WO2016009667A1 - Appareil de climatisation - Google Patents

Appareil de climatisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016009667A1
WO2016009667A1 PCT/JP2015/054303 JP2015054303W WO2016009667A1 WO 2016009667 A1 WO2016009667 A1 WO 2016009667A1 JP 2015054303 W JP2015054303 W JP 2015054303W WO 2016009667 A1 WO2016009667 A1 WO 2016009667A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
opening
indoor
space
air
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/054303
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
康巨 鈴木
隆雄 駒井
前田　晃
充 川島
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to DE112015003288.6T priority Critical patent/DE112015003288B4/de
Priority to CN201520382326.5U priority patent/CN204787071U/zh
Priority to CN201510302999.XA priority patent/CN105318508B/zh
Publication of WO2016009667A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016009667A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0003—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station characterised by a split arrangement, wherein parts of the air-conditioning system, e.g. evaporator and condenser, are in separately located units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/36—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to leakage of heat-exchange fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioner.
  • a non-flammable HFC refrigerant such as R410A has been used as a refrigerant used in an air conditioner. Unlike the conventional HCFC refrigerant like R22, this R410A does not destroy the ozone layer because the ozone layer depletion coefficient (hereinafter referred to as “ODP”) is zero.
  • ODP ozone layer depletion coefficient
  • R410A has a property of having a high global warming potential (hereinafter referred to as “GWP”). Therefore, as part of the prevention of global warming, studies are underway to change from an HFC refrigerant with a high GWP such as R410A to a refrigerant with a low GWP.
  • HC refrigerants such as R290 (C 3 H 8 ; propane) and R 1270 (C 3 H 6 ; propylene), which are natural refrigerants.
  • R290 and R1270 have flammability (strong flammability) at a high flammability level. Therefore, when R290 or R1270 is used as a refrigerant, attention must be paid to refrigerant leakage.
  • HFC refrigerant candidate of low GWP there is an HFC refrigerant having no carbon double bond in the composition, for example, R32 (CH 2 F 2 ; difluoromethane) having a lower GWP than R410A.
  • Similar refrigerant candidates include halogenated hydrocarbons which are a kind of HFC refrigerant as in R32 and have a carbon double bond in the composition.
  • halogenated hydrocarbon examples include HFO-1234yf (CF 3 CF ⁇ CH 2 ; tetrafluoropropene) and HFO-1234ze (CF 3 —CH ⁇ CHF).
  • HFO-1234yf CF 3 CF ⁇ CH 2 ; tetrafluoropropene
  • HFO-1234ze CF 3 —CH ⁇ CHF
  • an olefin unsaturated with carbon double bond
  • Such low GWP HFC refrigerants are not as flammable as HC refrigerants such as natural refrigerant R290, but unlike R410A, which is nonflammable, flammability at a slightly flammable level ( Slightly flammable). Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to refrigerant leakage as in the case of R290.
  • coolant which has flammability more than a slight fuel level (for example, 2L or more by the classification
  • the refrigerant concentration in the room increases and a flammable concentration area may be formed.
  • Patent Document 1 describes an indoor unit of an air conditioner in which refrigerant detection means for detecting a combustible refrigerant is disposed in the vicinity of a drain pan in a machine room in which a refrigerant pipe connected to a heat exchanger is accommodated. .
  • the refrigerant leaking from the refrigerant pipe in the machine room can be detected by the refrigerant detecting means arranged in the machine room, and the refrigerant leaking from the heat exchanger is also introduced into the machine room through the drain pan. Similarly, it can be detected by the refrigerant detecting means arranged in the machine room.
  • an air conditioner using a flammable refrigerant is provided with a refrigerant detection means for detecting a flammable refrigerant on the outer surface of an indoor unit, the indoor unit is floor-mounted, and the refrigerant detection means is an indoor unit.
  • An air conditioner provided at the bottom of the machine is described. In this air conditioner, when flammable refrigerant leaks into the room from an extension pipe connected to the indoor unit, or when flammable refrigerant leaked inside the indoor unit flows out of the indoor unit through the gap of the indoor unit housing. The leaked refrigerant can be detected by the refrigerant detecting means.
  • the present invention has been made to solve at least one of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner that can detect the leakage of the refrigerant earlier.
  • An air conditioner includes a refrigeration cycle that circulates a refrigerant through a refrigerant pipe, an outdoor unit that houses at least a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger of the refrigeration cycle, and an indoor heat exchanger of at least the refrigeration cycle. And an indoor unit connected to the outdoor unit via an extension pipe that is a part of the refrigerant pipe, wherein the refrigerant has a density greater than that of air under atmospheric pressure.
  • the indoor unit is provided in a housing, an upper space in which the indoor heat exchanger is disposed in the housing, and a lower portion in the housing than the upper space.
  • a lower space a fan disposed in the lower space; a fan casing disposed in the lower space and covering the fan and having a blowout opening and a suction opening; and refrigerant detection means. And, the outlet opening or one of said suction opening is communicated with the upper space, the refrigerant detecting means is provided in the lower space.
  • the refrigerant concentration around the refrigerant detecting means can be quickly increased, so that the refrigerant leakage can be detected earlier.
  • FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the air-conditioning apparatus according to the present embodiment.
