WO2015163228A1 - ハイブリッド車両 - Google Patents

ハイブリッド車両 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2015163228A1
WO2015163228A1 PCT/JP2015/061705 JP2015061705W WO2015163228A1 WO 2015163228 A1 WO2015163228 A1 WO 2015163228A1 JP 2015061705 W JP2015061705 W JP 2015061705W WO 2015163228 A1 WO2015163228 A1 WO 2015163228A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pressure
low
supercharger
hybrid vehicle
pressure stage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/061705
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
将司 早崎
Original Assignee
いすゞ自動車株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by いすゞ自動車株式会社 filed Critical いすゞ自動車株式会社
Publication of WO2015163228A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015163228A1/ja

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B60K11/04—Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/20—Cooling circuits not specific to a single part of engine or machine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hybrid vehicle, and more particularly, to a hybrid vehicle equipped with a two-stage supercharging system capable of improving exhaust gas and improving fuel efficiency as compared with the conventional vehicle.
  • a multistage supercharging system in which a plurality of superchargers are connected to the engine has been adopted.
  • Patent Document 1 a large-capacity low-pressure stage supercharger and a small-capacity high-pressure stage supercharger are connected in series.
  • the high-pressure supercharger starts up quickly in the low-speed and low-load operation state of the engine, while the low-pressure supercharger in the high-speed and high-load operation state generates a large flow rate. I am trying to pay.
  • the two superchargers are operated with optimum efficiency in each operating state of the engine, thereby improving the exhaust gas and improving the fuel consumption.
  • the NOx in the exhaust gas is further reduced by combining the EGR system with the two-stage supercharging system.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid vehicle equipped with a two-stage supercharging system, which can improve exhaust gas and improve fuel efficiency as compared with the conventional vehicle.
  • the hybrid vehicle of the present invention that achieves the above object can replace at least a part of the driving force generated by the engine with the driving force of a motor generator driven by electric power supplied from a battery through an inverter,
  • a hybrid system having a water cooling circuit for cooling the inverter and the motor generator, a two-stage supercharging system comprising a low-pressure supercharger and a high-pressure supercharger connected to the engine, and the two superchargers
  • the cooler is incorporated in the water-cooling circuit.
  • the intermediate cooling of the intake air in the two-stage supercharging system is performed using the cooling water of the motor generator and the inverter in the hybrid system having a temperature lower than that of the engine cooling water. Further, since the temperature of the compressed air is further lowered and the amount of supercharging to the engine is increased, the exhaust gas can be improved and the fuel consumption can be improved as compared with the conventional case.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • This hybrid vehicle (hereinafter referred to as “HEV”) is a truck that is a large vehicle, and is a diesel engine that is connected to an output shaft 2 that transmits a driving force to a pair of left and right drive wheels 1 and 1 via a transmission 3. 4 and a motor generator 5 and a hybrid system 8 having a battery 7 electrically connected to the motor generator 5 through an inverter 6.
  • the battery 7 is preferably a high voltage battery such as a lithium ion battery.
  • a wet multi-plate clutch 9 and a fluid coupling 10 are interposed between the transmission 3 and the diesel engine 4 in this order.
  • the transmission 3 is preferably a belt type continuously variable transmission (CVT) in which the crankshaft 11 of the diesel engine 4 and the rotating shaft 12 of the motor generator 5 are connected by an endless belt or chain.
  • CVT continuously variable transmission
  • the hybrid system 8 is not limited to the above configuration, and may be any hybrid system configuration such as a series method, a parallel method, and a series / parallel method.
  • the inverter 6 and the battery 7 are accommodated in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped unit box 13 disposed at the lower part of the HEV vehicle body.
  • a radiator 14 is installed in the unit box 13 so as to face the front of the vehicle. From the radiator 14, the cooling water 16 sent out by the pump 15 is circulated through the inverter 6 and the motor generator 5 in order.
