WO2015184791A1 - 大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀 - Google Patents

大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015184791A1
WO2015184791A1 PCT/CN2015/000251 CN2015000251W WO2015184791A1 WO 2015184791 A1 WO2015184791 A1 WO 2015184791A1 CN 2015000251 W CN2015000251 W CN 2015000251W WO 2015184791 A1 WO2015184791 A1 WO 2015184791A1
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Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
casing
core
yoke
annular permanent
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PCT/CN2015/000251
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
梁慧敏
张坤
林景波
于海丹
邓杰
邹帆
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哈尔滨工业大学
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Priority to US15/038,437 priority Critical patent/US9890871B2/en
Publication of WO2015184791A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015184791A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/08—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet
    • F16K31/082—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet using a electromagnet and a permanent magnet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
    • F16K31/0679—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor with more than one energising coil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/08—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
    • H01F27/324—Insulation between coil and core, between different winding sections, around the coil; Other insulation structures
    • H01F27/325—Coil bobbins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/064—Circuit arrangements for actuating electromagnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/086—Structural details of the armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-power two-way non-return spring-containing permanent magnet electromagnetic valve, belonging to the field of electromagnetic valves.
  • the permanent magnet-containing solenoid valve refers to a solenoid valve in which a permanent magnet is disposed inside.
  • Solenoid valves are electromagnetically controlled industrial equipment. They are the basic components for controlling fluids. They are actuators and are not limited to hydraulic and pneumatic. Used in industrial control systems to adjust the direction, flow, speed and other parameters of the media.
  • the solenoid valve can be used with different circuits to achieve the desired control, while the precision and flexibility of the control can be guaranteed.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the problem that the prior art device for generating radially polarized light and angularly polarized light has a complicated structure and high cost, and provides a high-power two-way non-return spring-containing permanent magnet solenoid valve.
  • the high-power two-way non-return spring-containing permanent magnet electromagnetic valve of the invention comprises an upper magnetic circuit portion, a lower magnetic circuit portion, an armature connecting rod 7 and a casing connecting ring 14, and a structure of an upper magnetic circuit portion and a lower magnetic circuit portion Symmetrically arranged and connected together by the armature connecting rod 7 and the outer casing connecting ring 14;
  • the upper magnetic circuit portion includes an upper core 8, an upper casing 9, an upper coil 10, an upper annular permanent magnet 11, an upper yoke 12, and an upper push rod 13;
  • the upper casing 9 is a circular barrel structure with an open upward direction, and the upper casing 9
  • the upper end opening is provided with an upper yoke 12, the central hole of the upper yoke 12 is for accommodating the upper push rod 13 to move up and down;
  • the upper push rod 13 is disposed at the upper end of the upper iron core 8, and the center hole of the bottom of the upper outer casing 9 is for accommodating
  • the upper core 8 moves up and down;
  • the inner side wall of the upper casing 9 is provided with an upper annular permanent magnet 11, and the upper ring 10 is disposed between the upper annular permanent magnet 11 and the bottom of the upper casing 9;
  • the inner hole and the upper portion of the upper annular permanent magnet 11 There is an air gap between the outer surfaces of the iron core 8; an air gap exists between the inner surface of the center hole of the bottom portion of the upper
  • the lower magnetic circuit portion includes a lower iron core 6, a lower outer casing 5, a lower coil 4, a lower annular permanent magnet 3, a lower yoke 2, and a lower push rod 1;
  • the lower outer casing 5 has an open downward cylindrical structure, and the lower outer casing 5 Under The end opening is provided with a lower yoke 2, the central hole of the lower yoke 2 is for accommodating the lower push rod 1 to move up and down;
  • the lower push rod 1 is disposed at the lower end of the lower iron core 6, and the center hole of the top of the lower outer casing 5 is for accommodating
  • the lower iron core 6 moves up and down;
  • the inner side wall of the lower outer casing 5 is provided with a lower annular permanent magnet 3, and the lower annular permanent magnet 3 and the top of the lower outer casing 5 are provided with a lower coil 4;
  • the inner and lower portions of the lower annular permanent magnet 3 There is an air gap between the outer surfaces of the iron core 6; an air gap exists between the inner surface of the central hole at the
  • the upper outer casing 9 and the lower outer casing 5 are connected together by a casing connecting ring 14, and the upper ring of the outer casing connecting ring 14 is fixedly connected with the edge of the central hole at the bottom of the upper casing 9; the lower ring and the lower casing of the outer casing connecting ring 14 The edge of the center hole of 5 is fixedly connected.
