WO2016015354A1 - 无人机基站及其电池更换装置 - Google Patents

无人机基站及其电池更换装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016015354A1
WO2016015354A1 PCT/CN2014/083981 CN2014083981W WO2016015354A1 WO 2016015354 A1 WO2016015354 A1 WO 2016015354A1 CN 2014083981 W CN2014083981 W CN 2014083981W WO 2016015354 A1 WO2016015354 A1 WO 2016015354A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carrier
base station
translation mechanism
battery
station according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2014/083981
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林�源
王铭熙
李宏举
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SZ DJI Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
SZ DJI Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SZ DJI Technology Co Ltd filed Critical SZ DJI Technology Co Ltd
Priority to JP2016537107A priority Critical patent/JP6527153B2/ja
Priority to CN201480007286.4A priority patent/CN104981403B/zh
Publication of WO2016015354A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016015354A1/zh
Priority to US15/413,474 priority patent/US10259332B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US16/356,312 priority patent/US10696185B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Program-controlled manipulators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12Inductive energy transfer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14Conductive energy transfer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/36Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64FGROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F1/00Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
    • B64F1/02Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations for arresting aircraft, e.g. nets or cables
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64FGROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F1/00Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
    • B64F1/22Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations for handling aircraft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64FGROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F1/00Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations
    • B64F1/36Other airport installations
    • B64F1/362Installations for supplying conditioned air to parked aircraft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64FGROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F5/00Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64FGROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F5/00Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
    • B64F5/40Maintaining or repairing aircraft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U50/00Propulsion; Power supply
    • B64U50/10Propulsion
    • B64U50/19Propulsion using electrically powered motors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U50/00Propulsion; Power supply
    • B64U50/30Supply or distribution of electrical power
    • B64U50/39Battery swapping
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U70/00Launching, take-off or landing arrangements
    • B64U70/30Launching, take-off or landing arrangements for capturing UAVs in flight by ground or sea-based arresting gear, e.g. by a cable or a net
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12Electric charging stations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drone (unmanned aerial vehicle) base station (Dock), and more particularly to a drone base station and a battery exchange device thereof that can automatically replace a battery of a drone.
  • a drone unmanned aerial vehicle
  • the traditional UAV ground station uses a rotating battery compartment to store and charge the battery to be used.
  • the structure is relatively complicated, the space is large, and the number of cells laid out in the fixed space is small, thereby increasing the vertical direction of the ground station as a whole.
  • the invention provides a battery replacing device of a UAV base station, which has the advantages of compact structure, small occupied space and convenient miniaturization design of the UAV base station.
  • a battery replacement device for a drone base station for replacing a battery of a drone wherein the battery replacement device comprises:
  • a first translation mechanism for driving the grasping mechanism to translate in a first axial direction
  • a second translation mechanism for driving the grasping mechanism to translate in the second axis direction
  • a third translation mechanism for driving the grasping mechanism to translate in a third axis direction
  • first axis direction, the second axis direction, and the third axis direction constitute a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system; the coordinate position of the grasping mechanism in the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system passes the The first translation mechanism, the second translation mechanism, and the third translation mechanism are adjusted.
  • the above-mentioned UAV base station has at least the following advantages:
  • the battery replacing device of the above-mentioned UAV base station adopts three translation mechanisms, and the three translation mechanisms form a Cartesian coordinate system, and the three translation mechanisms drive the grasping mechanism, so that the grasping mechanism can be conveniently
  • the battery of the man-machine is placed in the battery compartment or taken out from the battery compartment without using a rotating battery compartment that occupies a large space; and, when the battery replacement device completes the battery replacement operation, or does not work, through three translations
  • the mechanism shifts to the edge of the interior space of the drone base station and contracts together to save the interior space of the drone base station. Therefore, the battery replacement device of the above-mentioned UAV base station has a compact structure and a small occupied space, and is convenient for miniaturization design of the UAV base station.
  • the battery replacing device of the above-mentioned UAV base station adopts three translation mechanisms, and the three translation mechanisms constitute a Cartesian coordinate system, and the battery of the drone can be directly inserted into the battery compartment without using an additional drive.
  • the structure adjusts the direction in which the battery is placed. Therefore, the battery replacement device of the above-mentioned UAV base station has a simple structure and a low cost.
  • the first translation mechanism, the second translation mechanism, and the third translation mechanism are sequentially moved;
  • At least two of the first translation mechanism, the second translation mechanism, and the third translation mechanism move simultaneously.
  • the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system is a Cartesian coordinate system or a bevel coordinate system.
  • the first translation mechanism is a rotary motor translation drive mechanism, a belt translation mechanism, a cylinder translation drive mechanism, or a linear motor translation drive mechanism.
  • the second translation mechanism is a rotary motor translation drive mechanism, a belt translation mechanism, a cylinder translation drive mechanism, or a linear motor translation drive mechanism.
  • the third translation mechanism is a rotary motor translation drive mechanism, a belt translation mechanism, a cylinder translation drive mechanism, or a linear motor translation drive mechanism.
  • the gripping mechanism is a vacuum chuck gripping mechanism, a magnet gripping mechanism or a mechanical gripper gripping mechanism.
  • the grasping mechanism is disposed on the third translation mechanism, the third translation mechanism is disposed on the second translation mechanism, and the second translation mechanism is disposed on the first The first translation mechanism is disposed on the carrier substrate;
  • the third translation mechanism moves parallel to the carrier substrate and the second translation mechanism moves toward or away from the carrier substrate.
  • the grasping mechanism is disposed on the third translation mechanism, the third translation mechanism is disposed on the second translation mechanism, and the second translation mechanism is disposed on the first The first translation mechanism is disposed on the carrier substrate;
  • the second translation mechanism and the first translation mechanism move parallel to the carrier substrate, and the third translation mechanism moves toward a direction away from or near the carrier substrate.
  • the grasping mechanism is disposed on the third translation mechanism, the third translation mechanism is disposed on the second translation mechanism, and the second translation mechanism is disposed on the first The first translation mechanism is disposed on the carrier substrate;
  • the third translation mechanism and the second translation mechanism move parallel to the carrier substrate, and the first translation mechanism moves toward a direction away from or near the carrier substrate.
  • the present invention also provides another battery replacement device for a UAV base station.
  • a battery replacement device for a drone base station for replacing a battery of a drone comprising:
  • a first translation mechanism includes a first driving member and a first carrier, the first driving member capable of driving the first carrier to move in the first axial direction;
  • the second translating mechanism mounted on the first carrier, the second translating mechanism comprising a second driving member and a second carrier, the second driving member capable of driving the second carrier along the second Moving in the direction of the axis;
  • a third translating mechanism mounted on the second carrier, the third translating mechanism comprising a third driving member and a third carrier, the third driving member capable of driving the third carrier along the third Moving in the direction of the axis;
  • a gripping mechanism mounted on the third carrier and for grasping the battery
  • first axis direction, the second axis direction, and the third axis direction form a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system; the coordinate positions of the grasping mechanism on the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system respectively pass through The first driving member, the second driving member and the third driving member are adjusted.
  • the battery replacement device of the above-mentioned UAV base station has at least the following advantages:
  • the above battery replacing device adopts three translation mechanisms, and the three translation mechanisms form a Cartesian coordinate system, and the three translation mechanisms drive the grasping mechanism, so that the grasping mechanism can conveniently put the battery of the drone Into the battery compartment, or removed from the battery compartment, without the need to use a rotating battery compartment that takes up a large space; and, when the battery replacement device completes the battery replacement operation, or does not work, moves through the translation of the three translation mechanisms Go to the edge of the internal space of the UAV base station and shrink together to save the internal space of the UAV base station. Therefore, the battery replacement device of the above-mentioned UAV base station has a compact structure and a small occupied space, and is convenient for miniaturization design of the UAV base station.
  • the above battery replacing device adopts three translation mechanisms, and the three translation mechanisms form a Cartesian coordinate system, which can directly insert the battery of the drone into the battery compartment without using an additional driving structure to adjust the pendulum of the battery. Therefore, the battery replacement device of the above-mentioned UAV base station has a simple structure and a low cost.
  • the above battery replacing device uses three independent driving members to respectively drive three carrier members, wherein two carrier members are used to carry two translation mechanisms, and the other one is used to carry the grasping mechanism, and the three carrier members can respectively Independent translation, so that the stability and flexibility of the grabbing mechanism are better.
  • the first translation mechanism further includes a first guiding member, the first guiding member is disposed parallel to the first axial direction, and the first bearing member is provided with the first guiding member The first mating portion of the guiding member cooperates to slid the first carrier along the first guiding member.
  • the first guiding member is a rail disposed parallel to the first axial direction
  • the first engaging portion is a slider fixed on a bottom of the first carrier,
  • the slider is provided with a sliding groove matched with the shape of the guide rail;
  • the first guiding member is a guiding rod disposed parallel to the first axial direction
  • the first engaging portion is a guiding hole provided on the first carrier
  • the guiding rod passes through the guiding rod
  • the guide hole is guided and freely slidable within the guide hole.
  • the first driving member is a rotating electrical machine
  • the first translation mechanism further includes a first screw rod and a first silk core sleeved on the first screw rod, the first a driving shaft of the driving member is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the first screw rod, and the first silk core is fixedly connected to the first bearing member;
  • the first driving member drives the first screw to rotate
  • the first screw is matched with the first female thread to drive the first female to move
  • the first primary driving The first carrier is translated.
  • the first translation mechanism further includes a screw support and two motor brackets
  • a bearing is disposed on the screw support, and the first screw is disposed at an end of the first driving member through the bearing on the screw support;
  • the two motor brackets are fixed on the carrier substrate and are disposed at a relatively interval; the opposite sides of the first driving member are respectively provided with a mounting lug, and the two mounting lugs are respectively associated with the two motor brackets Fixedly connecting to fix the first driving member on the carrier substrate;
  • the first filament is fixed on the first carrier.
  • the first guiding members are two, and the two first guiding members are respectively located at two sides of the first screw rod and disposed parallel to the first screw rod.
  • the first driving member is a rod cylinder
  • the telescopic rod of the rod cylinder is fixedly coupled to the first carrier to drive the first carrier to move.
  • the first driving member is a linear motor, and a primary portion of the linear motor is fixedly coupled to the first carrier to drive the first carrier to move synchronously;
  • the first driving member is a rodless cylinder
  • the piston of the rodless cylinder is fixedly connected with the first carrier to drive the first carrier to move synchronously.
  • the first carrier is a carrier plate and the carrier plate is provided with a hollow.
  • the first translation mechanism further includes a first limit switch disposed along the first axis direction for sensing a moving position of the first carrier.
  • the first limit switch is a photoelectric limit switch, a reed switch type limit switch or an inductive limit switch.
  • the second translation mechanism further includes a second guiding member, the second guiding member is disposed parallel to the second axial direction, and the second carrier member is provided with the second guiding member The second mating portion of the guiding member cooperates to slid the second carrier along the second guiding member.
  • the second guiding member is a guide rail disposed parallel to the second axial direction
  • the second engaging portion is a slider fixed on a bottom of the second carrier,
  • the slider is provided with a sliding groove matched with the shape of the guide rail
  • the second guiding member is a guiding rod disposed parallel to the second axial direction, and the second engaging portion is a guiding hole provided on the second carrier, the guiding rod passes through the guiding rod The guide hole is guided and freely slidable within the guide hole.
  • the second driving member is a rotating electrical machine
  • the second translation mechanism further includes a second screw and a second female sleeve disposed on the second screw, the second a driving shaft of the driving member is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the second screw rod, and the second silk core is fixedly connected to the second bearing member;
  • the second driving member drives the second screw to rotate
  • the second screw cooperates with the second female thread to drive the second female to move
  • the second primary carrier drives The second carrier is translated.
  • the second translation mechanism further includes a motor mounting plate, the second driving member is fixed on the motor mounting plate, and the motor mounting plate is fixed to the first by a threaded fastener On the carrier; the second filament is fixed on the second carrier.
  • the second guiding members are two, and the two second guiding members are respectively located on two sides of the second screw rod and disposed parallel to the second screw rod.
  • the second driving member is a rod cylinder
  • the telescopic rod of the rod cylinder is fixedly coupled to the second carrier to drive the second carrier to move.
  • the second driving member is a linear motor, and a primary portion of the linear motor is fixedly coupled to the second carrier to drive the second carrier to move synchronously;
  • the second driving member is a rodless cylinder
  • the piston of the rodless cylinder is fixedly connected with the second carrier to drive the second carrier to move synchronously.
  • the second carrier is a carrier plate and the carrier plate is provided with a hollow.
  • the second translation mechanism further includes a second limit switch disposed along the second axis direction for sensing a moving position of the second carrier.
  • the second translation mechanism further includes a limit switch mounting plate, the limit switch mounting plate is fixedly connected to the second guide member, and the second limit switch is installed at the limit The position switch is mounted on the board.
  • the second limit switch is a photoelectric limit switch, a reed switch type limit switch or an inductive limit switch.
  • the third translation mechanism further includes a third guiding member disposed parallel to the third axial direction, and the third carrier is provided with the third The third mating portion of the guiding member cooperates to slide the third carrier along the third guiding member.
  • the third guiding member is a guide rail disposed parallel to the third axial direction
  • the third engaging portion is a slider fixed on a bottom of the third carrier,
  • the slider is provided with a sliding groove matched with the shape of the guide rail;
  • the third guiding member is a guiding rod disposed parallel to the third axial direction
  • the third engaging portion is a guiding hole provided on the third carrier, the guiding rod passes through the guiding rod The guide hole is guided and freely slidable within the guide hole.
  • the third driving member is a rotating electrical machine
  • the third translation mechanism further includes a third screw and a third female sleeve disposed on the third screw, the third a driving shaft of the driving member is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the third screw rod, and the third silk core is fixedly connected to the third bearing member;
  • the third driving member drives the third screw to rotate, and the third screw cooperates with the third female thread to drive the third female to move, and the third primary driving The third carrier is translated.
  • the third translation mechanism further includes two guide mounting brackets, and the two guide mounting brackets are fixed on the second carrier and are relatively spaced apart;
  • the third driving member is mounted on one of the guiding member mounting brackets, and the other one of the guiding member mounting brackets is provided with a bearing, and the third screw rod is disposed away from one end of the third driving member.
  • the guide member mounts the bearing on the bracket;
  • the third filament is fixed on the third carrier.
  • the third translation mechanism further includes two battery holders for supporting the battery of the drone; the two battery holders are mounted on the one of the guides away from the third driving member The pieces are mounted on the brackets and are spaced apart.
  • the third guiding member is one, and the third guiding member is disposed opposite to the third screw and parallel to the third screw.
  • the third driving member is a rod cylinder
  • the telescopic rod of the rod cylinder is fixedly coupled to the third carrier to drive the third carrier to move.
  • the third driving member is a linear motor, and the primary of the linear motor is fixedly connected to the third carrier to drive the third carrier to move synchronously;
  • the third driving member is a rodless cylinder, and the piston of the rodless cylinder is fixedly connected with the third carrier to drive the third carrier to move synchronously.
  • the third carrier is a carrier plate and the carrier plate is provided with a hollow.
  • the third translation mechanism further includes a third limit switch disposed along the third axis direction for sensing a moving position of the third carrier.
  • the third limit switch is a photoelectric limit switch, a reed switch type limit switch or an inductive limit switch.
  • the third translation mechanism further includes a third limit switch and a limit switch carrier, and two ends of the limit switch carrier are respectively fixedly connected with the two guide mounting brackets.
  • the third limit switch is mounted on the limit switch carrier board.
  • the gripping mechanism is a vacuum chuck gripping mechanism, a magnet gripping mechanism or a mechanical gripper gripping mechanism.
  • the present invention provides a drone base station using the above battery exchange device.
  • a UAV base station comprising:
  • a battery replacing device for replacing a battery of the drone, the battery changing device comprising a first translation mechanism, a second translation mechanism, a third translation mechanism, and a grasping mechanism;
  • the first translation mechanism is mounted on the carrier substrate, the first translation mechanism includes a first driving member, and a first carrier member, the first driving member capable of driving the first carrier member along the first Moving in one axis direction;
  • the second translation mechanism mounted on the first carrier, the second translation mechanism includes a second driving member, and a second carrier, the second driving member capable of driving the second carrier along Moving in the second axis direction;
  • the third translation mechanism mounted on the second carrier includes a third driving member and a third carrier, the third driving member capable of driving the third carrier along Moving in a third axis direction; the first axis direction, the second axis direction, and the third axis direction constitute a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system;
  • the grasping mechanism mounted on the third carrier and for grasping the battery; the coordinate position of the grasping mechanism on the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system respectively passes through the first driving component Adjusting the second driving member and the third driving member;
  • a battery compartment mounted on the carrier substrate, the battery compartment for housing the battery and charging the battery;
  • the battery is grasped by the battery replacing device, and the battery can be taken out from the battery compartment or placed in the battery compartment.
  • the above-mentioned UAV base station has at least the following advantages:
  • the battery replacing device of the above-mentioned UAV base station adopts three translation mechanisms, and the three translation mechanisms form a Cartesian coordinate system, and the three translation mechanisms drive the grasping mechanism, so that the grasping mechanism can be conveniently
  • the battery of the man-machine is placed in the battery compartment or taken out from the battery compartment without using a rotating battery compartment that occupies a large space; and, when the battery replacement device completes the battery replacement operation, or does not work, through three translations
  • the mechanism shifts to the edge of the interior space of the drone base station and contracts together to save the interior space of the drone base station. Therefore, the battery replacement device of the above-mentioned UAV base station has a compact structure and a small occupied space, and is convenient for miniaturization design of the UAV base station.