  • the dimensional relationship and shape of each component may differ from the actual ones.
  • the air conditioner has a refrigeration cycle 40 for circulating a refrigerant.
  • the compressor 3, the refrigerant flow switching device 4, the outdoor heat exchanger 5 (heat source side heat exchanger), the decompression device 6, and the indoor heat exchanger 7 (load side heat exchanger) are connected to the refrigerant piping. Through the ring.
  • the air conditioner has, for example, an indoor unit 1 installed indoors and an outdoor unit 2 installed outdoor, for example.
  • the indoor unit 1 and the outdoor unit 2 are connected via extension pipes 10a and 10b that are part of the refrigerant pipe.
  • refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle 40 for example, a slightly flammable refrigerant such as R32, HFO-1234yf, HFO-1234ze, or a strong flammable refrigerant such as R290, R1270 is used.
  • These refrigerants may be used as a single refrigerant, or may be used as a mixed refrigerant in which two or more kinds are mixed.
  • the compressor 3 is a fluid machine that compresses sucked low-pressure refrigerant and discharges it as high-pressure refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant flow switching device 4 switches the flow direction of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle 40 between the cooling operation and the heating operation.
  • a four-way valve is used as the refrigerant flow switching device 4.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is a heat exchanger that functions as a condenser during cooling operation and functions as an evaporator during heating operation. In the outdoor heat exchanger 5, heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant circulating in the interior and air (outside air) blown by an outdoor blower fan 5f described later.
  • the decompression device 6 decompresses the high-pressure refrigerant into a low-pressure refrigerant.
  • the decompression device 6 for example, an electronic expansion valve whose opening degree can be adjusted is used.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 7 is a heat exchanger that functions as an evaporator during cooling operation and functions as a condenser during heating operation. In the indoor heat exchanger 7, heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant circulating in the interior and air blown by an indoor blower fan 7f described later.
  • the cooling operation is an operation for supplying a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger 7
  • the heating operation is an operation for supplying a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the indoor heat exchanger 7. .
  • the outdoor unit 2 accommodates a compressor 3, a refrigerant flow switching device 4, an outdoor heat exchanger 5, and a decompression device 6.
  • the outdoor unit 2 accommodates an outdoor air blowing fan 5 f that supplies outside air to the outdoor heat exchanger 5.
  • the outdoor fan 5f is installed to face the outdoor heat exchanger 5. By rotating the outdoor fan 5f, an air flow passing through the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is generated.
  • a propeller fan is used as the outdoor blower fan 5f.
  • the outdoor blowing fan 5f is arranged, for example, on the downstream side of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 in the air flow generated by the outdoor blowing fan 5f.
  • a discharge pipe 12 connected to the discharge side of the compressor 3, a refrigerant pipe connecting the refrigerant flow switching device 4 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, a refrigerant pipe connecting the outdoor heat exchanger 5 and the decompression device 6, and A refrigerant pipe connecting the decompression device 6 and the liquid side (cooling operation) extension pipe connection valve 13b is disposed.
  • the extension pipe connection valve 13a is a two-way valve that can be switched between open and closed, and a flare joint is attached to one end thereof.
  • the extension pipe connection valve 13b is composed of a three-way valve that can be switched between open and closed, and is a service that is used when evacuating one end of the valve (before the refrigerant is charged into the refrigeration cycle 40).
  • a mouth 14a is attached, and a flare joint is attached to the other end.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant compressed by the compressor 3 flows through the discharge pipe 12 during both the cooling operation and the heating operation.
  • a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas refrigerant or two-phase refrigerant that has undergone an evaporating action flows through the suction pipe 11 in both the cooling operation and the heating operation.
  • a service port 14b with a low-pressure side flare joint is connected to the suction pipe 11, and a service port 14c with a flare joint on the high-pressure side is connected to the discharge pipe 12.
  • the service ports 14b and 14c are used for measuring an operating pressure by connecting a pressure gauge at the time of installation or repair of the air conditioner.
  • the indoor unit 1 accommodates an indoor heat exchanger 7.
  • the indoor unit 1 is also provided with an indoor fan 7f that supplies air to the indoor heat exchanger 7. By rotating the indoor fan 7f, an air flow passing through the indoor heat exchanger 7 is generated.
  • a centrifugal fan for example, a sirocco fan, a turbo fan, etc.
  • a cross flow fan for example, a diagonal fan
  • an axial fan for example, a propeller fan
  • the indoor blower fan 7f of this example is arranged on the upstream side of the indoor heat exchanger 7 in the air flow generated by the indoor blower fan 7f, but may be arranged on the downstream side of the indoor heat exchanger 7. .
  • the indoor unit 1 also detects an intake air temperature sensor 91 that detects the temperature of the indoor air sucked from the room, and detects the refrigerant temperature at the inlet portion of the indoor heat exchanger 7 during the cooling operation (the outlet portion during the heating operation).
  • an intake air temperature sensor 91 that detects the temperature of the indoor air sucked from the room, and detects the refrigerant temperature at the inlet portion of the indoor heat exchanger 7 during the cooling operation (the outlet portion during the heating operation).
  • a heat exchanger inlet temperature sensor 92 a heat exchanger temperature sensor 93 for detecting the refrigerant temperature (evaporation temperature or condensation temperature) of the two-phase part of the indoor heat exchanger 7, and the like.