  • the invention has the advantages that the high-power two-way non-return spring-containing permanent magnet electromagnetic valve has a symmetrical structure and simple assembly; the bistable magnetic holding, the permanent magnet adjusting and retaining force is adjustable, and the different reaction force design can be obtained. Flexible configuration; low triggering conditions, small number of suction (release) amps, low power, fast response time and high output.
  • the permanent magnet is far away from the main contact and the area where the arc extinguishing chamber is located, which can reduce the adverse effect of high temperature on the permanent magnet.
  • the structure has good anti-vibration performance, the actual assembly is more efficient, the consistency of the same batch product is enhanced, and the batch is reduced. Product rejection rate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-power two-way non-return spring-containing permanent magnet solenoid valve according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a magnetic flux path diagram after the upper and lower coils are forwardly energized to complete the change from the bottom to the top movement state, and at this time, the position after the change of the supreme motion shape is completed;
  • Figure 5 is a magnetic flux path diagram when the upper and lower coils are powered off
  • Figure 6 is a magnetic flux path diagram of the initial timing of the reverse rotation of the upper and lower coils
  • Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the magnetic flux path after the upper and lower coils are reversely energized to complete the change from the top to the bottom movement state, and at this time, return to the initial position.
  • the high-power two-way non-return spring-containing permanent magnet solenoid valve comprises an upper magnetic circuit portion, a lower magnetic circuit portion, an armature connecting rod 7 and a casing connecting ring 14, and the structures of the upper magnetic circuit portion and the lower magnetic circuit portion are symmetrically arranged, and Connected together by the armature connecting rod 7 and the outer casing connecting ring 14;
  • the upper magnetic circuit portion includes an upper core 8, an upper casing 9, an upper coil 10, an upper annular permanent magnet 11, an upper yoke 12, and an upper push rod 13;
  • the upper casing 9 is a circular barrel structure with an open upward direction, and the upper casing 9
  • the upper end opening is provided with an upper yoke 12, the central hole of the upper yoke 12 is for accommodating the upper push rod 13 to move up and down;
  • the upper push rod 13 is disposed at the upper end of the upper iron core 8, and the center hole of the bottom of the upper outer casing 9 is for accommodating
  • the upper core 8 moves up and down;
  • the inner side wall of the upper casing 9 is provided with an upper annular permanent magnet 11, and the upper ring 10 is disposed between the upper annular permanent magnet 11 and the bottom of the upper casing 9;
  • the inner hole and the upper portion of the upper annular permanent magnet 11 There is an air gap between the outer surfaces of the iron core 8; an air gap exists between the inner surface of the center hole of the bottom portion of the upper
  • the lower magnetic circuit portion includes a lower iron core 6, a lower outer casing 5, a lower coil 4, a lower annular permanent magnet 3, a lower yoke 2, and a lower push rod 1;
  • the lower outer casing 5 has an open downward cylindrical structure, and the lower outer casing 5
  • the lower end opening is provided with a lower yoke 2
  • the central hole of the lower yoke 2 is for accommodating the lower push rod 1 to move up and down
  • the lower push rod 1 is disposed at the lower end of the lower iron core 6, and the center hole of the top of the lower outer casing 5 is used for
  • the lower iron core 6 is accommodated to move up and down;
  • the inner side wall of the lower outer casing 5 is provided with a lower annular permanent magnet 3, and the lower annular permanent magnet 3 and the top of the lower outer casing 5 are provided with a lower coil 4;
  • the inner hole of the lower annular permanent magnet 3 is There is an air gap between the outer surfaces of the lower iron core 6; an air gap exists between the inner
  • the upper outer casing 9 and the lower outer casing 5 are connected together by a casing connecting ring 14, and the upper ring of the outer casing connecting ring 14 is fixedly connected with the edge of the central hole at the bottom of the upper casing 9; the lower ring and the lower casing of the outer casing connecting ring 14 The edge of the center hole of 5 is fixedly connected.
