WO2016006255A1 - 燃料電池システムの制御方法、燃料電池システム、及び電力制御装置 - Google Patents
燃料電池システムの制御方法、燃料電池システム、及び電力制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016006255A1 WO2016006255A1 PCT/JP2015/003492 JP2015003492W WO2016006255A1 WO 2016006255 A1 WO2016006255 A1 WO 2016006255A1 JP 2015003492 W JP2015003492 W JP 2015003492W WO 2016006255 A1 WO2016006255 A1 WO 2016006255A1
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- power
- generation unit
- fuel cell
- power generation
- cell system
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
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- 241000337007 Oceania Species 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
- H01M8/04873—Voltage of the individual fuel cell
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04388—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
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- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04619—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
- H01M8/0488—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control method for a fuel cell system, a fuel cell system, and a power control device.
- Fuel cells generate direct-current power through a chemical reaction between hydrogen extracted by reforming from city gas or propane gas supplied to the home, and oxygen in the air.
- the fuel cell is used in a place where the load fluctuation is severe such as at home, it is difficult to change the gas supply amount following the change speed of the power consumption. If the power generation is performed in a state where the gas is not sufficiently supplied when the load increases, not only the necessary power can be obtained but also the life of the fuel cell may be affected.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a fuel cell system that maintains the output voltage drop rate of the fuel cell module at a predetermined value when the power consumption of the load increases rapidly. This is to prevent a so-called concentration overvoltage in which a voltage drop occurs because the gas is not sufficiently supplied when the load suddenly increases. In this way, by taking out the DC power while keeping the rate of change of the DC output voltage constant, it is possible to supply stable power without the voltage dropping rapidly.
- An object of the present invention made in view of such points is to provide a fuel cell system or the like that can reduce the power purchased from the system even when the load fluctuates.
- a control method of a fuel cell system is a control method of a fuel cell system including a power generation unit and a power control device that controls the power generation unit, and a processing procedure by the power control device Includes a monitoring step of monitoring power consumption of a load device to which the fuel cell system supplies power, a temperature acquisition step of acquiring a temperature in the power generation unit, and a gas filling amount acquisition of acquiring a gas filling amount in the power generation unit And a control step of controlling the change rate of the output voltage of the power generation unit based on the temperature in the power generation unit and the gas filling amount in the power generation unit when the power consumption increases.
- a fuel cell system is a fuel cell system including a power generation unit and a power control device that controls the power generation unit, and the power control device includes the fuel cell system.
- the rate of change of the output voltage of the power generation unit is controlled based on the temperature in the power generation unit and the gas filling amount in the power generation unit.
- the power control device is a power control device that controls a power generation unit, and the power control device has increased power consumption of a load device that supplies power generated by the power generation unit.
- the change rate of the output voltage of the power generation unit is controlled based on the temperature in the power generation unit and the gas filling amount in the power generation unit.
- 1 is a block diagram showing a fuel cell system and peripheral devices according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 2 shows a control flow of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the output current and output voltage of the fuel cell module in the fuel cell system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of control of the output electric power of the fuel cell module in the fuel cell system which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
- a fuel cell system 100 includes a fuel cell module (power generation unit) 101, a gas solenoid valve 2, a gas flow meter 3, a gas pump 4, a fuel cell control unit 7, a power control device 102, A current sensor 11.
- a gas meter 1, a load (load device) 12, a system 13, and gas devices 14a to 14c used together with the fuel cell system 100 are also shown in FIG.
- the fuel cell module 101 in the present embodiment is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC).
- SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
- the fuel cell module 101 is a module that generates power upon receiving gas fuel.
- the fuel cell module 101 includes a cell stack 5 for generating power by reacting fuel gas and air supplied via the gas meter 1, and a heater for heating the cell stack 5 to maintain a temperature suitable for power generation. 6 etc.
- the cell stack 5 is configured by stacking a plurality of power generation cells made of a high heat resistant material such as ceramics.
- the heater 6 is an electric heater that receives power supplied from the fuel cell module 101 or the system 13 and heats the cell stack 5.
- the heater 6 is arranged to increase the temperature of the cell stack 5, but may be configured to also serve as a freeze prevention heater of the fuel cell system 100.
- the gas solenoid valve 2 is a valve that opens and closes the gas supply path to the fuel cell module 101, and has a mechanism for opening and closing the gas supply path using the force of an electromagnet.
- the gas solenoid valve 2 opens and closes the fuel gas supplied to each household via the gas meter 1.
- the gas flow meter 3 is a flow meter for measuring the flow rate of the fuel gas supplied to the fuel cell module 101 via the gas meter 1 and the gas solenoid valve 2.
