WO2015174246A1 - ガスタービンサイクル設備、排ガスのco2回収設備及び燃焼排ガスの排熱回収方法 - Google Patents
ガスタービンサイクル設備、排ガスのco2回収設備及び燃焼排ガスの排熱回収方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015174246A1 WO2015174246A1 PCT/JP2015/062473 JP2015062473W WO2015174246A1 WO 2015174246 A1 WO2015174246 A1 WO 2015174246A1 JP 2015062473 W JP2015062473 W JP 2015062473W WO 2015174246 A1 WO2015174246 A1 WO 2015174246A1
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- Prior art keywords
- compressed air
- heat
- heat exchange
- exhaust gas
- air
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 132
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012720 thermal barrier coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/08—Heating air supply before combustion, e.g. by exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
- F02C6/06—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output providing compressed gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
- F01K21/04—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for using mixtures of steam and gas; Plants generating or heating steam by bringing water or steam into direct contact with hot gas
- F01K21/047—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for using mixtures of steam and gas; Plants generating or heating steam by bringing water or steam into direct contact with hot gas having at least one combustion gas turbine
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- F02C3/04—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid having a turbine driving a compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/30—Adding water, steam or other fluids for influencing combustion, e.g. to obtain cleaner exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
- F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
- F02C3/30—Adding water, steam or other fluids for influencing combustion, e.g. to obtain cleaner exhaust gases
- F02C3/305—Increasing the power, speed, torque or efficiency of a gas turbine or the thrust of a turbojet engine by injecting or adding water, steam or other fluids
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- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/14—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/14—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel
- F02C7/141—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid
- F02C7/143—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid before or between the compressor stages
- F02C7/1435—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel of working fluid before or between the compressor stages by water injection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
- F22B1/1815—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines using the exhaust gases of gas-turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
- F28C1/14—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers comprising also a non-direct contact heat exchange
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2252/00—Absorbents, i.e. solvents and liquid materials for gas absorption
- B01D2252/20—Organic absorbents
- B01D2252/204—Amines
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- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
- F05D2220/75—Application in combination with equipment using fuel having a low calorific value, e.g. low BTU fuel, waste end, syngas, biomass fuel or flare gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F05D2220/76—Application in combination with an electrical generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F05D2240/35—Combustors or associated equipment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
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- F05D2260/211—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by intercooling, e.g. during a compression cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
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- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/212—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by water injection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/213—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by the provision of a heat exchanger within the cooling circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
- F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
- F28C2001/006—Systems comprising cooling towers, e.g. for recooling a cooling medium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas turbine cycle facility for improving cycle efficiency, a CO 2 recovery facility for exhaust gas, and an exhaust heat recovery method for combustion exhaust gas.
- an exhaust heat recovery boiler for effectively using combustion exhaust gas from the gas turbine is used.
- This exhaust heat recovery boiler Heat Recovery Steam Generator: HRSG
- HRSG Heat Recovery Steam Generator
- S / T steam turbine
- GTCC gas turbine combined cycle
- heat recovery from high-temperature combustion exhaust gas is performed using multiple stages such as high-pressure, medium-pressure, and low-pressure economizers, evaporators, superheaters, and reheaters. Since heat was recovered at a temperature below the pressure, heat exchange was performed so as not to reach the temperature drop line and pinch point of the combustion exhaust gas. In addition, there is a problem that reheating in the reheater can only be performed at a temperature of about 600 ° C.
- the gas turbine efficiency was about 60% even when the gas turbine inlet temperature was high pressure / high temperature of, for example, 1500 ° C. class.
- the gas turbine inlet temperature was high pressure / high temperature of, for example, 1500 ° C. class.
- various barriers such as a turbine cooling technique, a thermal barrier coating technique, and a heat-resistant material technique.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a gas turbine cycle facility, an exhaust gas CO 2 recovery facility, and a combustion exhaust gas exhaust heat recovery method capable of improving the gas turbine cycle efficiency.
- a first invention of the present invention for solving the above-described problem is a gas having a combustor that burns compressed air and fuel, and a power turbine that is driven by high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas from the combustor.
