WO2016020980A1 - 電力変換装置 - Google Patents
電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016020980A1 WO2016020980A1 PCT/JP2014/070576 JP2014070576W WO2016020980A1 WO 2016020980 A1 WO2016020980 A1 WO 2016020980A1 JP 2014070576 W JP2014070576 W JP 2014070576W WO 2016020980 A1 WO2016020980 A1 WO 2016020980A1
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- power supply
- current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/083—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the ignition at the zero crossing of the voltage or the current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power conversion device that converts AC power into DC power.
- a power factor correction circuit that improves the power source power factor and reduces the harmonic component included in the input current is disclosed, and the full-wave rectification mode or the voltage doubler rectification mode is selected.
- the power factor improvement function and the boosting function are realized by controlling the short circuit start time and the short circuit time of the short circuit element in an open loop. That is, in the prior art of Patent Document 1 below, the rectifier circuit is controlled to the full-wave rectification mode or the double voltage rectification mode by turning on and off the rectifier circuit switching switch, and the DC output voltage of the power factor correction circuit is roughly divided into two stages.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a DC voltage that outputs a DC voltage control signal corresponding to a deviation value between a DC output voltage reference value set corresponding to a load and a voltage between terminals of a smoothing capacitor.
- a control unit is provided, and a current reference calculation unit that outputs a current reference signal from the product of the control signal from the DC voltage control unit and a sine wave-like synchronization signal synchronized with the AC power supply is provided.
- the switch element is controlled to be turned on and off at a high frequency, and the DC output voltage is controlled to a desired value while controlling the AC input current in a sine wave shape.
- the power source power factor can be set to 1 to suppress the generation of harmonics.
- the control pattern of the short circuit element is limited. That is, in these conventional techniques, the control pattern of the short-circuit element is limited to either the high-frequency switching mode in which current is fed back in the entire load region or the partial switching mode of current open loop control. Therefore, these prior arts do not operate the short-circuit element in order to avoid excessive boosting of the DC output voltage in the low load region, and power factor improvement is not performed. For this reason, the waveform distortion of the input current is large in the low load region, and the current containing a large amount of harmonic components flows through the reactor, increasing the reactor iron loss, thereby reducing the AC / DC conversion efficiency of the power factor correction circuit. .
- the short-circuit control of the short-circuit element when performing the power factor improvement in the prior art of Patent Document 1 described above is a part in which the short-circuit start timing and the short-circuit time are controlled by an open loop, and the short-circuit operation is performed only for a certain period with respect to the power cycle Although it is a switching system, the power factor can be improved and the DC output voltage can be boosted, but the effect is small on the high load side where the amount of harmonic generation increases. Therefore, in order to obtain a sufficient power factor improvement effect in the conventional technology, that is, a harmonic suppression capability, with a future harmonic regulation strengthening, a reactor having a large inductance value is required. There arises a problem that the circuit is increased in size and cost.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a power conversion device that can satisfy high boosting performance and harmonic standards while achieving high efficiency over the entire operation region of the load. To do.
- the present invention provides a rectifier circuit that converts AC power from an AC power source into DC power, a short-circuit unit that short-circuits the AC power source through a reactor, and the AC A control unit that generates a plurality of switching pulses for controlling the short-circuit unit during a half cycle of the power supply, and the control unit is a sinusoidal current control range that is a target control range of the power supply current of the AC power supply And the value of the power supply current is stored in the current control range.
- the current control range sinusoidal, the peak of the power source current during the half cycle of the AC power source is suppressed, and high boosting performance and higher harmonics are achieved while achieving high efficiency over the entire operating region of the load. There is an effect that the wave standard can be satisfied.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power conversion device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a first configuration diagram of the reference voltage generation circuit for pulse control.