  • a circuit 17 extends. The temperature of the cooling water 16 is maintained at about 50 ° C. or lower in order to prevent deterioration due to heat generation of the motor generator 5 and the inverter 6.
  • the hybrid system 8 assists the driving force of the diesel engine 4 with the driving force of the motor generator 5 in accordance with the load applied to the output shaft 2 during HEV traveling, while surplus energy and braking during normal HEV traveling.
  • the regenerative energy at the time is collected as electric power by the motor generator 5 and the battery 7 is charged through the inverter 6.
  • the HEV is a two-stage supercharging system 20 including a low-pressure stage supercharger (low-pressure stage turbocharger) 18 connected in series to the diesel engine 4 and a high-pressure stage supercharger (high-pressure stage turbocharger) 19. It has.
  • a water-cooled inter-turbo cooler 24 is installed in the intake passage 23 between the low-pressure stage compressor 21 of the low-pressure stage turbocharger 18 and the high-pressure stage compressor 22 of the high-pressure stage turbocharger 19.
  • the two-stage supercharging system 20 includes an intake bypass valve 26 in an intake bypass passage 25 that bypasses the high-pressure compressor 22 of the high-pressure turbocharger 19 and an exhaust bypass valve 29 in an exhaust bypass passage 28 that bypasses the high-pressure turbine 27.
  • the air A sucked into the intake passage 23 of the diesel engine 4 passes through the air cleaner 31 as the intake air 30 and is then compressed by the low-pressure compressor 21, intermediate-cooled by the inter-turbo cooler 24, and then by the high-pressure compressor 22. Compressed to the target boost pressure.
  • the compressed intake air 30 is cooled by an air-cooled intercooler 32, the intake air amount is adjusted by an intake throttle 33, and then supplied to an engine body 35 via an intake manifold 34.
  • the intake air 30 supplied to the engine body 35 is mixed and burned with the injected fuel in the cylinder 36 to generate thermal energy, and then becomes combustion gas 37 and is exhausted from the exhaust manifold 38 to the exhaust passage 39.
  • a part of the combustion gas 37 is divided into high pressure EGR gas 41 into the high pressure EGR passage 40 that leads from the upstream of the high pressure turbine 27 to the downstream of the high pressure compressor 22.
  • the flow rate is adjusted by the high pressure EGR valve 43 and then circulated to the intake passage 29.
  • the combustion gas 37 that has not been diverted to the high-pressure EGR passage 40 is rotated in order by the high-pressure turbine 27 and the low-pressure turbine 44, and then is exhausted by an exhaust gas purification device 45 (for example, a DOC or PM collection filter). After being purified and the exhaust amount adjusted by the exhaust throttle 46, the exhaust gas G is discharged into the atmosphere.
  • a part of the combustion gas 37 is divided into a low pressure EGR gas 48 into a low pressure EGR passage 47 that extends from the downstream of the exhaust gas purification device 45 to the upstream of the low pressure compressor 21.
  • the low-pressure EGR gas 48 is cooled by the low-pressure EGR cooler 49 and then circulated into the intake passage 23 after the flow rate is adjusted by the low-pressure EGR valve 50.
  • a turbo cooler 24 is incorporated in the water cooling circuit 17 of the hybrid system 8. With this configuration, the intake air 30 passing through the inter-turbo cooler 24 is intercooled by the cooling water 16 flowing through the water cooling circuit 17.
  • the inter-turbo cooler 24 is incorporated between the inverter 6 and the motor generator 5 in the water cooling circuit 17.
  • the arrangement is not particularly limited to this arrangement. Alternatively, the motor generator 5 and the radiator 14 may be incorporated.
  • the low temperature (for example, 50 ° C. or less) cooling water 16 in the hybrid system 8 is used, and thus in the two-stage supercharging system 20. Since the intermediate cooling of the intake air 30 is performed, the temperature of the intake air 30 is further reduced and the amount of supercharging to the diesel engine 4 is increased. Therefore, the exhaust gas G is improved and the fuel efficiency is improved as compared with the conventional case. It can be done.
  • the durability of the high-pressure turbocharger 19 can be improved.
  • another supercharger is connected in series to the low-pressure stage turbocharger 18 and the high-pressure stage turbocharger 19 to constitute a multistage supercharging system having three or more stages. May be.
  • the hybrid vehicle of the present invention can be applied not only to large vehicles such as trucks and buses, but also to construction machines such as excavators and crane vehicles, and small vehicles such as passenger cars.

