WO2016031075A1 - 二次電池充電システム及び充電方法 - Google Patents
二次電池充電システム及び充電方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016031075A1 WO2016031075A1 PCT/JP2014/072840 JP2014072840W WO2016031075A1 WO 2016031075 A1 WO2016031075 A1 WO 2016031075A1 JP 2014072840 W JP2014072840 W JP 2014072840W WO 2016031075 A1 WO2016031075 A1 WO 2016031075A1
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- charging
- voltage
- secondary battery
- battery
- charge
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 289
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 45
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 4
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 nickel metal hydride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
- H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a charging system and a charging method for a secondary battery.
- Secondary batteries such as lithium ion secondary batteries are used as secondary batteries for so-called electric vehicles such as electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles. Such secondary batteries are charged by, for example, a quick charger.
- the chargeable power is calculated from the charging target voltage and the current voltage of the secondary battery, and the output of the charger is the chargeable power. What is controlled to become is known.
- the voltage of the secondary battery greatly exceeds the target voltage, and the secondary battery There is a risk of causing deterioration.
- the battery in order to prevent such a large excess of the target voltage, for example, as described in JP2014-75256A, when the battery voltage becomes higher than the target voltage, the battery is charged from the charger. It is conceivable to limit the charging power to a sufficiently low value (for example, to limit the charging current to 0 by disconnecting the electrical connection between the charger and the secondary battery).
- the battery voltage is temporarily charged due to a delay in the response of the charger to the current control command from the controller that controls charging to the charger. It is possible to exceed the voltage.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a secondary battery charging system and a charging method that can prevent overcharging while restricting the charging amount more than necessary. There is.
- a secondary battery charging system in which chargeable power is calculated based on a difference between a charging target voltage and a battery voltage by a charging control unit that controls a charger that charges the secondary battery.
- the secondary battery charging system includes a charging threshold voltage setting unit that sets the charging target voltage lower than a charging prohibition voltage that is an upper limit voltage allowed in battery design by a predetermined value or more, and the charging control unit includes: The charging is stopped when a predetermined charging stop condition is satisfied in a state where the battery voltage exceeds the charging target voltage and does not reach the charging inhibition voltage.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a secondary battery charging system to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the charging control according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the charging control according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of charge control according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the charging control according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining charge control according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the flow of charge control according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining charging control according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a system to which the first embodiment is applied.
- the secondary battery charging system 1 is for charging a secondary battery 10 used in an electric vehicle, for example.
- the electric vehicle referred to here is driven by the electric power of the secondary battery 10 as a vehicle drive source, such as an electric vehicle that runs using an electric motor or a hybrid vehicle that runs using an electric motor and an internal combustion engine in combination. It is a vehicle provided with the electric motor which performs.
- the secondary battery charging system 1 charges the secondary battery 10 via a battery housing 12 that houses the secondary battery 10 and the controller 11 and a QC (Quick Charge) port 100 of the battery housing 12. And a charger 13.
- the battery housing 12 includes a current sensor 14 that detects a charging current supplied from the charger 13 to the secondary battery 10, a voltage sensor 16 that detects a battery voltage of the secondary battery 10, and a secondary battery 10.
- a temperature sensor 17 that measures temperature, an SOC (state of charge) detection sensor 19 that measures the charging rate of the secondary battery 10, and a deterioration degree detection sensor 21 that measures the degree of deterioration of the secondary battery 10 are provided.
- a relay 50 is provided between the secondary battery 10 and the charger 13 to switch between these connection and disconnection states.
- the method for detecting the degree of deterioration of the secondary battery 10 by the deterioration degree detection sensor 21 is not particularly limited.
- the current and the battery voltage at the time of charging / discharging are detected a plurality of times, and the change in voltage with respect to the detected change in current is detected.
- the degree of deterioration of the secondary battery 10 is detected by a known method, such as detecting the degree of deterioration of the secondary battery 10 by detection.
- the secondary battery 10 is a secondary battery such as a lithium ion secondary battery or a nickel metal hydride rechargeable battery. In this embodiment, it is a lithium ion secondary battery.
- the controller 11 includes a microcomputer having a central processing unit (CPU), a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), and an input / output interface (I / O interface). Each configuration of the controller 11 described below is realized by the CPU, ROM, RAM, and I / O interface.