- FIG. 3 is a second configuration diagram of the reference voltage generation circuit for pulse control.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a simple circuit including a reactor, a short-circuit unit, a rectifier circuit, and a smoothing capacitor.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a waveform of the power supply current when the short-circuit element is switched once in the half cycle of the AC power supply in the partial switching pulse mode.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an operation when pulse conversion is not performed in the pulse conversion unit.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a power conversion device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a first configuration diagram of the reference voltage generation circuit for pulse control.
- FIG. 3 is a second configuration diagram of the reference voltage
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the operation when pulse conversion is performed in the pulse conversion unit.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the current control range is expanded.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state where the current control range is narrowed.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an operation when pulse conversion is performed in a period shorter than the ON period of the drive signal.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an operation when pulse conversion is executed corresponding to the elapsed time from the zero cross of the power supply voltage.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the pulse conversion unit.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the operation when the pulse converter shown in FIG. 12 is used.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the power conversion device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the power supply cycle and the change rate of the power supply current.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the power supply cycle and the switching cycle when the current control range is a constant value with respect to the power supply cycle.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a power conversion device 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a first configuration diagram of the reference voltage generation circuit for pulse control.
- FIG. 3 is a second configuration diagram of the reference voltage generation circuit for pulse control.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a simple circuit including the reactor 2, the short-circuit unit 30, the rectifier circuit 3, and the smoothing capacitor 4.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a waveform of the power supply current Is when the short-circuit element 32 is switched once in the positive-side half cycle of the AC power supply 1 in the partial switching pulse mode.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the operation when the pulse conversion unit 22 does not perform pulse conversion.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a power conversion device 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a first configuration diagram of the reference voltage generation circuit for pulse control.
- FIG. 3 is a second configuration diagram of
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the operation when pulse conversion is performed in the pulse conversion unit 22.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the current control range is expanded.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state where the current control range is narrowed.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an operation when pulse conversion is performed in a period shorter than the ON period t of the drive signal Sa.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an operation when pulse conversion is executed in accordance with the elapsed time from the zero cross of the power supply voltage Vs.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the pulse conversion unit 22.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of the operation when the pulse converter 22 shown in FIG. 12 is used.
- a power conversion device 100 shown in FIG. 1 generates a DC voltage based on an AC voltage supplied from an AC power source 1 and supplies the DC voltage to a DC load 10 shown in FIG. , A smoothing capacitor 4, a DC voltage detection unit 5, a power supply voltage detection unit 6, a current detection unit 9, a control unit 20, a pulse transmission unit 24, and a short-circuit unit 30.
- the reactor 2 is connected to the AC power supply 1 side with respect to the short-circuit portion 30, and is inserted between, for example, one input end of the rectifier circuit 3 and the AC power supply 1.
- the rectifier circuit 3 is connected to the AC power source 1 through the reactor 2 and converts the AC voltage of the AC power source 1 into a DC voltage.
- the rectifier circuit 3 in the illustrated example is configured by a diode bridge in which four diodes are combined.
- the rectifier circuit 3 is not limited to this, and a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor which is a diode-connected unidirectional conducting element is combined. May be configured.
- a smoothing capacitor 4 is connected between the output terminals of the rectifier circuit 3, and the smoothing capacitor 4 smoothes the voltage of the full-wave rectified waveform output from the rectifier circuit 3.
- a DC load 10 is connected in parallel to both ends of the smoothing capacitor 4.
- the current detection means 9 includes a current detection element 8 and a current detection unit 7.
- the current detection element 8 is connected between the reactor 2 and the rectifier circuit 3 and detects the current value at the connection position.
- a current transformer or a shunt resistor is used for the current detection element 8.
- the current detection unit 7 is realized by an amplifier or a level shift circuit, converts a voltage directly proportional to the current detected by the current detection element 8 into a current detection voltage Vis within a low voltage range that can be handled by the control unit 20, and outputs the voltage. To do.
- the DC voltage detection unit 5 is realized by an amplifier or a level shift circuit, detects the voltage across the smoothing capacitor 4, converts the detected voltage into a voltage detection value within a low voltage range that can be handled by the control unit 20, and outputs the detected voltage. To do.
