WO2015196732A1

WO2015196732A1 - Method for manufacturing biomass fuel from garbage

Info

Publication number: WO2015196732A1
Application number: PCT/CN2014/092668
Authority: WO
Inventors: 沙嫣; 沙晓林
Original assignee: 沙嫣; 沙晓林
Priority date: 2014-06-25
Filing date: 2014-12-01
Publication date: 2015-12-30
Also published as: CN204325226U; CN104403716B; CN104263388B; WO2015196502A1; CN104403716A; CN104263388A; WO2016049978A1; CN104031713A

Abstract

The present invention is a method for manufacturing biomass fuel from garbage, the specific steps of said method comprising: step 1: garbage is transported from distribution points to a garbage storage area; step 2: the garbage is transported, either automatically or manually, from the garbage storage area into a reactor, and the reactor is completely sealed; step 3: steam is introduced into the reactor, and the temperature and pressure of the garbage is dynamically controlled over time, forming a carbonized mixture; step 4: the temperature and pressure inside the reactor are reduced, and the condensed water and gases formed by reaction are discharged; step 5: the carbonized mixture formed in step 3 is poured into a filtering apparatus; the filtering apparatus filters out noncombustible substances from the carbonized mixture, and lastly, biomass fuel is obtained. The production process of the present invention is non-polluting, and processing costs are low, and the resulting biomass fuel has high calorific value and low emissions.

Description

Method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using garbage

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage disposal, and particularly relates to a method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using garbage.

Background technique

According to the data, the average annual growth rate of urban domestic garbage in China is 8% to 10%. In 2013, urban domestic garbage reached 260 million tons. The annual domestic garbage in rural areas is also close to 100 million tons. The growing domestic garbage has become a trouble for economic development and the environment. Major issues of governance. In this regard, the governments at the national and local levels attach great importance to it. In recent years, China has introduced a series of new policies and new plans, and made a comprehensive policy and practical interpretation of the problem of garbage disposal, especially during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period. Major plans for environmental protection and waste management have provided important development opportunities for China's domestic waste treatment projects. At the same time, the "18th National Congress" clearly put forward "ecological civilization", "beautiful China", "saving resources", "protecting the environment" and so on, which also created a lot of room for development in the garbage disposal industry. The main documents currently involved in garbage disposal are:

1 On April 19, 2012, the General Office of the State Council issued the “12th Five-Year Plan for the Construction of Harmless Treatment Facilities for Urban Domestic Garbage” (Guo Ban Fa [2012] No. 23), which was developed by the Development and Reform Commission and housing urban and rural areas. The Ministry of Construction and the Ministry of Environmental Protection have jointly organized and compiled the objectives, main tasks and safeguard measures for the construction of the harmless treatment facilities for urban domestic garbage in the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, and clarified the priorities of the government. This is a programmatic document for the construction of domestic garbage treatment facilities, with a total planned investment of 263.6 billion yuan.

2 On June 16, 2012, the State Council issued the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Industry Development” (Guo Fa [2012] No. 19), covering technical equipment, energy-saving products, energy conservation and environmental protection services, etc. In the key areas, we have specifically mentioned the use of renewable resources, the utilization of kitchen waste, and waste disposal.

3 On July 9, 2012, the State Council issued the “Twelfth Five-Year National Strategic Emerging Industry Development Plan” (Guo Fa [2012] No. 28), proposing to develop advanced environmental protection industries and promote the disposal and disposal of garbage and hazardous waste; Develop resources recycling industry, focus on the development of waste product recycling system supported by advanced technology, kitchen waste, agricultural and forestry waste, waste textiles and recycling of waste plastic products.

4 On August 6, 2012, the State Council issued the Notice on Printing and Distributing the 12th Five-Year Plan for Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction. (Guo Fa [2012] No. 40), proposed to strengthen the construction of urban environmental infrastructure; implement rural clean-up projects, encourage the classification and collection of domestic wastes, and reduce the harmless treatment on the spot, and select economic, applicable and safe treatment and disposal technologies to improve The level of garbage incineration treatment, rural areas and environmentally sensitive areas in rural areas gradually promote urban and rural integrated garbage disposal mode; accelerate the construction of urban domestic garbage treatment and disposal facilities, strengthen the disposal of landfill leachate; strengthen policy implementation and guidance, encourage the use of contract energy management Implement energy-saving renovation and promote the socialization and professional operation of environmental protection facilities such as urban sewage, garbage disposal and corporate pollution control.