  • the battery replacing device of the above-mentioned UAV base station adopts three translation mechanisms, and the three translation mechanisms constitute a Cartesian coordinate system, and the battery of the drone can be directly inserted into the battery compartment without using an additional drive.
  • the structure adjusts the direction in which the battery is placed. Therefore, the battery replacement device of the above-mentioned UAV base station has a simple structure and a low cost.
  • the battery replacement device of the above-mentioned UAV base station uses three independent driving members to respectively drive three carrier members, wherein two carrier members are used to carry two translation mechanisms, and the other one is used to carry the grasping mechanism, three The carrier members can be independently translated, so that the stability and flexibility of the gripping mechanism are better when moving.
  • the first translation mechanism further includes a first guiding member, the first guiding member is disposed parallel to the first axial direction, and the first bearing member is provided with the first guiding member The first mating portion of the guiding member cooperates to slid the first carrier along the first guiding member.
  • the first guiding member is a rail disposed parallel to the first axial direction
  • the first engaging portion is a slider fixed on a bottom of the first carrier,
  • the slider is provided with a sliding groove matched with the shape of the guide rail;
  • the first guiding member is a guiding rod disposed parallel to the first axial direction
  • the first engaging portion is a guiding hole provided on the first carrier
  • the guiding rod passes through the guiding rod
  • the guide hole is guided and freely slidable within the guide hole.
  • the first driving member is a rotating electrical machine
  • the first translation mechanism further includes a first screw rod and a first silk core sleeved on the first screw rod, the first a driving shaft of the driving member is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the first screw rod, and the first silk core is fixedly connected to the first bearing member;
  • the first driving member drives the first screw to rotate
  • the first screw is matched with the first female thread to drive the first female to move
  • the first primary driving The first carrier is translated.
  • the first translation mechanism further includes a screw support and two motor brackets
  • a bearing is disposed on the screw support, and the first screw is disposed at an end of the first driving member through the bearing on the screw support;
  • the two motor brackets are fixed on the carrier substrate and are disposed at a relatively interval; the opposite sides of the first driving member are respectively provided with a mounting lug, and the two mounting lugs are respectively associated with the two motor brackets Fixedly connecting to fix the first driving member on the carrier substrate;
  • the first filament is fixed on the first carrier.
  • the first guiding members are two, and the two first guiding members are respectively located on two sides of the first screw rod and disposed parallel to the first screw rod.
  • the first driving member is a rod cylinder
  • the telescopic rod of the rod cylinder is fixedly coupled to the first carrier to drive the first carrier to move.
  • the first driving member is a linear motor, and a primary portion of the linear motor is fixedly coupled to the first carrier to drive the first carrier to move synchronously;
  • the first driving member is a rodless cylinder
  • the piston of the rodless cylinder is fixedly connected with the first carrier to drive the first carrier to move synchronously.
  • the first carrier is a carrier plate and the carrier plate is provided with a hollow.
  • the first translation mechanism further includes a first limit switch disposed along the first axis direction for sensing a moving position of the first carrier.
  • the first limit switch is a photoelectric limit switch, a reed switch type limit switch or an inductive limit switch.
  • the second translation mechanism further includes a second guiding member, the second guiding member is disposed parallel to the second axial direction, and the second carrier member is provided with the second guiding member The second mating portion of the guiding member cooperates to slid the second carrier along the second guiding member.
  • the second guiding member is a guide rail disposed parallel to the second axial direction
  • the second engaging portion is a slider fixed on a bottom of the second carrier,
  • the slider is provided with a sliding groove matched with the shape of the guide rail
  • the second guiding member is a guiding rod disposed parallel to the second axial direction, and the second engaging portion is a guiding hole provided on the second carrier, the guiding rod passes through the guiding rod The guide hole is guided and freely slidable within the guide hole.
  • the second driving member is a rotating electrical machine
  • the second translation mechanism further includes a second screw and a second female sleeve disposed on the second screw, the second a driving shaft of the driving member is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the second screw rod, and the second silk core is fixedly connected to the second bearing member;
  • the second driving member drives the second screw to rotate
  • the second screw cooperates with the second female thread to drive the second female to move
  • the second primary carrier drives The second carrier is translated.
  • the second translation mechanism further includes a motor mounting plate, the second driving member is fixed on the motor mounting plate, and the motor mounting plate is fixed to the first by a threaded fastener On the carrier; the second filament is fixed on the second carrier.
  • the second guiding members are two, and the two second guiding members are respectively located on two sides of the second screw rod and disposed parallel to the second screw rod.
  • the second driving member is a rod cylinder
  • the telescopic rod of the rod cylinder is fixedly coupled to the second carrier to drive the second carrier to move.
  • the second driving member is a linear motor, and a primary portion of the linear motor is fixedly coupled to the second carrier to drive the second carrier to move synchronously;
  • the second driving member is a rodless cylinder
  • the piston of the rodless cylinder is fixedly connected with the second carrier to drive the second carrier to move synchronously.
  • the second carrier is a carrier plate and the carrier plate is provided with a hollow.
  • the second translation mechanism further includes a second limit switch disposed along the second axis direction for sensing a moving position of the second carrier.
  • the second translation mechanism further includes a limit switch mounting plate, the limit switch mounting plate is fixedly connected to the second guide member, and the second limit switch is installed at the limit The position switch is mounted on the board.
  • the second limit switch is a photoelectric limit switch, a reed switch type limit switch or an inductive limit switch.
  • the third translation mechanism further includes a third guiding member disposed parallel to the third axial direction, and the third carrier is provided with the third The third mating portion of the guiding member cooperates to slide the third carrier along the third guiding member.
  • the third guiding member is a guide rail disposed parallel to the third axial direction
  • the third engaging portion is a slider fixed on a bottom of the third carrier,
  • the slider is provided with a sliding groove matched with the shape of the guide rail;
  • the third guiding member is a guiding rod disposed parallel to the third axial direction
  • the third engaging portion is a guiding hole provided on the third carrier, the guiding rod passes through the guiding rod The guide hole is guided and freely slidable within the guide hole.
  • the third driving member is a rotating electrical machine
  • the third translation mechanism further includes a third screw and a third female sleeve disposed on the third screw, the third a driving shaft of the driving member is coaxially fixedly connected to one end of the third screw rod, and the third silk core is fixedly connected to the third bearing member;
  • the third driving member drives the third screw to rotate, and the third screw cooperates with the third female thread to drive the third female to move, and the third primary driving The third carrier is translated.
  • the third translation mechanism further includes two guide mounting brackets, and the two guide mounting brackets are fixed on the second carrier and are relatively spaced apart;
  • the third driving member is mounted on one of the guiding member mounting brackets, and the other third guiding member mounting bracket is provided with a bearing, and the third screw rod is disposed away from one end of the third driving member.
  • the third filament is fixed on the third carrier.
  • the third translation mechanism further includes two battery holders for supporting the battery of the drone; the two battery holders are mounted on the one of the guides away from the third driving member The pieces are mounted on the brackets and are spaced apart.
  • the third guiding member is one, and the third guiding member is disposed opposite to the third screw and parallel to the third screw.
  • the third driving member is a rod cylinder
  • the telescopic rod of the rod cylinder is fixedly coupled to the third carrier to drive the third carrier to move.
  • the third driving member is a linear motor, and the primary of the linear motor is fixedly connected to the third carrier to drive the third carrier to move synchronously;
  • the third driving member is a rodless cylinder, and the piston of the rodless cylinder is fixedly connected with the third carrier to drive the third carrier to move synchronously.
  • the third carrier is a carrier plate and the carrier plate is provided with a hollow.
  • the third translation mechanism further includes a third limit switch disposed along the third axis direction for sensing a moving position of the third carrier.
  • the third limit switch is a photoelectric limit switch, a reed switch type limit switch or an inductive limit switch.
  • the third translation mechanism further includes a third limit switch and a limit switch carrier, and two ends of the limit switch carrier are respectively fixedly connected with the two guide mounting brackets.
  • the third limit switch is mounted on the limit switch carrier board.
  • the gripping mechanism is a vacuum chuck gripping mechanism, a magnet gripping mechanism or a mechanical gripper gripping mechanism.
  • the battery compartment includes a plurality of battery receiving cavities, the plurality of battery receiving cavities are arranged in a matrix, each of the battery receiving cavities has a receiving opening, and The storage opening is disposed toward the side where the battery exchange device is located.
  • each of the battery receiving chambers is provided with a charging device for charging the battery, and when the battery is placed in the battery receiving chamber, the charging device can Charging batteries.
  • the charging device is a non-contact charging device, and the non-contact charging device includes one of an electromagnetic induction circuit, a magnetic resonance sensing circuit, and a microwave sensing circuit.
  • the charging device is a contact charging device, and the contact charging device includes a charging contact provided on an inner wall of the receiving opening of each of the battery receiving chambers, the battery A charging electrode is provided for electrical contact with the charging contact.
  • the inner wall of the receiving opening of each of the battery receiving cavities is provided with a snapping structure, and the engaging structure is engaged with the battery to position the battery in the The battery is housed in the cavity.
  • the engaging structure is an elastic snap, an electric lock or an electromagnetic lock.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a UAV base station according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a drone base station on which a drone is parked according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the UAV base station shown in FIG. 2 after removing the outer casing;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of another perspective of the UAV base station shown in FIG. 3;
  • Figure 5 is an exploded view of the UAV base station shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is an exploded view of the first translation mechanism of the UAV base station shown in Figure 4;
  • Figure 7 is an exploded view of the second translation mechanism of the UAV base station shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 8 is an exploded view of the third translation mechanism of the UAV base station shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 9 is a plan view of the UAV base station shown in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery compartment of the UAV base station shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery compartment of the UAV base station shown in FIG. 3.
  • the present disclosure provides a drone base station including a battery replacement device and a battery compartment, the battery replacement device is for automatically replacing the battery of the drone, and the battery compartment is for accommodating the battery of the drone, and the battery of the drone Charge it.
  • the battery replacing device uses a grasping mechanism to grab the battery of the drone, and uses three translation mechanisms to adjust the position of the grasping structure.
  • the three translation mechanisms can be constructed into a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system.
  • the gripping mechanism is controlled by three translation mechanisms to cause the gripping mechanism to take the battery out of the battery compartment or into the battery. Since the three translation mechanisms can be constructed into a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, the three translation mechanisms and the grasping mechanism can be moved to the edge of the interior space of the drone base station when the battery replacement device completes the battery replacement operation or does not work. And shrink together to save the internal space of the UAV base station, which is convenient for the miniaturization design of the UAV base station.
  • the UAV base station may be a ground base station or an air base station.
  • the UAV base station may be in the air by using a balloon, or may be a maritime base station, for example, using a carrier such as a ship.
  • the UAV base station stays on the sea, on the lake, and the like.
  • the terrestrial base station may be a fixed terrestrial base station or a portable mobile base station.
  • the three translational mechanisms can be constructed in a Cartesian Cartesian coordinate system or a Cartesian oblique coordinate system.
  • the three translation mechanisms can be constructed into a Cartesian Cartesian coordinate system to adapt the internal space shape of the UAV base station, thereby saving the drone.
  • the internal space of the base station when the internal space shape of the UAV base station is a shape such as a cone, the three translation mechanisms can be constructed into a Cartesian oblique coordinate system to fit the internal space shape of the UAV base station as much as possible, thereby It can save the internal space of the drone base station.
  • the order of movement of the three translational mechanisms may be performed sequentially or simultaneously, for example, three translational mechanisms may be moved sequentially, or two of the translational mechanisms may be moved simultaneously, or three translational mechanisms may be moved simultaneously.
  • the three translation mechanisms may sequentially construct a Cartesian coordinate system on the carrier substrate, or may construct a Cartesian coordinate system on the carrier substrate in reverse order.
  • the three translation mechanisms are an X-axis structure, a Y-axis structure, and a Z-axis structure, respectively, and the X-axis structure and the Y-axis structure are respectively used to adjust two plane coordinates parallel to the carrier substrate, and the Z-axis structure is used to adjust the vertical to the bearing.
  • the height of the substrate is an X-axis structure, a Y-axis structure, and a Z-axis structure, respectively, and the X-axis structure and the Y-axis structure are respectively used to adjust two plane coordinates parallel to the carrier substrate, and the Z-axis structure is used to adjust the vertical to the bearing.
  • the height of the substrate is an X-axis structure, a Y-axis structure, and a Z-axis structure, respectively, and the X-axis structure and the Y-axis structure are respectively used to adjust two plane coordinates parallel to the carrier substrate, and the Z-axis structure is used to adjust the vertical to the bearing. The height of the substrate
  • the X-axis structure may be disposed on the carrier substrate, the Z-axis structure may be disposed on the X-axis structure, and the Y-axis structure may be disposed on the Z-axis structure; or the X-axis structure may be disposed on the carrier substrate, The Y-axis structure is disposed on the X-axis structure, and the Z-axis structure is disposed on the Y-axis structure; or the Z-axis structure may be disposed on the carrier substrate, the X-axis structure is disposed on the Z-axis structure, and the Y-axis structure is set On the X-axis structure.
  • a UAV base station 10 includes a carrier base 10a, a battery exchange device 10b, and a battery compartment 10c.
  • the battery exchange device 10b is mounted on the carrier substrate 10a for replacing the battery of the drone.
  • the battery compartment 10c is for housing the battery of the drone and charging the battery of the drone.
  • the battery changing device 10b includes a first translation mechanism 11, a second translation mechanism 12, a third translation mechanism 13, and a grasping mechanism 14, the grasping mechanism 14 is for grasping the battery, and the first translation mechanism 11 is for driving the grasping mechanism. 14 is translated in the first axis direction X, the second translation mechanism 12 is used to drive the grasping mechanism 14 to translate in the second axis direction Y, and the third translation mechanism 13 is used to drive the grasping mechanism 14 to translate in the third axis direction Z.
  • the first axis direction X, the second axis direction Y, and the third axis direction Z constitute a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system.
  • the coordinate position of the grasping mechanism 14 in the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system passes through the first translation mechanism 11 and the second The translation mechanism 12 and the third translation mechanism 13 are adjusted.
  • first translation mechanism 11, the second translation mechanism 12, and the third translation mechanism 13 may work synchronously or separately.
  • first translation mechanism 11, the second translation mechanism 12, and the third translation mechanism 13 are sequentially moved.
  • at least two of the first translation mechanism 11, the second translation mechanism 12, and the third translation mechanism 13 move simultaneously.
  • the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system may be a Cartesian coordinate system or an oblique coordinate system.
  • An appropriate coordinate system can be constructed according to the shape of the internal space of the UAV base station 10. For example, when the internal space of the UAV base station 10 is a cuboid, the Cartesian Cartesian coordinate system is selected to be saved, thereby further saving the UAV base station. When the internal space of the UAV base station 10 is a pyramidal shape or the like, the Cartesian oblique coordinate system is selected to be more capable of the internal space of the UAV base station 10.
  • the first translation mechanism 11 can be a rotary motor translation drive mechanism, a belt translation mechanism, a cylinder translation drive mechanism, or a linear motor translation drive mechanism.
  • Rotating motor translation mechanism that is, by rotating the screw to drive the screw, the screw is sleeved with a nut, and the screw is matched with the thread to drive the nut to translate, and the nut is then driven to move by the carrier.
  • the belt translation mechanism that is, the belt is rotated by the pulley, and the carried object fixed on the belt moves synchronously following the belt.
  • the cylinder translation drive mechanism moves the load by the cylinder.
  • the cylinder is a rod cylinder
  • the telescopic rod of the rod cylinder drives the carrier to move
  • the cylinder is a rodless cylinder
  • the piston of the rodless cylinder is carried.
  • the object is fixedly connected to drive the carrier to move synchronously.
  • the linear motor translation drive mechanism that is, the primary movement of the linear motor is synchronously moved by the carrier.
  • the second translation mechanism 12 can be a rotary motor translation drive mechanism, a belt translation mechanism, a cylinder translation drive mechanism, or a linear motor translation drive mechanism.
  • the working principle of the rotary motor translation drive mechanism, the belt translation mechanism, the cylinder translation drive mechanism or the linear motor translation drive mechanism is the same as that discussed above, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the third translation mechanism 13 can be a rotary motor translation drive mechanism, a belt translation mechanism, a cylinder translation drive mechanism, or a linear motor translation drive mechanism.
  • the working principle of the rotary motor translation drive mechanism, the belt translation mechanism, the cylinder translation drive mechanism or the linear motor translation drive mechanism is the same as that discussed above, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • first translation mechanism 11, the second translation mechanism 12, and the third translation mechanism 13 may be the same or different.
  • first translation mechanism 11 and the second translation mechanism 12 may each adopt a linear motor translation driving mechanism
  • the third translation mechanism 13 adopts a rotary motor translation driving mechanism, or the first translation mechanism 11, the second translation mechanism 12, and the third.
  • the translation mechanism 13 employs a rotary motor translation drive mechanism.
  • the grasping mechanism 14 can be a vacuum chuck gripping mechanism, a magnet gripping mechanism or a mechanical gripper gripping mechanism.
