WO2016002256A1 - Dispositif de sélection à courant de foucault et procédé de sélection à courant de foucault - Google Patents

Dispositif de sélection à courant de foucault et procédé de sélection à courant de foucault Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016002256A1
WO2016002256A1 PCT/JP2015/056456 JP2015056456W WO2016002256A1 WO 2016002256 A1 WO2016002256 A1 WO 2016002256A1 JP 2015056456 W JP2015056456 W JP 2015056456W WO 2016002256 A1 WO2016002256 A1 WO 2016002256A1
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Prior art keywords
pallet
eddy current
rotating disk
magnetic field
sorted
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PCT/JP2015/056456
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
朋洋 筒井
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三菱電機株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2016531134A priority Critical patent/JP6289638B2/ja
Priority to CN201580031803.6A priority patent/CN106457314A/zh
Priority to EP15814598.7A priority patent/EP3165293B1/fr
Publication of WO2016002256A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016002256A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
    • B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
    • B03C1/033—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
    • B03C1/0332—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using permanent magnets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B03C1/24—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
    • B03C1/247—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields obtained by a rotating magnetic drum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation of bulk or dry particles in mixtures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/24—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation for measuring or calculating of parameters, e.g. efficiency
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/32—Checking the quality of the result or the well-functioning of the device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sorting apparatus and a sorting method, and more particularly to an eddy current sorting apparatus that sorts a conductive material using a rotating magnetic field.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 5 A number of methods have already been proposed for selecting conductive materials (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 5).
  • One of them is a sorting method using eddy current.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus there are known a permanent magnet system for rotating a magnet at a high speed and an AC electromagnet system for sequentially applying an alternating current to a coil. In either method, an alternating magnetic field is applied to the conductive material, an eddy current is generated inside the conductive material, and the conductor is selected by the interaction between the current and the magnetic field. A propulsive force based on electromagnetic force is generated in the conductor.
  • Typical examples of the permanent magnet system include a flying distance difference selection system using a rotating cylindrical magnet and a rotating disk magnet system in which a rotating disk magnet is arranged at the bottom of the table.
  • the flight distance difference sorting method the mixture to be sorted (or the object to be sorted) is moved to the vicinity of the rotating cylindrical magnet by a vibrating table or a conveyor, and an eddy current due to an alternating magnetic field is generated in the conductive material.
  • the conductive material receives a driving force generated by the eddy current and is selected in order to obtain a flight distance larger than that of the non-conductive material (see, for example, Patent Document 6).
  • the mixture to be sorted is moved on the table, and during that time, the rotating disk-shaped magnet placed at the lower part of the table applies a propulsive force due to eddy current in a direction different from the moving direction. give.
  • a plurality of magnets are fixed to the rotating disk-shaped magnet.
  • the non-conductive material that does not generate eddy current moves linearly at the table end, whereas the conductive material moves laterally by the propulsive force caused by the eddy current, and the opposite end of the table.
  • the mixture to be sorted is sorted while sliding or rolling on the plate, and sorted by receiving separately on the downstream side of the table (see, for example, Patent Document 7).
  • Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-140953 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-48343 JP 59-32958 JP 7-163903 A Special Table 2000-510764 Japanese Patent No. 3366620 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-111459
  • the driving force generated in the conductive material in the mixture to be sorted becomes smaller as the size of the conductive material becomes smaller due to the characteristics of eddy current sorting. Therefore, the driving force generated in a small-sized conductive material such as a thin copper wire of about 0.2 to 0.6 mm ⁇ is very small.
  • the propulsive force due to eddy current is significantly affected by the distance between the conductive material and the magnet surface, and the propulsive force is greatly reduced only by the distance of several millimeters.
  • the time for the distance between the magnet and the conductive material to approach is limited to a short time at the start of the flight approaching the rotating cylindrical magnet. Therefore, it is possible to select a large-sized conductive material that can obtain a large driving force, even with a short driving force, but a small-sized conductive material that can obtain a relatively small driving force reduces the flight distance and selects it. Becomes difficult. Also, even with conductive materials of the same material, the propulsive force and the movement at the start of flight differ depending on the shape and dimensions, resulting in variations in flight distance. Not suitable for purity screening.
  • the rotating disk magnet method even when trying to select a conductive material with a small size, because the resulting driving force is small, the amount of movement to the side is small, conductive material and non-conductive material are mixed, Cannot be sorted to high purity.
  • the rotating disk magnet method in order to increase the amount of movement of the conductive material having a small driving force and improve the sorting purity, it is considered effective to take a long time to apply the driving force to the conductive material.
