WO2016004835A1 - 柱状传热装置及用于流体物质传热的管道及方法 - Google Patents

柱状传热装置及用于流体物质传热的管道及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016004835A1
WO2016004835A1 PCT/CN2015/083360 CN2015083360W WO2016004835A1 WO 2016004835 A1 WO2016004835 A1 WO 2016004835A1 CN 2015083360 W CN2015083360 W CN 2015083360W WO 2016004835 A1 WO2016004835 A1 WO 2016004835A1
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Prior art keywords
heat transfer
pipe
heat
transfer device
columnar
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PCT/CN2015/083360
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨积文
康斌
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杨积文
康斌
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Priority to JP2017600052U priority Critical patent/JP3211018U/ja
Priority to DE212015000177.6U priority patent/DE212015000177U1/de
Publication of WO2016004835A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016004835A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/103—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of more than two coaxial conduits or modules of more than two coaxial conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/106—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of two coaxial conduits or modules of two coaxial conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2260/00—Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pipe heating techniques, and more particularly to a columnar heat transfer device and a pipe and method for heat transfer of fluid materials.
  • the working principle of the water jacket heating furnace is that the high temperature flue gas generated by the fuel (currently usually natural gas) exchanges heat with the intermediate medium water in the casing, and the intermediate medium water absorbs heat to generate saturated steam, and the steam rises to the heating coil.
  • the medium in the coil is heated by phase change with the crude oil in the coil, and the condensed water after the vapor phase change is returned to the water bath, and the heating and evaporation are continued, so that the cycle is reciprocated to form a dynamic balance in the casing of the heating furnace.
  • the heat transfer of the fire tube and the heating coil is the main factor affecting the heat transfer of the water jacket furnace.
  • the heating coil is mainly immersed in the steam in the furnace, and the process of transferring the heat of the steam to the crude oil in the coil includes: a heat release process of the steam on the outer surface of the coil, a heat conduction process of the coil wall, and a heat release process of the inner wall of the coil to the crude oil.
  • the crude oil conveyed in the pipe is forced to flow, due to the limitation of the nature of the crude oil, especially the heavy oil, the heat release coefficient of the inner wall of the coil is not high, and the heat exchange between the inner wall of the pipe and the crude oil becomes an important factor that restricts the heat transfer performance of the coil.
  • Bottleneck (refer to Li Qingfang, Application of Three Inner Ribs in Water Jacket. Petroleum Planning and Design, 2004; 15, (6): (38-40)).
  • Heat pipe heat transfer technology because of the high heat transfer efficiency of phase change heat, has been widely used in industry.
  • the main heat transfer mode of heat pipe is evaporation and condensation, with high heat transfer capacity, strong temperature control ability and heat transfer. High efficiency.
  • some people have proposed to use heat pipe technology to enhance heat transfer in water heaters to solve the problem of poor heat transfer performance (Yin Yusheng, inserts for enhanced heat transfer in hot water) Application in Furnace, Industrial Boiler, 1998; 1 (58): 21-23).
  • the insertion of heat pipes in the water heater does not solve the problem of uneven heating of the crude oil in the oil pipeline and the safety management and shortage of the fuel in the furnace.
  • the present invention provides a columnar heat transfer device and a pipe heat transfer method in accordance with the needs of the above-mentioned fields.
  • the specific plan is as follows:
  • An important aspect of the present invention is to provide a columnar heat transfer device, comprising: a heat conductive cylindrical casing and a partition plate;
  • the inner cavity of the heat conductive cylindrical casing is a closed space
  • the partition plate partitions an inner cavity of the heat conductive cylindrical casing into a plurality of chambers parallel to an axial direction of the heat conductive cylindrical casing;
  • the chamber is filled with a working medium
  • the inner wall of the chamber is sequentially provided with a plurality of micro fins made of a heat conductive material, and an array of capillary microgrooves are formed between the micro fins, and the capillary microgrooves are beneficial to reduce the working fluid.
  • the resistance to flow within the chamber is set.
