WO2015166621A1 - Batterie, bloc de batteries, dispositif électronique, véhicule électrique, dispositif de stockage d'électricité et système à énergie électrique - Google Patents

Batterie, bloc de batteries, dispositif électronique, véhicule électrique, dispositif de stockage d'électricité et système à énergie électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015166621A1
WO2015166621A1 PCT/JP2015/001285 JP2015001285W WO2015166621A1 WO 2015166621 A1 WO2015166621 A1 WO 2015166621A1 JP 2015001285 W JP2015001285 W JP 2015001285W WO 2015166621 A1 WO2015166621 A1 WO 2015166621A1
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Prior art keywords
positive electrode
negative electrode
battery
active material
electrolyte
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PCT/JP2015/001285
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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八田　一人
暢明 下坂
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ソニー株式会社
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Priority to US15/128,315 priority Critical patent/US9947964B2/en
Priority to CN201580016148.7A priority patent/CN106104864B/zh
Priority to JP2016515846A priority patent/JP6439793B2/ja
Publication of WO2015166621A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015166621A1/fr

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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
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    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
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    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/907—Electricity storage, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/93—Conjoint control of different elements

Definitions

  • This technology relates to a battery, a battery pack, an electronic device, an electric vehicle, a power storage device, and a power system.
  • this secondary battery is not limited to the above-described electronic devices, but can be applied to various uses represented by power storage systems such as electric tools such as electric drills, electric vehicles such as electric vehicles, and household electric power servers. Has also been considered. As these power sources, development of secondary batteries with high output and high capacity is in progress.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 listed below disclose techniques related to secondary batteries.
  • Batteries are required to have high energy density and excellent rapid charge cycle characteristics.
  • an object of the present technology is to provide a battery, a battery pack, an electronic device, an electric vehicle, a power storage device, and a power system that have high energy density and excellent quick charge cycle characteristics.
  • the present technology includes a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material layer including a positive electrode active material is formed on at least one surface of a positive electrode current collector, and a negative electrode active material on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.
  • the electrolyte includes solid particles, and the negative electrode active material layer has a capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of 2.2 mAh / cm 2 or more. 10 mAh / cm 2 or less, the capacity area density of the voids of the negative electrode active material layer (mAh / cm 2) is a battery is 5.9mAh / cm 2 or more 67mAh / cm 2 or less.
  • the battery pack, electronic device, electric vehicle, power storage device, and power system of the present technology include the above-described battery.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a configuration of a laminated film type nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to an embodiment of the present technology.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration along the line II of the spirally wound electrode body shown in FIG. 3A to 3B are schematic cross-sectional views showing the internal configuration of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery.
  • 4A to 4C are exploded perspective views showing the configuration of a laminated film type non-aqueous electrolyte battery using a laminated electrode body.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to an embodiment of the present technology.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of a wound electrode body housed in a cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte battery.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a prismatic nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to an embodiment of the present technology.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an application example of a secondary battery (battery pack: single cell).
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the battery pack shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a circuit configuration example of the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present technology.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an example applied to a residential power storage system using the nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present technology.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram schematically illustrating an example of a configuration of a hybrid vehicle that employs a series hybrid system to which the present technology is applied.
  • the negative electrode In a battery with a high battery capacity, the negative electrode is thickly coated and pressed at a high density, and the density of Li ions that the negative electrode must take up per unit area during rapid charging is too high. Further, the density of the active material voids becomes extremely high, and the supply of ions is not in time. During discharge, there is significant ion traffic in the gap. As a result, rapid charging becomes insufficient. In the positive electrode, Li does not precipitate and Li is not depleted. Even if the negative electrode can be made thin by changing to a high-capacity active material such as Si, the ion density that must be transmitted per unit area of the gap remains high, so there is no room for rapid charging.
  • the inventors of the present application created an electrode design index “capacitance area density of negative electrode active material layer (mAh / cm 2 )” that does not depend on the type of active material, and controlled the high energy density of the battery. It has been found that rapid charge performance and cycle performance can be controlled using an electrode design index of “capacitance area density of layer voids (mAh / cm 2 )”.
  • the “capacitance area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of voids in the negative electrode active material layer” represents the concentration of ions passing through the voids, and is the capacity per void area.
  • the diffusion rate of ions can be improved, and both high initial capacity and rapid charge cycle performance can be achieved.
  • the solid particles are included in the electrolyte, and the “capacitance area density of the negative electrode active material layer (mAh / cm 2 )” and “capacitance area density of the voids of the negative electrode active material layer (mAh / cm 2 )” are set.
  • the electrode design is controlled within a predetermined range. Accordingly, it is possible to provide a battery that maintains a high capacity even after repeated rapid charging in any active material or in a system in which different types of active materials are mixed.
  • This battery is, for example, a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, a secondary battery that can be charged and discharged, and a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the first embodiment.
  • This non-aqueous electrolyte battery is a so-called laminate film type, in which a wound electrode body 50 to which a positive electrode lead 51 and a negative electrode lead 52 are attached is housed inside a film-shaped exterior member 60.
  • the positive electrode lead 51 and the negative electrode lead 52 are led out from the inside of the exterior member 60 toward the outside, for example, in the same direction.
  • the positive electrode lead 51 and the negative electrode lead 52 are made of, for example, a metal material such as aluminum, copper, nickel, or stainless steel, and each have a thin plate shape or a mesh shape.
  • the exterior member 60 is made of, for example, a laminate film in which resin layers are formed on both surfaces of a metal layer.
  • an outer resin layer is formed on the surface of the metal layer that is exposed to the outside of the battery, and an inner resin layer is formed on the inner surface of the battery facing the power generation element such as the wound electrode body 50.
  • the metal layer plays the most important role in preventing moisture, oxygen and light from entering and protecting the contents.
  • Aluminum (Al) is most often used because of its lightness, extensibility, price and ease of processing.
  • the outer resin layer has a beautiful appearance, toughness, flexibility, and the like, and a resin material such as nylon or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used. Since the inner resin layer is a portion that melts and fuses with heat or ultrasonic waves, a polyolefin resin is appropriate, and unstretched polypropylene (CPP) is often used.
  • An adhesive layer may be provided between the metal layer, the outer resin layer, and the inner resin layer as necessary.
  • the exterior member 60 is provided with a recess that accommodates the wound electrode body 50 formed by, for example, deep drawing from the inner resin layer side toward the outer resin layer, and the inner resin layer serves as the wound electrode body 50. It is arrange
  • the inner resin layers facing each other of the exterior member 60 are in close contact with each other by fusion or the like at the outer edge of the recess.
  • the adhesion film 61 is made of a resin material having high adhesion to a metal material, and is made of, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, or a polyolefin resin such as modified polyethylene or modified polypropylene obtained by modifying these materials.
  • the exterior member 60 may be made of a laminated film having another structure, a polymer film such as polypropylene, or a metal film, instead of the aluminum laminated film whose metal layer is made of aluminum (Al).
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional structure taken along line II of the spirally wound electrode body 50 shown in FIG.
  • the wound electrode body 50 is obtained by laminating a belt-like positive electrode 53 and a belt-like negative electrode 54 via a belt-like separator 55 and an electrolyte layer 56, and the outermost peripheral portion is It is protected by a protective tape 57 as necessary.
  • the positive electrode 53 has a structure in which a positive electrode active material layer 53B is formed on one or both surfaces of a positive electrode current collector 53A.
  • a positive electrode current collector 53A for example, a metal foil such as an aluminum (Al) foil, a nickel (Ni) foil, or a stainless steel (SUS) foil can be used.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 53B includes, for example, a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder.
  • a positive electrode active material any one or more of positive electrode materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium can be used, and other materials such as a binder and a conductive agent can be used as necessary. May be included.
  • a lithium-containing compound As the positive electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium, for example, a lithium-containing compound is preferable. This is because a high energy density can be obtained.
  • the lithium-containing compound include a composite oxide containing lithium and a transition metal element, and a phosphate compound containing lithium and a transition metal element.
  • the group which consists of cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), and iron (Fe) as a transition metal element is preferable. This is because a higher voltage can be obtained.
  • a lithium-containing compound represented by Li x M1O 2 or Li y M2PO 4 can be used as the positive electrode material.
  • M1 and M2 represent one or more transition metal elements.
  • the values of x and y vary depending on the charge / discharge state of the battery, and are generally 0.05 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.10 and 0.05 ⁇ y ⁇ 1.10.
  • Examples of the composite oxide containing lithium and a transition metal element include lithium cobalt composite oxide (Li x CoO 2 ), lithium nickel composite oxide (Li x NiO 2 ), and lithium nickel cobalt composite oxide (Li x Ni).
  • lithium nickel cobalt manganese composite oxide Li x Ni (1-vw) Co v Mn w O 2 (0 ⁇ v + w ⁇ 1, v> 0, w > 0)
  • lithium manganese composite oxide LiMn 2 O 4
  • lithium manganese nickel composite oxide LiMn 2 ⁇ t N t O 4 (0 ⁇ t ⁇ 2) having a spinel structure.
  • a complex oxide containing cobalt is preferable. This is because a high capacity can be obtained and excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained.
  • Examples of the phosphate compound containing lithium and a transition metal element include a lithium iron phosphate compound (LiFePO 4 ) or a lithium iron manganese phosphate compound (LiFe 1-u Mn u PO 4 (0 ⁇ u ⁇ 1). ) And the like.
  • lithium composite oxide examples include lithium cobaltate (LiCoO 2 ), lithium nickelate (LiNiO 2 ), and lithium manganate (LiMn 2 O 4 ).
  • LiCoO 2 lithium cobaltate
  • LiNiO 2 lithium nickelate
  • LiMn 2 O 4 lithium manganate
  • a solid solution in which a part of the transition metal element is substituted with another element can also be used.
  • nickel cobalt composite lithium oxide LiNi 0.5 Co 0.5 O 2 , LiNi 0.8 Co 0.2 O 2, etc.
  • composite particles in which the surfaces of particles made of any of the above lithium-containing compounds are coated with fine particles made of any of the other lithium-containing compounds can be used. Good.
  • positive electrode materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium include oxides such as vanadium oxide (V 2 O 5 ), titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ), and iron disulfide. (FeS 2 ), disulfides such as titanium disulfide (TiS 2 ) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ), and chalcogenides containing no lithium such as niobium diselenide (NbSe 2 ) (particularly layered compounds and spinel compounds) ), Lithium-containing compounds containing lithium, and conductive polymers such as sulfur, polyaniline, polythiophene, polyacetylene, or polypyrrole.
  • the positive electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium may be other than the above. Further, two or more kinds of the series of positive electrode materials described above may be mixed in any combination.
  • a carbon material such as carbon black or graphite
  • the binder include resin materials such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and these resin materials. At least one selected from a copolymer or the like mainly composed of is used.
  • the positive electrode 53 has a positive electrode lead 51 connected to one end of the positive electrode current collector 53A by spot welding or ultrasonic welding.
  • the positive electrode lead 51 is preferably a metal foil or a mesh-like one, but there is no problem even if it is not a metal as long as it is electrochemically and chemically stable and can conduct electricity. Examples of the material of the positive electrode lead 51 include aluminum (Al) and nickel (Ni).
  • the negative electrode 54 has a structure in which a negative electrode active material layer 54B is formed on one or both surfaces of a negative electrode current collector 54A.
  • a negative electrode active material layer 54B and the positive electrode active material layer 53B are disposed so as to face each other.
  • the negative electrode current collector 54A is made of, for example, a metal foil such as a copper foil.
  • the negative electrode active material layer 54B includes one or more negative electrode materials capable of occluding and releasing lithium as the negative electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material layer 53B as necessary. Other materials such as a binder and a conductive agent similar to those described above may be included.
  • the electrochemical equivalent of the negative electrode material capable of occluding and releasing lithium is larger than the electrochemical equivalent of the positive electrode 53. It is preferable that lithium metal does not precipitate.
  • this nonaqueous electrolyte battery is designed such that an open circuit voltage (that is, a battery voltage) in a fully charged state is in a range of, for example, 2.80 V or more and 6.00 V or less.
  • an open circuit voltage that is, a battery voltage
  • the open circuit voltage in a fully charged state is, for example, 4.20 V or more and It is designed to be within the range of 00V or less.
  • the open circuit voltage in the fully charged state is preferably 4.25V or more and 6.00V or less.
  • the open circuit voltage in the fully charged state is 4.25 V or higher
  • the amount of lithium released per unit mass is increased even with the same positive electrode active material as compared to the 4.20 V battery. Accordingly, the amounts of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material are adjusted. Thereby, a high energy density can be obtained.
  • Examples of the negative electrode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium include non-graphitizable carbon, graphitizable carbon, graphite, pyrolytic carbons, cokes, glassy carbons, and fired organic polymer compounds And carbon materials such as carbon fiber and activated carbon.
  • examples of coke include pitch coke, needle coke, and petroleum coke.
  • An organic polymer compound fired body is a carbonized material obtained by firing a polymer material such as a phenol resin or a furan resin at an appropriate temperature, and part of it is non-graphitizable carbon or graphitizable carbon.
  • These carbon materials are preferable because the change in crystal structure that occurs during charge and discharge is very small, a high charge and discharge capacity can be obtained, and good cycle characteristics can be obtained.
  • graphite is preferable because it has a high electrochemical equivalent and can provide a high energy density.
  • non-graphitizable carbon is preferable because excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained.
  • those having a low charge / discharge potential, specifically, those having a charge / discharge potential close to that of lithium metal are preferable because a high energy density of the battery can be easily realized.
  • anode material capable of inserting and extracting lithium and capable of increasing the capacity
  • lithium can be inserted and extracted, and at least one of a metal element and a metalloid element can be used.
  • materials containing as a constituent element are also included. This is because a high energy density can be obtained by using such a material. In particular, the use with a carbon material is more preferable because a high energy density can be obtained and excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained.
  • the negative electrode material may be a single element, alloy or compound of a metal element or metalloid element, or may have at least a part of one or more of these phases.
  • the alloy includes an alloy including one or more metal elements and one or more metalloid elements in addition to an alloy composed of two or more metal elements.
  • the nonmetallic element may be included. Some of the structures include a solid solution, a eutectic (eutectic mixture), an intermetallic compound, or two or more of them.
  • Examples of the metal element or metalloid element constituting the negative electrode material include a metal element or metalloid element capable of forming an alloy with lithium.
  • a metal element or metalloid element capable of forming an alloy with lithium.
  • the negative electrode material preferably includes a 4B group metal element or metalloid element in the short periodic table as a constituent element, and more preferably includes at least one of silicon (Si) and tin (Sn) as a constituent element. And particularly preferably those containing at least silicon. This is because silicon (Si) and tin (Sn) have a large ability to occlude and release lithium, and a high energy density can be obtained.
  • Examples of the negative electrode material having at least one of silicon and tin include at least a part of a simple substance, an alloy or a compound of silicon, a simple substance, an alloy or a compound of tin, or one or more phases thereof. The material which has in is mentioned.
  • tin alloys include silicon (Si), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn) as second constituent elements other than tin (Sn).
  • tin (Sn) compound or silicon (Si) compound examples include those containing oxygen (O) or carbon (C).
  • O oxygen
  • C carbon
  • the above-described compounds are used. Two constituent elements may be included.
  • cobalt (Co), tin (Sn), and carbon (C) are included as constituent elements, and the carbon content is 9.9 mass% or more and 29.7 mass% or less.
  • SnCoC containing material whose ratio of cobalt (Co) with respect to the sum total of tin (Sn) and cobalt (Co) is 30 mass% or more and 70 mass% or less is preferable. This is because a high energy density can be obtained in such a composition range, and excellent cycle characteristics can be obtained.
  • This SnCoC-containing material may further contain other constituent elements as necessary.
  • other constituent elements include silicon (Si), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), indium (In), niobium (Nb), germanium (Ge), titanium (Ti), and molybdenum.
  • Mo silicon
  • Al aluminum
  • phosphorus (P) gallium
  • Ga bismuth
  • This SnCoC-containing material has a phase containing tin (Sn), cobalt (Co), and carbon (C), and this phase has a low crystallinity or an amorphous structure. It is preferable.
  • this SnCoC-containing material it is preferable that at least a part of carbon (C) as a constituent element is bonded to a metal element or a metalloid element as another constituent element.
  • the decrease in cycle characteristics is considered to be due to aggregation or crystallization of tin (Sn) or the like.
  • the combination of carbon (C) with other elements suppresses such aggregation or crystallization. Because it can.
  • XPS X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
  • the peak of the carbon 1s orbital (C1s) appears at 284.5 eV in an energy calibrated apparatus so that the peak of the gold atom 4f orbital (Au4f) is obtained at 84.0 eV if it is graphite. .
  • Au4f gold atom 4f orbital
  • it will appear at 284.8 eV.
  • the charge density of the carbon element increases, for example, when carbon is bonded to a metal element or a metalloid element, the C1s peak appears in a region lower than 284.5 eV.