- CPU central processing unit
- ROM read only memory
- RAM random access memory
- I / O interface input / output interface
- the charge controller 11 includes a charge prohibition voltage storage unit 29, a charge threshold voltage setting unit 30, a timer 32, a chargeable power calculation unit 33, a charge command unit 34, and a charger information recording unit 36. ing.
- the charger 13 is a so-called quick charger that supplies charging power (DC current) to the secondary battery 10 based on a command from the controller 11, and includes a charging gun unit (not shown).
- the secondary battery 10 can be charged by being attached to the QC port 100 of the housing 12.
- the charge prohibition voltage storage unit 29 stores a charge prohibition voltage that is a predetermined upper limit voltage allowed in design for the secondary battery 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the upper limit voltage allowed in design is a voltage that is appropriately set according to the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the electrolyte, and the like of the secondary battery 10, and is a threshold value for determining whether or not it is an overvoltage. Voltage.
- the upper limit voltage is a voltage that is set as a limit value in a range that satisfies such design-accepted performance, and therefore takes a value that is higher than a charge target voltage described later.
- the charge threshold voltage setting unit 30 includes the value of the charge prohibition voltage stored in the charge prohibition voltage storage unit 29, the current sensor 14, the voltage sensor 16, the temperature sensor 17, the SOC detection sensor 19, and the deterioration degree detection sensor 21 described above.
- the charging target voltage is set based on the detected value.
- the charging target voltage is the maximum value of the battery voltage that should be aimed at charging. Therefore, when the charging target voltage is reached, charging control (constant voltage charging) is performed such that the battery voltage is not further increased.
- the timer 32 has a battery voltage exceeding the charging target voltage and based on the charging prohibiting voltage based on the above-described charging prohibiting voltage value, the detected value of the voltage sensor 16, and the charging target voltage set by the charging threshold voltage setting unit 30. It functions as a time measuring unit that measures the time during which the low state is maintained.
- the chargeable power calculation unit 33 reads the value of the charge target voltage and the detection value of the voltage sensor 16, and calculates chargeable power based on the difference between the charge target voltage and the measured value of the battery voltage. Further, in the present embodiment, the difference between the measured value of the battery voltage and the charge prohibition voltage is also calculated and output to the charge command unit 34.
- the charge command unit 34 transmits a charge power command based on the chargeable power calculated by the chargeable power calculation unit 33 to the charger 13.
- a charge stop process is performed.
- the charge stop process is a process for instructing to shut off the relay 50 in accordance with a normal shutdown sequence.
- the charge command unit 34 sets a charge stop flag in an internal shutdown control unit (not shown). Based on this, the shutdown control unit starts a shutdown sequence, and the relay 50 is shut off after the shutdown sequence ends. Is done.
- the normal shutdown sequence is that the charge command unit 34 transmits a charge stop command (command for setting the charge power to 0) to the charger 13 based on the charge stop flag set in the shutdown control unit, and then the current sensor. 14 is a process for detecting that the actual charging current (charging power) supplied to the secondary battery 10 has become substantially zero based on the current detected by 14.
- the charge command unit 34 reads the charge prohibition voltage from the charge prohibition voltage storage unit 29 and determines whether or not the battery voltage measured by the voltage sensor 16 is equal to or higher than the charge prohibition voltage. When it is determined that the battery voltage is equal to or higher than the charge prohibition voltage, an emergency stop process for instructing forcible disconnection of the relay 50 is performed.
- the emergency stop process is a process for forcibly disconnecting the relay 50 in preference to disconnecting the charger 13 and the secondary battery 12 by skipping a normal shutdown sequence.
- the SOC detection sensor 19 estimates the SOC by a known method from the battery voltage detected by the voltage sensor 16 and the integrated value (integrated current) of the charging current detected by the current sensor 14 even during charging by the charger 13. .
- the calculation method of this SOC is well known and will not be described in detail, for example, the remaining capacity of the secondary battery 10 is detected from the open circuit voltage of the secondary battery 10 at the start of charging / discharging, and the charging current is integrated from the start of charging.
- the amount of change in the remaining capacity according to the value can be calculated by adding or subtracting from the remaining capacity at the start of charging / discharging.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the charging control according to the first embodiment.