  • the mixed material is selected while being fed in the radial direction of the rotating disk-shaped magnet, it is necessary to increase the radius of the rotating disk-shaped magnet or reduce the feed rate if a propulsive force is applied for a long time.
  • the radius of the rotating disk-shaped magnet is increased, the size of the device increases and the installation location of the device is limited. If the feed rate is reduced, the processing amount is sacrificed.
  • the conductive material and the non-conductive material move together on the table and are sorted, the non-conductive material moves to the conductive material side during the sorting process, so that the sorting purity decreases. . In order to avoid this, when the method of tilting the table for moving the material to the side is taken, it leads to hindering the movement of the conductive material to the side.
  • the present invention has been made in order to solve the problem of such sorting technology, and has an object to sort a conductive material having a small size such as a crushed copper wire with high purity.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus of the present invention includes a magnetic field rotating disk in which a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged in the circumferential direction by alternately reversing the polarity, a pallet arranged at a distance from the magnetic field rotating disk, and a rotation Closed with a drive unit whose shaft is attached to the rotating magnetic disk, a supply unit for holding the object to be sorted and supplying a specified amount of the object to be sorted to the pallet, and two collection containers And a control unit for controlling the magnetic field rotating disk, the drive unit, the supply unit and the discharge unit.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus configured and operated as described above can sort a small-sized conductive material such as a crushed copper wire with high purity.
  • FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the eddy current selection apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the magnetic field rotation disc by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the selection operation
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 includes a magnetic field rotating disk 1, a pallet 2, a supply unit 3, a discharge unit 4, a drive unit 14, a detector 25, a control unit 30, and the like.
  • the drive unit 14 includes a rotary shaft 8, a bearing 9, a drive motor 10, a coupling 11, and the like, and is fixed to the magnetic field rotating disk 1.
  • the object to be sorted is once held and stored in the holding container 3b of the supply unit 3, and then put into the pallet 2 through the supply lane 3a.
  • the mixture to be sorted is sorted into a conductive material and a non-conductive material by the pallet 2, and sorted and stored in the discharge unit 4.
  • the annular disk 6 has a recess.
  • An annular yoke plate 7 is fixed to the concave portion of the disk 6, and a permanent magnet 5 (neodymium magnet) is fixed thereon.
  • the discharge unit 4 includes a collection container 4a, a discharge chute 4b, an on-off valve 4c, and the like.
  • the magnetic field rotating disk 1 is attached to the rotating shaft 8 of the driving unit 14.
  • the rotary shaft 8 is supported by a bearing 9 and is connected to a drive motor 10 by a coupling 11 or a timing belt.
  • the rotation of the drive motor 10 is transmitted to the disk 6 through the coupling 11.
  • the pallet 2 includes a thin plate-like bottom plate 12 and an outer edge portion 13 surrounding the bottom plate 12.
  • the pallet 2 is arranged on the magnetic rotating disk 1 with a slight gap of about 1 to 2 mm from the surface of the permanent magnet 5.
  • the pallet 2 and the collection container 4a are connected by a discharge chute 4b.
  • An open / close valve 4c is installed between the pallet 2 and the discharge chute 4b so that the use state of the collection container 4a of the discharge unit 4 can be set to an open state and a closed state.
  • the control unit 30 analyzes the image detected by the detector 25 and determines the classification degree of the object to be sorted.
  • the control unit 30 further gives instructions to the pallet 2, the supply unit 3, the discharge unit 4, and the drive unit 14 based on the determination result to control the operation.
  • FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of the eddy current sorting apparatus 100.
  • the magnetic field rotating disk 1 is coupled to the drive motor of the drive unit 14 and rotates clockwise when viewed from the top.
  • the supply unit 3 intermittently throws the objects to be sorted into the end of the pallet 2 in a thin and straight line so as not to overlap as much as possible.
  • the discharge unit 4 has a function of collecting the material on the pallet without leakage. Specifically, there are a function of tilting the pallet 2, a function of vibrating and discharging the pallet 2, a function of scraping the material inside the pallet, and the like, but any method can be used.
  • the objects to be sorted stored in the supply unit 3 are supplied to the pallet 2 through the supply lane 3a.
  • the input objects to be sorted are separated into the conductive material 22 and the non-conductive material 23 in the pallet 2 as time elapses.
  • the classification status of the objects to be sorted is monitored using the detector 25.
  • the control unit 30 determines that the sorting degree of the object to be sorted is good from the image detected by the detector 25 or when a predetermined sorting time has elapsed after the material is supplied, the discharging unit 4
  • the on-off valve 4c is opened.
  • the conductive material 22 and the non-conductive material 23 pass through the discharge chute 4b and are stored in a separated state in the collection container 4a of the discharge unit 4.
