WO2016021685A1 - 線ずれ評価方法、線ずれ評価装置、プログラム及び記録媒体 - Google Patents
線ずれ評価方法、線ずれ評価装置、プログラム及び記録媒体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016021685A1 WO2016021685A1 PCT/JP2015/072354 JP2015072354W WO2016021685A1 WO 2016021685 A1 WO2016021685 A1 WO 2016021685A1 JP 2015072354 W JP2015072354 W JP 2015072354W WO 2016021685 A1 WO2016021685 A1 WO 2016021685A1
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- line
- deviation
- line deviation
- evaluation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/26—Deep-drawing for making peculiarly, e.g. irregularly, shaped articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/30—Polynomial surface description
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8851—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges
- G01N2021/8883—Scan or image signal processing specially adapted therefor, e.g. for scan signal adjustment, for detecting different kinds of defects, for compensating for structures, markings, edges involving the calculation of gauges, generating models
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/9515—Objects of complex shape, e.g. examined with use of a surface follower device
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a line deviation evaluation method, a line deviation evaluation apparatus, a program, and a recording medium. More specifically, the present invention relates to a line deviation evaluation method, a line deviation evaluation apparatus, a program, and a recording medium for evaluating line deviation generated in a press-formed product in press forming for forming a character line.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-163022 for which it applied to Japan on August 8, 2014, and uses the content here.
- the degree of line deviation is determined by sensory evaluation of workers on site. If the degree of line deviation is small, the product may be shipped even if line deviation occurs. The standard for line misalignment is not clarified, and there is a risk of product variations.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a technique for quantitatively evaluating surface distortion.
- the techniques disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not evaluate line deviation.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method of measuring the surface shape of a metal plate, calculating a Gaussian curvature using values on orthogonal lattice points, and evaluating surface distortion after filtering.
- the Gaussian curvature of the surface shape of the metal plate captures the line shift phenomenon. Not suitable for.
- Patent Document 2 a plurality of light and dark patterns moving on a measurement target surface are photographed to calculate a surface distortion distribution, the calculated inclination of the surface is approximated to a curve, and an inclination change amount (secondary differential coefficient) is calculated.
- a technique is disclosed.
- it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the line deviation only with the curvature distribution.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to quantitatively evaluate line deviation generated in a press-formed product in press forming for forming a character line.
- a line deviation evaluation method for evaluating a line deviation occurring in a press-formed product in press molding for forming a character line so as to cross the character line formed in the press-formed product.
- a cross-sectional profile acquisition step for acquiring the measured cross-sectional profile of the press-formed product, a fourth-order differential coefficient calculation step for calculating a fourth-order derivative of the acquired cross-sectional profile, and a fourth-order derivative of the calculated cross-sectional profile
- a line deviation evaluation step for evaluating the line deviation based on.
- the fourth derivative of the cross-sectional profile on the side where the line deviation occurs across the character line in the line deviation evaluation step, the fourth derivative of the cross-sectional profile on the side where the line deviation occurs across the character line.
- the peak value H and the deviation width L between the position where the peak value H appears and the R stop position of the design character line where the line deviation occurs are obtained, and the peak value H and the deviation width L are obtained. May be used to evaluate the line deviation.
- the first line deviation evaluation parameter S is calculated by the following equation (1), and the calculated first deviation is calculated.
- the line deviation may be evaluated using one line deviation evaluation parameter S.
- S L ⁇
- n is a predetermined weight index.
- a curve radius R of the character line is further obtained, and the peak value H, the deviation width L, and the curve are calculated.
- the line deviation may be evaluated using the radius R.
- the second line deviation evaluation parameter SII is calculated by the following equation (2), and the calculated it may evaluate the line deviation by using the second line shift evaluation parameter S II.
- S II L ⁇ (
- the line deviation evaluation apparatus for evaluating the line deviation generated in the press-formed product in the press forming for forming the character line crosses the character line formed in the press-formed product.
- a cross-sectional profile acquisition unit that acquires the measured cross-sectional profile of the press-formed product
- a fourth-order differential coefficient calculation unit that calculates a fourth-order differential coefficient of the cross-sectional profile acquired by the cross-sectional profile acquisition unit
- the fourth-order fine coefficient A line deviation evaluation parameter calculation unit that calculates a line deviation evaluation parameter for evaluating the line deviation based on the fourth derivative of the cross-sectional profile calculated by the coefficient calculation unit.