  • the columnar heat transfer device has a columnar shape as a whole, and is favorable for being installed in a current conventional fluid pipe, wherein the working medium absorbs heat from the fluid flowing through the outer wall of the heat conductive cylindrical casing or radiates heat to the fluid. , due to phase change. Conversely, the fluid material flowing through and the continuously changing working fluid continuously exchange heat to achieve heat transfer-heating or condensation of the fluid material flowing through.
  • the arrangement of multiple chambers and micro fins facilitates the rapid flow of the working medium during the phase change process.
  • the purpose of the columnar heat pipe is to increase the number of capillary microchannels which are favorable for the phase change flow of the working fluid, and to improve the columnar heat transfer device. Heat exchange efficiency.
  • the chamber is symmetrically evenly distributed with the axis of the heat conductive cylindrical housing as an axis.
  • the thermally conductive cylindrical housing is a regular cylinder.
  • each of the chambers is preferably a separate enclosed space.
  • At least two of the chambers are open at one end, and the working fluid filled in the chamber may be circulated between the different chambers.
  • the heat conductive cylindrical casing is provided at both ends with a casing axial connection structure for connecting another columnar heat transfer device and facilitating connection between the adjacent columnar heat transfer devices. Heat transfer to each other.
  • At least one end of the heat conductive cylindrical housing is provided with a housing heat source connecting member for connecting a heat source supply device that can transfer heat to the heat conductive cylindrical housing.
  • the material of the thermally conductive cylindrical casing is preferably a metallic thermally conductive material.
  • the columnar heat transfer device provided by the invention can be directly applied to a pipeline which needs to exchange heat for a fluid in a pipeline.
  • FIG. 2A and 2B Another important aspect of the present invention, as shown in Figures 2A and 2B, provides a conduit for heat transfer of a fluid substance based on the columnar heat transfer device described above, comprising a conduit and any of the above columnar heat transfer devices,
  • a through hole for fluid material flow along the axial direction of the pipe is left between the heat conductive cylindrical case and the pipe.
  • some of the columnar heat transfer devices are preferably disposed in a plurality of spaced apart and parallel manners in the pipe, and the inner wall of the pipe is provided with a pipe axial center.
  • An internal pipe fixing member for supporting and mounting the columnar heat transfer device.
  • a person skilled in the art can set different structures in the pipe fixing member according to the size of the pipe and the weight of the column heat transfer device, for example, a ring-shaped structure corresponding to the number of column heat transfer devices is welded on the inner wall of the pipe, and the column shape is transmitted. The thermal device is inserted into the collar.
  • the outer wall of the heat conductive cylindrical casing of the columnar heat transfer device is provided with a heat transfer shell laterally fixed to the heat conductive cylindrical casing of the other columnar heat transfer device. Connecting parts. As shown in Figure 2B.
  • the columnar heat transfer device is disposed at the pipe axis, and the pipe and the heat conductive column case are integrally formed, and the through hole is The circumference of the thermally conductive cylindrical casing is evenly distributed.
  • the material for integrally forming the pipe and the thermally conductive cylindrical casing is a thermally conductive material.
  • the heat conductive cylindrical casing is provided at both ends with a connecting structure for connecting another columnar heat transfer device and facilitating heat transfer between adjacent connected columnar heat transfer devices.
  • both ends of the pipe are provided with a pipe longitudinal connection structure for connecting another pipe; the length of the column heat transfer device is adapted to the pipe length so that two When the pipes are connected, heat transfer heat transfer can be performed between the columnar heat transfer devices in the two pipes.
  • the present invention also provides a method for transferring heat to a fluid substance in a pipe, characterized in that one or more axial direction directions are arranged in the pipe through which the fluid substance flows.
  • the above-mentioned columnar heat transfer device realizes heat exchange with the fluid substance in the pipe by the phase change of the working medium in the columnar heat transfer device.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a columnar heat transfer device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic view showing the structure of a pipe for heating a fluid substance according to the present invention
  • 2B is a schematic view showing the structure of a pipe provided with a plurality of columnar heat transfer devices according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing another structure of a pipe for heating a fluid substance according to the present invention.