- the change in the battery voltage V cell measured by the voltage sensor 16 with respect to the charging time [sec] the charging current command value I ins output from the charging command unit 34 shown in FIG.
- the actual charging current (response current) I mea actually measured by the current sensor 14 according to the charging current command value I ins is shown.
- V limit represents a charging prohibition voltage
- V target represents a charging target voltage.
- the charging target voltage V target is a value of the battery voltage that should be aimed as a voltage at the completion of charging in charging, and in this embodiment, the actual charging current I mea measured by the current sensor 14 by the charging target setting unit 30. It is determined based on the battery temperature measured by the temperature sensor 17, the SOC value measured by the SOC detection sensor 19, and the deterioration degree value detected by the deterioration degree detection sensor 21.
- the charging target voltage V target is a safe value (low) that is determined so that the battery voltage V cell does not reach the charging inhibition voltage V limit during the predetermined time T 1 in consideration of these values.
- Value which is a value that can secure a capacity that does not impair the function of the secondary battery 10 as a battery. If safety is given the highest priority, the charging target voltage V target is a minimum that does not reach the charging prohibition voltage V limit in consideration of the above-described measured charging current I mea , battery temperature, SOC, and deterioration degree. It is preferable to be a value of.
- the charging current command value I ins is rapidly increased from the beginning of charging to take a constant value, and thereafter, this constant current charging state is maintained for a certain period of time. .
- the battery voltage V cell increases almost linearly with respect to the charging time according to the IV characteristics of the battery.
- the chargeable power calculation unit 33 determines that the chargeable power is 0, and the charge command unit 34 The charging current is output to the charger 13 as a command value I ins so as to keep the cell at the charging target voltage V target (constant voltage charging).
- the secondary battery 10 actually corresponds to the charging current command value I ins as described above.
- a response delay occurs in which the change in the measured charging current I mea flowing through is delayed, and the measured charging current I mea larger than expected flows.
- the battery voltage V cell does not take an ideal constant voltage state indicated by a one-dot chain line after time t 1 as shown in the figure.
- the charging target voltage V target may be exceeded.
- the secondary battery charging system 1 even if the battery voltage V cell slightly exceeds the charging target voltage V target , charging is continued if the charging prohibition voltage V limit is not reached as a result. To be controlled.
- the charging command section 34 performs the charging stop process.
- the relay 50 is interrupted
- FIG. 3 shows a case where the responsiveness of the charger 13 is further lower under the charge target voltage V target and the charge inhibition voltage V limit shown in FIG.
- the followability of the change (decrease) in the measured charge current I mea is lower than the change in the charge current command value I ins
- the battery voltage V cell is not only the charge target voltage V target but also the charge inhibition voltage V The limit is exceeded.
- the charge command unit 34 performs an emergency stop process and forcibly cuts off the relay 50. Thereby, even if the normal shutdown sequence is skipped and the charging current is flowing, the connection between the secondary battery 10 and the charger 13 is forcibly cut off.
- the charge prohibition voltage V limit is a voltage that should not be reached in the design of the secondary battery 10, if it exceeds this, the relay 50 is forcibly cut off with the highest priority on preventing overcharge. I will do it.
- the charger 13 is prevented from being used again.
- information on the charger 13 is stored in the charger information recording unit 36 of the controller 11, and when charging is performed again, the charging command unit 34 determines whether the charger 13 used for recharging is charged. The information is compared with the information recorded in the charger information recording unit 36, and if they match, control for prohibiting the use of the charger 13 is performed.
- the charger information includes, for example, a unique identifier that can identify the charger 13 and position information of a place where the charger 13 is installed.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the actual flow of the charge control of FIGS. 2 and 3 described above.
- step S101 the charge command unit 34 determines whether or not the battery voltage V cell is greater than the charge inhibition voltage V limit based on the calculation result of the difference between the battery voltage V cell and the charge inhibition voltage V limit by the chargeable power calculation unit 33. Is determined. Here, if it is determined that the battery voltage V cell is smaller than the charge inhibition voltage V limit , the process proceeds to step S102.
- step S102 the charge command unit 34 determines that the battery voltage V cell exceeds the charge target voltage V target based on the calculation result of the difference between the battery voltage V cell and the charge target voltage V target by the chargeable power calculation unit 33. It is determined whether or not. If it is determined that the battery voltage V cell is smaller than the charging target voltage V target , the process proceeds to step S103, and then the normal charging control by each component of the controller 11 is continued, and the process returns to step S101 again.