- the gas flow rate information measured at regular sampling times is transmitted to the fuel cell control unit 7 by communication.
- the gas pump 4 adjusts the flow rate of gas supplied to the fuel cell module 101 by swinging a diaphragm provided inside the pump head.
- the fuel cell control unit 7 to be described later adjusts the gas flow rate supplied to the fuel cell module 101 by controlling the gas pump 4 based on the gas flow rate information obtained from the gas flow meter 3.
- the fuel cell control unit 7 includes a controller that executes a program and a memory that stores the program and various types of information.
- the controller stores a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an input / output circuit, a timer circuit, and the like in one integrated circuit.
- the controller acquires information from the fuel cell module 101 and the like, and executes a program for controlling each functional block.
- the fuel cell control unit 7 acquires various types of information from the gas flow meter 3, the fuel cell module 101, the power control device 102, and the like, as indicated by broken lines in FIG.
- the fuel cell control unit 7 can acquire the temperature of the cell stack 5 from, for example, a temperature sensor in the fuel cell module 101.
- the fuel cell control unit 7 also transmits a control signal indicated by a broken line based on the acquired information, and controls the gas solenoid valve 2, the gas pump 4, the fuel cell module 101, and the like. Note that transmission of various signals indicated by broken lines may be performed by wired communication or wireless communication may be used.
- the power control device 102 converts the power generated by the fuel cell module 101 and supplies it to the load 12.
- the power control apparatus 102 includes a DC / DC converter 8, an inverter 9, and a power control unit 10.
- the DC / DC converter 8 boosts or steps down the direct current power supplied from the fuel cell module 101 while maintaining the direct current, and outputs it to the inverter 9.
- the inverter 9 converts the DC power supplied from the fuel cell module 101 via the DC / DC converter 8 into 100V or 200V AC power and supplies it to the load 12.
- the power control unit 10 controls the DC / DC converter 8 and the inverter 9 so that the output power of the fuel cell system 100 follows the power consumption of the load 12.
- the power control unit 10 also communicates with the fuel cell control unit 7 and acquires various types of information regarding the operating state of the fuel cell module 101 and the like.
- the gas meter 1 is connected in series to a gas pipe that supplies fuel gas to each general household.
- the fuel gas passing through the gas meter 1 is branched into a plurality of paths and supplied to the fuel cell system 100 and the other gas equipments 14a to 14c. With this configuration, the gas meter 1 measures the total gas flow rate consumed in all gas appliances used in the home including the fuel cell system 100.
- the gas appliances 14a to 14c are gas appliances used in general households, such as a gas stove, a gas stove, and a gas water heater. In the present embodiment, three other gas devices are illustrated, but any number of gas devices can be connected.
- the current sensor 11 detects a current flowing between the fuel cell system 100 and the system 13.
- the fuel cell system 100 stops power generation. While the current sensor 11 detects a forward power flow, the fuel cell system 100 performs power generation in a load following operation or a rated operation on the assumption that power can be supplied to the load 12 from itself.
- the load 12 is a load that operates at a single-phase AC 100V or 200V used at home.
- Examples of the load 12 include electric appliances such as a refrigerator, an emergency light, a hot water supply system, or a home network server that should avoid power outages as much as possible, and general household appliances such as a dryer, a home game machine, or an audio system for listening to music.
- load can be any number of electrical devices such as these.
- this invention is not limited to this form. Since a three-phase three-wire 200V is often used for a commercial refrigerator, an air conditioner, or a motor drive in a factory, an inverter for converting to a three-phase 200V may be arranged instead of the inverter 9.
- the load 12 to be connected is described assuming an electrical device that can be used in Japan.
- the load can be appropriately changed in consideration of the use of an electrical device that can be used outside of Japan.
- an inverter capable of outputting AC 220 to 240V may be arranged so that electrical devices usable in Asia, Oceania and Europe can be connected.
- the fuel cell control unit 7 first turns on the heater 6 and periodically acquires information about the temperature of the cell stack 5 from the fuel cell module 101. Then, when the temperature of the cell stack 5 reaches a temperature suitable for power generation of the solid oxide fuel cell (for example, about 700 ° C.), the fuel cell control unit 7 opens the gas electromagnetic valve 2 to the fuel cell module 101. The fuel gas supply starts. As a result, the fuel cell module 101 is activated and starts power generation (step S101).
- a temperature suitable for power generation of the solid oxide fuel cell for example, about 700 ° C.
- the power control apparatus 102 starts the operation of the DC / DC converter 8 and the inverter 9 and controls the output voltage of the inverter 9 to be AC 100V or 200V.
