WO2016008109A1 - 上肢康复机器人系统 - Google Patents

上肢康复机器人系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016008109A1
WO2016008109A1 PCT/CN2014/082270 CN2014082270W WO2016008109A1 WO 2016008109 A1 WO2016008109 A1 WO 2016008109A1 CN 2014082270 W CN2014082270 W CN 2014082270W WO 2016008109 A1 WO2016008109 A1 WO 2016008109A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rehabilitation
training
computer
patient
rehabilitation robot
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/082270
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
侯增广
彭亮
王卫群
程龙
边桂彬
谢晓亮
谭民
胡进
陈翼雄
彭龙
Original Assignee
中国科学院自动化研究所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中国科学院自动化研究所 filed Critical 中国科学院自动化研究所
Priority to CN201480000563.9A priority Critical patent/CN104363982B/zh
Priority to US15/326,132 priority patent/US10596056B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2014/082270 priority patent/WO2016008109A1/zh
Publication of WO2016008109A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016008109A1/zh

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Classifications

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    • A63B71/06—Indicating or scoring devices for games or players, or for other sports activities
    • A63B71/0619—Displays, user interfaces and indicating devices, specially adapted for sport equipment, e.g. display mounted on treadmills
    • A63B71/0622—Visual, audio or audio-visual systems for entertaining, instructing or motivating the user
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    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00—Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61H1/00—Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02—Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H1/00—Apparatus for passive exercising; Vibrating apparatus; Chiropractic devices, e.g. body impacting devices, external devices for briefly extending or aligning unbroken bones
    • A61H1/02—Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising
    • A61H1/0274—Stretching or bending or torsioning apparatus for exercising for the upper limbs
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    • A63B21/00178—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices for active exercising, the apparatus being also usable for passive exercising
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    • A63B21/005—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters
    • A63B21/0058—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters using motors
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
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    • A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
    • A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
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    • A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medical instruments, and in particular to an upper limb rehabilitation robot system. Background technique
  • Robot-assisted rehabilitation training can save a lot of manpower and material resources, and can quantitatively evaluate the patient's rehabilitation level in real time, and carry out training according to the patient's rehabilitation status.
  • the current rehabilitation robots are mainly passive training equipment, and can not achieve real-time interaction with patients, resulting in poor rehabilitation and patient experience. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an upper limb rehabilitation robot system for providing the upper limb rehabilitation robot system in various ways, which can improve the training enthusiasm of the patient and improve the recovery efficiency.
  • the present invention provides an upper limb rehabilitation robot system, the system comprising a computer and a rehabilitation robot;
  • the computer is configured to perform information interaction with the rehabilitation robot, record training information, and send a control instruction to the rehabilitation robot; and display a virtual training environment, provide visual feedback of rehabilitation training, and display control interface and rehabilitation training information;
  • the rehabilitation robot is connected to the computer as a system actuator for receiving the computer control command, completing motion control and terminal power output, and transmitting sensing to the computer Data.
  • the upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention can provide various methods of active and passive training for upper limb rehabilitation, which can improve the enthusiasm of the patient and improve the efficiency of rehabilitation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a computer connection of an upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of the upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a motion mechanism and a transmission mechanism of an upper limb rehabilitation robot system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a passive training mode of an upper limb rehabilitation robot system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an active training mode of an upper limb rehabilitation robot system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an active and passive training mode of an upper limb rehabilitation robot system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a dual rehabilitation robot training mode of an upper limb rehabilitation robot system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of interaction training of multiple rehabilitation robots of an upper limb rehabilitation robot system according to the present invention
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of remote interactive training of the multi-rehabilitation robot system of the upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention.
  • the invention combines the rehabilitation robot and the virtual training environment, and can provide a variety of ways of upper body rehabilitation and active and passive training, can improve the patient's training enthusiasm, improve the efficiency of rehabilitation, and has the functions of rehabilitation training and quantitative evaluation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a computer connection of an upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention.
  • the present invention includes a computer 8 and a rehabilitation robot 7.
  • the computer 8 is configured to perform information interaction with the rehabilitation robot 7, record training information, and send control instructions to the rehabilitation robot 7; and display a virtual training environment, provide visual feedback of rehabilitation training, and display control interface and rehabilitation training information. .