5 On October 8, 2012, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the Ministry of Health jointly issued the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan for the Prevention and Control of Hazardous Waste Pollution” (Huanfa [2012] No. 123), which proposed the development of hazardous waste. Investigate, actively explore the source of hazardous waste reduction, comprehensively promote the construction of centralized disposal facilities such as hazardous waste incineration and landfill, scientifically develop hazardous waste utilization and service industries, strengthen the harmless utilization of heavy metal-related hazardous wastes, and promote the harmless treatment of medical wastes. Disposal, promote non-industrial sources and historical waste hazardous waste utilization and disposal, improve operational management and technical level, and strengthen the construction of hazardous waste supervision system and other nine major tasks.

According to these national documents, it can be clearly seen that garbage disposal has become a technical field that the country attaches great importance to. However, we also see that there are still many shortcomings, drawbacks and technical gaps in the current garbage disposal technology.

Throughout the rest of the world, garbage disposal also has very serious problems, especially in developing countries and relatively poor and backward countries. The problems of garbage accumulation and serious environmental pollution are becoming more and more prominent, and it is urgent to adopt a scientific, efficient and environmentally friendly approach. Rubbish.

At present, waste treatment methods mainly include incineration treatment, sanitary landfill, and sorting and composting. Incineration treatment and sanitary landfill are not only significant, but also gradually rising, while sorting and composting is gradually shrinking. On the other hand, the state has little effect in promoting and promoting waste sorting, which makes the garbage disposal more difficult. . What is more prominent is that there are many defects in the centralized treatment of garbage in the prior art, which continues to cause secondary pollution to the environment, and the location of the waste incineration plant has a negative impact on social stability. Existing waste disposal methods mainly have the following defects and problems:

(1) Incineration treatment

1, gas emissions, causing secondary pollution

The use of incineration to treat garbage usually requires the addition of auxiliary fuels, such as 5-10% coal, which not only increases the cost, but also increases the emission of carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide. In addition, it produces a variety of harmful gases in the combustion, causing two environmental impacts. Secondary pollution. Among them, the most prominent environmental impact is dioxins. The toxicity of dioxins is very large, 130 times that of cyanide and 900 times that of arsenic. It is called “the poison of the century”. At the same time, the waste incineration plant has the problem of smelling the whole plant, and it also has a very obvious impact on the surrounding conventional air environment. It is precisely because the waste incineration treatment has a very serious impact on the surrounding environment. Recently, there have been many people in Foshan, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, etc. The group incidents that protested the government's construction of waste incineration projects were extremely bad.

2, burning residue, still need to occupy landfill

Incineration of waste will produce 20%-25% of the burning residue. The prior art usually treats the residue in a harmless manner and then extrudes and fills it, which still takes up a lot of land. Because the residue contains heavy metals and other harmful substances, the processing technology is high, the processing equipment is complicated, and the treatment cost is high. If some incineration plants cannot completely treat the residue in a harmless treatment or incomplete treatment, this will cause soil and groundwater. Serious pollution.

3. High investment, with little economic return

Incineration of waste requires high investment. An incineration plant that processes 300,000 tons of waste a year needs to invest 320-350 million yuan, mainly for the purchase of large-scale land and complex equipment, especially for the harmless treatment of exhaust gases. The equipment for burning residues has large investment and complicated technology, and generally needs to reach 50% of the total construction investment, which leads to high project cost, long recovery period and reduced economic benefits of project implementation. In addition, some enterprises have no way to reduce the investment in these processing equipments, and they have not achieved the harmless treatment effect, which brings great hidden dangers to the surrounding environment and the health of the people.

