WO2016011947A1 - 海关在途监管系统和方法 - Google Patents

海关在途监管系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016011947A1
WO2016011947A1 PCT/CN2015/084796 CN2015084796W WO2016011947A1 WO 2016011947 A1 WO2016011947 A1 WO 2016011947A1 CN 2015084796 W CN2015084796 W CN 2015084796W WO 2016011947 A1 WO2016011947 A1 WO 2016011947A1
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Prior art keywords
information
supervision
transit
subsystem
port
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PCT/CN2015/084796
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈志强
李元景
吴相豪
刘利民
戴俊娣
Original Assignee
清华大学
同方威视技术股份有限公司
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Application filed by 清华大学, 同方威视技术股份有限公司 filed Critical 清华大学
Priority to KR1020167030165A priority Critical patent/KR20170038757A/ko
Priority to MX2016013739A priority patent/MX2016013739A/es
Publication of WO2016011947A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016011947A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • G06Q10/083—Shipping
    • G06Q10/0831—Overseas transactions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • G06Q10/083—Shipping
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • G06Q10/083—Shipping
    • G06Q10/0833—Tracking

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of in-transit supervision, and in particular to a customs in-transit supervision system and method.
  • the customs mainly adopts the electronic seal of “seal” at the customs office of the place of departure, “checks” the electronic lock at the destination customs, and introduces a global positioning system (GPS) positioning method to monitor the supervised vehicles.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • on-the-road supervision based on electronic lockout cannot fully guarantee the safety of regulated goods. GPS-based positioning may impair safety and confidentiality, and implementation of non-differentiated supervision is not targeted, increases monitoring costs and has low regulatory efficiency.
  • An example embodiment of the present disclosure provides a customs in-transit supervision system, including:
  • the customs clearance subsystem of the port collects and processes the information of the supervision object at the port;
  • the risk management subsystem determines the on-the-spot supervision mode for the supervision object according to the risk level of the supervision object;
  • the in-transit supervision device supervises the supervised object in transit according to the in-transit supervision mode
  • the central supervision subsystem exchanges information with the port customs clearance subsystem, the risk management subsystem and the in-transit supervision device, and sends it to control the port clearance subsystem and risk management subsystem.
  • System and in-process supervision of the device instructions are provided.
  • the port clearance subsystem includes:
  • the collection module of the departure place collects the pre-shipment information of the supervised object at the port of departure.
  • a destination collection module that collects post-transport information of the supervised object at the destination port
  • the comparison module compares the pre-shipment information with the post-transport information and obtains the following comparison results: if the pre-shipment information and the post-transport information are consistent, no violation occurs on the way, and if the pre-shipment information and the post-transport information are inconsistent, then on the way A violation occurred.
  • the risk management subsystem includes:
  • An element definition module that defines what information of the supervised object is used as an element of risk analysis
  • a rule definition module that defines rules for risk analysis
  • Randomly controlling the definition module using a random algorithm to randomly sample the information of the supervised object
  • the risk execution module analyzes the risk level of the supervised object according to the defined elements, rules, and information of the supervised object obtained by sampling, and determines a supervision manner for the supervised object according to the risk level.
  • the in-transit monitoring device includes:
  • the in-transit collection module collects in-transit information of the supervised object
  • the in-transit communication module transmits the collected in-transit information to the central supervision subsystem and receives an instruction for specifying the operation mode from the central supervision subsystem;
  • the in-transit control module sets an operation mode of the in-transit supervisory device according to the received command.
  • the in-transit acquisition module collects at least one of position information, lock information, status information, and alarm information according to the set operation mode, and
  • the in-transit communication module sends the collected in-transit information to the central supervision subsystem according to the set operation mode.
  • the central supervisory subsystem analyzes the in-transit information of the supervisory object from the in-transit supervisory device and dynamically adjusts the mode of operation of the in-transit supervisory device based on the analysis result by interacting with the information of the in-transit supervisory device.
  • the indicator object is provided on the supervision object, and the port clearance subsystem adopts The information of the marker is collected and processed, and the state of the marker is supervised by the supervisory device.
  • the information and/or status of the marker is used as additional supervision object information, and further according to whether the information of the marker is consistent before and after transportation, and/or whether abnormality occurs during transportation according to the state of the marker, and whether a violation occurs on the way. .
  • An example embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for customs in-transit supervision, including:
  • An example embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a port clearance system, including:
  • the collection module of the departure place collects the pre-shipment information of the supervised object at the port of departure.
  • a destination collection module that collects post-transport information of the supervised object at the destination port
  • the comparison module compares the pre-shipment information with the post-transport information and obtains the following comparison results: if the pre-shipment information and the post-transport information are consistent, no violation occurs on the way, and if the pre-shipment information and the post-transport information are inconsistent, then on the way A violation occurred.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural block diagram of a customs in-transit supervision system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic flow of a customs in transit supervision method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of one specific example of a customs in transit supervision method in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic block diagram showing subsystems in a customs in-transit supervision system, respectively, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing module interaction in a system start-up phase in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 7;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing the interaction of the system end point comparison stage modules in the exemplary embodiment of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a transit transit supervision process applicable to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the X-ray scan image and physical information (length, width, height, weight) of the supervised object are collected at the origin, and the X-ray scan image and physical information (length, width, height; weight of the supervised object are collected again at the destination; And so on, and compare it with the information collected at the origin, to determine whether there is a difference between the two, when the difference exceeds the set threshold, it is judged that the illegal behavior occurred.
  • in-transit supervision is supervised by the illegal behavior on the way, expanding into the supervision starting point for the snapshot and measurement of the supervision object, and the supervision end point again takes the snapshot and measurement of the supervision object, and compares the difference between the two points, that is, the two ends control, the pole It has greatly extended the definition of traditional in-transit supervision, and the combination of dynamic and static supervision has made the theory of in-transit supervision more comprehensive and perfect.
  • the current on-going surveillance system uses GPS for positioning.
  • the in-transit supervisory device of an example embodiment of the present disclosure may use other navigation systems, such as a BeiDou satellite navigation system or other satellite navigation system.
  • the current on-going supervision system implements the same management for all supervised vehicles, and does not implement differentiated management of the monitored vehicles according to other attributes of the vehicle, resulting in less targeted supervision, thereby increasing monitoring costs and low regulatory efficiency.
  • the in-transit supervision of the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure introduces a risk management mechanism, and determines a targeted in-transit supervision manner according to the attributes of the supervision object or the like.
  • the means of supervision in transit is not flexible.
  • the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure dynamically set an operation mode of the on-going supervisory device by interacting with information of the supervisory center according to risk management, supervision target status, and the like.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural block diagram of a customs in-transit supervision system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the customs in-transit supervision system may include a presence supervision device 10, a port clearance subsystem 20, a central supervision subsystem 30, and a risk management subsystem 40.
  • the port clearance subsystem 20 can collect and process information on the subject of supervision at the port.
  • the port clearance subsystem 20 can be deployed at various ports, such as the origin and destination ports. Risk management
  • the system 40 can determine the way in which the supervision object is in transit according to the risk level of the regulatory object. This will be described in detail below.
  • the in-transit supervision device 10 can supervise the supervised object in transit according to the on-the-go supervision mode.
  • the in-transit monitoring device 10 can be deployed on the regulatory object to supervise its transportation status in real time.
  • the central supervision subsystem 30 can be deployed at the headquarters, interacts with the port clearance subsystem 20, the risk management subsystem 40, and the in-transit supervisory device 10, and sends instructions for controlling the various subsystems and devices.
  • the subject of supervision may include a variety of objects on the entrance and exit, such as vehicles, boats and their loaded goods.
  • the regulatory object is sometimes simply referred to as a vehicle or a cargo, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
  • Customs in-transit supervision systems in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure may have a variety of architectural forms, particularly for deployment of risk management subsystem 40, and Figures 2-4 illustrate a variety of different deployments.
  • the in-transit supervisory device 10 is not shown, but the relationship between the in-transit supervisory device 10 and other subsystems will be readily understood with reference to FIG.
  • the number of ports and deployed port clearance subsystems shown in FIGS. 2-4 is three, which is merely an example, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the number may be less or more.
  • the central supervision subsystem 30 is deployed at the headquarters, and provides a corresponding port clearance subsystem 20 and a risk management subsystem 40 for each port.
  • the two subsystems can directly exchange information, and the port clearance subsystem 20 can
  • the central supervision subsystem 30 performs information interaction, and the risk management subsystem 40 can perform information interaction with the central supervision subsystem 30 via the port clearance subsystem 20.
  • This type of deployment allows each port to have a private risk management subsystem.
  • Each port clearance subsystem can send the collected supervision object information to its private risk management subsystem, and can directly obtain the risk from the corresponding private risk management subsystem. Information for evaluation.
  • each port is provided with a corresponding port clearance subsystem 20, and the risk management subsystem 40 and the central supervision subsystem 30 are deployed at the headquarters, each port clearance subsystem 20 and the risk management subsystem 40 and the center.
  • the supervision subsystem 30 can directly perform information interaction.