  • the indoor unit 1 is provided with a refrigerant detection means 99 described later. These sensors output a detection signal to the control unit 30 that controls the indoor unit 1 or the entire air conditioner.
  • a joint portion 15a for example, a flare joint for connecting the extension piping 10a is provided at a connection portion with the extension piping 10a on the gas side.
  • a joint part 15b for example, a flare joint for connecting the extension pipe 10b is provided in the connection part with the liquid side extension pipe 10b. It has been.
  • the control unit 30 has a microcomputer equipped with a CPU, ROM, RAM, I / O port and the like.
  • the control unit 30 can perform data communication with the operation unit 26 described later.
  • the control unit 30 of this example controls the operation of the indoor unit 1 or the entire air conditioner including the operation of the indoor blower fan 7f based on the operation signal from the operation unit 26, the detection signal from the sensors, and the like.
  • the control unit 30 may be provided in the housing of the indoor unit 1 or may be provided in the housing of the outdoor unit 2.
  • a solid line arrow indicates the flow direction of the refrigerant during the cooling operation.
  • the refrigerant flow path switching device 4 switches the refrigerant flow path as indicated by a solid line, and the refrigerant circuit is configured so that the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant flows through the indoor heat exchanger 7.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 3 first flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 5 via the refrigerant flow switching device 4.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 5 functions as a condenser. That is, in the outdoor heat exchanger 5, heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant circulating in the interior and the air (outside air) blown by the outdoor blower fan 5f, and the heat of condensation of the refrigerant is radiated to the blown air. Thereby, the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 5 is condensed and becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows into the decompression device 6 and is decompressed to become a low-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
  • the low-pressure two-phase refrigerant flows into the indoor heat exchanger 7 of the indoor unit 1 via the extension pipe 10b.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 7 functions as an evaporator. That is, in the indoor heat exchanger 7, heat exchange is performed between the refrigerant circulating in the interior and the air (indoor air) blown by the indoor blower fan 7f, and the evaporation heat of the refrigerant is absorbed from the blown air.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the indoor heat exchanger 7 evaporates to become a low-pressure gas refrigerant or a two-phase refrigerant. Further, the air blown by the indoor blower fan 7f is cooled by the endothermic action of the refrigerant.
  • the low-pressure gas refrigerant or two-phase refrigerant evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger 7 is sucked into the compressor 3 via the extension pipe 10a and the refrigerant flow switching device 4.
  • the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 3 is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant. In the cooling operation, the above cycle is repeated.
  • the refrigerant flow path switching device 4 switches the refrigerant flow paths as indicated by dotted lines, and the refrigerant circuit is configured so that the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows through the indoor heat exchanger 7.
  • the refrigerant flows in the opposite direction to that during the cooling operation, and the indoor heat exchanger 7 functions as a condenser.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view showing an external configuration of the indoor unit 1 of the air-conditioning apparatus according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view schematically showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 1 (with the front panel removed).
  • FIG. 4 is a side view schematically showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 1. The left side in FIG. 4 shows the front side (indoor side) of the indoor unit 1.
  • the indoor unit 1 a floor-standing indoor unit 1 installed on the floor surface of the room that is the air-conditioning target space is illustrated.
  • the positional relationship for example, vertical relationship etc.
  • the indoor unit 1 includes a casing 111 having a vertically long rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • a suction port 112 for sucking indoor air is formed in the lower front portion of the housing 111.
  • the suction port 112 of this example is provided below the center portion in the vertical direction of the casing 111 and at a position near the floor surface.
  • An air outlet 113 that blows out air sucked from the air inlet 112 into the room is formed in the upper part of the front surface of the casing 111, that is, at a position higher than the air inlet 112.
  • the air outlet 113 of this example is provided above the center part in the up-down direction of the housing 111.
  • An operation unit 26 is provided on the front surface of the casing 111 above the suction port 112 and below the air outlet 113.
  • the operation unit 26 is connected to the control unit 30 via a communication line, and data communication with the control unit 30 is possible.
  • an operation start operation, an operation end operation, an operation mode switching, a set temperature, a set air volume, and the like of the indoor unit 1 (air conditioner) are performed by a user operation.
  • the operation unit 26 may be provided with a display unit, an audio output unit, and the like that notify the user of information.
  • the housing 111 is a hollow box, and a front opening is formed on the front surface of the housing 111.
  • the casing 111 includes a first front panel 114a, a second front panel 114b, and a third front panel 114c that are detachably attached to the front opening.
  • the first front panel 114a, the second front panel 114b, and the third front panel 114c all have a substantially rectangular flat plate-like outer shape.
  • the first front panel 114a is detachably attached to the lower portion of the front opening of the casing 111.
  • the suction port 112 is formed in the first front panel 114a.
  • the second front panel 114b is disposed adjacent to and above the first front panel 114a, and is detachably attached to the central portion of the front opening of the housing 111 in the vertical direction.
  • the operation unit 26 is provided on the second front panel 114b.
  • the third front panel 114c is disposed adjacent to and above the second front panel 114b, and is detachably attached to the upper portion of the front opening of the housing 111.
  • the above-described air outlet 113 is formed in the third front panel 114c.
