the structure and material property are stable.
  • the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material profile is exposed to the environment, if the solid wood core is exposed, the wood plastic composite material and the solid wood material may be damaged due to the moisture absorption and swelling of the wood material and the shrinkage after drying.
  • the invention adopts the method of bonding or welding, and the wood-plastic composite material sheet is tightly combined on the end of the profile and sealed, so that the solid wood core is isolated from the outside world, does not contact with water vapor, dirt, etc., so as to give full play to the wood plastic.
  • the composite material is waterproof, moisture-proof, anti-corrosive and anti-mite.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dovetail groove of a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a groove of a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material having a square groove according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material provided with a notch according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material provided with a plurality of notches according to the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material obtained in the third embodiment.
  • a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material is made of a wood-plastic composite material coated with a solid wood core; and a side surface of the solid wood core is provided with a groove.
  • Embodiment 2 This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that: the solid wood core is obtained by processing a groove on a side surface of a solid wood, wherein the solid wood is sawing wood, planed wood, finger joint material. , Glulam, veneer lumber, reconstituted wood, reconstituted bamboo, modified wood, glued wood or compressed wood. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • Embodiment 3 This embodiment differs from the specific embodiment by one or two: the groove is a dovetail groove or a square groove. Others are the same as the specific embodiment one or two.
  • Embodiment 4 differs from the specific embodiments 1 to 3 in that: the wood-plastic composite material is composed of 15 to 55 parts of thermoplastics, 45 to 85 parts of wood fiber material, 0.1 to 9 parts by mass. The interface is compatible with ij, 0.1 ⁇ 6 parts of lubricating ij, 0 ⁇ 5 parts of coloring agent, 0.1 ⁇ 3 parts of anti-aging agent, 0 ⁇ 7 parts of heat stabilizer, 0 ⁇ 20 parts of flame retardant and 0 ⁇ 20 parts Mineral filler composition. Others are the same as the specific embodiments one to three.
  • thermoplastic is a polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.
  • thermoplastic is a mixture of one or more of polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, maleic anhydride graft modified product, thermoplastic is a raw material And a mixture of the raw material and the recycled material;
  • the lignocellulosic material is one or a mixture of wood fiber powder, bamboo fiber powder, hemp fiber powder and orange stalk fiber powder;
  • the agent is a mixture of one or a mixture of an aluminate coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent, a maleic anhydride grafted polyolefin and an isocyanate;
  • the lubricant is a polyethylene wax, a polypropylene wax, a paraffin wax And one or a mixture of several of stearic acid, zinc stearate and calcium stearate;
  • the coloring agent is iron oxide, titanium dioxide, carbon black
  • the anti-aging agent is UV absorber UV-9, UV absorber UV-P, UV absorber UV-326, UV absorber UV327, UV absorber UV328, UV absorber UV329, UV absorber UV531, antioxidant tetrakis[ ⁇ -(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate] pentaerythritol ester, ⁇ -(3,5 -Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid n-octadecyl ester, antioxidant 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, antioxidant 2,2'-methylene - double (4-methyl-6 -tert-butylphenol), antioxidant tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite and 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol) a mixture
  • Embodiment 6 The preparation method of the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material of the embodiment is completed by the following steps:
  • the wood-plastic composite material is coated on the surface of the solid wood core obtained in the first step, and the wood-plastic composite material is filled into the groove of the side surface of the solid wood core to obtain the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite.
  • the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite profile obtained in the second step is sealed by using a wood-plastic composite material to obtain a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material.
  • Embodiment 7 This embodiment differs from Embodiment 6 in the following steps: In the first step, the solid wood is sawing wood, planed wood, finger joint material, laminated timber, veneer lumber, and reconstituted wood. , recombinant bamboo, modified wood, rubberized wood or compressed wood. Others are the same as in the sixth embodiment.
  • Embodiment 8 This embodiment differs from the specific embodiment 6 or 7.