  • the upper push rod 13, the upper iron core 8, the armature connecting rod 7, the lower iron core 6, and the lower push rod 1 constitute a moving member, and when the upward movement, the upper push rod 13 projects upward from the center hole of the upper yoke 12 until the upper portion The upper end portion of the iron core 8 is stopped in contact with the upper yoke 12; when moving downward, the lower push rod 1 projects downward from the center hole of the lower yoke 2 until the lower end portion of the lower iron core 6 contacts the lower yoke 2 to stop.
  • the structures of the upper magnetic circuit portion and the lower magnetic circuit portion are mirror-symmetrical.
  • Both the upper annular permanent magnet 11 and the lower annular permanent magnet 3 are radially magnetized and have the same magnetization direction.
  • the upper core 8, the lower core 6, the upper yoke 12, the lower yoke 2, the upper casing 9 and the lower casing 5 are all made of a highly magnetically permeable material.
  • the upper core 8 and the lower core 6 are cylindrical and have a rectangular cross section.
  • Both the upper coil 10 and the lower coil 4 are realized by winding on the bobbin.
  • the upper annular permanent magnet 11 and the lower annular permanent magnet 3 are both set to inner N and outer S, and the operation thereof will be described in detail below.
  • the first path is: the N pole of the upper annular permanent magnet 11 ⁇ the upper iron core 8 ⁇ the gap between the upper iron core 8 and the upper yoke 12 ⁇ upper portion
  • the yoke 12 ⁇ the upper casing 9 ⁇ the S pole of the upper annular permanent magnet 11 ⁇ the N pole of the upper annular permanent magnet 11
  • the second path is: the N pole of the upper annular permanent magnet 11 ⁇ the upper core 8 ⁇ the upper core 8
  • FIG. 3 shows that the upper coil 10 and the lower coil 4 are simultaneously in a forward electrical state, so that the electromagnetic flux in the direction shown in FIG. 3 is generated when the power is forward, and the electromagnetic flux path generated by the lower coil 4 is: the lower core 6 ⁇ lower casing 5 ⁇ lower yoke 2 ⁇ lower core 6, the electromagnetic flux generated by the lower coil 4 and the lower permanent magnet flux are opposite in the lower core 6, and the electromagnetic flux will always weaken the lower permanent magnet flux That is, the initial downward magnetic flux in the lower core 6 becomes weaker and weaker until 0, and then reversed, the resultant magnetic flux is upward; the electromagnetic flux path generated by the upper coil 10 is: upper core 8 ⁇ upper portion Air gap between the iron core 8 and the upper yoke 12 ⁇ upper yoke 12 ⁇ upper outer casing 9 ⁇ air gap between the upper outer casing 9 and the upper iron core 8 ⁇ upper iron core 8, electromagnetic flux generated by the upper coil 10 In the upper wrought iron 8, the direction of the first permanent magnetic flux is the same, and opposite to the direction of
  • an electromagnetic flux as shown in FIG. 6 is generated, which is opposite to the electromagnetic flux of FIG. 4 when the power is forwarded, and the magnetic flux is applied.
  • the electromagnetic flux of the road weakens the upper permanent magnet flux, and the electromagnetic flux of the lower magnetic circuit portion is superimposed with the first permanent magnet flux, and the second permanent magnet flux is weakened, and the resultant force is continuously downward, and the specific process and the pass
  • the moving member starts to move downward when the resultant force is downward until the lower end surface of the lower iron core 6 is pressed against the lower yoke 2, and the top-to-bottom motion change is completed, as shown in FIG.
  • the magnetic circuit shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 7 is operated, and the permanent magnet (the upper annular permanent magnet 11 and the lower annular permanent magnet 3) provides the holding force in a stable state, and the iron core (lower part)
  • the iron core 6 and the upper iron core 8) are devices in which the switching action is performed, and the yoke (the upper yoke 12 and the lower yoke 2) is a device in which the armature limit is assumed, and the coil core is connected with them as the center.