- step S104 when it is determined that the battery voltage V cell exceeds the charging target voltage V target , the process proceeds to step S104.
- step S104 the timer 32 determines whether or not the allowable voltage region stay time of the battery voltage V cell exceeds a predetermined time T 1 (first predetermined time). If it is determined that the allowable voltage region stay time of the battery voltage V cell does not exceed the predetermined time T 1 , the process proceeds to step S105.
- step S105 the measurement time by the timer 32 is incremented, and the process returns to the normal charge control in step S103, and then returns to step S101.
- step S104 when the allowable voltage range dwell time of the battery voltage V cell at step S104, it is determined exceeds a predetermined time T 1, the process proceeds to step S106.
- step S106 the charge command unit 34 performs a charge stop process according to the normal shutdown sequence. Thereby, the relay 50 is interrupted and charging is stopped. Therefore, thereafter, the battery voltage V cell does not increase, and the charging prohibition voltage V limit is prevented from reaching.
- step S101 determines whether the battery voltage V cell is greater than the charge inhibition voltage V limit . If it is determined in step S101 that the battery voltage V cell is greater than the charge inhibition voltage V limit , the process proceeds to step S107.
- step S107 the charging command unit 34 performs an emergency stop process that skips the normal shutdown sequence.
- the relay 50 is forcibly cut off.
- the interruption of the relay 50 related to the emergency stop process is forcibly performed even in a state where the charging current is flowing, and the burden on the relay 50 is large, and the life may be shortened due to welding of the relay switch. Because of this, you should avoid doing it frequently. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is performed only when the battery voltage V cell exceeds the charge prohibition voltage V limit which is the upper limit in design, and a burden is imposed on the relay 50 while ensuring safety in charging. Can be prevented as much as possible.
- step S108 the controller 11 records the information of the charger 13 in the charger information recording unit 36 as the charger 13 whose use is prohibited in the next and subsequent charging.
- the charging command unit 34 reads information on the charger 13 used for the next and subsequent charging, collates this information as information on the charger 13 recorded in the charger information recording unit 36, and The use of the charger 13 can be prohibited when the collation results match.
- the secondary battery charging system 1 includes a charging target voltage V target and a battery voltage V cell by a charging power calculation unit 33 as a charging control unit that controls a charger 13 that charges the secondary battery 10.
- the chargeable power is calculated based on the difference between.
- the secondary battery charging system 1 sets the charging target voltage V target to be lower than the charging prohibition voltage V limit that is the upper limit of the battery voltage V cell allowed in the design of the secondary battery 10. 30. Further, the charge command unit 34 as the charge control unit stays in a state where the battery voltage V cell exceeds the set charge target voltage V target and is lower than the charge prohibition voltage V limit (that is, the allowable voltage region ⁇ V 1 ). If the predetermined charging stop condition is satisfied in the state), the charging is stopped.
- the battery voltage V cell exceeds the charging target voltage V target and is lower than the charging prohibition voltage V limit (the battery voltage V cell falls within the allowable voltage region ⁇ V 1 .
- It has a timer 32 as a time measuring unit for measuring the time maintained in the staying state.
- the charge command unit 34 as the charge control unit stops charging when the measurement time by the timer 32 reaches a predetermined time T 1 determined in advance as the predetermined charge stop condition (FIG. 4). Step S104 and Step S106).
- the time during which the battery voltage V cell stays in the allowable voltage region ⁇ V 1 is measured, and charging is stopped when the time reaches a predetermined time T 1 (for example, 10 seconds). Therefore, while the battery voltage V cell exceeds the charging target voltage V target , charging is performed indefinitely and the charging prohibiting voltage V limit is not exceeded, while preventing the battery voltage V cell from exceeding the predetermined time T 1 .
- the amount of charge can also be secured by charging.
- the charging command unit 34 forcibly cuts off the relay 50 between the secondary battery 10 and the charger 13 when the battery voltage V cell exceeds the charging prohibition voltage V target. (See step S107 in FIG. 4). That is, the relay 50 is interrupted by the emergency stop process described above. Thus, it is possible to more reliably prevent the battery voltage V cell is overcharged to exceed the charge inhibition voltage V limit.
