WO2016017069A1 - Dispositif de déposition de métal au laser - Google Patents

Dispositif de déposition de métal au laser Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016017069A1
WO2016017069A1 PCT/JP2015/003368 JP2015003368W WO2016017069A1 WO 2016017069 A1 WO2016017069 A1 WO 2016017069A1 JP 2015003368 W JP2015003368 W JP 2015003368W WO 2016017069 A1 WO2016017069 A1 WO 2016017069A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
workpiece
cover
nozzle
inert gas
laser metal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/003368
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
敏郎 辻
義郎 壁
嘉秀 今村
勇人 岩崎
博 北野
Original Assignee
川崎重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 川崎重工業株式会社 filed Critical 川崎重工業株式会社
Publication of WO2016017069A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016017069A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a laser metal overlay (LMD: Laser Metal Deposition) apparatus for depositing on the surface of a workpiece using metal powder.
  • LMD Laser Metal Deposition
  • a laser metal overlaying apparatus has been used to repair damaged parts or realize a near net shape (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the metal powder is used to build up on the surface of the workpiece, and the laser beam is irradiated from the nozzle toward the workpiece and the metal powder is ejected.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a laser metal overlaying apparatus capable of constructing an inert gas environment with a small amount of inert gas rather than arranging the entire laser metal overlaying apparatus in a work chamber.
  • a laser metal overlaying apparatus includes a nozzle that irradiates a workpiece with laser light and injects metal powder, and a cover that is penetrated by the nozzle. And a cover that covers the workpiece so as to form a closed space around the nozzle.
  • metal powder is injected from a nozzle together with an inert gas. Therefore, if the closed space is formed by the cover at least around the nozzle as in the above configuration, the closed space can be filled with the inert gas. Moreover, since the cover is so close to the workpiece that it is penetrated by the nozzle, the volume of the closed space is small. Therefore, an inert gas environment can be constructed with a smaller amount of inert gas than when the entire laser metal overlaying apparatus is disposed in the work chamber.
  • the laser metal overlaying apparatus may further include a gas supply pipe that passes through the cover and supplies an inert gas into the closed space. If the gas supply pipe is not provided, in order to fill the closed space with an inert gas, for example, at the start of build-up, it is necessary to stop the injection of metal powder and to inject only the inert gas from the nozzle There is. On the other hand, if the gas supply pipe is provided, it is not necessary to take such special measures, and the closed space can be filled with the inert gas from the start of the build-up.
  • the cover may have a dome shape that covers the workpiece around the nozzle. According to this configuration, the amount of inert gas used can be minimized.
  • the cover may have a box shape that accommodates the workpiece. According to this configuration, a part or the whole of the work is always maintained in an inert gas environment. Therefore, for example, even if the moving speed of the nozzle is fast and the melting zone in the bead formed by the build-up is large, the melting zone is not exposed to the atmosphere.
  • the cover is a cover body that surrounds the workpiece and formed with a slit, and a sliding lid that closes the slit and is slidable along the slit, and has a sliding hole that is inserted into the nozzle. And a moving lid. According to this configuration, the sliding lid can be moved relative to the cover body together with the nozzle while closing the slit of the cover body with the sliding lid.
  • the laser metal overlaying apparatus is for forming an annular protrusion on the workpiece, and further includes a turntable for rotating the workpiece, wherein the slit and the sliding lid are centered on the rotation center of the workpiece. It may be an annular shape. According to this configuration, it is possible to easily form an annular protrusion having a high height.
  • the workpiece may have a tapered peripheral wall, and the annular protrusion may be formed on the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall. According to this configuration, an inward flange that is difficult to form by casting can be formed.
  • the workpiece may be made of a titanium alloy.
  • FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the laser metal cladding apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention in the bead formation direction
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 1A.
  • It is an expanded sectional view of the nozzle of a laser metal cladding apparatus.
  • It is sectional drawing in the bead formation direction of the principal part of the laser metal cladding apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.
  • It is a top view of the principal part of the laser metal cladding apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 7A is a side sectional view of an essential part of a laser metal cladding apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7B is a front view of the essential part. It is a one part enlarged view of FIG. 7A.