  • the vacuum chuck grasping mechanism that is, sucking the battery of the drone through the vacuum suction cup, when the battery of the drone is grasped, the cylinder connected with the vacuum suction cup starts working, the vacuum suction cup is vacuumed, and the battery of the drone is put down When the cylinder connected to the vacuum chuck stops working, the vacuum chuck is inflated.
  • the magnet grabbing mechanism that is, an electromagnet to attract the iron piece on the battery of the drone, when the magnet grabbing mechanism grabs the battery of the drone, the electromagnet is energized, and when the magnet grabbing mechanism puts down the drone When the battery is used, the solenoid is de-energized.
  • the mechanical gripper gripping mechanism that is, the battery of the drone is gripped by a clamp structure such as a finger.
  • the positional relationship between the first translation mechanism 11, the second translation mechanism 12, and the third translation mechanism 13 can be set according to different needs.
  • the grasping mechanism 14 is disposed on the third translation mechanism 13
  • the third translation mechanism 13 is disposed on the second translation mechanism 12
  • the second translation mechanism 12 is disposed on the first translation mechanism 11.
  • the first translation mechanism 11 is disposed on the carrier substrate 10a.
  • the third translation mechanism 13 moves parallel to the first translation mechanism 11 to the carrier substrate 10a, and the second translation mechanism 12 moves toward or away from the carrier substrate 10a.
  • the grasping mechanism 14 is disposed on the third translation mechanism 13, the third translation mechanism 13 is disposed on the second translation mechanism 12, and the second translation mechanism 12 is disposed on the first translation mechanism 11, first The translating mechanism 11 is disposed on the carrier substrate 10a.
  • the second translation mechanism 12 moves parallel to the first translation mechanism 11 to the carrier substrate 10a, and the third translation mechanism 13 moves toward or away from the carrier substrate 10a.
  • the grasping mechanism 14 is disposed on the third translation mechanism 13, the third translation mechanism 13 is disposed on the second translation mechanism 12, and the second translation mechanism 12 is disposed on the first translation mechanism 11, first The translating mechanism 11 is disposed on the carrier substrate 10a.
  • the third translation mechanism 13 and the second translation mechanism 12 move parallel to the carrier substrate 10a, and the first translation mechanism 11 moves toward a direction away from or near the carrier substrate 10a.
  • the battery compartment 10c includes a plurality of battery receiving cavities, and the plurality of battery receiving cavities are arranged in a matrix, each of the battery receiving cavities has a receiving opening, and the receiving opening is oriented The side where the battery exchange device 10b is located is set.
  • each of the battery accommodating chambers is provided with a charging device for charging the battery, and the charging device can charge the battery when the battery is placed in the battery accommodating chamber.
  • the charging device may be a non-contact charging device or a contact charging device.
  • the charging device is a non-contact charging device, and the non-contact charging device includes one of an electromagnetic induction circuit, a magnetic resonance sensing circuit, and a microwave sensing circuit.
  • the charging device is a contact charging device, and the contact charging device includes a charging contact disposed on an inner wall of the receiving opening of each battery receiving cavity, and the battery is provided for electrical contact with the charging contact. Charge electrode.
  • an inner structure of the storage opening of each battery receiving cavity is provided with a locking structure, and the engaging structure is engaged with the battery to position the battery in the battery receiving cavity.
  • the engaging structure is an elastic buckle, an electric lock or an electromagnetic lock.
  • the elastic buckle is engaged with the outer wall of the battery through an elastic buckle. When an external force is applied to the battery, the battery abuts the elastic buckle to elastically deform the elastic buckle, thereby removing the battery from the battery of the battery compartment 10c. Pull out or insert into the cavity.
  • the electric lock buckles that is, a driving component is controlled by the switch circuit, so that the driving component drives a buckle to be engaged with the outer wall of the battery.
  • the switch circuit energizes the driving room to make the buckle abut the battery;
  • the switch circuit disconnects the power of the driving member to separate the buckle from the battery.
  • the electromagnetic lock is to position the battery by attracting the iron on the battery by the electromagnet. When the battery needs to be taken out from the battery receiving chamber of the battery compartment 10c, the energization on the electromagnet is turned off.
  • the above-described UAV base station 10 has at least the following advantages:
  • the battery replacing device 10b of the above-mentioned UAV base station 10 adopts three translation mechanisms, and the three translation mechanisms constitute a Cartesian coordinate system, and the three translation mechanisms drive the grasping mechanism 14 to make the grasping mechanism 14 relatively
  • the battery of the drone is conveniently placed in the battery compartment 10c or taken out from the battery compartment 10c without using a rotating battery compartment 10c having a large space; and when the battery replacement device 10b completes the battery replacement operation, or In operation, it moves to the edge of the internal space of the UAV base station 10 by the translation of the three translation mechanisms, and is contracted together to save the internal space of the UAV base station 10. Therefore, the battery replacement device 10b of the above-described UAV base station 10 has a compact structure and a small footprint, which facilitates miniaturization of the UAV base station 10.
  • the battery replacing device 10b of the above-mentioned UAV base station 10 adopts three translation mechanisms, and the three translation mechanisms constitute a Cartesian coordinate system, and the battery of the drone can be directly inserted into the battery compartment 10c without using The additional driving structure adjusts the direction in which the battery is placed. Therefore, the battery replacing device 10b of the above-described UAV base station 10 has a simple structure and a low cost.
  • the UAV base station 100 includes a carrier base 100a, a battery exchange device 100b, and a battery compartment 100c (as shown in FIG. 10).
  • the battery exchange device 100b is mounted on the carrier substrate 100a for replacing the battery of the drone.
  • the battery compartment 100c is for housing the battery 201 of the drone 200 and charging the battery 201 of the drone 200.
  • the battery exchange device 100b includes a first translation mechanism 110, a second translation mechanism 120, a third translation mechanism 130, and a gripping mechanism 140.
  • the first translation mechanism 110, the second translation mechanism 120, and the third translation mechanism 130 may work synchronously or separately.
  • the first translation mechanism 110, the second translation mechanism 120, and the third translation mechanism 130 are sequentially moved. In other embodiments, at least two of the first translation mechanism 110, the second translation mechanism 120, and the third translation mechanism 130 move simultaneously.
  • the first translation mechanism 120 is disposed on the second translation mechanism 120, the second translation mechanism 120 is disposed on the first translation mechanism 110, and the first translation mechanism 110 is disposed on the third translation mechanism 130.
  • the substrate 100a is carried.
  • the third translation mechanism 130 moves parallel to the first translation mechanism 110 to the carrier substrate 100a, and the second translation mechanism 120 moves toward or away from the carrier substrate 100a.
  • the first translation mechanism 110 can be a rotary motor translation drive mechanism, a belt translation mechanism, a cylinder translation drive mechanism, or a linear motor translation drive mechanism.
  • Rotating motor translation mechanism that is, by rotating the screw to drive the screw, the screw is sleeved with a nut, and the screw is matched with the thread to drive the nut to translate, and the nut is then driven to move by the carrier.
  • the belt translation mechanism that is, the belt is rotated by the pulley, and the carried object fixed on the belt moves synchronously following the belt.
  • the cylinder translation drive mechanism moves the load by the cylinder.
  • the cylinder is a rod cylinder
  • the telescopic rod of the rod cylinder drives the carrier to move
  • the cylinder is a rodless cylinder
  • the piston of the rodless cylinder is carried.
  • the object is fixedly connected to drive the carrier to move synchronously.
  • the linear motor translation drive mechanism that is, the primary movement of the linear motor is synchronously moved by the carrier.
  • the first translation mechanism 110 includes a first driving member 111 and a first carrier 113 , and the first driving member 111 can drive the first carrier 113 along the first Move in the direction of the axis.
  • the first driving member 111 may be a cylinder or a motor.
  • the first driving member 111 is a rotating electrical machine
  • the first translation mechanism 110 further includes a first screw 114 and a first thread 115 disposed on the first screw 114, first
  • the driving shaft of the driving member 111 is coaxially fixedly coupled to one end of the first screw rod 114, and the first core 115 is fixedly connected to the first carrier 113.
  • the first driving member 111 drives the first screw 114 to rotate, and the first screw 114 is screwed with the first female 115 to drive the first female 115 to move, and the first female 115 drives the first carrier 113 to translate.
  • the first translation mechanism 110 further includes a screw support 116a and two motor brackets 116b.
  • a bearing is disposed on the screw support 116a, and an end of the first screw 114 away from the first driving member 111 passes through a bearing on the screw support 116a.
  • Two motor brackets 116b are fixed to the carrier substrate 100a and are disposed at relatively spaced intervals.
  • a mounting lug 111a is respectively disposed on opposite sides of the first driving member 111.
  • the two mounting lugs 111a are respectively fixedly coupled to the two motor brackets 116b to fix the first driving member 111 on the carrier substrate 100a.
  • the first core 115 is fixed to the first carrier 113.
  • the first driving member 111 is a rod cylinder
  • the telescopic rod of the rod cylinder is fixedly coupled to the first carrier 113 to drive the first carrier 113 to move.
  • the first translation mechanism 110 further includes a first guiding member 117, the first guiding member 117 is disposed parallel to the first axial direction, and the first carrier 113 is disposed on the first carrier 113
  • the first engaging portion 113a that cooperates with the first guiding member 117 causes the first carrier 113 to slide along the first guiding member 117.
  • the specific structure of the first guiding member 117 can be designed according to different requirements.
  • the first guiding member 117 is a guiding rail disposed parallel to the first axial direction, and the first engaging portion 113a is fixed at the first A slider on the bottom of a carrier 113, the slider being provided with a sliding slot that cooperates with the shape of the rail.
  • the first guiding member 117 is a guiding rod disposed parallel to the first axial direction
  • the first engaging portion 113a is a guiding hole provided on the first carrier 113, the guiding rod passes through the guiding hole, and The guide hole is free to slide.
  • first guiding members 117 are two, and the two first guiding members 117 are respectively located at two sides of the first screw 114 and are disposed parallel to the first screw 114.
  • first guide members 117 are not limited to two, and may be one, or three or more.
  • the first guiding member 117 can also be omitted, and only the translation stability of the first carrier 113 is required to meet the requirement.
  • the first driving member 111 is a linear motor, a linear motor. The primary is fixedly coupled to the first carrier 113 to drive the first carrier 113 to move synchronously.
  • the first driving member 111 is a rodless cylinder, and the piston of the rodless cylinder is fixedly coupled with the first carrier 113 to drive the first carrier 113 to move synchronously.
  • the specific structure of the first carrier 113 can be designed according to different requirements.
  • the first carrier 113 is a carrier plate, and the carrier plate is provided with a hollow portion. By opening a hollow portion on the carrier board, the weight of the carrier board can be reduced, and the structural strength of the carrier board can be greatly reduced.
  • the first translation mechanism 110 further includes a first limit switch 118, and the first limit switch 118 is disposed along the first axis direction for sensing the moving position of the first carrier 113.
  • the first limit switch 118 can be a photoelectric limit switch, a reed switch type limit switch, an inductive limit switch, and the like.
  • the second translation mechanism 120 is mounted on the first carrier 113.
  • the specific structure of the second translation mechanism 120 can be designed according to actual needs.
  • the second translation mechanism 120 is a rotary motor translation drive mechanism, a belt translation mechanism, a cylinder translation drive mechanism, or a linear motor translation drive mechanism.
  • the working principle of the rotary motor translation drive mechanism, the belt translation mechanism, the cylinder translation drive mechanism or the linear motor translation drive mechanism is the same as that discussed above, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the second translation mechanism 120 includes a second driving component 121 and a second carrier 123 , and the second driving component 121 can drive the second carrier 123 along the second Move in the direction of the axis.
  • the second driving member 121 may be a cylinder or a motor.
  • the second driving member 121 is a rotating electrical machine
  • the second translation mechanism 120 further includes a second screw 124 and a second spring 125 disposed on the second screw 124.
  • the drive shaft of the driving member 121 is coaxially fixedly coupled to one end of the second lead screw 124, and the second core 125 is fixedly coupled to the second carrier 123.
  • the second driving member 121 drives the second screw 124 to rotate, the second screw 124 cooperates with the second female 125 to drive the second female 125 to move, and the second female 125 drives the second carrier 123 to translate.
  • the second translation mechanism 120 further includes a motor mounting plate 126.
  • the second driving member 121 is fixed on the motor mounting plate 126, and the motor mounting plate 126 is fixed on the first carrier 113 by a threaded fastener (not shown).
  • the second core 125 is fixed to the second carrier 123.
  • the second driving member 121 is a rod cylinder, and the telescopic rod of the rod cylinder is fixedly coupled with the second carrier 123 to drive the second carrier 123 to move.
  • the second translation mechanism 120 further includes a second guiding member 127, the second guiding member 127 is disposed parallel to the second axis direction, and the second carrier member 123 is disposed on the second carrier member 123.
  • the second engaging portion 123a that cooperates with the second guiding member 127 slidable the second carrier 123 along the second guiding member 127.
  • the second guiding member 127 is a rail disposed parallel to the second axis direction, and the second engaging portion 123a is fixed to the second portion.
  • a slider on the bottom of the carrier 123, the slider is provided with a sliding slot that cooperates with the shape of the rail.
  • the second guiding member 127 is a guiding rod disposed parallel to the second axial direction
  • the second engaging portion 123a is a guiding hole provided on the second carrier 123, the guiding rod passes through the guiding hole, and The guide hole is free to slide.
  • the second guiding members 127 are two, and the two second guiding members 127 are respectively located on two sides of the second screw rod 124 and disposed parallel to the second screw rod 124.
  • the second guiding members 127 are not limited to two, and may be one or three or more.
  • the second guiding member 127 can also be omitted, and only the translation stability of the second carrier member 123 is required to meet the requirement.
  • the second driving member 121 can be a linear motor, a straight line. The primary of the motor is fixedly coupled to the second carrier 123 to drive the second carrier 123 to move synchronously.
  • the second driving member 121 may be a rodless cylinder, and the piston of the rodless cylinder is fixedly coupled with the second carrier 123 to drive the second carrier 123 to move synchronously.
  • the second carrier 123 is a carrier plate, and the carrier plate is provided with a hollow portion. By opening a hollow portion on the carrier board, the weight of the carrier board can be reduced, and the structural strength of the carrier board can be greatly reduced.
  • the second translation mechanism 120 further includes a second limit switch 128a, and the second limit switch 128a is disposed along the second axis direction for sensing the moving position of the second carrier 123.
  • the second translation mechanism 120 further includes a limit switch mounting plate 128b.
  • the limit switch mounting plate 128b is fixedly connected to the second guide member 127, and the second limit switch 128a is mounted on the limit switch. On board 128b.
  • the second limit switch 128a may be a photoelectric limit switch, a reed switch type limit switch, an inductive limit switch, or the like.
  • the third translation mechanism 130 is mounted on the second carrier 123.
  • the specific structure of the third translation mechanism 130 can be designed according to actual needs.
  • the third translation mechanism 130 is a rotary motor translation drive mechanism, a belt translation mechanism, a cylinder translation drive mechanism, or a linear motor translation drive mechanism.
  • the working principle of the rotary motor translation drive mechanism, the belt translation mechanism, the cylinder translation drive mechanism or the linear motor translation drive mechanism is the same as that discussed above, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the third translation mechanism 130 includes a third driving member 131 and a third carrier 133 , and the third driving member 131 can drive the third carrier 133 along the third Move in the direction of the axis.
  • the first axis direction, the second axis direction, and the third axis direction constitute a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system.
  • the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system can be a Cartesian coordinate system or an oblique coordinate system.
  • An appropriate coordinate system can be constructed according to the internal space of the UAV base station 100. For example, when the internal space of the UAV base station 100 is cuboid, the Cartesian Cartesian coordinate system is selected to be constructed, and the UAV base station 100 can be saved. Internal space; when the internal space of the UAV base station 100 is a pyramidal shape or the like, the Cartesian oblique coordinate system is selected to be more capable of the internal space of the UAV base station 100.
  • the third driving member 131 may be a cylinder or a motor.
  • the third driving member 131 is a rotating electrical machine
  • the third translation mechanism 130 further includes a third screw 134 and a third spring 135 disposed on the third screw 134.
  • the drive shaft of the three driving members 131 is coaxially fixedly coupled to one end of the third screw rod 134, and the third spring core 135 is fixedly coupled to the third carrier member 133.
  • the third driving member 131 drives the third screw 134 to rotate, the third screw 134 and the third female 135 are screwed to drive the third female 135 to move, and the third female 135 drives the third carrier 133 to translate.
  • the third driving member 131 is a rod cylinder, and the telescopic rod of the rod cylinder is fixedly coupled with the third carrier 133 to drive the third carrier 133 to move.
  • the third translation mechanism 130 further includes a third guiding member 137, the third guiding member 137 is disposed parallel to the third axis direction, and the third carrier member 133 is disposed The third engaging portion 133a that cooperates with the third guiding member 137 slidable the third carrier 133 along the third guiding member 137.
  • the third guiding member 137 is a guiding rail disposed parallel to the third axial direction, and the third engaging portion 133a is fixed at the first A slider on the bottom of the three carrier members 133, the slider being provided with a sliding groove that matches the shape of the rail.
  • the third guiding member 137 is a guiding rod disposed parallel to the third axial direction
  • the third engaging portion 133a is a guiding hole provided on the third carrier 133, the guiding rod passes through the guiding hole, and It is free to slide inside the guide hole.