  • the internal space of the housing 111 is roughly divided into a lower space 115a that serves as a blower section and an upper space 115b that is located above the lower space 115a and serves as a heat exchange section.
  • the lower space 115a and the upper space 115b are partitioned by the partition portion 20.
  • the partition part 20 has a flat plate shape, for example, and is arranged substantially horizontally.
  • the partition portion 20 is formed with at least an air passage opening 20a serving as an air passage between the lower space 115a and the upper space 115b.
  • the lower space 115a is exposed to the front surface side by removing the first front panel 114a from the housing 111, and the upper space 115b is configured such that the second front panel 114b and the third front panel 114c are removed from the housing 111. By removing it, it is exposed to the front side. That is, the height at which the partition portion 20 is installed substantially matches the height of the upper end of the first front panel 114a (or the lower end of the second front panel 114b).
  • the partition portion 20 may be formed integrally with a fan casing 108 described later, or may be formed integrally with a drain pan described later, or as a separate body from the fan casing 108 and the drain pan. It may be formed.
  • an indoor blower fan 7f that generates an air flow from the inlet 112 to the outlet 113 is disposed.
  • the indoor blower fan 7f of this example is a sirocco fan that includes a motor (not shown) and an impeller 107 that is connected to an output shaft of the motor and has a plurality of blades arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • the rotating shaft of the impeller 107 (motor output shaft) is arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the depth direction of the casing 111.
  • the impeller 107 of the indoor blower fan 7 f is covered with a spiral fan casing 108.
  • the fan casing 108 and the indoor blower fan 7f of this example are arranged at the back side (back side) of the lower space 115a, that is, at a position separated from the suction port 112.
  • the fan casing 108 is formed separately from the casing 111, for example.
  • a suction opening 108b for sucking blown air is formed in the vicinity of the spiral center of the fan casing 108.
  • the suction opening 108 b is disposed so as to face the suction port 112. Further, in the tangential direction of the spiral of the fan casing 108, a blowout opening 108a for blowing out the blown air is formed.
  • the blowout opening 108 a is arranged so as to face upward, and is connected to the upper space 115 b through the air passage opening 20 a of the partition part 20. In other words, the blowout opening 108a communicates with the upper space 115b through the air passage opening 20a.
  • the opening end of the outlet opening 108a and the opening end of the air passage opening 20a may be directly connected or indirectly connected via a duct member or the like. Since the fan casing 108 is disposed below the partition portion 20, the inside of the fan casing 108 is a part of the lower space 115a. At least the inside of the fan casing 108 in the lower space 115 a constitutes a part of the air passage space 81.
  • the air passage space 81 is an internal space of the casing 111, which is a space serving as an air passage for the air from the suction port 112 toward the air outlet 113, or a space communicating with the space.
  • the air passage passing through the blowout opening 108a and the air passage opening 20a is substantially the only route that allows the lower space 115a and the upper space 115b to communicate with each other inside the housing 111.
  • an electrical component box 25 in which a microcomputer constituting the control unit 30 and the like, various electrical components, a substrate and the like are accommodated is provided.
  • the upper space 115b is located downstream of the lower space 115a in the air flow generated by the indoor blower fan 7f.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 7 is disposed in the air passage space 81 in the upper space 115b.
  • a drain pan (not shown) that receives condensed water condensed on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 7 is provided below the indoor heat exchanger 7.
  • the drain pan may be formed as a part of the partition part 20, or may be formed separately from the partition part 20 and disposed on the partition part 20.
  • a part of the partitioning portion 20 near the indoor pipes 9a and 9b and the extension pipes 10a and 10b is formed with a container-like recess 130 having a concave on the upper space 115b side and a convex on the lower space 115a side.
  • the space in the recess 130 is a part of the upper space 115b, but is lower than the height of the upper end of the first front panel 114a (the lower end of the second front panel 114b).
  • An opening is formed on the front side of the recess 130, and a lid 131 that can be attached and detached using a screw or the like is provided in the opening. When the lid 131 is removed, the space in the recess 130 is exposed to the front side through the opening. On the other hand, when the lid 131 is attached, the front side of the recess 130 is sealed.
  • the joint portions 15a and 15b are disposed in a space in the recess 130. That is, the joint portions 15a and 15b are disposed below the upper end of the first front panel 114a. Thereby, the joint parts 15a and 15b can be exposed to the front side by removing the first front panel 114a and further removing the lid 131.
  • refrigerant detection means 99 for detecting refrigerant leakage is provided inside the fan casing 108 and above the indoor blower fan 7f (for example, above the impeller 107).
  • the refrigerant detection unit 99 detects, for example, the refrigerant concentration in the air around the refrigerant detection unit 99 and outputs a detection signal to the control unit 30.
  • the control unit 30 the presence or absence of refrigerant leakage is determined based on the detection signal from the refrigerant detection means 99.
  • a gas sensor for example, a semiconductor gas sensor, a hot wire semiconductor gas sensor, or the like.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view schematically showing the configuration of the indoor heat exchanger 7 and its peripheral components.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 7 of this example has a plurality of fins 70 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and a plurality of fins 70 that pass through the refrigerant.
  • It is a plate fin tube type heat exchanger having a plurality of heat transfer tubes 71.