- a turbine, and a waste heat recovery device that recovers thermal energy from the combustion exhaust gas that has driven the power turbine, wherein the compressed air is compressed by a primary air compressor that compresses air, and the primary A first heat exchanging unit that indirectly heat-exchanges the combustion exhaust gas and the secondary compressed air, the secondary heat compressed by a secondary air compressor that further compresses the compressed air.
- the air saturation tank of the second heat exchanging unit communicates at one end with a feed water header for introducing the feed water and the feed water header, and the exhaust heat recovery device
- a storage header having a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged in the inside, a communication header that communicates with the heat exchange tube at the other end, stores the supply water, and introduces the primary compressed air into the space of the storage unit
- a supply water circulation line that circulates the supply water, and passes the primary compressed air through the tube space of the supply water that circulates in a wet wall shape along the inner wall surface of the heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange.
- the combustion exhaust gas abutting on the outer periphery of the tube heat-exchanges the primary compressed air, generates steam while heating the supply water, and accompanies the generated steam with the heat-exchanged primary compressed air.
- a third invention is the air saturation tank according to the first or second invention, wherein the cooling tower for cooling the exhaust gas after heat exchange discharged from the exhaust heat recovery device, and the condensed water is used as the supply water.
- a gas turbine cycle facility comprising a supply water supply line that supplies a supply water circulation line through which supply water circulates.
- the exhaust heat recovery device further includes the combustion exhaust gas after passing through the second heat exchange unit, and the supply water in the supply water supply line.
- the gas turbine cycle facility is provided with a third heat exchanging portion for indirectly exchanging heat.
- an exhaust gas comprising the gas turbine cycle equipment according to any one of the first to fourth aspects and a CO 2 recovery device that recovers CO 2 in the exhaust gas from the cooling tower.
- a CO 2 recovery device that recovers CO 2 in the exhaust gas from the cooling tower.
- the CO 2 absorption tower in which the CO 2 recovery apparatus is absorbed by the absorbing liquid CO 2 in the flue gas, the absorbent regenerator to regenerate the absorbing solution that has absorbed CO 2 And an exhaust gas CO 2 recovery facility characterized in that the absorption liquid is circulated and reused.
- the seventh invention uses the gas turbine cycle equipment of the first invention, and exchanges heat of the combustion exhaust gas from the gas turbine with high-pressure secondary compressed air in the first heat exchange section of the exhaust heat recovery device.
- the heat exchange exhaust gas is used to recover the low pressure primary compressed air in the second heat exchange section of the air saturation tank, and then the primary compressed air recovered in the second heat exchange section is introduced into the secondary air compressor, After the pressure is increased, heat is recovered at the first heat exchanging section to form secondary compressed air, and the secondary compressed air is used to introduce into the combustor and burn with fuel.
- the heat exchange exhaust gas is used to recover the low pressure primary compressed air in the second heat exchange section of the air saturation tank, and then the primary compressed air recovered in the second heat exchange section is introduced into the secondary air compressor, After the pressure is increased, heat is recovered at the first heat exchanging section to form secondary compressed air, and the secondary compressed air is used to introduce into the combustor and burn with fuel. In the heat recovery method.
- the combustion exhaust gas from the gas turbine is used to exchange heat with the high-pressure secondary compressed air in the first heat exchange unit of the exhaust heat recovery apparatus, and the low-pressure primary compression is performed using the heat exchange exhaust gas.
- Heat is recovered from the air in the second heat exchange section of the air saturation tank.
- the primary compressed air recovered by the second heat exchange unit is introduced into the secondary air compressor to obtain a high pressure, and then the heat is recovered by the first heat exchange unit to obtain the secondary compressed air.
- FIG. 1-1 is a schematic diagram of a gas turbine cycle facility according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1-2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of temperature and pressure conditions of the gas turbine cycle facility according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of the gas turbine cycle facility according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the heat exchange tube.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange tube.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchange tube.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between temperature and enthalpy in the temperature drop line of combustion exhaust gas, the feed water temperature, and the rise line of compressed air.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another gas turbine cycle facility according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the exhaust gas CO 2 recovery facility according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 1-1 is a schematic diagram of a gas turbine cycle facility according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1-2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of temperature and pressure conditions of the engaging gas turbine cycle facility according to the first embodiment.