  • the third guiding member 137 is one, and the third guiding member 137 is disposed opposite to the third screw 134 and parallel to the third screw 134.
  • the third guiding members 137 may also be two, and two or more.
  • the third translation mechanism 130 further includes two guide mounting brackets 136a, and the two guide mounting brackets 136a are fixed on the second carrier 123 and are relatively spaced apart.
  • the third driving member 131 is mounted on one of the guiding member mounting brackets 136a, and the other guiding member mounting bracket 136a is provided with a bearing.
  • the third screw rod 134 is disposed away from one end of the third driving member 131 and is provided with another guiding member mounting bracket 136a. The bearing on it. Both ends of the third guiding member 137 are respectively fixed to the two guiding member mounting brackets 136a.
  • the third core 135 is fixed to the third carrier 133.
  • the third translation mechanism 130 further includes a carrier bracket 136b, and the third carrier 133 is fixedly connected to the third core 135 by the carrier bracket 136b.
  • the carrier bracket 136b is a first U-shaped bracket
  • the third carrier 133 is fixed at two ends of the first U-shaped bracket
  • the third core 135 is provided. Outside the bottom of the first U-shaped bracket.
  • the third translation mechanism 130 further includes a female support 136c, and the third female 135 is fixedly connected to the carrier support 136b through the female support 136c.
  • the silk matrix holder 136c is a second U-shaped bracket, and the silk mother is disposed at the bottom of the second U-shaped bracket, and the opening of the second U-shaped bracket is two The ends are fixedly connected to opposite sides of the bottom of the first U-shaped bracket, respectively.
  • the third guiding member 137 passes through a closed structure formed by the second U-shaped bracket and the first U-shaped bracket.
  • the third guiding member 137 can also be omitted, and only the translation stability of the third carrier member 133 is required to meet the requirement.
  • the third driving member 131 is a linear motor, a linear motor.
  • the primary is fixedly coupled to the third carrier 133 to drive the third carrier 133 to move synchronously.
  • the third driving member 131 is a rodless cylinder, and the piston of the rodless cylinder is fixedly coupled with the third carrier 133 to drive the third carrier 133 to move synchronously.
  • the specific structure of the third carrier 133 can be designed according to different requirements.
  • the third carrier 133 is a carrier plate, and the carrier plate is provided with a hollow portion. By opening a hollow portion on the carrier board, the weight of the carrier board can be reduced, and the structural strength of the carrier board can be greatly reduced.
  • the third translation mechanism 130 further includes a third limit switch 138a disposed along the third axis direction for sensing the moving position of the third carrier 133.
  • the third translation mechanism 130 further includes a limit switch carrier 138b. The two ends of the limit switch carrier 138b are respectively fixedly connected to the two guide mounting brackets 136a, and the third limit switch 138a Installed on the limit switch carrier plate 138b.
  • the third limit switch 138a may be a photoelectric limit switch, a reed switch type limit switch, an inductive limit switch, or the like.
  • the third translation mechanism 130 further includes two battery holders 139 for supporting the battery 201 of the drone 200.
  • two battery holders 139 are mounted on the guide mounting bracket 136a away from the third driving member 131, and are disposed at relatively spaced intervals.
  • the gripping mechanism 140 is mounted on the third carrier 133 for gripping the battery 201.
  • the coordinate positions of the gripping mechanism 140 on the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system are respectively adjusted by the first driving member 111, the second driving member 121, and the third driving member 131.
  • first translation mechanism 110 the second translation mechanism 120
  • third translation mechanism 130 may be set according to different requirements, and is not limited to the manner in the illustrated embodiment, and may be other manners. .
  • the grasping mechanism 140 is disposed on the third translation mechanism 130
  • the third translation mechanism 130 is disposed on the second translation mechanism 120
  • the second translation mechanism 120 is disposed on the second translation mechanism 120 .
  • the first translation mechanism 110 is disposed on the carrier substrate 100a.
  • the second translation mechanism 120 moves parallel to the first translation mechanism 110 to the carrier substrate 100a
  • the third translation mechanism 130 moves toward or away from the carrier substrate 100a.
  • the grasping mechanism 140 is disposed on the third translation mechanism 130, the third translation mechanism 130 is disposed on the second translation mechanism 120, and the second translation mechanism 120 is disposed on the first translation mechanism 110, first The translating mechanism 110 is disposed on the carrier substrate 100a.
  • the third translation mechanism 130 and the second translation mechanism 120 move parallel to the carrier substrate 100a, and the first translation mechanism 110 moves toward or away from the carrier substrate 100a.
  • the gripping mechanism 140 is a vacuum chuck gripping mechanism, a magnet gripping mechanism or a mechanical gripper gripping mechanism.
  • the vacuum chuck grasping mechanism that is, sucking the battery 201 of the drone 200 through the vacuum chuck, when the battery 201 of the drone 200 is grasped, the cylinder connected with the vacuum chuck starts to work, and the vacuum chuck is vacuumed, when the vacuum is lowered
  • the cylinder that communicates with the vacuum chuck stops operating to inflate the vacuum chuck.
  • the magnet grabbing mechanism that is, the electromagnet is used to attract the iron piece on the battery 201 of the drone 200.
  • the electromagnet When the magnet grabbing mechanism grabs the battery 201 of the drone 200, the electromagnet is energized when the magnet gripping mechanism is lowered. When the battery 201 of the drone 200 is used, the electromagnet is de-energized.
  • the mechanical gripper grasping mechanism grips the battery 201 of the drone 200 by a structure similar to a finger.
  • the battery compartment 100c includes a plurality of battery receiving cavities 102, and the plurality of battery receiving cavities 102 are arranged in a matrix, and each of the battery receiving cavities 102 is There is one storage opening (not shown), and the storage opening is provided toward the side where the battery exchange device 100b is located.
  • each of the battery accommodating chambers 102 is provided with a charging device for charging the battery 201.
  • the charging device can charge the battery 201.
  • the charging device may be a non-contact charging device or a contact charging device.
  • the charging device may be a contact charging device, and the contact charging device includes a charging contact 103 disposed on an inner wall of the receiving opening of each of the battery receiving chambers 102, and the battery 201 is provided for The charging electrode corresponding to the charging contact 103 is electrically contacted (not shown).
  • the charging device may be a non-contact charging device, and the non-contact charging device includes one of an electromagnetic induction circuit, a magnetic resonance sensing circuit, and a microwave sensing circuit.
  • an inner structure of the storage opening of each of the battery accommodating chambers 102 is provided with an engaging structure 104, and the engaging structure 104 is engaged with the battery 201 to position the battery 201 in the battery accommodating cavity 102.
  • the engaging structure 104 can be an elastic buckle, an electric lock, an electromagnetic lock, or the like.
  • the elastic buckle is engaged with the outer wall of the battery 201 by an elastic buckle.
  • the battery 201 abuts the elastic buckle to elastically deform the elastic buckle, thereby removing the battery 201 from the battery compartment.
  • the battery housing 102 of the 100c is withdrawn or inserted.
  • the electric lock that is, an electric buckle is controlled by the switch circuit to be engaged with the outer wall of the battery 201.
  • the switch circuit When the battery 201 needs to be grasped, the switch circuit energizes the electric buckle to make the electric buckle clamp the battery 201; when it is necessary to lay down In the battery 201, the switch circuit disconnects the energization of the electric opening to cause the electric buckle to release the battery 201.
  • the electromagnetic lock that is, the battery 201 is positioned by attracting the iron on the battery 201 by the electromagnet, and when the battery 201 needs to be taken out from the battery receiving chamber 102 of the battery compartment 100c, the energization on the electromagnet is turned off.
  • the above-described UAV base station 100 has at least the following advantages:
  • the battery replacing device 100b of the above-mentioned UAV base station 100 adopts three translation mechanisms, and the three translation mechanisms constitute a Cartesian coordinate system, and the three translation mechanisms drive the grasping mechanism 140 to make the grasping mechanism 140 relatively
  • the battery of the drone 200 is placed in the battery compartment 100c, or taken out from the battery compartment 100c, without using the rotary battery compartment 100c having a large occupied space; and when the battery replacement device 100b completes the replacement operation of the battery 201, When it is not working, it moves to the edge of the internal space of the UAV base station 100 by the translation of the three translation mechanisms, and is contracted together to save the internal space of the UAV base station 100. Therefore, the battery replacement device 100b of the above-described UAV base station 100 has a compact structure and a small footprint, which facilitates miniaturization of the UAV base station 100.