  • the deployment mode enables the central supervision subsystem 30 and the risk management subsystem 40 to simultaneously serve the port clearance subsystem 20, and the collection information and the acquisition of risk information between the port clearance subsystem 20 and the risk management subsystem 40 are not dependent on the central supervision. Subsystem 30.
  • a corresponding port clearance subsystem 20 is provided for each port, and the risk management subsystem 40 and the central supervision subsystem 30 are deployed at the headquarters, and each port clearance subsystem 20 is connected to the risk via the central supervision subsystem 30.
  • Management subsystem 40 performs information interaction.
  • the deployment mode makes the central supervision subsystem 30 a hub, and the port clearance subsystem 20 and the risk management subsystem 40 transmit the collection information and obtain the risk information via the central supervision subsystem 30.
  • the port clearance subsystem 20 may include: a departure collection module that collects pre-shipment information of the supervised object at the departure port; and a destination collection module that collects post-transport information of the supervised object at the destination port;
  • the comparison module compares the pre-shipment information and the post-transport information. If the pre-shipment information and the post-transport information are consistent, it is judged that there is no violation on the way. If the pre-shipment information and the post-transport information are inconsistent, the violation is judged on the way.
  • an X-ray scan image, physical information, and the like of the supervised object may be collected at the origin, and an X-ray scan image, physical information, and the like of the supervised object may be collected again at the destination, and compared with the information collected at the origin. Judging whether there is a difference between the two, when the difference exceeds the set threshold, it is judged that the two are inconsistent and an illegal act has occurred. By comparing the difference between the two points and the two points, an additional two-hand control in addition to the supervision during transportation is provided, which provides the reliability of supervision in transit.
  • Each module in the port clearance subsystem 20 can be implemented in various forms, for example, the acquisition module and the destination acquisition module can use computerized tomography (CT) imaging equipment, radiation imaging equipment, scanners, cameras, sensors and other data acquisition devices.
  • CT computerized tomography
  • the comparison module can be implemented by using an electronic device with data processing capabilities.
  • the port clearance subsystem 20 may also include a communication module for information interaction with other subsystems.
  • the risk management subsystem 40 may include an element definition module that defines which information of the supervision object is used as an element of risk analysis, a rule definition module that defines a rule for risk analysis, a random deployment definition module, and a random algorithm pair
  • the information of the supervised object is randomly sampled; and the risk execution module analyzes the risk level of the supervised object according to the defined elements, rules, and information of the supervised object obtained by sampling, and determines the supervision manner for the supervised object according to the risk level.
  • the risk level can Set according to needs, for example, high, medium, low, or risky, risk free, and so on.
  • the element definition module and the rule definition module may be set in advance, default settings, or set according to the characteristics of the supervision object.
  • the rule definition module may include: a risk rule definition module, which defines the risk of the risk element under what conditions, for example, the enterprise has a smuggling violation, the business of the enterprise is classified as high risk; and the trusted rule definition module: and risk
  • businesses that meet the conditions of trusted rules are considered risk-free or low-risk, such as large enterprises that do not have smuggling violation records.
  • the various modules in the risk management subsystem 40 can be implemented in a variety of ways, such as by an electronic device having a processor and a user interface device.
  • the user interface device includes, for example, a display.
  • the user can make input through the user interface device for element definition and rule definition, and the display can display, for example, a graphical user interface (GUI) to provide human interaction.
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • the processor can perform data processing operations such as random sampling and risk analysis, judgment, and the like.
  • the risk management subsystem 40 may also include a communication module for information interaction with other subsystems.
  • the risk management subsystem 40 may send the determined on-the-go supervision manner for the regulatory object to the central supervision subsystem 30.
  • the central supervisory subsystem 30 can specify the mode of operation of the in-transit supervisory device 10 in accordance with the on-going supervisory mode.
  • the central supervisory subsystem 30 can also analyze the in-transit information of the supervisory object from the in-transit supervisory device 10, and interact with the information of the in-transit supervisory device 10 to dynamically adjust the mode of operation of the in-transit supervisory device 10 based on the analysis result.
  • the in-transit supervisory device 10 may be designated to collect and transmit additional information other than, for example, electronic lock, location information, such as an image of a supervisory object, an image of a surrounding environment, etc., and may be in an abnormal situation. Triggers an alarm.
  • location information such as an image of a supervisory object, an image of a surrounding environment, etc.
  • the frequency of information collection and the frequency of information transmission can be increased for more rigorous monitoring.
  • the in-transit supervision device 10 can even be put into an inoperative state. In this way, the system of the present disclosure can set the operation mode of the on-going supervision device in a differentiated and dynamic manner according to the risk management, the real-time status of the supervision object, and the like, thereby improving the supervision efficiency and strength.
  • the in-transit monitoring device 10 may include: an in-transit collection module that collects in-transit information of the supervised object; the in-transit communication module sends the in-transit communication module to the central supervising subsystem Sending the in-transit information of the collection, and receiving an instruction for specifying the operation mode from the central supervision subsystem; and the in-transit control module, according to the received instruction, setting the operation mode of the in-transit supervision device.
  • the operation mode may define at least one of an information category, a frequency of information collection, a manner of transmitting information, and a frequency of information transmission.
  • the information category may include at least one of location information of the supervision object, electronic lock information, current status information, and alarm information.
  • the in-transit communication module transmits the collected information to the central supervision subsystem according to the set operation mode.
  • the various modules in the in-transit supervisory device 10 can be implemented in a variety of forms.
  • the in-transit acquisition module may include a satellite navigation device, a camera, a sensor, an alarm trigger, etc., and collect the position, image, physical information, lock information, and alarm of the supervision object.
  • the in-transit communication module can include communication devices that interact with each other using any suitable means of communication, such as message uploading via short messages and command downloads from a central supervisory subsystem.
  • the in-transit control module can utilize any suitable electronic device, such as a microprocessor, micro-control unit, etc., to process information and commands, and to control the overall operation of the on-going supervisory device 10.
  • the central supervision subsystem 30 may be a platform for supervising the object of supervision, and includes interfaces for the in-transit supervision device 10, the port clearance subsystem 20, and the risk management subsystem 40 to perform information exchange and command delivery with them.
  • the central supervision subsystem 30 can be implemented in a variety of forms, such as by an electronic device having a processor, a communication device, and a user interface device.
  • the user interface device includes, for example, a display, which can display to the user the operating status of the entire supervisory system and the status of the supervisory object, etc., and the user can input through the user interface device to monitor and control the operation of the entire supervisory system through the central supervisory subsystem 30.
  • a graphical user interface (GUI) can be displayed, for example, to provide human interaction.
  • the communication device can interact with the various subsystems and supervisory devices using any suitable communication means.
  • the processor can perform data processing operations such as information processing, analysis, and judgment.
  • Example configurations and implementations of various subsystems and devices are described above.
  • the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any other configurations and implementations that can be reasonably conceived by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the present disclosure.
  • a marker may be placed on the regulatory object, the port clearance subsystem 20 may collect and process information of the marker, and the in-transit supervisory device 10 may monitor the status of the marker.
  • the information and/or status of the marker can be used as an additional regulatory pair
  • the image information is further determined according to whether the marker information is consistent before and after the transportation, and/or whether an abnormal change occurs in the transportation according to the state of the marker, and whether the irregularity occurs on the way.
  • the marker may be an object attached to the regulatory object or set at a certain position of the regulatory object, and the position, shape, etc. of the object may change correspondingly when the regulatory object changes, which is helpful for judging, for example, supervision. Whether there is a difference between the scanned images before and after the object is transported.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic flow chart of a customs in transit supervision method in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the customs in transit supervision method 500 can be implemented by the system described above with reference to FIG.
  • the port clearance subsystem 20 may collect pre-shipment information of the supervised object at the port of departure.
  • the risk management subsystem 40 can analyze the risk level of the supervisory object based on the collected information and determine the way in which the supervisory object is in transit.
  • the in-transit supervisory device 10 may supervise the supervisory object in transit in accordance with the determined on-going supervision mode.
  • the port clearance subsystem 20 may collect post-shipment information of the supervised object at the destination port, comparing the pre-shipment information with the post-transport information.
  • the central supervision subsystem 30 can determine whether a violation has occurred on the way based on the regulatory status during transit and the results of the comparison.
  • the result of the comparison performed by step 508 may include: if the pre-shipment information and the post-transport information are consistent, no violation occurs on the way, and if the pre-shipment information and the post-transport information are inconsistent, the violation occurs on the way. .
  • the transitary regulatory status is based on at least one of location information, lockout information, status information, and alarm information of the monitored object.
  • step 504 may further include: defining information of the supervisory object as an element of the risk analysis; defining a rule for risk analysis; and using the random algorithm to monitor the object of the object Random sampling is performed.
  • the analysis of the risk level of the supervised object can be based on the defined elements, rules, and information of the supervised object obtained by sampling.
  • step 506 may specifically include: receiving an instruction for specifying a way of supervision in transit; and according to the received instruction, setting at least one of the following: information category, frequency of information collection, and manner of information transmission And the frequency of information transmission; according to the settings, collect and send in-transit information of the supervision object.