  • an important aspect of the present invention is to provide a columnar heat transfer device, comprising: a heat conductive cylindrical case 1 and a partition plate 2; and the heat conductive cylindrical case 1
  • the inner cavity is a closed space; the partitioning plate 2 divides the inner cavity of the heat conductive cylindrical casing 1 into a plurality of chambers 4 parallel to the axial direction of the heat conductive cylindrical casing; the chamber 4 is filled with a working medium; the inner wall of the chamber 4 is sequentially provided with a plurality of micro fins 3 made of a heat conductive material, and an array of capillary microgrooves 9 are formed between the micro fins 3,
  • the capillary channel is provided in a manner that facilitates reducing the resistance to the flow of the working fluid within the chamber 4.
  • the columnar heat transfer device has a columnar shape as a whole, and is favorable for being installed in a current conventional fluid pipe, wherein the working medium absorbs heat from the fluid flowing through the outer wall of the heat conductive cylindrical casing or radiates heat to the fluid. , due to phase change. Conversely, the fluid material flowing through and the continuously changing working fluid continuously exchange heat to achieve heat transfer-heating or condensation of the fluid material flowing through.
  • the arrangement of multiple chambers and micro fins facilitates the rapid flow of the working medium during the phase change process.
  • the heat conductive cylindrical shell needs to be made of a heat conductive material to facilitate efficient heat exchange between the working fluid and the fluid substance.
  • the heat-conducting material used to prepare the thermally conductive cylindrical casing It is also necessary to have some other properties, especially corrosion resistance. For example, if the fluid substance is a corrosive substance to the metal, then the heat conductive material cannot select a heat conductive material of a metallic nature. Those skilled in the art can select materials having these properties among the existing thermally conductive materials.
  • the thermally conductive cylindrical casing 1 seals each of the chambers formed by the partitioning plate and the partitioning plate in its inner cavity.
  • the chamber 4 is symmetrically and evenly distributed with the axis of the heat conductive cylindrical casing 1 as an axis. Conducive to the flow of the working fluid, uniform heat transfer to the surrounding.
  • the thermally conductive cylindrical housing 1 is a regular cylinder. Conducive to uniform heat transfer and production to the surroundings.
  • each of the chambers 4 is preferably a separate confined space. This design is beneficial to extend the service life and the chambers do not affect each other.
  • At least two of the chambers 4 are open at one end, and the working fluid filled in the chamber may be circulated between the different chambers. It is conducive to the smooth flow in the process of working phase transformation. It is noted that although the two or more chamber ends can be made to communicate, the inner cavity of the thermally conductive cylindrical casing is still closed, and the partition plates, the respective chambers, are sealed therein.
  • the heat conductive cylindrical casing is provided at both ends with a casing axial connection structure for connecting another columnar heat transfer device and facilitating connection between the adjacent columnar heat transfer devices. Heat transfer to each other.
  • the purpose of providing the axial connection structure of the housing is to allow the columnar heat transfer device of the present invention to be extended as needed.
  • At least one end of the heat conductive cylindrical casing 1 is provided with a casing heat source connecting member for connecting a heat source supply device that can transfer heat to the heat conductive cylindrical casing.
  • a heat source supply device that can transfer heat to the heat conductive cylindrical casing.
  • an electric heating interface for example, an electric heating interface.
  • the material of the thermally conductive cylindrical casing 1 is a metallic thermally conductive material.
  • the columnar heat transfer device provided by the invention can be directly applied to a pipeline which needs to exchange heat for a fluid in a pipeline.
  • FIG. 2A and 2B Another important aspect of the present invention, as shown in Figures 2A and 2B, provides a conduit for heat transfer of fluid material based on the columnar heat transfer device described above, including a conduit 5 and any of the above embodiments.
  • the columnar heat transfer device is plural, disposed in the pipe 5 at intervals and in parallel, and the inner wall of the pipe 5 is provided with a pipe to the pipe.