  • Two collection containers 4a are installed to separate the conductive material and the non-conductive material.
  • FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the magnetic field rotating disk 1.
  • the permanent magnets 5 are radially arranged in the recesses of the aluminum alloy disc 6 so that the magnetic poles alternate in the circumferential direction.
  • An annular yoke plate 7 is fixed to the concave portion of the disc 6.
  • the member that approaches the vicinity of the magnet in the pallet is made of a non-conductive and non-magnetic material.
  • the thin plate-like bottom plate 12 of the pallet 2 uses a material having high rigidity such as FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics).
  • a rotating shaft 8 is inserted into the center of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 and is connected to the drive unit 14.
  • the control unit 30 gives a rotation instruction to the drive unit 14 when necessary.
  • the magnetic field rotating disk 1 rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the drive motor 10.
  • the conductive material 22 is gray and the non-conductive material 23 is white.
  • the device of the present invention has the basic configuration as described above.
  • the sorting operation by this apparatus is performed as follows.
  • the object to be sorted 24 which is a mixture of a conductive material and a non-conductive material, is put into the holding container 3b of the supply unit 3 (see FIG. 4A).
  • conductive materials are non-ferrous metals whose outer dimensions are crushed and divided into several mm to several tens of mm, such as crushed copper wires and aluminum pieces with a diameter of about 0.2 mm or more.
  • Non-conductive materials are plastic pieces, It refers to crushed rubber, powder, sand, etc.
  • the objects to be sorted 24 are arranged linearly in the radial direction of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 from the holding container 3b of the supply unit 3 to one side (input side 2a) of the pallet 2. A fixed amount is input.
  • the supply lane 3a When supply is completed, the supply lane 3a is closed or raised (see FIG. 4B). An alternating magnetic field in which magnetic poles are switched at a high speed is applied from the magnetic field rotating disk 1 rotating at the lower part of the pallet 2 to the input target object 24. An eddy current is generated inside the conductive material in the object to be sorted by an alternating magnetic field, and an electromagnetic force is generated between the magnetic material rotating disk 1 and the conductive material. This acts as a driving force, and the conductive material moves to the opposite side of the pallet 2, which is the moving direction of the permanent magnet 5, (the anti-throwing side 2b). The non-conductive material does not generate an eddy current in the inside thereof, so that no driving force is generated. In this state, the control unit 30 determines that the classification degree of the selection target object is insufficient.
  • the inside of the pallet 2 moves little by little over time, and moves to the opposite side of the pallet 2 (the opposite side 2b) (see FIG. 4C).
  • the non-conductive material does not move from the place where it is put in because no eddy current is generated inside.
  • the propulsive force is applied to a conductive material with a small size that cannot provide a large propulsive force for a time sufficient to produce a sufficient distance difference that does not mix with the non-conductive material.
  • the classification proceeds until the control unit 30 determines that the classification degree is good. Therefore, the conductive material and the non-conductive material are separated with high purity in the pallet 2 over time. In this state, the control unit 30 determines that the classification degree of the selection target object is good.
  • the control unit 30 opens the on-off valve 4c to open the collection container 4a of the discharge unit 4 (see FIG. 4D).
  • the pallet 2 and the collection container 4a are communicated with each other by a discharge chute 4b.
  • the separated conductive material and non-conductive material are stored in a separated state in the collection container 4a through the discharge chute 4b.
  • the separated conductive material and non-conductive material are respectively recovered from the recovery container 4a, thereby completing one cycle of sorting.
  • a new mixture to be sorted is again fed from the supply unit 3 to the pallet 2, and sorting in the next cycle starts.
  • the time for applying the propulsive force to the conductive material can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the time from when the material is charged to the pallet until the material is discharged. Since there is only one bottom plate 12 of the pallet 2 between the conductive material 22 and the permanent magnet 5, and the distance is constant, no matter where the material moves in the pallet, The same level of driving force can be given. Accordingly, the propulsive force can be applied to a conductive material that is small in size and cannot provide a large propulsive force for a time sufficient to produce a sufficient distance difference that does not mix with the non-conductive material.
  • This embodiment is a method in which only the conductive material is moved in a batch manner, instead of sorting the objects to be sorted while feeding them in the radial direction of the magnetic field rotating disk 1. Since only the conductive material is moved and sorted, there is a merit that the non-conductive material moves to the conductive material side during the sorting process and is less likely to be mixed. For these reasons, a conductive material having a small size such as a thin copper wire having a diameter of about 0.2 to 0.6 mm can obtain an effect that it can be highly purified from a non-conductive material. In order to improve the processing amount, it is not necessary to increase the size of the magnetic field rotating disk 1, and there is an advantage that it can be dealt with by increasing the number of pallets 2 combined with one magnetic field rotating disk 1 as necessary.
