WO2015161722A1 - 组合电动工具及其控制方法 - Google Patents

组合电动工具及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015161722A1
WO2015161722A1 PCT/CN2015/074014 CN2015074014W WO2015161722A1 WO 2015161722 A1 WO2015161722 A1 WO 2015161722A1 CN 2015074014 W CN2015074014 W CN 2015074014W WO 2015161722 A1 WO2015161722 A1 WO 2015161722A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power tool
motor
main body
working
identification module
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/074014
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孔钊
Original Assignee
天佑电器（苏州）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 天佑电器（苏州）有限公司 filed Critical 天佑电器（苏州）有限公司
Priority to US15/305,396 priority Critical patent/US11059158B2/en
Priority to EP15783647.9A priority patent/EP3135436B1/en
Publication of WO2015161722A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015161722A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F3/00—Associations of tools for different working operations with one portable power-drive means; Adapters therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/0833—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements
    • H02H7/0844—Fail safe control, e.g. by comparing control signal and controlled current, isolating motor on commutation error
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
    • H02H7/0854—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load responsive to rate of change of current, couple or speed, e.g. anti-kickback protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
    • H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
    • H02H7/0856—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load characterised by the protection measure taken
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33—Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combined power tool and a control method therefor.
  • the combination power tool is a power tool assembly of a replaceable working part, which generally comprises a main body and a plurality of working parts, and the main body and the working part can be separated or matched, and the battery pack, the motor and the handle can be arranged on the main body, and the working part It can be a blade, a grass head or a saw blade.
  • the user can choose different working parts to connect with the main body according to different work requirements, so that there is no need to equip each work with a traditional power tool.
  • the prior art also discloses a variety of modular power tools, such as U.S. Patent No. 6,181,032, which discloses a replaceable work portion that can be coupled to a different work portion by a particular configuration. However, because different working parts have different requirements for operating current and motor, replacing only the working part may result in the working part not working efficiently and safely.
  • the patent of Chinese Patent Application No. 200880104102.0 discloses a power tool system including a communication system capable of exchanging information such as the type and state of a battery box tool connected to each other, but such a system is complicated and has a high manufacturing cost. Not conducive to market promotion.
  • the present invention provides a combined power tool, comprising at least one main body, at least one working part, the main body and the working part can be separated or mated, and the main body and the working part are arranged in the main body.
  • a detachable and mating transmission device and a control circuit is disposed in the main body, the control circuit includes a signal identification module, the signal recognition module includes a microcontroller, and an identification module is disposed in the working portion, and the signal recognition module
  • the electrical connection or wireless communication with the identification module enables the microcontroller to identify the work unit.
  • the identification module includes an identification resistor, and resistance values of the identification resistors in each working portion are not completely the same.
  • the identity module includes multiple interfaces, at least one of which is a public interface.
  • the common interface is electrically connected to the control circuit.
  • control circuit includes a sampling resistor that is electrically connectable to the microcontroller and the common interface, respectively.
  • the identification module includes a sensor that can collect an operating state parameter of the working part.
  • the signal identification module further comprises a wireless signal receiver, and the identification module comprises a wireless signal transmitter.
  • control circuit comprises a monitoring control module, and the monitoring control module is electrically connected to the motor and the micro controller.
  • control circuit further includes a voltage monitoring module electrically connected to the battery pack and the micro controller disposed on the main body for monitoring the voltage of the battery pack.
  • the main body is provided with a first connecting portion
  • the working portion is provided with a second connecting portion.
  • the marking module is electrically connected to the control circuit.
  • the invention also provides a control method for a combined power tool, the control method comprising the following steps: 1 mating the main body with the working part; 2 the microcontroller determines which working part is connected, and calls a corresponding preset program; 3 The microcontroller samples the working parameter value of the motor; 4 compares the sampled motor operating parameter value with the corresponding preset value to determine whether the motor is in an abnormal working state; 5 if the step 4 is YES, the motor is turned off, if it is judged If no, go back to step 4.