(2) Sanitary landfill

Landfilling is done by stacking garbage or directly burying it in the soil. It does not harm the garbage, and there are a lot of hidden dangers such as bacteria, viruses and heavy metal pollution. The garbage leakage will be buried. Long-term pollution of groundwater resources, some areas will be built on the beach, causing damage to offshore waters and marine life. Landfill not only wastes a lot of land resources needed for landfill, but also causes environmental pollution. Because land pollution is concealed and lagging, it has accumulation and unevenness. The most important thing is that it is irreversible, such as heavy metals. Difficult to degrade leads to a process in which land pollution is basically not completely reversed, and organic pollutants also take a long time to degrade, which brings endless troubles to future generations. At present, many developed countries have banned landfill waste. The competent authorities and technical experts at all levels of the Chinese government believe that this way of dealing with garbage cannot be sustained, but it has not yet found a way to prevent environmental pollution and to replace it with an efficient and simple treatment.

(3) Sorting and composting

Garbage sorting and composting is the ability to decompose organic matter in the waste by means of microbial decomposition. After composting, it becomes crop fertilizer, and the inorganic metal materials, glass and bricks are buried. Rubber and plastics are used. Recycling; but the amount of domestic waste compost is large, nitrogen and phosphorus content is low, long-term use is easy to cause soil compaction and groundwater quality deterioration, but also has the following outstanding problems: 1, odor pollution; 2, operating costs are too high; The technology is not mature; 4, poor factory management, etc., so the garbage sorting and composting technology is not yet mature.

For the prior art search, the patent name is “Methods for Producing Environmentally Recycled Coal Using Garbage, Straw and Sludge”, and the Chinese invention patent of 201310672617.3, which mixes garbage, straw and sludge by weight ratio. The environmentally-friendly reclaimed coal is mixed in the material machine, but the processing method uses physical methods to treat the raw materials without qualitative changes, and the coal combustion value generated by the machine is low, and the pretreatment step in the manufacturing method needs manual sorting and classification, and the production method Tradition, it is difficult to promote industrialization and scale application; the patent name is “New Domestic Waste Environmentally Friendly Recycled Coal Manufacturing Method and Its Products”, the Chinese invention with application number 201210076821.4, uses domestic garbage to prepare reclaimed coal, but a large amount of chemical needs to be added in the preparation. The auxiliary materials cause serious secondary pollution to the environment. In addition, there are examples of using garbage as fuel for power generation and gas production, but the investment is large, the cost is high, the harmless treatment is not perfect, and secondary pollution is formed, and some need to be mixed. A large amount of raw coal or coal is added, which ultimately leads to losses.

In summary, there is no real scientific, efficient and pollution-free method for treating garbage in the prior art, and it is not able to produce coal with high combustion value and no secondary pollution under low-cost and non-polluting conditions. technology.

Summary of the invention

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing biomass fuel using waste, which converts waste into biomass fuel by dynamically controlling the temperature of the waste over time in the reactor. The process involved in the whole process is carried out in a closed reactor. The equipment used is highly automated. After the previous process is completed, it can automatically enter the next process according to the dynamic monitoring of parameters. The production and processing cost of the invention is low, the production process is non-polluting, and the prepared biomass fuel has high combustion value and low emission.

The invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using waste, and the specific steps include:

Step 1: Transport the garbage from the scattered points to the garbage storage area;

Step 2: The garbage is automatically or manually transferred from the garbage storage area to the reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle is completely sealed;

Step 3: introducing steam into the reaction kettle, and dynamically controlling the temperature of the waste with time to form a carbonization mixture;

Step 4: lower the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel, and discharge the liquefied water and gas formed by the reaction;

Step 5: The carbonized mixture formed in the third step is poured into a screening device, and the non-combustible material in the carbonized mixture is screened by the screening device, and finally the biomass fuel is obtained.

Preferably, in the garbage storage area in the first step, the bearing surface for placing the garbage is provided with a grid plate, and the grid plate is used for leaching the liquid in the garbage, and may be squeezed by the pressing device if necessary. Liquid leaching effect;

Preferably, the garbage storage area in the first step is a completely sealed space, and the odor removal treatment of the garbage in the completely sealed space by spraying, purifying, etc., can ensure that the entire production area has no odor.