  • FIG. An eddy current sorting apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 is configured such that the rotating shaft 8 is inclined and the magnetic field rotating disk 1 and the pallet 2 are both inclined in the same direction.
  • the upper surface of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 and the horizontal surface (bottom plate 12) of the pallet 2 are inclined in the direction in which the driving force acts.
  • the pallet 2 is installed horizontally, it is necessary to overcome the frictional force in order for the conductive material to slide on the bottom plate of the pallet 2 by the driving force.
  • the gravitational force acts in the direction in which the driving force acts on the object to be sorted.
  • the frictional force to be overcome by the conductive material is apparently reduced, and it is possible to select a material having a small size that generates only a small driving force.
  • the non-conductive material can be sorted together with the difference in friction force, and higher sorting ability is expected.
  • Embodiment 3 An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 is arranged such that the rotating shaft 8 of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 and the horizontal surface of the pallet 2 are inclined to the opposite side to the direction in which the driving force acts.
  • the inclination angle at which the nonconductive material slides down is set by the inclination of the pallet 2.
  • the magnetic field rotating disk 1 rotates counterclockwise. According to this configuration, the non-conductive material slides or rolls on the pallet 2 and moves to the lower part, whereas the conductive material is held at the upper end portion of the pallet 2 by the propulsive force to perform selection. .
  • the friction coefficient of the non-conductive material is smaller than that of the conductive material, the selection can be performed using the difference in the friction coefficient. Further, it is also effective when the non-conductive material has a shape that is easier to roll than the conductive material.
  • Embodiment 4 An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 4 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the magnetic field rotating disk 1 of the eddy current sorting device is arranged above the pallet 2 in such a direction that the surface of the permanent magnet 5 appears in the lower part. For this reason, the magnet side 1a of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 faces downward, and the yoke side 1b faces upward.
  • a propulsive force is applied by one magnetic field rotating disk 1, a force in the translational direction and a force in the rotational direction are generated as the propulsive force.
  • the direction in which the conductive material tries to roll on the pallet by the rotational force is the same as the direction of the force in the translational direction, so that selection is performed using the rotational force in addition to the force in the translational direction. be able to. Therefore, it is effective for selecting a conductive material that is easy to roll.
  • Embodiment 5 An eddy current sorting apparatus according to the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the thickness of the bottom plate increases from the input side toward the non-input side.
  • the thickness of the bottom plate 12 of the pallet 2 is increased near the outer edge portion 13 on the opposite side.
  • the driving force generated in the conductive material varies.
  • the speed of the conductive material with a large thrust to be selected at the same time becomes higher than necessary, and it strongly collides with the outer edge 13 of the pallet and rebounds, It is possible to influence the material to be sorted.
  • Embodiment 6 An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 6 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the thickness of the bottom plate increases at a constant rate from the input side to the non-input side.
  • the angle between the surface of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 12 is inclined from a parallel plane.
  • Three recovery containers 4a are provided. According to this configuration, the propulsive force decreases as the distance between the surface of the permanent magnet 5 and the conductive material increases, and thus the propulsive force gradually decreases as the conductive material moves through the pallet.
  • a material having a large size or a large electrical conductivity has a longer distance to travel through the pallet, whereas a distance by which a material having a small size or a small electrical conductivity can move is small.
  • the object to be sorted can be sorted in a plurality of stages according to the electrical conductivity and size of the material.
  • Embodiment 7 An eddy current sorting apparatus according to the seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 applies vibration to the pallet 2 as shown in the figure. Specifically, while the material to be sorted exists on the pallet, a minute vibration is applied in the out-of-plane direction using the ultrasonic vibrator 20. Alternatively, a relatively large vibration is intermittently applied by a motor with an eccentric weight. According to this configuration, the former has a short time for the object to be sorted to touch the pallet 2, and the frictional force is reduced. As a result, it is possible to select a small-sized conductive material that produces only a small driving force. In the latter case, when a non-conductive material exists in front of the conductive material and the movement is hindered, the positional relationship between the two can be shifted and the selection can be continued.
  • Embodiment 8 An eddy current sorting apparatus according to the eighth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 is attached to a pallet with a lid 21 that shuts off the inside and outside of the pallet when sorting.
  • the lid 21 is configured to open only when the object to be sorted is input from the supply unit and when the separated material is delivered to the discharge unit.
  • the object to be sorted does not jump out of the pallet during sorting.
  • disturbances applied to the material to be sorted from the outside of the pallet such as the influence of the airflow generated by the rotation of the magnetic rotating disk at the bottom of the pallet, can be reduced.