  • the magnetic circuit of the whole electromagnetic valve composed of other devices directly determines the performance of the whole machine containing the permanent magnet solenoid valve; the magnetic circuit and its corresponding structural design can greatly improve the utilization efficiency of the permanent magnet; the magnetic flux is highly constrained and the structure is simple. It can make the actual assembly of the product more efficient, the consistency with the batch product is better, and the rejection rate of the batch product can be reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Abstract

一种大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀，其属于电磁阀领域。该含永磁电磁阀的上磁路部和下磁路部的结构对称设置，且通过衔铁连接杆（7）和外壳连接环（14）连接在一起；上磁路部包括上部铁芯（8）、上部外壳（9）、上部线圈（10）、上部环形永磁体（11）、上部轭铁（12）和上推杆（13）；下磁路部包括下部铁芯（6）、下部外壳（5）、下部线圈（4）、下部环形永磁体（3）、下部轭铁（2）和下推杆（1）。该含永磁电磁阀双稳态磁保持，永磁体调整保持力可调，响应时间快，输出力高。

Description

大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀 技术领域
本发明涉及大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀，属于电磁阀领域。含永磁电磁阀特指内部设置有永磁体的电磁阀。
背景技术
电磁阀是用电磁控制的工业设备，是用来控制流体的自动化基础元件，属于执行器，并不限于液压、气动。用在工业控制系统中调整介质的方向、流量、速度和其他的参数。电磁阀可以配合不同的电路来实现预期的控制，而控制的精度和灵活性都能够保证。电磁阀有很多种，不同的电磁阀在控制系统的不同位置发挥作用，最常用的是单向阀、安全阀、方向控制阀、速度调节阀等。
但传统的电磁阀具有响应时间慢，输出力低等缺点，不能满足特定情况下的工业生产需求。
发明内容
本发明目的是为了解决现有产生径向偏振光和角向偏振光的装置结构复杂，成本高的问题，提供了一种大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀。
本发明所述大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀，它包括上磁路部、下磁路部、衔铁连接杆7和外壳连接环14，上磁路部和下磁路部的结构对称设置，且通过衔铁连接杆7和外壳连接环14连接在一起；
上磁路部包括上部铁芯8、上部外壳9、上部线圈10、上部环形永磁体11、上部轭铁12和上推杆13；上部外壳9为开口向上的圆桶形结构，上部外壳9的上端开口设置有上部轭铁12，上部轭铁12的中心孔用于容纳上推杆13上下运动；上推杆13设置在上部铁芯8的上端，上部外壳9的底部的中心孔用于容纳上部铁芯8上下运动；上部外壳9的内侧壁设置有上部环形永磁体11，上部环形永磁体11与上部外壳9的底部之间设置有上部线圈10；上部环形永磁体11的内孔与上部铁芯8的外表面之间存在气隙；上部外壳9底部的中心孔内表面与上部铁芯8的外表面之间存在气隙；