  • the rehabilitation robot 7 is connected to the computer as a system actuator for receiving the computer control command, completing motion control and terminal power output, and transmitting sensor data to the computing machine.
  • the Rehabilitation Robot 7 is an actuator that assists the patient in training and can control motion and power output in real time.
  • the computer 8 serves as an information subsystem, and interacts with the rehabilitation robot 7 to record relevant information of the patient training in real time, and simultaneously transmits motion and force output commands to the rehabilitation robot.
  • the motion mechanism is a five-link parallel mechanism that can output force in any direction of motion in a planar workspace.
  • the rope drive is used to amplify the output drive torque of the motor and the magnetic brake and transmit it to the moving mechanism.
  • the patient interacts with the rehabilitation robot through the handle, and the handle is equipped with a touch switch and a vibration motor.
  • the rehabilitation robot is equipped with a controller and a driver that control the motion and force output.
  • the rehabilitation robot can realize the training methods such as active training, passive training and active and passive training by interacting with the computer and combining with the virtual training environment. Through the different interconnection methods of multiple rehabilitation robots, simultaneous training of both upper limbs, simultaneous interaction training of multiple patients or patients with therapists, and network remote rehabilitation training can be achieved.
  • the rehabilitation robot 7 communicates with the computer 8 via the USB interface 2.
  • a computer 8 can be connected to two displays 4, one of which is used to display a virtual training environment to the patient, and the other display 4 is used to display the control interface of the rehabilitation robot and the training information of the patient to the rehabilitation therapist.
  • the rehabilitation robot 7 is the actuator of the entire system, and is in direct contact with the patient 6 during the rehabilitation training to perform energy interaction 10 .
  • the computer 8 is an information system that performs information interaction with the rehabilitation robot 7 to record the patient's rehabilitation training information, send rehabilitation training instructions, and the like.
  • the computer 8 displays the virtual training environment to the patient as visual feedback 14 to guide the patient's training while motivating the patient's training enthusiasm.
  • Rehabilitation therapist 9 through the computer control interface settings
  • the rehabilitation training mode 12 at the same time, the computer 8 automatically records the movement, force and other information of the patient during the training process, and the quantitative evaluation of the patient's rehabilitation level is fed back to the rehabilitation therapist.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the mechanism of the upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention.
  • the rehabilitation machine is a planar two-degree-of-freedom structure, and interacts with the patient by controlling the end handle 15.
  • the patient's hand holds the rehabilitation robot end handle 15 to interact with the rehabilitation robot.
  • the rehabilitation robot records the patient's movement position through the position sensors 26, 27, and records the interaction between the patient and the handle 15 through the multi-dimensional force/torque sensor 28.
  • the motors 16, 17 and the magnetic brakes 18, 19 act as a source of power for the rehabilitation robot, driving the motion of the motion mechanism.
  • the magnetic brakes 18, 19 can be selected for hysteresis brakes, magnetic powder brakes or eddy current brakes, which increase the force output capability of the system and contribute to system stability.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the motion mechanism and the transmission mechanism of the upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention.
  • the motion mechanism of the rehabilitation robot is a 5-link parallel plane two-degree-of-freedom structure.
  • the connecting rods 22, 23, 24, 25 and the rotating shafts 29, 30 constitute a 5-link parallel mechanism.
  • the rotating shafts 29, 30 are fixed to the base 60 by bearings, and bearings are mounted in the joints 33 and 34.
  • the handle 15 is equipped with a touch sensor 35, which can detect the contact between the patient's hand and the handle, and stop the movement or force output when the patient leaves the handle to protect the patient.
  • a vibration motor 36 is mounted in the handle, and the patient can be trained to perform vibration training and the like.
  • the rehabilitation robot transmits the driving force to the motion mechanism by means of a rope drive.
  • the wire rope 58 is wound around the motor bushing 31 and the transmission wheel 20 to constitute a transmission mechanism that amplifies the output torque of the motor 16 and the magnetic brake 18, and drives the link 22 to move.
  • the wire rope 59 is wound around the motor bushing 32 and the transmission wheel 21 to constitute a transmission mechanism, and the output torque of the motor 17 and the magnetic brake 19 is amplified, and the drive link 24 is moved.
  • the transmission wheel 20 and the link 22 are fixed by a rotating shaft 29, and the transmission wheel 21 and the link 24 are fixed by a rotating shaft 30.