- the line deviation evaluation apparatus further includes a line deviation evaluation unit that evaluates the line deviation based on the line deviation evaluation parameter calculated by the line deviation evaluation parameter calculation unit. May be.
- the evaluation parameter calculation unit is configured to calculate 4 of the cross-sectional profile on the side where the line deviation occurs across the character line.
- a peak value H of the second derivative, and a deviation width L between the position where the peak value H appears and the R stop position of the design character line where the line deviation occurs are obtained, and the peak value H and the deviation are obtained.
- the line deviation evaluation parameter may be calculated using the width L.
- the evaluation parameter calculation unit may calculate the line deviation evaluation parameter S by the following equation (1).
- S L ⁇
- n is a predetermined weight index.
- the evaluation parameter calculation unit further obtains a curve radius R of the character line, and calculates the peak value H, the deviation width L, and the curve.
- the line deviation evaluation parameter may be calculated using the radius R.
- the line shift evaluation apparatus of the tenth aspect wherein the evaluation parameter calculation unit, by the following equation (2) may be calculated line deviations evaluation parameter S II.
- S II L ⁇ (
- the program for evaluating the line deviation generated in the press-formed product in the press forming for forming the character line is measured so as to cross the character line formed in the press-formed product.
- the line deviation is evaluated on the basis of the process for obtaining the cross-sectional profile of the press-formed product obtained, the process for calculating the fourth-order derivative of the obtained cross-sectional profile, and the calculated fourth-order derivative of the cross-sectional profile.
- the computer may further execute a process of evaluating the line deviation based on the calculated line deviation evaluation parameter.
- the cross-sectional profile on the side where the line deviation occurs across the character line in the process of calculating the line deviation evaluation parameter, the cross-sectional profile on the side where the line deviation occurs across the character line.
- the peak value H of the fourth derivative, and the deviation width L between the position where the peak value H appears and the R stop position of the design character line where the line deviation occurs are obtained, and the peak value H and the The line deviation evaluation parameter may be calculated using the deviation width L.
- the line deviation evaluation parameter S may be calculated by the following equation (1) in the process of calculating the line deviation evaluation parameter.
- S L ⁇
- n is a predetermined weight index.
- a curve radius R of the character line is further obtained, and the peak value H, the deviation width L, and the The line deviation evaluation parameter may be calculated using the curve radius R.
- the computer-readable recording medium records any one program of the twelfth to seventeenth aspects.
- the line deviation generated in the press-formed product can be quantitatively evaluated. As a result, stable product quality can be ensured.
- FIG. 1 shows a functional configuration of a line deviation evaluation apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the line misalignment evaluation apparatus 100 evaluates a line misalignment that occurs in a press-formed product in press forming for forming a character line.
- FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B the outline
- FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating an example of molding (line shift) that impairs design properties.
- FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating an example of molding that does not impair the design properties.
- the mold is composed of an upper mold 21a and a lower mold 21b, and a blank 20 is sandwiched between the upper mold 21a and the lower mold 21b and press-molded.
- the blank 20 comes into contact with the design character line on the mold (initial hitting portion 22).
- the initial contact portion 22 moves (shifts), and a cross-sectional shape different from the design design is generated outside the R stop 24 of the character line 23. This is a line shift phenomenon.
- the initial contact portion 22 between the blank and the die shifts out of the R stop 24 of the character line 23 when the press molding is completed, thereby causing a line shift.
- FIG. 2B when the initial contact portion 22 between the blank and the die is inside the R stop 24 of the design character line 23 when the press molding is completed, no line deviation occurs.
- the line deviation evaluation device 100 includes a cross-sectional profile acquisition unit 101, a fourth derivative calculation unit 102, a line deviation evaluation parameter calculation unit 103, and a line deviation evaluation unit 104.
- the line deviation evaluation unit 104 may not be provided.
- the cross-sectional profile acquisition unit 101 acquires the cross-sectional profile of the press-formed product measured by the contour measuring instrument 200 so as to cross the character line formed in the press-formed product.