  • the motor operating parameter value in the step 4 is a current
  • the method for determining whether the motor is in an abnormal working state is: if the sampled motor current value is greater than the preset value, the overcurrent counter is incremented by 1, if the motor If the current value is not greater than the preset value, the flow counter is incremented by one, but the flow counter is full of the preset number of times, but the flow and overcurrent counters are simultaneously cleared, and it is determined whether the number of times the overcurrent counter is accumulated exceeds the preset number of overcurrents. .
  • the preset program is a driver and a protection program of the motor.
  • the combined electric power tool of the present invention can recognize different working parts, thereby adopting different control methods for different working parts, so that the electric tools can be operated safely and efficiently, and the motors in the common main bodies of different working parts are simultaneously , reducing hardware costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a combined power tool in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is another schematic view of the combination power tool of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a control circuit of a combination electric power tool according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a combination power tool according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a combination power tool in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a combination power tool in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method of controlling a combined power tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 and 2 are an embodiment combination electric power tool including a main body 6 and a working portion 8 on which a first connecting portion 64, a handle 63, a switch 62, and a battery pack 61 are disposed.
  • the battery pack 61 provides working power to the power tool, and the operator can hold the power tool through the handle 63 and then operate the switch 62 to activate the power tool.
  • a control circuit 5 is also provided in the main body 6 for controlling the operation of the power tool.
  • the working part 8 includes a housing 83, a second connecting portion 84 and a working head 85.
  • the working head 85 is used for work.
  • the brush cutter is shown in FIG. 1 and the working head is a rotating blade.
  • the work head is a blade; if the power tool is a reciprocating saw, the work head is a saw blade, and different power tools are equipped with different work heads to suit different work needs.
  • a motor 82 and an identification resistor 81 are disposed in the main body, and the first connecting portion 64 and the second connecting portion 84 are respectively disposed with electrically connectable connectors, so that the first connecting portion 64 and the second connecting portion are connected.
  • the portion 84 is mated, the control circuit in the main body 6 can be electrically connected to the identification resistor.
  • the connector may be in the form of a male plug and a female plug in the prior art, or a way of connecting the contacts. There are various implementations in the prior art.
  • the resistance values of the identification resistors 81 in each working portion 8 are set to be not identical, for example, the reciprocating saw working portion can be set to 10 The kilometer ohm, the pruning shear working part can be set to 5 kilo ohms.
  • the control circuit can recognize different working parts, so that different circuit control modes are called according to the working requirements of different working parts.
  • the control circuit 5 includes a microcontroller 51, an identification module 52, a monitoring control module 53, a voltage monitoring module 54, a power conversion module 55, and a temperature acquisition module 56.
  • a program can be set in the microcontroller 51 for controlling the operation of the entire circuit.
  • the identification module 52 is electrically connected to the identification resistor 81.
  • the identification module 52 is electrically connected to the identification resistor 81, and the identification module 52 outputs a voltage signal to the microcontroller.
  • the microcontroller can identify the working part according to the voltage signal and the preset value preset in the microcontroller. According to the identified working part, the microcontroller can call the corresponding control program to change the work of other circuit modules.
  • the control circuit output is controlled to be suitable for cutting.
  • the working current of the machine calls the circuit protection parameters suitable for the brush cutter to make the work part operate more efficiently and safely.
  • the monitoring control module 53 is configured to detect the current flowing through the motor 82, and transmit the sampled current signal to the microcontroller for determining. If the motor current is higher than the preset value, the monitoring control module 53 cuts off the motor current to prevent the motor from being burned, so that the power tool Can be used safely.
  • the voltage monitoring module 54 is configured to detect a battery pack voltage, output a battery pack voltage signal to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller compares the battery pack voltage signal with a preset value to determine whether the battery pack voltage is lower than a preset value, if the battery pack voltage Below the preset value, the microcontroller controls the monitoring control module 53 to cut off the motor current.
  • the power conversion module 55 is used to power the microcontroller.