  • the battery replacing device 100b of the above-described UAV base station 100 employs three translation mechanisms, and the three translation mechanisms constitute a Cartesian coordinate system, and the battery 201 of the drone 200 can be directly inserted into the battery compartment 100c. There is no need to use an additional driving structure to adjust the direction in which the battery 201 is placed. Therefore, the battery replacing device 100b of the above-described UAV base station 100 has a simple structure and a low cost.
  • the battery replacing device 100b of the above-mentioned UAV base station 100 uses three independent driving members to respectively drive three carriers, wherein two carriers are used to carry two translation mechanisms, and the other is used to carry the grasping mechanism. 140, the three carriers can be independently translated, so that the stability and flexibility of the grasping mechanism 140 are better.

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Abstract

一种无人机基站及其电池更换装置,所述电池更换装置(10b)包括:用于抓取所述电池的抓取机构(14),用于带动所述抓取机构(14)在第一轴方向(X)平移的第一平移机构(11),用于带动所述抓取机构(14)在第二轴方向(Y)平移的第二平移机构(12),用于带动所述抓取机构(14)在第三轴方向(Z)平移的第三平移机构(13)。其中,所述第一轴方向(X)、所述第二轴方向(Y)、以及所述第三轴方向(Z)构成三维笛卡尔坐标系;所述抓取机构(14)在所述三维笛卡尔坐标系内的坐标位置通过所述第一平移机构(11)、所述第二平移机构(12)以及所述第三平移机构(13)调节。上述无人机基站的电池更换装置(10b)的结构较为紧凑,占用空间较小,便于无人机基站的小型化设计。

Description

无人机基站及其电池更换装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种无人机(即,无人飞行器,unmanned aerial vehicle)基站(Dock),特别涉及一种可以自动更换无人机的电池的无人机基站及其电池更换装置。
背景技术
一般小型无人飞行器的电池续航能力有限,为了无人飞行器更适应全自动化的飞行作业,现有市面上已经有科研机构及部分商业公司尝试设计一种能够自动更换无人机的电池的无人机地面基站。
然而,传统的无人机地面基站都采用旋转式电池仓去存储待用电池并充电,其结构较为复杂,占用空间大,且在固定空间内布局电池数量少,从而整体增加了地面基站垂直方向上的高度和整体尺寸的要求。
发明内容
本发明提供一种无人机基站的电池更换装置,以达到结构较为紧凑,占用空间较小,便于无人机基站的小型化设计的目的。
一种无人机基站的电池更换装置,用于更换无人机的电池,其特征在于,所述电池更换装置包括:
用于抓取所述电池的抓取机构;
用于带动所述抓取机构在第一轴方向平移的第一平移机构;
用于带动所述抓取机构在第二轴方向平移的第二平移机构;以及
用于带动所述抓取机构在第三轴方向平移的第三平移机构;
其中,所述第一轴方向、所述第二轴方向、以及所述第三轴方向构成三维笛卡尔坐标系;所述抓取机构在所述三维笛卡尔坐标系内的坐标位置通过所述第一平移机构、所述第二平移机构以及所述第三平移机构调节。
相较于传统技术,上述无人机基站至少存在如下优点:
(1)上述无人机基站的电池更换装置采用三个平移机构,并且该三个平移机构构成笛卡尔坐标系,通过该三个平移机构带动抓取机构,使抓取机构较为方便地将无人机的电池放入电池仓内,或者从电池仓内取出,无需采用占用空间较大的旋转式电池仓;并且,当电池更换装置完成电池更换操作,或不工作的时候,通过三个平移机构的平移而移动到无人机基站的内部空间的边缘,并且收缩在一起,以节省无人机基站的内部空间。因此,上述无人机基站的电池更换装置的结构较为紧凑,占用空间较小,便于无人机基站的小型化设计。
(2)上述无人机基站的电池更换装置采用三个平移机构,并且该三个平移机构构成笛卡尔坐标系,可以直接将无人机的电池的插入电池仓内,而无需采用额外的驱动结构调节电池的摆放方向,因此,上述无人机基站的电池更换装置结构较为简单,成本较低。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一平移机构、所述第二平移机构以及所述第三平移机构依次移动;
或者,所述第一平移机构、所述第二平移机构以及所述第三平移机构中的至少两个同时移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述三维笛卡尔坐标系为直角坐标系或斜角坐标系。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一平移机构为旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二平移机构为旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三平移机构为旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构。
在其中一个实施例中,所述抓取机构为真空吸盘抓取机构、磁铁抓取机构或机械夹爪抓取机构。
在其中一个实施例中,所述抓取机构设于所述第三平移机构上,所述第三平移机构设于所述第二平移机构上,所述第二平移机构设于所述第一平移机构上,所述第一平移机构设于承载基底上;
其中,所述第三平移机构与所述第一平移机构平行于所述承载基底移动,所述第二平移机构朝向远离或靠近所述承载基底的方向移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述抓取机构设于所述第三平移机构上,所述第三平移机构设于所述第二平移机构上,所述第二平移机构设于所述第一平移机构上,所述第一平移机构设于承载基底上;
其中,所述第二平移机构与所述第一平移机构平行于所述承载基底移动,所述第三平移机构朝向远离或靠近所述承载基底的方向移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述抓取机构设于所述第三平移机构上,所述第三平移机构设于所述第二平移机构上,所述第二平移机构设于所述第一平移机构上,所述第一平移机构设于承载基底上;
其中,所述第三平移机构与所述第二平移机构平行于所述承载基底移动,所述第一平移机构朝向远离或靠近所述承载基底的方向移动。
同时,本发明还提供另外一种无人机基站的电池更换装置。
一种无人机基站的电池更换装置,用于更换无人机的电池,所述电池更换装置包括:
第一平移机构,包括第一驱动件、以及第一承载件,所述第一驱动件能够驱动所述第一承载件沿所述第一轴方向移动;
安装在所述第一承载件上的第二平移机构,所述第二平移机构包括第二驱动件、以及第二承载件,所述第二驱动件能够驱动所述第二承载件沿第二轴方向移动;
安装在所述第二承载件上的第三平移机构,所述第三平移机构包括第三驱动件、以及第三承载件,所述第三驱动件能够驱动所述第三承载件沿第三轴方向移动;以及
安装在所述第三承载件上、且用于抓取所述电池的抓取机构;
其中,所述第一轴方向、所述第二轴方向、以及所述第三轴方向构成三维笛卡尔坐标系;所述抓取机构在所述三维笛卡尔坐标系上的坐标位置分别通过所述第一驱动件、所述第二驱动件及所述第三驱动件调节。
相较于传统技术,上述无人机基站的电池更换装置至少存在如下优点:
(1)上述电池更换装置采用三个平移机构,并且该三个平移机构构成笛卡尔坐标系,通过该三个平移机构带动抓取机构,使抓取机构较为方便地将无人机的电池放入电池仓内,或者从电池仓内取出,无需采用占用空间较大的旋转式电池仓;并且,当电池更换装置完成电池更换操作,或不工作的时候,通过三个平移机构的平移而移动到无人机基站的内部空间的边缘,并且收缩在一起,以节省无人机基站的内部空间。因此,上述无人机基站的电池更换装置的结构较为紧凑,占用空间较小,便于无人机基站的小型化设计。
(2)上述电池更换装置采用三个平移机构,并且该三个平移机构构成笛卡尔坐标系,可以直接将无人机的电池的插入电池仓内,而无需采用额外的驱动结构调节电池的摆放方向,因此,上述无人机基站的电池更换装置结构较为简单,成本较低。
(3)上述电池更换装置采用三个独立的驱动件,分别驱动三个承载件,其中两个承载件用于承载两个平移机构,另外一个用于承载抓取机构,三个承载件可以分别独立平移,使得抓取机构移动时稳定性、灵活性均较好。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一平移机构还包括第一导向件,所述第一导向件平行于所述第一轴方向设置,所述第一承载件上设有与所述第一导向件相配合的第一配合部,使所述第一承载件沿所述第一导向件可滑动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一导向件为平行于所述第一轴方向设置的导轨,所述第一配合部为固定在所述第一承载件的底部上的滑块,所述滑块设有与所述导轨形状相配合的滑槽;
或者,所述第一导向件为平行于所述第一轴方向设置的导向杆,所述第一配合部为设于所述第一承载件上的导向孔,所述导向杆穿过所述导向孔,并且在所述导向孔内可自由滑动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一驱动件为旋转电机,所述第一平移机构还包括第一丝杆及套设在所述第一丝杆上的第一丝母,所述第一驱动件的驱动轴与所述第一丝杆的一端共轴固定连接,所述第一丝母与所述第一承载件固定连接;
其中,所述第一驱动件驱动所述第一丝杆旋转,所述第一丝杆与所述第一丝母螺纹配合而带动所述第一丝母移动,所述第一丝母带动所述第一承载件平移。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一平移机构还包括一个丝杆支座以及两个电机支架;
所述丝杆支座上设有轴承,所述第一丝杆远离所述第一驱动件的一端穿设所述丝杆支座上的所述轴承;
所述两个电机支架固定在承载基底上,并且相对间隔设置;所述第一驱动件的相对两侧分别设有一个安装凸耳,两个所述安装凸耳分别与所述两个电机支架固定连接,以将所述第一驱动件固定在所述承载基底上;
所述第一丝母固定在所述第一承载件上。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一导向件为两个,两个所述第一导向件分别位于所述第一丝杆的两侧,并且平行于所述第一丝杆设置。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一驱动件为有杆气缸,所述有杆气缸的伸缩杆与所述第一承载件固定连接,以驱动所述第一承载件移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一驱动件为直线电机,所述直线电机的初级与所述第一承载件固定连接,以带动所述第一承载件同步移动;
或者,所述第一驱动件为无杆气缸,所述无杆气缸的活塞与所述第一承载件固定连接,以带动所述第一承载件同步移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一承载件为承载板,并且所述承载板设有镂空部。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一平移机构还包括第一限位开关,所述第一限位开关沿所述第一轴方向设置,用于感应所述第一承载件的移动位置。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一限位开关为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关或感应式限位开关。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二平移机构还包括第二导向件,所述第二导向件平行于所述第二轴方向设置,所述第二承载件上设有与所述第二导向件相配合的第二配合部,使所述第二承载件沿所述第二导向件可滑动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二导向件为平行于所述第二轴方向设置的导轨,所述第二配合部为固定在所述第二承载件的底部上的滑块,所述滑块设有与所述导轨形状相配合的滑槽;
或者,所述第二导向件为平行于所述第二轴方向设置的导向杆,所述第二配合部为设于所述第二承载件上的导向孔,所述导向杆穿过所述导向孔,并且在所述导向孔内可自由滑动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二驱动件为旋转电机,所述第二平移机构还包括第二丝杆及套设在所述第二丝杆上的第二丝母,所述第二驱动件的驱动轴与所述第二丝杆的一端共轴固定连接,所述第二丝母与所述第二承载件固定连接;
其中,所述第二驱动件驱动所述第二丝杆旋转,所述第二丝杆与所述第二丝母螺纹配合而带动所述第二丝母移动,所述第二丝母带动所述第二承载件平移。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二平移机构还包括电机安装板,所述第二驱动件固定在所述电机安装板上,所述电机安装板通过螺纹紧固件固定在所述第一承载件上;所述第二丝母固定在所述第二承载件上。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二导向件为两个,所述两个第二导向件分别位于所述第二丝杆的两侧,并且平行于所述第二丝杆设置。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二驱动件为有杆气缸,所述有杆气缸的伸缩杆与所述第二承载件固定连接,以驱动所述第二承载件移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二驱动件为直线电机,所述直线电机的初级与所述第二承载件固定连接,以带动所述第二承载件同步移动;
或者,所述第二驱动件为无杆气缸,所述无杆气缸的活塞与所述第二承载件固定连接,以带动所述第二承载件同步移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二承载件为承载板,并且所述承载板设有镂空部。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二平移机构还包括第二限位开关,所述第二限位开关沿所述第二轴方向设置,用于感应所述第二承载件的移动位置。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二平移机构还包括限位开关安装板,所述限位开关安装板与所述第二导向件固定连接,所述第二限位开关安装在所述限位开关安装板上。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二限位开关为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关或感应式限位开关。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三平移机构还包括第三导向件,所述第三导向件平行于所述第三轴方向设置,所述第三承载件上设有与所述第三导向件相配合的第三配合部,使所述第三承载件沿所述第三导向件可滑动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三导向件为平行于所述第三轴方向设置的导轨,所述第三配合部为固定在所述第三承载件的底部上的滑块,所述滑块设有与所述导轨形状相配合的滑槽;
或者,所述第三导向件为平行于所述第三轴方向设置的导向杆,所述第三配合部为设于所述第三承载件上的导向孔,所述导向杆穿过所述导向孔,并且在所述导向孔内可自由滑动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三驱动件为旋转电机,所述第三平移机构还包括第三丝杆及套设在所述第三丝杆上的第三丝母,所述第三驱动件的驱动轴与所述第三丝杆的一端共轴固定连接,所述第三丝母与所述第三承载件固定连接;
其中,所述第三驱动件驱动所述第三丝杆旋转,所述第三丝杆与所述第三丝母螺纹配合而带动所述第三丝母移动,所述第三丝母带动所述第三承载件平移。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三平移机构还包括两个导向件安装支架,两个所述导向件安装支架固定在所述第二承载件上,并且相对间隔设置;
所述第三驱动件安装在其中一个所述导向件安装支架上,另外一个所述导向件安装支架上设有轴承,所述第三丝杆远离所述第三驱动件的一端穿设另外一个所述导向件安装支架上的所述轴承;
所述第三导向件的两端分别固定在两个所述导向件安装支架上;
所述第三丝母固定在所述第三承载件上。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三平移机构还包括两个电池支架,用于支撑无人机的电池;所述两个电池支架安装在其中一个远离所述第三驱动件的所述导向件安装支架上,并且相对间隔设置。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三导向件为一个,所述第三导向件与所述第三丝杆相对设置,并且平行于所述第三丝杆。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三驱动件为有杆气缸,所述有杆气缸的伸缩杆与所述第三承载件固定连接,以驱动所述第三承载件移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三驱动件为直线电机,所述直线电机的初级与所述第三承载件固定连接,以带动所述第三承载件同步移动;
或者,所述第三驱动件为无杆气缸,所述无杆气缸的活塞与所述第三承载件固定连接,以带动所述第三承载件同步移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三承载件为承载板,并且所述承载板设有镂空部。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三平移机构还包括第三限位开关,所述第三限位开关沿所述第三轴方向设置,用于感应所述第三承载件的移动位置。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三限位开关为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关或感应式限位开关。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三平移机构还包括第三限位开关、以及限位开关承载板,所述限位开关承载板的两端分别与两个所述导向件安装支架固定连接,所述第三限位开关安装在所述限位开关承载板上。
在其中一个实施例中,所述抓取机构为真空吸盘抓取机构、磁铁抓取机构或机械夹爪抓取机构。
另外,本发明还提供一种采用上述电池更换装置的无人机基站。
一种无人机基站,包括:
承载基底;
电池更换装置,用于更换无人机的电池,所述电池更换装置包括第一平移机构、第二平移机构、第三平移机构以及抓取机构;
所述第一平移机构安装在所述承载基底上,所述第一平移机构包括第一驱动件、以及第一承载件,所述第一驱动件能够驱动所述第一承载件沿所述第一轴方向移动;
所述安装在所述第一承载件上的第二平移机构,所述第二平移机构包括第二驱动件、以及第二承载件,所述第二驱动件能够驱动所述第二承载件沿第二轴方向移动;
所述安装在所述第二承载件上的第三平移机构,所述第三平移机构包括第三驱动件、以及第三承载件,所述第三驱动件能够驱动所述第三承载件沿第三轴方向移动;所述第一轴方向、所述第二轴方向、以及所述第三轴方向构成三维笛卡尔坐标系;
所述安装在所述第三承载件上、且用于抓取所述电池的抓取机构;所述抓取机构在所述三维笛卡尔坐标系上的坐标位置分别通过所述第一驱动件、所述第二驱动件及所述第三驱动件调节;
安装在所述承载基底上的电池仓,所述电池仓用于收纳所述电池,并且给所述电池充电;
其中,通过所述电池更换装置抓取所述电池,并能够将所述电池从所述电池仓内取出,或放入所述电池仓内。
相较于传统技术,上述无人机基站至少存在如下优点:
(1)上述无人机基站的电池更换装置采用三个平移机构,并且该三个平移机构构成笛卡尔坐标系,通过该三个平移机构带动抓取机构,使抓取机构较为方便地将无人机的电池放入电池仓内,或者从电池仓内取出,无需采用占用空间较大的旋转式电池仓;并且,当电池更换装置完成电池更换操作,或不工作的时候,通过三个平移机构的平移而移动到无人机基站的内部空间的边缘,并且收缩在一起,以节省无人机基站的内部空间。因此,上述无人机基站的电池更换装置的结构较为紧凑,占用空间较小,便于无人机基站的小型化设计。
(2)上述无人机基站的电池更换装置采用三个平移机构,并且该三个平移机构构成笛卡尔坐标系,可以直接将无人机的电池的插入电池仓内,而无需采用额外的驱动结构调节电池的摆放方向,因此,上述无人机基站的电池更换装置结构较为简单,成本较低。
(3)上述无人机基站的电池更换装置采用三个独立的驱动件,分别驱动三个承载件,其中两个承载件用于承载两个平移机构,另外一个用于承载抓取机构,三个承载件可以分别独立平移,使得抓取机构移动时稳定性、灵活性均较好。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一平移机构还包括第一导向件,所述第一导向件平行于所述第一轴方向设置,所述第一承载件上设有与所述第一导向件相配合的第一配合部,使所述第一承载件沿所述第一导向件可滑动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一导向件为平行于所述第一轴方向设置的导轨,所述第一配合部为固定在所述第一承载件的底部上的滑块,所述滑块设有与所述导轨形状相配合的滑槽;
或者,所述第一导向件为平行于所述第一轴方向设置的导向杆,所述第一配合部为设于所述第一承载件上的导向孔,所述导向杆穿过所述导向孔,并且在所述导向孔内可自由滑动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一驱动件为旋转电机,所述第一平移机构还包括第一丝杆及套设在所述第一丝杆上的第一丝母,所述第一驱动件的驱动轴与所述第一丝杆的一端共轴固定连接,所述第一丝母与所述第一承载件固定连接;