- a gas turbine cycle facility 10A according to this embodiment is driven by a combustor 14 that combusts compressed air and fuel 13, and a high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas 15 from the combustor 14.
- a gas turbine 17 having a power turbine 16 and a waste heat recovery device 19 that recovers thermal energy from the combustion exhaust gas 18 that has driven the power turbine 16, and the compressed air 12 compresses the air 12 a by primary air compression.
- the air 12A and the supply water 30 are indirectly heat-exchanged in the air saturation tank 31, and are composed of the second heat exchange part 19B accompanied by the water vapor 38 in the primary compressed air 12A, and the air saturation tank 31 of the second heat exchange part 19B.
- the primary compressed air 12B accompanied by water vapor exchanged in the heat is introduced into the secondary air compressor 22 to form high pressure secondary compressed air (low temperature) 12C
- the high pressure secondary compressed air (low temperature) 12C Heat exchange at the first heat exchanging portion 19A to form high-pressure secondary compressed air (high temperature) 12D, and then introduce the high-pressure secondary compressed air (high temperature) 12D into the combustor 14 as compressed air for combustion It is.
- An exchange unit 19C is further provided.
- the cooling line L 10 includes a cooling tower 41 that cools the exhaust gas 40 after heat exchange discharged from the exhaust heat recovery device 19 and a cooler 42 that circulates the cooling tower 41 with a pump P 1. And a supply water supply line L 11 for supplying the condensed water 44 condensed in the cooling tower 41 as the supply water 30 to the air saturation tank 31.
- reference numeral 45 is discharged water
- 46 is a chimney
- G is a generator connected to the power turbine 16
- L 1 is an air introduction line
- L 2 is primary compressed air supply.
- L 3 secondary compressed air supply line L 4 is the fuel supply line
- L 5 is a combustion gas supply line
- L 6 is a combustion exhaust gas discharge line
- L 7 is the exhaust gas line
- L 8 is an exhaust gas 40 to the chimney 46 exhaust gas discharge line for discharging
- L 12 illustrates each drainage line.
- the gas turbine 17 includes primary and secondary air compressors 21 and 22, a combustor 14, and a power turbine 16.
- the gas turbine 17 receives air 12 a introduced from the outside by the primary and secondary air compressors 21 and 22.
- the compressed air 12 that has been compressed to a high temperature and high pressure is guided to the combustor 14 side.
- the high-temperature / high-pressure compressed air 12 and the fuel 13 are injected and burned to generate a high-temperature (for example, 1500 ° C.) combustion gas 15.
- the combustion gas 15 is injected into the power turbine 16, and the power turbine 16 converts the thermal energy of the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas 15 into rotational energy.
- Coaxial primary / secondary air compressors 21 and 22 are driven by this rotational energy, and generator G is driven by the remaining rotational energy that has driven this compressor to generate electric power.
- the combustion exhaust gas 18 that has driven the power turbine 16 is guided to the exhaust heat recovery device 19 in order to recover its thermal energy.
- the exhaust heat recovery device 19 includes a first heat exchange unit 19A and a second heat exchange unit 19B.
- first heat exchanging section 19A As shown in FIG. 1-2, secondary compressed air (low temperature 275 ° C./pressure 21 data ( 2.1 MPa)) 12C is heat exchanged.
- second heat exchange section 19B on the downstream side of the first heat exchange section 19A, the primary compressed air (temperature 224 ° C./pressure 6 ata (0.6 MPa)) 12A is introduced into the air saturation tank 31 for heat exchange. It is.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the heat exchange tube
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are schematic cross-sectional views of the heat exchange tube.
- the air saturation tank 31 communicates with the supply water header 32 for introducing the supply water 30 condensed in the cooling tower 41, the supply water header 32 and the one end 33 a side, and the inside of the exhaust heat recovery device 19.
- FIG. 4 and 5 are views showing a state in which supply water is supplied to the heat exchange tube 33 in the supply water header 32.
- FIG. FIG. 4 uses a supply nozzle 39 provided in the supply water header 32 for supplying the supply water 30, and the supply water 30 sprayed from the supply nozzle 39 is wet along the wall surface 33 d in the heat exchange tube 33. It is dropped while forming a water film 30a in a wall shape.