  • the temperature collecting module 56 is configured to collect the temperature of the battery pack. When the battery temperature is higher than the preset value, the monitoring control module 53 turns off the motor current.
  • the microcontroller can determine different working parts by receiving different voltage signals.
  • the motor 82 is disposed on the main body 6, so that the plurality of working portions 8 can share one motor, and the motor can adopt a brushless motor, which has a wide range of speeds, can be well controlled by the program, and is controlled at different speeds. It has high efficiency and can adapt to the performance requirements of different work departments.
  • the power provided by the motor is transmitted through the transmission to the working head on the working part (such as the cutting blade of the lawn mower).
  • the transmission device can adopt a clutch, for example, a clutch is disposed on the main body, and a passive disk is disposed on the working portion.
  • the motor drives the clutch to rotate, and the centrifugal block of the clutch and the passive disk are combined by friction, thereby driving the passive
  • the disk rotates to cause the working head on the working portion to rotate. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that replacement with other transmissions can also achieve transmission.
  • the power supply is provided to avoid the need to install motors in different work sections, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the combined power tools.
  • the manner of identification between the main body and the work portion can also adopt the manner in the following embodiments.
  • the control circuit 5' on the main body 6' is provided with a microcontroller 51' and a sampling resistor 59'. One end of the sampling resistor is grounded, and the other end is micro-controlled. Electrical connection.
  • the interface p is a common end, that is, after the main body is coupled with the working part, the interface p is electrically connected to the sampling resistor 8' and the microcontroller 51', and the sampling resistor can cause the microcontroller to detect the feedback pulse signal.
  • One of the interfaces q, n, and o on different working parts is electrically connected to the interface p.
  • three different working parts can be connected to the main body 6'.
  • the interface q of the first working part is electrically connected to the interface p, and the interface m and the interface o are not electrically connected to the interface p.
  • the interface n of the second working part is electrically connected to the interface p, and the interface q and the interface o are not electrically connected to the interface p.
  • the interface o of the third working part is electrically connected to the interface p, and the other two interfaces are not electrically connected to the interface p.
  • the pulse signal of the interface q can receive the feedback, and the single chip can determine the electrical connection between the interface q and the interface p according to the preset judgment program according to the feedback signal, thereby determining that the working part matched on the main body is the first working part.
  • different numbers of interfaces can be set. For example, if there are 5 work units, 6 interfaces can be set, one of which is a common interface.
  • the control circuit 5" includes a microcontroller 5".
  • the working portion 8" is provided with a sensor 88" and a power source 87", and the power source supplies power to the sensor 88".
  • the microcontroller 5" is electrically connected to the sensor 88", and the motor can be powered on.
  • the sensor 88" can collect working state parameters such as the rotational speed, current and power of the working part, and then feed these parameters back to the microcontroller 5", and the microcontroller 5" can determine which working head is running according to the received parameter signal. Therefore, the working head is further controlled.
  • the main body of the electric tool can not only determine the working part, but also obtain the working state parameter of the working part, so that the working part can be better controlled.
  • the main body and the working part are identified by means of providing a wireless communication device, that is, the main body portion and the working portion need not be directly connected, and the main body portion can recognize the working portion.
  • a wireless signal receiver 91 is disposed on the main body portion, and a wireless signal transmitter 92 is disposed on the working portion.
  • the work department is called to call the control program and driver of the corresponding work department.
  • the device can be at least one of a magnetic sensing device (eg, a Hall sensor), a radio frequency transceiver, an infrared transceiver, an optical communication device, a proximity switch, and the like.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a control method of the combined power tool according to the embodiment.
  • the microcontroller determines which working part is accessed, specifically The method of judging has been described above.
  • the motor current value is sampled by the monitoring control module 53 (shown in Figure 3) in step b.
  • the microcontroller compares the motor current value sampled in step b with a preset value of the corresponding working portion. For example, if the microcontroller determines that the brush cutter is connected in step a, then step c will The sampled motor current value is compared with the preset value of the brush cutter.