  • the wood-plastic composite material in the second step is composed of 15 to 55 parts of thermoplastics and 45 to 85 parts of wood fiber materials in parts by mass.
  • Others are the same as the specific embodiment six or seven
  • Embodiment 9 This embodiment differs from one of Embodiments 6 to 8 in that: the cross section of the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite profile in the second step perpendicular to the extrusion direction is a rectangle, a polygon, and a circle. One or a combination of several of a shape, a semicircle, and an ellipse. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments six to eight.
  • Embodiment 10 This embodiment differs from one of the specific embodiments 6 to 9 in: Step 2
  • the cross-section of the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite profile perpendicular to the extrusion direction is provided with notches, the number of which is one or more. Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 6 to 9.
  • Embodiment 11 This embodiment differs from the specific embodiment in that: the side of the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite profile in the second step is provided with a chamber or a protrusion composed of a wood-plastic composite material. The number is one or more. Others are the same as the tenth embodiment.
  • Embodiment 12 This embodiment differs from one of Embodiments 6 to 11 in that: the two end faces of the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite profile obtained in the second step are sealed in the third step.
  • Others are the same as one of the specific embodiments 6 to 11.
  • Embodiment 1 A method for preparing a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material is completed according to the following steps: [0030] 1. Processing a groove on a side surface of the solid wood to obtain a solid wood core;
  • the wood-plastic composite material is coated on the surface of the solid wood core obtained in the first step, and the wood-plastic composite material is filled into the groove on the side surface of the solid wood core to obtain the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite.
  • the solid wood in step 1 is a scotch pine slab; the groove is a dovetail groove;
  • the wood-plastic composite material in the second step is composed of 35 parts of thermoplastics, 65 parts of lignocellulosic materials, by mass,
  • interface compatibilizer 4 parts of interface compatibilizer, 3 parts of lubricant, 2 parts of colorant, 0.5 part of anti-aging agent, 2 parts of heat stabilizer, 15 parts of flame retardant and 6 parts of light calcium carbonate powder;
  • the method for sealing the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite profile obtained in the second step in the step 3 is to heat-press the wood-plastic composite material melt on the two end faces of the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite profile and then cool. Stereotype.
  • Embodiment 2 This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that: the cross section of the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite profile in the second step perpendicular to the extrusion direction is semi-circular. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • Embodiment 3 A method for preparing a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material is completed by the following steps: [0039] First, processing the notch and the groove on the side surface of the solid wood to obtain a solid wood core;
  • the wood-plastic composite material is coated on the surface of the solid wood core obtained in the first step, and the wood-plastic composite material is filled into the groove of the side surface of the solid wood core, and the same under the constraint of the mold
  • the solid wood core is covered by the wood-plastic composite material to form a wood-plastic recess, a chamber and a protrusion, and a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material is obtained;
  • the solid wood in the first step is a scotch pine slab; the groove is a dovetail groove;
  • the wood-plastic composite material in the second step comprises, by mass, 35 parts of thermoplastic, 65 parts of lignocellulosic material, 4 parts of interfacial compatibilizer, 3 parts of lubricant, 2 parts of coloring agent, 0.5 part of anti-aging agent, 2 parts heat stabilizer, 15 parts flame retardant and 6 parts light calcium carbonate powder.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a groove of a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material of the present invention as a dovetail groove
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a groove of a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material having a square groove according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material provided with a notch according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material provided with a plurality of notches according to the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material obtained in the third embodiment.
  • the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material of the invention has the dual advantages of wood-plastic composite material and solid wood material, has high mechanical strength, good impact resistance, is not easy to creep and crack, anti-corrosion and waterproof, heat insulation, beautiful and durable, and environmental protection. It can be used for high-performance materials such as interior and exterior decoration, garden landscape, doors and windows, furniture, transportation, and load-bearing structural materials.