Preferably, the garbage in the second step is automatically or manually conveyed, and the garbage is initially screened by any one or more of vibration, magnetism or drum to remove some metals, ceramics and bricks, etc. Rubbish;

Preferably, the garbage is transported from the garbage storage area to the reaction kettle automatically or manually according to the second step, wherein the garbage transportation specifically refers to: first placing the garbage in the reaction box, and then pulling the reaction box through the rail to the reaction kettle. Within the container, the garbage can be better loaded by the reaction box, so that the garbage can be processed in batches in an orderly manner. At the same time, the number of reaction tanks can be set to several according to the capacity of the reaction kettle, and the bottom of the reaction tank is The bottom of the reactor is provided with rolling wheels and rails which are matched with each other to facilitate the reaction box entering and leaving the reaction vessel.

Preferably, the second step further comprises the step of removing the moisture from the garbage, specifically, the removing the moisture by the extrusion or/and drying method before the garbage enters the reaction kettle.

Preferably, the second step further comprises pulverizing the garbage, specifically, pulverizing the garbage by mechanical or/and manual means before the garbage enters the reaction kettle.

Preferably, in step 3, the temperature of the garbage is dynamically controlled according to time, the temperature ranges from 150 ° C to 500 ° C, the pressure ranges from 15 bar to 35 bar, and the total reaction time ranges from 2 h to 7 h. The segment dynamic control is as follows:

In the period of 1/4-1/3 of the total reaction, the temperature ranges from 150 °C to 250 °C, and the pressure ranges from 15 bar to 25 bar;

In the period of 2/4-1/3 after the overall reaction, the temperature ranges from 200 °C to 500 °C, and the pressure ranges from 20 bar to 35 bar;

In the middle of the overall reaction period of 1/4-1/3, the temperature range is from 150 ° C to 300 ° C, and the pressure range is from 18 bar to 25 bar.

In the above technical solution, the pressure and temperature in the reactor change dynamically with time, so that the waste has an efficient carbonization reaction.

Preferably, in step 3, a catalyst is added to the waste while dynamically controlling the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel, and the catalyst uses one or a combination of one of the following non-polluting substances: zinc oxide, lapis lazuli powder, mullite powder , serpentite powder, montmorillonite powder, granite powder, bentonite powder, rutile powder, 1:1 mixture of gasoline and butane, marble powder, cryolite powder, talcum powder, coal gangue powder, sodium carbonate, kaolin powder, sea Asphalt powder, iron ore powder, quartz powder, diatomaceous earth powder, bauxite powder, attapulgite powder, phosphate rock powder, graphite powder, lithium polysilicate salt, potassium salt, buckyball, clay powder.

Preferably, the carbonization mixture formed in the third step is dried and then poured into a screening device, and the drying temperature is from 20 ° C to 130 ° C.

Preferably, the temperature and pressure in the reactor are lowered as described in step four, specifically: the temperature in the reactor is lowered to 30 ° C - 150 ° C, and the pressure is lowered to standard atmospheric pressure.

Preferably, the liquefied water formed by the reaction is discharged in step 4, specifically, the liquefied water is treated harmlessly through the filter and discharged into the reservoir or/and the sewage pipe network.

Preferably, the gas formed by the reaction in the step 4 is discharged, specifically, the gas is treated harmlessly through the filter and discharged to the atmosphere.

Preferably, the non-combustible substance in the carbonization mixture is screened by the screening device in the step 5, specifically, the carbonization mixture is screened by vibration, magnetic attraction or the like.

Preferably, in step 5, the carbonized mixture is pulverized before or after the carbonization mixture is subjected to the screening treatment, and the pulverized biomass fuel is formed after the pulverization treatment, if the carbonized mixture is pulverized before the screening treatment, and the screening treatment is performed. The object is a powdery biomass fuel formed by pulverization; if the carbonization mixture is pulverized after the screening treatment, the object of the screening treatment is a high temperature and high pressure carbonized bulk carbonization mixture.

Preferably, the powdered biomass fuel has a particle size of from 20 μm to 1500 μm.

Preferably, the powdered biomass fuel is processed into a shaped fuel by a forming device according to customer requirements.