  • the heat transfer tube 71 includes a plurality of hairpin tubes 72 each having a long straight tube portion that penetrates the plurality of fins 70 and a plurality of U vent tubes 73 that allow the plurality of hairpin tubes 72 to communicate with each other.
  • the hairpin tube 72 and the U vent tube 73 are joined by a brazed portion W (an example of a joined portion).
  • the brazed portion W is indicated by a black circle.
  • the number of the heat transfer tubes 71 may be one or plural.
  • the number of the hairpin tubes 72 constituting one heat transfer tube 71 may be one or plural.
  • a cylindrical header main pipe 61 is connected to the indoor pipe 9a on the gas side.
  • a plurality of header branch pipes 62 are branched and connected to the header main pipe 61.
  • One end 71 a of the heat transfer tube 71 is connected to each of the plurality of header branch tubes 62.
  • a plurality of indoor refrigerant branch pipes 63 are branched and connected to the liquid side indoor pipe 9b.
  • the other end 71 b of the heat transfer pipe 71 is connected to each of the plurality of indoor refrigerant branch pipes 63.
  • the indoor refrigerant branch pipe 63 and the heat transfer pipe 71 are joined by a brazing part W (an example of a joining part).
  • the brazed portion W of the indoor heat exchanger 7 (here, the indoor pipe 9a, the header main pipe 61, the header branch pipe 62, the indoor refrigerant branch pipe 63, and the indoor pipe 9b). (Including the brazing portion W of peripheral parts such as) is disposed in the air passage space 81 in the upper space 115b.
  • the joint portion 15a connecting the indoor pipe 9a and the extension pipe 10a and the joint portion 15b connecting the indoor pipe 9b and the extension pipe 10b are also formed in the air passage space 81 in the upper space 115b. Has been placed.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the refrigerant leakage detection process executed by the control unit 30. This refrigerant leak detection process is repeatedly executed at predetermined time intervals at all times including during operation and stop of the air conditioner or only when the air conditioner is stopped.
  • control unit 30 acquires information on the refrigerant concentration around the refrigerant detection means 99 based on the detection signal from the refrigerant detection means 99.
  • step S2 it is determined whether or not the refrigerant concentration around the refrigerant detection means 99 is equal to or higher than a preset threshold value. If it is determined that the refrigerant concentration is greater than or equal to the threshold value, the process proceeds to step S3, and if it is determined that the refrigerant concentration is less than the threshold value, the process ends.
  • step S3 the operation of the indoor fan 7f is started.
  • the indoor fan 7f is already in operation, the operation is continued as it is.
  • step S ⁇ b> 3 the user may be notified that the refrigerant has leaked using a display unit, an audio output unit, or the like provided in the operation unit 26.
  • a flammable refrigerant such as R32, HFO-1234yf, HFO-1234ze, R290, R1270, or the like is used as the refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle 40.
  • the indoor refrigerant concentration may increase and a combustible concentration region may be formed.
  • combustible refrigerants have a density higher than that of air at atmospheric pressure (for example, the temperature is room temperature (25 ° C.)). Therefore, if the refrigerant leaks at a position where the height from the indoor floor is relatively high, the leaked refrigerant diffuses while descending, and the refrigerant concentration becomes uniform in the indoor space. It is hard to get high. On the other hand, when the refrigerant leaks at a position where the height from the indoor floor surface is low, the leaked refrigerant stays at a low position near the floor surface, so the refrigerant concentration tends to increase locally. Thereby, possibility that a combustible concentration range will be formed will increase relatively.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 7 (the brazing portion W) and the joint portions 15a and 15b are more than the air passage space 81 in the upper space 115b, that is, the fan casing 108 disposed in the lower space 115a. It is arranged in the upper air passage space 81. Further, the blowout opening 108 a of the fan casing 108 is connected to the air passage opening 20 a of the partition part 20.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 is arranged inside the fan casing 108, the refrigerant concentration around the refrigerant detection means 99 can be quickly increased, and the leakage of the refrigerant can be made faster and more easily. It can be detected reliably. Thereby, the response
  • the position where the refrigerant leaks into the room tends to be a low position near the floor surface, and the leaked refrigerant tends to stay at a low position near the floor surface to form a combustible concentration range. Therefore, it is particularly effective.
  • the entire amount of the leaked refrigerant can be caused to flow into the fan casing 108.
  • one refrigerant detection means 99 is provided in the fan casing 108, it is not necessary to provide the refrigerant detection means 99 at each of a plurality of locations where there is a possibility of refrigerant leakage. And it can detect more reliably. Therefore, since the number of the refrigerant
  • the indoor air blowing fan 7f (impeller 107) provided with the several blade
  • coolant which flowed down in the fan casing 108 of the several blade of the indoor air blowing fan 7f is carried out. While colliding with the surface, it flows downward while diverting into a plurality of flow paths partitioned by a plurality of wings. For this reason, when the refrigerant that has flowed down into the fan casing 108 reaches the indoor blowing fan 7f, the refrigerant concentration decreases due to diffusion into the air.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 is disposed above the indoor blower fan 7f, a high-concentration refrigerant before being diffused can be detected.
  • the joint portions 15a and 15b are disposed in the upper space 115b, but are disposed below the upper end of the first front panel 114a. For this reason, the joint parts 15a and 15b are exposed to the front side by removing the first front panel 114a and the lid 131.