- the cross-sectional profile acquisition unit 101 obtains the cross-sectional profile of the press-formed product from the surface data of the press-formed product measured by the contour measuring instrument 200 based on the cross-sectional contour data orthogonal to the character line. get.
- “measured across the character line” means that the press formed product is along a straight line perpendicular to the character line (a straight line having an angle between 60 ° and 120 ° with respect to the character line). Means to make a measurement.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram for explaining contour measurement of a press-formed product using a contour measuring instrument.
- a contact-type three-dimensional shape measuring machine is used as an example of the contour measuring instrument 200.
- the contour measuring device 200 is moved in a direction crossing the character line 201, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the character line 201 while the contour measuring device 200 is in contact with the press-formed product, and is pressed at a predetermined measurement length l. Measure the contour of the molded product. Line misalignment occurs on either side of the character line 201. In the example of FIG. 3A, it is assumed that a line shift occurs on the right side of the character line 201 in the drawing (downstream in the measurement direction by the contour measuring instrument). If necessary, the contour measuring device 200 may measure the contour a plurality of times while changing the position of one line-shifted portion in the extending direction of the character line 201.
- the panel shape can be measured on the production line (inline). Further, either a non-contact measuring device or a contact measuring device may be used. However, when the degree of line deviation is very small, it is preferable to measure accurately with a contact-type measuring instrument. It is preferable that the line deviation is evaluated in a state where it is actually assembled in a product shipment state (finished product) after completion of press forming of the press-formed product.
- the fourth-order derivative calculating unit 102 calculates the distribution of the curvature (second-order derivative of the cross-sectional profile) based on the cross-sectional profile acquired by the cross-sectional profile acquiring unit 101, and the second-order derivative of the curvature (fourth-order of the cross-sectional profile). (Derivative) is calculated. Considering that the rate of change in curvature and the second derivative of curvature (fourth derivative of the cross-sectional profile) have an effect on the sensory evaluation of line deviation, the fourth derivative of the cross-sectional profile is calculated.
- FIG. 3B The relationship between curvature and line deviation will be described.
- the upper part of FIG. 3B is a view of the state of line deviation seen from the side.
- a gap is formed between the design shape 25 and the actual panel shape 26 outside the R stop 24 of the character line 23, and this is formed from the surface of the panel.
- curvature inversion portion a curvature distribution opposite to the curvature distribution by the curve of the design character line occurs (curvature inversion portion). That is, the curvature is reversed in the region where the line deviation occurs.
- light is shaded, giving the confirmation operator the impression that a line shift has occurred.
- the way of returning the curvature distribution can be calculated from a quadratic function of the curvature distribution (fourth order function of the cross-sectional profile). Therefore, it is considered that the line deviation can be evaluated using the peak amount H of the second derivative of the curvature (fourth derivative of the cross-sectional profile).
- FIG. 4 shows the curvature (second derivative of the cross-sectional profile) [mm ⁇ 1 ] calculated by the quaternary differential coefficient calculator 102, and the first derivative of curvature (third derivative of the cross-sectional profile) [mm ⁇ 2 ].
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a second derivative of curvature (a fourth derivative of a cross-sectional profile) [mm ⁇ 3 ].
- the vertical axis shows the curvature (second derivative of the cross-sectional profile) [mm ⁇ 1 ], the first derivative of curvature (the third derivative of the cross-sectional profile) [mm ⁇ 2 ], and the second derivative of the curvature (cross section). 4th derivative of profile) [mm ⁇ 3 ] is shown.
- the horizontal axis represents the position [mm] in the measuring direction of the contour (see FIG. 3A) by the contour measuring instrument.
- a curvature peak 401 appears at a position 301 where the curve of the character line is the largest (position of the R vertex of the character line).
- a peak 402 of the second derivative of curvature appears at the same position 301.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a method of calculating the curvature distribution.
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 5 indicates the position in the measurement direction, and the vertical axis indicates the position in the height direction.
- the line on the figure shows the cross-sectional profile.