Preferably, the shaped biomass fuel is specifically a spherical biomass fuel, a brick biomass fuel, a rod shaped biomass fuel or a honeycomb biomass fuel.

Preferably, in the molding process of the powdery biomass fuel, the humidity is 5%-30%, and the pressure is 20 MPa-100 MPa.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The process route of the invention is advanced and reasonable, the classification of garbage is low, and almost all domestic garbage can be disposed of;

(2) The equipment used in the preparation method of the invention has high degree of automation. After the completion of the previous process, according to the dynamic monitoring of parameters, the process can be automatically entered into the next process, so the operation cost is economical, and it is in line with the harmless, resourceful and industrialized waste disposal. Direction of development;

(3) The whole production system of the invention has no odor emission and does not cause pollution to the surrounding environment; the high temperature in the reaction kettle in the production process can effectively kill the bacteria in the garbage; the liquefied water and gas formed in the production process only need to pass Simple water treatment equipment and gas purification equipment can form water and gas that can meet the national standards and can be discharged without secondary pollution;

(4) The powdery biomass fuel produced by the invention has a high combustion value, and the combustion value is 4,500-6,500 kcal according to different types of garbage;

(5) In the production process of the present invention, the carbonized mixture is obtained by screening to obtain about 90% of the carbonized mixture. The utilization rate of the powdery biomass fuel produced by the present invention is much higher than other methods of the prior art, that is, The entire production process can convert most of the waste into carbide, and only a small amount of carbon-free substances can be discharged through screening;

(6) The powdery biomass fuel produced by the invention is mainly composed of a small amount of carbon dioxide after combustion, and the emission of combustion flue gas is 50%-60% lower than that of ordinary bituminous coal;

(7) The powdery powdery biomass fuel produced by the invention can be used as a raw material of carbon fertilizer, thereby further broadening the use of garbage recycling;

(8) The construction project of the method of the invention requires less capital investment and quick return. Because the process is simple and the equipment does not need complicated equipment, an equipment and supporting production plant for preparing biomass fuel with 300,000 tons of garbage per year is constructed. It is necessary to invest 50 million yuan, and the payback period is about two years, which is about 15% of the same amount of waste incineration plant investment;

(9) The technical scheme of the invention is reasonable, the equipment is advanced, and the required workshop area is small. To build a factory that processes 300,000 tons of garbage per year, only about 100 mu of land is needed, and the garbage incineration plant with the same treatment capacity needs 400. -500 acres;

(10) The present invention economically and efficiently combines environmental protection issues with energy issues, solves social environmental protection problems at an industrialized level, and fully conforms to the national policy orientation, while the market demand is very large, according to the current amount of garbage growth, At least 1,000 garbage incineration plants with a scale of 300,000 tons need to be built. The treatment plant for the preparation of biomass fuels using this technology can build at least 100 domestic plants by 2016, so the implementation of this project is a national environmental protection policy. The vigorous advancement is also a practice of the Chinese dream and has important social significance.

DRAWINGS

Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the Detailed Description of Description

Figure 1 is a production flow chart of the invention;

2 is a schematic structural view of a device system used in the production of the patent of the present invention;

Among them, garbage storage or / and garbage storage pit 1, reaction tank 2, reaction tank 3, gas storage tank 4, gas filter 5, steam generator 6, liquid water storage 7, storage tank or / and sewage pipe The net 8, the drying device 9, the screening device 10, and the molding device 11.

detailed description

The invention will now be described in detail in connection with specific embodiments. The following examples are intended to further understand the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that a number of variations and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for manufacturing biomass fuel using waste, as shown in FIG. 2, which is a device system required to implement the manufacturing method.