  • the peak of the synthetic wave of C1s obtained for the SnCoC-containing material appears in a region lower than 284.5 eV
  • at least a part of the carbon contained in the SnCoC-containing material is a metal element or a half of other constituent elements. Combined with metal elements.
  • the C1s peak is used to correct the energy axis of the spectrum.
  • the C1s peak of the surface-contaminated carbon is set to 284.8 eV, which is used as an energy standard.
  • the waveform of the C1s peak is obtained as a shape including the surface contamination carbon peak and the carbon peak in the SnCoC-containing material. Therefore, by analyzing using, for example, commercially available software, the surface contamination The carbon peak and the carbon peak in the SnCoC-containing material are separated. In the waveform analysis, the position of the main peak existing on the lowest bound energy side is used as the energy reference (284.8 eV).
  • Examples of the negative electrode material capable of occluding and releasing lithium include metal oxides and polymer compounds capable of occluding and releasing lithium.
  • Examples of the metal oxide include lithium titanium oxide containing titanium and lithium such as lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ), iron oxide, ruthenium oxide, or molybdenum oxide.
  • Examples of the polymer compound include polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, and the like.
  • Capacity area density of negative electrode active material layer and “Capacity area density of voids in negative electrode active material layer”
  • Capacity area density of the anode active material layer 54B (mAh / cm 2) is, 2.2mAh / cm 2 or more 10 mAh / cm 2 or less
  • the capacity area density of the voids of the anode active material layer 54B (mAh / cm 2 ) Is 5.9 mAh / cm 2 or more and 67 mAh / cm 2 or less.
  • the energy density of the battery can be adjusted to be high, and the concentration and amount of ions that must pass through the voids are represented.
  • the rapid charge performance and cycle performance can be improved by adjusting the capacity area density of the voids of the negative electrode active material layer 54 ⁇ / b> B as described above to a predetermined range.
  • the ion diffusion rate can be improved, and both the initial capacity and the quick charge performance can be improved.
  • the active material species for example, when the active material is changed from graphite to Si, and when the mixing ratio is changed when the material is extremely different in capacity or when the active material is a mixture, by adjusting the void volume area density of the capacitor area density (mAh / cm 2) and the anode active material layer 54B of the anode active material layer 54B a (mAh / cm 2) in a predetermined range, resulting excellent performance uniformly is Can be controlled.
  • the capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of the negative electrode active material layer 54B may be adjusted to a value corresponding thereto.
  • the capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of the voids of the negative electrode active material layer 54B is adjusted to a value corresponding to this regardless of the type of active material. That's fine.
  • Capacity area density of the anode active material layer 54B (mAh / cm 2), from the viewpoint obtained a better effect, it is preferably 2.5 mAh / cm 2 or more 9mAh / cm 2 or less, 4mAh / cm 2 or more More preferably, it is 7 mAh / cm 2 or less.
  • the capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of the voids in the negative electrode active material layer 54B is adjusted to an appropriate amount. I can. Thereby, quick charge performance and cycle performance can be improved.
  • Void volume area density of the anode active material layer 54B (mAh / cm 2) from the viewpoint obtained a better effect, it is preferably 8 mAh / cm 2 or more 45 mAh / cm 2 or less, 13mAh / cm 2 or more More preferably, it is 23 mAh / cm 2 or less.
  • the capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of the negative electrode active material layer 54B was defined by the negative electrode active material layer 54B on one side of the electrode including the negative electrode active material layer 54B formed on both sides or one side of the negative electrode current collector 54A.
  • a negative electrode obtained by disassembling a fully charged battery before repeating a cycle is punched into a circle, Li metal is disposed on the counter electrode side with a separator interposed therebetween, and an electrolyte (typically, for example, EC : 20% by mass / DEC: 65% by mass / LiPF 6 : 15% by mass).
  • the capacity (mAh) at the time of dedoping Li ions from the negative electrode until reaching 1.5 V at a constant current of 0.2 mA is measured, and the value divided by the area (cm 2 ) of the negative electrode is obtained.
  • the electrode is used in a state where the active material layer is disposed only on one side, and the value per one side of the electrode is obtained.
  • the capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of the gap in the negative electrode active material layer 54B is typically measured by measuring the porosity of the electrode using a mercury porosimeter, and the capacity area density (mAh) of the negative electrode active material layer 54B. / Cm 2 ) divided by the porosity (capacitance area density of negative electrode active material layer (mAh / cm 2 ) ⁇ porosity).
  • a method for measuring the porosity other methods may be used as long as the method can accurately determine the porosity of the electrode.
  • the separator 55 is a porous film made of an insulating film having a high ion permeability and a predetermined mechanical strength. A non-aqueous electrolyte is held in the pores of the separator 55.
  • the separator 55 is a porous film made of resin, for example.
  • a porous film made of a resin is one in which a material such as a resin is thinly stretched and has a porous structure.
  • a porous film made of a resin is obtained by molding a material such as a resin by a stretch hole method, a phase separation method, or the like.
  • the stretch opening method first, a molten polymer is extruded from a T die or a circular die, and further subjected to heat treatment to form a crystal structure with high regularity. Thereafter, stretching at a low temperature and then at a high temperature are performed to separate the crystal interface to form a gap between lamellas, thereby forming a porous structure.
  • a uniform solution prepared by mixing a polymer and a solvent at a high temperature is formed into a film by a T-die method, an inflation method or the like, and then the solvent is extracted with another volatile solvent, thereby forming a resin.
  • a porous membrane can be obtained.
  • the manufacturing method of the porous membrane which consists of resin is not limited to these, The method proposed conventionally can be used widely.
  • a polyolefin resin such as polypropylene or polyethylene, an acrylic resin, a styrene resin, a polyester resin, or a nylon resin is preferably used as the resin material constituting the separator 55.
  • polyethylene such as low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene and linear polyethylene, or their low molecular weight wax content
  • polyolefin resin such as polypropylene is suitable because it has an appropriate melting temperature and is easily available.
  • it is good also as a porous film formed by melt-kneading the structure which laminated
  • a material including a porous film made of a polyolefin resin is excellent in separability between the positive electrode 53 and the negative electrode 54 and can further reduce a decrease in internal short circuit.
  • the separator 55 may be unemployed cloth.
  • Non-woven fabrics are structures that are made by bonding or entanglement between fibers, or by bonding and entanglement, without mechanically or chemically woven or knitting fibers, or a combination of these. Most materials that can be processed into fibers can be used as the raw material of the nonwoven fabric, and by adjusting the shape such as fiber length and thickness, it is possible to provide functions according to the purpose and application.
  • the method for producing a nonwoven fabric typically has two stages: a process of forming a fiber accumulation layer called a fleece, and a bonding process of bonding fleece fibers. At each stage, there are various production methods, which are selected according to the raw material, purpose, and use of the nonwoven fabric.
  • a dry method, a wet method, a spun bond method, a melt blow method, or the like can be used as a process for forming the fleece.
  • a bonding step for bonding the fibers of the fleece a thermal bond method, a chemical bond method, a needle punch method, a spunlace method (a hydroentanglement method), a stitch bond method, a steam jet method, or the like can be used.
  • nonwoven fabric examples include a polyethylene terephthalate permeable membrane (polyethylene terephthalate nonwoven fabric) using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the air permeable film refers to a film having air permeability.
  • examples of the nonwoven fabric include aramid fibers, glass fibers, cellulose fibers, polyolefin fibers, nylon fibers, and the like.
  • the nonwoven fabric may use two or more kinds of fibers.
  • the thickness of the separator 55 can be arbitrarily set as long as it is equal to or greater than the thickness that can maintain the required strength.
  • the separator 55 insulates between the positive electrode 53 and the negative electrode 54 to prevent a short circuit and the like, and has ion permeability for suitably performing a battery reaction via the separator 55, and the battery reaction in the battery. It is preferable to set the thickness so that the volumetric efficiency of the active material layer contributing to the above can be as high as possible.
  • the thickness of the separator 55 is preferably, for example, 4 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
  • the electrolyte layer 56 includes a matrix polymer compound, a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, and solid particles.
  • the electrolyte layer 56 is, for example, a layer in which a nonaqueous electrolyte is held by a matrix polymer compound, and is, for example, a layer made of a so-called gel electrolyte.
  • the solid particles may be included in the negative electrode active material layer 54B and / or in the positive electrode active material layer 53B. Further, although details will be described in a later-described modification, a nonaqueous electrolytic solution that is a liquid electrolyte may be used instead of the electrolyte layer 56.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes a wound body having a configuration in which the electrolyte layer 56 is omitted from the wound electrode body 50 in place of the wound electrode body 50.
  • the wound body is impregnated with a nonaqueous electrolytic solution that is a liquid electrolyte filled in the exterior member 60.
  • Matrix polymer compound As the matrix polymer compound (resin) for holding the electrolytic solution, those having a property compatible with the solvent can be used.
  • matrix polymer compounds include fluorine-containing resins such as polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorine-containing rubbers such as vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and styrene.
  • Nonaqueous electrolyte The nonaqueous electrolytic solution includes an electrolyte salt and a nonaqueous solvent that dissolves the electrolyte salt.
  • the electrolyte salt contains, for example, one or more light metal compounds such as lithium salts.
  • the lithium salt include lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF 4 ), lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ), lithium hexafluoroarsenate (LiAsF 6 ), lithium tetraphenylborate (LiB (C 6 H 5) 4), methanesulfonic acid lithium (LiCH 3 SO 3), lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiCF 3 SO 3), tetrachloroaluminate lithium (LiAlCl 4), six Examples thereof include dilithium fluorosilicate (Li 2 SiF 6 ), lithium chloride (LiCl), and lithium bromide (LiBr).
  • At least one selected from the group consisting of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, and lithium hexafluoroarsenate is preferable, and lithium hexafluorophosphate is more preferable.
  • the concentration of the electrolyte salt is preferably 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less and more preferably 10% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less with respect to the mass of the electrolyte from the viewpoint of obtaining a more excellent effect. It is particularly preferably 12% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.
  • the presence of solid particles in the electrolyte layer 36 promotes the crushing of lithium ion and solvent clusters and increases the degree of dissociation between cations and anions. Therefore, the concentration of the electrolyte salt in the electrolyte can be set higher than before, and a larger capacity can be obtained.
  • Non-aqueous solvent examples include lactone solvents such as ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, and ⁇ -caprolactone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, Carbonate ester solvents such as diethyl carbonate, ether solvents such as 1,2-dimethoxyethane, 1-ethoxy-2-methoxyethane, 1,2-diethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran or 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, and nitriles such as acetonitrile
  • Nonaqueous solvents such as solvents, sulfolane-based solvents, phosphoric acids, phosphate ester solvents, and pyrrolidones are exemplified. Any one type of solvent may be used alone, or two or more types may be mixed and used
  • Solid particles for example, at least one of inorganic particles and organic particles can be used.
  • the inorganic particles include particles of metal oxide, sulfate compound, carbonate compound, metal hydroxide, metal carbide, metal nitride, metal fluoride, phosphate compound, mineral, and the like.
  • the particles particles having electrical insulation properties are typically used.
  • the surface of the particles (fine particles) of the conductive material is electrically insulated by performing surface treatment with the electrical insulation material. Sedimented particles (fine particles) may be used.
  • metal oxide examples include silicon oxide (SiO 2 , silica (silica powder, quartz glass, glass beads, diatomaceous earth, wet or dry synthetic products, etc.), wet synthetic products such as colloidal silica, and dry synthetic products such as fumed silica.
  • Zinc oxide (ZnO), tin oxide (SnO), magnesium oxide (magnesia, MgO), antimony oxide (Sb 2 O 3 ), aluminum oxide (alumina, Al 2 O 3 ), etc. are preferably used. be able to.
  • magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ), calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ), barium sulfate (BaSO 4 ), strontium sulfate (SrSO 4 ) and the like can be suitably used.
  • carbonate compound magnesium carbonate (MgCO 3 , magnesite), calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 , calcite), barium carbonate (BaCO 3 ), lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ) and the like can be suitably used.
  • metal carbide boron carbide (B 4 C) or the like can be suitably used.
  • metal nitride silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ), boron nitride (BN), aluminum nitride (AlN), titanium nitride (TiN), or the like can be suitably used.
  • lithium fluoride LiF
  • aluminum fluoride AlF 3
  • calcium fluoride CaF 2
  • barium fluoride BaF 2
  • magnesium fluoride or the like
  • phosphate compound trilithium phosphate (Li 3 PO 4 ), magnesium phosphate, magnesium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, and the like can be suitably used.
  • Examples of minerals include silicate minerals, carbonate minerals, and oxide minerals.
  • Silicate minerals are classified into nesosilicate minerals, solosilicate minerals, cyclosilicate minerals, inosilicate minerals, layered (phyllo) silicate minerals, and tectosilicate minerals based on their crystal structures. . Some are classified into fibrous silicate minerals called asbestos based on a classification standard different from the crystal structure.
  • the nesosilicate mineral is an island-like tetrahedral silicate mineral made of an independent Si—O tetrahedron ([SiO 4 ] 4 ⁇ ).
  • Examples of the nesosilicate mineral include those corresponding to olivines and meteorites.
  • olivine a continuous solid solution of Mg 2 SiO 4 (magnerite olivine) and Fe 2 SiO 4 (iron olivine)
  • magnesium silicate forsterite (bitter) Earth olivine
  • Mg 2 SiO 4 aluminum silicate
  • Al 2 SiO 5 aluminum silicate
  • Zn 2 SiO 4 zirconium silicate
  • mullite 3Al 2 O 3 .2SiO 2 to 2Al 2 O 3 .SiO 2
  • the solosilicate mineral is a group structure type silicate mineral composed of a Si—O tetrahedral double bond group ([Si 2 O 7 ] 6 ⁇ , [Si 5 O 16 ] 12 ⁇ ).
  • Examples of the silicate mineral include those corresponding to vesuvite and chlorite.
  • the cyclosilicate mineral is composed of a Si—O tetrahedral finite (3-6) ring ([Si 3 O 9 ] 6 ⁇ , [Si 4 O 12 ] 8 ⁇ , [Si 6 O 18 ] 12. - ) An annular silicate mineral.
  • Examples of the cyclosilicate mineral include beryl and tourmaline.
  • Inosilicate minerals have an infinite number of Si—O tetrahedral linkages, and are chain-like ([Si 2 O 6 ] 4 ⁇ ) and belt-like ([Si 3 O 9 ] 6 ⁇ , [Si 4 O 11 ] 6 - , [Si 5 O 15 ] 10- , [Si 7 O 21 ] 14- ).
  • Examples of the inosilicate mineral include those corresponding to pyroxenes such as calcium silicate (wollastonite, CaSiO 3 ), and those corresponding to amphibole.
  • the layered silicate mineral is a layered silicate mineral that forms a network bond of Si—O tetrahedra ([SiO 4 ] 4 ⁇ ).
  • SiO 4 tetrahedra
  • the specific example of a layered silicate mineral is mentioned later.
  • the tectosilicate mineral is a three-dimensional network structure type silicate mineral in which a Si—O tetrahedron ([SiO 4 ] 4 ⁇ ) forms a three-dimensional network bond.
  • the tectosilicates minerals, quartz, feldspars, zeolites, and the like, zeolite (M 2 / n O ⁇ Al 2 O 3 ⁇ xSiO 2 ⁇ yH 2 O, M is a metal element, n represents the valence of M, x ⁇ 2, y ⁇ 0) aluminosilicate zeolite such as (aM 2 O ⁇ bAl 2 O 3 ⁇ cSiO 2 ⁇ dH 2 O, M is as defined above .a, b, c, d are each 1 or more And the like.) And the like.
  • Examples of asbestos include chrysotile, amosite and anthophinite.
  • the carbonate minerals dolomite (dolomite, CaMg (CO 3) 2) , hydrotalcite (Mg 6 Al 2 (CO 3 ) (OH) 16 ⁇ 4 (H 2 O)) and the like.
  • oxide mineral examples include spinel (MgAl 2 O 4 ).
  • Examples of other minerals include strontium titanate (SrTiO 3 ).
  • the mineral may be a natural mineral or an artificial mineral.
  • clay minerals include a crystalline clay mineral, an amorphous or quasicrystalline clay mineral, and the like.
  • crystalline clay minerals include layered silicate minerals, those having a structure similar to layered silicates, silicate minerals such as other silicate minerals, and layered carbonate minerals.
  • the layered silicate mineral includes a Si—O tetrahedral sheet and an octahedral sheet such as Al—O and Mg—O combined with the tetrahedral sheet.
  • Layered silicates are typically classified by the number of tetrahedral and octahedral sheets, the number of cations in the octahedron, and the layer charge.
  • the layered silicate mineral may be one obtained by substituting all or part of metal ions between layers with organic ammonium ions or the like.
  • the layered silicate minerals include a kaolinite-serpentine group with a 1: 1 type structure, a pyrophyllite-talc group, a smectite group, a vermiculite group, a mica group with a 2: 1 type structure. And those corresponding to the brittle mica (brittle mica) family, chlorite (chlorite group), and the like.