  • the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material of the present invention may be a solid core material of various cross-sectional shapes, used as a long span planking, railing, handrail, column and beam, etc., and other for strength, rigidity, waterproof, Moisture-proof, anti-corrosive and non-polluting applications such as suspension bridges, plank roads, wooden structures, solid wood doors, outdoor furniture, large-span landscape structures, etc.
  • the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material of the invention has a solid combination of the wood plastic material and the solid wood material, and is not easily damaged under the severe conditions such as long-term use and drastic changes in the ambient temperature, and has good dimensional stability and durability.
  • the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material of the invention is used for the profile of wood-plastic solid wood products such as glass doors and windows, and the outstanding advantages are waterproof, moisture-proof, anti-corrosion, non-deformation, heat insulation, energy saving, environmental protection, durability .
  • the complex cross-sectional shape of the profile is mainly completed by extrusion molding of the wood-plastic composite material, and the wood is directly used without cutting it into a complicated cross-sectional shape, thereby greatly improving the utilization rate of the wood, thereby reducing the cost. , save resources.
  • the wood-plastic coated solid wood composite material of the invention is green and environmentally friendly, and the material can be recycled after being discarded.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract

一种木塑包覆实木复合材料,是由木塑复合材料包覆实木芯通过共挤出的方法制成,其中实木侧表面加工有凹槽,两端用木塑复合材料密封,该木塑包覆实木复合材料用于门窗、家具的制造,也可用作承重结构材料,能解决现有技术木塑复合材料与实木材料相结合的牢固性差以及型材端头未封闭的问题,进而解决木塑复合材料易蠕变、韧性低以及实木材料易腐朽、易吸湿变形、易开裂的问题。

Description

说明书 发明名称:一种木塑包覆实木复合材料及其制备方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种木塑包覆实木复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
[0002] 木塑复合材料采用塑料和木材加工剩余物、 桔秆等木质纤维材料为主要原料进 行生产, 具有防水防潮、 防腐防蛀、 硬度大、 不幵裂、 隔热保温、 美观耐用、 绿色环保等突出优点, 然而存在韧性低、 易蠕变等缺点, 限制了其在承重结构 材料等领域的应用。 速生人工林木材是可持续发展的材料, 其弹性模量大、 强 重比高、 抗冲击性能优异, 然而存在易吸湿变形、 易腐朽虫蛀以及表面硬度低 等缺点。 将木塑复合材料与人工林木材的优势相结合, 扬长避短, 制备木塑实 木复合材料, 可有效提高材料的综合性能。 然而, 木塑复合材料的极性低, 难 以与极性高的实木材料形成良好的界面结合。 申请号为 201310494898的发明专 利公幵了一种木塑实木复合门窗, 采用了木塑实木复合型材, 但是未涉及木塑 复合材料与实木材料相结合的牢固性以及型材端头的封闭问题。 技术问题
[0003] 本发明是要解决现有技术木塑复合材料与实木材料相结合的牢固性差以及型材 端头未封闭的问题, 进而解决木塑复合材料易蠕变、 韧性低以及实木材料易腐 朽、 易吸湿变形、 易幵裂的问题, 从而提供一种木塑包覆实木复合材料及其制 备方法。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 本发明一种木塑包覆实木复合材料是由木塑复合材料包覆实木芯制成; 所述实 木芯的侧表面设置有凹槽。
[0005] 本发明一种木塑包覆实木复合材料的制备方法是按以下步骤完成的:
[0006] 一、 在实木的侧表面加工凹槽, 得到实木芯;
[0007] 二、 通过共挤出成型法将木塑复合材料包覆于步骤一得到的实木芯表面上且木 塑复合材料充填入实木芯侧表面的凹槽中, 得到木塑包覆实木复合型材;
[0008] 三、 采用木塑复合材料对步骤二得到的木塑包覆实木复合型材的两个端面进行 密封, 得到木塑包覆实木复合材料。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0009] 1、 本发明所制成的木塑包覆实木复合材料综合了木塑复合材料与实木材料的 性能优势, 同吋克服了各自的缺点, 不易变形、 力学强度高、 抗冲击性能好、 防腐防水、 隔热保温、 美观耐用、 绿色环保, 可用于门窗、 家具的制造, 以及 承重结构材料等高性能材料。
[0010] 2、 木塑复合材料与木材的相容性较低, 因此难以形成较强的木材 /木塑复合材 料界面结合。 本发明在实木芯材料表面加工出凹槽, 以便在共挤出过程中使木 塑复合材料熔体在压力的作用下紧密地填充于凹槽中, 冷却固化后形成强有力 的机械结合, 同吋由于接触面积的增大加强了总表面摩擦力, 从而实现木塑复 合材料与实木材料的有效结合。 本发明的木塑包覆实木复合材料, 木塑复合材 料与实木材料的结合牢固, 在长期使用过程中以及环境温度变化等情况下不易 产生分离, 结构和材性稳定。