  • step 506 may further include: analyzing a regulatory status of the regulatory object in transit, and dynamically adjusting the in-transit supervision mode according to the analysis result.
  • the regulatory object is provided with a marker
  • the method 500 may further include: collecting and processing information of the marker at the port as information of the regulatory object, and supervising the state of the marker in transit; and according to the logo Whether the information of the object is consistent before and after the transportation, and/or whether abnormal changes occur in the transportation according to the state of the marker, and whether the irregularity occurs on the way.
  • the example covers three layers: the device layer, the port layer, and the center layer.
  • the device layer refers to the on-the-road monitoring device, which is installed on the supervising vehicle or the container, and may include an information collecting module, a satellite navigation module and a communication module, and the information collecting module may acquire the in-transit information of the vehicle or the container.
  • the satellite navigation module can obtain location information through satellite navigation systems, supporting GPS, Beidou and other satellite navigation systems.
  • the communication module acts as a data carrier for the supervisory device to interact with the monitoring center by means of, for example, a short message, and performs vehicle location information, uploads of supervisory device information, and downloads commands of the monitoring center.
  • the port level refers to the customs clearance subsystem of the port.
  • the customs clearance subsystem of the port is the starting point and ending point of the in-transit supervision business.
  • the supervised vehicles are guided and inspected by the port customs clearance subsystem to collect vehicle and cargo data.
  • the port clearance system transmits relevant data to the port.
  • the supervision center is used by other ports.
  • the port clearance subsystem calls the risk management subsystem to judge whether the vehicle needs to be supervised in the way, and the supervision installation device is required to be sealed. When the supervision vehicle arrives at the destination port, it is inspected again by the port customs clearance subsystem, and the vehicle and cargo data are collected again, and compared with the data collected at the port of origin. If the vehicle proves to be illegal, it needs further inspection. . If the supervision device is consistently sealed and unsealed.
  • the central layer refers to the central supervision subsystem.
  • the central supervision subsystem is the storage center for port inspection and measurement data. During the vehicle supervision, the location, status, and alarm information sent by the supervisory device are received, and the position and trajectory of all vehicles are viewed. Send a command to the supervisory device.
  • FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of one specific example of a customs in transit supervision method in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • An example of the method includes the following steps:
  • the vehicle loads the cargo container at the origin, and the electronic lock is physically locked;
  • the vehicle arrives at the customs control bay of the origin, and the customs clearance subsystem controls the vehicle to be inspected according to a predefined process, and at the same time completes information collection, including radioactive material detection results, license plate recognition results, vehicle measurement results, vehicle weighing results, and X-rays. Scanning images, electronically locked data, etc.
  • the port customs clearance subsystem invokes the risk management subsystem to perform risk level analysis on the supervised vehicles to determine whether the risk is high or low or whether it needs to be monitored on the way; if it is high risk or requires supervision, the vehicle needs to be monitored on the way, entering 608; if it is low Risk or credibility, the vehicle does not need to be monitored on the way, directly released, enter 610;
  • the port customs clearance subsystem assigns a line to the vehicle, and seals the supervision device through the supervisory device reader, and enters 610;
  • the supervising device on the supervised vehicle sends location information and lock information to the central supervision subsystem according to the set rules, and the central supervision subsystem can see the location and trajectory information and alarm information of all the vehicles;
  • the central supervision subsystem can interact with the supervisory device to dynamically specify a sending rule of the supervisory device;
  • the vehicle arrives at the destination customs supervision bayonet.
  • the port clearance subsystem controls the supervised vehicle to be inspected according to the process, and at the same time completes the information collection, including the radioactive material detection result, the license plate recognition result, the vehicle measurement result, the vehicle weighing result, and the X-ray. Scanning images, electronically locked data, etc.
  • the port customs clearance subsystem compares the information of the supervised vehicles, and compares the collected information with the information collected at the departure place. When the comparison information does not match, a hand inspection is required;
  • the port customs clearance subsystem determines whether the vehicle is installed with the supervision device, if not installed, directly release, enter 624; if installed, enter 622;
  • the port customs clearance subsystem is sealed and unsealed by the supervisory device reader, and enters 624;
  • steps 602, 604, 606, 608, 610 can be adjusted, and the steps can also be combined or subdivided or omitted, which are all within the scope of the present disclosure.
  • step 616 The order of 618, 620, 622, 624 can be adjusted, and the steps can also be combined or subdivided or omitted, also within the scope of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic block diagram of subsystems in a customs in transit supervision system in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the specific module configuration of the in-transit supervisory device is not shown in the figure, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that the in-transit supervisory device interacts with the corresponding module of the central supervisory subsystem.
  • the interaction between the modules is not clearly shown. Based on the description of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art can understand the interaction relationship between the corresponding modules.
  • the departure port customs clearance subsystem 20 includes: a traffic control module 20-1, a device integration module 20-2, a risk management module 20-3, a data transmission module 20-4, an in-transit supervision module 20-5, and a data ratio. Pair module 20-6;
  • the destination port clearance subsystem 20' includes: a traffic control module 20'-1, a device integration module 20'-2, a risk management module 20'-3, a data transmission module 20'-4, and an in-transit supervision module 20'-5, Data comparison module 20'-6;
  • the central supervision subsystem 30 includes: an electronic lock management module 30-1, a data acquisition module 30-2, a data transmission module 30-3, an in-transit supervision module 30-4, a port supervision module 30-5, and a risk management module 30-6. ;
  • the risk management subsystem 40 includes a risk element definition module 40-1, a risk rule definition module 40-2, a trusted rule definition module 40-3, a random distribution definition module 40-4, and a risk execution module 40-5.
  • the above subsystem modules of the in-transit supervision system are divided into four categories: basic preparation, starting point start, in-transit monitoring, and end point comparison.
  • the basic preparation class module a module that can be configured before the system is used, including the risk element definition module 40-1, the risk rule definition module 40-2, the trusted rule definition module 40-3, and the random distribution definition in the risk management subsystem 40.
  • Start-up class module modules that can be executed at the origin, including the port of origin
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of module interaction in the system start-up phase in the example embodiment of FIG.
  • the traffic control module 20-1 of the customs clearance subsystem 20 of the departure port controls the vehicle to perform inspection according to the process
  • the device integration module 20-2 collects (8-1) the detection results of each inspection and detection device, and provides (8-2) ) to the risk management module 20-3.
  • the risk management module 20-3 interacts with the risk execution module 40-5 of the risk management subsystem 40 via the risk management module 30-6 of the (8-3) central supervision subsystem 30 (8-4, 8-5), Obtaining the risk judgment result, and providing (8-6) to the in-transit supervision module 20-4, the on-going supervision module 20-4 specifies the line, the longest stay time, the frequency of the information transmitted by the supervisory device, etc., and provides (8-7) to The data transmission module 20-5, the data transmission module 20-5 interacts with the data transmission module 30-5 of the central supervision subsystem (8-8, 8-9), transmits inspection, detection information, regulatory settings, and the like.
  • the in-transit supervision module a module that is executed during transportation before the vehicle leaves the origin to arrive at the destination, including the corresponding modules in the in-transit supervision device 10 and the central supervision subsystem 30.
  • the data collection module 30-2 in the central supervision subsystem 30 accepts the location information, status information, and the like sent from the in-transit supervision device 10, and the in-transit supervision module 30-4 of the central supervision subsystem 30 tracks the location information of the supervised vehicle, and the route. Information and alarm conditions.
  • Endpoint comparison class module A module executed at the destination, including the corresponding modules in the destination port clearance subsystem 20', the risk management subsystem 40, and the central supervision subsystem 30. These modules and their operation are described in conjunction with FIG. Figure 8 shows a schematic diagram of system end-point comparison phase module interaction in the example embodiment of Figure 7.
  • the traffic control module 20'-1 of the destination port clearance subsystem 20' controls the vehicle to perform inspection and detection according to the flow.
  • the device integration module 20'-2 collects (9-1) the detection results of the respective inspection and detection devices, and provides (9-2) to the data transmission module 20'-5.
  • the data transmission module 20'-5 interacts with the data transmission module 30-5 of the central supervision subsystem 30 (9-3, 9-4), and receives inspection and detection information collected by the supervisory vehicle at the origin, and provides (9- 5) Give the data comparison module 20'-6.
  • the data comparison module 20'-6 compares the information collected by the destination with the information collected at the departure to determine whether there is an illegal act.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates an example flow diagram of transit transit supervision applicable to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the various steps and sequence of steps in the figures are exemplary and many other variations are contemplated by those skilled in the art and are within the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the technical contents well known to those skilled in the art are omitted or simply described to avoid obscuring the present disclosure.
  • Figure 10 is an example of Customs transit transit supervision to illustrate the application of the Customs in-transit supervision system and method of the present disclosure.
  • the example process may include: the customs at the departure place acquires the information of the vehicle and the goods loaded in the vehicle, and invokes the risk level judgment according to the attribute information of the vehicle and the goods, and the risk level judgment result needs to be supervised.