- the fuel cell control unit 7 starts power supply from the fuel cell system 100 to the load 12 (step S102).
- step S102 after the power supply to the load 12 is started, the power control apparatus 102 monitors the output voltage of the fuel cell module 101, and the output voltage lowering speed is a predetermined value: V1 [V / sec. ], Gradually increase the power supplied to the load 12 (step S103).
- V1 [V / sec. ]
- step S103 Gradually increase the power supplied to the load 12
- the voltage drop rate is limited.
- the value of V1 is 0.5 [V / sec. ] Can be employed.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the output current and output voltage of the fuel cell module 101.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell module 101 gradually decreases when the current is increased to increase the output power.
- the power control apparatus 102 gradually increases the output power of the power control apparatus 102 so that the decrease in the output voltage becomes a predetermined voltage drop speed V1.
- the change in the output power of the fuel cell module 101 at that time is, for example, the change shown in the section (1) in FIG.
- the change in the output power in the section (1) is 18 [W / sec. ].
- the power consumption of the load 12 in the section (1) is indicated by a broken line, and the power that cannot be covered by the output of the fuel cell module 101 is supplied from the grid 13.
- the state in which the load following operation is performed is a state in which the generated power is controlled to output power substantially equal to the power consumption of the load 12, for example, as in section (2) in FIG.
- the power control device 102 constantly monitors the detected current of the current sensor 11 and controls the output power of the fuel cell system 100 so that a current in the forward flow direction slightly flows through the current sensor 11. Then, the output power of the fuel cell system 100 is limited so that a reverse power flow from the fuel cell system 100 to the grid 13 does not occur (step S104). Therefore, during the load following operation, the output power of the fuel cell system 100 is slightly smaller than the power consumption of the load 12.
- the power control apparatus 102 communicates with the fuel cell control unit 7, the temperature te [° C.] in the fuel cell module 101, the supplied gas flow rate Gr [L / sec. ], Information about the output power P [W] is acquired (step S105).
- the power control apparatus 102 determines whether or not the output power P of the fuel cell system 100 is equal to or less than the output power target value Pa (step S106).
- the output power target value Pa is determined from the power consumption in the load.
- the power control apparatus 102 determines whether or not the fuel cell module internal temperature te [° C.] is equal to or higher than the fuel cell module internal temperature threshold Te1 [° C.] (step).
- the temperature threshold value Te1 [° C.] in the fuel cell module is a measure of the temperature required to operate the fuel cell efficiently. In the present embodiment, for example, 700 [° C.] can be selected as a temperature suitable for Te1.
- the power control apparatus 102 determines whether or not the fuel filling amount in the fuel cell module 101 is equal to or higher than a predetermined level G1 [L] (step S108). This is because if the generated power is rapidly increased while the fuel filling amount in the fuel cell module 101 is not sufficient (the output voltage drop rate is rapidly increased), the problem of concentration overvoltage occurs. Concentration overvoltage is a phenomenon in which the voltage decreases because the supply and removal of reactants and reaction products at the electrode are slow and the electrode reaction is inhibited.
- the amount of fuel filling is the flow rate Gr [L / sec. ]
- the measurement time Ti [sec. ] Can be calculated as a value obtained by subtracting the amount G used of the fuel cell module 101 at that time.
- the measurement time Ti for example, the time from 10 seconds before detecting the increase in power consumption to the time of detection can be used.
- the fuel usage amount G used can be calculated from, for example, the power generated by the fuel cell module 101 at the time.
- the rate of decrease in the output voltage of the fuel cell module 101 is V2 [V / sec. ]
- V2 is larger than V1
- V2 1.0 [V / sec. ].
- Changes in the output power of the fuel cell module 101 when the voltage drop rate is V2 are, for example, as shown in the sections (3) and (5) of FIG. Although power purchase from the grid 13 is still necessary, the load follow-up operation is reached in about a half of the time, so that the purchased power from the grid 13 can be reduced to about half.
- the power control apparatus 102 maintains the voltage drop rate at V2, and continues the operation until the output power P of the fuel cell module 101 becomes equal to the output power target value Pa or the output power P reaches the rated output (step) S112).
- the power control apparatus 102 sets the voltage decrease rate to V1 (step S115), and the fuel cell If it has not stopped (step S116), it returns to step S104 and continues control. On the other hand, if the fuel cell is in the stopped state in step S116, this control flow ends.