[0011] 3、 当木塑包覆实木复合材料型材暴露于环境中吋, 如果实木芯暴露, 由于木 材易吸湿吸水膨胀和干燥后收缩, 可能造成木塑复合材料与实木材料结合的破 坏。 本发明采用胶接或者熔焊的方法, 将木塑复合材料片材紧密结合在型材的 端头上并实现密封, 使实木芯与外界隔绝, 不接触水汽、 污物等, 以充分发挥 木塑复合材料的防水防潮、 防腐防蛀等功能。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0012] 图 1为本发明的木塑包覆实木复合材料的凹槽为燕尾槽的横截面示意图; 图 2为 本发明的木塑包覆实木复合材料的凹槽为方形槽的横截面示意图; 图 3为本发明 的设置有一个凹口的木塑包覆实木复合材料的横截面示意图; 图 4为本发明的设 置有多个凹口的木塑包覆实木复合材料的横截面示意图; 图 5为实施例三得到的 木塑包覆实木复合材料的横截面示意图。 本发明的实施方式
[0013] 具体实施方式一: 本实施方式一种木塑包覆实木复合材料是由木塑复合材料包 覆实木芯制成; 所述实木芯的侧表面设置有凹槽。
[0014] 具体实施方式二: 本实施方式与具体实施方式一不同的是: 所述实木芯是在实 木的侧表面加工凹槽得到的, 其中实木为锯切实木、 刨光实木、 指接材、 集成 材、 单板层积材、 重组木、 重组竹、 改性木材、 胶压木或压缩木。 其他与具体 实施方式一相同。
[0015] 具体实施方式三: 本实施方式与具体实施方式一或二不同的是: 所述凹槽为燕 尾槽或方形槽。 其他与具体实施方式一或二相同。
[0016] 具体实施方式四: 本实施方式与具体实施方式一至三不同的是: 所述木塑复合 材料按质量份数由 15~55份热塑性塑料、 45~85份木质纤维材料、 0.1~9份界面相 容齐 ij、 0.1~6份润滑齐 ij、 0~5份着色剂、 0.1~3份抗老化剂、 0~7份热稳定剂、 0~20 份阻燃剂和 0~20份矿物质填料组成。 其他与具体实施方式一至三相同。
[0017] 具体实施方式五: 本实施方式与具体实施方式一至四之一不同的是: 所述的热 塑性塑料是聚丙烯、 聚乙烯、 聚苯乙烯、 丙烯腈 -丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物和聚氯乙 烯中一种或几种的混合物, 或者热塑性塑料是聚丙烯、 聚乙烯、 聚苯乙烯中的 一种或几种的混合物的马来酸酐接枝改性产物, 热塑性塑料为原生料、 再生料 或者原生料与再生料的混合物; 所述木质纤维材料为木纤维粉、 竹纤维粉、 麻 纤维粉和桔秆纤维粉中的一种或其中几种的混合物; 所述界面相容剂为铝酸酯 偶联剂、 钛酸酯偶联剂、 马来酸酐接枝聚烯烃和异氰酸酯中的一种或其中几种 的混合物; 所述润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡、 聚丙烯蜡、 石蜡、 硬脂酸、 硬脂酸锌和硬 脂酸钙中的一种或其中几种的混合物; 所述着色剂为氧化铁、 二氧化钛、 炭黑
、 酞青蓝和酞青绿中的一种或其中几种的混合物; 所述抗老化剂为紫外线吸收 剂 UV-9、 紫外线吸收剂 UV-P、 紫外线吸收剂 UV-326、 紫外线吸收剂 UV327、 紫 外线吸收剂 UV328、 紫外线吸收剂 UV329、 紫外线吸收剂 UV531、 抗氧剂四 [β-(3 ,5-二叔丁基 -4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、 β-(3,5-二叔丁基 -4-羟基苯基)丙酸正 十八烷醇酯、 抗氧剂 2,6-二叔丁基 -4-甲基苯酚、 抗氧剂 2,2'-亚甲基-双 (4-甲基 -6 -叔丁基苯酚) 、 抗氧剂三 (2,4-二叔丁基苯基) 亚磷酸酯和 4,4'-硫代双 (6-叔丁 基 -3-甲基苯酚) 中的一种或其中几种的混合物; 所述热稳定剂是二月桂酸二丁 基锡、 二月桂酸二辛基锡、 马来酸二烷基锡、 双 (马来酸单丁酯) 二丁基锡、 马来酸二辛基锡、 二辛基锡双 (巯基乙酸异丁酯) 、 二辛基锡双 (巯基乙酸异 辛酯) 或钙锌热稳定剂; 所述阻燃剂为聚磷酸铵、 硼酸或偏硼酸、 八硼酸钠、 硼酸锌和可膨胀石墨中的一种或其中几种的混合物; 所述矿物质填料为碳酸钙 粉、 硅酸钙粉、 滑石粉和粉煤灰中的一种或其中几种的混合物。 其他与具体实 施方式一至四之一相同。