- the charging command unit 34 is a charger information recording unit as the charger 13 that prohibits the use of the information on the charger 13 in the subsequent charging when the relay 50 is forcibly cut off. 36.
- the information on the charger 13 may include installation position information of the charger 13. Then, the installation position information of the charger 13 may be reflected in the position information of the GPS system 70 mounted on the power consuming device or the power consuming vehicle on which the secondary battery 10 is mounted.
- the secondary battery 10 when the secondary battery 10 is mounted on a vehicle such as EV or HEV that is the power consuming device or the power consuming vehicle, the GPS data of the navigation system mounted on the vehicle Since the position information of the charger with poor responsiveness can be recorded, the driver or the like of the car grasps the installation position of the charger with poor responsiveness and installs it on the charging stand or the like where the charger is installed. It is possible to prevent going out by mistake.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the charging control according to the second embodiment.
- constant current charging is completed in the initial charging stage, i.e., at time t 1 after the battery voltage V cell reaches the target charging voltage V target, time to replace the target charging voltage V target Fluctuating charging target voltage V target ′ that fluctuates with respect to is set.
- the variable charge target voltage V target ′ is set to a magnitude between the charge target voltage V target and the charge inhibition voltage V limit .
- variable charging target voltage V target ′ is obtained by the charging target setting unit 30 by the actual charging current I mea , the battery temperature measured by the temperature sensor 17, the SOC measured by the SOC detection sensor 19, and the deterioration degree detection sensor.
- the battery voltage V cell is determined to be maintained at a value lower than the charge inhibition voltage V target for a predetermined time T 2 based on the degree of deterioration detected by 21. Specifically, a value obtained by predicting the amount of increase of the battery voltage V cell from the charge target voltage V target during a predetermined time T 2 based on these values, and subtracting the amount of increase from the charge inhibition voltage V target color. Is set as the variable charge target voltage V target ′.
- the amount of increase in V cell increases. Therefore, the amount of increase of the variable charging target voltage V target ′ in the initial stage per unit time is set to be relatively large.
- the value of the measured charging current I mea is relatively small, and the battery voltage V cell per hour due to the diffusion resistance during charging.
- the amount of increase is small. Therefore, the amount of increase of the variable charge target voltage V target ′ in the final stage per unit time is set to be relatively small.
- the charging threshold voltage setting unit 30 serves as the charging target voltage based on the temperature, SOC, charging current, and degree of deterioration of the secondary battery 10.
- the variable charge target voltage V target ′ is calculated. Specifically, as the temperature of the secondary battery 10 is lower, the SOC is lower, the charging current is larger, and the deterioration degree is higher, the increase amount is predicted as a larger value. As a result, the variable charging target voltage Vtarget ′ is predicted. Is calculated as a lower value as the temperature of the secondary battery 10 is lower, the SOC is lower, the charging current is larger, and the deterioration degree is higher.
- variable charge target voltage V target ′ changes over time as the temperature, SOC, charging current, and deterioration degree of the secondary battery 10 change over time.
- charging current command value I low responsiveness of the measured charging current I mea respect ins shown figure, there when measured charging current I mea is such that it does not immediately converge on the command value I ins
- charging can be continued in a state where the battery voltage V cell is lower than the charging prohibition voltage V limit by setting the variable charging target voltage V target ′ as a target, and a larger amount of charging can be secured.
- variable charging target voltage V target ′ is calculated based on the temperature, SOC, charging current, and degree of deterioration of the secondary battery 10. It may be calculated by a combination of more than one.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining charge control according to the third embodiment.
- the charge target setting unit 30 sets a protection voltage threshold value V prot having a predetermined value that is larger than the value of the charge target voltage V target and smaller than the charge inhibition voltage V limit .
- the protection voltage threshold value V prot is set to a value higher than the charging target voltage V target . That is, since the battery 13 has poor response performance, the battery voltage V cell reaches the charging target voltage V target (time t 1 ) and the charging command unit 34 issues a command to reduce the charging current, and then the actual charging is performed. Even if the current I mea does not follow and the battery voltage V cell exceeds the charging target voltage V target , the charging is set to continue in the range where the protection voltage threshold V prot is not reached.