下磁路部包括下部铁芯6、下部外壳5、下部线圈4、下部环形永磁体3、下部轭铁2和下推杆1；下部外壳5为开口向下的圆桶形结构，下部外壳5的下 端开口设置有下部轭铁2，下部轭铁2的中心孔用于容纳下推杆1上下运动；下推杆1设置在下部铁芯6的下端，下部外壳5的顶部的中心孔用于容纳下部铁芯6上下运动；下部外壳5的内侧壁设置有下部环形永磁体3，下部环形永磁体3与下部外壳5的顶部之间设置有下部线圈4；下部环形永磁体3的内孔与下部铁芯6的外表面之间存在气隙；下部外壳5顶部的中心孔内表面与与下部铁芯6的外表面之间存在气隙；
上部铁芯8的下端部和下部铁芯6的上端通过衔铁连接杆7固定在一起；
上部外壳9和下部外壳5之间通过外壳连接环14连接在一起，外壳连接环14的上圆环与上部外壳9底部的中心孔的边缘固定连接；外壳连接环14的下圆环与下部外壳5的中心孔的边缘固定连接。
本发明的优点：本发明所述大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀具有对称结构，装配简单；双稳态磁保持，永磁体调整保持力可调，配合不同的反力设计可得到灵活的配置方式；触动条件低，吸合(释放)安匝数小，功率小，具有响应时间快，输出力高的特点。
永磁体远离主触点及灭弧室所在区域，可以减弱高温对于永磁体的不利影响，同时该结构具有良好的抗振性能，实际装配更加高效，同批次产品一致性增强，并降低批次产品的废品率。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀的结构示意图；
图2为上、下线圈未通电时的磁通路径图，此时为初始位置；
图3为上、下线圈通正向电初始时刻的磁通路径图；
图4为上、下线圈通正向电至完成由下至上运动形态改变后的磁通路径图，此时为完成由至上运动形态改变后的位置；
图5为上、下线圈断电时的磁通路径图；
图6为上、下线圈通反向电初始时刻的磁通路径图；
图7为上、下线圈通反向电至完成由上至下运动形态改变后的磁通路径图，此时回至初始位置。
具体实施方式
具体实施方式一：下面结合图1至图7说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述 大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀，它包括上磁路部、下磁路部、衔铁连接杆7和外壳连接环14，上磁路部和下磁路部的结构对称设置，且通过衔铁连接杆7和外壳连接环14连接在一起；
上磁路部包括上部铁芯8、上部外壳9、上部线圈10、上部环形永磁体11、上部轭铁12和上推杆13；上部外壳9为开口向上的圆桶形结构，上部外壳9的上端开口设置有上部轭铁12，上部轭铁12的中心孔用于容纳上推杆13上下运动；上推杆13设置在上部铁芯8的上端，上部外壳9的底部的中心孔用于容纳上部铁芯8上下运动；上部外壳9的内侧壁设置有上部环形永磁体11，上部环形永磁体11与上部外壳9的底部之间设置有上部线圈10；上部环形永磁体11的内孔与上部铁芯8的外表面之间存在气隙；上部外壳9底部的中心孔内表面与上部铁芯8的外表面之间存在气隙；
下磁路部包括下部铁芯6、下部外壳5、下部线圈4、下部环形永磁体3、下部轭铁2和下推杆1；下部外壳5为开口向下的圆桶形结构，下部外壳5的下端开口设置有下部轭铁2，下部轭铁2的中心孔用于容纳下推杆1上下运动；下推杆1设置在下部铁芯6的下端，下部外壳5的顶部的中心孔用于容纳下部铁芯6上下运动；下部外壳5的内侧壁设置有下部环形永磁体3，下部环形永磁体3与下部外壳5的顶部之间设置有下部线圈4；下部环形永磁体3的内孔与下部铁芯6的外表面之间存在气隙；下部外壳5顶部的中心孔内表面与与下部铁芯6的外表面之间存在气隙；
上部铁芯8的下端部和下部铁芯6的上端通过衔铁连接杆7固定在一起；
上部外壳9和下部外壳5之间通过外壳连接环14连接在一起，外壳连接环14的上圆环与上部外壳9底部的中心孔的边缘固定连接；外壳连接环14的下圆环与下部外壳5的中心孔的边缘固定连接。