[0018] 具体实施方式六: 本实施方式一种木塑包覆实木复合材料的制备方法是按以下 步骤完成的:
[0019] 一、 在实木的侧表面加工凹槽, 得到实木芯;
[0020] 二、 通过共挤出成型法将木塑复合材料包覆于步骤一得到的实木芯表面上且木 塑复合材料充填入实木芯侧表面的凹槽中, 得到木塑包覆实木复合型材;
[0021] 三、 采用木塑复合材料对步骤二得到的木塑包覆实木复合型材进行密封, 得到 木塑包覆实木复合材料。
[0022] 具体实施方式七: 本实施方式与具体实施方式六不同的是: 步骤一中所述实木 为锯切实木、 刨光实木、 指接材、 集成材、 单板层积材、 重组木、 重组竹、 改 性木材、 胶压木或压缩木。 其他与具体实施方式六相同。
[0023] 具体实施方式八: 本实施方式与具体实施方式六或七不同的是: 步骤二中所述 木塑复合材料按质量份数由 15~55份热塑性塑料、 45~85份木质纤维材料、 0.1~9 份界面相容剂、 0.1~6份润滑剂、 0~5份着色剂、 0.1~3份抗老化剂、 0~7份热稳定 齐 ij、 0~20份阻燃剂和 0~20份矿物质填料组成。 其他与具体实施方式六或七相同
[0024] 具体实施方式九: 本实施方式与具体实施方式六至八之一不同的是: 步骤二中 所述木塑包覆实木复合型材垂直于挤出方向的横截面为矩形、 多边形、 圆形、 半圆形和椭圆形中的一种或其中几种的组合。 其他与具体实施方式六至八之一 相同。
[0025] 具体实施方式十: 本实施方式与具体实施方式六至九之一不同的是: 步骤二中 所述木塑包覆实木复合型材垂直于挤出方向的横截面设置有凹口, 其数目为一 个或多个。 其他与具体实施方式六至九之一相同。
[0026] 具体实施方式十一: 本实施方式与具体实施方式十不同的是: 步骤二中所述木 塑包覆实木复合型材的侧面设置有由木塑复合材料组成的腔室或凸起, 其数目 为一个或多个。 其他与具体实施方式十相同。
[0027] 具体实施方式十二: 本实施方式与具体实施方式六至十一之一不同的是: 步骤 三中所述对步骤二得到的木塑包覆实木复合型材的两个端面进行密封的方法分 为两种: ①采用胶接方法将木塑复合材料片材设置在木塑包覆实木复合型材的两 个端面上进行密封, 其中胶接用胶黏剂为丙烯酸酯树脂、 丙烯酸-聚氨酯、 环氧 树脂或聚氨酯胶黏剂; ②将木塑复合材料熔体热压于木塑包覆实木复合型材的两 个端面上密封后冷却定型。 其他与具体实施方式六至十一之一相同。
[0028] 采用下述实施例验证本发明效果:
[0029] 实施例一: 一种木塑包覆实木复合材料的制备方法是按以下步骤完成的: [0030] 一、 在实木的侧表面加工凹槽, 得到实木芯;
[0031] 二、 通过共挤出成型法将木塑复合材料包覆于步骤一得到的实木芯表面上且木 塑复合材料充填入实木芯侧表面的凹槽中, 得到木塑包覆实木复合型材;
[0032] 三、 采用木塑复合材料对步骤二得到的木塑包覆实木复合型材进行密封, 自然 冷却, 得到木塑包覆实木复合材料;
[0033] 步骤一中所述实木为樟子松集成材; 所述凹槽为燕尾槽;
[0034] 步骤二中所述木塑复合材料按质量份由 35份热塑性塑料、 65份木质纤维材料、
4份界面相容剂、 3份润滑剂、 2份着色剂、 0.5份抗老化剂、 2份热稳定剂、 15份 阻燃剂和 6份轻质碳酸钙粉组成;
[0035] 步骤二中所述木塑包覆实木复合型材垂直于挤出方向的横截面为矩形;
[0036] 步骤三中所述对步骤二得到的木塑包覆实木复合型材进行密封的方法是将木塑 复合材料熔体热压于木塑包覆实木复合型材的两个端面上密封后冷却定型。
[0037] 实施例二: 本实施例与实施例一不同之处在于: 步骤二中所述木塑包覆实木复 合型材垂直于挤出方向的横截面为半圆形。 其他与实施例一相同。