其中,所述第一驱动件驱动所述第一丝杆旋转,所述第一丝杆与所述第一丝母螺纹配合而带动所述第一丝母移动,所述第一丝母带动所述第一承载件平移。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一平移机构还包括一个丝杆支座以及两个电机支架;
所述丝杆支座上设有轴承,所述第一丝杆远离所述第一驱动件的一端穿设所述丝杆支座上的所述轴承;
所述两个电机支架固定在承载基底上,并且相对间隔设置;所述第一驱动件的相对两侧分别设有一个安装凸耳,两个所述安装凸耳分别与所述两个电机支架固定连接,以将所述第一驱动件固定在所述承载基底上;
所述第一丝母固定在所述第一承载件上。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一导向件为两个,所述两个第一导向件分别位于所述第一丝杆的两侧,并且平行于所述第一丝杆设置。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一驱动件为有杆气缸,所述有杆气缸的伸缩杆与所述第一承载件固定连接,以驱动所述第一承载件移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一驱动件为直线电机,所述直线电机的初级与所述第一承载件固定连接,以带动所述第一承载件同步移动;
或者,所述第一驱动件为无杆气缸,所述无杆气缸的活塞与所述第一承载件固定连接,以带动所述第一承载件同步移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一承载件为承载板,并且所述承载板设有镂空部。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一平移机构还包括第一限位开关,所述第一限位开关沿所述第一轴方向设置,用于感应所述第一承载件的移动位置。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第一限位开关为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关或感应式限位开关。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二平移机构还包括第二导向件,所述第二导向件平行于所述第二轴方向设置,所述第二承载件上设有与所述第二导向件相配合的第二配合部,使所述第二承载件沿所述第二导向件可滑动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二导向件为平行于所述第二轴方向设置的导轨,所述第二配合部为固定在所述第二承载件的底部上的滑块,所述滑块设有与所述导轨形状相配合的滑槽;
或者,所述第二导向件为平行于所述第二轴方向设置的导向杆,所述第二配合部为设于所述第二承载件上的导向孔,所述导向杆穿过所述导向孔,并且在所述导向孔内可自由滑动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二驱动件为旋转电机,所述第二平移机构还包括第二丝杆及套设在所述第二丝杆上的第二丝母,所述第二驱动件的驱动轴与所述第二丝杆的一端共轴固定连接,所述第二丝母与所述第二承载件固定连接;
其中,所述第二驱动件驱动所述第二丝杆旋转,所述第二丝杆与所述第二丝母螺纹配合而带动所述第二丝母移动,所述第二丝母带动所述第二承载件平移。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二平移机构还包括电机安装板,所述第二驱动件固定在所述电机安装板上,所述电机安装板通过螺纹紧固件固定在所述第一承载件上;所述第二丝母固定在所述第二承载件上。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二导向件为两个,所述两个第二导向件分别位于所述第二丝杆的两侧,并且平行于所述第二丝杆设置。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二驱动件为有杆气缸,所述有杆气缸的伸缩杆与所述第二承载件固定连接,以驱动所述第二承载件移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二驱动件为直线电机,所述直线电机的初级与所述第二承载件固定连接,以带动所述第二承载件同步移动;
或者,所述第二驱动件为无杆气缸,所述无杆气缸的活塞与所述第二承载件固定连接,以带动所述第二承载件同步移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二承载件为承载板,并且所述承载板设有镂空部。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二平移机构还包括第二限位开关,所述第二限位开关沿所述第二轴方向设置,用于感应所述第二承载件的移动位置。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二平移机构还包括限位开关安装板,所述限位开关安装板与所述第二导向件固定连接,所述第二限位开关安装在所述限位开关安装板上。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第二限位开关为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关或感应式限位开关。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三平移机构还包括第三导向件,所述第三导向件平行于所述第三轴方向设置,所述第三承载件上设有与所述第三导向件相配合的第三配合部,使所述第三承载件沿所述第三导向件可滑动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三导向件为平行于所述第三轴方向设置的导轨,所述第三配合部为固定在所述第三承载件的底部上的滑块,所述滑块设有与所述导轨形状相配合的滑槽;
或者,所述第三导向件为平行于所述第三轴方向设置的导向杆,所述第三配合部为设于所述第三承载件上的导向孔,所述导向杆穿过所述导向孔,并且在所述导向孔内可自由滑动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三驱动件为旋转电机,所述第三平移机构还包括第三丝杆及套设在所述第三丝杆上的第三丝母,所述第三驱动件的驱动轴与所述第三丝杆的一端共轴固定连接,所述第三丝母与所述第三承载件固定连接;
其中,所述第三驱动件驱动所述第三丝杆旋转,所述第三丝杆与所述第三丝母螺纹配合而带动所述第三丝母移动,所述第三丝母带动所述第三承载件平移。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三平移机构还包括两个导向件安装支架,两个所述导向件安装支架固定在所述第二承载件上,并且相对间隔设置;
所述第三驱动件安装在其中一个所述导向件安装支架上,另外一个所述第三导向件安装支架上设有轴承,所述第三丝杆远离所述第三驱动件的一端穿设另外一个所述导向件安装支架上的所述轴承;
所述第三导向件的两端分别固定在两个所述导向件安装支架上;
所述第三丝母固定在所述第三承载件上。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三平移机构还包括两个电池支架,用于支撑无人机的电池;所述两个电池支架安装在其中一个远离所述第三驱动件的所述导向件安装支架上,并且相对间隔设置。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三导向件为一个,所述第三导向件与所述第三丝杆相对设置,并且平行于所述第三丝杆。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三驱动件为有杆气缸,所述有杆气缸的伸缩杆与所述第三承载件固定连接,以驱动所述第三承载件移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三驱动件为直线电机,所述直线电机的初级与所述第三承载件固定连接,以带动所述第三承载件同步移动;
或者,所述第三驱动件为无杆气缸,所述无杆气缸的活塞与所述第三承载件固定连接,以带动所述第三承载件同步移动。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三承载件为承载板,并且所述承载板设有镂空部。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三平移机构还包括第三限位开关,所述第三限位开关沿所述第三轴方向设置,用于感应所述第三承载件的移动位置。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三限位开关为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关或感应式限位开关。
在其中一个实施例中,所述第三平移机构还包括第三限位开关、以及限位开关承载板,所述限位开关承载板的两端分别与两个所述导向件安装支架固定连接,所述第三限位开关安装在所述限位开关承载板上。
在其中一个实施例中,所述抓取机构为真空吸盘抓取机构、磁铁抓取机构或机械夹爪抓取机构。
在其中一个实施例中,所述电池仓包括多个电池容置腔,所述多个电池容置腔以矩阵式排布,每个所述电池容置腔均具有一个收纳口,并且所述收纳口朝向所述电池更换装置所在的一侧设置。
在其中一个实施例中,每个所述电池容置腔设有用于给所述电池充电的充电装置,当所述电池放入到所述电池容置腔内,所述充电装置能够给所述电池充电。
在其中一个实施例中,所述充电装置为非接触式充电装置,所述非接触式充电装置包括电磁感应电路、磁共振感应电路和微波感应电路中的一种。
在其中一个实施例中,所述充电装置为接触式充电装置,所述接触式充电装置包括设于每个所述电池容置腔的所述收纳口的内壁上的充电触点,所述电池设有用于与所述充电触点电接触对应的充电电极。
在其中一个实施例中,每个所述电池容置腔的所述收纳口的内壁上设有卡合结构,所述卡合结构与所述电池相卡持,以将所述电池定位在所述电池容置腔内。
在其中一个实施例中,所述卡合结构为弹性卡扣、电动锁扣或电磁锁扣。
附图说明
图1为本发明的实施方式一的无人机基站的结构示意图;
图2为本发明的实施方式二的无人机基站上停有无人机时的结构示意图;
图3为图2所示的无人机基站去除外壳后的结构示意图;
图4为图3所示的无人机基站的另一视角的结构示意图;
图5为图4所示的无人机基站的分解图;
图6为图4所示的无人机基站的第一平移机构的分解图;
图7为图4所示的无人机基站的第二平移机构的分解图;
图8为图4所示的无人机基站的第三平移机构的分解图;
图9为图4所示的无人机基站的俯视图;
图10为图3所示的无人机基站的电池仓的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是,当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件,它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件,它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本公开提供一种无人机基站,包括电池更换装置、以及电池仓,电池更换装置用于自动更换无人机的电池,电池仓用于收纳无人机的电池,并对无人机的电池进行充电。
电池更换装置采用一个抓取机构去抓取无人机的电池,采用三个平移机构去调节抓取结构的位置,该三个平移机构可以构建成一个三维笛卡尔坐标系。通过三个平移机构控制抓取机构,使抓取机构将电池从电池仓取出,或放入电池内。由于三个平移机构可以构建成一个三维笛卡尔坐标系,当电池更换装置完成更换电池操作后,或不工作时,三个平移机构及抓取机构可以移动到无人机基站的内部空间的边缘,并且收缩在一起,以节省无人机基站的内部空间,便于无人机基站的体积小型化设计。
在其中一些实施例中,无人机基站可以为地面基站,也可以为空中基站,例如,采用气球将该无人机基站停留在空中,也可以为水上基站,例如,采用船舶等载体,将该无人机基站停留在海面上、湖面上等。
在其中一些实施例中,地面基站可以为固定式地面基站,也可以为便携式移动基站。
在其中一些实施例中,三个平移机构可以构建成笛卡尔直角坐标系或笛卡尔斜角坐标系。例如,当无人机基站的内部空间形状为矩形等规则形状,则三个平移机构可以构建成笛卡尔直角坐标系,以适配无人机基站的内部空间形状,从而更能节省无人机基站的内部空间;当无人机基站的内部空间形状为锥形等形状时,则三个平移机构可以构建成笛卡尔斜角坐标系,以尽量适配无人机基站的内部空间形状,从而更能节省无人机基站的内部空间。
在其中一些实施例中,三个平移机构的移动顺序可以依次进行或同时进行,例如,三个平移机构可以依次移动,或者,其中两个平移机构同时移动,或者,三个平移机构同时移动。当三个平移机构同时移动时,三个平移机构可以同时完成平移操作,即,S1/V1=S2/V2=S3/V3,S1、S2、S3分别为三个平移机构平移的位移,V1、V2、V3分别为三个平移机构平移的速度;三个平移机构也可以不同时完成平移操作,例如,S1/V1=S2/V2<S3/V3,S3为抓取机构朝向电池仓移动的位移。
在其中一些实施例中,三个平移机构可以依次在承载基底上构建笛卡尔坐标系,也可以颠倒次序在承载基底上构建笛卡尔坐标系。
例如,三个平移机构分别为X轴结构、Y轴结构、Z轴结构,X轴结构及Y轴结构分别用于调节平行于承载基底的两个平面坐标,Z轴结构用于调节垂直于承载基底的高度。此时,可以将X轴结构设于承载基底上,将Z轴结构设于X轴结构上,将Y轴结构设于Z轴结构上;或者,可以将X轴结构设于承载基底上,将Y轴结构设于X轴结构上,将Z轴结构设于Y轴结构上;或者,可以将Z轴结构设于承载基底上,将X轴结构设于Z轴结构上,将Y轴结构设于X轴结构上。
下面结合附图,对本发明的一些实施方式作详细说明。
请参阅图1,本发明的实施方式一的无人机基站10,包括承载基底10a、电池更换装置10b及电池仓10c。电池更换装置10b安装在承载基底10a上,用于更换无人机的电池。电池仓10c用于收纳无人机的电池,并且给无人机的电池充电。
电池更换装置10b包括第一平移机构11、第二平移机构12、第三平移机构13、以及抓取机构14,抓取机构14用于抓取电池,第一平移机构11用于带动抓取机构14在第一轴方向X平移,第二平移机构12用于带动抓取机构14在第二轴方向Y平移,第三平移机构13用于带动抓取机构14在第三轴方向Z平移。其中,第一轴方向X、第二轴方向Y、以及第三轴方向Z构成三维笛卡尔坐标系.抓取机构14在三维笛卡尔坐标系内的坐标位置通过第一平移机构11、第二平移机构12以及第三平移机构13调节。
进一步的,第一平移机构11、第二平移机构12以及第三平移机构13可以同步工作,也可以分别工作。例如,在图示的实施例中,第一平移机构11、第二平移机构12以及第三平移机构13依次移动。在其他实施例中,第一平移机构11、第二平移机构12以及第三平移机构13中的至少两个同时移动。
进一步的,三维笛卡尔坐标系可以为直角坐标系,也可以为斜角坐标系。可以根据无人机基站10的内部空间的形状,构建适当的坐标系,例如,当无人机基站10的内部空间为立方形,则选择构建笛卡尔直角坐标系,更加能够节省无人机基站10的内部空间;当无人机基站10的内部空间为棱锥形等类似形状,则选择构建笛卡尔斜角坐标系,更加能够无人机基站10的内部空间。
进一步的,第一平移机构11的具体结构可以根据实际需要来设计,例如,第一平移机构11可以为旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构。旋转电机平移机构,即通过采用旋转电机驱动丝杆转动,丝杆上套有丝母,并且丝杆与丝母螺纹配合而驱动丝母平移,丝母继而带动被承载物移动。皮带平移机构,即通过皮带轮带动皮带转动,固定在皮带上的被承载物跟随皮带同步移动。气缸平移驱动机构,即通过气缸驱动被承载物移动,例如,气缸为有杆气缸,有杆气缸的伸缩杆带动被承载物移动,或者,气缸为无杆气缸,无杆气缸的活塞与被承载物固定连接而带动被承载物同步移动。直线电机平移驱动机构,即通过直线电机的初级带动被承载物同步移动。
进一步的,第二平移机构12的具体结构可以根据实际需要来设计,例如,第二平移机构12可以为旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构。旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构的工作原理与上文论述相同,在此不再详细赘述。
进一步的,第三平移机构13的具体结构可以根据实际需要来设计,例如,第三平移机构13可以为旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构。旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构的工作原理与上文论述相同,在此不再详细赘述。
需要说明的是,第一平移机构11、第二平移机构12、以及第三平移机构13的具体结构类型可以相同,也可以不同。例如,第一平移机构11、第二平移机构12都可以采用直线电机平移驱动机构,第三平移机构13采用旋转电机平移驱动机构,或者,第一平移机构11、第二平移机构12以及第三平移机构13均采用旋转电机平移驱动机构。
进一步的,抓取机构14可以为真空吸盘抓取机构、磁铁抓取机构或机械夹爪抓取机构。真空吸盘抓取机构,即通过真空吸盘去吸取无人机的电池,当抓取无人机的电池时,与真空吸盘连通的气缸开始工作,使真空吸盘抽真空,当放下无人机的电池时,与真空吸盘连通的气缸停止工作,使真空吸盘充气。磁铁抓取机构,即通过电磁铁去吸引无人机的电池上的铁质件,当磁铁抓取机构抓取无人机的电池时,电磁铁通电,当磁铁抓取机构放下无人机的电池时,电磁铁断电。机械夹爪抓取机构,即通过类似手指等夹具结构来夹取无人机的电池。
进一步的,第一平移机构11、第二平移机构12、第三平移机构13之间的位置关系可以根据不同需求来设置。例如,在图示的实施例中,抓取机构14设于第三平移机构13上,第三平移机构13设于第二平移机构12上,第二平移机构12设于第一平移机构11上,第一平移机构11设于承载基底10a上。其中,第三平移机构13与第一平移机构11平行于承载基底10a移动,第二平移机构12朝向远离或靠近承载基底10a的方向移动。
在另一个实施例中,抓取机构14设于第三平移机构13上,第三平移机构13设于第二平移机构12上,第二平移机构12设于第一平移机构11上,第一平移机构11设于承载基底10a上。其中,第二平移机构12与第一平移机构11平行于承载基底10a移动,第三平移机构13朝向远离或靠近承载基底10a的方向移动。
在另一个实施例中,抓取机构14设于第三平移机构13上,第三平移机构13设于第二平移机构12上,第二平移机构12设于第一平移机构11上,第一平移机构11设于承载基底10a上。其中,第三平移机构13与第二平移机构12平行于承载基底10a移动,第一平移机构11朝向远离或靠近承载基底10a的方向移动。
电池仓10c的具体结构可以根据不同需要来设计。例如,具体在图示的实施例中,电池仓10c包括多个电池容置腔,多个电池容置腔以矩阵式排布,每个电池容置腔均具有一个收纳口,并且收纳口朝向电池更换装置10b所在的一侧设置。
进一步的,每个电池容置腔设有用于给电池充电的充电装置,当电池放入到电池容置腔内,充电装置能够给电池充电。
进一步的,该充电装置可以为非接触式充电装置,也可以为接触式充电装置。例如,在其中一个实施例中,充电装置为非接触式充电装置,非接触式充电装置包括电磁感应电路、磁共振感应电路和微波感应电路中的一种。在另外一个实施例中,充电装置为接触式充电装置,接触式充电装置包括设于每个电池容置腔的收纳口的内壁上的充电触点,电池设有用于与充电触点电接触对应的充电电极。
进一步的,每个电池容置腔的收纳口的内壁上设有卡合结构,卡合结构与电池相卡持,以将电池定位在电池容置腔内。
进一步的,卡合结构为弹性卡扣、电动锁扣或电磁锁扣。弹性卡扣,即通过一个弹性卡扣与电池的外壁卡持,当施加一外力给电池,电池抵接该弹性卡扣而使该弹性卡扣发生弹性形变,从而将电池从电池仓10c的电池容置腔内抽出或插入。电动锁扣,即通过开关电路控制一个驱动件,使驱动件驱动一个卡扣与电池的外壁相卡持,当需要抓取电池,则开关电路给驱动间通电,使卡扣抵接电池;当需要放下电池,则开关电路断开驱动件的通电,使卡扣与电池分离。电磁锁扣,即通过电磁铁吸引电池上的铁质件而定位电池,当需要从电池仓10c的电池容置腔内取出电池时,则断开电磁铁上的通电。
相较于传统技术,上述无人机基站10至少存在如下优点:
(1)上述无人机基站10的电池更换装置10b采用三个平移机构,并且该三个平移机构构成笛卡尔坐标系,通过该三个平移机构带动抓取机构14,使抓取机构14较为方便地将无人机的电池放入电池仓10c内,或者从电池仓10c内取出,无需采用占用空间较大的旋转式电池仓10c;并且,当电池更换装置10b完成电池更换操作,或不工作的时候,通过三个平移机构的平移而移动到无人机基站10的内部空间的边缘,并且收缩在一起,以节省无人机基站10的内部空间。因此,上述无人机基站10的电池更换装置10b的结构较为紧凑,占用空间较小,便于无人机基站10的小型化设计。
(2)上述无人机基站10的电池更换装置10b采用三个平移机构,并且该三个平移机构构成笛卡尔坐标系,可以直接将无人机的电池的插入电池仓10c内,而无需采用额外的驱动结构调节电池的摆放方向,因此,上述无人机基站10的电池更换装置10b结构较为简单,成本较低。
请参阅图2至图5,本发明的实施方式二的无人机基站100,包括承载基底100a、电池更换装置100b及电池仓100c(如图10所示)。电池更换装置100b安装在承载基底100a上,用于更换无人机的电池。电池仓100c用于收纳无人机200的电池201,并且给无人机200的电池201充电。
电池更换装置100b包括第一平移机构110、第二平移机构120、第三平移机构130、以及抓取机构140。第一平移机构110、第二平移机构120以及第三平移机构130可以同步工作,也可以分别单独工作。例如,在图示的实施例中,第一平移机构110、第二平移机构120以及第三平移机构130依次移动。在其他实施例中,第一平移机构110、第二平移机构120以及第三平移机构130中的至少两个同时移动。
其中,抓取机构140设于第三平移机构130上,第三平移机构130设于第二平移机构120上,第二平移机构120设于第一平移机构110上,第一平移机构110设于承载基底100a上。其中,第三平移机构130与第一平移机构110平行于承载基底100a移动,第二平移机构120朝向远离或靠近承载基底100a的方向移动。
第一平移机构110的具体结构可以根据实际需要来设计,例如,第一平移机构110可以为旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构。旋转电机平移机构,即通过采用旋转电机驱动丝杆转动,丝杆上套有丝母,并且丝杆与丝母螺纹配合而驱动丝母平移,丝母继而带动被承载物移动。皮带平移机构,即通过皮带轮带动皮带转动,固定在皮带上的被承载物跟随皮带同步移动。气缸平移驱动机构,即通过气缸驱动被承载物移动,例如,气缸为有杆气缸,有杆气缸的伸缩杆带动被承载物移动,或者,气缸为无杆气缸,无杆气缸的活塞与被承载物固定连接而带动被承载物同步移动。直线电机平移驱动机构,即通过直线电机的初级带动被承载物同步移动。
请一并参阅图6,具体在图示的实施例中,第一平移机构110包括第一驱动件111、以及第一承载件113,第一驱动件111能够驱动第一承载件113沿第一轴方向移动。
第一驱动件111可以为气缸,也可以为电机。例如,在图示的实施例中,第一驱动件111为旋转电机,第一平移机构110还包括第一丝杆114及套设在第一丝杆114上的第一丝母115,第一驱动件111的驱动轴与第一丝杆114的一端共轴固定连接,第一丝母115与第一承载件113固定连接。其中,第一驱动件111驱动第一丝杆114旋转,第一丝杆114与第一丝母115螺纹配合而带动第一丝母115移动,第一丝母115带动第一承载件113平移。