- the short-circuit unit 30 which is a bidirectional switch is composed of a diode bridge 31 connected in parallel to the AC power supply 1 via the reactor 2 and a short-circuit element 32 connected to both output terminals of the diode bridge 31.
- the short-circuit element 32 is a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
- the gate of the short-circuit element 32 is connected to the pulse transmission unit 24, and the short-circuit element 32 is turned on / off by the drive signal Sa2 that is a gate drive signal from the pulse transmission unit 24.
- the short-circuit element 32 is turned on, the AC power supply 1 is short-circuited via the reactor 2 and the diode bridge 31.
- the control unit 20 includes a drive signal generation unit 21 and a pulse conversion unit 22, and is configured by a microcomputer or a central processing unit.
- the drive signal generation unit 21 Based on the value of the DC output voltage Vdc detected by the DC voltage detection unit 5 and the value of the power supply voltage Vs detected by the power supply voltage detection unit 6, the drive signal generation unit 21 detects the short circuit element 32 of the short circuit unit 30. A drive signal Sa that is a plurality of switching pulses to be controlled is generated.
- the drive signal generation unit 21 obtains a difference value between the value of the DC output voltage Vdc and the value of the power supply voltage Vs, and performs the proportional control, the proportional integration control, or the proportional integration differential control on the difference value, thereby supplying the difference value to the power source.
- a hysteresis reference voltage that matches the phase of the voltage Vs is generated.
- the hysteresis reference voltage is referred to as a reference voltage V ref
- the reference voltage V ref is a threshold value that limits the value of the power source current Is of the AC power source 1.
- These reference voltages V ref are generated by the circuit shown in FIG. 2 or FIG.
- the circuit in FIG. 2 generates the reference voltage V ref by converting the pulse width modulation signal, which is the port output Sb of the drive signal generation unit 21, into a DC value using a low-pass filter.
- the value of the reference voltage V ref can be varied seamlessly by controlling the duty ratio of the pulse width modulation signal.
- the circuit of FIG. 3 can vary the value of the reference voltage V ref by the voltage dividing ratio of the resistors Rb and Rc by driving the switch TR with the port output Sb of the drive signal generator 21.
- the circuit for generating the reference voltage V ref is not limited to this, and may be generated by a known circuit other than the circuit shown in FIG. 2 or 3, or generated outside the control unit 20. These reference voltages V ref may be used.
- the pulse converter 22 generates a switching pulse that fits the peak value of the power supply current Is detected during the ON period t of the drive signal Sa within a current control range w that is a target control range of the power supply current Is of the AC power supply 1. .
- the pulse converter 22 is set with an upper limit threshold and a lower limit threshold of the current control range w having the reference voltage V ref from the drive signal generator 21 as a center value.
- the pulse converter 22 divides the drive signal Sa into a plurality of pulses in order to keep the value of the power supply current Is detected during the ON period t of the drive signal Sa between the upper limit threshold and the lower limit threshold.
- the divided drive signal Sa becomes the drive signal Sa1.
- the on period t is a period from when the drive signal Sa is turned on to when it is turned off.
- the upper threshold is a threshold that regulates the upper limit of the short-circuit current that flows when the short-circuit unit 30 is turned on
- the lower threshold is a threshold that is set to a value smaller than the upper threshold.
- the pulse conversion unit 22 changes the upper limit threshold and the lower limit threshold of the current control range w in order to make the power supply current Is in phase with the power supply voltage Vs, that is, a sine wave.
- the relationship among the reference voltage V ref , the current control range w, the upper limit threshold, and the lower limit threshold is expressed by the following expression.
- the pulse transmission unit 24 is configured by a level shift circuit, performs voltage level shift so that gate driving can be performed, converts the drive signal Sa1 into the drive signal Sa2, and outputs the converted signal.
- the open / close operation of the short-circuit portion 30 is performed by the drive signal Sa2 obtained in this way.