[0038] 实施例三: 一种木塑包覆实木复合材料的制备方法是按以下步骤完成的: [0039] 一、 在实木的侧表面加工凹口和凹槽, 得到实木芯;
[0040] 二、 通过共挤出成型法将木塑复合材料包覆于步骤一得到的实木芯表面上且木 塑复合材料充填入实木芯侧表面的凹槽中, 同吋在模具的约束下由木塑复合材 料包覆实木芯, 形成木塑凹口、 腔室和凸起, 得到木塑包覆实木复合材料;
[0041] 步骤一中所述实木为樟子松集成材; 所述凹槽为燕尾槽;
[0042] 步骤二中所述木塑复合材料按质量份由 35份热塑性塑料、 65份木质纤维材料、 4份界面相容剂、 3份润滑剂、 2份着色剂、 0.5份抗老化剂、 2份热稳定剂、 15份 阻燃剂和 6份轻质碳酸钙粉组成。
[0043] 图 1为本发明的木塑包覆实木复合材料的凹槽为燕尾槽的横截面示意图; 图 2为 本发明的木塑包覆实木复合材料的凹槽为方形槽的横截面示意图; 图 3为本发明 的设置有一个凹口的木塑包覆实木复合材料的横截面示意图; 图 4为本发明的设 置有多个凹口的木塑包覆实木复合材料的横截面示意图; 图 5为实施例三得到的 木塑包覆实木复合材料的横截面示意图。 本发明的木塑包覆实木复合材料具有 木塑复合材料与实木材料的双重优点, 力学强度高、 抗冲击性能好、 不易蠕变 幵裂、 防腐防水、 隔热保温、 美观耐用、 绿色环保, 可用于建筑室内外装饰、 园林景观、 门窗、 家具、 交通运输, 以及承重结构材料等高性能材料。
[0044] 本发明的木塑包覆实木复合材料, 可以是各种截面形状的实芯材料, 用作大跨 度的铺板、 栏杆、 扶手、 柱和梁等, 以及其他对于强度、 刚度、 防水、 防潮、 防腐和无污染等要求高的应用场合, 如吊桥、 栈道、 木结构建筑、 实木门、 户 外家具、 大跨度景观结构等。 本发明的木塑包覆实木复合材料, 木塑材料与实 木材料的结合牢固, 在长期使用过程中以及在环境温度发生剧烈变化等苛刻条 件下不易破坏, 尺寸稳定性好, 耐久。
[0045] 本发明的木塑包覆实木复合材料, 用于玻璃门窗等木塑实木制品的型材吋, 突 出的优点是防水防潮、 防腐防蛀、 不易变形、 隔热保温、 节能环保、 经久耐用 。 此外, 型材的复杂截面形状主要由木塑复合材料的挤出成型一次完成, 直接 利用木方而不需要将其切削加工成复杂的截面形状, 因此大幅度提高了木材的 利用率, 从而降低成本, 节约资源。
[0046] 本发明木塑包覆实木复合材料绿色环保, 废弃后材料可循环利用。

Claims

权利要求书
一种木塑包覆实木复合材料, 其特征在于木塑包覆实木复合材料 是由木塑复合材料包覆实木芯制成; 所述实木芯的侧表面设置有 凹槽。
根据权利要求 1所述的一种木塑包覆实木复合材料, 其特征在于所 述实木芯是在实木的侧表面加工凹槽得到的, 其中实木为锯切实 木、 刨光实木、 指接材、 集成材、 单板层积材、 重组木、 重组竹 、 改性木材、 胶压木或压缩木。
根据权利要求 1所述的一种木塑包覆实木复合材料, 其特征在于所 述凹槽为燕尾槽或方形槽。
根据权利要求 1所述的一种木塑包覆实木复合材料, 其特征在于所 述木塑复合材料按质量份数由 15~55份热塑性塑料、 45~85份木质 纤维材料、 0.1~9份界面相容剂、 0.1~6份润滑剂、 0~5份着色剂、 0 .1~3份抗老化剂、 0~7份热稳定剂、 0~20份阻燃剂和 0~20份矿物质 填料组成。