Abstract

ＨＥＶのハイブリッドシステム（８）における電動発電機（５）及びインバータ（６）を冷却する水冷回路（１７）に、順に直列に接続された低圧段ターボチャージャー（１８）及び高圧段ターボチャージャー（１９）からなる二段式過給システム（２０）における低圧段コンプレッサー（２１）と高圧段コンプレッサー（２２）との間の吸気通路（２３）に設置されたターボ間クーラー（２４）を組み入れて、水冷回路（１７）を流れる冷却水（１６）により吸入空気（３０）の中間冷却を行う。

Description

ハイブリッド車両
　本発明はハイブリッド車両に関し、更に詳しくは、従来よりも排ガスを良化し、かつ燃費を向上することができる、二段式過給システムが装備されたハイブリッド車両に関する。
　近年、エンジンの排ガスに含まれるＮＯｘやＰＭを低減し、かつ燃費を向上することを目的として、エンジンに複数の過給器を接続する多段過給システムが採用されている。例えば、日本出願の特開２０１２－９７６０６号公報（特許文献１）に記載されているように、大容量の低圧段過給器と小容量の高圧段過給器とを直列に連結して構成される二段式過給システムでは、エンジンの低速低負荷運転状態では高圧段過給器で立ち上がりの早い過給を行う一方で、高速高負荷運転状態では低圧段過給器で大流量の過給を行うようにしている。
　このように、二段式過給システムでは、エンジンの各運転状態において２台の過給器をそれぞれ最適な効率で運用することで、排ガスを良化し、かつ燃費を向上させている。なお、二段式過給システムにＥＧＲシステムを組み合わせることで、排ガス中のＮＯｘの更なる低減を図るケースもある。
　この二段式過給システムにおいては、エンジンへの過給量を増加させるためには、低圧段過給器で圧縮されて高温になった吸入空気を中間冷却してから、高圧段過給器に供給することが望ましい。そのため、エンジン冷却水を冷却源とするクーラーを、２台の過給器のコンプレッサー間に設置しているが、一般にエンジン冷却水は高温（例えば、約８０℃）であるため、吸入空気の中間冷却には限界があるという問題がある。この問題点は、二段式過給システムを、ハイブリッド車両に適用する際にも同様に発生する。
日本出願の特開２０１２－９７６０６号公報
　本発明の目的は、二段式過給システムが装備されたハイブリッド車両であって、従来よりも排ガスを良化し、かつ燃費を向上することができるハイブリッド車両を提供することにある。
　上記の目的を達成する本発明のハイブリッド車両は、エンジンが発生する駆動力の少なくとも一部を、バッテリーからインバータを通じて供給される電力で駆動する電動発電機の駆動力で代替可能であって、前記インバータ及び電動発電機を冷却する水冷回路を有するハイブリッドシステムと、前記エンジンに接続する低圧段過給器及び高圧段過給器からなる二段式過給システムと、前記２台の過給器のコンプレッサー間に設置され、前記低圧段過給器を通過後の吸引空気を冷却するクーラーとを備えたハイブリッド車両において、前記水冷回路に前記クーラーを組み入れたことを特徴とするものである。
　本発明のハイブリッド車両によれば、二段式過給システムにおける吸入空気の中間冷却を、エンジン冷却水よりも低温であるハイブリッドシステムにおける電動発電機及びインバータの冷却水を用いて行うようにしたので、圧縮空気の温度がより低下してエンジンへの過給量が増加するため、従来よりも排ガスを良化し、かつ及び燃費を向上することができる。
図１は、本発明の実施形態からなるハイブリッド車両の構成図である。
　以下に、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照して説明する。図１は、本発明の実施形態からなるハイブリッド車両を示す。
　このハイブリッド車両（以下「ＨＥＶ」という。）は、大型車両であるトラックであり、左右一対の駆動輪１、１に駆動力を伝達する出力軸２に、変速機３を介して連結するディーゼルエンジン４及び電動発電機５と、その電動発電機５にインバータ６を通じて電気的に接続するバッテリー７とを有するハイブリッドシステム８を備えている。このバッテリー７には、リチウムイオンバッテリーなどの高電圧バッテリーが好ましく用いられる。また、変速機３とディーゼルエンジン４との間には、湿式多板クラッチ９及び流体継手１０が順に介設されている。
　なお、変速機３としては、ディーゼルエンジン４のクランク軸１１と電動発電機５の回転軸１２とを、無端状のベルト又はチェーンで接続するベルト式の無段変速機（ＣＶＴ）が好ましく例示される。
　なお、ハイブリッドシステム８は、上記の構成に限定されるものではなく、例えばシリーズ方式、パラレル方式及びシリーズ・パラレル方式などのいずれのハイブリッドシステムの構成であってもよい。
　インバータ６及びバッテリー７は、ＨＥＶの車体下部に配置された略直方体状のユニットボックス１３内に収納されている。ユニットボックス１３内には、車両前方に対向するようにラジエータ１４が設置されており、そのラジエータ１４からは、ポンプ１５により送出された冷却水１６がインバータ６及び電動発電機５を順に循環する水冷回路１７が延びている。この冷却水１６の温度は、電動発電機５及びインバータ６の発熱による劣化を防止するために、約５０℃以下に維持されるようになっている。