  • First embodiment 1A and 1B show a main part of a laser metal overlay (hereinafter referred to as “LMD”) apparatus 1A according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • This LMD apparatus 1A is for depositing on the surface of the workpiece 2 using metal powder.
  • the LMD apparatus 1 ⁇ / b> A includes a nozzle 3 that irradiates a laser beam 31 toward the workpiece 2 and injects a metal powder 32.
  • the metal powder 32 is jetted from the nozzle 3 together with an inert gas.
  • Inert gas is helium, argon, nitrogen, a carbon dioxide etc., for example.
  • the LMD device 1A includes a moving device (for example, a robot or a feed mechanism) that moves the nozzle 3, and a laser main body that generates the laser light 31 that is disposed on the optical axis of the nozzle 3. And a supply device for supplying the metal powder 32 and the inert gas to the nozzle 3.
  • the laser main body is not necessarily arranged on the optical axis of the nozzle 3. For example, laser light from the laser main body may be guided to the nozzle 3 through an optical fiber.
  • the moving direction of the nozzle 3 is the bead forming direction.
  • the bead formation direction may be a straight line or a curved line.
  • the workpiece 2 may be moved in the direction opposite to the bead formation direction.
  • work 2 is not specifically limited,
  • work 2 consists of titanium alloys.
  • the metal powder 32 may have the same composition as the workpiece 2 or may have a different composition.
  • the metal powder 32 may be a titanium alloy different from the workpiece 2 or an alloy other than the titanium alloy.
  • the LMD device 1A includes a cover 4 that covers at least the work 3 around the nozzle 3 as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.
  • a dome-shaped cover 4 ⁇ / b> A that covers the work 2 around the nozzle 3 is employed as the cover 4.
  • the cover 4 ⁇ / b> A forms a closed space 5 between the work 2. That is, the closed space 5 is a space that faces the workpiece 2 and is surrounded by the cover 4A. Further, a part of the cover 4 ⁇ / b> A parallel to the work 2 is penetrated by the nozzle 3.
  • the cover 4 ⁇ / b> A is fixed to the nozzle 3 and moves in the bead formation direction together with the nozzle 3.
  • the receiving part of cover 4A does not necessarily need to be parallel to the workpiece
  • the nozzle 3 may penetrate through parts other than the receiving part of the cover 4A.
  • the cover 4A is arranged so as to be slightly separated from the workpiece 2. That is, the closed space 5 is not a complete closed space, but slightly communicates with the surrounding space. For this reason, the inert gas injected with the metal powder 32 from the nozzle 3 is discharged
  • the cover 4A may be disposed so as to contact the workpiece 2, and the cover 4A may be provided with a plurality of small through holes.
  • the shape of the cover 4A is preferably a shape that is long from the nozzle 3 in the direction opposite to the bead formation direction. This is because the portion including the melting region 22 in the bead 21 is widely covered.
  • the shape of the cover 4A can be determined by grasping the region that reacts with oxygen through experiments and analysis.
  • the closed space 5 is formed by the cover 4A around the nozzle 3, for example, when the build-up starts, the injection of the metal powder 32 is stopped and the nozzle is stopped. If only the inert gas is injected from 3, the closed space 5 can be filled with the inert gas. Moreover, since the cover 4A is closer to the workpiece 2 as it penetrates the nozzle 3, the volume of the closed space 5 is small. That is, what penetrates the cover 4 ⁇ / b> A is not a moving device connected to the base end side of the nozzle 3 for moving the nozzle 3. Therefore, an inert gas environment can be constructed with a smaller amount of inert gas than when the entire laser metal overlaying apparatus is disposed in the work chamber.
  • the formation of the closed space 5 by the cover 4A is particularly useful when the workpiece 2 is made of a titanium alloy.
  • the amount of inert gas used can be minimized.
  • the dome-shaped cover 4A is penetrated through the gas supply pipe 6.
  • the gas supply pipe 6 supplies an inert gas into the closed space 5.
  • An inert gas is supplied to the gas supply pipe 6 from a supply device (not shown).
  • Inert gas is helium, argon, nitrogen, a carbon dioxide etc., for example.