  • the supervision is more powerful, the vehicle seal supervision device or correspondingly configure the supervision device, the supervision device sends the position, status, alarm and other information to the supervision center during the transportation of the vehicle, and the supervision center obtains the position and route of all the supervised vehicles.
  • Alarm information and adjustment or control of the operation of the supervisory unit After the vehicle arrives at the destination customs, it will again obtain the vehicle and cargo information and compare it with the information obtained by the customs at the place of departure to determine whether there is any illegal act. A more specific step flow is given below.
  • the vehicle arrives at the entry and exit port, and the license plate recognition module performs the license plate number identification;
  • the port traffic control module determines whether there is a vehicle being scanned in the current site if it is present, if not, then controls the traffic light to turn green and lifts the gear lever;
  • RM Radiation protection inspection
  • the measuring module measures the length, width and height of the vehicle
  • the weighing module calculates the weight of the vehicle
  • the vehicle scanning module performs an X-ray scanning outlay
  • the drawing inspection module has the following conclusions
  • the comparison station binds the lock and the vehicle and the box number
  • the comparison station sets a vehicle driving route, a customs clearance (boundary) port or an alarm zone;
  • the traffic control module controls the light emitting diode (LED) to display the release conclusion;
  • the inspection station prints the inspection certificate
  • the traffic control module controls the exit gear to lift and the vehicle is released;
  • the supervision center receives the inspection data of the customs clearance (or transit entry) at the port;
  • the supervision center receives the vehicle location information and the lock state information, and if an off-line occurs or the lock is illegally opened, an alarm will be generated;
  • the regulatory center receives checkpoint data
  • the vehicle arrives at the exit (land) port, and the license plate recognition module performs the license plate number identification;
  • the port traffic control module based on judging whether there is a vehicle being scanned in the current site, if there is, then waiting, if not, controlling the traffic light to turn green and lifting the gear lever;
  • RM Radiation protection inspection
  • Radio frequency identification electronically deblocking the lock
  • the measuring module measures the length, width and height of the vehicle
  • the weighing module calculates the weight of the vehicle
  • the vehicle scanning module performs an X-ray scanning outlay
  • step 129 and step 130 After step 129 and step 130 are completed, performing data comparison between the entry (inspection) port inspection data and the customs (land) port inspection data, including comparison analysis of the scanned images;
  • the traffic control module controls the LED display release conclusion
  • the inspection station prints the inspection certificate
  • the traffic control module controls the exit gear to lift and the vehicle is released;
  • the supervision center receives the inspection data of the customs clearance (or transit and exit) at the port; and binds the inspection data of the two ports at the transit (transit).
  • Customs in-transit supervision systems and methods in accordance with the present disclosure have a number of advantages.
  • the Customs has blindness to the supervision of vehicles in transit. There is no theoretical and systematic guidance on whether or not the vehicles are supervised. The supervision is very random and the supervision effect is poor. The means of supervision in the way is only a judgment. Whether the route deviates from the planned route, whether it is stranded, whether it is illegal to switch the lock, this way of behavior monitoring on the way can not fully guarantee the safety of the goods under supervision. In the current large number of smuggling crimes, it is found that the electronic lock is bypassed. The way; most of the navigation systems use GPS, which hinders the promotion of the system for users with security considerations.
  • the risk management concept is introduced, the supervision concept and methodology are improved, the risk guidance is used in the way, the supervision is targeted, and the target is targeted, which can greatly alleviate the situation of regulatory resources shortage;