  • Embodiment 9 An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 9 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the magnetic field rotating disk 1 is disposed at the lower part of the pallet 2 and the auxiliary magnetic field rotating disk 17 is disposed at the upper part of the pallet 2.
  • the auxiliary magnetic field rotating disk 17 is disposed above the pallet with the magnet side 1a facing downward.
  • the upper and lower magnetic field rotating disks are connected to the same rotating shaft 8 and are rotated in synchronism so that the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 5 facing each other are always reversed. That is, the auxiliary magnetic field rotating disk 17 shares the rotating shaft 8 with the magnetic field rotating disk 1, and the opposite permanent magnets have opposite polarities. According to this configuration, there is an advantage that the magnetic flux density in the pallet becomes higher and the driving force in the translation direction becomes larger than when a single magnetic field rotating disk is used.
  • FIG. 14 An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 has a plurality of pallets 2 arranged for a set of magnetic field rotating disks 1, a supply unit 3, and a discharge unit 4.
  • six pallets 2 are connected to a pallet driving ring 18 via a pallet tilt shaft 19 and arranged side by side in an annular shape.
  • the objects to be sorted are supplied from the supply unit 3 to the pallet 2 at the input position through the supply lane 3a.
  • the pallet that has reached the 5 o'clock direction is in the loading position.
  • the pallet in the loading position overlaps with the supply lane 3a.
  • the pallet driving method may be any method that moves a plurality of pallets, such as a method of attaching a cam follower to the pallet and moving it on the rail.
  • the control unit 30 determines the degree of classification of the objects to be sorted in a plurality of pallets. When it is determined that the sorting degree of the object to be sorted is good in any pallet, or when a certain sorting time has elapsed, when the pallet reaches the discharging position, the discharging unit is instructed to open. At the discharge position, the pallet 2 and the discharge unit 4 overlap. In the figure, the rightmost pallet in the 3 o'clock direction has reached the discharge position. An example of the discharge unit 4 in this configuration is shown in FIG. The pallet 2 is kept horizontal at the time of sorting, but the pallet is inclined around the pallet inclination shaft 19 at the time of discharge. When the pallet is inclined, the collection container 4a is in an open state when in use, and closed when in a horizontal state. The separated conductive material and non-conductive material are discharged to the discharge portion 4 through the discharge chute 4b.
  • any method of intermittently rotating the pallet 2 or rotating at a constant speed and swinging the discharge chute 4b in accordance with the movement of the pallet 2 may be used.
  • the magnetic flux density generated from the magnets in the magnetic field rotating disk can be used without waste.
  • the number of supply parts 3 and discharge parts 4 can be reduced with respect to the number of pallets 2, and the operation rate of the supply part 3 and the discharge parts 4 can be raised. Therefore, the amount of processing can be increased without increasing the number of magnetic field rotating disks 1, supply units 3, and discharge units 4 by the number of pallets 2. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in the occupied area of the apparatus and the apparatus cost.
  • the sorting time can be easily adjusted depending on whether the mixture to be sorted is easily affected by the eddy current. Specifically, when a conductive material having a large size and a relatively large propulsive force is selected, the circulation speed can be increased, the selection can be performed in a short time, and the processing amount can be increased. On the other hand, when a conductive material having a small size and a small propulsive force is selected, the rotation speed is reduced, so that a longer selection time can be given and high-purity selection can be performed.
  • Embodiment 11 An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 11 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 a plurality of magnetic field rotating disks 1 are coupled to one rotating shaft 8, so that the magnetic field rotating disk 1 shares the rotating shaft 8.
  • the figure shows an example in which three magnetic field rotating disks 1 are fixed to one rotating shaft 8.
  • the flow path is divided into three by the supply unit 3, and the same sorting is performed by the combination of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 and the pallet 2, so Processing can be performed and the processing amount can be increased three times.
  • each magnetic field rotating disk the magnetic flux density applied to the workpiece is set so as to increase in order from the top, and each discharging part is connected in series to the next supply part, so that each magnetic field rotating disk is stepwise. Sorting may be performed. For example, a conductive material having a large dimension is sorted by the top magnetic rotating disk, and the remaining small conductive material and non-conductive material are sorted in parallel by the second and third magnetic rotating disks. It is possible to sort such flows.
  • Embodiment 12 FIG. An eddy current sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 12 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 includes a magnetic field rotating disk 1, a pallet 2, a supply unit 3, a discharge unit 4, a drive unit 14, a peristaltic mechanism 26, a control unit 30, and the like.
  • the drive unit 14 includes a rotary shaft 8, a bearing 9, a drive motor 10, a coupling 11, and the like, and is fixed to the magnetic field rotating disk 1.