- the pulse conversion is an operation for dividing the drive signal Sa into a plurality of pulses.
- the pulse conversion is an operation for dividing the drive signal Sa into a plurality of pulses.
- a partial switching pulse mode turning on and off the short-circuit portion 30 one to several times in a half cycle of the power supply.
- FIG. 4 shows a current path when the short-circuit unit 30 is turned on / off.
- the short-circuit unit 30 When the short-circuit unit 30 is turned on, a closed circuit is formed by the AC power source 1, the reactor 2, and the short-circuit unit 30, and the AC power source 1 is short-circuited via the reactor 2. Therefore, the power source current Is flows in the closed circuit, and the magnetic energy obtained by (1/2) ⁇ LI 2 is accumulated in the reactor 2.
- the stored energy is discharged to the DC load 10 side at the same time as the short-circuit unit 30 is turned off, rectified by the rectifier circuit 3, and transferred to the smoothing capacitor 4.
- the power source current Is as shown in FIG. 5 flows, and the conduction angle of the power source current Is can be expanded as compared with the passive mode without power factor improvement, and the power factor can be improved.
- the energy accumulated in the reactor 2 can be controlled by controlling the short circuit start time and the short circuit duration time of the short circuit unit 30, and the DC output voltage Vdc can be boosted steplessly.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of the operation in the partial switching pulse mode, and shows the drive signal Sa1 that is a single pulse when the short-circuit unit 30 is switched once during the power supply half cycle.
- the number of times of switching the short-circuit portion 30 may be two or more.
- FIG. 6 shows the waveform of the power supply current Is when the drive signal Sa, which is a single pulse from the drive signal generator 21, is not converted into a plurality of pulses.
- the drive signal Sa1 is turned on at the timing when the drive signal Sa is turned on, and the drive signal Sa1 is also turned on during the on period t of the drive signal Sa. Only on for a period equal to Accordingly, the short-circuit time of the short-circuit element 32 becomes longer in direct proportion to the on-period t of the drive signal Sa when the power supply voltage Vs is boosted, and the power supply current Is increases as shown in the illustrated example.
- the power supply current Is reaches the set value, the drive signal Sa is turned off, and the drive signal Sa1 is turned off at the timing when the drive signal Sa is turned off.
- FIG. 7 shows the waveform of the power supply current Is when the drive signal Sa, which is a single pulse from the drive signal generator 21, is converted into a plurality of pulses.
- the drive signal Sa1 is turned on at the timing when the drive signal Sa is turned on, and the power supply current Is increases.
- the current detection voltage Vis output from the current detection unit 7, that is, the current detection value detected by the current detection unit 7 increases.
- the pulse converter 22 turns off the drive signal Sa1.
- the power supply current Is decreases and the current detection value decreases. Thereafter, when the current detection value falls below the lower limit threshold during the period in which the drive signal Sa is on, the pulse converter 22 turns on the drive signal Sa1 again. The power supply current Is increases again, and the current detection value detected by the current detector 7 increases.
- the value of the power supply current Is within the on period t of the drive signal Sa is controlled within the current control range w. Therefore, even when the DC output voltage Vdc is boosted to a relatively high value, the value of the power supply current Is when the drive signal Sa shown in FIG. 7 is turned on is the same as when the drive signal Sa shown in FIG. 6 is turned on. It is suppressed from the value of the power supply current Is when
- the number of switching times of the drive signal Sa1 within the above-described on period t of the drive signal Sa is controlled, and the waveform of the power supply current Is is changed. be able to.
- the current control range w1 shown in FIG. 8 is wider than the current control range w2 shown in FIG. 9, and is set to a constant value during the half cycle of the power supply.
- the pulse conversion permission period equal to the on period t of the drive signal Sa is set has been described, but the pulse conversion permission period need not be the same as the on period t of the drive signal Sa.
- a time shorter than the ON period t of the drive signal Sa may be set as the pulse conversion permission period t1.