进一步的,第一平移机构110还包括一个丝杆支座116a以及两个电机支架116b。丝杆支座116a上设有轴承,第一丝杆114远离第一驱动件111的一端穿设丝杆支座116a上的轴承。两个电机支架116b固定在承载基底100a上,并且相对间隔设置。第一驱动件111的相对两侧分别设有一个安装凸耳111a,两个安装凸耳111a分别与两个电机支架116b固定连接,以将第一驱动件111固定在承载基底100a上。第一丝母115固定在第一承载件113上。
在其他实施例中,第一驱动件111为有杆气缸,有杆气缸的伸缩杆与第一承载件113固定连接,以驱动第一承载件113移动。
进一步的,为了提高第一承载件113平移时的稳定性,第一平移机构110还包括第一导向件117,第一导向件117平行于第一轴方向设置,第一承载件113上设有与第一导向件117相配合的第一配合部113a,使第一承载件113沿第一导向件117可滑动。
第一导向件117的具体结构可以根据不同需求来设计,例如,在图示的实施例中,第一导向件117为平行于第一轴方向设置的导轨,第一配合部113a为固定在第一承载件113的底部上的滑块,滑块设有与导轨形状相配合的滑槽。
在其他实施例中,第一导向件117为平行于第一轴方向设置的导向杆,第一配合部113a为设于第一承载件113上的导向孔,导向杆穿过导向孔,并且在导向孔内可自由滑动。
进一步的,第一导向件117为两个,两个第一导向件117分别位于第一丝杆114的两侧,并且平行于第一丝杆114设置。当然,在本发明中,第一导向件117不限于为两个,也可以为一个,或三个及三个以上。
需要说明的是,第一导向件117也可以省略,只需要第一承载件113的平移稳定性满足需求即可,例如,在其中一个实施例中,第一驱动件111为直线电机,直线电机的初级与第一承载件113固定连接,以带动第一承载件113同步移动。在其他实施例中,第一驱动件111为无杆气缸,无杆气缸的活塞与第一承载件113固定连接,以带动第一承载件113同步移动。
第一承载件113的具体结构可以根据不同需求来设计,例如,在图示的实施例中,第一承载件113为承载板,并且承载板设有镂空部。通过在承载板上开设镂空部,以减轻承载板的重量,同时可避免大幅度降低承载板的结构强度。
进一步的,第一平移机构110还包括第一限位开关118,第一限位开关118沿第一轴方向设置,用于感应第一承载件113的移动位置。
进一步的,第一限位开关118可以为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关、感应式限位开关等等。
第二平移机构120安装在第一承载件113上。第二平移机构120的具体结构可以根据实际需要来设计,例如,第二平移机构120为旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构。旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构的工作原理与上文论述相同,在此不再详细赘述。
请一并参阅图7,具体在图示的实施例中,第二平移机构120包括第二驱动件121、以及第二承载件123,第二驱动件121能够驱动第二承载件123沿第二轴方向移动。
第二驱动件121可以为气缸,也可以为电机。例如,在图示的实施例中,第二驱动件121为旋转电机,第二平移机构120还包括第二丝杆124及套设在第二丝杆124上的第二丝母125,第二驱动件121的驱动轴与第二丝杆124的一端共轴固定连接,第二丝母125与第二承载件123固定连接。其中,第二驱动件121驱动第二丝杆124旋转,第二丝杆124与第二丝母125螺纹配合而带动第二丝母125移动,第二丝母125带动第二承载件123平移。
进一步的,第二平移机构120还包括电机安装板126,第二驱动件121固定在电机安装板126上,电机安装板126通过螺纹紧固件(图未标)固定在第一承载件113上。第二丝母125固定在第二承载件123上。
在其他实施例中,第二驱动件121为有杆气缸,有杆气缸的伸缩杆与第二承载件123固定连接,以驱动第二承载件123移动。
进一步的,为了提高第二承载件123移动时的平稳性,第二平移机构120还包括第二导向件127,第二导向件127平行于第二轴方向设置,第二承载件123上设有与第二导向件127相配合的第二配合部123a,使第二承载件123沿第二导向件127可滑动。
第二导向件127的具体结构根据不同需求来设计,例如,在图示的实施例中,第二导向件127为平行于第二轴方向设置的导轨,第二配合部123a为固定在第二承载件123的底部上的滑块,滑块设有与导轨形状相配合的滑槽。
在其他实施例中,第二导向件127为平行于第二轴方向设置的导向杆,第二配合部123a为设于第二承载件123上的导向孔,导向杆穿过导向孔,并且在导向孔内可自由滑动。
进一步的,第二导向件127为两个,两个第二导向件127分别位于第二丝杆124的两侧,并且平行于第二丝杆124设置。当然,在本发明中,第二导向件127不限于为两个,也可以为一个或三个及以上。
需要说明的是,第二导向件127也可以省略,只需要第二承载件123的平移稳定性满足需求即可,例如,在其中一个实施例中,第二驱动件121可以为直线电机,直线电机的初级与第二承载件123固定连接,以带动第二承载件123同步移动。在其他实施例中,第二驱动件121可以为无杆气缸,无杆气缸的活塞与第二承载件123固定连接,以带动第二承载件123同步移动。
第二承载件123的具体结构可以根据不同需求来设计,例如,在图示的实施例中,第二承载件123为承载板,并且承载板设有镂空部。通过在承载板上开设镂空部,以减轻承载板的重量,同时可避免大幅度降低承载板的结构强度。
进一步的,第二平移机构120还包括第二限位开关128a,第二限位开关128a沿第二轴方向设置,用于感应第二承载件123的移动位置。具体在图示的实施例中,第二平移机构120还包括限位开关安装板128b,限位开关安装板128b与第二导向件127固定连接,第二限位开关128a安装在限位开关安装板128b上。
进一步的,第二限位开关128a可以为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关、感应式限位开关等等。
第三平移机构130安装在第二承载件123上。第三平移机构130的具体结构可以根据实际需要来设计,例如,第三平移机构130为旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构。旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构的工作原理与上文论述相同,在此不再详细赘述。
请一并参阅图8,具体在图示的实施例中,第三平移机构130包括第三驱动件131、以及第三承载件133,第三驱动件131能够驱动第三承载件133沿第三轴方向移动。其中,第一轴方向、第二轴方向、以及第三轴方向构成三维笛卡尔坐标系。
可以理解,三维笛卡尔坐标系可以为直角坐标系,也可以为斜角坐标系。可以根据无人机基站100的内部空间,构建适当的坐标系,例如,当无人机基站100的内部空间为立方形,则选择构建笛卡尔直角坐标系,更加能够节省无人机基站100的内部空间;当无人机基站100的内部空间为棱锥形等类似形状,则选择构建笛卡尔斜角坐标系,更加能够无人机基站100的内部空间。
第三驱动件131可以为气缸,也可以为电机。例如,具体在图示的实施例中,第三驱动件131为旋转电机,第三平移机构130还包括第三丝杆134及套设在第三丝杆134上的第三丝母135,第三驱动件131的驱动轴与第三丝杆134的一端共轴固定连接,第三丝母135与第三承载件133固定连接。其中,第三驱动件131驱动第三丝杆134旋转,第三丝杆134与第三丝母135螺纹配合而带动第三丝母135移动,第三丝母135带动第三承载件133平移。
在其他实施例中,第三驱动件131为有杆气缸,有杆气缸的伸缩杆与第三承载件133固定连接,以驱动第三承载件133移动。
进一步的,为了提高第三承载件133移动时的平稳性,第三平移机构130还包括第三导向件137,第三导向件137平行于第三轴方向设置,第三承载件133上设有与第三导向件137相配合的第三配合部133a,使第三承载件133沿第三导向件137可滑动。
第三导向件137的具体结构可以根据不同需求来设计,例如,在图示的实施例中,第三导向件137为平行于第三轴方向设置的导轨,第三配合部133a为固定在第三承载件133的底部上的滑块,滑块设有与导轨形状相配合的滑槽。
在其他的实施例中,第三导向件137为平行于第三轴方向设置的导向杆,第三配合部133a为设于第三承载件133上的导向孔,导向杆穿过导向孔,并且在导向孔内可自由滑动。
进一步的,第三导向件137为一个,第三导向件137与第三丝杆134相对设置,并且平行于第三丝杆134。当然,在本发明中,第三导向件137也可以为两个,以及两个以上。
进一步的,第三平移机构130还包括两个导向件安装支架136a,两个导向件安装支架136a固定在第二承载件123上,并且相对间隔设置。第三驱动件131安装在其中一个导向件安装支架136a上,另外一个导向件安装支架136a上设有轴承,第三丝杆134远离第三驱动件131的一端穿设另外一个导向件安装支架136a上的轴承。第三导向件137的两端分别固定在两个导向件安装支架136a上。第三丝母135固定在第三承载件133上。
进一步的,第三平移机构130还包括承载件支架136b,所述第三承载件133通过所述承载件支架136b与所述第三丝母135固定连接。具体在图示的实施例中,所述承载件支架136b为第一U型支架,所述第三承载件133固定在所述第一U型支架的两端,所述第三丝母135设于所述第一U型支架的底部外侧。
进一步的,第三平移机构130还包括丝母支架136c,所述第三丝母135通过所述丝母支架136c与所述承载件支架136b固定连接。具体在图示的实施例中,所述丝母支架136c为第二U型支架,并且所述丝母穿设在所述第二U型支架的底部,所述第二U型支架的开口两端分别与所述第一U型支架的底部的相对两侧固定连接。所述第三导向件137穿过所述第二U型支架与所述第一U型支架共同构成的封闭结构。
需要说明的是,第三导向件137也可以省略,只需要第三承载件133的平移稳定性满足需求即可,例如,在其中一个实施例中,第三驱动件131为直线电机,直线电机的初级与第三承载件133固定连接,以带动第三承载件133同步移动。
在另外一个实施例中,第三驱动件131为无杆气缸,无杆气缸的活塞与第三承载件133固定连接,以带动第三承载件133同步移动。第三承载件133的具体结构可以根据不同需求来设计,例如,在图示的实施例中,第三承载件133为承载板,并且承载板设有镂空部。通过在承载板上开设镂空部,以减轻承载板的重量,同时可避免大幅度降低承载板的结构强度。
进一步的,第三平移机构130还包括第三限位开关138a,第三限位开关138a沿第三轴方向设置,用于感应第三承载件133的移动位置。具体在图示的实施例中,第三平移机构130还包括限位开关承载板138b,限位开关承载板138b的两端分别与两个导向件安装支架136a固定连接,第三限位开关138a安装在该限位开关承载板138b上。
进一步的,第三限位开关138a可以为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关、感应式限位开关等等。
进一步的,第三平移机构130还包括两个电池支架139,用于支撑无人机200的电池201。具体地,两个电池支架139安装在远离所述第三驱动件131的导向件安装支架136a上,并且相对间隔设置。
抓取机构140安装在第三承载件133上,用于抓取电池201。抓取机构140在三维笛卡尔坐标系上的坐标位置分别通过第一驱动件111、第二驱动件121及第三驱动件131调节。
需要说明的是,第一平移机构110、第二平移机构120、第三平移机构130之间的位置关系可以根据不同需求来设置,不限于图示的实施例中的方式,也可以为其他方式。
例如,请一并参阅图9,在其中一个实施例中,抓取机构140设于第三平移机构130上,第三平移机构130设于第二平移机构120上,第二平移机构120设于第一平移机构110上,第一平移机构110设于承载基底100a上。其中,第二平移机构120与第一平移机构110平行于承载基底100a移动,第三平移机构130朝向远离或靠近承载基底100a的方向移动。
在另一个实施例中,抓取机构140设于第三平移机构130上,第三平移机构130设于第二平移机构120上,第二平移机构120设于第一平移机构110上,第一平移机构110设于承载基底100a上。其中,第三平移机构130与第二平移机构120平行于承载基底100a移动,第一平移机构110朝向远离或靠近承载基底100a的方向移动。
抓取机构140为真空吸盘抓取机构、磁铁抓取机构或机械夹爪抓取机构。真空吸盘抓取机构,即通过真空吸盘去吸取无人机200的电池201,当抓取无人机200的电池201时,与真空吸盘连通的气缸开始工作,而使真空吸盘抽真空,当放下无人机200的电池201时,与真空吸盘连通的气缸停止工作,使真空吸盘充气。磁铁抓取机构,即通过电磁铁去吸引无人机200的电池201上的铁质件,当磁铁抓取机构抓取无人机200的电池201时,电磁铁通电,当磁铁抓取机构放下无人机200的电池201时,电磁铁断电。机械夹爪抓取机构,即通过类似手指等结构来夹取无人机200的电池201。
电池仓100c的具体结构可以根据不同需要来设计。例如,如图10所示,具体在图示的实施例中,电池仓100c包括多个电池容置腔102,多个电池容置腔102以矩阵式排布,每个电池容置腔102均具有一个收纳口(图未标),并且收纳口朝向电池更换装置100b所在的一侧设置。
进一步的,每个电池容置腔102设有用于给电池201充电的充电装置,当电池201放入到电池容置腔102内,充电装置能够给电池201充电。
进一步的,充电装置可以为非接触式充电装置,也可以为接触式充电装置。例如,在图示的实施例中,充电装置可以为接触式充电装置,接触式充电装置包括设于每个电池容置腔102的收纳口的内壁上的充电触点103,电池201设有用于与充电触点103电接触对应的充电电极(图未标)。
在其他实施例中,充电装置可以为非接触式充电装置,非接触式充电装置包括电磁感应电路、磁共振感应电路和微波感应电路中的一种。
进一步的,每个电池容置腔102的收纳口的内壁上设有卡合结构104,卡合结构104与电池201相卡持,以将电池201定位在电池容置腔102内。
进一步的,卡合结构104可以为弹性卡扣、电动锁扣、电磁锁扣等等。弹性卡扣,即通过一个弹性卡扣与电池201的外壁卡持,当施加一外力给电池201,电池201抵接弹性卡扣而使该弹性卡扣发生弹性形变,从而将电池201从电池仓100c的电池容置腔102内抽出或插入。电动锁扣,即通过开关电路控制一个电动卡扣与电池201的外壁相卡持,当需要抓取电池201,则开关电路给电动卡扣通电,使电动卡扣夹紧电池201;当需要放下电池201,则开关电路断开电动开口的通电,使电动卡扣松开电池201。电磁锁扣,即通过电磁铁吸引电池201上的铁质件而定位电池201,当需要从电池仓100c的电池容置腔102内取出电池201时,则断开电磁铁上的通电。
相较于传统技术,上述无人机基站100至少存在如下优点:
(1)上述无人机基站100的电池更换装置100b采用三个平移机构,并且该三个平移机构构成笛卡尔坐标系,通过该三个平移机构带动抓取机构140,使抓取机构140较为方便地将无人机200的电池放入电池仓100c内,或者从电池仓100c内取出,无需采用占用空间较大的旋转式电池仓100c;并且,当电池更换装置100b完成电池201更换操作,或不工作的时候,通过三个平移机构的平移而移动到无人机基站100的内部空间的边缘,并且收缩在一起,以节省无人机基站100的内部空间。因此,上述无人机基站100的电池更换装置100b的结构较为紧凑,占用空间较小,便于无人机基站100的小型化设计。
(2)上述无人机基站100的电池更换装置100b采用三个平移机构,并且该三个平移机构构成笛卡尔坐标系,可以直接将无人机200的电池201的插入电池仓100c内,而无需采用额外的驱动结构调节电池201的摆放方向,因此,上述无人机基站100的电池更换装置100b结构较为简单,成本较低。
(3)上述无人机基站100的电池更换装置100b采用三个独立的驱动件,分别驱动三个承载件,其中两个承载件用于承载两个平移机构,另外一个用于承载抓取机构140,三个承载件可以分别独立平移,使得抓取机构140移动时稳定性、灵活性均较好。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (86)

  1. 一种无人机基站的电池更换装置,用于更换无人机的电池,其特征在于,所述电池更换装置包括:
    用于抓取所述电池的抓取机构;
    用于带动所述抓取机构在第一轴方向平移的第一平移机构;
    用于带动所述抓取机构在第二轴方向平移的第二平移机构;以及
    用于带动所述抓取机构在第三轴方向平移的第三平移机构;
    其中,所述第一轴方向、所述第二轴方向、以及所述第三轴方向构成三维笛卡尔坐标系;所述抓取机构在所述三维笛卡尔坐标系内的坐标位置通过所述第一平移机构、所述第二平移机构以及所述第三平移机构调节。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第一平移机构、所述第二平移机构以及所述第三平移机构依次移动;
    或者,所述第一平移机构、所述第二平移机构以及所述第三平移机构中的至少两个同时移动。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述三维笛卡尔坐标系为直角坐标系或斜角坐标系。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第一平移机构为旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第二平移机构为旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三平移机构为旋转电机平移驱动机构、皮带平移机构、气缸平移驱动机构或直线电机平移驱动机构。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述抓取机构为真空吸盘抓取机构、磁铁抓取机构或机械夹爪抓取机构。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述抓取机构设于所述第三平移机构上,所述第三平移机构设于所述第二平移机构上,所述第二平移机构设于所述第一平移机构上,所述第一平移机构设于承载基底上;
    其中,所述第三平移机构与所述第一平移机构平行于所述承载基底移动,所述第二平移机构朝向远离或靠近所述承载基底的方向移动。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述抓取机构设于所述第三平移机构上,所述第三平移机构设于所述第二平移机构上,所述第二平移机构设于所述第一平移机构上,所述第一平移机构设于承载基底上;
    其中,所述第二平移机构与所述第一平移机构平行于所述承载基底移动,所述第三平移机构朝向远离或靠近所述承载基底的方向移动。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述抓取机构设于所述第三平移机构上,所述第三平移机构设于所述第二平移机构上,所述第二平移机构设于所述第一平移机构上,所述第一平移机构设于承载基底上;
    其中,所述第三平移机构与所述第二平移机构平行于所述承载基底移动,所述第一平移机构朝向远离或靠近所述承载基底的方向移动。
  11. 一种无人机基站的电池更换装置,用于更换无人机的电池,其特征在于,所述电池更换装置包括:
    第一平移机构,包括第一驱动件、以及第一承载件,所述第一驱动件能够驱动所述第一承载件沿所述第一轴方向移动;
    安装在所述第一承载件上的第二平移机构,所述第二平移机构包括第二驱动件、以及第二承载件,所述第二驱动件能够驱动所述第二承载件沿第二轴方向移动;
    安装在所述第二承载件上的第三平移机构,所述第三平移机构包括第三驱动件、以及第三承载件,所述第三驱动件能够驱动所述第三承载件沿第三轴方向移动;以及
    安装在所述第三承载件上、且用于抓取所述电池的抓取机构;
    其中,所述第一轴方向、所述第二轴方向、以及所述第三轴方向构成三维笛卡尔坐标系;所述抓取机构在所述三维笛卡尔坐标系上的坐标位置分别通过所述第一驱动件、所述第二驱动件及所述第三驱动件调节。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第一平移机构还包括第一导向件,所述第一导向件平行于所述第一轴方向设置,所述第一承载件上设有与所述第一导向件相配合的第一配合部,使所述第一承载件沿所述第一导向件可滑动。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第一导向件为平行于所述第一轴方向设置的导轨,所述第一配合部为固定在所述第一承载件的底部上的滑块,所述滑块设有与所述导轨形状相配合的滑槽;
    或者,所述第一导向件为平行于所述第一轴方向设置的导向杆,所述第一配合部为设于所述第一承载件上的导向孔,所述导向杆穿过所述导向孔,并且在所述导向孔内可自由滑动。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第一驱动件为旋转电机,所述第一平移机构还包括第一丝杆及套设在所述第一丝杆上的第一丝母,所述第一驱动件的驱动轴与所述第一丝杆的一端共轴固定连接,所述第一丝母与所述第一承载件固定连接;
    其中,所述第一驱动件驱动所述第一丝杆旋转,所述第一丝杆与所述第一丝母螺纹配合而带动所述第一丝母移动,所述第一丝母带动所述第一承载件平移。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第一平移机构还包括一个丝杆支座以及两个电机支架;
    所述丝杆支座上设有轴承,所述第一丝杆远离所述第一驱动件的一端穿设所述丝杆支座上的所述轴承;
    所述两个电机支架固定在承载基底上,并且相对间隔设置;所述第一驱动件的相对两侧分别设有一个安装凸耳,两个所述安装凸耳分别与所述两个电机支架固定连接,以将所述第一驱动件固定在所述承载基底上;
    所述第一丝母固定在所述第一承载件上。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第一导向件为两个,两个所述第一导向件分别位于所述第一丝杆的两侧,并且平行于所述第一丝杆设置。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第一驱动件为有杆气缸,所述有杆气缸的伸缩杆与所述第一承载件固定连接,以驱动所述第一承载件移动。
  18. 根据权利要求11所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第一驱动件为直线电机,所述直线电机的初级与所述第一承载件固定连接,以带动所述第一承载件同步移动;
    或者,所述第一驱动件为无杆气缸,所述无杆气缸的活塞与所述第一承载件固定连接,以带动所述第一承载件同步移动。
  19. 根据权利要求11~18任一项所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第一承载件为承载板,并且所述承载板设有镂空部。