  • the electrical component box 25 is also disposed below the upper end of the first front panel 114a. Therefore, in the present embodiment, since the electrical wiring and the refrigerant pipe can be connected and removed without removing the second front panel 114b, the indoor unit 1 can be easily installed, repaired, or removed. be able to. Further, in a normal use state where the lid 131 is attached to the recess 130, the front side of the recess 130 is sealed.
  • the air passage opening 20a and the blowout opening are made without diverting substantially the entire amount of the leaked refrigerant to other paths inside the casing 111. It can flow into the fan casing 108 through 108a.
  • FIG. 7 is a front view schematically showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 1 according to the first modification of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a side view schematically showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 1.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 is connected to the blowing opening 108 a of the fan casing 108 (for example, near the opening end of the blowing opening 108 a, the air passage opening 20 a of the partition 20. Near the open end, etc.) and close to the joint portions 15a and 15b.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 is not the inside of the fan casing 108 but the opening (for example, the blowout). Since the opening 108a) is provided, it is not necessary to insert the hand into the fan casing 108 when the refrigerant detecting means 99 is attached, and the effect of improving the attachment of the refrigerant detecting means 99 can be obtained. Moreover, since the refrigerant
  • FIG. 9 is a front view schematically showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 1 according to the second modification of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a side view schematically showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 1.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 is provided in the suction opening 108b of the fan casing 108 (for example, near the opening end of the suction opening 108b, the opening end of the suction opening 108b, and the suction opening). 112 and the like below the space etc.).
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 is the wake of the indoor blower fan 7f (the impeller 107 (blade)) in the outflow path of the leaked refrigerant from the upper space 115b to the outside of the casing 111 (suction port 112).
  • the refrigerant concentration decreases due to diffusion in the indoor blower fan 7f (the impeller 107 (blade)) after flowing out of the lower space 115a from the suction opening 108b and further out of the casing 111 from the suction port 112. Therefore, according to the configuration of the second modification, the same effect as the configuration shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 can be obtained.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 is provided not in the fan casing 108 but in the opening (for example, the suction opening 108b). It is not necessary to put the hand into the fan casing 108 during the mounting operation of the detection means 99, and the effect that the mounting performance of the refrigerant detection means 99 can be further improved is obtained. Furthermore, since the refrigerant
  • the suction port 112 is formed in the lower portion of the casing 111 and the air outlet 113 is formed above the suction port 112.
  • the air outlet 113 lower opening
  • the suction port 112 upper opening
  • the upper space 115b in which the indoor heat exchanger 7 is arranged is upstream of the lower space 115a in which the indoor blowing fan 7f and the fan casing 108 are arranged in the flow of the blowing air.
  • the fan casing 108 is provided such that the suction opening 108b communicates with the upper space 115b and the blowout opening 108a faces the blowout opening 113 (lower opening).
  • FIG. 11 is a front view schematically showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 1 of the air-conditioning apparatus according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a side view schematically showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 1.
  • symbol is attached
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 of the present embodiment is configured such that the space between the suction opening 108b and the suction port 112 in the lower space 115a (that is, the fan casing in the lower space 115a). 108). That is, in the present embodiment, similar to the second modification of the first embodiment, the refrigerant detection means 99 is provided on the downstream side of the indoor blowing fan 7f in the outflow path of the leaked refrigerant. It should be noted that the arrangement position of the refrigerant detection means 99 is desirably closer to the lower part of the space.
  • the refrigerant leaked in the upper space 115b flows into the lower space 115a through the fan casing 108. Thereafter, the leaked refrigerant flows out of the casing 111 from the lower space 115a through the suction port 112. As described above, the refrigerant concentration decreases due to diffusion in the indoor blower fan 7f (impeller 107 (blade)) from the suction opening 108b to the lower space 115a, and further from the suction port 112 to the outside of the casing 111. After that.
  • coolant detection means 99 does not need to be restricted to the inside of the fan casing 108, the blowing opening part 108a, or the suction opening part 108b, What is necessary is just in the lower space 115a.
  • the space between the suction opening 108b and the suction port 112 in the lower space 115a can be a main outflow path for the leaked refrigerant, and is therefore suitable as the arrangement position of the refrigerant detection means 99.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 is provided at the same height as or below the lower opening 108b1 of the suction opening 108b in the space between the suction opening 108b and the suction opening 112.
  • a refrigerant having a density higher than that of air is used under atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the leaked refrigerant that flows out from the vicinity of the lower opening 108b1 of the suction opening 108b is between the suction opening 108b and the suction port 112. This is because it flows down below the space.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 is provided at the same height as or below the lower opening 112a of the suction port 112 in the space between the suction opening 108b and the suction port 112.
  • the opening lower end 112 a is provided above the bottom surface portion 111 a of the casing 111.
  • a small-volume recess having an upper opening is formed between the lower opening 108b1 of the suction opening 108b and the lower opening 112a of the suction port 112.
  • a refrigerant having a density higher than that of air is used under atmospheric pressure, so that only a part of the leaked refrigerant stays in the recess without flowing out of the housing 111. Therefore, by providing the refrigerant detection means 99 in the concave portion, it is possible to more reliably detect refrigerant leakage. In addition, since the amount of the refrigerant
  • the lower space 115a may be used instead of the upper space 115b. Since the refrigerant has a density higher than that of air under atmospheric pressure, the refrigerant leaks in the same manner as described above even if the joint portions 15a and 15b are disposed above the refrigerant detection means 99 in the lower space 115a. Can be detected more reliably.