- FIG. 5 as the supply of the supply water 30, the supply water 30 is overflowed from the storage portion 32 a of the supply water header 32, and the overflowed supply water 30 is wetted along the wall surface 33 d in the heat exchange tube 33. And dropped while forming the water film 30a.
- the primary compressed air is supplied into the tube space 33 c of the supply water 30 that is dropped and circulated by the water film 30 a along the wall surface 33 d of the plurality of heat exchange tubes 33.
- 12A is passed from below.
- heat exchange is performed by the combustion exhaust gas 18 ⁇ / b> A that contacts the outer periphery of the heat exchange tube 33.
- steam 38 is generated while heating the feed water 30 flowing down, and the generated steam 38 is entrained in the heat-exchanged primary compressed air 12A to form primary compressed air (containing water vapor) 12B. Yes.
- the supply water 30 is jetted by the supply nozzle 39 and flows into the heat exchange tube 33.
- the supply water 30 that has flowed into the heat exchange tube 33 falls along the wall surface 33d of the heat exchange tube 33 while forming a water film 30a in the form of a wet wall, and is stored in the storage header 37 on the downstream side.
- the stored supply water 30 is circulated again to the supply water header 32 by the supply water circulation line L 20 via the pump P 2 .
- the wet wall-shaped water film 30a flowing inside the heat exchange tube 33 is indirectly heated by the heat of the combustion exhaust gas 18A from the outside, and the supply water 30 becomes the water vapor 38 by the heat exchange, and the primary compressed air. It is accompanied by 12A and becomes primary compressed air (water vapor-containing) 12B.
- the second heat exchange unit 19B performs heat exchange using the combustion exhaust gas 18A that has contributed to heat exchange in the first heat exchange unit 19A.
- the primary compressed air (pressure 6ata (0.6 MPa)) 12A introduced into the space 35 in the storage header 37 of the air saturation tank 31 is cooled by the introduced supply water 30, and the temperature thereof is, for example, 224 ° C. Drops to 84 ° C. in the space 35.
- the primary compressed air 12A that has reached this low temperature (84 ° C.) is indirectly heat-exchanged by the combustion exhaust gas 18A after the first heat exchange in the air saturation tank 31 of the second heat exchange unit 19B, and the temperature is 107 ° C. It becomes primary compressed air (water vapor-containing) 12B (pressure 6ata).
- This primary compressed air (containing water vapor) 12B is then introduced into the secondary air compressor 22 where it is compressed for the second time, and high pressure (pressure 21 data (2.1 MPa)) secondary compressed air (low temperature: 275 ° C.). ) 12C.
- this secondary compressed air 12C has a low temperature (275 ° C.), it becomes possible to exchange heat with the high-temperature (for example, 617 ° C.) combustion exhaust gas 18 in the first heat exchanging portion 19A of the exhaust heat recovery device 19, and the high pressure Secondary compressed air (high temperature 565 ° C.) 12D.
- the high-temperature for example, 617 ° C.
- the high pressure Secondary compressed air high temperature 565 ° C.
- the entire amount of the primary compressed air 12A passing through the primary air compressor 21 and having a low pressure (pressure 6ata) is introduced into the second heat exchanging part 19B of the exhaust heat recovery device 19, and the first Heat exchange is performed between the combustion exhaust gas 18 ⁇ / b> A after heat exchange in the 1 heat exchange unit 19 ⁇ / b> A and the air saturation tank 31.
- the primary compressed air (containing water vapor) (107 ° C.) 12B is then further compressed by the secondary air compressor 22 to become high-pressure (pressure 21 ata) secondary compressed air (low temperature: 275 ° C.) 12C.
- high-pressure pressure 21 ata
- secondary compressed air low temperature: 275 ° C.
- this high-pressure secondary compressed air (low temperature: 275 ° C.) 12C is introduced into the first heat exchanging part 19A of the exhaust heat recovery device 19 to become high-pressure secondary compressed air (high temperature: 565 ° C.) 12D, It is introduced into the combustor 14.
- the amount of the entrained water vapor 38 is small, so that the combustion in the combustor 14 is increased to a high temperature of, for example, 1500 ° C. Is possible.