  • Examples of the kaolinite-serpentine family include chrysotile, antigolite, lizardite, kaolinite (Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 ), and dickite.
  • Examples of the pyrophyllite-talc family include talc (Mg 3 Si 4 O 10 (OH) 2 ), willemsite, and granite (pyrophyllite, Al 2 Si 4 O 10 (OH) 2. ) And the like.
  • smectite group examples include saponite [(Ca / 2, Na) 0.33 (Mg, Fe 2+ ) 3 (Si, Al) 4 O 10 (OH) 2 .4H 2 O], hectorite, Sauconite, montmorillonite ⁇ (Na, Ca) 0.33 (Al, Mg) 2Si 4 O 10 (OH) 2 .nH 2 O, where clay containing montmorillonite as a main component is called bentonite ⁇ , beidellite, nontrite, etc. .
  • Examples of the mica (mica) family include, for example, moscovite (muscovite, KAl 2 (AlSi 3 ) O 10 (OH) 2 ) sericite (sericite), phlogopite (phlogopite), biotite, lipidite ( Lithia mica) and the like.
  • Examples of those belonging to the brittle mica (brittle mica) family include margarite, clintonite, and anandite.
  • Examples of the chlorite (chlorite) family include kukkeite, sudokuite, clinochlore, chamosite, and nimite.
  • a hydrous magnesium silicate having a 2: 1 ribbon structure in which a tetrahedron sheet arranged in a ribbon shape is connected to a tetrahedron sheet arranged in an adjacent ribbon shape while reversing the apex.
  • the hydrous magnesium silicate include sepiolite (foamstone: Mg 9 Si 12 O 30 (OH) 6 (OH 2 ) 4 .6H 2 O), palygorskite and the like.
  • silicate minerals zeolites (M 2 / n O ⁇ Al 2 O 3 ⁇ xSiO 2 ⁇ yH 2 O, M is a metal element, n represents the valence of M, x ⁇ 2, y ⁇ 0) , etc.
  • the layered carbonate minerals hydrotalcite (Mg 6 Al 2 (CO 3 ) (OH) 16 ⁇ 4 (H 2 O)) and the like.
  • amorphous or quasicrystalline clay mineral examples include bingellite, imogolite (Al 2 SiO 3 (OH)), and allophane.
  • inorganic particles may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the inorganic particles also have oxidation resistance, and when the electrolyte layer 56 is provided between the positive electrode 53 and the separator 55, the inorganic particles have strong resistance to an oxidizing environment in the vicinity of the positive electrode during charging.
  • the solid particles may be organic particles.
  • Materials constituting the organic particles include melamine, melamine cyanurate, melamine polyphosphate, cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate (cross-linked PMMA), polyolefin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyamide, polyimide , Melamine resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin and the like. These materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • metal hydroxide particles and layered silicate particles are preferable, and boehmite and magnesium hydroxide, which are metal hydroxide particles, are more preferable, because more excellent effects can be obtained. .
  • the concentration of solid particles (sometimes referred to as solid particle concentration) is 1% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less, and preferably 2% by volume or more and 40% by volume or less from the viewpoint of obtaining a more excellent effect. It is preferable that they are 3 volume% or more and 30 volume% or less. Solid particles have the effect of crushing clusters of ions and solvents, and dissociating cations and anions. Therefore, higher concentrations are more effective, but if the concentration is too high, ion transmission resistance Therefore, the above range is preferable.
  • the above-mentioned solid particle concentration is the area percentage of the total area of the particle cross section when the observation visual field of 2 ⁇ m ⁇ 2 ⁇ m is taken ((“total area of the particle cross section” ⁇ “area of the observation visual field”) ⁇ 100) (%)
  • the volume concentration (volume%) of the solid particles defined by The observation can be performed using, for example, an SEM, and the above-described area can be calculated by processing an image acquired by photographing.
  • the average value of the particle concentrations obtained at a plurality of locations (typically 4 locations) is adopted as the solid particle concentration.
  • the solid particles contained in the electrolyte are arranged so as to have a concentration distribution inside the battery, the average value of the particle concentrations obtained at a plurality of locations in the recess impregnation region A is adopted as the solid particle concentration. .
  • the solid particles contained in the electrolyte are disposed in at least one of a region between the positive electrode and the separator, a region between the negative electrode and the separator, a void in the positive electrode active material layer, and a void in the negative electrode active material layer. .
  • An electrolyte is contained in a region between the positive electrode and the separator, and solid particles are contained in the electrolyte.
  • An electrolyte is contained in a region between the negative electrode and the separator, and solid particles are contained in the electrolyte.
  • the voids between the active material particles in the positive electrode active material layer include an electrolyte, and the electrolyte includes solid particles.
  • the voids between the active material particles in the negative electrode active material layer include an electrolyte, and the electrolyte includes solid particles.
  • the solid particles contained in the electrolyte may be arranged so as to have a concentration distribution inside the battery.
  • the solid particles contained in the electrolyte are arranged so as to be concentrated in the depressions between adjacent active material particles located on the outermost surface of the electrode active material layer, particularly in the region between the electrode and the separator. It is preferable.
  • solid particles are arranged in the voids in the electrode active material layer, it is necessary to reduce the amount of electrolyte itself or the amount of active material. It may not always be effective.
  • the arrangement between the electrode and the separator is not necessarily arranged because there is a demerit that there is already a sufficient amount of electrolyte and there is no depletion of ions and the distance between the electrodes is widened. That is, it is most efficient to arrange lithium ions in a recess (near the entrance into the void in the electrode active material layer) located on the outermost surface of the electrode active material layer where ion flow is desired to flow most quickly.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are schematic cross-sectional views in which a part of the inside of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery is enlarged. Note that the binder, the conductive agent, and the like included in the active material layer are not shown.
  • the particle concentration of the solid particles arranged in a predetermined region inside the battery is at least higher than the particle concentration of the solid particles arranged in the voids inside the electrode. Solid particles contained in the electrolyte are arranged.
  • the particles 10 that are solid particles described above are provided between the separator 55 and the negative electrode active material layer 54B and inside the negative electrode active material layer 54B (voids between the active material particles).
  • the particle concentration of the negative electrode side depression impregnated region A is The solid particles are arranged so as to be higher than the particle concentration in the deep region C. Further, the solid particles may be arranged such that the particle concentration in the dip-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side is higher than the particle concentration in the overcoat region B on the negative electrode side.
  • the above-described solid is provided between the separator 55 and the positive electrode active material layer 53B and inside the positive electrode active material layer 53B (voids between the active material particles).
  • the particle 10 that is a particle has a configuration in which an appropriate concentration and an appropriate region are arranged.
  • the particle concentration of the positive electrode-side depression-impregnated region A is The solid particles are arranged so as to be higher than the particle concentration in the deep region C. Further, the solid particles may be arranged so that the particle concentration in the dent-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side is higher than the particle concentration in the overcoating region B on the positive electrode side.
  • depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side and the positive electrode side, the overcoat region B on the negative electrode side and the positive electrode side, and the deep region C on the negative electrode side and the positive electrode side are defined as follows.
  • the depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side is a region including a depression between adjacent negative electrode active material particles 11 located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer 54B including the negative electrode active material particles 11 that are negative electrode active materials.
  • the hollow impregnation region A is impregnated with an electrolyte containing particles 10. Thereby, the depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side is filled with the electrolyte. Further, the hollow-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side contains particles 10 as solid particles contained in the electrolyte.
  • the electrolyte may be a gel electrolyte or a liquid electrolyte composed of a non-aqueous electrolyte.
  • the region excluding the cross section of the negative electrode active material particles 11 in the region between the two parallel lines L1 and L2 shown in FIG. 3A is a depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side including a depression in which the electrolyte and the particles 10 are arranged. It is divided.
  • the two parallel lines L1 and L2 are drawn as follows.
  • the cross section of the region between the separator 55 and the negative electrode active material layer 54B and the separator 55 and the negative electrode active material layer 54B is observed with a predetermined visual field width (typically, a visual field width of 50 ⁇ m) as shown in FIG. 3A. In this observation field, two parallel lines L1 and L2 perpendicular to the thickness direction of the separator 55 are drawn.
  • the parallel line L1 is a line passing through the position closest to the separator 55 in the cross-sectional image of the negative electrode active material particles 11.
  • the parallel line L2 is a line that passes through the deepest portion of the cross-sectional image of the particle 10 included in the depression between the adjacent negative electrode active material particles 11.
  • the deepest part means a position farthest from the separator 55 in the thickness direction of the separator 55.
  • the cross-sectional observation can be performed using, for example, a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  • the dent impregnation region A on the positive electrode side is a region including a dent between adjacent positive electrode active material particles 12 located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer 53B including the positive electrode active material particles 12 that are positive electrode active materials.
  • the recess-impregnated region A is impregnated with an electrolyte containing particles 10 that are solid particles. Thereby, the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side is filled with the electrolyte. Further, the hollow-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side contains particles 10 as solid particles contained in the electrolyte.
  • the electrolyte may be a gel electrolyte or a liquid electrolyte composed of a non-aqueous electrolyte.
  • the region excluding the cross section of the positive electrode active material particles 12 in the region between the two parallel lines L1 and L2 shown in FIG. 3B is a dent impregnation region A on the positive electrode side including a dent in which the electrolyte and the particles 10 are arranged. It is divided.
  • the two parallel lines L1 and L2 are drawn as follows. A cross section of the separator 55 and the positive electrode active material layer 53B and a region between the separator 55 and the positive electrode active material layer 53B is observed with a predetermined visual field width (typically, a visual field width of 50 ⁇ m) as illustrated in FIG. 3B. In this observation field, two parallel lines L1 and L2 perpendicular to the thickness direction of the separator 55 are drawn.
  • the parallel line L1 is a line passing through a position closest to the separator 55 in the cross-sectional image of the positive electrode active material particles 12.
  • the parallel line L2 is a line that passes through the deepest portion of the cross-sectional image of the particle 10 included in the depression between the adjacent positive electrode active material particles 12.
  • the deepest portion refers to a position farthest from the separator 55 in the thickness direction of the separator 55.
  • the negative electrode side overcoating region B is a region between the negative electrode side depression-impregnated region A and the separator 55. This overcoating region B is filled with an electrolyte.
  • the overcoating region B includes particles 10 that are solid particles contained in the electrolyte.
  • the overcoating region B may not include the particles 10.
  • a region between the above-described parallel line L1 and the separator 55 included in the same predetermined observation visual field shown in FIG. 3A is divided as an overcoat region B on the negative electrode side.
  • the positive electrode side overcoating region B is a region between the positive electrode side depression-impregnated region A and the separator 55. This overcoating region B is filled with an electrolyte.
  • the overcoating region B includes particles 10 that are solid particles contained in the electrolyte.
  • the overcoating region B may not include the particles 10.
  • a region between the above-described parallel line L1 and the separator 55 included in the same predetermined observation field shown in FIG. 3B is divided as an overcoat region B on the positive electrode side.
  • the deep region C on the negative electrode side is a region inside the negative electrode active material layer 54B on the deeper side than the depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side.
  • the voids between the negative electrode active material particles 11 in the deep region C are filled with an electrolyte.
  • the deep region C includes particles 10 included in the electrolyte.
  • the deep region C may not include the particles 10.
  • the region of the negative electrode active material layer 54B other than the hollow impregnation region A and the overcoating region B included in the same predetermined observation field shown in FIG. 3A is divided as a deep region C on the negative electrode side.
  • a region between the above-described parallel line L2 and the negative electrode current collector 54A included in the same predetermined observation visual field shown in FIG. 3A is divided as a deep region C on the negative electrode side.
  • the deep region C on the positive electrode side is a region inside the positive electrode active material layer 53B on the deeper side than the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side.
  • the space between the positive electrode active material particles 12 in the deep region C on the positive electrode side is filled with an electrolyte.
  • the deep region C includes particles 10 included in the electrolyte.
  • the deep region C may not include the particles 10.
  • the region of the positive electrode active material layer 53B other than the hollow impregnation region A and the overcoating region B included in the same predetermined observation visual field shown in FIG. 3B is divided as a deep region C on the positive electrode side.
  • a region between the above-described parallel line L2 and the positive electrode current collector 53A included in the same predetermined observation visual field illustrated in FIG. 3B is divided as a deep region C on the positive electrode side.
  • the particle diameter D50 is preferably not more than the particle diameter D50 of the active material particles. Further, as the particle diameter of the solid particles, the particle diameter D50 is more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more. As the particle diameter of the solid particles, the particle diameter D95 is preferably “2 / ⁇ 3-1” times or more the particle diameter D50 of the active material particles. The particle having the larger particle diameter can block the gap between adjacent active material particles at the bottom of the dent, so that excessive solid particles in the deep region C can be prevented from adversely affecting battery characteristics.
  • the solid particles In order to keep the solid particles in the recess so that the solid particles do not enter the inside of the gap of the electrode, it is preferable to dispose the solid particles larger than the electrode pore diameter.
  • the active material In the electrode surface layer, the active material is in a close-packed state by pressing, so the diameter of the particles that can pass through the pores of the voids is often up to (2 / ⁇ 3 ⁇ 1) times the particle diameter of the active material. If it is a solid particle larger than this diameter, it does not enter the back. In this case, the specific surface area is often small. When the particle size is increased, the specific surface area tends to decrease. However, it is not necessary that all particles are (2 / ⁇ 3 ⁇ 1) times as large as the active material.
  • the particle size D50 of the solid particles is calculated from, for example, the particle size distribution measured by the laser diffraction method from the particle side having a small particle size after removing constituents other than the solid particles from the electrolyte containing the solid particles.
  • the particle size is 50% cumulative volume. Further, from the measured particle size distribution, a value of the particle diameter D95 with a volume cumulative of 95% can be obtained.
  • the particle size D50 of the active material is the particle size distribution of the active material particles obtained by removing constituents other than the active material particles from the active material layer containing the active material particles by the laser diffraction method.
  • the particle diameter is 50% of the cumulative volume calculated from
  • the specific surface area (m 2 / g) is a BET specific surface area (m 2 / g) measured by a BET method which is a specific surface area measurement method.
  • the BET specific surface area of the solid particles is preferably 1 m 2 / g or more and 60 m 2 / g or less.
  • the BET specific surface area is in the above numerical range, it is preferable because a more excellent effect can be obtained.
  • the BET specific surface area is too large, the electrolyte adsorbed on the solid particles increases and the contribution to the charging reaction tends to decrease. In addition, for example, it can obtain by measuring about the solid particle after removing components other than a solid particle from the electrolyte etc. which contain a solid particle similarly to the above.
  • the electrolyte layer 56 containing solid particles may be formed only on both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54, and the electrolyte layer 56 not containing solid particles is applied and formed on both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53. May be.
  • a concentration difference is formed only in the depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side, the overcoat region B on the negative electrode side, and the deep region C on the negative electrode side, and at least the particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side is Solid particles are arranged so as to be higher than the particle concentration, and these regions having a concentration difference may not be formed on the positive electrode side.
  • the electrolyte layer 56 containing solid particles may be formed only on both main surfaces of the positive electrode, and the electrolyte layer 56 containing no solid particles is applied and formed on both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54. May be.
  • a concentration difference is formed only in the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side, the overcoating region B on the positive electrode side, and the deep region C on the positive electrode side, and at least the particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side is The solid particles are arranged so as to be higher than the particle concentration, and these regions having a concentration difference may not be formed on the negative electrode side.
  • a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder are mixed to prepare a positive electrode mixture, and the positive electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to form a paste-like positive electrode mixture slurry Is made.
  • the positive electrode mixture slurry is applied to the positive electrode current collector 53A, the solvent is dried, and the positive electrode active material layer 53B is formed by compression molding with a roll press or the like, and the positive electrode 53 is manufactured.
  • a negative electrode active material and a binder are mixed to prepare a negative electrode mixture, and the negative electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to prepare a paste-like negative electrode mixture slurry.
  • this negative electrode mixture slurry is applied to the negative electrode current collector 54A, the solvent is dried, and the negative electrode active material layer 54B is formed by compression molding with a roll press machine or the like, and the negative electrode 54 is manufactured.
  • the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is prepared by dissolving an electrolyte salt in a nonaqueous solvent.
  • Both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53 are coated with a coating solution (a coating solution excluding particles) containing a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, a matrix polymer compound, and a diluting solvent (such as dimethyl carbonate), and contain solid particles.
  • a coating solution a coating solution excluding particles
  • the electrolyte layer 56 may be formed.
  • the electrolyte layer 56 including the same solid particles may be formed only on both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54 without forming the electrolyte layer 56 on one main surface or both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53.
  • Both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54 are coated with a coating solution (a coating solution excluding particles) containing a non-aqueous electrolyte, a matrix polymer compound, and a diluting solvent (such as dimethyl carbonate), and contains solid particles.
  • a coating solution a coating solution excluding particles
  • the electrolyte layer 56 may be formed.
  • the electrolyte layer 56 including the same solid particles may be formed only on both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53 without forming the electrolyte layer 56 on one main surface or both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54.