  • the rope transmission mode has high transmission efficiency and no backlash, and can be driven in the reverse direction.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a passive training mode of the upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention.
  • the upper limb rehabilitation robot system can implement a passive training mode.
  • the robot drives the patient to perform repeated motions of the fixed trajectory.
  • the training trajectory 37 can be a system preset trajectory, and the training trajectory 37 can also be recorded by the rehabilitation therapist 9 through the rehabilitation robot 7 in a teaching manner.
  • the computer 8 sends a motion output command 38 to the rehabilitation robot 7 based on the training trajectory 37, and then the rehabilitation robot 7 completes the motion control, causing the patient 6 to perform repeated training.
  • the rehabilitation robot 7 feeds back to the computer information 39 such as position, force, etc. in the process 10 of interacting with the patient 6.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an active training mode of the upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention.
  • the upper limb rehabilitation robot system can complete active training.
  • the patient 6 actively applies a force 40 to the rehabilitation robot 7, and the rehabilitation robot 7 transmits the position and force information 41 to the computer 8.
  • the computer 8 calculates a desired motion or output force based on the impedance of the virtual training environment and the position and force information 41 of the rehabilitation robot, and transmits a motion or force output command 42 to the rehabilitation robot, and the rehabilitation robot 7 controls the motion or the direction.
  • the patient applies a certain force 43.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the active and passive training modes of the upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention.
  • the active and passive training is a combination of passive training and active training.
  • the training track 37 is specified by the rehabilitation therapist, and the patient 6 applies the main power 40 to the rehabilitation robot 7, and the rehabilitation robot feeds back the position and interaction information 41 to the computer 8 in real time.
  • the computer 8 determines that if the patient motion 41 lags behind the target training trajectory 37, the computer 8 sends a force output command 45 to the rehabilitation robot 7, and a certain assist 44 is applied by the rehabilitation robot 7, causing the patient 7 to move along the training trajectory 37.
  • the computer 8 sends a force output command 45 to the rehabilitation robot 7 to apply a certain resistance 44 by the rehabilitation robot 7. If the patient is not exercising, as in the passive training mode, the patient is moved along the trajectory by the rehabilitation robot. The stronger the patient's own motor control ability, the closer the patient's motion is to the desired motion, and the less assist or resistance the robot applies.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a training mode of a double rehabilitation robot of an upper limb rehabilitation robot system according to the present invention.
  • a computer 46 can connect two rehabilitation robots 47, 48 via USB interfaces 49, 50.
  • a patient can interact with two rehabilitation robots simultaneously with both hands to achieve cooperative rehabilitation training on both sides. It can also be used for two patients to train alone, or two patients to interact with each other, or the therapist to interact with the patient.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the interactive training of multiple rehabilitation robots of the upper limb rehabilitation robot system of the present invention.
  • a computer 51 can be connected with three or more rehabilitation robots 52, 5 3, 54.
  • Each patient can either perform individual training with a rehabilitation robot or interact with multiple therapists or patients.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of remote interactive training of a multi-rehabilitation robot system of an upper limb rehabilitation robot system according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, three or more upper limb rehabilitation robot systems 55, 56, 57 can be connected through a network or the like to achieve a plurality of System remote interactive training.
  • the steps of a method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of both.
  • the software module can be placed in random access memory RAM, memory, read only memory ROM, electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other device known in the art. In the form of storage media.