  • the preset values of different types of power tools may be different.
  • TH1 and UTH1 are an overcurrent counter and an overcurrent counter respectively. If the motor current value is greater than a preset value, the overcurrent counter is incremented by one. If the motor current value does not exceed a preset value, the flow counter is incremented by one. However, when the flow counter is full M times, TH1 and UTH1 are cleared, and the value of M can be determined according to design requirements. The counter is added to determine whether the motor continues to over-current in step d, and if the current continues to flow, the motor is turned off to prevent a safety hazard.
  • step d if the value of TH1 is greater than X, the motor is turned off, and if the value of TH1 is not greater than X, the process returns to step c.
  • the value of X can be set according to the design requirements. For example, if X is 100, it means that the motor is turned off after detecting the motor over-current for more than 100 times. The way to increase the counter is to prevent the motor current from fluctuating more than the preset value, which will cause the motor to shut down and affect the normal operation of the power tool.
  • the above control method enables the different working parts to be connected to the main body, and the microcontroller can call the circuit parameters and current protection points suitable for the working part of the type to ensure that the corresponding working part motor works in a normal state, so that the working part is safer and more secure. Efficient work.
  • the microcontroller can call the circuit parameters and current protection points suitable for the working part of the type to ensure that the corresponding working part motor works in a normal state, so that the working part is safer and more secure. Efficient work.
  • the combined power tool of the present invention provides a control circuit and a microcontroller on the main body, and the microcontroller passes the received identification signal of the working part, such as the voltage signal, the pulse signal, the operating state parameter signal, and the wireless signal in the embodiment.