　ハイブリッドシステム８は、ＨＥＶの走行時に出力軸２に加わる負荷等に応じて、ディーゼルエンジン４の駆動力を電動発電機５の駆動力によりアシストする一方で、ＨＥＶの通常走行時における余剰エネルギーや制動時における回生エネルギーを、電動発電機５により電力として回収してインバータ６を通じてバッテリー７に充電する制御を行う。
　また、ＨＥＶは、ディーゼルエンジン４に直列に接続された低圧段過給器（低圧段ターボチャージャー）１８と、高圧段過給器（高圧段ターボチャージャー）１９とからなる二段式過給システム２０を備えている。低圧段ターボチャージャー１８の低圧段コンプレッサー２１と、高圧段ターボチャージャー１９の高圧段コンプレッサー２２との間の吸気通路２３には、水冷式のターボ間クーラー２４が設置されている。
　この二段式過給システム２０は、高圧段ターボチャージャー１９の高圧段コンプレッサー２２をバイパスする吸気バイパス通路２５の吸気バイパス弁２６、及び高圧段タービン２７をバイパスする排気バイパス通路２８の排気バイパス弁２９の開度を、ディーゼルエンジン４の運転状態に応じてそれぞれ制御することで、２台のターボチャージャー１８、１９を最適な効率で運用する。
　ディーゼルエンジン４の吸気通路２３へ吸入された空気Ａは、吸入空気３０としてエアクリーナー３１を通過してから低圧段コンプレッサー２１により圧縮され、ターボ間クーラー２４で中間冷却された後に高圧段コンプレッサー２２で目標過給圧まで圧縮される。そして、圧縮された吸入空気３０は、空冷式のインタークーラー３２で冷却された後に、吸気スロットル３３で吸気量を調整されてから、インテークマニホールド３４を経てエンジン本体３５に供給される。
　エンジン本体３５に供給された吸入空気３０は、気筒３６内で噴射燃料と混合・燃焼して熱エネルギーを発生させた後に、燃焼ガス３７となってエキゾーストマニホールド３８から排気通路３９へ排気される。しかし、上記の燃焼ガス３７の一部は、高圧段タービン２７の上流から高圧段コンプレッサー２２の下流へ通じる高圧ＥＧＲ通路４０に高圧ＥＧＲガス４１となって分流する。高圧ＥＧＲガス４１は、高圧ＥＧＲクーラー４２により冷却された後に、高圧ＥＧＲバルブ４３により流量を調整されてから吸気通路２９へ循環する。
　一方で、高圧ＥＧＲ通路４０に分流しなかった燃焼ガス３７は、高圧段タービン２７及び低圧段タービン４４を順に回転駆動させた後に、排ガス浄化装置４５（例えば、ＤＯＣやＰＭ捕集フィルターなど）で浄化され、排気スロットル４６で排気量を調整されてから排ガスＧとなって大気中へ放出される。しかし、上記の燃焼ガス３７の一部は、排ガス浄化装置４５の下流から低圧段コンプレッサー２１の上流へ通じる低圧ＥＧＲ通路４７に低圧ＥＧＲガス４８となって分流する。低圧ＥＧＲガス４８は、低圧ＥＧＲクーラー４９により冷却された後に、低圧ＥＧＲバルブ５０により流量を調整されてから吸気通路２３へ循環する。
　このようなＨＥＶにおいて、ハイブリッドシステム８の水冷回路１７にはターボ間クーラー２４が組み込まれている。この構成により、ターボ間クーラー２４を通過する吸入空気３０は、水冷回路１７を流れる冷却水１６により中間冷却される。なお、図１の構成では、水冷回路１７において、ターボ間クーラー２４をインバータ６と電動発電機５との間に組み入れているが、特にこの配置に限定するものではなく、例えばターボ間クーラー２４を、電動発電機５とラジエータ１４との間に組み入れるようにしても良い。
　このように、従来の高温（例えば、約８０℃）のエンジン冷却水の代わりに、ハイブリッドシステム８における低温（例えば、５０℃以下）の冷却水１６を用いて、二段式過給システム２０における吸入空気３０の中間冷却を行うようにしたので、吸入空気３０の温度がより低下してディーゼルエンジン４への過給量が増加するため、従来よりも排ガスＧを良化し、かつ燃費を向上することができるのである。
　また、高圧段コンプレッサー２２に流入する吸入空気３０の温度が低下するので、高圧段ターボチャージャー１９の耐久性を向上することもできる。
　なお、上記の実施形態においては、低圧段ターボチャージャー１８及び高圧段ターボチャージャー１９に対して、更に別の過給器を直列に接続して、三段以上の多段過給システムを構成するようにしても良い。
　本発明のハイブリッド車両は、トラックやバスなどの大型車両の他に、ショベルカーやクレーン車などの建設機械や、乗用車などの小型車両にも適用することができる。
４　ディーゼルエンジン
５　電動発電機
６　インバータ
７　バッテリー
８　ハイブリッドシステム
１６　冷却水
１７　水冷回路
１８　低圧段ターボチャージャー
１９　高圧段ターボチャージャー
２０　二段式過給システム
２１　低圧段コンプレッサー
２２　高圧段コンプレッサー
２４　ターボ間クーラー
３０　吸入空気
４０　高圧ＥＧＲ通路
４５　排ガス浄化装置
４７　低圧ＥＧＲ通路