上推杆13、上部铁芯8、衔铁连接杆7、下部铁芯6和下推杆1构成运动部件，向上运动时，上推杆13从上部轭铁12的中心孔向上伸出，直至上部铁芯8的上端部接触上部轭铁12停止；向下运动时，下推杆1从下部轭铁2的中心孔向下伸出，直至下部铁芯6的下端部接触下部轭铁2停止。
上磁路部和下磁路部的结构是镜向对称的。
上部环形永磁体11和下部环形永磁体3均为径向充磁，且充磁方向相同。
上部铁芯8、下部铁芯6、上部轭铁12、下部轭铁2、上部外壳9和下部外壳5均采用高导磁材料制成。
上部铁芯8和下部铁芯6为圆柱形，纵截面为长方形。
上部线圈10和下部线圈4均采用绕制在线圈骨架上的方式实现。
参见图1，设定上部环形永磁体11和下部环形永磁体3均为内N外S，下面详细说明其工作过程。
图2为上部线圈10和下部线圈4均未通电状态，此时处于初始位置，由于重力因素，下部铁芯6的下端面压在下部轭铁2上，下部铁芯6的下端面和下部轭铁2之间接触，近似于无空隙，磁通只走磁阻最小位置，则下磁路部只存在一条永磁磁通路径：下部环形永磁体3的N极→下部铁芯6→下部轭铁2→下部外壳5→下部环形永磁体3的S极→下部环形永磁体3的N极，下部环形永磁体3和下部铁芯6之间的吸力使得运动部件维持在图1所示的初始位置。上磁路部存在两条并联的永磁磁通路径，第一条路径为：上部环形永磁体11的N极→上部铁芯8→上部铁芯8和上部轭铁12之间的空隙→上部轭铁12→上部外壳9→上部环形永磁体11的S极→上部环形永磁体11的N极；第二条路径为：上部环形永磁体11的N极→上部铁芯8→上部铁芯8和上部外壳9之间的空隙→上部外壳9→上部环形永磁体11的S极→上部环形永磁体11的N极。
图3为上部线圈10和下部线圈4同时通正向电状态，令通正向电时产生如图3所示方向的电磁磁通，下部线圈4产生的电磁磁通路径为：下部铁芯6→下部外壳5→下部轭铁2→下部铁芯6，下部线圈4产生的电磁磁通与下部永磁磁通在下部铁芯6中方向相反，该电磁磁通会一直减弱下部永磁磁通，即下部铁芯6中的初始向下的合成磁通会越来越弱，直至0，再反向，合成磁通向上；上部线圈10产生的电磁磁通路径为：上部铁芯8→上部铁芯8和上部轭铁12之间的气隙→上部轭铁12→上部外壳9→上部外壳9和上部铁芯8之间的气隙→上部铁芯8，上部线圈10产生的电磁磁通在上部铁艺8中与第一条永磁磁通方向相同，与第二条永磁磁通方向相反，该电磁磁通与第一条永磁磁通叠加，增强向上，该电磁磁通减弱第二条永磁磁通，随着电磁磁通的不断增强第一条永磁磁通，并不断减弱第二条永磁磁通，当下部铁芯6的合成磁通与上部铁芯8的合成磁通的合力是向上时，运动部件开始向上动作，直至上部铁芯8的上端面顶在上部轭铁12的下表面为止，如图4所示，完成由下至上运动形态改变。若正向电一直通，则一直保持图4所示状态。在图4所示位置，上磁路部只有一条永磁磁通，下磁路部有两条并联的永磁磁通。
若此时上部线圈10和下部线圈4同时断电，则，上部线圈10和下部线圈4 产生两条电磁磁通自然就没有了，参见图5，上磁路部只存在一条永磁磁通路径：上部环形永磁体11的N极→上部铁芯8→上部轭铁12→上部外壳9→上部环形永磁体11的S极→上部环形永磁体11的N极；上部铁芯8和上部环形永磁体11之间的吸力使得上部铁芯8维持在该位置；下磁路部存在两条并联的永磁磁通路径，第一路径：下部环形永磁体3的N极→下部铁芯6→下部铁芯6和下部轭铁2之间的气隙→下部轭铁2→下部外壳5→下部环形永磁体3的S极→下部环形永磁体3的N极，第二路径：下部环形永磁体3的N极→下部铁芯6→下部铁芯6和下部外壳5之间的气隙→下部外壳5→下部环形永磁体3的S极→下部环形永磁体3的N极。这两条永磁磁通在下部铁芯6中的方向相反，但其合成磁通会小于上部铁芯8中的磁通，因此，运动部件不会改变位置。
若此时上部线圈10和下部线圈4同时通反向电，则产生如图6所示的电磁磁通，该电磁磁通与通正向电时的图4的电磁磁通方向相反，上磁路部的电磁磁通减弱上部永磁磁通，下磁路部的电磁磁通与第一条永磁磁通叠加增强，减弱第二条永磁磁通，合力不断向下，具体过程与通正向电时相反，运动部件在合力向下时开始向下运动，直至下部铁芯6的下端面压在下部轭铁2为止，完成由上至下运动形态改变，如图7所示。