- the curvature calculation section X is composed of five predetermined sections x 1 , x 2 , x 3 , x 4 , x 5 ) and 3 points in the center (m 1, m 2, m 3 in FIG. 5) from the arc radius R (R 1, R 2, ⁇ ) , and calculates a curvature which is the inverse.
- a predetermined section x starting from the curvature calculation section X is shifted by one (the curvature calculation section X is composed of five predetermined sections x 2 , x 3 , x 4 , x 5 , x 6 ).
- the arc radius R is calculated from the three points (m 2 , m 3 , m 4 in FIG.
- the curvature calculation section X is repeated while shifting the predetermined section x as the starting point of the curvature calculation section X by one.
- the predetermined section x it is preferable to select the smallest section as a section that is as continuous as possible without including noise when calculating the distribution of curvature.
- the line deviation evaluation parameter calculation unit 103 calculates a line deviation evaluation parameter based on the second derivative of curvature (fourth derivative of the cross-sectional profile) calculated by the fourth derivative calculation unit 102.
- a peak 403 of the second derivative of curvature (fourth derivative of the sectional profile) appears on the side where the line deviation occurs across the character line. Therefore, the line deviation evaluation parameter calculation unit 103 calculates the value H [mm ⁇ 3 ] at the peak 403 of the second derivative of the curvature (fourth derivative of the cross-sectional profile) that appears on the side where the line deviation occurs, and the peak 403.
- a deviation width L [mm] between the position 303 corresponding to the position R and the R stop position 302 of the design character line is obtained.
- the line deviation evaluation parameter calculation unit 103 calculates a line deviation evaluation parameter based on the value H and the deviation width L.
- the line deviation evaluation parameter S is calculated by the following equation (1).
- Line deviation evaluation parameter S L ⁇
- n is a predetermined weight index.
- the reason why the deviation width L is used is that it is necessary to consider the movement amount of the initial contact point because the line deviation is a phenomenon of movement of the initial contact point of the mold as shown in FIG. 2A.
- the distance from the position 303 corresponding to the peak 403 of the second-order derivative of curvature (fourth-order derivative of the cross-sectional profile) to the R-stop position 302 of the design character line is defined as the shift width L.
- a similar index may be used.
- the design when the size of the curve of the design character line does not change much between the panels to be compared, or when the distance from the R vertex position 301 of the character line to the R stop position 302 of the design character line is small, the design The distance from the position 301 of the R vertex of the character line to the position 303 corresponding to the peak 403 of the second derivative of curvature (fourth derivative of the cross-sectional profile) may be used as the deviation width L.
- the reason for using the peak value H of the second derivative of curvature (fourth derivative of the cross-sectional profile) is that the peak of curvature and the peak of the second derivative of curvature (fourth derivative of the cross-sectional profile) are used. This is because the position is close and it is easy to catch the trend.
- the sensory evaluation is based on the influence of the shadow (corresponding to the absolute value of H) due to the change in curvature on the side where the line deviation occurs and the influence of the size of the area where the line deviation occurs (corresponding to the deviation width L). receive.
- the line deviation evaluation parameter S increases as the absolute value of H and L increase, and the calculation formula of the line deviation evaluation parameter S has a good form of addition or integration of the absolute value of H and L.
- the relative difference for each sample is larger than the deviation width L, and the relative difference can be reduced by raising the power to n using the weighting coefficient n. That is, the equation for calculating the line deviation evaluation parameter S is as shown in equation (1).
- an average of the line shift evaluation parameter S calculated each time is used as an index. It may be used.
- the line deviation evaluation unit 104 evaluates the line deviation based on the line deviation evaluation parameter S calculated by the line deviation evaluation parameter calculation unit 103.
- the evaluation of the line deviation may be performed by a person referring to the line deviation evaluation parameter, or may be automated by a computer or the like. *
- the horizontal axis in FIG. 6 indicates the line deviation evaluation parameter S, and the line deviation evaluation parameter S increases as going to the right.
- the vertical axis in FIG. 6 indicates the degree of sensory evaluation, and the degree of evaluation increases as it goes up. It means that the larger the evaluation degree is, the more noticeable line deviation is, and the smaller the evaluation degree is, the less noticeable line deviation is.
- the correlation was confirmed that as the value of the line deviation evaluation parameter S increases, the degree of sensory evaluation increases.