- the tracking degree [A / sec] which is an index of how much the measured charging current I mea follows the change in the charging current command value I ins particularly in the charger 13.
- the charger 13 has an acceptable follow-up degree [A / sec] (for example, 10 A / sec or more), and charging in consideration of a delay in response of the measured charging current I mea at the follow-up degree.
- the maximum value ( ⁇ V cell ) max of the increase in the battery voltage V cell from the target voltage V target is predicted.
- the protection voltage threshold value V prot is set to a value higher than the value obtained by adding the maximum value ( ⁇ V cell ) max to the charging target voltage V target .
- FIG. 7 shows a flowchart for explaining the actual flow of charge control in the present embodiment.
- step T101 the charge command unit 34 determines whether or not the battery voltage V cell is greater than the charge inhibition voltage V limit based on the calculation result of the difference between the battery voltage V cell and the charge inhibition voltage V limit by the chargeable power calculation unit 33. Is determined. Here, if it is determined that the battery voltage V cell is smaller than the charge inhibition voltage V limit , the process proceeds to step T102.
- step T102 the charging command unit 34 determines that the battery voltage V cell exceeds the charging target voltage V target based on the calculation result of the difference between the battery voltage V cell and the charging target voltage V target by the chargeable power calculating unit 33. It is determined whether or not. If it is determined that the battery voltage V cell is smaller than the charging target voltage V target , the process proceeds to step T103, and then the normal charging control by each component of the controller 11 is continued, and the process returns to step T101 again.
- step T104 when it is determined that the battery voltage V cell exceeds the charging target voltage V target , the process proceeds to step T104.
- step T104 the charge command unit 34 causes the battery voltage V cell to exceed the protection voltage threshold V prot based on the calculation result of the difference between the battery voltage V cell and the protection voltage threshold V prot by the chargeable power calculation unit 33. It is determined whether or not. Battery voltage V cell does not exceed the protection voltage threshold V prot, i.e. the battery voltage V cell is determined to be a value within the voltage range of greater protection voltage threshold V prot than target charging voltage V target, normal It returns to charge control and returns to step T101 again.
- step T104 if it is determined in step T104 that the battery voltage V cell exceeds the protection voltage threshold value V prot , the process proceeds to step T105. That is, if the battery voltage V cell is a value within a range larger than the protection voltage threshold V prot and smaller than the voltage charge inhibition voltage V limit , the process proceeds to step T105.
- a range larger than the protection voltage threshold V prot and smaller than the voltage charge inhibition voltage V limit is referred to as an allowable voltage region.
- step T105 the timer 32 determines whether or not the allowable voltage region stay time of the battery voltage V cell exceeds a predetermined time T 2 (second predetermined time). If it is determined that the allowable voltage region stay time of the battery voltage V cell does not exceed the predetermined time T 2 , the process proceeds to step T109.
- the predetermined time T 2 is set to a time (for example, 5 seconds) shorter than the predetermined time T 1 in the first embodiment.
- step S109 the measurement time by the timer 32 is incremented, and the process returns to the normal charging control in step T103, and then returns to step T101.
- step T105 when the allowable voltage range dwell time of the battery voltage V cell is determined exceeds a predetermined time T 2 at step T105, the process proceeds to step T108.
- step T108 the charge command unit 34 performs a charge stop process. Thereby, the relay 50 is interrupted and charging is stopped. Therefore, thereafter, the battery voltage V cell does not increase, and the charging prohibition voltage V limit is prevented from reaching.
- step T101 determines whether the battery voltage V cell has reached the charge inhibition voltage V limit . If it is determined in step T101 that the battery voltage V cell has reached the charge inhibition voltage V limit , the process proceeds to step T106.
- step T106 the charging command unit 34 performs an emergency stop process. As a result, the relay 50 is forcibly cut off.
- step T107 the information on the charger 13 is recorded in the charger information recording unit 36 as a charger whose charging is prohibited from the next time as in step S108 in FIG.
- the charging threshold voltage setting unit 30 sets the protection voltage threshold V prot that is larger than the charging target voltage V target and smaller than the charging inhibition voltage V limit to the charging current command value of the charger 13. It is set according to the response performance to Iins . Then, the charging command unit 34 performs charging control to stop charging when the time when the battery voltage V cell exceeds the protection voltage threshold value V prot continues for a predetermined time T 2 as a predetermined charging stop condition.