  • An in-pipe fixing member 6 for supporting and mounting the columnar heat transfer device which is axially extended.
  • a person skilled in the art can set different structures in the fixed parts of the pipeline according to the size of the pipe and the weight of the column heat transfer device, for example, welding the column heat transfer device on the inner wall of the pipe. The number of ring-shaped structures corresponding to the number is set, and the columnar heat transfer device is inserted in the collar.
  • the outer wall of the heat conductive cylindrical casing 1 of the columnar heat transfer device is provided with a heat transfer joint with the heat conductive cylindrical casing 1 of the other columnar heat transfer device.
  • the housing laterally connects the member 8, as shown in Figure 2B.
  • the columnar heat transfer device is disposed at an axial center of the duct 5, and the duct 5 and the heat conductive cylindrical casing 1 are integrally formed.
  • the through holes 7 are evenly distributed along the periphery of the heat conductive cylindrical case 1.
  • the material preferably used for integrally forming the duct 5 and the thermally conductive cylindrical casing 1 is a thermally conductive material.
  • both ends of the pipe are provided with a pipe longitudinal connection structure for connecting another pipe; the length of the column heat transfer device is adapted to the pipe length so that two When the pipes are connected, heat transfer heat transfer can be performed between the columnar heat transfer devices in the two pipes.
  • the present invention also provides a method for transferring heat to a fluid substance in a pipe, characterized in that one or more axial direction directions are arranged in the pipe through which the fluid substance flows.
  • the above-mentioned columnar heat transfer device realizes heat exchange with the fluid substance in the pipe by the phase change of the working medium in the columnar heat transfer device.