  • the inert gas supplied from the gas supply pipe 6 may be the same as or different from the inert gas injected from the nozzle 3 together with the metal powder 32 (see FIG. 2).
  • the position where the gas supply pipe 6 penetrates the cover 4A is not particularly limited when the possibility that the flow of the inert gas from the gas supply pipe 6 affects the injection of the metal powder 32 from the nozzle 3 is small.
  • the position where the gas supply pipe 6 penetrates the cover 4A is the nozzle 3 It is desirable that it is on the opposite side to the bead forming direction.
  • the direction of the gas supply pipe 6 may be set so that the flow of the inert gas from the gas supply pipe 6 does not interfere with the injection of the metal powder 32 from the nozzle 3.
  • the opening direction of the gas supply pipe 6 may be opposite to the bead formation direction.
  • the gas supply pipe 6 is provided as in this embodiment, it is not necessary to take such a special measure, and the inside of the closed space 5 is filled with an inert gas from the start of the build-up. Can do.
  • a box-shaped cover 4B that accommodates the entire work 2 is employed as the cover 4 that covers the work 2 at least around the nozzle 3. That is, the cover 4 ⁇ / b> B forms a closed space 5 around the work 2.
  • the cover 4B is a rectangular parallelepiped extending along a bead formation direction that is a straight line.
  • the bead formation direction may be a curve.
  • the cover 4 ⁇ / b> B includes a cover main body 41 that surrounds the entire work 2, and a sliding lid 45 attached to the cover main body 41.
  • the cover main body 41 has a bottom wall, a ceiling wall, and four side walls. Then, the work 2 is fixed to the bottom wall of the cover main body 41.
  • One side wall of the cover body 41 is penetrated by the gas supply pipe 6. As described in the first embodiment, the gas supply pipe 6 supplies an inert gas into the closed space 5.
  • a relatively large rectangular slit 42 (in FIG. 4, the diagonal line of the slit 42 is indicated by a two-dot chain line) is formed on the ceiling wall of the cover body 41, extending along the bead formation direction. Further, the guide grooves 43 extend from the four corners of the slit 42 along the bead formation direction.
  • the sliding lid 45 closes the slit 42 and is configured to be slidable along the slit 42.
  • the sliding lid 45 includes a pair of closing plates 47 disposed above and below the ceiling wall of the cover body 41 and a pair of vertical plates 48 that connect the closing plates 47 through the guide grooves 43.
  • the closing plate 47 is a belt-like plate extending in the same direction as the slit 42 and having a size capable of closing the slit 42 regardless of the position of the sliding lid 45.
  • the vertical plate 48 is also a portion guided by the guide groove 43 and has substantially the same length as the closing plate 47.
  • the longitudinal plates 48 are connected at the center in the length direction and the height direction by a horizontal plate 49, and an opening having substantially the same size as the horizontal plate 49 is provided at the center of each closing plate 47.
  • a vertical plate 40 that bridges the vertical plates 48 is disposed on both sides of the horizontal plate 49 in the bead forming direction, and the closing plates 47 are also connected to each other by the vertical plate 40.
  • the horizontal plate 49 is provided with an insertion hole 46 through which the nozzle 3 is inserted.
  • the horizontal plate 49 may be arranged at the same level as one of the closing plates 47.
  • the entire work 2 is accommodated in the cover 4B, the entire work 2 is always maintained in an inert gas environment. Therefore, for example, even if the moving speed of the nozzle 3 is fast and the melting region in the bead 21 formed by the build-up is large, the melting region is not exposed to the atmosphere.
  • the cover 4B is composed of the cover main body 41 and the sliding lid 45, the sliding lid 45 and the nozzle 3 are relatively located with respect to the cover main body 41 while closing the slit 42 of the cover main body 41 with the sliding lid 45. Can be moved.
  • the outer closing plate 47 is preferably provided with an extension 44 so that the guide groove 43 is always closed.
  • the LMD apparatus 1D which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
  • FIG. 7B the drawing of the nozzle 3 is omitted for explanation of the cover 4C described later.
  • the LMD device 1D of the present embodiment is for forming an annular protrusion on the work 2.
  • the LMD device 1 ⁇ / b> D includes a turntable 81 that rotates the workpiece 2.