  • FIG. 13 is a front view schematically showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 1 of the air-conditioning apparatus according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a side view schematically showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 1.
  • symbol is attached
  • the partition portion 20 has a flat plate shape, and the concave portion 130 as shown in FIGS. 20 is different from the indoor unit 1 of the first embodiment in that it is not formed at 20.
  • the joint portions 15a and 15b are arranged in the upper space 115b. 13 and 14, the refrigerant detection means 99 is provided inside the fan casing 108 and above the indoor blower fan 7f.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 is shown in FIGS. It may be provided in such a position. According to the present embodiment, the same effect as in the first or second embodiment can be obtained.
  • FIG. 15 is a front view schematically showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 1 of the air-conditioning apparatus according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a side view schematically showing the internal structure of the indoor unit 1.
  • symbol is attached
  • a part of the refrigerant pipe (the indoor pipes 9 a and 9 b and the extension pipes 10 a and 10 b) is formed on a part of the side wall of the blowout opening 108 a of the fan casing 108.
  • a bulging portion 132 bulging so as to be included is formed.
  • An opening is formed on the front side of the bulging portion 132, and a lid 133 that can be attached and detached using screws or the like is provided in the opening.
  • the lid 133 is removed, the space in the bulging portion 132 is exposed to the front side through the opening.
  • the lid 133 is attached, the front side of the bulging portion 132 is sealed.
  • the bulging portion 132 is located in the lower space 115a, like the other portions of the fan casing 108.
  • the joint portions 15a and 15b are disposed in a space in the bulging portion 132.
  • the space in the bulging part 132 is a part of the space in the fan casing 108 and a part of the lower space 115a. That is, the joint portions 15a and 15b are disposed below the upper end of the first front panel 114a. Thereby, the joint parts 15a and 15b can be exposed to the front side by removing the first front panel 114a and further removing the lid 133.
  • the joint portions 15a and 15b are disposed above the impeller 107 (blade) and the refrigerant detection means 99 of the indoor blower fan 7f. 15 and 16, the refrigerant detection means 99 is provided inside the fan casing 108 and above the indoor blower fan 7f.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 is shown in FIGS. It may be provided in such a position.
  • the air-conditioning apparatus includes the refrigeration cycle 40 that circulates the refrigerant through the refrigerant pipe, and the outdoor unit that houses at least the compressor 3 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5 of the refrigeration cycle 40. 2 and an indoor unit 1 that houses at least the indoor heat exchanger 7 of the refrigeration cycle 40 and is connected to the outdoor unit 2 via extension pipes 10a and 10b that are part of the refrigerant pipe.
  • the refrigerant has a density higher than that of air under atmospheric pressure
  • the indoor unit 1 includes a housing 111 and an upper space 115b in which the indoor heat exchanger 7 is disposed inside the housing 111.
  • a fan casing 108 that covers the fan 7f and is formed with a blowout opening 108a and a suction opening 108b, and a refrigerant detection means 99.
  • One of the blowout opening 108a or the suction opening 108b communicates with the upper space 115b, and the refrigerant detection means 99 is provided in the lower space 115a.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 may be provided in the inside of the fan casing 108, the blowout opening 108a, or the suction opening 108b in the lower space 115a.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 may be disposed above the indoor blower fan 7f in the lower space 115a.
  • the casing 111 is disposed above the lower opening (in this example, the suction inlet 112) serving as one of the suction port or the air outlet and the lower opening.
  • an upper opening in this example, the air outlet 113 which is the other of the air inlet or the air outlet, and the refrigerant detecting means 99 is the air outlet 108a or the air inlet in the lower space 115a. It may be provided in the space between the other part 108b (in this example, the suction opening 108b) and the lower opening.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 includes the other of the blowout opening or the suction opening (in this example, the suction opening 108b) and the lower opening (in this example, the suction port 112). ) May be provided at the same height as or lower than the lower opening 108b1 of the other of the blowout opening or the suction opening (in this example, the suction opening 108b).
  • the lower opening 112a of the lower opening (in this example, the suction port 112) may be provided above the bottom surface 111a of the housing 111.
  • the refrigerant detection means 99 may be provided at the same height as or below the lower opening 112a of the lower opening (in this example, the suction port 112). .
  • the indoor unit 1 further includes a partition portion 20 that partitions the upper space 115b and the lower space 115a, and the partition portion 20 includes the upper space 115b and the lower space 115a.
  • An air passage opening 20a serving as an air passage between the air outlet and one of the blowout opening and the suction opening (the blowout opening 108a in this example) is an upper space through the air passage opening 20a. 115b may be communicated.
  • joint part 15a, 15b is upper part. It may be arranged in the space 115b.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 7 and the extension pipes 10a and 10b are connected via joint portions 15a and 15b, and the joint portions 15a and 15b It may be provided above the blower fan 7 f and the refrigerant detection means 99.
  • a front opening is formed on the front surface of the housing 111, and the housing 111 is detachably attached to at least a lower portion of the front opening.