  20. 根据权利要求11~18任一项所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第一平移机构还包括第一限位开关,所述第一限位开关沿所述第一轴方向设置,用于感应所述第一承载件的移动位置。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第一限位开关为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关或感应式限位开关。
  22. 根据权利要求11所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第二平移机构还包括第二导向件,所述第二导向件平行于所述第二轴方向设置,所述第二承载件上设有与所述第二导向件相配合的第二配合部,使所述第二承载件沿所述第二导向件可滑动。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第二导向件为平行于所述第二轴方向设置的导轨,所述第二配合部为固定在所述第二承载件的底部上的滑块,所述滑块设有与所述导轨形状相配合的滑槽;
    或者,所述第二导向件为平行于所述第二轴方向设置的导向杆,所述第二配合部为设于所述第二承载件上的导向孔,所述导向杆穿过所述导向孔,并且在所述导向孔内可自由滑动。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第二驱动件为旋转电机,所述第二平移机构还包括第二丝杆及套设在所述第二丝杆上的第二丝母,所述第二驱动件的驱动轴与所述第二丝杆的一端共轴固定连接,所述第二丝母与所述第二承载件固定连接;
    其中,所述第二驱动件驱动所述第二丝杆旋转,所述第二丝杆与所述第二丝母螺纹配合而带动所述第二丝母移动,所述第二丝母带动所述第二承载件平移。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第二平移机构还包括电机安装板,所述第二驱动件固定在所述电机安装板上,所述电机安装板通过螺纹紧固件固定在所述第一承载件上;所述第二丝母固定在所述第二承载件上。
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第二导向件为两个,所述两个第二导向件分别位于所述第二丝杆的两侧,并且平行于所述第二丝杆设置。
  27. 根据权利要求22所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第二驱动件为有杆气缸,所述有杆气缸的伸缩杆与所述第二承载件固定连接,以驱动所述第二承载件移动。
  28. 根据权利要求11所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第二驱动件为直线电机,所述直线电机的初级与所述第二承载件固定连接,以带动所述第二承载件同步移动;
    或者,所述第二驱动件为无杆气缸,所述无杆气缸的活塞与所述第二承载件固定连接,以带动所述第二承载件同步移动。
  29. 根据权利要求22~28任一项所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第二承载件为承载板,并且所述承载板设有镂空部。
  30. 根据权利要求22~28任一项所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第二平移机构还包括第二限位开关,所述第二限位开关沿所述第二轴方向设置,用于感应所述第二承载件的移动位置。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第二平移机构还包括限位开关安装板,所述限位开关安装板与所述第二导向件固定连接,所述第二限位开关安装在所述限位开关安装板上。
  32. 根据权利要求30所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第二限位开关为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关或感应式限位开关。
  33. 根据权利要求11所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三平移机构还包括第三导向件,所述第三导向件平行于所述第三轴方向设置,所述第三承载件上设有与所述第三导向件相配合的第三配合部,使所述第三承载件沿所述第三导向件可滑动。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三导向件为平行于所述第三轴方向设置的导轨,所述第三配合部为固定在所述第三承载件的底部上的滑块,所述滑块设有与所述导轨形状相配合的滑槽;
    或者,所述第三导向件为平行于所述第三轴方向设置的导向杆,所述第三配合部为设于所述第三承载件上的导向孔,所述导向杆穿过所述导向孔,并且在所述导向孔内可自由滑动。
  35. 根据权利要求33所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三驱动件为旋转电机,所述第三平移机构还包括第三丝杆及套设在所述第三丝杆上的第三丝母,所述第三驱动件的驱动轴与所述第三丝杆的一端共轴固定连接,所述第三丝母与所述第三承载件固定连接;
    其中,所述第三驱动件驱动所述第三丝杆旋转,所述第三丝杆与所述第三丝母螺纹配合而带动所述第三丝母移动,所述第三丝母带动所述第三承载件平移。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三平移机构还包括两个导向件安装支架,两个所述导向件安装支架固定在所述第二承载件上,并且相对间隔设置;
    所述第三驱动件安装在其中一个所述导向件安装支架上,另外一个所述导向件安装支架上设有轴承,所述第三丝杆远离所述第三驱动件的一端穿设另外一个所述导向件安装支架上的所述轴承;
    所述第三导向件的两端分别固定在两个所述导向件安装支架上;
    所述第三丝母固定在所述第三承载件上。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三平移机构还包括两个电池支架,用于支撑无人机的电池;所述两个电池支架安装在其中一个远离所述第三驱动件的所述导向件安装支架上,并且相对间隔设置。
  38. 根据权利要求35所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三导向件为一个,所述第三导向件与所述第三丝杆相对设置,并且平行于所述第三丝杆。
  39. 根据权利要求33所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三驱动件为有杆气缸,所述有杆气缸的伸缩杆与所述第三承载件固定连接,以驱动所述第三承载件移动。
  40. 根据权利要求11所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三驱动件为直线电机,所述直线电机的初级与所述第三承载件固定连接,以带动所述第三承载件同步移动;
    或者,所述第三驱动件为无杆气缸,所述无杆气缸的活塞与所述第三承载件固定连接,以带动所述第三承载件同步移动。
  41. 根据权利要求33~40任一项所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三承载件为承载板,并且所述承载板设有镂空部。
  42. 根据权利要求33~40任一项所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三平移机构还包括第三限位开关,所述第三限位开关沿所述第三轴方向设置,用于感应所述第三承载件的移动位置。
  43. 根据权利要求36所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三平移机构还包括第三限位开关、以及限位开关承载板,所述限位开关承载板的两端分别与两个所述导向件安装支架固定连接,所述第三限位开关安装在所述限位开关承载板上。
  44. 根据权利要求42或43所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述第三限位开关为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关或感应式限位开关。
  45. 根据权利要求11所述的无人机基站的电池更换装置,其特征在于,所述抓取机构为真空吸盘抓取机构、磁铁抓取机构或机械夹爪抓取机构。
  46. 一种无人机基站,其特征在于,包括:
    承载基底;
    电池更换装置,用于更换无人机的电池,所述电池更换装置包括第一平移机构、第二平移机构、第三平移机构以及抓取机构;
    所述第一平移机构安装在所述承载基底上,所述第一平移机构包括第一驱动件、以及第一承载件,所述第一驱动件能够驱动所述第一承载件沿所述第一轴方向移动;
    所述安装在所述第一承载件上的第二平移机构,所述第二平移机构包括第二驱动件、以及第二承载件,所述第二驱动件能够驱动所述第二承载件沿第二轴方向移动;
    所述安装在所述第二承载件上的第三平移机构,所述第三平移机构包括第三驱动件、以及第三承载件,所述第三驱动件能够驱动所述第三承载件沿第三轴方向移动;所述第一轴方向、所述第二轴方向、以及所述第三轴方向构成三维笛卡尔坐标系;
    所述安装在所述第三承载件上、且用于抓取所述电池的抓取机构;所述抓取机构在所述三维笛卡尔坐标系上的坐标位置分别通过所述第一驱动件、所述第二驱动件及所述第三驱动件调节;
    安装在所述承载基底上的电池仓,所述电池仓用于收纳所述电池,并且给所述电池充电;
    其中,通过所述电池更换装置抓取所述电池,并能够将所述电池从所述电池仓内取出,或放入所述电池仓内。
  47. 根据权利要求46所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第一平移机构还包括第一导向件,所述第一导向件平行于所述第一轴方向设置,所述第一承载件上设有与所述第一导向件相配合的第一配合部,使所述第一承载件沿所述第一导向件可滑动。
  48. 根据权利要求47所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第一导向件为平行于所述第一轴方向设置的导轨,所述第一配合部为固定在所述第一承载件的底部上的滑块,所述滑块设有与所述导轨形状相配合的滑槽;
    或者,所述第一导向件为平行于所述第一轴方向设置的导向杆,所述第一配合部为设于所述第一承载件上的导向孔,所述导向杆穿过所述导向孔,并且在所述导向孔内可自由滑动。
  49. 根据权利要求47所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第一驱动件为旋转电机,所述第一平移机构还包括第一丝杆及套设在所述第一丝杆上的第一丝母,所述第一驱动件的驱动轴与所述第一丝杆的一端共轴固定连接,所述第一丝母与所述第一承载件固定连接;
    其中,所述第一驱动件驱动所述第一丝杆旋转,所述第一丝杆与所述第一丝母螺纹配合而带动所述第一丝母移动,所述第一丝母带动所述第一承载件平移。
  50. 根据权利要求49所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第一平移机构还包括一个丝杆支座以及两个电机支架;
    所述丝杆支座上设有轴承,所述第一丝杆远离所述第一驱动件的一端穿设所述丝杆支座上的所述轴承;
    所述两个电机支架固定在承载基底上,并且相对间隔设置;所述第一驱动件的相对两侧分别设有一个安装凸耳,两个所述安装凸耳分别与所述两个电机支架固定连接,以将所述第一驱动件固定在所述承载基底上;
    所述第一丝母固定在所述第一承载件上。
  51. 根据权利要求49所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第一导向件为两个,所述两个第一导向件分别位于所述第一丝杆的两侧,并且平行于所述第一丝杆设置。
  52. 根据权利要求47所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第一驱动件为有杆气缸,所述有杆气缸的伸缩杆与所述第一承载件固定连接,以驱动所述第一承载件移动。
  53. 根据权利要求46所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第一驱动件为直线电机,所述直线电机的初级与所述第一承载件固定连接,以带动所述第一承载件同步移动;
    或者,所述第一驱动件为无杆气缸,所述无杆气缸的活塞与所述第一承载件固定连接,以带动所述第一承载件同步移动。
  54. 根据权利要求46~53任一项所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第一承载件为承载板,并且所述承载板设有镂空部。
  55. 根据权利要求46~53任一项所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第一平移机构还包括第一限位开关,所述第一限位开关沿所述第一轴方向设置,用于感应所述第一承载件的移动位置。
  56. 根据权利要求55所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第一限位开关为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关或感应式限位开关。
  57. 根据权利要求46所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第二平移机构还包括第二导向件,所述第二导向件平行于所述第二轴方向设置,所述第二承载件上设有与所述第二导向件相配合的第二配合部,使所述第二承载件沿所述第二导向件可滑动。
  58. 根据权利要求57所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第二导向件为平行于所述第二轴方向设置的导轨,所述第二配合部为固定在所述第二承载件的底部上的滑块,所述滑块设有与所述导轨形状相配合的滑槽;
    或者,所述第二导向件为平行于所述第二轴方向设置的导向杆,所述第二配合部为设于所述第二承载件上的导向孔,所述导向杆穿过所述导向孔,并且在所述导向孔内可自由滑动。
  59. 根据权利要求57所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第二驱动件为旋转电机,所述第二平移机构还包括第二丝杆及套设在所述第二丝杆上的第二丝母,所述第二驱动件的驱动轴与所述第二丝杆的一端共轴固定连接,所述第二丝母与所述第二承载件固定连接;
    其中,所述第二驱动件驱动所述第二丝杆旋转,所述第二丝杆与所述第二丝母螺纹配合而带动所述第二丝母移动,所述第二丝母带动所述第二承载件平移。
  60. 根据权利要求59所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第二平移机构还包括电机安装板,所述第二驱动件固定在所述电机安装板上,所述电机安装板通过螺纹紧固件固定在所述第一承载件上;所述第二丝母固定在所述第二承载件上。
  61. 根据权利要求59所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第二导向件为两个,所述两个第二导向件分别位于所述第二丝杆的两侧,并且平行于所述第二丝杆设置。
  62. 根据权利要求57所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第二驱动件为有杆气缸,所述有杆气缸的伸缩杆与所述第二承载件固定连接,以驱动所述第二承载件移动。
  63. 根据权利要求46所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第二驱动件为直线电机,所述直线电机的初级与所述第二承载件固定连接,以带动所述第二承载件同步移动;
    或者,所述第二驱动件为无杆气缸,所述无杆气缸的活塞与所述第二承载件固定连接,以带动所述第二承载件同步移动。
  64. 根据权利要求57~63任一项所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第二承载件为承载板,并且所述承载板设有镂空部。
  65. 根据权利要求57~63任一项所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第二平移机构还包括第二限位开关,所述第二限位开关沿所述第二轴方向设置,用于感应所述第二承载件的移动位置。
  66. 根据权利要求65所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第二平移机构还包括限位开关安装板,所述限位开关安装板与所述第二导向件固定连接,所述第二限位开关安装在所述限位开关安装板上。
  67. 根据权利要求65所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第二限位开关为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关或感应式限位开关。
  68. 根据权利要求46所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第三平移机构还包括第三导向件,所述第三导向件平行于所述第三轴方向设置,所述第三承载件上设有与所述第三导向件相配合的第三配合部,使所述第三承载件沿所述第三导向件可滑动。
  69. 根据权利要求68所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第三导向件为平行于所述第三轴方向设置的导轨,所述第三配合部为固定在所述第三承载件的底部上的滑块,所述滑块设有与所述导轨形状相配合的滑槽;
    或者,所述第三导向件为平行于所述第三轴方向设置的导向杆,所述第三配合部为设于所述第三承载件上的导向孔,所述导向杆穿过所述导向孔,并且在所述导向孔内可自由滑动。
  70. 根据权利要求68所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第三驱动件为旋转电机,所述第三平移机构还包括第三丝杆及套设在所述第三丝杆上的第三丝母,所述第三驱动件的驱动轴与所述第三丝杆的一端共轴固定连接,所述第三丝母与所述第三承载件固定连接;
    其中,所述第三驱动件驱动所述第三丝杆旋转,所述第三丝杆与所述第三丝母螺纹配合而带动所述第三丝母移动,所述第三丝母带动所述第三承载件平移。
  71. 根据权利要求70所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第三平移机构还包括两个导向件安装支架,两个所述导向件安装支架固定在所述第二承载件上,并且相对间隔设置;
    所述第三驱动件安装在其中一个所述导向件安装支架上,另外一个所述第三导向件安装支架上设有轴承,所述第三丝杆远离所述第三驱动件的一端穿设另外一个所述导向件安装支架上的所述轴承;
    所述第三导向件的两端分别固定在两个所述导向件安装支架上;
    所述第三丝母固定在所述第三承载件上。
  72. 根据权利要求71所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第三平移机构还包括两个电池支架,用于支撑无人机的电池;所述两个电池支架安装在其中一个远离所述第三驱动件的所述导向件安装支架上,并且相对间隔设置。
  73. 根据权利要求70所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第三导向件为一个,所述第三导向件与所述第三丝杆相对设置,并且平行于所述第三丝杆。
  74. 根据权利要求68所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第三驱动件为有杆气缸,所述有杆气缸的伸缩杆与所述第三承载件固定连接,以驱动所述第三承载件移动。
  75. 根据权利要求46所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第三驱动件为直线电机,所述直线电机的初级与所述第三承载件固定连接,以带动所述第三承载件同步移动;
    或者,所述第三驱动件为无杆气缸,所述无杆气缸的活塞与所述第三承载件固定连接,以带动所述第三承载件同步移动。
  76. 根据权利要求68~75任一项所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第三承载件为承载板,并且所述承载板设有镂空部。
  77. 根据权利要求68~75任一项所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第三平移机构还包括第三限位开关,所述第三限位开关沿所述第三轴方向设置,用于感应所述第三承载件的移动位置。
  78. 根据权利要求71所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第三平移机构还包括第三限位开关、以及限位开关承载板,所述限位开关承载板的两端分别与两个所述导向件安装支架固定连接,所述第三限位开关安装在所述限位开关承载板上。
  79. 根据权利要求77或78所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述第三限位开关为光电式限位开关、干簧管式限位开关或感应式限位开关。
  80. 根据权利要求46所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述抓取机构为真空吸盘抓取机构、磁铁抓取机构或机械夹爪抓取机构。
  81. 根据权利要求46所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述电池仓包括多个电池容置腔,所述多个电池容置腔以矩阵式排布,每个所述电池容置腔均具有一个收纳口,并且所述收纳口朝向所述电池更换装置所在的一侧设置。
  82. 根据权利要求81所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,每个所述电池容置腔设有用于给所述电池充电的充电装置,当所述电池放入到所述电池容置腔内,所述充电装置能够给所述电池充电。
  83. 根据权利要求82所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述充电装置为非接触式充电装置,所述非接触式充电装置包括电磁感应电路、磁共振感应电路和微波感应电路中的一种。
  84. 根据权利要求82所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述充电装置为接触式充电装置,所述接触式充电装置包括设于每个所述电池容置腔的所述收纳口的内壁上的充电触点,所述电池设有用于与所述充电触点电接触对应的充电电极。
  85. 根据权利要求81所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,每个所述电池容置腔的所述收纳口的内壁上设有卡合结构,所述卡合结构与所述电池相卡持,以将所述电池定位在所述电池容置腔内。
  86. 根据权利要求85所述的无人机基站,其特征在于,所述卡合结构为弹性卡扣、电动锁扣或电磁锁扣。
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CN115071993B (zh) * 2022-08-01 2023-08-01 江苏阳铭互联智能系统有限公司 无人机自动换电基站的夹持装置

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