  • the object to be sorted is once held and stored in the holding container 3b of the supply unit 3, and then put into the pallet 2 through the supply lane 3a.
  • the mixture to be sorted is sorted into a conductive material and a non-conductive material by the pallet 2, and sorted and stored in the discharge unit 4.
  • the annular disk 6 has a recess.
  • An annular yoke plate 7 is fixed to the concave portion of the disk 6, and a permanent magnet 5 (neodymium magnet) is fixed thereon.
  • the discharge unit 4 includes a collection container 4a, a discharge chute 4b, a discharge mechanism 4d, and the like.
  • the magnetic field rotating disk 1 is attached to the rotating shaft 8 of the driving unit 14.
  • the rotary shaft 8 is supported by a bearing 9 and is connected to a drive motor 10 by a coupling 11 or a timing belt.
  • the rotation of the drive motor 10 is transmitted to the disk 6 through the coupling 11.
  • the controller 30 controls the rotation speed of the magnetic field rotating disk 1.
  • the pallet 2 includes a thin plate-like bottom plate 12 and an outer edge portion 13 surrounding the bottom plate 12.
  • the pallet 2 is arranged on the magnetic rotating disk 1 with a slight gap of about 1 to 2 mm from the surface of the permanent magnet 5.
  • the pallet 2 is kept horizontal with the magnetic field rotating disk 1 at the time of sorting, but is inclined when the discharge mechanism 4d is operated to open the discharge unit 4 (see FIG. 15).
  • the member in the pallet that approaches the vicinity of the magnet is made of a non-conductive and non-magnetic material.
  • the bottom plate 12 is made of alumina, FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics) or the like having non-conductive, non-magnetic and high rigidity characteristics.
  • the magnetic field rotating disk 1 is coupled to the driving motor of the driving unit 14 and rotates clockwise when viewed from above.
  • the supply unit 3 intermittently throws the objects to be sorted into the end of the pallet 2 in a thin and straight line so as not to overlap as much as possible.
  • the discharge unit 4 has a function of collecting the materials separated on the pallet without leakage so as not to be mixed.
  • the objects to be sorted stored in the supply unit 3 are supplied to the pallet 2 through the supply lane 3a.
  • the input object to be sorted is separated into the conductive material 22 and the non-conductive material 23 in the pallet 2 as time passes. The time from when being put into the pallet 2 until sufficient separation varies depending on the characteristics of the object to be sorted.
  • the magnitude of the driving force generated on the object to be sorted by the action of eddy current depends on the electrical conductivity, mass, shape, dimensions, etc. of the object.
  • the sorting operation by this device is performed as follows.
  • the control unit 30 puts the object to be sorted 24, which is a mixture of a conductive material and a non-conductive material, into the holding container 3b of the supply unit 3 while constantly rotating the magnetic field rotating disk 1 (see FIG. 4A).
  • conductive materials are non-ferrous metals whose outer dimensions are crushed and divided into several mm to several tens of mm, such as crushed copper wires and aluminum pieces with a diameter of about 0.2 mm or more.
  • Non-conductive materials are plastic pieces, It refers to crushed rubber, powder, sand, etc.
  • the objects to be sorted 24 are arranged linearly in the radial direction of the magnetic field rotating disk 1 from the holding container 3b of the supply unit 3 to one side (input side 2a) of the pallet 2. A specified amount is charged.
  • the supply lane 3a When supply is completed, the supply lane 3a is closed or raised (see FIG. 4B). An alternating magnetic field in which magnetic poles are switched at a high speed is applied from the magnetic field rotating disk 1 that is constantly rotating at the lower part of the pallet 2 to the input object to be sorted 24. An eddy current is generated inside the conductive material in the object to be sorted by an alternating magnetic field, and an electromagnetic force is generated between the magnetic material rotating disk 1 and the conductive material. This acts as a driving force, and the conductive material moves to the opposite side of the pallet 2, which is the moving direction of the permanent magnet 5, (the anti-throwing side 2b). The non-conductive material does not generate an eddy current in the inside thereof, so that no driving force is generated. *
  • the peristaltic mechanism 26 causes the pallet 2 to swing while keeping the magnet surface and the pallet surface parallel in the vicinity of the rotating magnet at the time of sorting.
  • the movement path of the conductive material changes according to the swinging movement of the pallet.
  • the conductive material can be moved without being obstructed by the front non-conductive material, and the selection can be continued.
  • Any one of a link mechanism and a cam mechanism may be used for the swinging motion.
  • the control unit 30 changes the angle and cycle of the swing motion depending on the object to be sorted.
  • the inside of the pallet 2 moves little by little over time, and moves to the opposite side of the pallet 2 (the opposite side 2b) (see FIG. 4C).