- the drive signal Sa1 is turned on at the timing when the drive signal Sa is turned on, thereby increasing the power supply current Is.
- the pulse conversion unit 22 does not perform pulse conversion, and the pulse indicating the start of the pulse conversion permission period t1 is turned on.
- the drive signal Sa1 is turned off, and the power supply current Is decreases.
- the drive signal Sa1 is turned on in the pulse converter 22 and the power supply current Is increases.
- the drive signal Sa1 is turned off in the pulse converter 22, and the power supply current Is decreases again.
- the pulse conversion permission period t1 shorter than the ON period t of the drive signal Sa is set, the value of the power supply current Is in the pulse conversion permission period t1 is controlled within the current control range w.
- the pulse conversion permission period equal to the on period t of the drive signal Sa is set, the number of switching times of the drive signal Sa1 is reduced, and the temperature rise is suppressed and the noise is reduced by suppressing the loss of the element. Is possible.
- the pulse converter 22 may be configured to start pulse conversion corresponding to the elapsed time from the zero cross point t0 of the power supply voltage Vs.
- the drive signal Sa1 is turned on at the timing when the drive signal Sa is turned on, and the power supply current Is increases until a predetermined time T1 elapses from the zero cross point t0.
- the pulse converter 22 controls the power supply current Is in the current control range w from the time when the fixed time T1 has passed until the fixed time T2 has passed.
- the drive signal is compared with the case where the pulse conversion is performed in the entire on period t of the drive signal Sa.
- the switching frequency of Sa1 is reduced, and it is possible to suppress temperature rise and noise by suppressing element loss.
- the pulse converter 22 shown in FIG. 12 includes a positive-side hysteresis comparator HCH, a negative-side hysteresis comparator HCL, and a plurality of logic ICs.
- the positive reference voltage V refH is a positive reference voltage V ref generated by the drive signal generator 21, and the negative reference voltage V refL is a negative reference voltage V generated by the drive signal generator 21. ref .
- the positive side hysteresis comparator HCH receives the current detection voltage Vis that is the output of the current detection unit 7 and the positive side reference voltage V refH .
- the current detection voltage Vis and the negative reference voltage V refL are input to the negative hysteresis comparator HCL.
- the pulse converter 22 can generate the drive signal Sa1 regardless of the current polarity.
- the positive-side hysteresis comparator HCH the positive-side upper limit threshold V THH (H) calculated by the expression (1), the positive-side lower limit threshold V THH (L) calculated by the expression (2), and the positive-side reference voltage V
- the hysteresis ⁇ corresponding to the current control range w on the positive electrode side is determined by the relationship with refH .
- the output of the positive side hysteresis comparator HCH is inverted by the NOT logic IC3.
- the AND logic IC2 ′ takes an AND of the output of the NOT logic IC3 and the drive signal Sa, and outputs a positive drive signal SaH.
- V d of equation (1) represents a low-voltage power supply
- (2) the V OL represents the output saturation voltage of the operational amplifier.
- the negative-side upper limit threshold V THL (H) is calculated by the equation (1)
- the negative-side lower limit threshold V THL (L) is calculated by the equation (2).
- the hysteresis ⁇ corresponding to the current control range w on the negative electrode side is determined by the relationship between the negative electrode side upper limit threshold value V THL (H), the negative electrode side lower limit threshold value V THL (L), and the negative electrode side reference voltage V refL .
- the AND logic IC2 the AND logic of the output of the negative side hysteresis comparator HCL and the drive signal Sa is taken and the negative side drive signal SaL is output.
- the AND logic IC4 takes the AND logic of the positive drive signal SaH and the negative drive signal SaL, and outputs the drive signal Sa1 as a result of the AND logic.