  • the definition of in-transit supervision is regulated by the illegal behavior on the way, and it expands to include the difference between the two points, that is, the two points control, extending and perfecting the traditional in-transit supervision definition.
  • the combination of dynamic and static supervision makes the theory of in-transit supervision more comprehensive. ,perfect.
  • aspects of the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented in an integrated circuit as a whole or in part, as one or more of one or more computers running on one or more computers.
  • a computer program eg, implemented as one or more programs running on one or more computer systems
  • implemented as one or more programs running on one or more processors eg, implemented as a
  • One or more programs running on one or more microprocessors, implemented as firmware, or substantially in any combination of the above, and those skilled in the art will be provided with design circuitry and/or writes in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Software and/or firmware code capabilities are examples of firmware code capabilities.
  • signal bearing media include, but are not limited to, recordable media such as floppy disks, hard drives, compact disks (CDs), digital versatile disks (DVDs), digital tapes, computer memories, and the like; and transmission-type media such as digital and / or analog communication media (eg, fiber optic cable, waveguide, wired communication link, wireless communication link, etc.).

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种海关在途监管系统和方法。该系统包括：口岸通关子系统，在口岸处采集和处理监管对象的信息；风险管理子系统，根据监管对象的风险级别，确定针对所述监管对象的在途监管方式；在途监管装置，按照在途监管方式，在运输途中监管所述监管对象；以及中心监管子系统，与口岸通关子系统、风险管理子系统和在途监管装置进行信息交互，并发送用于控制口岸通关子系统、风险管理子系统和在途监管装置的指令。本公开的系统和方法引入了起始和目的口岸信息比对、风险管理机制，提高了监管针对性、监管效率和力度。

Description

海关在途监管系统和方法 技术领域
本公开涉及在途监管领域，尤其是涉及海关在途监管系统和方法。
背景技术
随着经济的发展，进出口贸易的日益繁荣，关税收入给国家带来了大量财政收入的同时也成了众多不法分子盯上的目标。高效、严密的海关监管是杜绝进出口贸易中各种不法行为的重要手段。一种常见监管方式是海关监管货物由境内设关地点转运到另一设关地点办理进出口海关手续的监管。
目前，海关主要采取在起运地海关“施封”电子关锁，在目的地海关“验封”电子关锁，引入全球定位系统(GPS)定位的方法，来对监管车辆进行监控。然而，基于电子关锁的途中监管不能完全保障监管货物的安全，依赖于GPS的定位可能损害安全和保密性，并且实施无差别化的监管，针对性不强，增加监控成本并且监管效能低。
需要一种海关在途监管系统和方法，能够解决现有技术存在的至少一些问题。
发明内容
本公开的示例实施例提供了一种海关在途监管系统，包括：
口岸通关子系统，在口岸处采集和处理监管对象的信息；
风险管理子系统，根据监管对象的风险级别，确定针对所述监管对象的在途监管方式；
在途监管装置，按照在途监管方式，在运输途中监管所述监管对象；以及
中心监管子系统，与口岸通关子系统、风险管理子系统和在途监管装置进行信息交互，并发送用于控制口岸通关子系统、风险管理子 系统和在途监管装置的指令。
根据示例实施例，口岸通关子系统包括：
起运地采集模块，在起运口岸处采集监管对象的运输前信息，
目的地采集模块，在目的地口岸处采集监管对象的运输后信息，以及
比对模块，比对运输前信息和运输后信息，并获得如下比对结果：如果运输前信息和运输后信息一致，则途中未出现违规行为，如果运输前信息和运输后信息不一致，则途中出现违规行为。
根据示例实施例，风险管理子系统包括：
元素定义模块，定义监管对象的哪些信息用作风险分析的元素；
规则定义模块，定义风险分析的规则；
随机布控定义模块，使用随机算法对监管对象的信息进行随机取样；以及
风险执行模块，根据定义的元素、规则以及取样得到的监管对象的信息，分析所述监管对象的风险级别，并根据风险级别确定针对所述监管对象的监管方式。
根据示例实施例，在途监管装置包括：
在途采集模块，采集监管对象的在途信息；
在途通信模块，向中心监管子系统发送采集的在途信息，并从中心监管子系统接收用于指定操作模式的指令；以及
在途控制模块，根据接收的所述指令，设定在途监管装置的操作模式。
在途采集模块按照设定的操作模式，采集位置信息、关锁信息、状态信息和报警信息中的至少一个，以及
在途通信模块按照设定的操作模式，向中心监管子系统发送采集的在途信息。
根据示例实施例，中心监管子系统分析来自在途监管装置的监管对象在途信息，并通过与在途监管装置的信息交互，根据分析结果动态调整在途监管装置的操作模式。
根据示例实施例，监管对象上设置有标志物，口岸通关子系统采 集和处理标志物的信息，并且在途监管装置监管标志物的状态。将标志物的信息和/或状态作为附加的监管对象信息，进一步根据标志物的信息在运输前后是否一致，以及/或者根据标志物的状态在运输途中是否发生异常变化，判断途中是否出现违规行为。
本公开的示例实施例还提供了一种海关在途监管方法，包括：
在起运口岸处采集监管对象的运输前信息；
根据采集的信息分析监管对象的风险级别，并确定针对所述监管对象的在途监管方式；
按照确定的在途监管方式，在运输途中监管所述监管对象；
在目的地口岸处采集监管对象的运输后信息，比对运输前信息和运输后信息；以及
根据运输途中监管状况和比对结果，确定途中是否出现违规行为。
本公开的示例实施例还提供了一种口岸通关系统，包括：
起运地采集模块，在起运口岸处采集监管对象的运输前信息，
目的地采集模块，在目的地口岸处采集监管对象的运输后信息，以及
比对模块，比对运输前信息和运输后信息，并获得如下比对结果：如果运输前信息和运输后信息一致，则途中未出现违规行为，如果运输前信息和运输后信息不一致，则途中出现违规行为。
附图说明
根据结合附图阅读的以下描述，本发明的以上和其他方面、特征和优点将变得清楚明白，其中类似的参考数字表示相同的元件。
图1示出了根据本公开示例实施例的海关在途监管系统的示意结构框图；
图2-4分别示出了根据本公开示例实施例的海关在途监管系统中子系统的不同部署方式；
图5示出了根据本公开示例实施例的海关在途监管方法的示意流 程图；
图6示出了根据本公开实施例的海关在途监管方法的一个具体示例的流程图；
图7示出了分别示出了根据本公开示例实施例的海关在途监管系统中各子系统的示意模块图；
图8示出了在图7的示例实施例中，系统起点启动阶段模块交互示意图；
图9示出了在图7的示例实施例中，系统终点比对阶段模块交互示意图；以及
图10示出了本公开实施例可应用的转关过境监管流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本发明的具体实施例，应当注意，这里描述的实施例只用于举例说明，并不用于限制本发明。在以下描述中，为了提供对本发明的透彻理解，阐述了大量特定细节。然而，对于本领域普通技术人员显而易见的是：不必采用这些特定细节来实行本发明。在其他实例中，为了避免混淆本发明，未具体描述公知的电路、材料或方法。
在整个说明书中，对“一个实施例”、“实施例”、“一个示例”或“示例”的提及意味着：结合该实施例或示例描述的特定特征、结构或特性被包含在本发明至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书的各个地方出现的短语“在一个实施例中”、“在实施例中”、“一个示例”或“示例”不一定都指同一实施例或示例。此外，可以以任何适当的组合和/或子组合将特定的特征、结构或特性组合在一个或多个实施例或示例中。此外，本领域普通技术人员应当理解，这里使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关列出的项目的任何和所有组合。
在当前在途监管系统中，监管的范围在途中，即从起运地到目的地的途中进行监管，认为只要在途中无异常(行进路线偏离指定路线，滞留，电子关锁非法开启等)，则本次运输的货物是安全的。这种监管 方式不能完全保障监管货物的安全，在目前大量的走私犯罪中，都发现了不破坏关锁而在货车车门锁螺丝和车门扣钩上动手脚，中途偷卸货物等方式。为了解决现有技术中的至少一些问题，本公开的示例实施例提出延伸在途监管链条的构思。例如，在起运地采集监管对象的X光扫描图像、物理信息(长、宽、高；重量)等，在目的地再次采集监管对象的X光扫描图像、物理信息(长、宽、高；重量)等，并将其与在起运地采集的信息进行比对，判断两者是否有差异，当差异超过设定的阀值时，判断发生了违法行为。这样，在途监管的定义由途中违法行为监管，拓展为监管起点对监管对象快照、测量，监管终点再次对监管对象快照、测量，比对起、止两个点的差异，即两头把控，极大延伸了传统在途监管定义，动静结合的监管方式使得在途监管的理论更加全面、完善。
当前在途监管系统使用GPS进行定位。本公开的示例实施例的在途监管装置可以使用其他导航系统，例如北斗卫星导航系统或其他卫星导航系统。