Claims (2)

  1. 　エンジンが発生する駆動力の少なくとも一部を、バッテリーからインバータを通じて供給される電力で駆動する電動発電機の駆動力で代替可能であって、前記インバータ及び電動発電機を冷却する水冷回路を有するハイブリッドシステムと、前記エンジンに接続する低圧段過給器及び高圧段過給器からなる二段式過給システムと、前記２台の過給器のコンプレッサー間に設置され、前記低圧段過給器を通過後の吸引空気を冷却するクーラーとを備えたハイブリッド車両において、
    　前記水冷回路に前記クーラーを組み入れたことを特徴とするハイブリッド車両。
  2. 　前記低圧段過給器のタービンの下流に排ガス浄化装置を接続するとともに、前記排ガス浄化装置の下流から該低圧段過給器のコンプレッサーの上流へ接続する低圧ＥＧＲ通路と、前記高圧段過給器のタービンの上流から該高圧段過給器のコンプレッサーの下流へ接続する高圧ＥＧＲ通路とを設けた請求項１に記載のハイブリッド車両。
PCT/JP2015/061705 2014-04-25 2015-04-16 ハイブリッド車両 WO2015163228A1 (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014-090949 2014-04-25
JP2014090949A JP2015209060A (ja) 2014-04-25 2014-04-25 ハイブリッド車両

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015163228A1 true WO2015163228A1 (ja) 2015-10-29

Family

ID=54332395

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2015/061705 WO2015163228A1 (ja) 2014-04-25 2015-04-16 ハイブリッド車両

Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2015209060A (ja)
WO (1) WO2015163228A1 (ja)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111188704A (zh) * 2020-01-06 2020-05-22 天津大学 可实现高热效率低排放的汽油均质压燃发动机系统及方法
CN111997751A (zh) * 2020-08-19 2020-11-27 哈尔滨工程大学 一种利用船舶柴油机旁通废气的发电机冷却系统
CN112918460A (zh) * 2019-12-05 2021-06-08 现代自动车株式会社 混合动力车辆

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6114446B1 (ja) * 2016-07-14 2017-04-12 矢野　隆志 低圧段駆動階層型電動ターボチャージャ装置および該低圧段駆動階層型電動ターボチャージャ装置を装着した動力システム

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000130204A (ja) * 1998-10-28 2000-05-09 Nissan Motor Co Ltd ハイブリッド車両の制御装置
JP2002285879A (ja) * 2001-03-26 2002-10-03 Isuzu Motors Ltd 過給機付きエンジンの排ガス還流装置
JP2013086756A (ja) * 2011-10-21 2013-05-13 Daimler Ag ハイブリッド車両の冷却システム
JP2013244919A (ja) * 2012-05-29 2013-12-09 Honda Motor Co Ltd ハイブリッド車両の制御装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000130204A (ja) * 1998-10-28 2000-05-09 Nissan Motor Co Ltd ハイブリッド車両の制御装置
JP2002285879A (ja) * 2001-03-26 2002-10-03 Isuzu Motors Ltd 過給機付きエンジンの排ガス還流装置
JP2013086756A (ja) * 2011-10-21 2013-05-13 Daimler Ag ハイブリッド車両の冷却システム
JP2013244919A (ja) * 2012-05-29 2013-12-09 Honda Motor Co Ltd ハイブリッド車両の制御装置

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112918460A (zh) * 2019-12-05 2021-06-08 现代自动车株式会社 混合动力车辆
CN112918460B (zh) * 2019-12-05 2024-05-07 现代自动车株式会社 混合动力车辆
CN111188704A (zh) * 2020-01-06 2020-05-22 天津大学 可实现高热效率低排放的汽油均质压燃发动机系统及方法
CN111997751A (zh) * 2020-08-19 2020-11-27 哈尔滨工程大学 一种利用船舶柴油机旁通废气的发电机冷却系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2015209060A (ja) 2015-11-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101790625B (zh) 新改进的增压系统和具有该系统的内燃机
US10513972B2 (en) Supercharger device for an internal combustion engine, and a method for operating said supercharger device
CN106795805B (zh) 用于内燃发动机的增压设备和用于增压设备的操作方法
CN106958489B (zh) 发动机系统
WO2015064302A1 (ja) エンジン冷却システム
US9441532B2 (en) Engine assembly with turbine generator control
US20150000269A1 (en) Turbo-compound apparatus having variable geometry turbocharger turbine and engine system having the same
JP2009079487A (ja) エンジンの過給装置
JP2009041386A (ja) エンジンの過給装置
WO2015163228A1 (ja) ハイブリッド車両
US11007998B1 (en) Hybrid vehicle
JP2013181393A (ja) エンジンの過給システム
KR20200070515A (ko) 엔진 시스템 및 이의 제어 방법
JP2013181392A (ja) エンジンの過給システム
JP2019152149A (ja) 車両の排ガス処理装置
JP2013234663A (ja) ディーゼルエンジン、およびそのディーゼルエンジンの出力向上方法
JP2013086756A (ja) ハイブリッド車両の冷却システム
JP6307616B2 (ja) 内燃機関システム
JP2011007051A (ja) ディーゼルエンジン
CN103912349A (zh) 发动机动力涡轮能量回收装置
US11572673B2 (en) Work vehicle power system with decoupled engine air system components
WO2015163227A1 (ja) ハイブリッドシステム、ハイブリッドシステム車両、及び、ハイブリッドシステムのｅｇｒ方法
JP5461226B2 (ja) 二段過給システム
CN113202620A (zh) 一种具有多级能量利用的涡轮复合系统及控制方法
US9065013B2 (en) System and method for energy recovery

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 15783768

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 15783768

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1