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Abstract

一种上肢康复机器人系统，包括计算机（8）和康复机器人（7）；计算机（8）用于与康复机器人（7）进行信息交互（11），记录训练信息，向康复机器人（7）发送控制指令；并显示虚拟训练环境，提供康复训练视觉反馈（14），以及显示控制界面和康复训练信息；康复机器人（7）作为系统执行机构，与计算机（8）相连接，用于接收计算机（8）的控制指令，完成运动控制和末端力量输出，同时向计算机（8）发送传感器数据。可以提供多种方式的上肢康复主被动训练，能够提高患者的训练积极性，提高康复的效率。

Description

上肢康复机器人系统
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域， 尤其涉及一种上肢康复机器人系统。 背景技术
随着社会老龄化的加剧， 越来越多的老人由于中风等原因造成上肢瘫 痪， 给日常生活带来非常大的不便。 瘫痪患者可以通过大量的康复训练激 发大脑可塑性， 恢复一定的运动能力， 实现生活自理， 提高生活质量， 最 大程度的回归社会。 机器人辅助康复训练能够节约大量的人力物力， 并能 够对患者康复水平进行实时量化的评估， 根据患者的康复状况循序渐进的 进行训练。 目前的康复机器人以被动训练设备为主， 且无法实现与患者实 时的交互， 导致康复效果和患者的体验比较差。 发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术的缺陷， 提供了一种上肢康复机器人系 统， 提供多种方式的上肢康复主被动训练， 能够提高患者的训练积极性， 提高康复的效率。
为实现上述目的， 本发明提供了一种上肢康复机器人系统， 所述系统包 括计算机和康复机器人；
所述计算机用于与所述康复机器人进行信息交互， 记录训练信息， 向所 述康复机器人发送控制指令； 并显示虚拟训练环境， 提供康复训练视觉反馈， 以及显示控制界面和康复训练信息；
所述康复机器人作为系统执行机构， 与所述计算机相连接， 用于接收所述 计算机控制指令， 完成运动控制和末端力量输出， 同时向所述计算机发送传感 器数据。
本发明上肢康复机器人系统， 可以提供多种方式的上肢康复主被动训 练， 能够提高患者的训练积极性， 提高康复的效率。 附图说明
图 1为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的计算机连接示意图；
图 2为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的示意图；
图 3为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的机构示意图；
图 4为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的运动机构及传动机构示意图； 图 5为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的被动训练模式示意图；
图 6为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的主动训练模式示意图；
图 7为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的主被动训练模式示意图； 图 8为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的双康复机器人训练模式示意图； 图 9为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的多康复机器人交互训练示意图； 图 1 0 为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的多康复机器人系统远程交互训 练示意图。 具体实施方式
下面通过附图和实施例， 对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细描述。 本发明结合康复机器人和虚拟训练环境， 能够提供多种方式的上肢康 复主被动训练， 能够提高患者的训练积极性， 提高康复的效率， 具有康复 训练、 量化评价等功能。
图 1为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的计算机连接示意图， 图 2为本发 明上肢康复机器人系统的示意图， 如图所示， 本发明包括计算机 8和康复 机器人 7。 所述计算机 8用于与所述康复机器人 7进行信息交互， 记录训练信息， 向所述康复机器人 7发送控制指令； 并显示虚拟训练环境， 提供康复训练视 觉反馈， 以及显示控制界面和康复训练信息。
所述康复机器人 7作为系统执行机构， 与所述计算机相连接， 用于接收所 述计算机控制指令， 完成运动控制和末端力量输出， 同时向所述计算 8机发送 传感器数据。
康复机器人 7是辅助患者进行训练的执行机构， 可以实时控制运动和 力量输出。 计算机 8作为信息子系统， 通过与康复机器人 7进行交互， 实 时记录患者训练的相关信息， 同时向康复机器人发送运动和力输出指令。
康复机器人 7运动机构为五连杆并联机构， 能够实现平面工作空间内 的运动的任意方向的力输出。 釆用绳传动的方式， 将电机和磁制动器的输 出驱动扭矩放大， 并传递到运动机构。 患者通过手柄与康复机器人进行交 互， 手柄内装有触摸开关和震动电机。 康复机器人内部装有控制器和驱动 器， 能够控制运动和力输出。 康复机器人通过与计算机进行信息交互， 并 结合虚拟训练环境， 可以实现主动训练、 被动训练和主被动训练等训练方 式。 通过多台康复机器人的不同互联方式， 可以实现双侧上肢同时训练， 多个患者或患者与治疗师同时交互训练， 以及网络远程康复训练。