- step S107 when the fuel cell module internal temperature te [° C.] is less than the fuel cell module internal temperature threshold Te1 [° C.], the power control apparatus 102 maintains the voltage decrease rate at V1 (step S109). Similarly, when the fuel filling amount in the fuel cell module 101 is less than the predetermined level G1 [L] in step S108, the power control apparatus 102 similarly maintains the voltage decrease rate at V1 (step S109). .
- the gas flow rate Gr [L / sec. ] Is increased from Gr1 to Gr2 (step S110), for example, after 10 seconds have elapsed (step S111), the voltage drop rate is set to V2 (step S113).
- the subsequent processing is the same as the control flow described above.
- the gas flow rate to the fuel cell module 101 is increased even when the temperature in the fuel cell module 101 does not reach a predetermined temperature, and a predetermined time (10 seconds in the above embodiment) is reached. This is a process for avoiding the problem of concentration overvoltage by allowing the time to elapse. By these processes, the gas filling amount in the fuel cell module 101 becomes equal to or more than a predetermined amount, and the temperature in the fuel cell module 101 is expected to rise to a certain level, so that concentration overvoltage can be avoided.
- the fuel cell module 101 may be operated so as to have a rated output, and surplus power not consumed by the load may be charged to the storage battery or the like.
- the temperature of the fuel cell module 101 and the rate of decrease of the output voltage are set under the condition that the gas filling amount is a certain level or more. I tried to make it bigger. With this configuration, even when the power consumption of the load 12 increases, it is possible to reduce the time until the load follow-up while avoiding the problem of concentration overvoltage. And since the utilization efficiency of a fuel cell can be improved, the electric power purchased from the system
- the gas filling amount in the fuel cell module 101 is calculated from the gas flow rate flowing into the fuel cell module 101 and the gas amount used in the fuel cell module 101.
- the gas flow rate is increased for a predetermined time and then output. Increased the voltage drop rate.
- the computer system and other hardware include, for example, a general-purpose computer, a PC (personal computer), a dedicated computer, a workstation, a PCS (Personal Communications System, a personal mobile communication system), an electronic note pad, a laptop computer, or other program Possible data processing devices are included.
- the various operations are performed by dedicated circuitry (e.g., individual logic gates interconnected to perform specific functions) or one or more processors implemented with program instructions (software). Note that the program is executed by a logical block or a program module.
- processors that execute logic blocks or program modules include, for example, one or more microprocessors, CPU (central processing unit), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), DSP (Digital Signal Processor), PLD (Programmable Logic Device), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), processor, controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, electronic device, other devices designed to perform the functions described herein, and / or any combination thereof Is included.
- CPU central processing unit
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- DSP Digital Signal Processor
- PLD Programmable Logic Device
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- processor controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, electronic device, other devices designed to perform the functions described herein, and / or any combination thereof Is included.
- the embodiment shown here is implemented by, for example, hardware, software, firmware, middleware, microcode, or any combination thereof.
- the machine-readable non-transitory storage medium used here can be further configured as a computer-readable tangible carrier (medium) composed of solid state memory, magnetic disk and optical disk.
- a medium stores an appropriate set of computer instructions such as program modules for causing a processor to execute the technology disclosed herein, and a data structure.
- Computer readable media includes electrical connections with one or more wires, magnetic disk storage media, and other magnetic and optical storage devices (eg, CD (Compact Disk), Laser Disk (registered trademark), DVD ( (Registered trademark) (Digital Versatile Disc) and Blu-ray Disc (registered trademark), portable computer disk, RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read-Only Memory), EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, etc.
- ROM other tangible storage media capable of storing information, or any combination thereof.
- the memory can be provided inside and / or outside the processor / processing unit.
- the term “memory” means any type of long-term storage, short-term storage, volatile, non-volatile, or other memory in which a particular type or number of memories or storage is stored. The type of medium is not limited.
- Disclosed herein is a system as having various modules and / or units that perform a particular function, and these modules and units are schematically illustrated to briefly describe their functionality. Note that it does not necessarily represent specific hardware and / or software. Thus, the various aspects of the present disclosure can be implemented in many different ways, all of which are within the scope of the present disclosure.