- the third heat exchange unit 19C when the third heat exchange unit 19C is installed and the condensed water obtained by condensing the moisture in the combustion exhaust gas 18C in the cooling tower 41 is supplied to the air saturation tank 31 as the supply water 30, heat exchange is performed. By doing so, the exhaust heat recovery efficiency of the combustion exhaust gas 18 is further improved. That is, since the temperature of the feed water 30 cooled and condensed by the cooling tower 41 is about 40 ° C., the feed water 30 at 40 ° C. is passed through the third heat exchanging portion 19C, and combustion exhaust gas (120 ° C.) The heat is exchanged with 18B and supplied to the storage header 37 side as supply water 30 having a temperature of 88 ° C.
- the exhaust heat recovery device 19 of the present embodiment uses the first heat exchange unit 19A, the second heat exchange unit 19B, and the third heat exchange unit 19C. Since each of them efficiently exchanges heat, the high-temperature (617 ° C.) combustion exhaust gas 18 is recovered to a low temperature (95 ° C.), thereby improving the heat recovery efficiency. Further, since the amount of the water vapor 38 accompanying the primary compressed air (containing water vapor) 12B is small, the exhaust loss is small.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between temperature and enthalpy in the temperature drop line of combustion exhaust gas, the feed water temperature, and the rise line of compressed air.
- the temperature of the flue gas 18 gradually decreases in the first heat exchange unit 19A, the second heat exchange unit 19B, and the third heat exchange unit 19C (first heat exchange unit 19A (617 ° C. ⁇ 336 ° C.), second heat exchanging portion 19B (336 ° C. ⁇ 120 ° C.) and third heat exchanging portion 19C (120 ° C. ⁇ 95 ° C.)).
- the feed water 30 rises from 40 ° C. to 88 ° C. in the third heat exchanging section 19C, and the temperature of the primary compressed air 12A falls in the air saturation tank 31, and thus rises from 84 ° C. to 107 ° C.
- the secondary compressed air 12C rises from 275 ° C. to 565 ° C. in the first heat exchange unit 19A.
- the gas turbine cycle efficiency is 66.76% (LHV base) due to the relationship between heat input and exhaust loss. This was able to achieve a significant improvement of about 6.7% or more than 60% of the conventional 1500 ° C. class gas turbine cycle efficiency.
- the efficiency (LHV) of a gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) power plant equipped with a waste heat recovery boiler using a conventional high pressure, medium pressure, and low pressure boiler is about 60%. Can rise significantly.
- the exhaust heat recovery device 19 of the present embodiment uses a first heat exchange unit 19A, a second heat exchange unit 19B, and a third heat exchange unit 19C.
- the third heat exchange unit 19C can be omitted.
- the high-temperature (617 ° C.) combustion exhaust gas 18 is recovered to a low temperature (120 ° C.), and the heat recovery efficiency is somewhat lower than that of the gas turbine cycle facility 10A in FIG. Can be achieved.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the exhaust gas CO 2 recovery facility according to the second embodiment.
- the exhaust gas CO 2 recovery facility 50 according to the present embodiment includes the gas turbine cycle facility 10A according to the first embodiment and a CO 2 recovery device 51 that recovers CO 2 in the exhaust gas 40 from which moisture from the cooling tower 41 has been removed. I have.
- the CO 2 recovery device 51 includes a CO 2 absorption tower 53 that removes CO 2 in the exhaust gas 40 that has been cooled by the cooling tower 41 by the absorption liquid 52 and an absorption liquid regeneration tower 54 that regenerates the absorption liquid 52.
- the CO 2 recovery apparatus 51 absorbs and removes CO 2 contained in the exhaust gas 40 in the amine absorption liquid in the CO 2 absorption tower 53, It is discharged as a treated exhaust gas 55 from the top side of the CO 2 absorption tower 53. Further, the absorption liquid 52 that has absorbed CO 2, in the absorbent regenerator 54 is regenerated by steam stripping with reboiler 59, circulation line L 21 of a closed system to reuse at the CO 2 absorber 53 again, L 22 Is building.
- the amine-based absorbent is brought into contact with the exhaust gas 40, for example, so as to take in CO 2 into the amine absorbent.