  • the workpiece 2 is axisymmetric and has a disk-shaped main wall 26 parallel to the turntable 81, and a tapered peripheral wall 25 that extends from the peripheral portion of the main wall 26 toward the opposite side of the turntable 81. have.
  • a through hole 27 is provided at the center of the main wall 26.
  • An annular protrusion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 25 by irradiation with the laser beam 31 (see FIG. 2) from the nozzle 3 and injection of the metal powder 32 (see FIG. 2).
  • the main wall 26 of the work 2 is fixed to the turntable 8 via a ring-shaped first jig 82. Further, a ring-shaped second jig 83 is attached to the main wall 26 of the work 2 so as to sandwich the main wall 26 together with the first jig 82.
  • a box-shaped cover 4 ⁇ / b> C that accommodates the outer peripheral side portion of the work 2 (outer peripheral edge portions of the peripheral wall 25 and the main wall 26) is employed as the cover 4 that covers the work 2 around at least the nozzle 3. . That is, the cover 4 ⁇ / b> C forms a closed space 5 around the outer peripheral side portion of the work 2.
  • the cover 4C has a circular dish shape in plan view, and has a hollow dish shape having a through hole at the center and opening inward in the radial direction.
  • the opening that opens inward in the radial direction of the cover 4 ⁇ / b> C is closed by the first and second jigs 82 and 83.
  • the cover 4 ⁇ / b> C includes a cover body 71 that surrounds the outer peripheral side portion of the work 2, and a sliding lid 73 attached to the cover body 71.
  • the cover main body 71 is fixed to the first and second jigs 82 and 83 and rotates together with the work 2.
  • the sliding lid 73 is fixed to the nozzle 3 and does not rotate with the workpiece 2 and the cover body 71 even when the workpiece 2 rotates.
  • An annular slit 72 centering on the rotation center of the work 2 is formed in a portion of the cover body 71 facing the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 25 of the work 2.
  • the sliding lid 73 closes the slit 72 and has an annular shape centering on the rotation center of the workpiece 2.
  • the sliding lid 73 is configured to be slidable along the slit 72.
  • the sliding lid 73 is provided on the cover plate 76 disposed on the line connecting the edges along the slit 72 in the cover main body 71, and both ends of the cover plate 76.
  • the cover body 71 has a pair of guide portions 77 that form grooves into which the edge portions along the slits 72 are fitted.
  • the closing plate 76 is provided with an insertion hole 74 through which the nozzle 3 is inserted.
  • the closing plate 76 is not necessarily arranged on the line connecting the edges along the slit 72 in the cover body 71, and may be arranged at an arbitrary position within the height range of the guide portion 77. Good.
  • the closing plate 76 is penetrated by a gas supply pipe 6 for supplying an inert gas into the closed space 5 in the vicinity of the nozzle 3. Further, the closing plate 76 is provided with a discharge port 75 for discharging the inert gas from the closed space 5 to the outside at a position 180 degrees away from the nozzle 3.
  • the rotation axis direction of the turntable 81 faces the horizontal direction.
  • the insertion hole 74 inserted through the nozzle 3 is disposed vertically below the rotation axis of the turntable 81, and the inert gas outlet 75 is disposed vertically above the rotation axis of the turntable 81. ing.
  • the outer peripheral side portion of the work 2 is always maintained in an inert gas environment. Therefore, even if the rotation speed of the workpiece 2 is high and the melting region in the bead 21 (see FIG. 2) formed by the build-up is large, the melting region is not exposed to the atmosphere.
  • the cover 4 ⁇ / b> C includes the cover body 71 and the sliding lid 73, the sliding lid 73 and the nozzle 3 are relatively located with respect to the cover body 71 while closing the slit 72 of the cover body 71 with the sliding lid 73. Can be moved.
  • annular protrusion is formed on the tapered inner peripheral surface of the work 2, an inward flange that is difficult to form by casting can be formed.
  • the bead 21 or the work 2 can be obtained by applying an inert gas flow from the gas supply pipe 6 to the bead 21 or the work 2.
  • the workpiece 2 can be cooled. That is, temperature control can be performed using the flow of inert gas from the gas supply pipe 6 rationally.