- line deviation evaluation parameter S includes the peak value H of the second derivative as the cross-section change factor and the deviation width L as the deviation width factor, both tendencies can be captured. .
- the line deviation can be quantitatively evaluated by the line deviation evaluation parameter S. If the line deviation can be quantitatively evaluated, stable product quality can be secured.
- the radius R of the curve of the character line on the surface of the panel may be used in addition to the value H and the deviation width L as a method of calculating the line deviation evaluation parameter.
- the radius R of the curve of the character line of the panel may be compared, there may be a correlation between the radius R of the curve of the character line and the sensory evaluation of line deviation.
- the sensory evaluation of the line deviation decreases as the radius R of the curve of the character line increases, that is, the line deviation tends to be inconspicuous. Therefore, it is preferable that the line deviation evaluation parameter tends to decrease as the radius R of the curve of the character line increases.
- the calculation formula for the line deviation evaluation parameter is preferably in the form of R subtraction or division.
- R may be the radius of the curve of the design character line.
- the line deviation evaluation parameter SII is calculated by the following equation (2).
- Line deviation evaluation parameter S II L ⁇ (
- m is a predetermined weight index.
- a steel plate is used as the plastic plate.
- a metal material such as aluminum or titanium, a glass fiber reinforced resin material such as FRP or FRTP, or a composite thereof. Materials may be used.
- the line deviation evaluation apparatus to which the present invention is applied can be realized by a computer apparatus including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like, for example.
- the present invention also provides software (program) that realizes a line deviation evaluation function to a system or apparatus via a network or various storage media, and the system or apparatus computer reads out and executes the program. It is feasible.
- the present invention can be widely applied to a method, an apparatus, a program, and a recording medium for evaluating a line deviation generated in a press-formed product in press forming for forming a character line. Thereby, it is possible to quantitatively evaluate the line deviation generated in the press-formed product, and it is possible to ensure stable product quality.