当前在途监管系统对于所有的监管车辆实施相同的管理，没有依据车辆的其他属性对被监控的车辆实施差别化管理，导致监管的针对性不强，从而增加了监控成本，监管效能低。为了解决现有技术中的至少一些问题，本公开的示例实施例的在途监管引入风险管理机制，依据监管对象的属性等确定有针对性的在途监管方式。
当前在途监管系统中，在途监管的手段单一不灵活。为了解决现有技术中的至少一些问题，本公开的示例实施例依据风险管理、监管对象状况等，通过与监管中心的信息交互，动态设定在途监管装置的操作模式。
下面结合附图，描述本公开的示例实施例。
图1示出了根据本公开示例实施例的海关在途监管系统的示意结构框图。该海关在途监管系统可以包括在途监管装置10、口岸通关子系统20、中心监管子系统30以及风险管理子系统40。口岸通关子系统20可以在口岸处采集和处理监管对象的信息。口岸通关子系统20可以分别部署在各个口岸处，例如起运地和目的地口岸。风险管理子 系统40可以根据监管对象的风险级别，确定针对监管对象的在途监管方式。这在下文中将详细描述。在途监管装置10可以按照在途监管方式，在运输途中监管所述监管对象。这里运输途中是指例如起运地和目的地口岸之间的路程。在途监管装置10可以部署在监管对象上，实时监管其运输状况。中心监管子系统30可以部署在总部，与口岸通关子系统20、风险管理子系统40和在途监管装置10进行信息交互，并发送用于控制各子系统和装置的指令。监管对象可以包括出入口岸的多种对象，例如车辆、船只及其装载的货物等。下文示例中为了描述方便，有时将监管对象简单称为车辆或货物，但是本公开不限于此。
根据本公开实施例的海关在途监管系统可以具有多种架构形式，尤其对于风险管理子系统40的部署，图2-4示出了多种不同部署方式。图中为了清楚起见，未示出在途监管装置10，但是参考图1容易理解在途监管装置10与其他各子系统的关系。此外，图2-4中示出了口岸以及部署的口岸通关子系统的数量为3个，这仅仅是示例，本公开不限于此，该数量可以更少或更多。
如图2所示，中心监管子系统30部署在总部，为每个口岸提供相应的口岸通关子系统20和风险管理子系统40，两个子系统可以直接进行信息交互，口岸通关子系统20可以与中心监管子系统30进行信息交互，风险管理子系统40可以经由口岸通关子系统20与中心监管子系统30进行信息交互。这种部署方式使得每个口岸有私有的风险管理子系统，各口岸通关子系统可以向其私有风险管理子系统发送采集的监管对象信息，并可以直接从对应的私有风险管理子系统获取关于风险评估的信息。
如图3所示，为每个口岸提供相应的口岸通关子系统20，风险管理子系统40与中心监管子系统30都部署在总部，每个口岸通关子系统20与风险管理子系统40和中心监管子系统30都可以直接进行信息交互。该部署方式使得中心监管子系统30、风险管理子系统40可以同时对口岸通关子系统20服务，口岸通关子系统20与风险管理子系统40之间发送采集信息以及获取风险信息不依赖于中心监管子系统30。
如图4所示，为每个口岸提供相应的口岸通关子系统20，风险管理子系统40与中心监管子系统30都部署在总部，每个口岸通关子系统20经由中心监管子系统30与风险管理子系统40进行信息交互。该部署方式使得中心监管子系统30成为中枢，口岸通关子系统20与风险管理子系统40之间发送采集信息以及获取风险信息经由中心监管子系统30。
虽然示出了示例性部署方式，但本公开不限于此，本领域技术人员能够合理设想到的其他任何部署方式都是在本公开的范围内。
根据一个示例实施例，口岸通关子系统20可以包括：起运地采集模块，在起运口岸处采集监管对象的运输前信息；目的地采集模块，在目的地口岸处采集监管对象的运输后信息；以及比对模块，比对运输前信息和运输后信息，如果运输前信息和运输后信息一致，则判断途中未出现违规行为，如果运输前信息和运输后信息不一致，则判断途中出现违规行为。例如，可以在起运地采集监管对象的X光扫描图像、物理信息等，在目的地再次采集监管对象的X光扫描图像、物理信息等，并将其与在起运地采集的信息进行比对，判断两者是否有差异，当差异超过设定的阈值时，判断两者不一致，发生了违法行为。通过比对起、止两个点处的差异，实现了除运输途中监管之外的附加的两头把控，提供了在途监管的可靠性。口岸通关子系统20中的各个模块可以采用多种形式实现，例如起运地采集模块和目的地采集模块可以采用计算机断层(CT)成像设备、辐射成像设备、扫描仪、摄像机、传感器等数据采集设备实现，比对模块可以采用具有数据处理能力的电子设备实现。口岸通关子系统20还可以包括通信模块，用于与其他子系统进行信息交互。
根据一个示例实施例，风险管理子系统40可以包括：元素定义模块，定义监管对象的哪些信息用作风险分析的元素；规则定义模块，定义风险分析的规则；随机布控定义模块，使用随机算法对监管对象的信息进行随机取样；以及风险执行模块，根据定义的元素、规则以及取样得到的监管对象的信息，分析所述监管对象的风险级别，并根据风险级别确定针对所述监管对象的监管方式。这里，风险级别可以 根据需要设定，例如分为高、中、低，或者有风险、无风险等等。元素定义模块和规则定义模块可以是事先设定、默认设定或依据监管对象的特点而设定的。例如，对于货物，货物类别、原产国、发货人等可以作为风险分析元素。规则定义模块可以包括：风险规则定义模块，定义风险元素在什么条件下是什么程度的风险，比如企业有过走私违规，该企业的业务被列为高风险；以及可信规则定义模块：与风险相对应，满足可信规则条件的业务被认为无风险或低风险，比如没有走私违规记录的大型企业。风险管理子系统40中的各个模块可以采用多种方式实现，例如可以由具有处理器和用户接口设备的电子设备实现。用户接口设备例如包括显示器。用户可以通过用户接口设备进行输入来进行元素定义和规则定义，显示器可以显示例如图形用户界面(GUI)来提供人机交互。处理器可以执行随机取样和风险分析、判断等数据处理操作。风险管理子系统40还可以包括通信模块，用于与其他子系统进行信息交互。
根据一个示例实施例，风险管理子系统40可以向中心监管子系统30发送所确定的针对监管对象的在途监管方式。中心监管子系统30可以根据在途监管方式，指定在途监管装置10的操作模式。中心监管子系统30也可以分析来自在途监管装置10的监管对象在途信息，并通过与在途监管装置10的信息交互，根据分析结果动态调整在途监管装置10的操作模式。例如，对于高风险的监管对象，可以指定在途监管装置10采集并发送除了例如电子关锁、位置信息之外的附加信息，例如监管对象的图像、周围环境的图像等，并且可以在出现异常状况时触发报警。此外，对于高风险的监管对象，可以增大信息采集的频率和信息发送的频率，以进行更加严密的监视。对于低风险的监管对象，可以只是定期采集和发送例如电子关锁、位置信息等。对于无风险的监管对象，甚至可以使在途监管装置10进入不操作状态。这样，本公开的系统能够依据风险管理、监管对象实时状况等有区分地、动态地设定在途监管装置的操作模式，提高了监管效率和力度。
根据一个示例实施例，在途监管装置10可以包括：在途采集模块，采集监管对象的在途信息；在途通信模块，向中心监管子系统发 送采集的在途信息，并从中心监管子系统接收用于指定操作模式的指令；以及在途控制模块，根据接收的所述指令，设定在途监管装置的操作模式。操作模式可以定义信息类别、信息采集的频率、信息发送的方式和信息发送的频率等的至少一种。例如，信息类别可以包括监管对象的位置信息、电子关锁信息、当前状态信息和报警信息中的至少一个。在途通信模块按照设定的操作模式，向中心监管子系统发送采集的信息。在途监管装置10中的各个模块可以采用多种形式实现。例如在途采集模块可以包括卫星导航设备、摄像头、传感器、报警触发器等，采集监管对象的位置、图像、物理信息、关锁信息、是否出现报警等。在途通信模块可以包括利用任何适当通信方式进行信息交互的通信设备，例如通过短消息来进行信息上传和从中心监管子系统的命令下载。在途控制模块可以利用任何适当的电子设备，例如微处理器、微控制单元等，进行信息和命令的处理，并控制在途监管装置10的整体操作。
中心监管子系统30可以是对监管对象进行监管的平台，并且包括针对在途监管装置10、口岸通关子系统20以及风险管理子系统40的接口，以与它们进行信息交互和命令下发。中心监管子系统30可以采用多种形式实现，例如可以由具有处理器、通信设备和用户接口设备的电子设备实现。用户接口设备例如包括显示器，可以向用户显示整个监管系统的运行状态和监管对象的状况等，用户可以通过用户接口设备进行输入以通过中心监管子系统30来监视和操控整个监管系统的运行，显示器可以显示例如图形用户界面(GUI)来提供人机交互。通信设备可以利用任何适当通信方式与各子系统和监管装置进行信息交互。处理器可以执行信息处理、分析、判断等数据处理操作。
以上描述了各子系统和装置的示例配置和实现方式。本公开不限于此，本领域技术人员能够合理设想到的其他任何配置和实现方式都是在本公开的范围内。
根据一个示例实施例，可以在监管对象上设置标志物，口岸通关子系统20可以采集和处理标志物的信息，并且在途监管装置10可以监管标志物的状态。可以将标志物的信息和/或状态作为附加的监管对 象信息，进一步根据标志物信息在运输前后是否一致，以及/或者根据标志物的状态在运输途中是否发生异常变化，判断途中是否出现违规行为。例如，标志物可以是附加到监管对象上或设置在监管对象的某个位置的某个物体，该物体在监管对象发生变化时其位置、形状等也会发生相应改变，有助于判断例如监管对象运输前后扫描图像之间是否有差别。
图5示出了根据本公开示例实施例的海关在途监管方法的示意流程图。该海关在途监管方法500可以由以上参照图1所述的系统来实施。如图5所示，在步骤502，口岸通关子系统20可以在起运口岸处采集监管对象的运输前信息。在步骤504，风险管理子系统40可以根据采集的信息分析监管对象的风险级别，并确定针对所述监管对象的在途监管方式。在步骤506，在途监管装置10可以按照确定的在途监管方式，在运输途中监管所述监管对象。在步骤508，口岸通关子系统20可以在目的地口岸处采集监管对象的运输后信息，比对运输前信息和运输后信息。在步骤510，中心监管子系统30可以根据运输途中监管状况和比对结果，确定途中是否出现违规行为。
在一个示例实施例中，步骤508执行的比对的结果可以包括：如果运输前信息和运输后信息一致，则途中未出现违规行为，如果运输前信息和运输后信息不一致，则途中出现违规行为。
在一个示例实施例中，运输途中监管状况基于监控对象的位置信息、关锁信息、状态信息和报警信息中的至少一个。
在一个示例实施例中，步骤504在分析监管对象的风险级别之前，还可以包括：定义监管对象的哪些信息用作风险分析的元素；定义风险分析的规则；以及使用随机算法对监管对象的信息进行随机取样。分析监管对象的风险级别可以是根据定义的元素、规则以及取样得到的监管对象的信息而进行的。
在一个示例实施例中，步骤506可以具体包括：接收用于指定在途监管方式的指令；根据接收的所述指令，设定如下中至少一种：信息类别、信息采集的频率、信息发送的方式和信息发送的频率；按照设定，采集和发送监管对象的在途信息。
在一个示例实施例中，步骤506还可以具体包括：分析监管对象的运输途中监管状况，并根据分析结果动态调整在途监管方式。