  • 1 front panel 114a and a second front panel 114b that is detachably attached to a portion of the front opening above the lower part, and the joint portions 15a and 15b are provided with the first front panel 114a. It may be provided below the upper end of.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 7 may have a joint part (for example, a brazing part W) between the pipes that is a part of the refrigerant flow path.
  • the air conditioner according to the above embodiment further includes a control unit 30 that controls the indoor blower fan 7f based on the detection signal of the refrigerant detection means 99, and the control unit 30 detects refrigerant leakage.
  • the indoor fan 7f may be operated.
  • the indoor unit 1 may be a floor-standing type installed on the floor surface of the room.
  • the refrigerant may be a combustible refrigerant.
  • a sirocco fan is used as an example of the indoor blower fan 7f. It can also be used.
  • a cylindrical fan casing is used. The axial end of the fan casing may be formed in a bell mouth shape.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 7 (brazing part W) and the joint parts 15a and 15b were all mentioned as the example of the structure arrange
  • at least the indoor heat exchanger 7 was mentioned.
  • the joint portions 15a and 15b may be disposed in the lower space 115a. According to this configuration, when the refrigerant leaks at least in the brazing portion W, the refrigerant leak can be detected earlier and more reliably.
  • the suction inlet 112 was formed in the lower part of the housing
  • casing 111 and the blower outlet 113 was formed upwards as an example, the up-and-down relationship of the suction inlet 112 and the blower outlet 113 was mentioned. May be reversed. That is, the air outlet 113 may be formed on the lower space 115a side of the casing 111, and the air inlet 112 may be formed on the upper space 115b side.
  • the upper space 115b in which the indoor heat exchanger 7 is arranged is upstream of the lower space 115a in which the indoor blowing fan 7f and the fan casing 108 are arranged in the flow of the blowing air.
  • the fan casing 108 is provided such that the suction opening 108b communicates with the upper space 115b. Also with this configuration, the same effect as the above embodiment can be obtained.
  • the air passage space 81 does not have a concave portion (a concave portion with an upper opening) serving as a stagnant portion of the leaked refrigerant. Moreover, when such a recessed part exists, the one where the volume of a recessed part is smaller is desirable.
  • a flammable refrigerant is used as an example of the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant has a higher density than air at atmospheric pressure, the refrigerant leaks faster regardless of the flammability of the refrigerant. And it can detect more reliably.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Air Filters, Heat-Exchange Apparatuses, And Housings Of Air-Conditioning Units (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil d'intérieur (1) comprenant un boîtier (111), une cavité supérieure (115b) dans laquelle un échangeur de chaleur intérieur (7) est disposé dans le boîtier (111), une cavité inférieure (115a) disposée au-dessous de la cavité supérieure (115b) dans le boîtier (111), un ventilateur intérieur (7f) disposé dans la cavité inférieure (115a), un carter de ventilateur (108) disposé dans la cavité inférieure (115a) pour recouvrir le ventilateur intérieur (7f), le carter de ventilateur (108) ayant une ouverture de soufflage (108a) et une ouverture d'aspiration (108b) formée dessus, et un moyen de détection de fluide de refroidissement (99), l'ouverture de soufflage (108a) étant reliée à la cavité supérieure (115b), et le moyen de détection de fluide de refroidissement (99) étant disposé dans la cavité inférieure (115a).
PCT/JP2015/054303 2014-07-15 2015-02-17 Appareil de climatisation WO2016009667A1 (fr)

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DE112015003288.6T DE112015003288B4 (de) 2014-07-15 2015-02-17 Klimaanlage
CN201520382326.5U CN204787071U (zh) 2014-07-15 2015-06-04 空调装置
CN201510302999.XA CN105318508B (zh) 2014-07-15 2015-06-04 空调装置

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JP2015013649A JP5865529B1 (ja) 2014-07-15 2015-01-27 空気調和装置

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JP5918399B2 (ja) * 2014-07-08 2016-05-18 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和装置
JP2017172910A (ja) * 2016-03-25 2017-09-28 株式会社富士通ゼネラル 空気調和機
WO2017187618A1 (fr) * 2016-04-28 2017-11-02 三菱電機株式会社 Appareil à cycle frigorifique
CN109073262B (zh) * 2016-05-13 2020-08-07 三菱电机株式会社 空气调和机
JP6121075B1 (ja) * 2016-05-17 2017-04-26 三菱電機株式会社 冷凍サイクル装置
JP6727421B2 (ja) * 2017-04-24 2020-07-22 三菱電機株式会社 冷媒検知装置及び空気調和装置の室内機
JP7176175B2 (ja) * 2017-06-30 2022-11-22 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和機
JP6958627B2 (ja) * 2017-10-18 2021-11-02 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和機
WO2019198203A1 (fr) * 2018-04-12 2019-10-17 三菱電機株式会社 Climatiseur
DE202023103254U1 (de) 2023-06-13 2024-06-07 Faiveley Transport Leipzig Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Detektion von austretendem Kältemittel aus einem Klimakompaktgerät für ein Schienenfahrzeug

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JP2002276973A (ja) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 床置型空気調和装置
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JP5865529B1 (ja) 2016-02-17
CN105318508A (zh) 2016-02-10
DE112015003288T5 (de) 2017-04-06

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