- the pulse converter 22 having a plurality of hysteresis comparators as shown in FIG. 12 it becomes possible to generate the drive signal Sa1 regardless of the current polarity, and the power supply current Is of FIG. 13, that is, the waveform of the current detection voltage Vis. Can be controlled. Therefore, the DC output voltage Vdc can be boosted while suppressing the peak value of the short-circuit current that flows when the short-circuit unit 30 is turned on.
- the hysteresis comparator of FIG. 12 can change the width of the hysteresis ⁇ by changing the resistance values of the resistors R1, R2, and R3.
- the combined resistance value can be switched by connecting a series circuit of a switch and a resistor in parallel to the resistor R2 or the resistor R2 'and opening and closing the switch.
- the short-circuit unit 30 is controlled using the power supply current Is detected by the current detection unit 7 .
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the drive signal Sa1 which is a plurality of switching pulses by a prior test and holding the corresponding relationship in the external input or the control unit 20
- the short-circuit unit is detected without detecting the power supply current Is. 30 controls are possible.
- the necessity of detection of the power supply current Is may be selected according to the system specifications to be constructed.
- the drive signal Sa1 is generated by a hysteresis comparator configured by hardware.
- the hysteresis comparator may be configured by software. Even when configured by software, the same effect can be obtained.
- the hysteresis comparator is preferably configured by hardware from the viewpoint of reducing the load.
- the power conversion device 100 is configured to generate the drive signal Sa1 using the current detection value detected by the current detection unit 7, but the control unit 20 does not use the current detection unit 7.
- the drive signal Sa1 may be generated by detecting the value of the power supply current Is.
- the reactor 2 is inserted between the AC power source 1 and the rectifier circuit 3, and the rectifier circuit 3 is connected to the AC power source 1 via the reactor 2. Therefore, the positional relationship between the rectifier circuit 3, the reactor 2, and the short-circuit unit 30 is not limited to the configuration shown in the drawing.
- the power conversion device 100 may have a configuration in which the power source current Is flows in the order of the AC power source 1, the reactor 2, the short-circuit unit 30, and the AC power source 1 at the time of a short circuit, for example, rectification between the AC power source 1 and the reactor 2.
- a configuration in which the circuit 3 is inserted and the reactor 2 is connected to the AC power source 1 via the rectifier circuit 3 may be employed.
- the power conversion device 100 controls the short-circuit unit 30 during the half cycle of the rectifier circuit 3, the short-circuit unit 30 that short-circuits the AC power source 1, and the AC power source 1.
- a control unit 20 that generates a drive signal Sa1 that is a plurality of switching pulses, and the control unit 20 generates a sine-wave current control range w that is a target control range of the power source current Is of the AC power source 1, The value of the power supply current Is is stored in the control range w.
- the DC output voltage Vdc can be boosted while suppressing the peak of the power supply current Is as compared with the conventional simple switching converter. Moreover, since the peak of the power supply current Is can be suppressed, distortion of the power supply current Is when the short-circuit portion 30 is turned on can be suppressed, and harmonic components can be suppressed. In addition, since the peak of the power supply current Is can be suppressed, the passing period of the power supply current Is can be extended, and the power factor can be improved. In addition, since the peak of the power supply current Is can be suppressed, an increase in capacity of the filter circuit and other components that constitute the AC power supply 1 can be suppressed, and an increase in cost can be suppressed.
- the design load can be reduced because the switching can be performed with a suitable number of switching times and pulse timing regardless of the load condition.
- the power conversion apparatus 100 since the reference voltage V ref can be varied sinusoidally during power half cycle, compared with the case of not changing the reference voltage V ref, the power supply current Is The degree of freedom of control can be increased. Further, by performing part of the processing in the control unit 20 with a hysteresis comparator, the calculation load in the control unit 20 is reduced, and the power conversion device 100 can be manufactured with an inexpensive central processing unit. Further, by changing the reference voltage V ref in a sine wave shape, an excessive increase in switching pulses can be prevented and generated noise can be suppressed. Further, by changing the reference voltage V ref , the pulse division operation can be restricted only to a specific region. Therefore, noise caused by the switching operation can be reduced.