- the charging command unit 34 performs charging control to stop charging when the time when the battery voltage V cell exceeds the protection voltage threshold value V prot continues for a predetermined time T 2 as a predetermined charging stop condition.
- variable charging target voltage V target that varies with time as in the second embodiment. 'Is set.
- a variable protection voltage threshold value V prot ′ that varies with time is set after time t 1 .
- the fluctuation protection voltage threshold value V prot ′ is determined by the charging target setting unit 30 by the actual charging current I mea , the battery temperature measured by the temperature sensor 17, the SOC measured by the SOC detection sensor 19, and the deterioration degree detection sensor.
- the battery voltage V cell is determined as the maximum value that can be kept lower than the charge inhibition voltage V target in consideration of the following degree [A / sec] of the charger 13 based on the degree of deterioration detected by the battery 21. That is, the fluctuation protection voltage threshold value V prot ′ is larger than the protection voltage threshold value V prot .
- the fluctuation protection voltage threshold value V prot ′ is set to a magnitude between the fluctuation charge target voltage V target ′ and the charge inhibition voltage V limit .
- an increase amount from the charging target voltage V target of the battery voltage V cell corresponding to the follow-up degree of the charger 13 is predicted.
- the upper limit of the increase amount is set as the fluctuation protection voltage threshold value V prot ′.
- the increase amount of the time value of the fluctuation protection voltage threshold value V prot ′ in the initial stage is set to be relatively large.
- the value of the measured charging current I mea is small, and the battery voltage V cell increases per hour due to the diffusion resistance during charging. The amount becomes smaller. Therefore, the amount of increase in the time value of the fluctuation protection voltage threshold value V prot ′ at the initial stage is also set to be relatively small.
- variable charge target voltage V target ′ is set to a value lower than the variable protection voltage threshold V prot ′ by a correction value ⁇ V 2 (t).
- ⁇ V 2 (t) is a function that fluctuates over time after time t 1 , and its value is based on the temperature, SOC, measured charging current I mea , and degree of deterioration of the secondary battery 10. This is a calculated value.
- the diffusion resistance increases with the increase of the temperature and SOC of the secondary battery 10, and the effect of reducing ⁇ V 2 (t) is produced. .
- the diffusion resistance increases as the measured charging current I mea and the deterioration degree of the secondary battery 10 increase, and the effect of increasing ⁇ V 2 (t) occurs. Therefore, if ⁇ V 2 (t) is set in consideration of these tendencies, the variable charge target voltage V target ′ is determined.
- the charging threshold voltage setting unit 30 determines the temperature, SOC, charging current, and deterioration degree of the secondary battery 10 from the fluctuation protection voltage threshold V prot ′. By subtracting the correction value ⁇ V 2 (t) calculated based on the charging target voltage, the charging target voltage is calculated.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、第1実施形態を適用するシステムの構成図である。
以下、第2の実施の形態について説明する。なお、第1の実施の形態と同様の要素には同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。
以下、第3の実施の形態について説明する。なお、第1の実施の形態と同様の要素には同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。