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Abstract
Description
2 ガス電磁弁
3 ガス流量計
4 ガスポンプ
5 セルスタック
6 ヒータ
7 燃料電池制御部
8 DC/DCコンバータ
9 インバータ
10 電力制御部
11 電流センサ
12 負荷(負荷機器)
13 系統
14a,14b,14c ガス機器
100 燃料電池システム
101 燃料電池モジュール(発電部)
102 電力制御装置
Claims (15)
- 発電部と、該発電部の制御を行う電力制御装置とを備えた燃料電池システムの制御方法であって、前記電力制御装置による処理手順は、
前記燃料電池システムが電力供給を行う負荷機器の消費電力を監視する監視ステップと、
前記発電部内の温度を取得する温度取得ステップと、
前記発電部内のガス充填量を取得するガス充填量取得ステップと、
前記消費電力が増加したときに、前記発電部内の温度と該発電部内のガス充填量とに基づいて、該発電部の出力電圧の変化速度を制御する制御ステップと
を含む、燃料電池システムの制御方法。 - 前記出力電圧の変化速度の制御は、前記燃料電池システムの出力電力を変化させることにより行う、請求項1に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法。
- 前記制御ステップは、前記発電部内の温度が所定温度以上であり、且つ前記発電部内のガス充填量が所定充填量以上であるときに、前記出力電圧の下降速度を大きくするように制御する、請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法。
- 前記ガス充填量取得ステップは、前記消費電力が増加する第1所定時間前からの前記発電部に流入するガス流量と、該発電部内で使用されたガス量とから該発電部内のガス充填量を算出することにより取得する、請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法。
- 前記制御ステップは、前記発電部内の温度が所定温度未満であるときに、前記消費電力が増加してから第2所定時間の間ガス流量を所定流量だけ増加させた後に、前記出力電圧の下降速度を大きくするように制御する、請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法。
- 前記出力電圧の下降速度を大きくする制御は、前記燃料電池システムの出力電力が出力電力目標値又は定格出力電力に達するまで継続させる、請求項3又は5に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法。
- 前記発電部内で使用されたガス量は、前記燃料電池システムの出力電力から算出する、請求項4に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法。
- 発電部と、該発電部の制御を行う電力制御装置とを備えた燃料電池システムであって、
前記電力制御装置は、前記燃料電池システムが電力供給を行う負荷機器の消費電力が増加したときに、前記発電部内の温度と該発電部内のガス充填量とに基づいて、該発電部の出力電圧の変化速度を制御することを特徴とする、燃料電池システム。 - 発電部の制御を行う電力制御装置であって、
前記電力制御装置は、前記発電部の発電電力を供給する負荷機器の消費電力が増加したときに、前記発電部内の温度と該発電部内のガス充填量とに基づいて、該発電部の出力電圧の変化速度を制御することを特徴とする、電力制御装置。 - 前記電力制御装置の出力電力を変化させることにより前記出力電圧の変化速度の制御を行う、請求項9に記載の電力制御装置。
- 前記発電部内の温度が所定温度以上であり、且つ前記発電部内のガス充填量が所定充填量以上であるときに、前記出力電圧の下降速度を大きくするように制御を行う、請求項9又は10に記載の電力制御装置。
- 前記消費電力が増加する第1所定時間前からの前記発電部に流入するガス流量と、該発電部内で使用されたガス量とから該発電部内のガス充填量を算出する、請求項9乃至11のいずれか一項に記載の電力制御装置。
- 前記発電部内の温度が所定温度未満であるときに、前記消費電力が増加してから第2所定時間の間ガス流量を所定流量だけ増加させた後に、前記出力電圧の下降速度を大きくするように制御する、請求項9又は10に記載の電力制御装置。
- 前記出力電圧の下降速度を大きくする制御は、前記出力電力が出力電力目標値又は定格出力電力に達するまで継続させる、請求項11又は13に記載の電力制御装置。
- 前記発電部内で使用されたガス量は、前記出力電力から算出する、請求項12に記載の電力制御装置。
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JP2017182895A (ja) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-10-05 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | 発電システム |
WO2019003942A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-01-03 | 京セラ株式会社 | 発電装置、制御装置、および制御プログラム |
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US20080003462A1 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-03 | More Energy Ltd. | Digital logic control DC-to-DC converter with controlled input voltage and controlled power output |
JP2008084715A (ja) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-10 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質形燃料電池システム |
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JP5151293B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-24 | 2013-02-27 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池の運転方法 |
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JP2005209467A (ja) * | 2004-01-22 | 2005-08-04 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
US20080003462A1 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2008-01-03 | More Energy Ltd. | Digital logic control DC-to-DC converter with controlled input voltage and controlled power output |
JP2008084715A (ja) * | 2006-09-28 | 2008-04-10 | Kyocera Corp | 固体電解質形燃料電池システム |
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JP2017182895A (ja) * | 2016-03-28 | 2017-10-05 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | 発電システム |
WO2019003942A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-01-03 | 京セラ株式会社 | 発電装置、制御装置、および制御プログラム |
JPWO2019003942A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-29 | 2020-04-09 | 京セラ株式会社 | 発電装置、制御装置、および制御プログラム |
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EP3168912A4 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
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