  • the positive electrode lead 51 is attached to the end of the positive electrode current collector 53A by welding, and the negative electrode lead 52 is attached to the end of the negative electrode current collector 54A by welding.
  • the positive electrode 53 on which the electrolyte layer 56 is formed and the negative electrode 54 on which the electrolyte layer 56 is formed are laminated through a separator 55 to form a laminate, and then the laminate is wound in the longitudinal direction, A wound electrode body 50 is formed by adhering a protective tape 57 to the outermost periphery.
  • the wound electrode body 50 is sandwiched between the exterior members 60, and the outer edges of the exterior members 60 are sealed by thermal fusion or the like and sealed.
  • an adhesion film 61 is inserted between the positive electrode lead 51 and the negative electrode lead 52 and the exterior member 60. Thereby, the nonaqueous electrolyte battery shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is completed.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be produced as follows.
  • a positive electrode and a negative electrode are prepared in the same manner as described above, and a non-aqueous electrolyte is prepared.
  • the electrolyte containing the solid particles is formed in the depressions between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer 54B or in the deep region C inside the negative electrode active material layer 54B. Can be soaked. At this time, the solid particles are scraped by the dents between adjacent particles, so that the particle concentration in the dent impregnation region A on the negative electrode side increases. Thereby, a difference can be provided in the particle
  • the electrolyte containing the solid particles is recessed between adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer 53B or deep inside the positive electrode active material layer 53B.
  • the region C can be soaked.
  • solid particles are rubbed in the dents between adjacent particles, so that the particle concentration in the dent impregnation region A on the positive electrode side increases. Thereby, a difference can be provided in the particle
  • the solid particles those adjusted so that the particle diameter D95 of the solid particles is not less than a predetermined magnification of the particle diameter D50 of the active material particles are preferably used.
  • solid particles particles having a particle diameter D95 that is 2 / ⁇ 3-1 times or more of the particle diameter D50 of the active material particles are added to a part of the solid particles, and the particle diameter D95 of the solid particles is equal to the particle diameter D50 of the active material particles. It is preferable to use one adjusted to 2 / ⁇ 3-1 times or more.
  • the solid particles can be easily scraped by filling the gaps between the particles at the bottom of the depression with some solid particles having a larger particle diameter.
  • Both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53 are coated with a coating solution (a coating solution excluding particles) containing a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, a matrix polymer compound, and a diluting solvent (such as dimethyl carbonate), and contain solid particles.
  • a coating solution a coating solution excluding particles
  • the electrolyte layer 56 may be formed.
  • the electrolyte layer 56 including the same solid particles may be formed only on both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54 without forming the electrolyte layer 56 on one main surface or both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53.
  • Both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54 are coated with a coating solution (a coating solution excluding particles) containing a non-aqueous electrolyte, a matrix polymer compound, and a diluting solvent (such as dimethyl carbonate), and contains solid particles.
  • a coating solution a coating solution excluding particles
  • the electrolyte layer 56 may be formed.
  • the electrolyte layer 56 including the same solid particles may be formed only on both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53 without forming the electrolyte layer 56 on one main surface or both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the first embodiment may be manufactured as follows. In this manufacturing method, instead of applying the coating solution to both surfaces of at least one of the positive electrode 53 and the negative electrode 54 in the solution coating step of the manufacturing method of an example of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery, the coating solution is used for both of the separators 55. Except for forming on at least one of the principal surfaces, the same manufacturing method as that of the above-described nonaqueous electrolyte battery is used.
  • the positive electrode lead 51 is attached to the end of the positive electrode current collector 53A by welding, and the negative electrode lead 52 is attached to the end of the negative electrode current collector 54A by welding.
  • the laminated body is wound in the longitudinal direction, and the protective tape 57 is provided on the outermost peripheral portion. Are wound to form the wound electrode body 50.
  • a recess is formed by deep drawing the exterior member 60 made of a laminate film, the wound electrode body 50 is inserted into the recess, an unprocessed portion of the exterior member 60 is folded back to the upper portion of the recess, and the outer periphery of the recess Heat weld. At that time, an adhesion film 61 is inserted between the positive electrode lead 51 and the negative electrode lead 52 and the exterior member 60. As a result, the intended nonaqueous electrolyte battery is obtained.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be produced as follows.
  • the wound electrode body 50 is produced in the same manner as described above.
  • the wound electrode body 50 is sealed in a packaging material such as a latex tube and heated under a hydrostatic pressure.
  • a packaging material such as a latex tube
  • the solid particles are moved to the depressions between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer 54B, and the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side is increased.
  • the solid particles are moved to the depressions between the adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer 53B, and the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side is increased.
  • the target non-aqueous electrolyte battery is obtained through the same steps as described above.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54 by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a coating material for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound (resin) and a solvent can be used.
  • a coating similar to that described above is applied to both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53 by a coating method or the like, and then dried to remove the solvent and form a solid particle layer.
  • the absorbability of the electrolyte solution of the resin, the solubility in the electrolyte solution, and the swellability can be changed by adjusting the resin type, the degree of polymerization, the molecular weight, and the like.
  • the resin in which the solid particle layer containing the electrolytic solution forms the following state is referred to as a binder polymer compound.
  • the electrolyte solution is in a state of being included in the solid particle layer in a state where the electrolyte solution is present in a microporous (void) formed by at least one of the binder polymer compound and the particles.
  • the solid particle layer has a function as a separator.
  • the solid particle layer is interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode together with the separator to prevent the contact between the bipolar active materials, and similarly to the separator, the electrolyte is held in the microporous structure between the electrodes. Forms a path for ion conduction.
  • the resin species of the binder polymer compound those similar to the matrix polymer compound described above can be used.
  • the positive electrode lead 51 is attached to the end of the positive electrode current collector 53A by welding, and the negative electrode lead 52 is attached to the end of the negative electrode current collector 54A by welding.
  • the positive electrode 53 and the negative electrode 54 are stacked with the separator 55 interposed therebetween and wound, and the protective tape 57 is adhered to the outermost peripheral portion to form a wound body that is a precursor of the wound electrode body 50.
  • the wound body is sandwiched between the exterior members 60, and the outer peripheral edge portion excluding one side is heat-sealed to form a bag shape, and is stored inside the exterior member 60.
  • the opening of the exterior member 60 is heat-sealed in a vacuum atmosphere and sealed. As a result, the intended non-electrolyte secondary battery is obtained.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be produced as follows.
  • the positive electrode 53 and the negative electrode 54 are produced and a non-aqueous electrolyte is prepared.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54 by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a coating material for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound and a solvent can be used.
  • the solid particles are scraped by the dents between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer 54B, and the dents on the negative electrode side The particle concentration in the impregnation region A increases.
  • a coating similar to that described above is applied to both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53 by a coating method or the like, and then dried to remove the solvent and form a solid particle layer.
  • the solid particles are scraped by the depressions between adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer 53B, and the depression on the positive electrode side
  • the particle concentration in the impregnation region A increases.
  • the solid particles for example, it is preferable to use particles adjusted so that the particle diameter D95 is not less than a predetermined magnification of the particle diameter D50.
  • the solid particles particles having a particle diameter D50 of 2 / ⁇ 3-1 times or more of a part of the solid particles are added, and the particle diameter D95 of the solid particles is 2 / ⁇ 3 of the particle diameter D50 of the active material particles. It is preferable to use one adjusted to be ⁇ 1 or more. Thereby, the gap between the particles at the bottom of the dent can be filled with particles having a larger particle diameter, and the solid particles can be easily scraped.
  • the distance between the electrodes can be prevented from unintentionally spreading by removing excess paint. Further, by scraping the surface of the paint, more solid particles can be arranged in the recesses between adjacent active material particles, and the ratio of the solid particles in the topcoat region B is lowered. Thereby, most of the solid particles can be intensively arranged in the depression-impregnated region.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the first embodiment may be manufactured as follows.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54 by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a coating material for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound and a solvent can be used.
  • a solid particle layer is formed on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53.
  • composition for electrolyte containing a non-aqueous electrolyte, a monomer that is a raw material for the polymer compound, a polymerization initiator, and other materials such as a polymerization inhibitor as necessary is prepared.
  • the positive electrode lead 51 is attached to the end of the positive electrode current collector 53A by welding, and the negative electrode lead 52 is attached to the end of the negative electrode current collector 54A by welding.
  • the positive electrode 53 and the negative electrode 54 are stacked with the separator 55 interposed therebetween and wound, and the protective tape 57 is adhered to the outermost peripheral portion to form a wound body that is a precursor of the wound electrode body 50.
  • the wound body is sandwiched between the exterior members 60, and the outer peripheral edge portion excluding one side is heat-sealed to form a bag shape, and is stored inside the exterior member 60.
  • the exterior member 60 is sealed using a thermal fusion method or the like.
  • the monomer is polymerized by thermal polymerization or the like.
  • the electrolyte layer 56 is formed.
  • the intended nonaqueous electrolyte battery is obtained.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be produced as follows.
  • the positive electrode 53 and the negative electrode 54 are produced in the same manner as described above.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54 by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a coating material for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound and a solvent can be used.
  • the solid particles are scraped by the dents between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer 54B, and the dents on the negative electrode side The particle concentration in the impregnation region A increases.
  • a coating similar to that described above is applied to both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53 by a coating method or the like, and then dried to remove the solvent and form a solid particle layer.
  • the solid particles are scraped by the depressions between adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer 53B, and the depression on the positive electrode side
  • the particle concentration in the impregnation region A increases.
  • the solid particles for example, it is preferable to use particles adjusted so that the particle diameter D95 is not less than a predetermined magnification of the particle diameter D50.
  • the solid particles particles having a particle diameter D50 of 2 / ⁇ 3-1 times or more of a part of the solid particles are added, and the particle diameter D95 of the solid particles is 2 / ⁇ 3 of the particle diameter D50 of the active material particles. It is preferable to use one adjusted to be ⁇ 1 or more. Thereby, the gap between the particles at the bottom of the dent can be filled with particles having a larger particle diameter, and the solid particles can be easily scraped.
  • the distance between the electrodes can be prevented from unintentionally spreading by removing excess paint. Further, by scraping the surface of the paint, more solid particles can be arranged in the recesses between adjacent active material particles, and the ratio of the solid particles in the topcoat region B is lowered. Thereby, most of the solid particles can be intensively arranged in the depression-impregnated region.
  • the target non-aqueous electrolyte battery is obtained through the same steps as described above.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the first embodiment may be manufactured as follows.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54 by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a coating material for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound and a solvent can be used.
  • a solid particle layer is formed on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53.
  • a coating solution containing a nonaqueous electrolytic solution, a matrix polymer compound, and a dispersion solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is applied to at least one of the main surfaces of the separator 55. Then, drying and the like are performed to form a matrix resin layer.
  • the laminated body is wound in the longitudinal direction, and the protective tape 57 is adhered to the outermost peripheral portion to thereby form the wound electrode.
  • the body 50 is produced.
  • the exterior member 60 made of a laminate film is deep-drawn to form a recess, the wound electrode body 50 is inserted into the recess, the unprocessed portion of the exterior member 60 is folded back to the upper portion of the recess, and the outer periphery of the recess Heat welding is performed except for a part (for example, one side).
  • an adhesion film 61 is inserted between the positive electrode lead 51 and the negative electrode lead 52 and the exterior member 60.
  • the unwelded portion of the exterior member 60 is sealed by heat fusion or the like.
  • the matrix resin layer is impregnated with the nonaqueous electrolytic solution, and the matrix polymer compound swells to form the electrolyte layer 56.
  • the target nonaqueous electrolyte battery is obtained.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be produced as follows.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the negative electrode 54 by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a coating material for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound and a solvent can be used.
  • the solid particles are scraped by the dents between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer 54B, and the dents on the negative electrode side The particle concentration in the impregnation region A increases.
  • a coating similar to that described above is applied to both main surfaces of the positive electrode 53 by a coating method or the like, and then dried to remove the solvent and form a solid particle layer.
  • the solid particles are scraped by the depressions between adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer 53B, and the depression on the positive electrode side
  • the particle concentration in the impregnation region A increases.
  • the solid particles for example, it is preferable to use particles adjusted so that the particle diameter D95 is not less than a predetermined magnification of the particle diameter D50.
  • the solid particles particles having a particle diameter D50 of 2 / ⁇ 3-1 times or more of a part of the solid particles are added, and the particle diameter D95 of the solid particles is 2 / ⁇ 3 of the particle diameter D50 of the active material particles. It is preferable to use one adjusted to be ⁇ 1 or more. Thereby, the gap between the particles at the bottom of the dent can be filled with particles having a larger particle diameter, and the solid particles can be easily scraped.
  • the distance between the electrodes can be prevented from unintentionally spreading by removing excess paint. Further, by scraping the surface of the paint, more solid particles can be arranged in the recesses between adjacent active material particles, and the ratio of the solid particles in the topcoat region B is lowered. Thereby, most of the solid particles can be intensively arranged in the depression-impregnated region.
  • the target non-aqueous electrolyte battery is obtained through the same steps as described above.
  • the configuration example using the gel electrolyte has been described.
  • an electrolyte solution that is a liquid electrolyte may be used instead of the gel electrolyte.
  • the exterior member 60 is filled with a non-aqueous electrolyte, and a wound body having a configuration in which the electrolyte layer 56 is omitted from the wound electrode body 50 is impregnated with the non-aqueous electrolyte.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery is manufactured as follows, for example.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the separator 55 by an application method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a coating material for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound (resin) and a solvent can be used.
  • the positive electrode 53 and the negative electrode 54 are laminated and wound via the separator 55, and the protective tape 57 is adhered to the outermost peripheral portion to form a wound body that is a precursor of the wound electrode body 50.
  • the wound body is sandwiched between the exterior members 60, and the outer peripheral edge except for one side is heat-sealed into a bag shape and stored in the interior of the exterior member 60.
  • a non-aqueous electrolyte is prepared, poured into the exterior member 60, the wound body is impregnated with the non-aqueous electrolyte, and the opening of the exterior member 60 is heat-sealed in a vacuum atmosphere. Seal. As a result, the intended nonaqueous electrolyte battery is obtained.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be produced as follows.
  • the positive electrode 53 and the negative electrode 54 are prepared, and the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is prepared. Thereafter, a wound body is formed in the same manner as described above.
  • the wound body is put in a packaging material such as a latex tube and sealed, and heated under hydrostatic pressure.
  • a packaging material such as a latex tube and sealed, and heated under hydrostatic pressure.
  • the solid particles are moved to the depressions between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer 54B, and the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side is increased.
  • the solid particles are moved to the depressions between the adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer 53B, and the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side is increased.
  • the target non-aqueous electrolyte battery is obtained through the same steps as described above.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the first embodiment may be manufactured as follows.
  • composition for electrolyte containing a non-aqueous electrolyte, a monomer that is a raw material for the polymer compound, a polymerization initiator, and other materials such as a polymerization inhibitor as necessary is prepared.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the separator 55 by an application method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a coating material for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound (resin) and a solvent can be used.
  • the positive electrode lead 51 is attached to the end of the positive electrode current collector 53A by welding, and the negative electrode lead 52 is attached to the end of the negative electrode current collector 54A by welding.
  • the positive electrode 53 and the negative electrode 54 are laminated and wound via the separator 55, and the protective tape 57 is adhered to the outermost peripheral portion to form a wound body that is a precursor of the wound electrode body 50.
  • the wound body is sandwiched between the exterior members 60, and the outer peripheral edge except for one side is heat-sealed into a bag shape and stored in the interior of the exterior member 60.
  • the exterior member 60 is sealed using a thermal fusion method or the like.
  • the monomer is polymerized by thermal polymerization or the like.
  • the electrolyte layer 56 is formed.
  • the intended nonaqueous electrolyte battery is obtained.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be produced as follows.
  • a wound body that is a precursor of the wound electrode body 50 is formed.
  • the wound body is sealed in a packaging material such as a latex tube and heated under hydrostatic pressure.
  • a packaging material such as a latex tube and heated under hydrostatic pressure.
  • the solid particles are moved to the depressions between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer 54B, and the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side is increased.
  • the solid particles are moved to the depressions between the adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer 53B, and the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side is increased.
  • the target non-aqueous electrolyte battery is obtained through the same steps as described above.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the first embodiment may be manufactured as follows.
  • the laminated body is wound in the longitudinal direction, and the protective tape 57 is adhered to the outermost peripheral portion to thereby form the wound electrode.
  • the body 50 is produced.
  • the exterior member 60 made of a laminate film is deep-drawn to form a recess, the wound electrode body 50 is inserted into the recess, the unprocessed portion of the exterior member 60 is folded back to the upper portion of the recess, and the outer periphery of the recess Heat welding is performed except for a part (for example, one side).
  • an adhesion film 61 is inserted between the positive electrode lead 51 and the negative electrode lead 52 and the exterior member 60.
  • the unwelded portion of the exterior member 60 is sealed by heat fusion or the like.
  • the matrix resin layer is impregnated with the nonaqueous electrolytic solution, and the matrix polymer compound swells to form the electrolyte layer 56.