The manufacturing method of this embodiment, the specific steps include:

Step 1: Collecting and storing garbage, specifically: transporting the garbage from each dispersed point to the garbage storage tank or/and the garbage storage pit 1;

Step 2: Put the garbage into the reaction box 2, and push the reaction box into the reaction tank 3: the garbage is automatically or manually transferred from the garbage storage tank or/and the garbage storage pit 1 to the reaction tank 2, and then the reaction tank 2 Pushing into the reaction vessel 3 through the rail, and completely sealing the reaction vessel 3;

Step 3: introducing steam, automatically controlling the reaction kettle to carry out the reaction: a steam generator 6 generates steam, and introduces steam into the reaction kettle 3, and dynamically controls the temperature change of the waste with time to form a carbonization mixture;

Step 4: lowering the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel, and discharging the liquefied water and gas formed by the reaction, and the generated liquefied water is stored in the liquid water storage device 7 and discharged through the filter to the reservoir or/and the sewage pipe network 8; The generated gas is stored in the gas storage tank 4, and the purified gas is formed by the gas filter 5;

Step 5: The reaction box is pulled out from the reaction vessel 3, and the carbonized mixture formed in the third step is poured into a screening device, and the non-combustible substance in the carbonization mixture is screened by the screening device, and finally the biomass fuel is obtained.

In this embodiment, in the garbage storage area in the first step, the bearing surface for placing the garbage is provided with a grid plate, and the grid plate is used for draining the liquid in the garbage;

In this embodiment, the garbage in the second step is automatically or manually conveyed, and the garbage is initially screened by any one or more of vibration, magnetism or roller to remove part of the metal, ceramics and bricks. Block and other garbage;

In the embodiment, in the second step, the garbage is transported from the garbage storage or the garbage/garbage storage pit 1 to the reaction tank 2 by an automatic transmission method, specifically, the reaction box is pushed into the reaction tank through an automatic transmission track.

In the embodiment, the second step further includes removing moisture from the garbage, specifically, before the garbage enters the reaction kettle 3, the garbage is removed by extrusion or/and drying.

In the embodiment, the second step further comprises pulverizing the garbage, specifically, the pulverizing treatment of the garbage by mechanical or/and manual means before the garbage enters the reaction kettle 3.

In this embodiment, the temperature and pressure dynamic control of the garbage is changed according to time in the third step, and the overall reaction time is 2 hours, and the dynamic control of the time period is as follows:

In the first quarter of the total reaction, the temperature is 150 ° C, the pressure is: 15 bar;

In the middle of the overall reaction period of 2/4, the temperature is 200 ° C, the pressure is: 20 bar;

In the period of 1/4 of the total reaction, the temperature was 150 ° C and the pressure was 18 bar.

In this embodiment, in step 3, a catalyst is added to the waste while dynamically controlling the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel, and the catalyst uses a combination of one or more of the following materials: zinc oxide, lapis lazuli powder, mullite powder, Serpentine powder, montmorillonite powder, granite powder, bentonite powder, rutile powder, 1:1 mixture of gasoline and butane.

In this embodiment, the carbonization mixture formed in the third step is dried by the drying device 9 and then poured into the screening device 10, and the drying temperature is 20 °C.

In this embodiment, the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel are lowered as described in the fourth step. Specifically, the temperature in the reaction vessel is lowered to 30 ° C, and the pressure is lowered to a standard atmospheric pressure.

In the present embodiment, the liquefied water formed by the discharge reaction in the step 4 is specifically treated by the liquefied water through the filter and discharged into the reservoir or/and the sewage pipe network.

In the present embodiment, the gas formed by the discharge reaction described in the fourth step, specifically, the gas is harmlessly treated by the filter and discharged to the atmosphere.

In this embodiment, in the fifth step, the non-combustible substance in the carbonization mixture is screened by the screening device, specifically, the carbonization mixture is screened by vibration, magnetic attraction or the like;

In the embodiment, in step 5, before or after the carbonization mixture is subjected to the screening treatment, the carbonized mixture is pulverized, and after the pulverization treatment, the powdery biomass fuel is formed, and if the carbonization mixture is pulverized before the screening treatment, the screening is performed. The object to be treated is a powdery biomass fuel formed by pulverization; if the carbonization mixture is pulverized after the screening treatment, the object of the screening treatment is a high temperature and high pressure carbonized bulk carbonization mixture. Since the process steps of the pulverization process can be adjusted, the processes and equipment corresponding to the pulverization are not shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and the corresponding contents in the drawings do not affect the understanding and implementation of the technical solution.

In this embodiment, the powdery biomass fuel has a particle size of 1500 μm.