Abstract

一种柱状传热装置以及使用该柱状传热装置的管道和加热方法，柱状传热装置包括可导热柱状壳体（1）和分隔板（2），可导热柱状壳体（1）的内腔为密闭空间，分隔板（2）将可导热柱状壳体（1）的内腔分隔为与可导热柱状壳体（1）的轴向相平行的多个腔室（4），腔室（4）内灌装有工质，腔室（4）的内壁上依次设置有若干由导热材料制成的微翅片（3），相邻微翅片（3）之间形成阵列的毛细微槽（9），毛细微槽（9）以有利于减少工质在腔室（4）内流动所受的阻力的方式设置。

Description

柱状传热装置及用于流体物质传热的管道及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及管道加热技术，特别是一种柱状传热装置及用于流体物质传热的管道及方法。
背景技术
在很多工业领域中，一方面存在对流体物质例如石油、水、气体的加热或者换热需求。另一方面，又会产生很多工业余热，这些余热可以回收利用，以节约能源。针对这两方面的需求的传热设备，一般都需要比较大型，能够流畅地传热并输送流体物质，传热过程中温度在一定范围稳定以保证安全。
例如，开采的粘稠石油从地下输送到地面过程中，由于地面温度下石油会变得非常浓稠而难以有效输送，因此需要对开采井口的输送管道进行加热使油温控制在80℃～120℃。控制输送过程中的油温的技术和装置，一直在改进，近年来水套加热炉以其可靠的安全性能，在油田地面工程中得到广泛应用，特别是在油田井口、中转站、联合站内逐渐替代直接火筒加热炉和管式加热炉。水套加热炉的工作原理为：燃料(目前通常为天然气)产生的高温烟气通过烟管与壳体内的中间介质水换热，中间介质水吸收热量后产生饱和蒸汽，蒸汽上升至加热盘管处通过与盘管内的原油进行相变换热加热盘管内的介质，蒸汽相变后的冷凝水返回水浴中，继续加热蒸发，如此循环往复，在加热炉的壳体内形成动态平衡。用水套炉进行加热时存在两个关键的换热过程：烟气与水换热产生蒸汽、水蒸汽升至加热盘管处通过加热盘管向管内原油传热。因此，火筒烟管和加热盘管的传热是影响水套炉传热的主要因素。加热盘管主要浸没在炉内蒸汽中，蒸汽热量传递给盘管内原油的过程包括：蒸汽对盘管外表面的放热过程、盘管壁的导热过程和盘管内壁对原油的放热过程。管内输送的原油虽然为强制流动状态，但由于受原油性质的限制，特别是稠油，盘管内壁的放热系数不高，管内壁与原油的换热，成为制约盘管换热性能的重要瓶颈(参照李清芳，三位内肋管在水套炉上的应用.石油规划设计，2004；15，(6)：(38-40))。
除上述其换热性能差之外，基于水套炉本身的工作原理，还存在其它几方面的问题.1.由于热量是从输油管外向内传输，造成贴近管壁部分的原油受热较好而管轴心部份的原油受热较差，管内原油温度不均匀，影响输送速度。更严重的是，即使贴近管壁部分的原油温度达 到120℃，管中心原油的温度可能还达不到80℃从而在中心形成蜡造成堵塞。2.水套炉采用的燃料，目前普遍为天燃气。天燃气储量有限，在开采石油过程中消耗天燃气，于国于民既不经济，也不是长久之计，不利于节能减排。3.由于水套炉加热石油管道的地点是在石油开采的地面工程点，在石油开采地面工程点，采用天燃气为水套炉的燃料，必须采取非常严格的安全管理方式。管理成本高，而且无论多么严格的管理，仍然存在非常大的安全隐患。
目前石油输油管采用的水套炉加热方式的上述缺陷尚未见到确实有效可行的解决方案。
热管换热技术，由于相变换热的方式传热效率高，在工业中得到了广泛的应用，热管的主要传热方式为蒸发和冷凝，具有传热能力大、温度控制能力强、传热效率高的特点。关于热管在石油输送管道加热方面的应用，在上述专利公布之前，就有人提出在热水炉中采用热管技术强化传热以解决换热性能差的问题(尹余升，插入件强化传热在热水炉中的应用，工业锅炉，1998；1(58):21-23)。但是在热水炉中插入热管，并不能解决输油管内原油受热不均，加热炉燃料的安全管理与短缺等问题。
综上，目前石油输油管道加热技术存在上述缺陷，尚未见到有效的解决建议或方案。
发明内容
本发明根据上述领域的需求，提供一种柱状传热装置及管道传热方法。具体方案如下：
本发明的一个重要的方面，是提供了一种柱状传热装置，其特征在于：包括可导热柱状壳体和分隔板；
所述可导热柱状壳体的内腔为密闭空间；
所述分隔板将所述可导热柱状壳体的内腔分隔为与所述可导热柱状壳体的轴向相平行的多个腔室；
所述腔室内灌装有工质；
所述腔室的内壁上依次设置有若干由导热材料制成的微翅片，相邻所述微翅片之间形成阵列的毛细微槽，所述毛细微槽以有利于减少所述工质在所述腔室内流动所受的阻力的方式设置。