- the gas 56 containing CO 2 removed by the steam stripping is discharged on the absorption liquid regeneration tower 54 side, moisture is removed by a gas-liquid separator, and CO 2 is recovered as gas.
- a cooling tower is separately provided on the upstream side of the CO 2 recovery device to cool the exhaust gas.
- the exhaust gas 40 obtains supply water 30. Therefore, in the CO 2 recovery facility 50 for exhaust gas of this embodiment, it is not necessary to install a separate cooling facility.
- the CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas is 3.5 to 4.0 Vol.
- the CO 2 concentration in the exhaust gas is 5-7 Vol. As a result, the amount of exhaust gas can be reduced, and the CO 2 recovery facility becomes compact.
- a CO 2 absorption tower 53 that absorbs CO 2 in the exhaust gas 40 with the absorption liquid 52 and an absorption liquid regeneration tower 54 that regenerates the absorption liquid 52 that has absorbed CO 2.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and any equipment that can recover CO 2 in the exhaust gas may be used.
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Abstract
Description
図1-1に示すように、本実施例に係るガスタービンサイクル設備10Aは、圧縮空気と燃料13とを燃焼する燃焼器14と、燃焼器14からの高温・高圧の燃焼ガス15により駆動されるパワータービン16とを有するガスタービン17と、パワータービン16を駆動した燃焼排ガス18から熱エネルギーを回収する排熱回収装置19と、を備え、圧縮空気12は、空気12aを圧縮する一次空気圧縮機21により圧縮された一次圧縮空気12Aと、一次圧縮空気12Aをさらに圧縮する二次空気圧縮機22により圧縮された二次圧縮空気12Cとからなり、排熱回収装置19は、燃焼排ガス18と二次圧縮空気12Cとを間接熱交換する第1熱交換部19Aと、第1熱交換部19Aを通過し、第1熱交換後の燃焼排ガス18Aと一次圧縮空気12A及び供給水30とを空気飽和槽31で間接熱交換し、一次圧縮空気12Aに水蒸気38を同伴する第2熱交換部19Bとからなると共に、第2熱交換部19Bの空気飽和槽31で熱交換した水蒸気を同伴する一次圧縮空気12Bを、二次空気圧縮機22に導入して高圧の二次圧縮空気(低温)12Cとした後、該高圧の二次圧縮空気(低温)12Cを第1熱交換部19Aで熱交換して高圧の二次圧縮空気(高温)12Dとし、その後、該高圧の二次圧縮空気(高温)12Dを燃焼器14に燃焼用の圧縮空気として導入するものである。
なお、図1-1、図1-2中、符号45は排出水、46は煙突、Gはパワータービン16に連結され発電する発電機、L1は空気導入ライン、L2は一次圧縮空気供給ライン、L3は二次圧縮空気供給ライン、L4は燃料供給ライン、L5は燃焼ガス供給ライン、L6は燃焼排ガス排出ライン、L7は排ガスライン、L8は排ガス40を煙突46へ排出する排ガス排出ライン、L12は排水ラインを各々図示する。
第1熱交換部19Aでは、図1-2に示すように、パワータービン16から排出される高温(例えば617℃)の燃焼排ガス18を用いて、二次圧縮空気(低温275℃/圧力21ata(2.1MPa))12Cを熱交換するものである。また、第1熱交換部19Aの下流側の第2熱交換部19Bでは、一次圧縮空気(温度224℃/圧力6ata(0.6MPa))12Aを空気飽和槽31に導入して熱交換するものである。
図2に示すように、空気飽和槽31は、冷却塔41で凝縮された供給水30を導入する供給水ヘッダ32と、供給水ヘッダ32と一端33a側で連通し、排熱回収装置19内に配置される複数の熱交換チューブ33と、熱交換チューブ33と他端33b側で連通し、供給水30を貯留部34内で貯留すると共に、この貯留部34の上方側の空間35内に一次圧縮空気12Aを導入する導入部36を有する貯留ヘッダ37と、供給水30をポンプP2により循環する供給水循環ラインL20とを備えている。