Abstract
Description
本願は、2014年8月8日に、日本に出願された特願2014-163022号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
特許文献1では、金属板の表面形状を測定し、直交格子点上の値を用いてガウス曲率を算出し、フィルタリングした後に面歪みを評価する手法が開示されている。しかしながら、キャラクタラインに沿った方向に存在するパネル形状の曲率か、線ずれによる断面の変化の曲率かを区別することは困難であるため、金属板の表面形状のガウス曲率は線ずれ現象を捉えるには不向きである。
特許文献2では、測定対象面上に移る複数の明暗パタンを撮影して面歪分布を演算し、演算された面の傾きを曲線近似し、傾きの変化量(2次微係数)を算出する手法が開示されている。しかしながら、例えば曲面上にキャラクタラインが成形された断面形状(曲面+キャラクタライン+曲面の断面形状)の場合、曲率分布のみでは線ずれを定量的に評価することが困難である。
S=L×│H│n・・・(1)
ただし、nはあらかじめ決められた重み指数。
SII=L×(│H│/R)m・・・(2)
ただし、mはあらかじめ決められた重み係数。
S=L×│H│n・・・(1)
ただし、nはあらかじめ決められた重み指数。
SII=L×(│H│/R)m・・・(2)
ただし、mはあらかじめ決められた重み係数。
S=L×│H│n・・・(1)
ただし、nはあらかじめ決められた重み指数。
SII=L×(│H│/R)m・・・(2)
ただし、mはあらかじめ決められた重み係数。
図1に、本発明の一実施形態に係る線ずれ評価装置100の機能構成を示す。線ずれ評価装置100は、キャラクタラインを成形するプレス成形においてプレス成形品に発生する線ずれを評価する。
ここで、図2A及び図2Bを参照して、キャラクタラインを成形するプレス成形においてプレス成形品に発生する線ずれ現象の概要を説明する。図2Aは意匠性を損なう成形(線ずれ)の一例を示す図である。図2Bは意匠性を損なわない成形の一例を示す図である。図2A及び図2Bにおいて、金型は上型21aと下型21bからなり、上型21aと下型21bの間にブランク20が挟まれてプレス成形される。
プレス成形時、ブランク20が金型上の設計キャラクタラインと接触する(初期当たり部22)。キャラクタライン23の成形が進むにつれて初期当たり部22が移動し(ずれ)、キャラクタライン23のR止まり24の外に設計デザインとは異なる断面形状が発生する。これが線ずれ現象である。ブランクと金型との初期当たり部22がプレス成形完了時にキャラクタライン23のR止まり24の外にずれることで線ずれが起こるとされている。
図2Bのように、ブランクと金型との初期当たり部22がプレス成形完了時に設計キャラクタライン23のR止まり24の内側にある場合は、線ずれは起こらない。
断面プロファイル取得部101は、プレス成形品に成形されたキャラクタラインを横切るようにして輪郭測定器200で測定されたプレス成形品の断面プロファイルを取得する。具体的には、断面プロファイル取得部101は、輪郭測定器200が測定したプレス成形品の面データからキャラクタラインに対して該直交する断面の輪郭データをもとに、プレス成形品の断面プロファイルを取得する。ここで、「キャラクタラインを横切るように測定する」とは、キャラクタラインに対し該直交する直線(キャラクタラインに対し60°と120°の間のある角度をなす直線)に沿ってプレス成形品の測定を行うことを意味する。
なお、必要に応じて、輪郭測定器200が1つの線ずれ部位についてキャラクタライン201の延伸方向に位置を変えながら複数回、輪郭測定するようにしてもよい。
線ずれはプレス成形品のプレス成形完了後、実際に製品出荷状態(完成体)に組み立てた状態にて評価されることが好ましい。組み立て前のプレス成形品を評価した場合、プレス成形品の面剛性が低い場合には測定時のプレス成形品のセット方法によっては自重によるたわみが生じ、線ずれが生じている領域の形状に変化が現れ、輪郭測定結果が製品出荷状態(完成体)での輪郭形状と異なる場合がある。
線ずれが生じている領域には、設計キャラクタラインのカーブによる曲率分布とは逆向きの曲率分布が生じる(曲率逆転部位)。すなわち、線ずれが生じている領域で曲率は逆転している。曲率の逆転する領域では光の陰影がつき、線ずれが生じている印象を確認作業者に与える。
線ずれが発生する側の曲率が逆転している領域において、曲率が逆転している領域から元の形状への戻り方が緩やかに戻る場合は、線ずれによる陰影が曖昧に見えるため、線ずれの印象は小さい。一方、曲率が逆転している領域から元の形状への戻り方が急激に戻る場合は、線ずれによる陰影が強調されるため、線ずれの印象が大きい。
線ずれの官能評価結果と線ずれが発生している側の曲率分布との関係を比較した結果、線ずれの官能評価結果と曲率の逆転している領域からの曲率分布の戻り方との間に相関があることを突き止めた。曲率分布の戻り方は、曲率分布の2次微関数(断面プロファイルの4次微関数)から算出することができる。従って、曲率の2次微係数(断面プロファイルの4次微関数)のピーク量Hを用いて線ずれの評価が可能であると考えられる。
図4に示すように、キャラクタラインのカーブが最も大きい位置(キャラクタラインのR頂点の位置)301で、曲率のピーク401が現れる。同じ位置301で、曲率の2次微係数(断面プロファイルの4次微係数)のピーク402が現れる。
線ずれ評価パラメータS=L×│H│n・・・(1)