在一个示例实施例中，监管对象上设置有标志物，方法500还可以包括：在口岸处采集和处理标志物的信息作为监管对象的信息，并且在运输途中监管标志物的状态；以及根据标志物的信息在运输前后是否一致，以及/或者根据标志物的状态在运输途中是否发生异常变化，判断途中是否出现违规行为。
虽然图5中依次示出了方法的各个步骤，但是步骤可调整顺序或可合并或细分或省略。任何适当的变型都在本公开的范围内。
下文描述根据本公开实施例的海关在途监管系统和方法的示例。
该示例覆盖三个层：设备层、口岸层和中心层。设备层指在途监管装置，安装在监管车辆或集装箱上，可以包括信息采集模块、卫星导航模块和通信模块，信息采集模块可以获取车辆或集装箱的在途信息。卫星导航模块可以通过卫星导航系统获取位置信息，支持GPS、北斗及其他卫星导航系统。通信模块通过例如短消息等方式作为监管装置与监控中心交互的数据载体，执行车辆位置信息，监管装置信息的上传，监控中心的命令下载等。
口岸层是指口岸通关子系统，口岸通关子系统是在途监管业务的发起点、结束点，监管车辆在此被口岸通关子系统引导检查，采集车辆及货物数据，口岸通关系统将相关数据传送到监管中心，供其他口岸使用，口岸通关子系统调用风险管理子系统，判断车辆是否需要在途监管，需要监管的安装监管装置，施封。监管车辆到达目的地口岸时，被口岸通关子系统引导再次检查，再次采集车辆及货物数据，与在起运地口岸采集的数据进行比对，如果不一致证明车辆可能有违法行为，需做进一步的检查。如果一致对监管装置验封、解封。
中心层是指中心监管子系统，中心监管子系统是口岸检查、测量数据的存储中心，对车辆监管途中，接收监管装置发送的位置、状态、报警信息，查看所有车辆的位置和轨迹，并可向监管装置发送命令。
图6示出了根据本公开实施例的海关在途监管方法的一个具体示例的流程图。该方法示例包括如下步骤：
602：车辆在起运地装载货物集装箱，电子关锁物理上锁；
604：车辆到达起运地海关监管卡口，口岸通关子系统控制车辆按照预先定义流程被检查，同时完成信息采集，包括放射性物质检测结果、车牌识别结果、车辆测量结果、车辆称重结果、X光扫描图像、电子关锁数据等；
606：口岸通关子系统调用风险管理子系统对被监管的车辆进行风险级别分析，判断高低风险或者是否需要途中监控；如果是高风险或需要监管，则车辆需要途中监控，进入608；如果是低风险或可信，则车辆不需要途中监控，直接放行，进入610；
608：口岸通关子系统为车辆指定线路，并通过监管装置读写器对监管装置施封，进入610；
610：监管车辆驶出起运地监管卡口；
612：被监管的车辆上的监管装置会根据设定的规则发送位置信息及关锁信息给中心监管子系统，中心监管子系统可看到所有的车辆的位置及轨迹信息及报警信息；
614：中心监管子系统可与监管装置交互，动态指定监管装置的发送规则；
616：车辆到达目的地海关监管卡口，口岸通关子系统控制被监管车辆按照流程被检查，同时完成信息采集，包括放射性物质检测结果、车牌识别结果、车辆测量结果、车辆称重结果、X光扫描图像、电子关锁数据等；
618：口岸通关子系统对被监管的车辆进行信息比对，将本次采集到的信息与起运地采集到的信息比对，当比对信息不符时，需要进行手检；
620：口岸通关子系统判断车辆是否安装监管装置，如果没有安装，直接放行，进入624；如果安装了，进入622；
622：口岸通关子系统通过监管装置读写器验封、解封，进入624；
624：流程结束。
上述方法中，步骤602、604、606、608、610的顺序可调整，各步骤也可合并或细分或省略，这都在本公开范围内。此外，步骤616、 618、620、622、624的顺序可调整，各步骤也可合并或细分或省略，同样也在本公开范围内。
下面结合图4的部署方式，描述根据本公开实施例的海关在途监管系统和方法的其他示例。
图7示出了根据本公开示例实施例的海关在途监管系统中各子系统的示意模块图。为了清楚间接起见，图中没有示出在途监管装置的具体模块配置，本领域技术人员可以理解，在途监管装置与中心监管子系统的相应模块进行交互。同时，为了清楚间接起见，也没有明确示出各模块之间的交互关系。基于本公开的描述，本领域技术人员可以理解相应模块之间的交互关系。
图7中，起运地口岸通关子系统20包括：交通控制模块20-1，设备集成模块20-2，风险管理模块20-3，数据传输模块20-4，在途监管模块20-5，数据比对模块20-6；
目的地口岸通关子系统20’包括：交通控制模块20’-1，设备集成模块20’-2，风险管理模块20’-3，数据传输模块20’-4，在途监管模块20’-5，数据比对模块20’-6；
中心监管子系统30包括：电子关锁管理模块30-1，数据采集模块30-2，数据传输模块30-3，在途监管模块30-4，口岸监管模块30-5，风险管理模块30-6；
风险管理子系统40包括：风险元素定义模块40-1，风险规则定义模块40-2，可信规则定义模块40-3，随机布控定义模块40-4，风险执行模块40-5。
在本示例中，将在途监管系统的上述子系统模块分为四类：基础准备，起点启动，在途监控，终点比对。
基础准备类模块：可以在系统使用之前配置的模块，包括风险管理子系统40中的风险元素定义模块40-1，风险规则定义模块40-2，可信规则定义模块40-3和随机布控定义模块40-4，以及中心监管子系统30中的电子关锁管理模块30-1。可以在启用系统之前，由用户或管理员对这些模块进行手工配置，或者可以进行自动、默认配置。
起点启动类模块：可以在起运地执行的模块，包括起运地口岸通 关子系统20、风险管理子系统40和中心监管子系统30中的相应模块。结合图8来描述这些模块及其启动。图8示出了在图7的示例实施例中，系统起点启动阶段模块交互示意图。起运地口岸通关子系统20的交通控制模块20-1控制车辆按流程进行检查，检测，设备集成模块20-2采集(8-1)各个检查、检测设备的检测结果，并提供(8-2)至风险管理模块20-3。风险管理模块20-3经由(8-3)中心监管子系统30的风险管理模块30-6，与风险管理子系统40的风险执行模块40-5进行交互(8-4，8-5)，获得风险判断结果，并提供(8-6)给在途监管模块20-4，在途监管模块20-4据此指定线路、最长停留时间、监管装置发送信息频率等并提供(8-7)给数据传输模块20-5，数据传输模块20-5与中心监管子系统的数据传输模块30-5进行交互(8-8，8-9)，传送检查、检测信息、监管设置等。
在途监管类模块：在车辆离开起运地到达目的地前的运输过程中执行的模块，包括在途监管装置10和中心监管子系统30中的相应模块。例如，中心监管子系统30中的数据采集模块30-2接受在途监管装置10发送过来的位置信息、状态信息等，中心监管子系统30的在途监管模块30-4跟踪监管车辆的位置信息，路线信息及报警情况。
终点比对类模块：在目的地执行的模块，包括目的地口岸通关子系统20’、风险管理子系统40和中心监管子系统30中的相应模块。结合图9来描述这些模块及其操作。图8示出了在图7的示例实施例中，系统终点比对阶段模块交互示意图。目的地口岸通关子系统20’的交通控制模块20’-1控制车辆按流程进行检查、检测。设备集成模块20’-2采集(9-1)各个检查、检测设备的检测结果，并提供(9-2)给数据传输模块20’-5。数据传输模块20’-5与中心监管子系统30的数据传输模块30-5进行交互(9-3，9-4)，接收监管车辆在起运地采集到的检查、检测信息，提供(9-5)给数据比对模块20’-6。数据比对模块20’-6将目的地采集到的信息与起运地采集到的信息进行比对，以判断是否有违法行为。
图8和9中各模块间流程顺序可调整，本领域技术人员能够设想到的各种变型都在本公开范围内。
图10示出了本公开实施例可应用的转关过境监管的一个示例流程图。图中各步骤及步骤顺序都是示例性的，本领域技术人员可以设想到多种其他变型，这些变型都在本公开范围内。此外，省略或简单描述了本领域技术人员熟知的技术内容，以避免模糊本公开。
图10是以海关的转关过境监管为例，来具体说明本公开的海关在途监管系统和方法的应用。在对一个车辆的海关在途监管业务中，示例的流程可以包括：起运地海关获取车辆及车辆内所装货物的信息，根据车辆及货物的属性信息调用风险级别判断，风险级别判断结果为需要监管或监管力度较大的，车辆施封监管装置或相应地配置监管装置，监管装置在车辆运输途中向监管中心发送位置、状态、报警等信息，监管中心获得所有的被监管车辆的位置、路线、报警信息，并可以对监管装置的操作进行调整或控制。车辆到达目的地海关后再次获取车辆及货物信息与起运地海关得到的信息比对，判断是否有违法行为。下面给出了更具体的步骤流程。
101：车辆到达入关(境)口岸，车牌识别模块进行车牌号识别；
102：口岸交通控制模块，根据判断当前场地内是否有正在扫描的车辆如果有则等待，如果没有则控制交通灯变绿，抬起档杆；
103：辐射防护检查(RM)模块，测量车辆是否辐射超标，如果辐射超标会发送声光报警；
104：测量模块测量车辆的长、宽、高；
105：称重模块计算车辆的重量；
106：车辆扫描模块进行X光扫描出图；
107：图检模块下图检结论；
108：扫描报关单模块扫描报关单据；
109：在步骤107和108完成之后，进行现场测量数据与扫描报关单中的数据比对；
110：比对站将关锁和车辆及箱号进行绑定；
111：比对站设置车辆行驶路线、出关(境)口岸或报警区域；
112：比对站上下车辆放行结论；
113：交通控制模块控制发光二极管(LED)显示放行结论；
114：现场工作人员对关锁进行机械和物理施封；
115：验出站打印查验凭证；
116：出口区车牌识别模块，发现准备驶离车辆；
117：如果车辆已完成查验，可以离开，则由交通控制模块控制出口档杆抬起，车辆放行；
118：将查验数据传输至监管中心；
119：监管中心接收口岸转关入关(或过境入境)的查验数据；
120：监管中心接收车辆位置信息以及关锁状态信息，如果发生偏离线路或者关锁非法开启，将会产生报警；
121：监管中心接收检查点数据；
122：车辆到达出关(境)口岸，车牌识别模块进行车牌号识别；
123：口岸交通控制模块，根据判断当前场地内是否有正在扫描的车辆如果有则等待，如果没有则控制交通灯变绿，抬起档杆；
124：辐射防护检查(RM)模块，测量车辆是否辐射超标，如果辐射超标会发送声光报警；
125：射频标识(RFID)对关锁进行电子解封；
126：测量模块测量车辆的长、宽、高；
127：称重模块计算车辆的重量；
128：车辆扫描模块进行X光扫描出图；
129：图检模块下图检结论；
130：扫描报关单模块扫描报关单据；
131：在步骤129和步骤130完成之后，进行入关(境)口岸查验数据与出关(境)口岸查验数据的数据比对，包括扫描图像的比对分析；
132：查看关锁是否有报警信息；
133：查看车辆行驶轨迹，是否存在线路偏离报警；
134：比对站上下车辆放行结论；
135：交通控制模块控制LED显示放行结论；
136：现场工作人员对关锁进行机械解封，回收关锁；
137：验出站打印查验凭证；
138：出口区车牌识别模块，发现准备驶离车辆；
139：如果车辆已完成查验，可以离开，则由交通控制模块控制出口档杆抬起，车辆放行；
140：将查验数据传输至监管中心；
141：监管中心接收口岸转关出关(或过境出境)的查验数据；并将转关(过境)两口岸的查验数据进行绑定。