再如图 1所示， 康复机器人 7通过 USB接口 2与计算机 8通信。 一台 计算机 8可以连接两台显示器 4， 其中一台显示器 4用于向患者显示虚拟 训练环境， 另一台显示器 4用于向康复治疗师显示康复机器人的控制界面 以及患者的训练信息。
再如图 2所示， 康复机器人 7是整个系统的执行机构， 在康复训练过 程中与患者 6直接接触， 进行能量的交互 1 0。 计算机 8是信息系统， 与康 复机器人 7进行信息交互 1 1， 记录患者的康复训练信息， 发送康复训练指 令等。 计算机 8向患者显示虚拟训练环境， 作为视觉反馈 14， 指导患者训 练， 同时激发患者的训练积极性。 康复治疗师 9通过计算机控制界面设置 康复训练模式 12， 同时计算机 8 自动记录训练过程中患者的运动、 力等信 息， 对患者的康复水平进行量化的评价 13反馈给康复治疗师。
图 3为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的机构示意图， 如图所示， 康复机 器人为平面两自由度结构，通过控制末端手柄 15与患者进行交互。 患者手 部握住康复机器人末端手柄 15与康复机器人进行交互，康复机器人通过位 置传感器 26、 27记录患者的运动位置，通过多维力 /力矩传感器 28记录患 者与手柄 15之间的交互力。
电机 16、 17和磁制动器 18、 19作为康复机器人的动力来源， 驱动运 动机构运动。 磁制动器 18、 19可以选择磁滞制动器、 磁粉制动器或涡流制 动器， 可以增加系统的力输出能力， 同时有助于系统的稳定性。
图 4为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的运动机构及传动机构示意图， 如 图所示，康复机器人的运动机构为 5连杆并联平面两自由度结构。连杆 22、 23、 24、 25以及转动轴 29、 30构成 5连杆并联机构。 转动轴 29、 30通过 轴承固定于底座 60上， 关节 33和关节 34内装有轴承。
手柄 15内装有触摸传感器 35， 可以检测患者手部与手柄的接触， 在 患者脱离手柄时中止运动或者力输出， 以保护患者安全。 手柄内装有震动 电机 36， 可以通过震动向患者进行训练提示等操作。
康复机器人通过绳传动的方式将驱动力传递到运动机构。 钢丝绳 58 缠绕在电机轴套 31和传动轮 20上，构成传动机构，放大电机 16和磁制动 器 18的输出扭矩， 驱动连杆 22运动。 钢丝绳 59缠绕在电机轴套 32和传 动轮 21上， 构成传动机构， 放大电机 17和磁制动器 19的输出扭矩， 驱动 连杆 24运动。传动轮 20与连杆 22通过转动轴 29固定，传动轮 21与连杆 24通过转动轴 30固定。 绳传动方式相对于齿轮传动， 传动效率高， 没有 回差， 可以反向驱动； 相对于直驱方式， 可以放大电机和磁制动器输出扭 矩， 对电机 16、 17和磁制动器 18、 19扭矩输出能力要求小， 可以选择尺 寸更小的电机和磁制动器， 减小整个设备的尺寸和成本。 图 5为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的被动训练模式示意图，如图所示， 上肢康复机器人系统可以实现被动训练模式。 在被动训练模式下， 机器人 带动患者进行固定轨迹的重复运动。训练轨迹 37可以为系统预设轨迹，也 可以由康复治疗师 9通过康复机器人 7以示教的方式将训练轨迹 37记录下 来。 计算机 8根据训练轨迹 37向康复机器人 7发送运动输出指令 38， 然 后康复机器人 7完成运动控制， 带动患者 6进行重复训练。在训练过程中， 康复机器人 7向计算机反馈与患者 6交互过程 10中的位置、 力等信息 39。
图 6为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的主动训练模式示意图，如图所示， 上肢康复机器人系统可以完成主动训练。 在主动训练模式下， 由患者 6主 动向康复机器人 7施加力量 40， 康复机器人 7将位置、 力信息 41发送给 计算机 8。 计算机 8根据虚拟训练环境的阻抗以及康复机器人的位置、 力 信息 41， 利用阻抗控制原理， 计算出期望的运动或输出力， 向康复机器人 发送运动或者力输出指令 42，康复机器人 7控制运动或者向患者施加一定 的力 43。
图 7为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的主被动训练模式示意图， 如图所 示， 主被动训练是被动训练与主动训练的结合。 主被动训练模式下， 由康 复治疗师 9指定训练轨迹 37， 患者 6向康复机器人 7施加主动力 40，康复 机器人向计算机 8实时反馈位置、 交互力信息 41。 计算机 8判断， 如果患 者运动 41滞后于目标训练轨迹 37， 则计算机 8向康复机器人 7发送力输 出指令 45， 由康复机器人 7施加一定的助力 44， 带动患者 7沿着训练轨迹 37运动。 当患者运动 41超过目标训练轨迹 37时， 则计算机 8向康复机器 人 7发送力输出指令 45， 由康复机器人 7施加一定的阻力 44。若患者不用 力， 则与被动训练模式一样， 患者由康复机器人带动沿着轨迹运动。 患者 自身的运动控制能力越强， 则患者的运动与期望运动越接近， 机器人施加 的助力或者阻力越小。
图 8为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的双康复机器人训练模式示意图， 如图所示， 一台计算机 46可以通过 USB接口 49、 50连接两台康复机器人 47、 48， 一个患者可以用两只手同时与两台康复机器人交互， 实现两侧上 肢协作康复训练。也可以用于两个患者单独训练， 或者两个患者交互训练， 或者治疗师与患者进行交互训练。