  • the target nonaqueous electrolyte battery is obtained.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery When adjusting the arrangement of solid particles, the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be produced as follows.
  • the wound electrode body 50 is produced in the same manner as described above.
  • the wound electrode body 50 is sealed in a packaging material such as a latex tube and heated under a hydrostatic pressure.
  • a packaging material such as a latex tube
  • the solid particles are moved to the depressions between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer 54B, and the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side is increased.
  • the solid particles are moved to the depressions between the adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer 53B, and the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side is increased.
  • the exterior member 60 made of a laminate film is deep-drawn to form a recess, the wound electrode body 50 is inserted into the recess, the unprocessed portion of the exterior member 60 is folded back to the upper portion of the recess, and the outer periphery of the recess Heat welding is performed except for a part (for example, one side).
  • an adhesion film 61 is inserted between the positive electrode lead 51 and the negative electrode lead 52 and the exterior member 60.
  • the unwelded portion of the exterior member 60 is sealed by heat fusion or the like.
  • the matrix resin layer is impregnated with the nonaqueous electrolytic solution, and the matrix polymer compound swells to form the electrolyte layer 56.
  • the target nonaqueous electrolyte battery is obtained.
  • solid particles are contained in the active material layer of the electrode as follows.
  • solid particles may be contained only in the negative electrode active material layers.
  • a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, a binder, and solid particles are mixed to prepare a positive electrode mixture, and the positive electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to obtain a paste-like material.
  • a positive electrode mixture slurry is prepared. Next, the positive electrode mixture slurry is applied to the positive electrode current collector 53A, the solvent is dried, and the positive electrode active material layer 53B is formed by compression molding with a roll press or the like, and the positive electrode 53 is manufactured.
  • a negative electrode active material, a binder, and solid particles are mixed to prepare a negative electrode mixture, and the negative electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to obtain a paste-like negative electrode mixture slurry Is made.
  • this negative electrode mixture slurry is applied to the negative electrode current collector 54A, the solvent is dried, and the negative electrode active material layer 54B is formed by compression molding with a roll press machine or the like, and the negative electrode 54 is manufactured.
  • the positive electrode lead 51 is attached to the end of the positive electrode current collector 53A by welding, and the negative electrode lead 52 is attached to the end of the negative electrode current collector 54A by welding.
  • the positive electrode 53 and the negative electrode 54 are laminated and wound via the separator 55, and the protective tape 57 is adhered to the outermost peripheral portion to form a wound body that is a precursor of the wound electrode body 50.
  • the wound body is sandwiched between the exterior members 60, and the outer peripheral edge except for one side is heat-sealed into a bag shape and stored in the interior of the exterior member 60.
  • a non-aqueous electrolyte is prepared, poured into the exterior member 60, the wound body is impregnated with the non-aqueous electrolyte, and the opening of the exterior member 60 is heat-sealed in a vacuum atmosphere. Seal. As a result, the intended nonaqueous electrolyte battery is obtained.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the first embodiment may be manufactured as follows. First, solid particles are contained in the active material layer of the electrode as follows. In the following, an example in which solid particles are contained in the active material layers of both electrodes will be described. However, solid particles may be contained only in the active material layer of one electrode (negative electrode or positive electrode).
  • the positive electrode 53 is produced in the same manner as in Modification Example 1-8. Thereby, the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side is increased.
  • a negative electrode 54 is produced in the same manner as in Modification Example 1-8. Thereby, the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side is increased.
  • composition for electrolyte containing a non-aqueous electrolyte, a monomer that is a raw material for the polymer compound, a polymerization initiator, and other materials such as a polymerization inhibitor as necessary is prepared.
  • a wound body that is a precursor of the wound electrode body 50 is formed in the same manner as in Modification 1-8.
  • the wound body is sandwiched between the exterior members 60, and the outer peripheral edge portion excluding one side is heat-sealed to form a bag shape, and is stored inside the exterior member 60.
  • the exterior member 60 is sealed using a thermal fusion method or the like.
  • the monomer is polymerized by thermal polymerization or the like.
  • the electrolyte layer 56 is formed.
  • the intended nonaqueous electrolyte battery is obtained.
  • FIG. 4A is an external view of a nonaqueous electrolyte battery in which the laminated electrode body 70 is accommodated.
  • FIG. 4B is an exploded perspective view showing a state in which the laminated electrode body 70 is accommodated in the exterior member 60.
  • 4C is an external view showing an external appearance from the bottom surface side of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery shown in FIG. 4A.
  • the laminated electrode body 70 uses a laminated electrode body 70 in which a rectangular positive electrode 73 and a rectangular negative electrode 74 are laminated via a rectangular separator 75 and fixed by a fixing member 76.
  • the electrolyte layer is provided in contact with the positive electrode 73 and the negative electrode 74.
  • an electrolyte layer (not shown) is provided between the positive electrode 73 and the separator 75 and between the negative electrode 74 and the separator 75. This electrolyte layer is the same as the electrolyte layer 56 described above.
  • a positive electrode lead 71 connected to the positive electrode 73 and a negative electrode lead 72 connected to the negative electrode 74 are led out from the laminated electrode body 70, and the positive electrode lead 71, the negative electrode lead 72, and the exterior member 60 are in close contact with each other.
  • a film 61 is provided.
  • the manufacturing method of a nonaqueous electrolyte battery produces a laminated electrode body instead of the wound electrode body 50, a laminated body instead of the wound body (with the electrolyte layer omitted from the laminated electrode body 70).
  • a laminated electrode body instead of the wound electrode body 50
  • a laminated body instead of the wound body (with the electrolyte layer omitted from the laminated electrode body 70).
  • a cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte battery (battery) will be described.
  • This nonaqueous electrolyte battery is, for example, a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery that can be charged and discharged, and is, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the second embodiment.
  • This non-aqueous electrolyte battery is a so-called cylindrical type, and is formed in a substantially hollow cylindrical battery can 81 with a non-illustrated liquid non-aqueous electrolyte (hereinafter appropriately referred to as a non-aqueous electrolyte) and a belt-like shape.
  • a positive electrode 91 and a negative electrode 92 have a wound electrode body 90 in which a separator 93 is wound.
  • the battery can 81 is made of, for example, iron plated with nickel, and has one end closed and the other end open. Inside the battery can 81, a pair of insulating plates 82a and 82b are respectively arranged perpendicular to the winding peripheral surface so as to sandwich the winding electrode body 90 therebetween.
  • Examples of the material of the battery can 81 include iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), stainless steel (SUS), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), and the like.
  • the battery can 81 may be plated with, for example, nickel or the like in order to prevent corrosion due to an electrochemical non-aqueous electrolyte accompanying charging / discharging of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery.
  • a battery lid 83 that is a positive electrode lead plate and a safety valve mechanism and a heat-sensitive resistance element (PTC element: Positive Temperature Coefficient) 87 provided inside the battery lid 83 are provided at the open end of the battery can 81 with an insulating seal. It is attached by caulking through a gasket 88 for
  • the battery lid 83 is made of the same material as the battery can 81, for example, and is provided with an opening for discharging gas generated inside the battery.
  • a safety valve 84, a disc holder 85, and a shut-off disc 86 are sequentially stacked.
  • the protruding portion 84a of the safety valve 84 is connected to the positive electrode lead 95 led out from the wound electrode body 90 through a sub disk 89 disposed so as to cover a hole 86a provided at the center of the shutoff disk 86. .
  • the safety valve mechanism is electrically connected to the battery lid 83 via the heat sensitive resistance element 87.
  • the safety valve mechanism reverses the safety valve 84 when the internal pressure of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery exceeds a certain level due to internal short circuit of the battery or heating from the outside of the battery, etc., and the protrusion 84a, the battery lid 83, the wound electrode body 90, This disconnects the electrical connection. That is, when the safety valve 84 is reversed, the positive electrode lead 95 is pressed by the shut-off disk 86 and the connection between the safety valve 84 and the positive electrode lead 95 is released.
  • the disc holder 85 is made of an insulating material, and when the safety valve 84 is reversed, the safety valve 84 and the shut-off disc 86 are insulated.
  • a plurality of gas vent holes are provided around the hole 86a of the shut-off disk 86.
  • gas vent holes are provided around the hole 86a of the shut-off disk 86.
  • the heat sensitive resistance element 87 increases in resistance value when the temperature rises, interrupts the current by disconnecting the electrical connection between the battery lid 83 and the wound electrode body 90, and generates abnormal heat due to an excessive current.
  • the gasket 88 is made of, for example, an insulating material, and asphalt is applied to the surface.
  • the wound electrode body 90 accommodated in the nonaqueous electrolyte battery is wound around the center pin 94.
  • the wound electrode body 90 is formed by sequentially laminating a positive electrode 91 and a negative electrode 92 with a separator 93 interposed therebetween and wound in the longitudinal direction.
  • a positive electrode lead 95 is connected to the positive electrode 91, and a negative electrode lead 96 is connected to the negative electrode 92.
  • the positive electrode lead 95 is welded to the safety valve 84 and electrically connected to the battery lid 83, and the negative electrode lead 96 is welded to and electrically connected to the battery can 81.
  • FIG. 6 shows an enlarged part of the spirally wound electrode body 90 shown in FIG.
  • a positive electrode active material layer 91B containing a positive electrode active material is formed on both surfaces of the positive electrode current collector 91A.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 91B may have a region formed on only one surface of the positive electrode current collector 91A.
  • a metal foil such as an aluminum (Al) foil, a nickel (Ni) foil, or a stainless steel (SUS) foil can be used.
  • the positive electrode active material layer 91 ⁇ / b> B is configured to include any one or more of positive electrode materials capable of inserting and extracting lithium as a positive electrode active material. Or other materials such as a conductive agent.
  • the positive electrode active material, the conductive agent, and the binder can be the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the positive electrode 91 has a positive electrode lead 95 connected to one end of the positive electrode current collector 91A by spot welding or ultrasonic welding.
  • the positive electrode lead 95 is preferably a metal foil or a mesh-like one, but there is no problem even if it is not a metal as long as it is electrochemically and chemically stable and can conduct electricity. Examples of the material of the positive electrode lead 95 include aluminum (Al) and nickel (Ni).
  • the negative electrode 92 has, for example, a structure in which a negative electrode active material layer 92B is formed on both surfaces of a negative electrode current collector 92A having a pair of opposed surfaces. Although not shown, the negative electrode active material layer 92B may be provided on only one surface of the negative electrode current collector 92A.
  • the negative electrode current collector 92A is made of, for example, a metal foil such as a copper foil.
  • the negative electrode active material layer 92B includes one or more negative electrode materials capable of occluding and releasing lithium as the negative electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material layer 91B as necessary. Other materials such as a binder and a conductive agent similar to those described above may be included.
  • the negative electrode active material, the conductive agent, and the binder can be the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the separator 93 is the same as the separator 55 according to the first embodiment.
  • Non-aqueous electrolyte The non-aqueous electrolyte is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the solid particles contained in the electrolyte are disposed in at least one of a region between the positive electrode and the separator, a region between the negative electrode and the separator, a void in the positive electrode active material layer, and a void in the negative electrode active material layer. . That is, an electrolyte is contained in a region between the positive electrode and the separator, and solid particles are contained in the electrolyte. An electrolyte is contained in a region between the negative electrode and the separator, and solid particles are contained in the electrolyte.
  • the voids between the active material particles in the positive electrode active material layer include an electrolyte, and the electrolyte includes solid particles.
  • the voids between the active material particles in the negative electrode active material layer include an electrolyte, and the electrolyte includes solid particles.
  • the solid particles are regions having the same configuration as the configuration in which the electrolyte layer 56 is omitted from the configuration shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B described in the first embodiment.
  • the solid particles are arranged so as to be higher than those.
  • a concentration difference is formed in the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side, the overcoating region B on the positive electrode side, and the deep region C on the positive electrode side, and the particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A is at least compared with the particle concentration in the deep region C on the positive electrode side.
  • the solid particles are arranged so as to be higher.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the negative electrode 92 by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a coating material for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound and a solvent can be used.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the positive electrode 93 by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a solid particle layer may be formed only on at least one main surface of one electrode (positive electrode 92 or negative electrode 93).
  • the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is prepared by dissolving an electrolyte salt in a nonaqueous solvent.
  • a positive electrode lead 95 is attached to the positive electrode current collector 91A by welding or the like, and a negative electrode lead 96 is attached to the negative electrode current collector 92A by welding or the like. Thereafter, the positive electrode 91 and the negative electrode 92 are wound through a separator 93 to form a wound electrode body 90.
  • the tip of the positive electrode lead 95 is welded to the safety valve mechanism, and the tip of the negative electrode lead 96 is welded to the battery can 81. Thereafter, the wound surface of the wound electrode body 90 is sandwiched between the pair of insulating plates 82 a and 82 b and housed in the battery can 81. After the wound electrode body 90 is accommodated in the battery can 81, a non-aqueous electrolyte is injected into the battery can 81 and impregnated in the separator 93. After that, the safety valve mechanism including the battery lid 83 and the safety valve 84 and the heat sensitive resistance element 87 are fixed to the opening end of the battery can 81 by caulking through the gasket 88. Thereby, the nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present technology shown in FIG. 5 is formed.
  • this non-aqueous electrolyte battery when charged, for example, lithium ions are extracted from the positive electrode active material layer 91B and inserted into the negative electrode active material layer 92B through the non-aqueous electrolyte impregnated in the separator 93.
  • lithium ions When discharging is performed, for example, lithium ions are released from the negative electrode active material layer 92 ⁇ / b> B and inserted into the positive electrode active material layer 91 ⁇ / b> B through the nonaqueous electrolytic solution impregnated in the separator 93.
  • a nonaqueous electrolyte battery When adjusting the arrangement of solid particles, a nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be produced as follows.
  • the positive electrode 91 and the negative electrode 92 are produced in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the negative electrode 92 by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a coating material for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound and a solvent can be used.
  • the solid particles are scraped by the depressions between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer 92B, and the depression on the negative electrode side The particle concentration in the impregnation region A increases.
  • a solid particle layer is formed on both main surfaces of the positive electrode 91 by a coating method or the like.
  • the solid particles are scraped by the depressions between adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer 91B, and the depression on the positive electrode side
  • the particle concentration in the impregnation region A increases.
  • the solid particles those adjusted so that the particle diameter D95 is not less than a predetermined magnification of the particle diameter D50 are preferably used.
  • a solid particle layer may be formed only on at least one main surface of one electrode (positive electrode 92 or negative electrode 93).
  • the distance between the electrodes can be prevented from unintentionally spreading by removing excess paint. Further, by scraping the surface of the paint, more particles are fed into the recesses between adjacent active material particles, and the ratio of the top coat region B is lowered. Thereby, most of the solid particles can be intensively arranged in the depression-impregnated region.
  • the nonaqueous electrolytic solution is prepared by dissolving an electrolyte salt in a nonaqueous solvent.
  • a positive electrode lead 95 is attached to the positive electrode current collector 91A by welding or the like, and a negative electrode lead 96 is attached to the negative electrode current collector 92A by welding or the like. Thereafter, the positive electrode 91 and the negative electrode 92 are wound through a separator 93 to form a wound electrode body 90.
  • the tip of the positive electrode lead 95 is welded to the safety valve mechanism, and the tip of the negative electrode lead 96 is welded to the battery can 81. Thereafter, the wound surface of the wound electrode body 90 is sandwiched between the pair of insulating plates 82 a and 82 b and housed in the battery can 81. After the wound electrode body 90 is accommodated in the battery can 81, a non-aqueous electrolyte is injected into the battery can 81 and impregnated in the separator 93. After that, the safety valve mechanism including the battery lid 83 and the safety valve 84 and the heat sensitive resistance element 87 are fixed to the opening end of the battery can 81 by caulking through the gasket 88. Thereby, the nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present technology shown in FIG. 5 is formed.
  • this non-aqueous electrolyte battery when charged, for example, lithium ions are extracted from the positive electrode active material layer 91B and inserted into the negative electrode active material layer 92B through the non-aqueous electrolyte impregnated in the separator 93.
  • lithium ions When discharging is performed, for example, lithium ions are released from the negative electrode active material layer 92 ⁇ / b> B and inserted into the positive electrode active material layer 91 ⁇ / b> B through the nonaqueous electrolytic solution impregnated in the separator 93.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the second embodiment may be manufactured as follows.
  • the positive electrode 91 and the negative electrode 92 are produced in the same manner as in the example of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the separator 93 by an application method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • the paint for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound and a solvent can be used.
  • the wound electrode body 90 is formed in the same manner as in the example of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery.
  • the subsequent steps can be performed in the same manner as in the above-described example to obtain the target nonaqueous electrolytic battery.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be produced as follows.
  • the positive electrode 91 and the negative electrode 92 are produced in the same manner as in the example of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the separator 93 by an application method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • the paint for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound and a solvent can be used.
  • the wound electrode body 90 is formed in the same manner as in the example of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery.