以下、第4の実施の形態について説明する。なお、第2の実施の形態及び第3の実施の形態と同様の要素には同一の符号を付し、その説明を省略する。また、本実施の形態においては二次電池システム1にタイマ32を設けていなくても良い。
Claims (9)
- 二次電池への充電を行う充電器を制御する充電制御部により充電目標電圧と電池電圧との差に基づいて充電可能電力が算出される二次電池充電システムであって、
前記充電目標電圧を、電池の設計上許容される電池電圧の上限である充電禁止電圧よりも低く設定する充電閾値電圧設定部を有し、
前記充電制御部は、前記電池電圧が前記充電目標電圧を超え且つ前記充電禁止電圧より低い状態で所定の充電停止条件を満たした場合に、前記充電を停止する二次電池充電システム。 - 請求項1に記載の二次電池充電システムであって、
前記電池電圧が前記充電目標電圧を超え且つ前記充電禁止電圧よりも低い状態に維持される時間を測定する時間測定部を有し、
前記充電制御部は、前記所定の充電停止条件として前記時間測定部による測定時間が予め定められた第1所定時間に到達した場合に、前記充電を停止する二次電池充電システム。 - 請求項2に記載の二次電池充電システムであって、
前記充電閾値電圧設定部は、
前記二次電池の温度、SOC、充電電流、及び劣化度の少なくともいずれか一つに基づいて前記充電目標電圧を算出する二次電池充電システム。 - 請求項1に記載の二次電池充電システムであって、
前記充電閾値電圧設定部は、
前記充電目標電圧より大きく且つ前記充電禁止電圧よりも小さい保護電圧閾値を設定し、
前記電池電圧が前記充電目標電圧を超え且つ前記保護電圧閾値よりも低い状態に維持される時間を測定する時間測定部を有し、
前記充電制御部は、
前記所定の充電停止条件として前記時間測定部による測定時間が予め定められた第2所定時間に到達した場合に、前記充電を停止する二次電池充電システム。 - 請求項4に記載の二次電池充電システムであって、
前記充電閾値電圧設定部は、
前記保護電圧閾値から、前記二次電池の温度、SOC、充電電流、及び劣化度の少なくともいずれか一つに基づいて算出された補正値を減算することで、前記充電目標電圧を算出する二次電池充電システム。 - 請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の二次電池充電システムであって、
前記充電制御部は、
前記電池電圧が前記充電禁止電圧に到達し場合に前記二次電池と前記充電器との間のリレーを強制的に遮断する二次電池充電システム。 - 請求項6に記載の二次電池充電システムであって、
前記リレーが強制的に遮断された場合に、前記充電器の情報を次回以降の充電において使用を禁止する充電器として記録する充電器情報記録部をさらに備える二次電池充電システム。 - 請求項7に記載の二次電池充電システムであって、
前記充電器の情報は、該充電器の設置位置情報を含み、
前記二次電池が搭載される電力消費機器又は電力消費乗物に搭載されるGPSシステムの位置情報に前記充電器の設置位置情報が反映される二次電池充電システム。 - 二次電池への充電を行う充電器を制御する充電制御工程により、充電目標電圧と電池電圧との差に基づいて充電可能電力が算出される二次電池充電方法であって、
前記充電目標電圧を、電池の設計上許容される電池電圧の上限である充電禁止電圧よりも低く設定する充電目標電圧設定工程を備え、
前記充電制御工程では、前記電池電圧が前記充電目標電圧を超え且つ前記充電禁止電圧より低い状態で所定の充電停止条件を満たした場合に、前記充電を停止する二次電池充電方法。
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JP2019030160A (ja) * | 2017-08-01 | 2019-02-21 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 分散型電源システム |
JP2020124033A (ja) * | 2019-01-30 | 2020-08-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 充電制御装置 |
JP7127559B2 (ja) | 2019-01-30 | 2022-08-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 充電制御装置 |
WO2020162292A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-08 | 2020-08-13 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両の駆動制御装置および駆動システム |
WO2020162291A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-08 | 2020-08-13 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両の駆動制御装置および駆動システム |
JP2020129929A (ja) * | 2019-02-08 | 2020-08-27 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両の駆動制御装置および駆動システム |
JP2020129928A (ja) * | 2019-02-08 | 2020-08-27 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両の駆動制御装置および駆動システム |
JP7040477B2 (ja) | 2019-02-08 | 2022-03-23 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両の駆動制御装置および駆動システム |
JP7088062B2 (ja) | 2019-02-08 | 2022-06-21 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両の駆動制御装置および駆動システム |
JP2022552426A (ja) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-12-15 | 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司 | 電池の充電制御方法、装置、電池管理システム及び媒体 |
JP7210809B2 (ja) | 2020-04-23 | 2023-01-23 | 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司 | 電池の充電制御方法、装置、電池管理システム及び媒体 |
CN112731803A (zh) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-04-30 | 北京交通大学 | 储能系统充放电的控制方法、装置、设备及可读存储介质 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3188340A4 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
CN106797126B (zh) | 2020-04-24 |
US10286789B2 (en) | 2019-05-14 |
JP6308301B2 (ja) | 2018-04-18 |
EP3188340A1 (en) | 2017-07-05 |
US20170274784A1 (en) | 2017-09-28 |
CN106797126A (zh) | 2017-05-31 |
JPWO2016031075A1 (ja) | 2017-07-27 |
EP3188340B1 (en) | 2024-01-24 |
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