図4は、供給水30の供給として、供給水ヘッダ32に設けた供給ノズル39を用いており、供給ノズル39から散布された供給水30は、熱交換チューブ33内の壁面33dに沿って濡れ壁状で水膜30aを形成しつつ落下される。
図5は、供給水30の供給として、供給水ヘッダ32の貯留部32aから供給水30をオーバーフローさせており、オーバーフローした供給水30は、熱交換チューブ33内の壁面33dに沿って濡れ壁状で水膜30aを形成しつつ落下される。
この低い温度(84℃)となった一次圧縮空気12Aは、第2熱交換部19Bの空気飽和槽31において、第1熱交換後の燃焼排ガス18Aにより間接的に熱交換され、温度が107℃(圧力6ata)の一次圧縮空気(含水蒸気)12Bとなる。
また、一次圧縮空気(含水蒸気)12Bに同伴される水蒸気38の量は少ないので、排気損失が少ないものとなる。
図6に示すように、燃焼排ガス18は第1熱交換部19A、第2熱交換部19B及び第3熱交換部19Cにおいて、徐々に温度が低下する(第1熱交換部19A(617℃→336℃)、第2熱交換部19B(336℃→120℃)及び第3熱交換部19C(120℃→95℃))。
この場合には、高温(617℃)の燃焼排ガス18を低温(120℃)まで熱回収することとなり、図1のガスタービンサイクル設備10Aよりは、熱回収効率が多少低下するが、設備の簡素化を図ることができる。
12a 空気
12 圧縮空気
12A 一次圧縮空気
12B 一次圧縮空気(含水蒸気)
12C 二次圧縮空気(低温)
12D 二次圧縮空気(高温)
13 燃料
14 燃焼器
15 燃焼ガス
16 パワータービン
17 ガスタービン
18、18A~18C 燃焼排ガス
19 排熱回収装置
19A 第1熱交換部
19B 第2熱交換部
19C 第3熱交換部
21 一次空気圧縮機
22 二次空気圧縮機
31 空気飽和槽
32 供給水ヘッダ
33 熱交換チューブ
34 貯留部
35 空間
37 貯留ヘッダ
38 水蒸気
40 排ガス
50 排ガスのCO2回収設備
51 CO2回収装置
Claims (7)
- 圧縮空気と燃料とを燃焼する燃焼器と、前記燃焼器からの高温・高圧の燃焼ガスにより駆動されるパワータービンとを有するガスタービンと、
前記パワータービンを駆動した燃焼排ガスから熱エネルギーを回収する排熱回収装置と、を備え、
前記圧縮空気は、空気を圧縮する一次空気圧縮機により圧縮された一次圧縮空気と、前記一次圧縮空気をさらに圧縮する二次空気圧縮機により圧縮された二次圧縮空気とからなり、
前記排熱回収装置は、前記燃焼排ガスと前記二次圧縮空気とを間接熱交換する第1熱交換部と、
前記第1熱交換部を通過し、第1熱交換後の燃焼排ガスと前記一次圧縮空気及び供給水とを空気飽和槽で間接熱交換し、前記一次圧縮空気に水蒸気を同伴する第2熱交換部とからなると共に、
前記第2熱交換部の空気飽和槽で熱交換した水蒸気を同伴する一次圧縮空気を、前記二次空気圧縮機に導入して高圧の低温二次圧縮空気とした後、該高圧の低温二次圧縮空気を前記第1熱交換部で熱交換して高圧の高温二次圧縮空気とし、その後、該高圧の高温二次圧縮空気を前記燃焼器に導入することを特徴とするガスタービンサイクル設備。 - 請求項1において、
前記第2熱交換部の空気飽和槽は、前記供給水を導入する供給水ヘッダと、
前記供給水ヘッダと一端で連通し、前記排熱回収装置内に配置される複数の熱交換チューブと、
前記熱交換チューブと他端で連通し、前記供給水を貯留すると共に、貯留部の空間内に前記一次圧縮空気を導入する導入部を有する貯留ヘッダと、
前記供給水を循環する供給水循環ラインとを備え、
前記熱交換チューブの内壁面に沿って濡れ壁状で循環する供給水のチューブ空間内に、一次圧縮空気を通過させると共に、前記熱交換チューブの外周に当接する前記燃焼排ガスにより、前記一次圧縮空気を熱交換すると共に、前記供給水を加熱しつつ水蒸気を発生させ、該発生した水蒸気を熱交換された前記一次圧縮空気に同伴することを特徴とするガスタービンサイクル設備。 - 請求項1又は2において、
前記排熱回収装置から排出された熱交換後の排ガスを冷却する冷却塔と、凝縮された凝縮水を前記供給水として、前記空気飽和槽内を供給水が循環する供給水循環ラインに供給する供給水供給ラインとを備えたことを特徴とするガスタービンサイクル設備。 - 請求項1乃至3のいずれか一つにおいて、
前記排熱回収装置は、さらに第2熱交換部通過後の前記燃焼排ガスと、前記供給水供給ライン中の前記供給水とを間接熱交換する第3熱交換部を備えることを特徴とするガスタービンサイクル設備。 - 請求項1乃至4のいずれか一つのガスタービンサイクル設備と、
前記冷却塔からの排ガス中のCO2を回収するCO2回収装置とを備えたことを特徴とする排ガスのCO2回収設備。 - 請求項5において、
前記CO2回収装置が排ガス中のCO2を吸収液で吸収するCO2吸収塔と、CO2を吸収した吸収液を再生する吸収液再生塔とを備え、吸収液を循環再利用することを特徴とする排ガスのCO2回収設備。 - 請求項1のガスタービンサイクル設備を用い、
ガスタービンからの燃焼排ガスを、排熱回収装置の第1熱交換部で高圧の二次圧縮空気と熱交換させると共に、この熱交換排ガスを用いて低圧の一次圧縮空気を空気飽和槽の第2熱交換部で熱回収し、次いで前記第2熱交換部で熱回収した一次圧縮空気を二次空気圧縮機に導入し、高圧とした後、前記第1熱交換部で熱回収して二次圧縮空気とし、この二次圧縮空気を用いて、燃焼器に導入して燃料により燃焼させることを特徴とする燃焼排ガスの排熱回収方法。