  • the spirally wound electrode body 90 Before the spirally wound electrode body 90 is housed in the battery can 81, the spirally wound electrode body 90 is sealed in a packaging material such as a latex tube and heated under hydrostatic pressure. Thereby, the solid particles are moved to the depressions between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer 92B, and the solid particle concentration in the depression impregnation region A on the negative electrode side is increased. The solid particles are moved to the depressions between adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer 91B, and the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side is increased.
  • a packaging material such as a latex tube and heated under hydrostatic pressure.
  • the subsequent steps can be performed in the same manner as in the above-described example to obtain the target nonaqueous electrolytic battery.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the second embodiment may be manufactured as follows.
  • solid particles are contained in the active material layer of the electrode as follows. In the following, an example in which solid particles are contained in the active material layers of both electrodes will be described. However, solid particles may be contained only in the active material layer of one electrode (negative electrode or positive electrode).
  • a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, a binder, and solid particles are mixed to prepare a positive electrode mixture, and the positive electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to obtain a paste-like material.
  • a positive electrode mixture slurry is prepared. Next, this positive electrode mixture slurry is applied to the positive electrode current collector 91A, the solvent is dried, and the positive electrode active material layer 91B is formed by compression molding using a roll press or the like, and the positive electrode 91 is manufactured.
  • a negative electrode active material, a binder, and solid particles are mixed to prepare a negative electrode mixture, and the negative electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to obtain a paste-like negative electrode mixture slurry Is made.
  • the negative electrode mixture slurry is applied to the negative electrode current collector 92A, the solvent is dried, and the negative electrode active material layer 92B is formed by compression molding with a roll press or the like, thereby producing the negative electrode 92.
  • FIG. 7 shows a configuration of an example of a nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the third embodiment.
  • This non-aqueous electrolyte battery is a so-called square battery, in which the wound electrode body 120 is accommodated in a square outer can 111.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes a rectangular tube-shaped outer can 111, a wound electrode body 120 that is a power generation element housed in the outer can 111, a battery lid 112 that closes an opening of the outer can 111, and a battery lid
  • the electrode pin 113 is provided at a substantially central portion of 112.
  • the outer can 111 is formed, for example, as a hollow, bottomed rectangular tube with a conductive metal such as iron (Fe).
  • the inner surface of the outer can 111 is preferably configured to increase the conductivity of the outer can 111 by, for example, applying nickel plating or applying a conductive paint.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the outer can 111 may be covered with an outer label formed of, for example, a plastic sheet or paper, or may be protected by applying an insulating paint.
  • the battery lid 112 is formed of a conductive metal such as iron (Fe), for example, like the outer can 111.
  • the wound electrode body 120 is obtained by laminating a positive electrode and a negative electrode with a separator interposed between them and winding them in an oval shape. Since the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the separator, and the nonaqueous electrolytic solution are the same as those in the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the wound electrode body 120 having such a configuration is provided with a number of positive terminals 121 connected to the positive current collector and a number of negative terminals connected to the negative current collector. All the positive terminals 121 and the negative terminals are led to one end of the spirally wound electrode body 120 in the axial direction.
  • the positive terminal 121 is connected to the lower end of the electrode pin 113 by fixing means such as welding.
  • the negative electrode terminal is connected to the inner surface of the outer can 111 by fixing means such as welding.
  • the electrode pin 113 is made of a conductive shaft member, and is held by an insulator 114 with its head protruding to the upper end.
  • the electrode pin 113 is fixed to a substantially central portion of the battery lid 112 through the insulator 114.
  • the insulator 114 is made of a highly insulating material and is fitted into a through hole 115 provided on the surface side of the battery lid 112. Further, the electrode pin 113 is penetrated through the through hole 115, and the tip end portion of the positive electrode terminal 121 is fixed to the lower end surface thereof.
  • the battery lid 112 provided with such electrode pins 113 and the like is fitted in the opening of the outer can 111, and the contact surface between the outer can 111 and the battery lid 112 is joined by a fixing means such as welding. Yes. Thereby, the opening part of the armored can 111 is sealed by the battery cover 112, and is comprised airtight and liquid-tight.
  • the battery lid 112 is provided with an internal pressure release mechanism 116 that breaks a part of the battery lid 112 to release (release) the internal pressure to the outside when the pressure in the outer can 111 rises to a predetermined value or more. ing.
  • the internal pressure release mechanism 116 has two first opening grooves 116a (one first opening groove 116a not shown) linearly extending in the longitudinal direction on the inner surface of the battery lid 112, and the same as the battery.
  • the inner surface of the lid 32 includes a second opening groove 116b extending in the width direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction and having both ends communicating with the two first opening grooves 116a.
  • the two first opening grooves 116a are provided in parallel to each other along the outer edge of the long side of the battery lid 112 in the vicinity of the inner side of the two long sides positioned so as to face the width direction of the battery lid 112. ing.
  • the second opening groove 116 b is provided so as to be positioned at a substantially central portion between one short side outer edge and the electrode pin 113 on one side in the longitudinal direction of the electrode pin 113.
  • the first opening groove 116a and the second opening groove 116b are, for example, both V-shaped with a cross-sectional shape opened to the lower surface side. Note that the shapes of the first opening groove 116a and the second opening groove 116b are not limited to the V-shape shown in this embodiment. For example, the shapes of the first opening groove 116a and the second opening groove 116b may be U-shaped or semicircular.
  • the electrolyte injection port 117 is provided so as to penetrate the battery lid 112.
  • the electrolyte injection port 117 is used to inject the non-aqueous electrolyte after the battery lid 112 and the outer can 111 are caulked, and is sealed by the sealing member 118 after the non-aqueous electrolyte is injected.
  • the electrolyte solution inlet 117 and the sealing member 118 may not be provided.
  • Non-aqueous electrolyte The non-aqueous electrolyte is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the solid particles contained in the electrolyte are disposed in at least one of a region between the positive electrode and the separator, a region between the negative electrode and the separator, a void in the positive electrode active material layer, and a void in the negative electrode active material layer. . That is, an electrolyte is contained in a region between the positive electrode and the separator, and solid particles are contained in the electrolyte. An electrolyte is contained in a region between the negative electrode and the separator, and solid particles are contained in the electrolyte.
  • the voids between the active material particles in the positive electrode active material layer include an electrolyte, and the electrolyte includes solid particles.
  • the voids between the active material particles in the negative electrode active material layer include an electrolyte, and the electrolyte includes solid particles.
  • the solid particles are regions having the same configuration as the configuration in which the electrolyte layer 56 is omitted from the configuration shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B described in the first embodiment.
  • the solid particles are arranged so as to be higher than those.
  • a concentration difference is formed in the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side, the overcoating region B on the positive electrode side, and the deep region C on the positive electrode side, and the particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A is at least compared with the particle concentration in the deep region C on the positive electrode side.
  • the solid particles are arranged so as to be higher.
  • This nonaqueous electrolyte battery can be manufactured, for example, as follows.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be produced by the same method as in the third embodiment.
  • a paint is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the negative electrode by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a coating method or the like for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound and a solvent can be used.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both the main surfaces of the positive electrode by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a solid particle layer may be formed only on at least one main surface of one electrode (positive electrode 92 or negative electrode 93).
  • a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator (having a particle-containing resin layer formed on at least one surface of a base material) are sequentially laminated and wound to produce a wound electrode body 120 that is wound in an oblong shape. Subsequently, the wound electrode body 120 is accommodated in the outer can 111.
  • the electrode pin 113 provided on the battery lid 112 and the positive electrode terminal 121 led out from the wound electrode body 120 are connected.
  • the negative electrode terminal led out from the wound electrode body 120 and the battery can are connected.
  • the outer can 111 and the battery lid 112 are fitted, and for example, a non-aqueous electrolyte is injected from the electrolyte injection port 117 under reduced pressure, and the sealing member 118 is sealed. As described above, a nonaqueous electrolyte battery can be obtained.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be produced as follows.
  • the positive electrode and the negative electrode can be produced by the same method as described above.
  • a paint is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the negative electrode by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • the paint for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound and a solvent can be used.
  • the solid particles are scraped by the dents between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer, and the dent impregnation region on the negative electrode side The particle concentration of A increases.
  • a solid particle layer is formed on both main surfaces of the positive electrode by a coating method or the like.
  • the solid particles are rubbed by the dents between adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer, and the dent impregnation region on the positive electrode side
  • the particle concentration of A increases.
  • the solid particles those adjusted so that the particle diameter D95 is not less than a predetermined magnification of the particle diameter D50 are preferably used.
  • the solid particles particles having a particle diameter D50 of 2 / ⁇ 3-1 times or more of a part of the solid particles are added, and the particle diameter D95 of the solid particles is 2 / ⁇ 3 of the particle diameter D50 of the active material particles.
  • a solid particle layer may be formed only on at least one main surface of one electrode (positive electrode 92 or negative electrode 93).
  • the distance between the electrodes can be prevented from unintentionally spreading by removing excess paint. Further, by scraping the surface of the paint, more solid particles can be arranged in the recesses between the adjacent active material particles, and the ratio of the solid particles in the overcoat region B is lowered. Thereby, most of the solid particles can be intensively arranged in the depression-impregnated region.
  • a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator (having a particle-containing resin layer formed on at least one surface of a base material) are sequentially laminated and wound to produce a wound electrode body 120 that is wound in an oblong shape. Subsequently, the wound electrode body 120 is accommodated in the outer can 111.
  • the electrode pin 113 provided on the battery lid 112 and the positive electrode terminal 121 led out from the wound electrode body 120 are connected.
  • the negative electrode terminal led out from the wound electrode body 120 and the battery can are connected.
  • the outer can 111 and the battery lid 112 are fitted, and for example, a non-aqueous electrolyte is injected from the electrolyte injection port 117 under reduced pressure, and the sealing member 118 is sealed. As described above, a nonaqueous electrolyte battery can be obtained.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the third embodiment may be manufactured as follows.
  • a positive electrode and a negative electrode are produced in the same manner as in the example of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery.
  • a coating material is applied on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the separator by a coating method or the like, and then the solvent is removed by drying to form a solid particle layer.
  • a coating material for example, a mixture of solid particles, a binder polymer compound and a solvent can be used.
  • the wound electrode body 120 is formed in the same manner as in the example of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery.
  • the target nonaqueous electrolytic battery can be obtained in the same manner as in the above-described example.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be produced as follows.
  • a positive electrode and a negative electrode are prepared in the same manner as described above, and a solid particle layer is formed on at least one main surface of both main surfaces of the separator in the same manner as described above.
  • the wound electrode body 120 is formed in the same manner as in the example of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery.
  • the wound electrode body 120 is sealed in a packaging material such as a latex tube and heated under hydrostatic pressure.
  • a packaging material such as a latex tube and heated under hydrostatic pressure.
  • the solid particles are moved (pushed) into the depressions between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer, and the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side is increased.
  • the solid particles are moved to the depressions between adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer, and the solid particle concentration in the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side is increased.
  • the target nonaqueous electrolytic battery can be obtained in the same manner as in the above-described example.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to the third embodiment may be manufactured as follows.
  • solid particles are contained in the active material layer of the electrode as follows. In the following, an example in which solid particles are contained in the active material layers of both electrodes will be described, but solid particles may be contained only in the active material layer of one electrode (positive electrode or negative electrode).
  • a positive electrode active material, a conductive agent, a binder, and solid particles are mixed to prepare a positive electrode mixture, and the positive electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to obtain a paste-like material.
  • a positive electrode mixture slurry is prepared. Next, this positive electrode mixture slurry is applied to a positive electrode current collector, the solvent is dried, and compression-molded by a roll press machine or the like to form a positive electrode active material layer, thereby producing a positive electrode.
  • a negative electrode active material, a binder, and solid particles are mixed to prepare a negative electrode mixture, and the negative electrode mixture is dispersed in a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone to obtain a paste-like negative electrode mixture slurry Is made.
  • this negative electrode mixture slurry is applied to a negative electrode current collector, the solvent is dried, and compression molding is performed by a roll press or the like to form a negative electrode active material layer, thereby producing a negative electrode.
  • FIG. 8 shows a perspective configuration of a battery pack using a single battery
  • FIG. 9 shows a block configuration of the battery pack shown in FIG.
  • disassembled the battery pack is shown.
  • the battery pack described here is a simple battery pack (so-called soft pack) using one secondary battery, and is built in, for example, an electronic device typified by a smartphone.
  • the battery pack includes a power supply 211 that is a laminate film type secondary battery similar to that of the first embodiment, and a circuit board 216 connected to the power supply 211. ing.
  • a pair of adhesive tapes 218 and 219 are attached to both side surfaces of the power source 211.
  • a protection circuit (PCM: Protection Circuit Circuit Module) is formed on the circuit board 216.
  • the circuit board 216 is connected to the positive lead 212 and the negative lead 213 of the power supply 211 via a pair of tabs 214 and 215 and is connected to a lead wire 217 with a connector for external connection.
  • the circuit board 216 is protected from above and below by the label 220 and the insulating sheet 231. By attaching the label 220, the circuit board 216, the insulating sheet 231 and the like are fixed.
  • the battery pack includes a power source 211 and a circuit board 216 as shown in FIG.
  • the circuit board 216 includes, for example, a control unit 221, a switch unit 222, a PTC 223, and a temperature detection unit 224. Since the power source 211 can be connected to the outside through the positive terminal 225 and the negative terminal 227, the power source 211 is charged / discharged through the positive terminal 225 and the negative terminal 227.
  • the temperature detection unit 224 can detect the temperature using a temperature detection terminal (so-called T terminal) 226.
  • the control unit 221 controls the operation of the entire battery pack (including the usage state of the power supply 211), and includes, for example, a central processing unit (CPU) and a memory.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the control unit 221 disconnects the switch unit 222 to prevent the charging current from flowing through the current path of the power supply 211. For example, when a large current flows during charging, the control unit 221 disconnects the charging current by cutting the switch unit 222.
  • the control unit 221 disconnects the switch unit 222 so that the discharge current does not flow in the current path of the power supply 211. For example, when a large current flows during discharge, the control unit 221 cuts off the discharge current by cutting the switch unit 222.
  • the overcharge detection voltage of the secondary battery is, for example, 4.20V ⁇ 0.05V, and the overdischarge detection voltage is, for example, 2.4V ⁇ 0.1V.
  • the switch unit 222 switches the usage state of the power source 211 (whether the power source 211 can be connected to an external device) in accordance with an instruction from the control unit 221.
  • the switch unit 222 includes, for example, a charge control switch and a discharge control switch.
  • the charge control switch and the discharge control switch are semiconductor switches such as a field effect transistor (MOSFET) using a metal oxide semiconductor, for example.
  • MOSFET field effect transistor
  • the charging / discharging current is detected based on the ON resistance of the switch unit 222, for example.
  • the temperature detection unit 224 measures the temperature of the power supply 211 and outputs the measurement result to the control unit 221.
  • the temperature detection unit 224 includes a temperature detection element such as a thermistor.
  • the measurement result by the temperature detection unit 224 is used when the control unit 221 performs charge / discharge control during abnormal heat generation or when the control unit 221 performs correction processing when calculating the remaining capacity.
  • the circuit board 216 may not include the PTC 223. In this case, a PTC element may be attached to the circuit board 216 separately.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration when a battery (hereinafter, appropriately referred to as a secondary battery) according to the first to third embodiments of the present technology is applied to a battery pack.
  • the battery pack includes a switch unit 304 including an assembled battery 301, an exterior, a charge control switch 302a, and a discharge control switch 303a, a current detection resistor 307, a temperature detection element 308, and a control unit 310.
  • the battery pack includes a positive electrode terminal 321 and a negative electrode lead 322, and at the time of charging, the positive electrode terminal 321 and the negative electrode lead 322 are connected to the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the charger, respectively, and charging is performed. Further, when the electronic device is used, the positive electrode terminal 321 and the negative electrode lead 322 are connected to the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal of the electronic device, respectively, and discharge is performed.
  • the assembled battery 301 is formed by connecting a plurality of secondary batteries 301a in series and / or in parallel.
  • the secondary battery 301a is a secondary battery of the present technology.
  • 2P3S 2 parallel 3 series
  • n parallel m series any connection method may be used.
  • the switch unit 304 includes a charge control switch 302a and a diode 302b, and a discharge control switch 303a and a diode 303b, and is controlled by the control unit 310.
  • the diode 302b has a reverse polarity with respect to the charging current flowing from the positive electrode terminal 321 in the direction of the assembled battery 301 and the forward polarity with respect to the discharging current flowing from the negative electrode lead 322 in the direction of the assembled battery 301.
  • the diode 303b has a forward polarity with respect to the charging current and a reverse polarity with respect to the discharging current.
  • the switch unit 304 is provided on the + side, but may be provided on the-side.
  • the charge control switch 302a is turned off when the battery voltage becomes the overcharge detection voltage, and is controlled by the charge / discharge control unit so that the charge current does not flow in the current path of the assembled battery 301. After the charging control switch 302a is turned off, only discharging is possible via the diode 302b. Further, it is turned off when a large current flows during charging, and is controlled by the control unit 310 so that the charging current flowing in the current path of the assembled battery 301 is cut off.