ただし、nはあらかじめ決められた重み指数である。
すなわち、Hの絶対値とLが増加するに伴って線ずれ評価パラメータSが増加することが好ましく、線ずれ評価パラメータSの算出式はHの絶対値とLの加算あるいは積算の形式が良い。また、HまたはLのどちらか一方で評価することも可能だが、同程度のHまたはLであってももう一方の大小によって官能評価に差異が表れる場合があるため、HとLの両方を用いることが好ましい。
Hは微小な値ではあるが、ずれ幅Lに比べてサンプルごとの相対的な差が大きく、重み係数nを用いてn乗することでその相対的な差を緩和できる。すなわち、線ずれ評価パラメータSの算出式は(1)式のようになる。なお、n=1/3とした場合、すなわち、線ずれ評価パラメータSの算出式としてS=L×│H│1/3を用いたした場合、線ずれの官能評価と線ずれ評価パラメータSとの間で特に高い相関を示すことを本発明者らは発見した。
以上のように、線ずれ評価パラメータSにより線ずれを定量評価できることがわかる。線ずれを定量評価できるようになれば、安定した製品品質の確保が可能となる。
線ずれ評価パラメータSII=L×(│H│/R)m・・・(2)
ただし、mはあらかじめ決められた重み指数である。
また、本発明は、線ずれ評価機能を実現するソフトウェア(プログラム)を、ネットワーク又は各種記憶媒体を介してシステム或いは装置に供給し、そのシステム或いは装置のコンピュータがプログラムを読み出して実行することによっても実現可能である。
21a 上型
21b 下型
22 初期当たり部
23 キャラクタライン
24 R止まり
25 設計形状
26 パネル形状
100 線ずれ評価装置
101 断面プロファイル取得部
102 4次微係数算出部
103 線ずれ評価パラメータ算出部
104 線ずれ評価部
200 輪郭測定器
201 キャラクタライン
Claims (18)
- キャラクタラインを成形するプレス成形においてプレス成形品に発生する線ずれを評価する線ずれ評価方法であって、
前記プレス成形品に成形された前記キャラクタラインを横切るように測定された前記プレス成形品の断面プロファイルを取得する断面プロファイル取得ステップと、
取得した前記断面プロファイルの4次微係数を算出する4次微係数算出ステップと、
算出した前記断面プロファイルの4次微係数に基づいて前記線ずれを評価する線ずれ評価ステップと、
を有することを特徴とする線ずれ評価方法。 - 前記線ずれ評価ステップでは、
前記キャラクタラインを挟んで前記線ずれが発生する側の前記断面プロファイルの4次微係数のピーク値Hと、前記ピーク値Hが現れる位置と前記線ずれが発生する側の設計キャラクタラインのR止まりの位置とのずれ幅Lと、を求め、
前記ピーク値Hと前記ずれ幅Lとを用いて前記線ずれを評価する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の線ずれ評価方法。 - 前記線ずれ評価ステップでは、下式(1)により、第1の線ずれ評価パラメータSを算出し、算出した前記第1の線ずれ評価パラメータSを用いて前記線ずれを評価することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の線ずれ評価方法。
S=L×│H│n・・・(1)
ただし、nはあらかじめ決められた重み指数。 - 前記線ずれ評価ステップでは、前記キャラクタラインのカーブ半径Rを更に求め、前記ピーク値Hと前記ずれ幅Lと前記カーブ半径Rとを用いて前記線ずれを評価することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の線ずれ評価方法。
- 前記線ずれ評価ステップでは、下式(2)により、第2の線ずれ評価パラメータSIIを算出し、算出した前記第2の線ずれ評価パラメータSIIを用いて前記線ずれを評価することを特徴とする請求項4に記載の線ずれ評価方法。
SII=L×(│H│/R)m・・・(2)
ただし、mはあらかじめ決められた重み係数。 - キャラクタラインを成形するプレス成形においてプレス成形品に発生する線ずれを評価する線ずれ評価装置であって、
前記プレス成形品に成形された前記キャラクタラインを横切るように測定された前記プレス成形品の断面プロファイルを取得する断面プロファイル取得部と、
前記断面プロファイル取得部で取得した前記断面プロファイルの4次微係数を算出する4次微係数算出部と、
前記4次微係数算出部で算出した前記断面プロファイルの4次微係数に基づいて、前記線ずれを評価するための線ずれ評価パラメータを算出する線ずれ評価パラメータ算出部と、
を備えたことを特徴とする線ずれ評価装置。 - 前記線ずれ評価パラメータ算出部で算出した線ずれ評価パラメータに基づいて前記線ずれを評価する線ずれ評価部
を更に備えたことを特徴とする請求項6に記載の線ずれ評価装置。 - 前記評価パラメータ算出部は、前記キャラクタラインを挟んで前記線ずれが発生する側の前記断面プロファイルの4次微係数のピーク値Hと、前記ピーク値Hが現れる位置と前記線ずれが発生する側の設計キャラクタラインのR止まりの位置とのずれ幅Lと、を求め、前記ピーク値Hと前記ずれ幅Lとを用いて前記線ずれ評価パラメータを算出することを特徴とする請求項6または7に記載の線ずれ評価装置。
- 前記評価パラメータ算出部は、下式(1)により、線ずれ評価パラメータSを算出することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の線ずれ評価装置。
S=L×│H│n・・・(1)