根据本公开的海关在途监管系统及方法具有多种优点。常规技术中，海关对于在途车辆的监管具有盲目性，对车辆是否监管，采用什么方式监管没有理论及系统指导，导致监管有很大的随意性，监管效果差；在途监管的手段单一，只是判断路线是否偏离规划线路，是否滞留，是否非法打开关锁，这种途中行为监控方式不能完全保障监管货物的安全，在目前大量的走私犯罪中，都发现了绕开电子关锁对货物动手脚的方式；定位导航系统绝大多数使用GPS，对于有安全性考虑的用户，阻碍了系统的推广。根据本公开的海关在途监管系统及方法在途监管引入风险管理理念，提升了监管理念及方法论，使用风险指导在途监管，增加监管的针对性，做到有的放矢，能极大缓解监管资源紧张的局面；在途监管的定义由途中违法行为监管，拓展为包括比对起、止两个点的差异，即两头把控，延伸、完善了传统在途监管定义，动静结合的监管方式使得在途监管的理论更加全面、完善。
以上的详细描述通过使用方框图、流程图和/或示例，已经阐述了海关在途监管系统和方法的众多实施例。在这种方框图、流程图和/或示例包含一个或多个功能和/或操作的情况下，本领域技术人员应理解，这种方框图、流程图或示例中的每一功能和/或操作可以通过各种硬件、软件、固件或实质上它们的任意组合来单独和/或共同实现。在一个实施例中，本发明的实施例所述主题的若干部分可以通过专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、数字信号处理器(DSP)、或其他集成格式来实现。然而，本领域技术人员应认识到，这里所公开的实施例的一些方面在整体上或部分地可以等同地实现在集成电路中，实现为在一台或多台计算机上运行的一个或多个计算机程序(例如，实现为在一台或多台计算机系统上运行的一个或多个程序)，实现为在一个或多个处理器上运行的一个或多个程序(例如，实现为在一 个或多个微处理器上运行的一个或多个程序)，实现为固件，或者实质上实现为上述方式的任意组合，并且本领域技术人员根据本公开，将具备设计电路和/或写入软件和/或固件代码的能力。此外，本领域技术人员将认识到，本公开所述主题的机制能够作为多种形式的程序产品进行分发，并且无论实际用来执行分发的信号承载介质的具体类型如何，本公开所述主题的示例性实施例均适用。信号承载介质的示例包括但不限于：可记录型介质，如软盘、硬盘驱动器、紧致盘(CD)、数字通用盘(DVD)、数字磁带、计算机存储器等；以及传输型介质，如数字和/或模拟通信介质(例如，光纤光缆、波导、有线通信链路、无线通信链路等)。
虽然已参照几个典型实施例描述了本发明，但应当理解，所用的术语是说明和示例性、而非限制性的术语。由于本发明能够以多种形式具体实施而不脱离发明的精神或实质，所以应当理解，上述实施例不限于任何前述的细节，而应在随附权利要求所限定的精神和范围内广泛地解释，因此落入权利要求或其等效范围内的全部变化和改型都应为随附权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种海关在途监管系统，包括：
    口岸通关子系统，在口岸处采集和处理监管对象的信息；
    风险管理子系统，根据监管对象的风险级别，确定针对所述监管对象的在途监管方式；
    在途监管装置，按照在途监管方式，在运输途中监管所述监管对象；以及
    中心监管子系统，与口岸通关子系统、风险管理子系统和在途监管装置进行信息交互，并发送用于控制口岸通关子系统、风险管理子系统和在途监管装置的指令。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的海关在途监管系统，其中口岸通关子系统包括：
    起运地采集模块，在起运口岸处采集监管对象的运输前信息，
    目的地采集模块，在目的地口岸处采集监管对象的运输后信息，以及
    比对模块，比对运输前信息和运输后信息，并获得如下比对结果：如果运输前信息和运输后信息一致，则途中未出现违规行为，如果运输前信息和运输后信息不一致，则途中出现违规行为。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的海关在途监管系统，其中，
    为每个口岸提供相应的口岸通关子系统，风险管理子系统与中心监管子系统部署在总部，每个口岸通关子系统经由中心监管子系统与风险管理子系统进行信息交互；或者
    为每个口岸提供相应的口岸通关子系统和风险管理子系统，两个子系统直接进行信息交互；或者
    为每个口岸提供相应的口岸通关子系统，风险管理子系统与中心监管子系统部署在总部，每个口岸通关子系统与风险管理子系统直接进行信息交互。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的海关在途监管系统，其中，风险管理子系统包括：
    元素定义模块，定义监管对象的哪些信息用作风险分析的元素；
    规则定义模块，定义风险分析的规则；
    随机布控定义模块，使用随机算法对监管对象的信息进行随机取样；以及
    风险执行模块，根据定义的元素、规则以及取样得到的监管对象的信息，分析所述监管对象的风险级别，并根据风险级别确定针对所述监管对象的监管方式。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的海关在途监管系统，其中风险管理子系统向中心监管子系统发送所确定的针对所述监管对象的在途监管方式，
    中心监管子系统根据所述在途监管方式，指定在途监管装置的操作模式。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的海关在途监管系统，其中在途监管装置包括：
    在途采集模块，采集监管对象的在途信息；
    在途通信模块，向中心监管子系统发送采集的在途信息，并从中心监管子系统接收用于指定操作模式的指令；以及
    在途控制模块，根据接收的所述指令，设定在途监管装置的操作模式。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的海关在途监管系统，其中，操作模式定义了如下中至少一种：信息类别、信息采集的频率、信息发送的方式和信息发送的频率；
    在途采集模块按照设定的操作模式，采集位置信息、关锁信息、状态信息和报警信息中的至少一个，以及
    在途通信模块按照设定的操作模式，向中心监管子系统发送采集的在途信息。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的海关在途监管系统，其中，中心监管子系统分析来自在途监管装置的监管对象在途信息，并通过与在途监管装置的信息交互，根据分析结果动态调整在途监管装置的操作模式。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的海关在途监管系统，其中监管对象上设置有标志物，口岸通关子系统采集和处理标志物的信息，并且在途监管装置监管标志物的状态。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的海关在途监管系统，其中，将标志物的信息和/或状态作为附加的监管对象信息，进一步根据标志物的信息在运输前后是否一致，以及/或者根据标志物的状态在运输途中是否发生异常变化，判断途中是否出现违规行为。
  11. 一种海关在途监管方法，包括：
    在起运口岸处采集监管对象的运输前信息；
    根据采集的信息分析监管对象的风险级别，并确定针对所述监管对象的在途监管方式；
    按照确定的在途监管方式，在运输途中监管所述监管对象；
    在目的地口岸处采集监管对象的运输后信息，比对运输前信息和运输后信息；以及
    根据运输途中监管状况和比对结果，确定途中是否出现违规行为。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的海关在途监管方法，其中比对结果包括：如果运输前信息和运输后信息一致，则途中未出现违规行为，如果运输前信息和运输后信息不一致，则途中出现违规行为。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的海关在途监管方法，其中运输途中监管状况基于监控对象的位置信息、关锁信息、状态信息和报警信息中的至少一个。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的海关在途监管方法，其中在分析监管对象的风险级别之前，还包括：
    定义监管对象的哪些信息用作风险分析的元素；
    定义风险分析的规则；以及
    使用随机算法对监管对象的信息进行随机取样；
    其中，所述分析监管对象的风险级别包括：根据定义的元素、规则以及取样得到的监管对象的信息，分析所述监管对象的风险级别。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的海关在途监管方法，其中所述按照确定的在途监管方式，在运输途中监管所述监管对象包括：
    接收用于指定在途监管方式的指令；
    根据接收的所述指令，设定如下中至少一种：信息类别、信息采集的频率、信息发送的方式和信息发送的频率；
    按照设定，采集和发送监管对象的在途信息。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的海关在途监管方法，其中所述按照确定的在途监管方式，在运输途中监管所述监管对象还包括：
    分析监管对象的运输途中监管状况，并根据分析结果动态调整在途监管方式。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的海关在途监管方法，其中监管对象上设置有标志物，所述方法还包括：
    在口岸处采集和处理标志物的信息，并且在运输途中监管标志物的状态；以及
    将标志物的信息和/或状态作为附加的监管对象信息，进一步根据标志物的信息在运输前后是否一致，以及/或者根据标志物的状态在运输途中是否发生异常变化，判断途中是否出现违规行为。
  18. 一种口岸通关系统，包括：
    起运地采集模块，在起运口岸处采集监管对象的运输前信息，
    目的地采集模块，在目的地口岸处采集监管对象的运输后信息，以及
    比对模块，比对运输前信息和运输后信息，并获得如下比对结果：如果运输前信息和运输后信息一致，则途中未出现违规行为，如果运输前信息和运输后信息不一致，则途中出现违规行为。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的口岸通关系统，其中，如果运输前信息和运输后信息之间的差异大于预定阈值，则判断两者不一致；如果运输前信息和运输后信息之间的差异不大于预定阈值，则判断两者一致。
  20. 根据权利要求18的口岸通过系统，其中，监管对象上设置有标志物，
    起运地采集模块和目的地采集模块分别采集标志物的信息，作为监管对象信息，
    比对模块比对标志物的运输前后信息，并获得比对结果。
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