  • the microcontroller passes the received identification signal of the working part, such as the voltage signal, the pulse signal, the operating state parameter signal, and the wireless signal in the embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
  • Harvester Elements (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种组合电动工具，包括至少一个主体（6），至少一个工作部（8），两者之间设有可分离和配接的传动装置，主体（6）内设有电机（82）和控制电路（5），控制电路（5）包括信号识别模块，工作部（8）内设有标识模块，信号识别模块与标识模块通过电性连接或无线通讯。该组合电动工具能够识别工作部（8），运行安全高效，同时电机通用，硬件成本低。还公开了一种该组合电动工具的控制方法。

Description

组合电动工具及其控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种组合电动工具及其控制方法。
背景技术
组合电动工具是一种可更换工作部的电动工具组件，通常包括一个主体和多个工作部，主体和工作部之间可分离或配接，主体上可设置电池包、电机和手柄，工作部可以是刀条、打草头或锯条等，用户可根据不同的工作要求，选用不同的工作部与所述主体连接，从而不用针对每项工作要求都配备一个传统的电动工具。现有技术也揭示了多种组合式电动工具，如美国专利US6181032揭示了一种可更换工作部的方案，通过特定的结构可将具有开关的把手与不同的工作部连接。但由于不同的工作部对工作电流和电机的要求不同，因此仅更换工作部可能导致工作部不能高效和安全得进行工作。
中国专利申请号为200880104102.0的专利揭示了一种包含通信系统的电动工具系统，该通信系统能够交换与彼此相连的电池盒工具的类型、状态等信息，但这种系统较复杂，制造成本较高，不利于市场推广。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有技术的问题，提供了一种组合电动工具，包括至少一个主体，至少一个工作部，主体和工作部可分离或配接，所述主体内设有电机，主体和工作部之间设有可分离和配接的传动装置，主体内设有控制电路，控制电路包括信号识别模块，信号识别模块包括微控制器，所述工作部内设有标识模块，所述信号识别模块与标识模块通过电性连接或无线通讯，使得所述微控制器能够获识别工作部。
下面是本发明的附属技术方案：
优选的，所述标识模块包括标识电阻，每个工作部内的标识电阻的阻值不完全相同。
优选的，所述标识模块包括多个接口，其中至少有一个接口为公共接口， 当主体和工作部配接时，公共接口与控制电路电性连接。
优选的，所述控制电路包括采样电阻，其可分别与微控制器和公共接口电性连接。
优选的，所述标识模块包括传感器，其可采集工作部的工作状态参数。
优选的，所述信号识别模块还包括无线信号接收器，所述标识模块包括无线信号发射器。
优选的，所述控制电路包括监测控制模块，监测控制模块与电机和微控制器电性连接。
优选的，所述控制电路还包括电压监测模块，其与设置在主体上的电池包和微控制器电性连接，用于监测电池包的电压。
优选的，所述主体上设有第一连接部，所述工作部上设有第二连接部，第一连接部和第二连接部配接时标识模块与控制电路电性连接。
本发明还提供了一种组合电动工具的控制方法，所述控制方法包括如下步骤：①将主体与工作部配接；②微控制器判断哪种工作部接入，调用相应的预设程序；③微控制器采样电机工作参数值；④将采样得到的电机工作参数值与相应的预设值比较，判断电机是否处于非正常工作状态；⑤若步骤④判断为是，则关闭电机，若判断为否，则返回步骤④。
优选的，所述步骤④中电机工作参数值为电流，判断电机是否处于非正常工作状态的方法为：若采样到的电机电流值大于所述预设值，则过流计数器加1，若电机电流值不大于所述预设值，则不过流计数器加1，不过流计数器满预设次数，则不过流和过流计数器同时清零，判断过流计数器累加的次数是否超出过流预设次数。
优选的，步骤②中，所述预设程序为电机的驱动程序和保护程序
本发明的有益技术效果：本发明的组合电动工具能够识别不同的工作部，从而针对不同的工作部采用不同的控制方法，使得电动工具能够安全高效的运行，同时不同工作部通用主体内的电机，降低了硬件成本。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例组合电动工具的示意图。
图2是本发明实施例一的组合电动工具的另一示意图。
图3是本发明实施例一的组合电动工具的控制电路的示意图。
图4是本发明实施例二的组合电动工具的示意图。
图5是本发明实施例三的组合电动工具的示意图。
图6是本发明实施例四的组合电动工具的示意图。
图7是本发明实施例的组合电动工具的控制方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。