  • the discharge port 75 for the inert gas can be provided in the cover main body 71.
  • the discharge port 75 that moves as the cover body 71 rotates may come below the insertion hole 74 through which the nozzle 3 is inserted. Since the inert gas is often heavier than air, if the discharge port 75 comes below the insertion hole 74, the inert gas may escape from the closed space 5.
  • the discharge port 75 is provided in the sliding lid 73 so as to be positioned above the insertion hole 74 as in the present embodiment, the positional relationship between the discharge port 75 and the insertion hole 74 is desirable. Can be maintained in a state.
  • the cover 4C is composed of the cover main body 71 and the sliding lid 73.
  • the cover 4C is an integral case and is configured not to rotate even when the workpiece 2 rotates. May be.
  • the entire cover 4 ⁇ / b> C may be slidable with respect to the first and second jigs 82 and 83.
  • the nozzle 3 is arranged perpendicular to the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall 25 of the workpiece 2, but the direction of the nozzle 3 can be arbitrarily set according to the shape of the projection to be formed.
  • the orientation of the nozzle 3 may be parallel to the main wall 26 of the workpiece 2 so that a flat inward flange can be formed.
  • the rotation axis direction of the turntable 81 does not necessarily have to be in the horizontal direction, and may be in the vertical direction so that, for example, the workpiece 2 is in an attitude of opening upward.
  • the inert gas discharge port 75 may be provided at any position as long as it is above the build-up position.
  • the LMD device of the present invention can be used for various purposes such as repair of damaged parts and realization of a near net shape.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention vise à procurer un dispositif de déposition de métal au laser, avec lequel dispositif il est possible de construire un environnement de gaz inerte à l'aide d'une plus petite quantité de gaz inerte que si la totalité du dispositif de déposition de métal au laser était disposée à l'intérieur d'une chambre de travail. A cet effet, l'invention porte sur un dispositif de déposition de métal au laser (1A), lequel dispositif comprend : une buse (3) qui rayonne une lumière de laser vers une pièce à travailler (2), et qui émet un jet de poudre métallique ; et un capot (4) à travers lequel pénètre la buse (3), ledit capot (4) recouvrant la pièce à travailler (2) de manière à former un espace clos (5) au moins autour de la buse (3). Ce dispositif de déposition de métal au laser (1A) peut de plus comprendre un tuyau d'alimentation en gaz qui pénètre à travers le capot (4) et qui fournit un gaz inerte dans l'espace clos.
PCT/JP2015/003368 2014-07-30 2015-07-03 Dispositif de déposition de métal au laser WO2016017069A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2014-154452 2014-07-30
JP2014154452A JP6670033B2 (ja) 2014-07-30 2014-07-30 レーザ金属肉盛装置

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Cited By (1)

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CN112846226A (zh) * 2019-11-27 2021-05-28 三菱重工业株式会社 三维造形装置及三维造形方法

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DE102016210042B3 (de) * 2016-06-07 2017-10-19 Sauer Gmbh Werkzeugmaschine zum Auftragsschweißen
JP2018023986A (ja) * 2016-08-09 2018-02-15 株式会社Ihi レーザ溶接装置及びレーザ溶接方法
JP7315514B2 (ja) * 2020-06-10 2023-07-26 株式会社神戸製鋼所 ガスシールド治具、及びガスシールド溶接装置
WO2024047750A1 (fr) * 2022-08-30 2024-03-07 株式会社ニコン Système de traitement

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JPH08192274A (ja) * 1995-09-20 1996-07-30 Daido Steel Co Ltd エンジンバルブ
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US6326585B1 (en) * 1998-07-14 2001-12-04 General Electric Company Apparatus for laser twist weld of compressor blisks airfoils
JP2012086235A (ja) * 2010-10-18 2012-05-10 Toshiba Corp 加熱補修装置および加熱補修方法
WO2013167841A1 (fr) * 2012-05-09 2013-11-14 Snecma Procede de rechargement de pieces metalliques pour turboreacteurs d'aeronefs, et outillage de protection locale pour la mise en œuvre du procede

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112846226A (zh) * 2019-11-27 2021-05-28 三菱重工业株式会社 三维造形装置及三维造形方法

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