  • the discharge control switch 303 a is turned off when the battery voltage becomes the overdischarge detection voltage, and is controlled by the control unit 310 so that the discharge current does not flow in the current path of the assembled battery 301. After the discharge control switch 303a is turned off, only charging is possible via the diode 303b. Further, it is turned off when a large current flows during discharging, and is controlled by the control unit 310 so as to cut off the discharging current flowing in the current path of the assembled battery 301.
  • the temperature detection element 308 is, for example, a thermistor, is provided in the vicinity of the assembled battery 301, measures the temperature of the assembled battery 301, and supplies the measured temperature to the control unit 310.
  • the voltage detection unit 311 measures the voltage of the assembled battery 301 and each secondary battery 301a constituting the assembled battery 301, performs A / D conversion on the measured voltage, and supplies it to the control unit 310.
  • the current measurement unit 313 measures the current using the current detection resistor 307 and supplies this measurement current to the control unit 310.
  • the switch control unit 314 controls the charge control switch 302a and the discharge control switch 303a of the switch unit 304 based on the voltage and current input from the voltage detection unit 311 and the current measurement unit 313.
  • the switch control unit 314 sends a control signal to the switch unit 304 when any voltage of the secondary battery 301a falls below the overcharge detection voltage or overdischarge detection voltage, or when a large current flows suddenly. By sending, overcharge, overdischarge, and overcurrent charge / discharge are prevented.
  • the overcharge detection voltage is determined to be 4.20 V ⁇ 0.05 V, for example, and the overdischarge detection voltage is determined to be 2.4 V ⁇ 0.1 V, for example. .
  • the charge / discharge switch for example, a semiconductor switch such as a MOSFET can be used.
  • the parasitic diode of the MOSFET functions as the diodes 302b and 303b.
  • the switch control unit 314 supplies control signals DO and CO to the gates of the charge control switch 302a and the discharge control switch 303a, respectively.
  • the charge control switch 302a and the discharge control switch 303a are P-channel type, they are turned on by a gate potential that is lower than the source potential by a predetermined value or more. That is, in normal charging and discharging operations, the control signals CO and DO are set to the low level, and the charging control switch 302a and the discharging control switch 303a are turned on.
  • control signals CO and DO are set to the high level, and the charge control switch 302a and the discharge control switch 303a are turned off.
  • the memory 317 includes a RAM and a ROM, and includes, for example, an EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) that is a nonvolatile memory.
  • EPROM Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
  • the numerical value calculated by the control unit 310, the internal resistance value of the battery in the initial state of each secondary battery 301a measured in the manufacturing process, and the like are stored in advance, and can be appropriately rewritten. . (Also, by storing the full charge capacity of the secondary battery 301a, for example, the remaining capacity can be calculated together with the control unit 310.
  • the temperature detection unit 318 measures the temperature using the temperature detection element 308, performs charge / discharge control at the time of abnormal heat generation, and performs correction in the calculation of the remaining capacity.
  • the batteries according to the first to third embodiments and the battery packs according to the fourth to fifth embodiments of the present technology described above are, for example, devices such as an electronic device, an electric vehicle, and a power storage device. Can be used to mount or power.
  • Examples of electronic devices include notebook computers, PDAs (personal digital assistants), mobile phones, cordless phones, video movies, digital still cameras, electronic books, electronic dictionaries, music players, radios, headphones, game consoles, navigation systems, Memory card, pacemaker, hearing aid, electric tool, electric shaver, refrigerator, air conditioner, TV, stereo, water heater, microwave oven, dishwasher, washing machine, dryer, lighting equipment, toys, medical equipment, robots, road conditioners, traffic lights Etc.
  • examples of the electric vehicle include a railway vehicle, a golf cart, an electric cart, an electric vehicle (including a hybrid vehicle), and the like, and these are used as a driving power source or an auxiliary power source.
  • Examples of power storage devices include power storage power supplies for buildings such as houses or power generation facilities.
  • the first power storage system is a power storage system in which a power storage device is charged by a power generation device that generates power from renewable energy.
  • the second power storage system is a power storage system that includes a power storage device and supplies power to an electronic device connected to the power storage device.
  • the third power storage system is an electronic device that receives power supply from the power storage device.
  • the fourth power storage system includes an electric vehicle having a conversion device that receives power supplied from the power storage device and converts the power into a driving force of the vehicle, and a control device that performs information processing related to vehicle control based on information related to the power storage device. It is.
  • the fifth power storage system is a power system that includes a power information transmission / reception unit that transmits / receives signals to / from other devices via a network, and performs charge / discharge control of the power storage device described above based on information received by the transmission / reception unit.
  • the sixth power storage system is a power system that receives power from the power storage device described above or supplies power from the power generation device or the power network to the power storage device.
  • the power storage system will be described.
  • a power storage device using a battery of the present technology is applied to a residential power storage system
  • a power storage system 400 for a house 401 power is stored from a centralized power system 402 such as a thermal power generation 402a, a nuclear power generation 402b, and a hydroelectric power generation 402c through a power network 409, an information network 412, a smart meter 407, a power hub 408, and the like.
  • a power storage device 403 Supplied to the device 403.
  • power is supplied to the power storage device 403 from an independent power source such as the power generation device 404 in the home.
  • the electric power supplied to the power storage device 403 is stored. Electric power used in the house 401 is supplied using the power storage device 403.
  • the same power storage system can be used not only for the house 401 but also for buildings.
  • the house 401 is provided with a power generation device 404, a power consumption device 405, a power storage device 403, a control device 410 that controls each device, a smart meter 407, and a sensor 411 that acquires various types of information.
  • Each device is connected by a power network 409 and an information network 412.
  • a solar cell, a fuel cell, or the like is used as the power generation device 404, and the generated power is supplied to the power consumption device 405 and / or the power storage device 403.
  • the power consuming device 405 is a refrigerator 405a, an air conditioner 405b that is an air conditioner, a television 405c that is a television receiver, a bath (bath) 405d, and the like.
  • the electric power consumption device 405 includes an electric vehicle 406.
  • the electric vehicle 406 is an electric vehicle 406a, a hybrid car 406b, and an electric motorcycle 406c.
  • the battery of the present technology is applied to the power storage device 403.
  • the battery of the present technology may be configured by, for example, the above-described lithium ion secondary battery.
  • the smart meter 407 has a function of measuring the usage amount of commercial power and transmitting the measured usage amount to an electric power company.
  • the power network 409 may be any one or a combination of DC power supply, AC power supply, and non-contact power supply.
  • the various sensors 411 are, for example, human sensors, illuminance sensors, object detection sensors, power consumption sensors, vibration sensors, contact sensors, temperature sensors, infrared sensors, and the like. Information acquired by various sensors 411 is transmitted to the control device 410. Based on the information from the sensor 411, the weather condition, the condition of the person, and the like can be grasped, and the power consumption device 405 can be automatically controlled to minimize the energy consumption. Furthermore, the control apparatus 410 can transmit the information regarding the house 401 to an external electric power company etc. via the internet.
  • the power hub 408 performs processing such as branching of power lines and DC / AC conversion.
  • Communication methods of the information network 412 connected to the control device 410 include a method using a communication interface such as UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transceiver), wireless communication such as Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi, etc.
  • a communication interface such as UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transceiver), wireless communication such as Bluetooth, ZigBee, Wi-Fi, etc.
  • Bluetooth method is applied to multimedia communication and can perform one-to-many connection communication.
  • ZigBee uses the physical layer of IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Electronics) (802.15.4).
  • IEEE802.15.4 is a name of a short-range wireless network standard called PAN (Personal Area Network) or W (Wireless) PAN.
  • the control device 410 is connected to an external server 413.
  • the server 413 may be managed by any one of the house 401, the power company, and the service provider.
  • the information transmitted and received by the server 413 is, for example, information related to power consumption information, life pattern information, power charges, weather information, natural disaster information, and power transactions. These pieces of information may be transmitted / received from a power consuming device (for example, a television receiver) in the home, or may be transmitted / received from a device outside the home (for example, a mobile phone). Such information may be displayed on a device having a display function, for example, a television receiver, a mobile phone, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) or the like.
  • the control device 410 that controls each unit includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and the like, and is stored in the power storage device 403 in this example.
  • the control device 410 is connected to the power storage device 403, the domestic power generation device 404, the power consumption device 405, various sensors 411, the server 413 and the information network 412, and adjusts, for example, the amount of commercial power used and the amount of power generation It has a function to do. In addition, you may provide the function etc. which carry out an electric power transaction in an electric power market.
  • the power generation device 404 (solar power generation, wind power generation) in the home is used as the power storage device 403. Can be stored. Therefore, even if the generated power of the power generation device 404 in the home fluctuates, it is possible to perform control such that the amount of power transmitted to the outside is constant or discharge is performed as necessary. For example, the power obtained by solar power generation is stored in the power storage device 403, and the nighttime power at a low charge is stored in the power storage device 403 at night, and the power stored by the power storage device 403 is discharged during a high daytime charge. You can also use it.
  • control device 410 is stored in the power storage device 403 .
  • control device 410 may be stored in the smart meter 407 or may be configured independently.
  • the power storage system 400 may be used for a plurality of homes in an apartment house, or may be used for a plurality of detached houses.
  • FIG. 12 schematically shows an example of the configuration of a hybrid vehicle that employs a series hybrid system to which the present technology is applied.
  • a series hybrid system is a car that runs on an electric power driving force conversion device using electric power generated by a generator driven by an engine or electric power once stored in a battery.
  • the hybrid vehicle 500 includes an engine 501, a generator 502, a power driving force conversion device 503, driving wheels 504 a, driving wheels 504 b, wheels 505 a, wheels 505 b, a battery 508, a vehicle control device 509, various sensors 510, and a charging port 511. Is installed.
  • the battery of the present technology described above is applied to the battery 508.
  • Hybrid vehicle 500 travels using power driving force conversion device 503 as a power source.
  • An example of the power / driving force conversion device 503 is a motor.
  • the electric power / driving force converter 503 is operated by the electric power of the battery 508, and the rotational force of the electric power / driving force converter 503 is transmitted to the driving wheels 504a and 504b.
  • DC-AC DC-AC
  • AC-DC conversion AC-DC conversion
  • the power driving force converter 503 can be applied to either an AC motor or a DC motor.
  • the various sensors 510 control the engine speed through the vehicle control device 509 and control the opening (throttle opening) of a throttle valve (not shown).
  • Various sensors 510 include a speed sensor, an acceleration sensor, an engine speed sensor, and the like.
  • the rotational force of the engine 501 is transmitted to the generator 502, and the electric power generated by the generator 502 by the rotational force can be stored in the battery 508.
  • the resistance force at the time of deceleration is applied as a rotational force to the electric power driving force conversion device 503, and the regenerative electric power generated by the electric power driving force conversion device 503 by this rotational force becomes the battery 508. Accumulated in.
  • the battery 508 is connected to an external power source of the hybrid vehicle 500, so that it can receive power from the external power source using the charging port 511 as an input port and store the received power.
  • an information processing device that performs information processing related to vehicle control based on information related to the secondary battery may be provided.
  • an information processing apparatus for example, there is an information processing apparatus that displays a battery remaining amount based on information on the remaining amount of the battery.
  • the present technology is also effective for a parallel hybrid vehicle in which the engine and motor outputs are both driving sources, and the system is switched between the three modes of driving with only the engine, driving with the motor, and engine and motor. Applicable. Furthermore, the present technology can be effectively applied to a so-called electric vehicle that travels only by a drive motor without using an engine.
  • Example 1-1 [Production of positive electrode] 91% by mass of lithium cobaltate (LiCoO 2 ) particles (particle diameter D50: 10 ⁇ m) as a positive electrode active material, 6% by mass of carbon black as a conductive agent, and 3% by mass of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) as a binder To prepare a positive electrode mixture, and this positive electrode mixture was dispersed in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a dispersion medium to obtain a positive electrode mixture slurry.
  • NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
  • the positive electrode mixture slurry was applied on both sides of a positive electrode current collector made of a strip-shaped aluminum foil having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m so that a part of the positive electrode current collector was exposed. Thereafter, the dispersion medium of the applied positive electrode mixture slurry was evaporated and dried, and compression-molded with a roll press to form a positive electrode active material layer. Finally, the positive electrode terminal was attached to the exposed portion of the positive electrode current collector to form the positive electrode.
  • the negative electrode mixture slurry was applied to both surfaces of a negative electrode current collector made of a strip-shaped copper foil having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m so that a part of the negative electrode current collector was exposed. Then, the dispersion medium of the apply
  • the capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of the negative electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer can be adjusted to a desired value.
  • separator As a separator, a polyethylene (PE) microporous film (polyethylene separator) having a thickness of 5 ⁇ m was prepared.
  • PE polyethylene
  • Lithium hexafluorophosphate LiPF 6 was dissolved as an electrolyte salt in a non-aqueous solvent in which ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) were mixed, thereby preparing a non-aqueous electrolyte.
  • EC ethylene carbonate
  • PC propylene carbonate
  • PVdF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • DMC dimethyl carbonate
  • the coating solution was applied to both surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode in a heated state and dried to remove the diluting solvent (DMC), thereby forming a gel electrolyte layer on the surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • DMC diluting solvent
  • the electrolyte containing boehmite which is solid particles, can be soaked into the depressions between adjacent active material particles located on the outermost surface of the active material layer or inside the active material layer. At this time, the solid particles are rubbed in the depressions between the adjacent particles, so that a difference can be provided in the particle concentration between the depression impregnation region A and the deep region C.
  • the concentration of solid particles in the depression-impregnated region A on the negative electrode side is larger than the concentration of particles in the deep region C on the negative electrode side, and the concentration of solid particles in the depression-impregnated region A on the positive electrode side It is larger than the particle concentration in the deep region C.
  • the composition of the gel electrolyte layer is a mass percentage with respect to the total amount of the gel electrolyte layer, 10% by mass of solid particles, 5% by mass of resin (PVdF), 25% by mass of EC, 50% by mass of PC, LiPF 6 : 10. % By mass.
  • the solid particle concentration is 10% by volume.
  • a positive electrode and a negative electrode having electrolyte layers formed on both sides and a separator were laminated in the order of the positive electrode, the separator, the negative electrode, and the separator, and then wound in a flat shape many times in the longitudinal direction. Then, the winding electrode part was formed by fixing a winding end part with an adhesive tape.
  • the wound electrode body is covered with a laminate film having a soft aluminum layer, and the lead-out side of the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal around the wound electrode body and the other two sides are thermally fused under reduced pressure. Sealed and sealed.
  • a laminated film type battery shown in FIG. 1 having a battery shape of 4.5 mm in thickness, 30 mm in width, and 50 mm in height was produced.
  • Example 1-2> to ⁇ Example 1-10> and ⁇ Comparative Example 1-1> to ⁇ Comparative Example 1-2> When producing the negative electrode, the capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of the negative electrode active material layer was adjusted as shown in Table 1 below by changing the amount of the negative electrode active material without changing the press density. did. In order to keep the outer dimensions of the battery unchanged from Example 1-1, the electrode was lengthened when the thickness was reduced, and the electrode was shortened when the thickness was thickened. Except for the above, a laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
  • Example 1-11> to ⁇ Example 1-20> and ⁇ Comparative Example 1-3> to ⁇ Comparative Example 1-4> When producing the negative electrode, the capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of the voids in the negative electrode active material layer was changed as shown in Table 1 below by changing the amount of active material and the press density of the negative electrode active material layer. It was adjusted. In order to keep the outer dimensions of the battery unchanged from Example 1-1, the electrode was lengthened when the thickness was reduced, and the electrode was shortened when the thickness was thickened. Except for the above, a laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
  • the particle size of 50% cumulative volume calculated from the particle side of the small particle size is defined as the particle size D50 of the particles.
  • the value of the particle diameter D95 of 95% of the cumulative volume was obtained from the measured particle size distribution as necessary.
  • the active material particles were measured in the same manner for particles obtained by removing components other than the active material from the active material layer.
  • the BET specific surface area (m 2 / g) was determined for the solid particles after removing the electrolyte component and the like from the electrolyte layer using a BET specific surface area measuring device.
  • the capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of the negative electrode active material layer is defined by the negative electrode active material layer on one side of the electrode composed of the negative electrode active material layer formed on both sides or one side of the negative electrode current collector.
  • a negative electrode obtained by disassembling a battery in a fully charged state before repeating the cycle is punched into a circle, Li metal is disposed on the counter electrode side with a separator interposed therebetween, and an electrolytic solution (typically, for example, EC: 20 Coin cells were prepared using (mass% / DEC: 65 mass% / LiPF 6 : 15 mass%).
  • the capacity (mAh) when Li ions were dedoped from the negative electrode until reaching 1.5 V at a constant current of 0.2 mA was measured, and the value divided by the area (cm 2 ) of the negative electrode was obtained. It was.
  • the electrode was used in a state where the active material layer was disposed only on one side, and the value per one side of the electrode was determined.