In the present embodiment, the powdered biomass fuel is processed into a biomass fuel of a set shape by a molding device 11 according to customer requirements.

In this embodiment, the shaped biomass fuel is specifically a spherical biomass fuel, a brick biomass fuel, a rod-shaped biomass fuel or a honeycomb biomass fuel.

In the present embodiment, when the powdery biomass fuel is molded, the humidity is 5% and the pressure is 20 MPa.

Example 2

The overall preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and the different parameters are defined as follows:

In this embodiment, the temperature and pressure dynamic control of the garbage is changed according to time in the third step, and the overall reaction time is 7 hours. The dynamic control of the time period is as follows:

In the first 1/3 of the total reaction period, the temperature is 250 ° C, the pressure is: 25 bar;

In the middle 1/3 of the overall reaction, the temperature is 500 ° C, the pressure is: 35 bar;

In the period of 1/3 of the overall reaction, the temperature was 300 ° C and the pressure was 25 bar.

In this embodiment, in step 3, a catalyst is added to the waste while dynamically controlling the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel, and the catalyst uses a combination of one or more of the following materials: marble powder, cryolite powder, talcum powder, coal gangue Powder, sodium carbonate, kaolin powder, sepiolite powder, iron ore powder.

In this embodiment, the carbonization mixture formed in the third step is dried and then poured into a screening device, and the drying temperature is 130 ° C.

In this embodiment, the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel are lowered as described in the fourth step. Specifically, the temperature in the reaction vessel is lowered to 150 ° C, and the pressure is lowered to a standard atmospheric pressure.

In this embodiment, the powdery biomass fuel has a particle size of 20 μm.

In the present embodiment, when the powdery biomass fuel is molded, the humidity is 30% and the pressure is 100 MPa.

Example 3

In this embodiment, the temperature control of the garbage is controlled dynamically according to the time in step 3. The overall reaction time is 5 hours, and the dynamic control of the time period is as follows:

In the first quarter of the total reaction, the temperature is 180 ° C, the pressure is: 20 bar;

In the middle of the overall reaction period of 2/4, the temperature is 300 ° C, the pressure is: 30 bar;

In the period of 1/4 of the total reaction, the temperature was 200 ° C and the pressure was 23 bar.

In this embodiment, in step 3, a catalyst is added to the waste while dynamically controlling the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel, and the catalyst uses a combination of one or more of the following materials: quartz powder, diatomaceous earth powder, bauxite Powder, attapulgite powder, phosphate rock powder, graphite powder, lithium polysilicate salt, potassium salt, buckyball, clay powder.

In this embodiment, the carbonization mixture formed in the third step is dried and then poured into a screening device, and the drying temperature is 100 ° C.

In this embodiment, the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel are lowered as described in the fourth step. Specifically, the temperature in the reaction vessel is lowered to 45 ° C, and the pressure is lowered to a standard atmospheric pressure.

In this embodiment, the powdery biomass fuel has a particle size of 500 μm.

In the present embodiment, when the powdery biomass fuel is molded, the humidity is 20% and the pressure is 80 MPa.

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

A method for manufacturing biomass fuel using waste, and the specific steps include:

Step 1: Transport the garbage from the scattered points to the garbage storage area;

Step 2: The garbage is automatically or manually transferred from the garbage storage area to the reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle is completely sealed;

Step 3: introducing steam into the reaction kettle, and dynamically controlling the temperature of the waste with time to form a carbonization mixture;

Step 4: lower the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel, and discharge the liquefied water and gas formed by the reaction;