  • the non-conductive material does not move from the place where it is put in because no eddy current is generated inside.
  • the propulsive force is applied to a conductive material with a small size that cannot provide a large propulsive force for a time sufficient to produce a sufficient distance difference that does not mix with the non-conductive material.
  • the material Since the time for which a sufficient distance difference is generated varies depending on the object to be sorted, the material is experimentally introduced into the pallet 2 in advance, the time when the sufficient distance difference is obtained is grasped, and set as the sorting time in the control unit 30. Keep it.
  • the control unit 30 changes the discharge unit 4 from the closed state to the open state when a predetermined set sorting time has elapsed since the material was put into the pallet.
  • the discharge mechanism 4d operates and the pallet 2 tilts, whereby the object to be sorted is discharged from the pallet 2 to the collection container 4a (see FIG. 17).
  • the separated conductive material and non-conductive material pass through the discharge chute 4b and are stored in a separated state in the collection container 4a (see FIG. 4D). Then, in order to return the discharge part 4 to a closed state, the discharge mechanism 4d is changed to a stop state (or normal state), and the pallet 2 is made parallel.
  • a mechanism for scraping the internal material of the pallet with the rotating brush 31 As the discharge mechanism 4d, a mechanism for scraping the internal material of the pallet with the rotating brush 31 (see FIG. 20), a mechanism for driving the brush 32 with a link mechanism or a cam mechanism, and a mechanism for scraping the internal material of the pallet with this brush (FIG. 21). (See Fig. 22).
  • a mechanism for sending compressed air from the air nozzle 33 and separating the material by blowing the material is also applicable.
  • the convex portion 2a is provided to prevent the object to be sorted from being discharged into the collection container 4a when the discharge mechanism 4d is in the closed state (or stopped state).
  • sorting in the next cycle starts (see FIG. 4A). By repeating this cycle, the object to be sorted stored in the supply unit is stored in the recovery container 4a by sequentially separating the conductive material and the non-conductive material.
  • the time for applying the propulsive force to the conductive material can be arbitrarily adjusted by changing the time from when the material is charged to the pallet until the material is discharged. Since there is only one bottom plate 12 of the pallet 2 between the conductive material 22 and the permanent magnet 5, and the distance is constant, no matter where the material moves in the pallet, The same level of driving force can be given. Accordingly, the propulsive force can be applied to a conductive material that is small in size and cannot provide a large propulsive force for a time sufficient to produce a sufficient distance difference that does not mix with the non-conductive material. *
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a configuration of the eddy current sorting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 is provided with three recovery containers 4a.
  • the object to be sorted is placed in the center of the pallet 2.
  • a conductive material 22a having a shape that is easy to roll and a conductive material 22b having a shape that is difficult to roll are mixed.
  • a propulsive force is applied to an object to be selected by one magnetic field rotating disk 1, a translational force and a rotational force are generated as the propulsive force.
  • the force in the rotation direction exceeds the force in the translation direction and moves to the right side in the figure, and the shape that is difficult to roll slides to the left side in the figure by the force in the translation direction. According to this configuration, even when a shape that is easy to roll and a shape that is difficult to roll are mixed in the mixture to be sorted, sorting can be performed by collecting in the moving direction.
  • FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the configuration of the eddy current sorting apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus 100 includes an inductive proximity sensor 27 that grasps the separation status of the objects to be sorted inside the pallet.
  • the proximity sensor 27 responds when the selection progresses and the conductive material 22 approaches.
  • the sorting status is transmitted to the control unit 30.
  • the proximity sensor 27 can be replaced with a temperature sensor that detects that the conductor has been heated by the eddy current.
  • the control unit 30 instructs the discharge unit to collect the material on the pallet, and the discharge unit that receives the instruction collects the material on the pallet.
  • the control unit sends an instruction to the supply unit to put a new material on the pallet.
  • the sorting time from when a material is put into the pallet to when the material is discharged is judged and changed for each cycle. Even in the case where the dimensional variation of the object to be sorted and the variation of the material are large, the sorting purity can be maintained without reducing the processing amount by reducing the waste of sorting time as much as possible.
  • the eddy current sorting apparatus that performs the above-described configuration and operation has the following effects. Due to the characteristics of eddy current sorting, the smaller the size of the conductive material in the object to be sorted, the smaller the propulsive force that is generated. Therefore, the conductive material is sufficiently separated from the non-conductive material and separated with high purity. The time required for this becomes longer. According to this invention, by changing the time from when a material is put into the pallet to when it is discharged, the time for applying the propulsive force can be easily set longer according to the conductive material to be selected. it can.
  • the propulsion equal to or greater than the maximum propulsive force in the existing equipment Can give power.