  • the capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of the voids in the negative electrode active material layer was determined by measuring the porosity of the electrode using a mercury porosimeter and calculating the capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) in the negative electrode active material layer. Dividing by the rate (capacitance area density of negative electrode active material layer (mAh / cm 2 ) ⁇ porosity).
  • Battery evaluation Battery performance evaluation using volume energy density as an index
  • the prepared battery was charged with a constant current / constant voltage of 5 A / 4.2 V for a total of 1 hour and then discharged at a constant current of 0.5 A until it reached 3 V. This was repeated 300 times, and the discharge capacity (mAh at the 300th cycle) ) And the average discharge voltage (V) at that time were divided by the battery volume (liter) to determine the volume energy density.
  • the volume energy density as an index for battery performance evaluation, the superiority or inferiority of the battery performance is clarified, and the necessary electrode design index setting is clarified even when the battery sizes are different.
  • the initial volume energy density is obtained by dividing the electric energy obtained from the discharge capacity (mAh) of the discharge capacity at the first cycle and the average discharge voltage (V) at that time by the battery volume (liter).
  • Initial capacity) (Wh / L) was determined.
  • the criteria for battery evaluation are as follows. (Initial volume energy density (Wh / L) criteria) Pass: 490 (Wh / L) or more Fail: Less than 490 (Wh / L) (Criteria for volume energy density (Wh / L) after 300 cycles) Excellent: Over 510 (Wh / L) Good: Over 480 (Wh / L) Over 510 (Wh / L) Acceptable: Over 450 (Wh / L) Over 480 (Wh / L) Fail: 450 (Wh / L) Less than
  • Table 1 shows the evaluation results.
  • Examples 1-1 to 1-28 an appropriate electrode design is made, and solid particles are included in the electrolyte, so that the initial volume energy density is high, and It was possible to maintain a high volumetric energy density even after repeated rapid charging.
  • Example 2-1> A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
  • Example 2-2> to ⁇ Example 2-36> A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the material type of the solid particles was changed as shown in Table 2 below.
  • Table 2 shows the evaluation results.
  • Examples 2-1 to 2-36 an appropriate electrode design is made, and solid particles are contained in the electrolyte, so that the initial volume energy density is high, and It was possible to maintain a high volumetric energy density even after repeated rapid charging.
  • Example 3-1 A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as Example 3-1.
  • Table 3 shows the evaluation results.
  • Examples 3-2 to 3-6 an appropriate electrode design is made, and since solid particles are included in the electrolyte, the initial volume energy density is high, and It was possible to maintain a high volumetric energy density even after repeated rapid charging.
  • Example 4-1 A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
  • Example 4-2> A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that the gel electrolyte layer was formed only on both sides of the negative electrode.
  • Example 4-3> A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 4-1, except that the gel electrolyte layer was formed only on both sides of the positive electrode.
  • Example 4-4> A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that instead of forming a gel electrolyte layer on the electrode, a gel electrolyte layer was formed on both main surfaces of the separator. did. In this example, since most of the solid particles contained in the electrolyte layer formed on the surface of the separator do not enter the recesses between adjacent active material particles located on the outermost surface of the active material layer, the recess impregnation region A The solid particle concentration of is low.
  • Table 4 shows the evaluation results.
  • Examples 4-1 to 4-4 an appropriate electrode design is made, and since solid particles are included in the electrolyte, the initial volume energy density is high, and It was possible to maintain a high volumetric energy density even after repeated rapid charging.
  • Example 5-1 A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
  • Example 5-2 to Example 5-11> A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 5-1, except that the particle diameter and BET specific surface area of the solid particles were changed as shown in Table 5 below.
  • Example 5-2 solid particles, solid particles that are 2 / ⁇ 3-1 times (0.15 ⁇ m) the particle diameter D50 of the negative electrode active material are added to a part of the solid particles. What was prepared so that the diameter D95 was 2 / ⁇ 3-1 (0.15 ⁇ m) of the particle diameter D50 of the negative electrode active material particles was used. As a result, the solid particles can be easily rubbed by filling the gaps between the particles at the bottom of the depression with some solid particles having a larger particle diameter.
  • Table 5 shows the evaluation results.
  • Example 6-1 A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
  • Example 6-2 A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 6-1 except that the gel electrolyte layer containing solid particles was formed only on both surfaces of the positive electrode.
  • Example 6-3> A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 6-1 except that the gel electrolyte layer containing solid particles was formed only on both sides of the negative electrode.
  • Example 6-4> A laminate film as in Example 6-1 except that instead of forming a gel electrolyte layer containing solid particles on the electrode, a gel electrolyte layer containing solid particles was formed on both sides of the separator. A type battery was produced.
  • Example 6-5 First, a positive electrode and a negative electrode were produced in the same manner as in Example 6-1, and a separator was prepared.
  • the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator having the solid particle layer formed on both surfaces were laminated in the order of the positive electrode, the separator, the negative electrode, and the separator, and then wound many times in the longitudinal direction into a flat shape. Then, the winding body was formed by fixing the winding end part with an adhesive tape.
  • the wound body was sandwiched between laminate films having a soft aluminum layer, and the outer peripheral edge except for one side was heat-sealed to form a bag, which was then stored inside the laminate film.
  • a non-aqueous electrolyte was poured into the exterior member, and the wound body was impregnated with the non-aqueous electrolyte, and then the opening of the laminate film was heat-sealed in a vacuum atmosphere and sealed.
  • a laminated film type battery shown in FIG. 1 having a battery shape of 4.5 mm in thickness, 30 mm in width, and 50 mm in height was produced.
  • Example 6-6 After forming the wound body, the wound body packed in a heated oil was put into a hydrostatic pressure press. Thus, the solid particles are pushed into the depressions between adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer and the depressions between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer. . Except for the above, a laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 6-5.
  • Example 6-7 A positive electrode and a negative electrode were produced in the same manner as in Example 6-1, and a separator was prepared.
  • the coating solution was applied to both sides of the separator as described below, and then dried to form a matrix resin layer.
  • boehmite particles and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF) as a matrix polymer compound were dispersed in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) to prepare a coating solution.
  • NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
  • the content of boehmite particles is 10% by mass with respect to the total amount of paint
  • the content of PVdF is 10% by mass with respect to the total amount of paint
  • the content of NMP is with respect to the total amount of paint. 80% by mass.
  • this coating solution was applied to both sides of the separator, and then passed through a drier to remove NMP, thereby obtaining a separator on which a matrix resin layer was formed.
  • the wound electrode body was sandwiched between the exterior members, and the three sides were heat-sealed. Note that a laminate film having a soft aluminum layer was used for the exterior member.
  • Example 1-1 a laminated film type battery shown in FIG. 1 having a thickness of 4.5 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a height of 50 mm was produced.
  • Example 6-8 First, a positive electrode and a negative electrode were produced in the same manner as in Example 6-1, and a separator was prepared.
  • a positive electrode and a negative electrode having a solid particle layer formed on both surfaces, and a separator were laminated in the order of the positive electrode, the separator, the negative electrode, and the separator, and then wound many times in the longitudinal direction into a flat shape. Then, the winding body was formed by fixing the winding end part with an adhesive tape.
  • the wound body was sandwiched between laminate films having a soft aluminum layer, and the outer peripheral edge except for one side was heat-sealed to form a bag, which was then stored inside the laminate film.
  • a non-aqueous electrolyte was poured into the exterior member, and the wound body was impregnated with the non-aqueous electrolyte, and then the opening of the laminate film was heat-sealed in a vacuum atmosphere and sealed.
  • a laminated film type battery shown in FIG. 1 having a battery shape of 4.5 mm in thickness, 30 mm in width, and 50 mm in height was produced.
  • Example 6-9 A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 6-8, except that the solid particle layer was formed only on both surfaces of the positive electrode.
  • Example 6-10> A laminated film type battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 6-8, except that the solid particle layer was formed only on both sides of the negative electrode.
  • Example 6-11 First, a positive electrode and a negative electrode were produced in the same manner as in Example 6-1, and a separator was prepared. Next, in the same manner as in Example 6-8, solid particle layers were formed on both surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Next, a matrix resin layer was formed on the solid particle layers on both sides of the separator in the same manner as in Example 6-7.
  • the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator on which the matrix resin layer is formed on both sides are laminated in the order of the positive electrode, the separator, the negative electrode, and the separator, wound many times in the longitudinal direction into a flat shape, A wound electrode body was formed by fixing with an adhesive tape.
  • the wound electrode body was sandwiched between the exterior members, and the three sides were heat-sealed. Note that a laminate film having a soft aluminum layer was used for the exterior member.
  • Example 1-1 a laminated film type battery shown in FIG. 1 having a thickness of 4.5 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a height of 50 mm was produced.
  • Example 6-12 First, a positive electrode and a negative electrode were produced in the same manner as in Example 6-1, and a separator was prepared. Next, matrix resin layers were formed on both surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The matrix resin layer was the same as in Example 6-7.
  • a positive electrode with a matrix resin layer formed on both sides, a negative electrode with a matrix resin layer formed on both sides, and a separator are laminated in the order of positive electrode, separator, negative electrode, separator, and flattened many times in the longitudinal direction. Then, the wound electrode body was formed by fixing the winding end portion with an adhesive tape.
  • the wound electrode body was sandwiched between the exterior members, and the three sides were heat-sealed. Note that a laminate film having a soft aluminum layer was used for the exterior member.
  • Example 1-1 a laminated film type battery shown in FIG. 1 having a thickness of 4.5 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a height of 50 mm was produced.
  • Example 6-13> In the same manner as in Example 6-5, solid particle layers were formed on both sides of the separator.
  • a laminated electrode body was formed by laminating a positive electrode, a separator, a negative electrode, and a separator in this order.
  • the positive terminal was joined to the safety valve joined to the battery lid, and the negative terminal was connected to the negative can.
  • the laminated electrode body was sandwiched between a pair of insulating plates and housed inside the battery can.
  • Example 6-14> In the same manner as in Example 6-8, solid particle layers were formed on both surfaces of the positive electrode and both surfaces of the negative electrode.
  • a laminated electrode body was formed by laminating a positive electrode, a separator, a negative electrode, and a separator in this order.
  • the laminated electrode body was accommodated in a rectangular battery can. Subsequently, after connecting the electrode pin provided on the battery lid and the positive electrode terminal derived from the laminated electrode body, the battery can is sealed with the battery lid, and the non-aqueous electrolyte is injected from the electrolyte inlet. Sealed with a sealing member and sealed. As a result, a rectangular battery having a thickness of 4.5 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a height of 50 mm (453050 size) was produced.
  • Example 6-15 a simple battery pack (soft pack) shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 was produced using the same laminate film type battery as in Example 1-1.
  • Example 1-1 For each battery and battery pack produced, the battery performance was evaluated using the volume energy density as an index in the same manner as in Example 1-1.
  • Examples 6-1 to 6-15 an appropriate electrode design is made, and solid particles are included in the electrolyte, so that the initial volume energy density is high, and It was possible to maintain a high volumetric energy density even after repeated rapid charging.
  • the nonaqueous electrolyte battery may be a primary battery.
  • the electrolyte layer of the present technology can be similarly applied to a case of having another battery structure such as a coin type or a button type.
  • a stacked electrode body may be used instead of the wound electrode body.
  • a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material is formed on at least one surface of a positive electrode current collector;
  • a negative electrode in which a negative electrode active material layer containing a negative electrode active material is formed on at least one surface of a negative electrode current collector;
  • a separator With electrolyte, The electrolyte includes solid particles;
  • the negative electrode active material layer has a capacity area density (mAh / cm 2 ) of 2.2 mAh / cm 2 or more and 10 mAh / cm 2 or less, The void volume area density of the negative electrode active material layer (mAh / cm 2) is, 5.9mAh / cm 2 or more 67mAh / cm 2 or less is battery.
  • the electrolyte includes an electrolyte solution having an electrolyte salt and a solvent, Content of the said electrolyte salt is a battery as described in [1] which is 10 to 40 mass% with respect to the mass of the said electrolyte.
  • the solid particles are at least one of inorganic particles and organic particles.
  • the inorganic particles are silicon oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, magnesium oxide, antimony oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, strontium sulfate, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, barium carbonate, lithium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide.
  • the organic particles include melamine, melamine cyanurate, melamine polyphosphate, cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate, polyolefin, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyamide, polyimide, melamine resin, phenol resin, epoxy
  • the silicate mineral is talc, calcium silicate, zinc silicate, zirconium silicate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, kaolinite, sepiolite, imogolite, sericite, pyrophyllite, mica, zeolite, mullite, saponite. At least one selected from the group consisting of attapulgite and montmorillonite, The carbonate mineral is at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrotalcite and dolomite, The battery according to [5], wherein the oxide mineral is spinel. [7] The battery according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the particle diameter D95 of the solid particles is 2 / ⁇ 3-1 times or more than the particle diameter D50 of the active material particles.
  • a depression-impregnated region on the negative electrode side including a depression between adjacent negative electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the negative electrode active material layer, in which the electrolyte and the solid particles are disposed;
  • a deep region on the negative electrode side inside the negative electrode active material layer on the deeper side than the depression-impregnated region on the negative electrode side where the electrolyte or the electrolyte and the solid particles are arranged has a concentration difference of solid particles;
  • the battery according to any one of [1] to [10], wherein the concentration of the solid particles in the depression-impregnated region on the negative electrode side is greater than the concentration of solid particles in the deep region on the negative electrode side.
  • a depression-impregnated region on the positive electrode side including a depression between adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer, in which the electrolyte and the solid particles are disposed;
  • the electrolyte or the electrolyte and the solid particles are disposed, and the deep region on the positive electrode side inside the positive electrode active material layer on the deeper side than the depression-impregnated region on the positive electrode side has a solid particle concentration difference,
  • a depression-impregnated region on the positive electrode side including a depression between adjacent positive electrode active material particles located on the outermost surface of the positive electrode active material layer, in which the electrolyte and the solid particles are disposed;
  • the electrolyte or the electrolyte and the solid particles are disposed, and the deep region on the positive electrode side inside the positive electrode active material layer on the deeper side than the depression-impregnated region on the positive electrode side has a solid particle concentration difference,
  • the battery according to any one of [1] to [10], wherein the concentration of the solid particles in the depression-impregnated region on the positive electrode side is greater than the concentration of solid particles in the deep region on the positive electrode side.
  • a power storage device that includes the battery according to any one of [15] and supplies electric power to an electronic device connected to the battery.
  • a power information control device that transmits and receives signals to and from other devices via a network, The power storage device according to [19], wherein charge / discharge control of the battery is performed based on information received by the power information control device.
  • a power system that receives power from the battery according to any one of [15], or that supplies power to the battery from a power generation device or a power network.
  • Battery cover 113 ... electrode pin, 114 ... insulator, 115 ... through hole, 116 ... internal pressure release mechanism, 116a ... first opening groove, 116b ... second opening Groove, 117 ... electrolyte inlet, 118 ... sealing member, 120 ... wound electrode body, 101 ... battery cell, 101a ... terrace, 102a, 102b ... lead, 103a to 103c ... insulating tape, 104 ... insulating plate, 105 ..Circuit board 106 ... Connector 211 ... Power supply 212 ... Positive lead 213 ... Negative lead 214,215 ... Tab 216 ... Circuit board 217 ... Lead wire with connector, 218, 219 ...
  • adhesive tape 220 ... label, 221 ... control unit, 222 ... switch unit, 224 ... temperature detection unit, 225 ... positive electrode terminal, 227 ... Negative terminal, 231 ... Insulating sheet 301 ... Battery, 301a ... Secondary battery, 302a ... Charge control switch, 302b ... Diode, 303a ... Discharge control switch, 303b ... Diode, 304 ... Switch part, 307 ... Current detection resistor, 308 ... Temperature detection element, 310 ... Control part, 311 ... Voltage detection part, 313 ... Current Measurement unit, 314 ... switch control unit, 317 ... memory, 318 ... temperature detection unit, 321 ... positive electrode terminal, 322 ...

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Abstract

L'invention concerne une batterie qui comprend : une électrode positive dans laquelle une couche de matériau actif d'électrode positive contenant un matériau actif d'électrode positive est formée sur au moins une surface d'un collecteur d'électrode positive; une électrode négative dans laquelle une couche de matériau actif d'électrode négative contenant un matériau actif d'électrode négative est formée sur au moins une surface d'un collecteur d'électrode négative; un séparateur; et un électrolyte contenant des particules solides. La densité de zone de capacité (mAh/cm2) de la couche de matériau actif d'électrode négative varie entre 2,2 mAh/cm2 et 10 mAh/cm2 (inclus) et la densité de zone de capacité (mAh/cm2) des vides de la couche de matériau actif d'électrode négative varie entre 5,9 mAh/cm2 et 67 mAh/cm2 (inclus).
PCT/JP2015/001285 2014-05-02 2015-03-10 Batterie, bloc de batteries, dispositif électronique, véhicule électrique, dispositif de stockage d'électricité et système à énergie électrique WO2015166621A1 (fr)

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