在通电、断电不同状态时，按照图2至图7所示的磁路进行动作，永磁体(上部环形永磁体11、下部环形永磁体3)提供稳定状态下的保持力，铁芯(下部铁芯6、上部铁芯8)是其中承担开关动作的器件，而轭铁(上部轭铁12、下部轭铁2)是其中承担衔铁限位的器件，以它们为中心，连接线圈铁芯等其它器件组成的整个电磁阀磁路直接决定着含永磁电磁阀的整机性能；磁路与其相应的结构设计可以极大的提高永磁体的利用效率；磁通约束高效、结构简易的磁路，可以使得产品实际装配更加高效，同批次产品一致性更好，并可降低批次产品的废品率。

Claims (5)

  1. 大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀，其特征在于，它包括上磁路部、下磁路部、衔铁连接杆(7)和外壳连接环(14)，上磁路部和下磁路部的结构对称设置，且通过衔铁连接杆(7)和外壳连接环(14)连接在一起；
    上磁路部包括上部铁芯(8)、上部外壳(9)、上部线圈(10)、上部环形永磁体(11)、上部轭铁(12)和上推杆(13)；上部外壳(9)为开口向上的圆桶形结构，上部外壳(9)的上端开口设置有上部轭铁(12)，上部轭铁(12)的中心孔用于容纳上推杆(13)上下运动；上推杆(13)设置在上部铁芯(8)的上端，上部外壳(9)的底部的中心孔用于容纳上部铁芯(8)上下运动；上部外壳(9)的内侧壁设置有上部环形永磁体(11)，上部环形永磁体(11)与上部外壳(9)的底部之间设置有上部线圈(10)；上部环形永磁体(11)的内孔与上部铁芯(8)的外表面之间存在气隙；上部外壳(9)底部的中心孔内表面与上部铁芯(8)的外表面之间存在气隙；
    下磁路部包括下部铁芯(6)、下部外壳(5)、下部线圈(4)、下部环形永磁体(3)、下部轭铁(2)和下推杆(1)；下部外壳(5)为开口向下的圆桶形结构，下部外壳(5)的下端开口设置有下部轭铁(2)，下部轭铁(2)的中心孔用于容纳下推杆(1)上下运动；下推杆(1)设置在下部铁芯(6)的下端，下部外壳(5)的顶部的中心孔用于容纳下部铁芯(6)上下运动；下部外壳(5)的内侧壁设置有下部环形永磁体(3)，下部环形永磁体(3)与下部外壳(5)的顶部之间设置有下部线圈(4)；下部环形永磁体(3)的内孔与下部铁芯(6)的外表面之间存在气隙；下部外壳(5)顶部的中心孔内表面与下部铁芯(6)的外表面之间存在气隙；
    上部铁芯(8)的下端部和下部铁芯(6)的上端通过衔铁连接杆(7)固定在一起；
    上部外壳(9)和下部外壳(5)之间通过外壳连接环(14)连接在一起，外壳连接环(14)的上圆环与上部外壳(9)底部的中心孔的边缘固定连接；外壳连接环(14)的下圆环与下部外壳(5)的中心孔的边缘固定连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀，其特征在于，上部环形永磁体(11)和下部环形永磁体(3)均为径向充磁，且充磁方向相同。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀，其特征在于， 上部铁芯(8)、下部铁芯(6)、上部轭铁(12)、下部轭铁(2)、上部外壳(9)和下部外壳(5)均采用高导磁材料制成。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀，其特征在于，上部铁芯(8)和下部铁芯(6)为圆柱形，纵截面为长方形。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述大功率双向无返簧的含永磁电磁阀，其特征在于，上部线圈(10)和下部线圈(4)均采用绕制在线圈骨架上的方式实现。
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