  • the non-conductive material is selected during the sorting process compared to the conventional rotating disk magnet method in which the conductive material and the non-conductive material move together for sorting. Moves to the conductive material side and is rarely mixed.
  • the above effects enable high-purity sorting even for small-sized conductive materials such as thin copper wires of about 0.2 to 0.6 mm ⁇ .
  • sorting is performed at the place where it is put on the pallet, so that the length of the rotating magnet in the radial direction is not required for sorting. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the radius of the rotating magnet in order to improve the processing amount, and this can be dealt with by increasing the number of pallets combined with one rotating magnet as necessary.

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  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de sélection de courant de Foucault comprenant : un disque rotatif à champ magnétique (1) dont la polarité est inversée en alternance et qui possède une pluralité d'aimants permanents disposés dans la direction circonférentielle ; une palette (2) disposée séparée par un entrefer du disque rotatif à champ magnétique ; une unité d'entraînement (14) munie d'un arbre rotatif fixé au disque rotatif à champ magnétique ; une unité d'alimentation (3) qui maintient les objets pour la sélection et fournit une quantité prescrite des objets à des fins de sélection à la palette ; une unité de décharge (4) munie de deux récipients de collecte et qui, lorsqu'elle passe d'un état fermé à un état ouvert, collecte, vers ces récipients de collecte, des objets à des fins de sélection qui ont été délivrés par l'unité d'alimentation à la palette ; et une unité de commande (30) qui commande le disque rotatif à champ magnétique (1) ; l'unité d'entraînement (14), l'unité d'alimentation (3), et l'unité de décharge (4). Le dispositif de sélection à courant de Foucault exécute : une première étape dans laquelle la quantité prescrite d'objets de sélection est délivrée de l'unité d'alimentation à la palette ; une deuxième étape dans laquelle, après qu'un temps donné se soit écoulé après l'achèvement de la première étape, l'unité de décharge passe de l'état fermé à l'état ouvert ; et une troisième étape dans laquelle, après l'achèvement de la deuxième étape, l'unité de décharge retourne à l'état fermé. Une fois que la troisième étape a été achevée, les première à troisième étapes sont exécutées de nouveau.
PCT/JP2015/056456 2014-07-03 2015-03-05 Dispositif de sélection à courant de foucault et procédé de sélection à courant de foucault WO2016002256A1 (fr)

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JP2016531134A JP6289638B2 (ja) 2014-07-03 2015-03-05 渦電流選別装置および渦電流選別方法
CN201580031803.6A CN106457314A (zh) 2014-07-03 2015-03-05 涡电流分选装置以及涡电流分选方法
EP15814598.7A EP3165293B1 (fr) 2014-07-03 2015-03-05 Dispositif de sélection à courant de foucault et procédé de sélection à courant de foucault

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DE102018133387A1 (de) 2018-12-21 2020-06-25 Leibniz-Institut für Photonische Technologien e. V. Spezifischer nanopartikelsortierer und verfahren zur sortierung von nanopartikeln
EP3558536A4 (fr) * 2016-12-20 2020-08-12 Cyclomag Pty Ltd Séparateur magnétique plat

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CN108537973A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2018-09-14 上海工程技术大学 一种售货机及其售卖管理系统、方法
CN108722661A (zh) * 2018-09-03 2018-11-02 马鞍山起劲磁塑科技有限公司 用于强磁性粉末高精提纯的磁选机
CN112452776A (zh) * 2020-11-16 2021-03-09 史洪扬 一种物流分拣机永磁履带式底面传动机构及物流分拣机
CN114798163B (zh) * 2022-04-27 2024-07-23 格林美(武汉)城市矿山产业集团有限公司 一种圆盘式涡流力分选机
CN114798167B (zh) * 2022-04-27 2024-09-13 格林美(武汉)城市矿山产业集团有限公司 一种双层皮带式涡电流分选机
DE102022212061A1 (de) * 2022-11-14 2024-05-16 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Separieren von ferromagnetischen Pulverpartikeln von damit vermischten nicht-ferromagnetischen Pulverpartikeln

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EP3558536A4 (fr) * 2016-12-20 2020-08-12 Cyclomag Pty Ltd Séparateur magnétique plat
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DE102018133387B4 (de) 2018-12-21 2024-04-11 Leibniz-Institut für Photonische Technologien e. V. Spezifischer nanopartikelsortierer und verfahren zur sortierung von nanopartikeln

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JP6289638B2 (ja) 2018-03-07
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EP3165293A4 (fr) 2018-02-28
CN106457314A (zh) 2017-02-22
JPWO2016002256A1 (ja) 2017-04-27

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