本发明提供的柱状传热装置，总体上，外形为柱状，有利于安装在目前常规的流体管道内，其中的工质从可导热柱状壳体外壁流经的流体中吸热或向流体放热，发生因相变。反过来说，流经的流体物质和不断相变的工质不断地动态换热从而实现对流经的流体物质进行传热－加热或者冷凝。多个腔室以及微翅片的设置，有利于工质在相变过程中的快速流动。柱状热管的设置，目的在于增加有利于工质相变流动的毛细微槽的数量，提高柱状传热装置的 换热效率。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选所述腔室以所述可导热柱状壳体的轴为轴心对称均匀分布。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选所述可导热柱状壳体为规则的圆柱体。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选每一个所述腔室为独立密闭空间。
在本发明的另外一些实施例中，优选至少有两个所述腔室的一端是开放的，所述腔室内灌装的工质可以在不同腔室之间流通。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选所述可导热柱状壳体两端设置有壳体轴向连接结构，用于连接另外一根柱状传热装置并且有利于相邻连接的柱状传热装置之间相互传热。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选所述可导热柱状壳体至少一端设置有壳体热源连接部件，用于连接可向可导热柱状壳体传输热量的热源供应装置。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选可导热柱状壳体的材料为金属导热材料。
本发明提供的柱状传热装置，可以直接应用安装于需要对管道中流体进行换热的管道中。适用于大型工业中，例如对工业排水、排气的余热回收，对管道输送中的石油的加热等，不用改造现有的管道；其自身尺寸可根据使用场所的需要，做成大型的或微小型的；具有传热均匀、不影响管道内流体物质的流畅流动的优点。
本发明另一个重要的方面，如图2A,2B所示，基于上述柱状传热装置提供了一种用于流体物质传热的管道，其特征在于，包括管道和上述任一柱状传热装置，
所述可导热柱状壳体与所述管道之间留有沿所述管道轴向的用于流体物质流动的通孔。
本发明的管道实施例中，如图2B所示，其中一些优选所述柱状传热装置为多个，相互间隔且平行地设置在所述管道中，所述管道内壁设上有向管道轴心延伸的用于支撑和安装所述柱状传热装置的管道内固定部件。本领域技术人员可以根据可以根据管道的大小，柱状传热装置的重量，将管道内固定部件设置不同的结构，例如在管道内壁焊接有与柱状传热装置数量对应的套环状结构，柱状传热装置插装在套环内。
本发明的一些管道实施例中，优选所述柱状传热装置的可导热柱状壳体外壁上设置有与另一个所述柱状传热装置的可导热柱状壳体相互连接固定的传热壳体横向连接部件。如图2B所示。
如图3所示，本发明的一些管道实施例中，优选所述柱状传热装置设置在所述管道轴心，所述管道和所述可导热柱状壳体为一体成型，所述通孔沿可导热柱状壳体周边均匀分布。
本发明的一些管道实施例中，优选用于所述管道和所述可导热柱状壳体一体成型的材料为导热材料。
本发明的一些管道实施例中，优选所述可导热柱状壳体两端设置有连接结构，用于连接另外一根柱状传热装置并且有利于相邻连接的柱状传热装置之间传热。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选所述管道两端设置有管道纵向连接结构，用于连接另外一根所述管道；所述柱状传热装置的长度与所述管道长度相适应以使得两根所述管道相连时，两根所述管道内的柱状传热装置之间可以进行热传递传热。
根据本发明上述两方面的的核心思想，本发明还提供了一种对管道内流体物质传热的方法，其特征在于：在流体物质流动的管道中沿其轴向方向设置有一个或多个上述柱状传热装置；通过柱状传热装置内的工质的相变来实现与管道内流体物质之间的热交换。
附图说明
图1本发明柱状传热装置结构示意图，
图2A本发明加热流体物质的管道结构示意图，
图2B本发明设置有多个柱状传热装置的管道结构示意图，
图3本发明加热流体物质的管道的另一种结构示意图，
其中1－可导热柱状壳体，2-分隔板，3-微翅片，4-腔室，5-管道，6-管道内固定部件，7-通孔，8-传热壳体横向连接部件，9-毛细微槽。
具体实施方式
以下通过附图和具体实施方式说明本发明。