- FIG. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the power conversion apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the power supply cycle and the change rate of the power supply current.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the power supply cycle and the switching cycle when the current control range w is a constant value with respect to the power supply cycle.
- the power conversion apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment includes the same components as those of the first embodiment, except that the current control range w is changed in accordance with the phase of the power supply voltage Vs.
- the horizontal axis represents the phase
- the vertical axis represents the slope of the power supply current Is, which is the rate of change of the power supply current Is.
- the solid line waveform represents the slope of the power supply current Is when the short-circuit portion 30 is on during the half cycle of the power supply
- the dotted line waveform represents the slope of the power supply current Is when the short-circuit portion 30 is off.
- the slope of the power supply current Is when the short-circuit portion 30 is on is obtained as Vs / L.
- the slope of the power supply current Is when the short-circuit portion 30 is off is (Vs ⁇ Vdc) / L when the current polarity is positive.
- Vs is a power supply voltage
- Vdc is an output voltage
- L is an inductance of the reactor 2.
- the switching cycle indicated by the symbol A represents the switching cycle in the phase between the vicinity of the zero cross of the power supply voltage Vs and the peak value of the power supply current Is.
- the switching period indicated by the symbol B represents a switching period in a phase near the zero cross of the power supply voltage Vs and a switching period in a phase near the peak of the power supply current Is.
- the switching period in the phase indicated by the symbol A is shorter than the switching period in the phase indicated by the symbol B. That is, the switching frequency of the plurality of drive signals Sa1 generated during the half cycle of the power supply does not become a constant value.
- the switching cycle of the plurality of drive signals Sa generated during the half cycle of the power supply varies depending on the phase of the power supply voltage Vs. This is because, as described with reference to FIG. 15, when the current control range w is set to a constant value, the slope of the power supply current Is when the short-circuit portion 30 is on is different from the slope of the power supply current Is when the short circuit portion 30 is off. .
- the pulse conversion unit 22 of the second embodiment reduces the switching frequency by widening the current control range w1 in the phase of the short switching period as shown in FIG. Suppresses loss increase, radiation noise, and noise terminal voltage.
- the pulse converter 22 of the second embodiment increases the switching frequency by narrowing the current control range w2 in the phase of the long switching period, as shown in FIG. Reduce noise.
- the pulse converter 22 of the second embodiment may be configured to determine the phase of the power supply voltage based on the elapsed time from the zero cross point of the power supply voltage Vs.
- the current control ranges w1 and w2 can be controlled without adding a means for detecting the phase of the power supply voltage Vs.
- the pulse converter 22 of the first and second embodiments may be configured to change the current control range w in accordance with the frequency of the drive signal Sa1 that is a plurality of switching pulses. For example, when the frequency of the drive signal Sa1 becomes equal to or higher than a specified value as a result of increasing the frequency of the reference drive signal Sa1, the pulse converter 22 sets the current control range w to make the frequency of the drive signal Sa1 less than the specified value. spread. With this configuration, the load at the time of generating the drive signal Sa1 is reduced, and the power conversion device 100 can be manufactured with inexpensive parts.
- the short-circuit unit 30 is controlled using the power supply current Is detected by the current detection unit 7 , but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the power supply current Is and the drive signal Sa1 that is a plurality of switching pulses are associated with each other, and the corresponding relationship is held in the external input or the control unit 20 so that the short circuit unit is detected without detecting the power supply current Is. 30 controls are possible.
- the necessity of detection of the power supply current Is may be selected according to the system specifications to be constructed.
- the power converter device 100 of Embodiment 1, 2 is a structure which produces
- the control unit 20 may directly detect the value of the power supply current Is and generate the drive signal Sa1.