图 9为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的多康复机器人交互训练示意图， 如图所示， 一台计算机 51可以与三台或更多台康复机器人 52、 5 3、 54进 行连接。 每个患者借助康复机器人既可以进行单独训练， 也可以多个患者 或者患者与治疗师进行交互训练。
图 1 0为本发明上肢康复机器人系统的多康复机器人系统远程交互训 练示意图， 如图所示， 三台或者更多台上肢康复机器人系统 55、 56、 57 可以通过网络等方式进行连接， 实现多系统远程交互训练。
专业人员应该还可以进一步意识到， 结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的 各示例的单元及算法步骤， 能够以电子硬件、 计算机软件或者二者的结合来 实现， 为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性， 在上述说明中已经按照功能 一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。 这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来 执行， 取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。 专业技术人员可以对每 个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能， 但是这种实现不应认为 超出本发明的范围。
结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的方法或算法的步骤可以用硬件、 处理 器执行的软件模块， 或者二者的结合来实施。 软件模块可以置于随机存储器 RAM, 内存、 只读存储器 R0M、 电可编程 R0M、 电可擦除可编程 R0M、 寄存器、 硬盘、 可移动磁盘、 CD-R0M、 或技术领域内所公知的任意其它形式的存储介 质中。
以上所述的具体实施方式， 对本发明的目的、 技术方案和有益效果进行 了进一步详细说明， 所应理解的是， 以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施方式而 已， 并不用于限定本发明的保护范围， 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内， 所做 的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种上肢康复机器人系统， 其特征在于， 所述系统包括计算机和康 复机器人；
所述计算机用于与所述康复机器人进行信息交互， 记录训练信息， 向所 述康复机器人发送控制指令； 并显示虚拟训练环境， 提供康复训练视觉反馈， 以及显示控制界面和康复训练信息；
所述康复机器人作为系统执行机构， 与所述计算机相连接， 用于接收所述 计算机控制指令， 完成运动控制和末端力量输出， 同时向所述计算机发送传感 器数据。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于： 所述计算机与康复机器人 通过 USB接口连接， 并进行信息交互； 所述计算机连接两台显示器， 一台显示 器用于向患者显示虚拟训练环境， 提供康复训练视觉反馈， 另一台显示器用于 向康复治疗师显示控制界面和患者的康复训练信息。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于： 所述计算机具体用于实时 记录患者的运动、 力量等康复训练信息， 经过统计处理向患者和康复治疗师提 供量化的康复评价。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于： 所述康复机器人具有控制 器和驱动器， 用于接收计算机指令， 控制运动机构运动和力输出。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于： 所述康复机器人运动具有 五连杆并联结构， 末端装有手柄用于与患者进行交互； 所述手柄内装具有接触 传感器和震动电机， 所述手柄下装有多维力 /力矩传感器。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于： 所述康复机器人由电机和 磁制动器驱动， 通过绳传动的方式驱动运动机构， 所述电机上安装有位置传感 器。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于： 所述计算机连接有两台所 述康复机器人， 用于一名患者两侧肢体同时训练， 或两名患者独立训练及交互 训练， 或者患者与康复治疗师之间的交互训练。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于： 所述计算机连接两台以上 所述康复机器人， 用于多名患者独立训练， 或者多名患者交互训练， 或者多名 患者与康复治疗师之间的交互训练。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的系统， 其特征在于： 两个或者两个以上的所述 上肢康复机器人系统连接在一起， 用于远程的多名患者交互训练， 或者患者与 康复治疗师之间的交互训练 .
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