如图1所示，本发明的一个重要的方面，是提供了一种柱状传热装置，其特征在于：包括可导热柱状壳体1和分隔板2；所述可导热柱状壳体1的内腔为密闭空间；所述分隔板2将所述可导热柱状壳体1的内腔分隔为与所述可导热柱状壳体的轴向相平行的多个腔室4；所述腔室4内灌装有工质；所述腔室4的内壁上依次设置有若干由导热材料制成的微翅片3，相邻所述微翅片3之间形成阵列的毛细微槽9，所述毛细微槽以有利于减少所述工质在所述腔室4内流动所受的阻力的方式设置。本发明提供的柱状传热装置，总体上，外形为柱状，有利于安装在目前常规的流体管道内，其中的工质从可导热柱状壳体外壁流经的流体中吸热或向流体放热，发生因相变。反过来说，流经的流体物质和不断相变的工质不断地动态换热从而实现对流经的流体物质进行传热－加热或者冷凝。多个腔室以及微翅片的设置，有利于工质在相变过程中的快速流动。其中，可导热柱状壳体需采用导热材料制成，以便于工质和流体物质之间高效换热。除了导热性能，根据使用场合的不同，用于制备可导热柱状壳体的导热材 料，还需要具备一些别的性能，特别是耐腐蚀。例如流体物质为对金属腐蚀性物质，那么，该导热材料就不能选择金属性质的导热材料。本领域技术人员可以在现有导热材料中选择具备这些性能的材料。可导热柱状壳体1将分隔板和分隔板形成的各个腔室密封在其内腔中。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选所述腔室4以所述可导热柱状壳体1的轴为轴心对称均匀分布。有利于工质的流动，向周围均匀传热。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选所述可导热柱状壳体1为规则的圆柱体。有利于向周围均匀传热和制作。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选每一个所述腔室4为独立密闭空间。该设计有利于延长使用寿命，各个腔室之间相互不影响。
在本发明的另外一些实施例中，优选至少有两个所述腔室4的一端是开放的，所述腔室内灌装的工质可以在不同腔室之间流通。有利于工质相变过程中的顺畅流动。注意的是，尽管可以将两个或更多腔室两端做成连通的，但是可导热柱状壳体的内腔仍然是封闭的，将分隔板，各个腔室密封在其中。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选所述可导热柱状壳体两端设置有壳体轴向连接结构，用于连接另外一根柱状传热装置并且有利于相邻连接的柱状传热装置之间相互传热。设置壳体轴向连接结构的目的在于使本发明的柱状传热装置可根据实际需要延长。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选所述可导热柱状壳体1至少一端设置有壳体热源连接部件，用于连接可向可导热柱状壳体传输热量的热源供应装置。例如电加热接口。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选可导热柱状壳体1的材料为金属导热材料。
本发明提供的柱状传热装置，可以直接应用安装于需要对管道中流体进行换热的管道中。适用于大型工业中，例如对工业排水、排气的余热回收，对管道输送中的石油的加热等，不用改造现有的管道；其自身尺寸可根据使用场所的需要，做成大型的或微小型的；具有传热均匀、不影响管道内流体物质的流畅流动的优点。
本发明另一个重要的方面，如图2A,2B所示，基于上述柱状传热装置还提供了一种用于流体物质传热的管道，其特征在于，包括管道5和上述任一实施例中的柱状传热装置；所述可导热柱状壳体1与所述管道5之间留有沿所述管道5的轴向的用于流体物质流动的通孔7。
本发明的一些管道实施例中，如图2B所示，优选所述柱状传热装置为多个，相互间隔且平行地设置在所述管道5中，所述管道5的内壁设上有向管道轴心延伸的用于支撑和安装所述柱状传热装置的管道内固定部件6。本领域技术人员可以根据可以根据管道的大小，柱状传热装置的重量，将管道内固定部件设置不同的结构，例如在管道内壁焊接有与柱状传热装 置数量对应的套环状结构，柱状传热装置插装在套环内。
本发明的一些管道实施例中，优选所述柱状传热装置的可导热柱状壳体1的外壁上设置有与另一个所述柱状传热装置的可导热柱状壳体1相互连接固定的传热壳体横向连接部件8，如图2B所示。
如图3所示，本发明的另外一些实施例中，优选所述柱状传热装置设置在所述管道5的轴心，所述管道5和所述可导热柱状壳体1为一体成型，所述通孔7沿可导热柱状壳体1周边均匀分布。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选用于所述管道5和所述可导热柱状壳体1一体成型的材料为导热材料。