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CA2947254A CA2947254C (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2015-04-24 | Gas turbine cycle equipment, equipment for recovering co2 from flue gas, and method for recovering exhaust heat from combustion flue gas |
EP15792546.2A EP3128151B1 (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2015-04-24 | Gas turbine cycle equipment, equipment for recovering co2 from exhaust gas, and method for recovering exhaust heat from combustion exhaust gas |
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GB2546723B (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2021-06-02 | Hieta Tech Limited | Inverted brayton cycle heat engine |
WO2018074443A1 (ja) * | 2016-10-19 | 2018-04-26 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 二酸化炭素回収システム、火力発電設備、及び、二酸化炭素回収方法 |
US20180216532A1 (en) * | 2017-01-31 | 2018-08-02 | General Electric Company | System and method for treating exhaust gas |
CZ201826A3 (cs) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-06-12 | Vysoká Škola Báňská-Technická Univerzita Ostrava | Zařízení pro výrobu elektřiny s využitím akumulace médií |
JP2019190359A (ja) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-10-31 | 三菱重工エンジニアリング株式会社 | プラント及び燃焼排ガス処理方法 |
CN111664438B (zh) * | 2019-03-07 | 2021-10-08 | 中石化广州工程有限公司 | 一种水帘式定期排污扩容器 |
JP7412102B2 (ja) * | 2019-07-24 | 2024-01-12 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | ガスタービンプラント |
US11326513B1 (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2022-05-10 | Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction Co., Ltd. | Hybrid power generation equipment |
DE102022115556A1 (de) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-12-28 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Strömungsmaschine |
CN115060070B (zh) * | 2022-06-23 | 2024-03-15 | 北新建材(陕西)有限公司 | 一种利用干燥机余热加热冷水的温度循环控制使用系统 |
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CA2947254A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
US10480406B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
EP3128151B1 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
EP3128151A4 (en) | 2017-04-26 |
US20170114718A1 (en) | 2017-04-27 |
JP2015218634A (ja) | 2015-12-07 |
CA2947254C (en) | 2018-10-23 |
EP3128151A1 (en) | 2017-02-08 |
JP6327941B2 (ja) | 2018-05-23 |
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