Step 5: The carbonized mixture formed in the third step is poured into a screening device, and the non-combustible material in the carbonized mixture is screened by the screening device, and finally the biomass fuel is obtained.
The method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using the garbage according to claim 1, wherein in the garbage storage area in the first step, the bearing surface for placing the garbage is provided with a grid plate, and the grid plate is used for leaching Liquid in the trash.
The method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using the garbage according to claim 1, wherein the garbage storage area in the first step is a completely sealed space, and the garbage is sprayed or/and purified in the completely sealed space. Perform odor removal treatment.
The method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using the garbage according to claim 1, wherein the garbage in the second step is conveyed by automatic or manual means, by any one or more of vibration, magnetism and drum The way to initially screen the waste to remove some metal, ceramic, plastic and brick waste.
The method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using the garbage according to claim 1, wherein the garbage is automatically or manually transported from the garbage storage area to the reaction kettle in the second step, wherein the garbage transportation specifically refers to: The waste is placed in the reaction tank, and then the reaction tank is pushed into the reaction vessel through the rail.
The method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using waste according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 further comprises: removing moisture from the garbage, specifically, pressing the garbage or/or the garbage before the garbage enters the reaction kettle. The drying method is performed to remove the moisture treatment.
The method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using waste according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 further comprises pulverizing the garbage, specifically, the mechanical or/and manual means of the garbage before the garbage enters the reaction kettle. The pulverization treatment is carried out.
The method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using waste according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the temperature of the garbage is dynamically controlled according to time, and the temperature ranges from 150 ° C to 500 ° C, and the pressure is The range of values is 15bar-35bar, and the overall reaction time is 2h-7h. The dynamic control of the time period is as follows:

In the period of 1/4-1/3 of the total reaction, the temperature ranges from 150 °C to 250 °C, and the pressure ranges from 15 bar to 25 bar;

In the period of 2/4-1/3 after the overall reaction, the temperature ranges from 200 °C to 500 °C, and the pressure ranges from 20 bar to 35 bar;

In the middle of the overall reaction period of 1/4-1/3, the temperature range is from 150 ° C to 300 ° C, and the pressure range is from 18 bar to 25 bar.
The method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using waste according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, a catalyst is added to the waste while dynamically controlling the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel, and the catalyst uses one or more of the following substances; Combination of: zinc oxide, lapis lazuli powder, mullite powder, serpentine powder, montmorillonite powder, granite powder, bentonite powder, rutile powder, 1:1 mixture of gasoline and butane, marble powder, cryolite powder, talcum powder , coal gangue powder, sodium carbonate, kaolin powder, sepiolite powder, iron ore powder, quartz powder, diatomaceous earth powder, bauxite powder, attapulgite powder, phosphate rock powder, graphite powder, polysilicate Lithium salt, potassium salt, buckyball, clay powder.
The method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using the waste product according to claim 1, wherein the carbonization mixture formed in the third step is dried and then poured into a screening device, and the drying temperature is: 20 °C-130 °C.
The method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using the waste according to claim 1, wherein the temperature and pressure in the reaction vessel are lowered in the fourth step, specifically, the temperature in the reaction vessel is lowered to 30 ° C - At 150 ° C, the pressure drops to standard atmospheric pressure.
The method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using the waste according to claim 1, wherein the liquefied water formed by the discharge reaction in the step 4 is specifically treated by the liquefied water through the filter and discharged into the reservoir. Or / and sewage pipe network.
The method for producing biomass fuel by using the waste according to claim 1, wherein the gas formed by the discharge reaction in the fourth step is specifically treated by the filter through the filter and discharged to the atmosphere.
The method for manufacturing biomass fuel by using waste according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the non-combustible substance in the carbonization mixture is selected by the screening device, specifically by vibration or/and magnetic attraction. The carbonized mixture was screened.
The method for producing biomass fuel by using waste according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the carbonized mixture is pulverized before or after the carbonization mixture is subjected to a screening treatment, and the pulverized biomass is formed into a powdery biomass. fuel.
The method of manufacturing biomass fuel using waste according to claim 15, wherein the powdery biomass fuel has a particle size of from 20 μm to 1500 μm.
The method of manufacturing biomass fuel using waste according to claim 15, wherein the powdery biomass fuel is processed into a biomass fuel of a set shape by a molding apparatus according to a customer's demand.
A method of manufacturing biomass fuel using waste according to claim 17, wherein said shaped biomass fuel is specifically spherical biomass fuel, brick biomass fuel, rod biomass fuel or honeycomb Shaped biomass fuel.
The method for producing biomass fuel by using the waste according to claim 17, wherein the powdery biomass fuel is subjected to a molding process with a humidity of 5% to 30% and a pressure of 20 MPa to 100 MPa.