本发明的一些实施例中，优选所述管道两端设置有管道纵向连接结构，用于连接另外一根所述管道；所述柱状传热装置的长度与所述管道长度相适应以使得两根所述管道相连时，两根所述管道内的柱状传热装置之间可以进行热传递传热。
根据本发明上述两方面的的核心思想，本发明还提供了一种对管道内流体物质传热的方法，其特征在于：在流体物质流动的管道中沿其轴向方向设置有一个或多个上述柱状传热装置；通过柱状传热装置内的工质的相变来实现与管道内流体物质之间的热交换。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种柱状传热装置，其特征在于：包括可导热柱状壳体和分隔板；
    所述可导热柱状壳体1的内腔为密闭空间；
    所述分隔板将所述可导热柱状壳体的内腔分隔为与所述可导热柱状壳体的轴向相平行的多个腔室；
    所述腔室内灌装有工质；
    所述腔室的内壁上依次设置有若干由导热材料制成的微翅片，相邻所述微翅片之间形成阵列的毛细微槽，所述毛细微槽以有利于减少所述工质在所述腔室内流动所受的阻力的方式设置；
    所述腔室中还插装有柱状热管，所述柱状热管的内壁依次设置有若干由导热材料制成的微翅片，相邻所述微翅片之间形成阵列的毛细微槽，所述毛细微槽以有利于减少所述工质在所述柱状热管内流动所受的阻力的方式设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的柱状传热装置，其特征在于，所述腔室以所述可导热柱状壳体的轴为轴心对称均匀分布。
  3. 根据权利要求1～2任一所述的柱状传热装置，其特征在于，所述可导热柱状壳体为规则的圆柱体。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3任一所述的柱状传热装置，其特征在于，每一个所述腔室为独立密闭空间。
  5. 根据权利要求1～4任一所述的柱状传热装置，其特征在于，至少有两个所述腔室的一端是开放的，所述腔室内灌装的工质可以在不同腔室之间流通。
  6. 根据权利要求1～5任一所述的柱状传热装置，其特征在于，所述可导热柱状壳体两端设置有壳体轴向连接结构，用于连接另外一根柱状传热装置并且有利于相邻连接的柱状传热装置之间相互传热。
  7. 根据权利要求1～6任一所述的柱状传热装置，其特征在于，所述可导热柱状壳体至少一端设置有壳体热源连接部件，用于连接可向可导热柱状壳体传输热量的热源供应装置。
  8. 根据权利要求1～7任一所述的柱状传热装置，其特征在于，可导热柱状壳体的材料为金属导热材料。
  9. 一种用于流体物质传热的管道，其特征在于，包括管道和权利要求1～8任一所述的柱状传热装置；
    所述可导热柱状壳体与所述管道之间留有沿所述管道轴向的用于流体物质流动的通孔。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的管道，其特征在于：所述柱状传热装置为多个，相互间隔且平行地设置在所述管道中，所述管道内壁设上有向管道轴心延伸的用于支撑和安装所述柱状传热装置的管道内固定部件。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的管道，其特征在于：所述柱状传热装置的可导热柱状壳体外壁上设置有与另一个所述柱状传热装置的可导热柱状壳体相互连接固定的传热壳体横向连接部件。
  12. 根据权利要求9～11任一所述的管道，其特征在于：所述柱状传热装置设置在所述管道轴心，所述管道内壁设上有向管道轴心延伸的用于安装所述柱状传热装置的固定部件。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的管道，其特征在于：所述柱状传热装置设置在所述管道轴心，所述管道和所述可导热柱状壳体为一体成型，所述通孔沿可导热柱状壳体周边均匀分布。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的管道，其特征在于，用于所述管道和所述可导热柱状壳体一体成型的材料为导热材料。
  15. 根据权利要求9～14任一所述的管道，其特征在于，所述管道两端设置有管道纵向连接结构，用于连接另外一根所述管道；所述柱状传热装置的长度与所述管道长度相适应使得两根所述管道相连时，两根所述管道内的柱状传热装置之间可传热地接触。
  16. 一种对管道内流体物质传热的方法，其特征在于：在流体物质流动的管道中沿其轴向方向设置有一个或多个权利要求1～8任一所述的柱状传热装置；通过柱状传热装置内的工质的相变来实现与管道内流体物质之间的热交换。
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