- this invention is useful for the power converter device provided with the short circuit part which short-circuits AC power supply.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る電力変換装置100の構成例を示す図である。図2は、パルス制御用基準電圧生成回路の第1の構成図である。図3は、パルス制御用基準電圧生成回路の第2の構成図である。図4は、リアクタ2、短絡部30、整流回路3、および平滑コンデンサ4から成る簡易回路を示す図である。図5は、部分スイッチングパルスモードで交流電源1の正極側半周期に短絡素子32を1回スイッチングさせたときの電源電流Isの波形を示す図である。図6は、パルス変換部22でパルス変換が行われていない場合の動作の説明図である。図7は、パルス変換部22でパルス変換が行われている場合の動作の説明図である。図8は、電流制御範囲を広げた状態を示す図である。図9は、電流制御範囲を狭めた状態を示す図である。図10は、駆動信号Saのオン期間tよりも短い期間でパルス変換を行っているときの動作の説明図である。図11は、電源電圧Vsのゼロクロスからの経過時間に対応してパルス変換を実行する場合の動作の説明図である。図12は、パルス変換部22の構成例を示す図である。図13は、図12に示されるパルス変換部22を用いた場合の動作の説明図である。
上限閾値:Vref+w/2
下限閾値:Vref-w/2
図14は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る電力変換装置100の動作の説明図である。図15は、電源周期と電源電流の変化率との関係を表す図である。図16は、電源周期に対して電流制御範囲wを一定値にした場合における電源周期とスイッチング周期との関係を表す図である。実施の形態2に係る電力変換装置100は、実施の形態1と同様の構成要素を備えているが、電源電圧Vsの位相に対応して電流制御範囲wを変化させる点が異なる。
Claims (8)
- 交流電源からの交流電力を直流電力に変換する整流回路と、
リアクタを介して前記交流電源を短絡する短絡部と、
前記交流電源の半周期中に、前記短絡部を制御する複数のスイッチングパルスを生成する制御部と、
を備え、
前記制御部は、前記交流電源の電源電流の目標制御範囲である正弦波状の電流制御範囲を生成し、前記電流制御範囲に前記電源電流の値を収める電力変換装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記交流電源の電源電圧の位相と同位相の前記電流制御範囲を生成する請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記交流電源の電源電圧の位相を前記電源電圧のゼロクロス点からの経過時間で判断する請求項2に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記交流電源の電源電圧の位相に対応して前記電流制御範囲を広げる請求項1から3の何れか1項に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記交流電源の電源電圧の位相に対応して前記電流制御範囲を狭める請求項1から3の何れか1項に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記制御部は、前記複数のスイッチングパルスの周波数に対応して前記電流制御範囲を変化させる請求項1から3の何れか1項に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記制御部には、前記各スイッチングパルスと前記電源電流との対応関係が設定され、
前記制御部は、前記対応関係を用いて前記短絡部を制御する請求項1から6の何れか1項に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記制御部は、前記制御部の外部に設けられた電流検出手段で検出された電源電流を用いて前記短絡部を制御し、または、前記電流検出手段を用いずに直接前記電源電流を検出して前記短絡部を制御する請求項1から6の何れか1項に記載の電力変換装置。
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CN201480080833.1A CN106537750B (zh) | 2014-08-05 | 2014-08-05 | 电力转换装置 |
PCT/JP2014/070576 WO2016020980A1 (ja) | 2014-08-05 | 2014-08-05 | 電力変換装置 |
US15/326,776 US9991817B2 (en) | 2014-08-05 | 2014-08-05 | Power converting device that uses a sine-wave-shaped current control range to output drive signal |
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CN107078655B (zh) * | 2014-09-30 | 2019-08-16 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 电力转换装置 |
WO2017130357A1 (ja) * | 2016-01-28 | 2017-08-03 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 電力変換装置 |
JP6913056B2 (ja) * | 2018-05-29 | 2021-08-04 | 株式会社Soken | 電力変換装置の制御装置 |
CN112103953B (zh) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-04-22 | 西安交通大学 | 一种基于双向可控开关的无级调压配电变压器及调压方法 |
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