ただし、nはあらかじめ決められた重み指数。 - 前記評価パラメータ算出部は、前記キャラクタラインのカーブ半径Rを更に求め、前記ピーク値Hと前記ずれ幅Lと前記カーブ半径Rとを用いて前記線ずれ評価パラメータを算出することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の線ずれ評価装置。
- 前記評価パラメータ算出部は、下式(2)により、線ずれ評価パラメータSIIを算出することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の線ずれ評価装置。
SII=L×(│H│/R)m・・・(2)
ただし、mはあらかじめ決められた重み係数。 - キャラクタラインを成形するプレス成形においてプレス成形品に発生する線ずれを評価するためのプログラムであって、
前記プレス成形品に成形された前記キャラクタラインを横切るように測定された前記プレス成形品の断面プロファイルを取得する処理と、
取得した前記断面プロファイルの4次微係数を算出する処理と、
算出した前記断面プロファイルの4次微係数に基づいて、前記線ずれを評価するための線ずれ評価パラメータを算出する処理と、
をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラム。 - 算出した前記線ずれ評価パラメータに基づいて前記線ずれを評価する処理
を更にコンピュータに実行させる請求項12に記載のプログラム。 - 前記線ずれ評価パラメータを算出する処理において、前記キャラクタラインを挟んで前記線ずれが発生する側の前記断面プロファイルの4次微係数のピーク値Hと、前記ピーク値Hが現れる位置と前記線ずれが発生する側の設計キャラクタラインのR止まりの位置とのずれ幅Lと、を求め、前記ピーク値Hと前記ずれ幅Lとを用いて前記線ずれ評価パラメータを算出する、請求項12または13に記載のプログラム。
- 前記線ずれ評価パラメータを算出する処理において、下式(1)により、線ずれ評価パラメータSを算出する、請求項14に記載のプログラム。
S=L×│H│n・・・(1)
ただし、nはあらかじめ決められた重み指数。 - 前記線ずれ評価パラメータを算出する処理において、前記キャラクタラインのカーブ半径Rを更に求め、前記ピーク値Hと前記ずれ幅Lと前記カーブ半径Rとを用いて前記線ずれ評価パラメータを算出する、請求項14に記載のプログラム。
- 前記線ずれ評価パラメータを算出する処理において、下式(2)により、線ずれ評価パラメータSIIを算出する、請求項16に記載のプログラム。
SII=L×(│H│/R)m・・・(2)
ただし、mはあらかじめ決められた重み係数。 - 請求項12乃至17の何れか一項に記載のプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
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JPWO2019073614A1 (ja) * | 2017-10-12 | 2020-11-05 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | キャラクターラインを有する外板パネルの製造方法および製造装置 |
JP7140132B2 (ja) | 2017-10-12 | 2022-09-22 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | キャラクターラインを有する外板パネルの製造方法および製造装置 |
US11684963B2 (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2023-06-27 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Method and apparatus for producing outer panel having character line |
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MX2017001574A (es) | 2017-04-27 |
EP3179207B1 (en) | 2019-10-16 |
CA2956811C (en) | 2019-07-02 |
US20170227356A1 (en) | 2017-08-10 |
CA2956811A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 |
EP3179207A1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
JP6233522B2 (ja) | 2017-11-22 |
EP3179207A4 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
ES2763134T3 (es) | 2020-05-27 |
JPWO2016021685A1 (ja) | 2017-06-22 |
MX364096B (es) | 2019-04-12 |
KR101920580B1 (ko) | 2018-11-20 |
CN106662438B (zh) | 2019-05-07 |
BR112017002347A2 (pt) | 2017-11-28 |
RU2665339C1 (ru) | 2018-08-29 |
CN106662438A (zh) | 2017-05-10 |
KR20170029620A (ko) | 2017-03-15 |
US10508909B2 (en) | 2019-12-17 |
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