根据权利要求 4所述的一种木塑包覆实木复合材料, 其特征在于所 述的热塑性塑料是聚丙烯、 聚乙烯、 聚苯乙烯、 丙烯腈 -丁二烯-苯 乙烯共聚物和聚氯乙烯中一种或几种的混合物, 或者热塑性塑料 是聚丙烯、 聚乙烯、 聚苯乙烯中的一种或几种的混合物的马来酸 酐接枝改性产物, 热塑性塑料为原生料、 再生料或者原生料与再 生料的混合物; 所述木质纤维材料为木纤维粉、 竹纤维粉、 麻纤 维粉和桔秆纤维粉中的一种或其中几种的混合物; 所述界面相容 剂为铝酸酯偶联剂、 钛酸酯偶联剂、 马来酸酐接枝聚烯烃和异氰 酸酯中的一种或其中几种的混合物; 所述润滑剂为聚乙烯蜡、 聚 丙烯蜡、 石蜡、 硬脂酸、 硬脂酸锌和硬脂酸钙中的一种或其中几 种的混合物; 所述着色剂为氧化铁、 二氧化钛、 炭黑、 酞青蓝和 酞青绿中的一种或其中几种的混合物; 所述抗老化剂为紫外线吸 收剂 UV-9、 紫外线吸收剂 UV-P、 紫外线吸收剂 UV-326、 紫外线 吸收剂 UV327、 紫外线吸收剂 UV328、 紫外线吸收剂 UV329、 紫 外线吸收剂 UV531、 抗氧剂四 [β-(3,5-二叔丁基 -4-羟基苯基)丙酸] 季戊四醇酯、 β-(3,5-二叔丁基 -4-羟基苯基)丙酸正十八烷醇酯、 抗 氧剂 2,6-二叔丁基 -4-甲基苯酚、 抗氧剂 2,2'-亚甲基-双 (4-甲基 -6- 叔丁基苯酚) 、 抗氧剂三 (2,4-二叔丁基苯基) 亚磷酸酯和 4,4'-硫 代双 (6-叔丁基 -3-甲基苯酚) 中的一种或其中几种的混合物; 所述 热稳定剂是二月桂酸二丁基锡、 二月桂酸二辛基锡、 马来酸二烷 基锡、 双 (马来酸单丁酯) 二丁基锡、 马来酸二辛基锡、 二辛基 锡双 (巯基乙酸异丁酯) 、 二辛基锡双 (巯基乙酸异辛酯) 或钙 锌热稳定剂; 所述阻燃剂为聚磷酸铵、 硼酸或偏硼酸、 八硼酸钠 、 硼酸锌和可膨胀石墨中的一种或其中几种的混合物; 所述矿物 质填料为碳酸钙粉、 硅酸钙粉、 滑石粉和粉煤灰中的一种或其中 几种的混合物。
[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 1所述的一种木塑包覆实木复合材料的制备方法, 其特 征在于木塑包覆实木复合材料的制备方法是按以下步骤完成的: 一、 在实木的侧表面加工凹槽, 得到实木芯;
二、 通过共挤出成型法将木塑复合材料包覆于步骤一得到的实木 芯表面上且木塑复合材料充填入实木芯侧表面的凹槽中, 得到木 塑包覆实木复合型材; 三、 采用木塑复合材料对步骤二得到的木塑包覆实木复合型材的 两个端面进行密封, 得到木塑包覆实木复合材料。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 6所述的一种木塑包覆实木复合材料的制备方法, 其 特征在于步骤二中所述木塑包覆实木复合型材垂直于挤出方向的 横截面为矩形、 多边形、 圆形、 半圆形和椭圆形中的一种或其中 几种的组合。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 6所述的一种木塑包覆实木复合材料的制备方法, 其 特征在于步骤二中所述木塑包覆实木复合型材垂直于挤出方向的 横截面设置有凹口, 其数目为一个或多个。 [权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 8所述的一种木塑包覆实木复合材料的制备方法, 其 特征在于步骤二中所述木塑包覆实木复合型材的侧面设置有由木 塑复合材料组成的腔室或凸起, 其数目为一个或多个。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 6所述的一种木塑包覆实木复合材料的制备方法, 其 特征在于步骤三中所述对步骤二得到的木塑包覆实木复合型材的 两个端面进行密封的方法分为两种: ①采用胶接方法将木塑复合 材料片材设置在木塑包覆实木复合型材的两个端面上进行密封, 其中胶接用胶黏剂为丙烯酸酯树脂、 丙烯酸-聚氨酯、 环氧树脂或 聚氨酯胶黏剂; ②将木塑复合材料熔体热压于木塑包覆实木复合 型材的两个端面上密封后冷却定型。
PCT/CN2015/072178 2014-09-15 2015-02-03 一种木塑包覆实木复合材料及其制备方法 WO2016041316A1 (zh)

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