如图1和2所示是实施例组合电动工具，其包括主体6和工作部8，主体6上设置了第一连接部64、手柄63、开关62和电池包61。电池包61给电动工具提供工作能源，操作人员可通过手柄63握持电动工具，然后操作开关62启动电动工具。主体6内还设有控制电路5，用于控制电动工具的运转。所述工作部8包括壳体83、第二连接部84和工作头85，工作头85用于作业，例如图1所示的是割灌机，工作头为旋转的刀片；若电动工具为修枝剪，那工作头是刀条；若电动工具为往复锯，则工作头为锯条，不同的电动工具配备不同的工作头以适应不同的工作需要。主体内设有电机82和识别电阻81(如图2所示)，第一连接部64和第二连接部84上分别配置能够电性连接的接插件，使得第一连接部64和第二连接部84配接时，主体6中的控制电路能够与识别电阻电性连接。所述接插件可以是现有技术中的公插和母插的形式，或者是触点连接的方式，现有技术中已经有多种实现方式。若组合电动工具具有多个工作部8，则每个工作部8中的识别电阻81的阻值设置成不完全相同，例如往复锯工作部可设置10 千欧姆，修枝剪工作部可设置成5千欧姆，当不同的工作部与主体连接时，控制电路可识别出不同工作部，从而根据不同工作部的工作要求调用不同的电路控制方式。
如图3所示，控制电路5包括微控制器51、识别模块52、监测控制模块53、电压监测模块54、供电转换模块55和温度采集模块56。微控制器51内可设置程序，用于控制整个电路的运转。所述识别模块52与识别电阻81能够电性连接，当第一连接部64与第二连接部84连接时，识别模块52与识别电阻81电性连接，识别模块52输出电压信号给微控制器，微控制器根据电压信号与预设在微控制器内的预设值比较，即可识别工作部。微控制器根据识别出的工作部，可调用相应的控制程序，改变其他电路模块的工作，例如，若微控制器51将工作部识别为割灌机，则控制所述控制电路输出适合割灌机的工作电流，调用适合割灌机的电路保护参数，从而使工作部更高效和安全得运转。监测控制模块53用于检测流过电机82电流，将采样到的电流信号传输给微控制器判断，若电机电流高于预设值，监测控制模块53切断电机电流，防止电机烧毁，使电动工具能够安全地使用。电压监测模块54用于检测电池包电压，输出电池包电压信号给微控制器，微控制器将电池包电压信号与预设值比较，判断电池包电压是否低于预设值，若电池包电压低于预设值，则微控制器控制所述监测控制模块53切断电机电流。供电转换模块55用于给微控制器供电。温度采集模块56用于采集电池包的温度，当电池温度高于预设值时，监测控制模块53断开电机电流。本实施例中，微控制器通过收到的不同电压信号，即可判断出不同的工作部。
所述电机82设置在主体6上，因此多个工作部8可共用一个电机，电机可采用无刷电机，其具有较宽的转速范围，可通过程序进行良好的控制，在不同的转速上均有较高的效率，可以适应不同工作部的性能需求。电机提供的动力通过传动装置传递给工作部上的工作头(如割草机的切割刀片)。传动装置可采用离合器，例如在主体上设置离合器，在工作部上设置被动盘，当工作部装配到主体上后，电机带动离合器转动，离合器的离心块与被动盘通过摩擦力结合，从而带动被动盘转动，使得工作部上的工作头转动。本领域技术人员可知，采用其他传动装置进行替换，同样能够实现传动。使用主体内的电机向不同的工 作部提供动力，避免了在不同工作部内设置电机，降低了组合电动工具的制造成本。主体和工作部之间的识别方式同样还可以采用以下实施例中的方式。
如图4所示是第二种实施方式，本实施例中，主体6’上的控制电路5’上设有微控制器51’和采样电阻59’，采样电阻一端接地，另一端与微控制器电性连接。工作部8’上设有4个接口，分别为q、n、o、p。其中接口p为公共端，即主体与工作部配接后，接口p与采样电阻8’和微控制器51’电性连接，采样电阻可使微控制器检测到反馈的脉冲信号。不同工作部上接口q、n、o中，有一个与接口p电性连接。例如，本实施例中有3个不同工作部可与主体6’配接，第一工作部上接口q与接口p电性连接，接口m和接口o与接口p没有电性连接。第二工作部上接口n与接口p电性连接，接口q和接口o与接口p没有电性连接。第三工作部上接口o与接口p电性连接，其他两个接口不与接口p电性连接。当主体6’与第一工作部配接后，微控制器51’先后发送脉冲信号(如电压脉冲信号)给接口q、n、o，由于只有接口q与接口p电性连接，因此只有发送给接口q的脉冲信号才能收到反馈，单片机根据反馈信号，根据预设的判断程序即可确定接口q与接口p电性连接，从而确定配接在主体上的工作部为第一工作部。根据工作部数量的不同，可设置不同数量的接口，例如有5个工作部，则可设置6个接口，其中1个为公共接口。
如图5所示是第三种实施方式，控制电路5”包括微控制器5”。工作部8”上设有传感器88”和电源87”，电源给传感器88”供电。当主体6”与工作部8”配接后，微控制器5”与传感器88”电性连接，电机可通电启动。传感器88”可采集工作部的转速、电流和功率等工作状态参数，然后将这些参数反馈给微控制器5”，微控制器5”根据收到的参数信号可判断出哪种工作头在运转，从而进一步的对工作头进行控制。本实施例中电动工具的主体不仅能够判断出工作部，而且能够获得工作部的工作状态参数，从而可更好的对工作部进行控制。
如图6所示是第四种实施方式，本实施例中，主体和工作部通过设置无线通讯装置的方式识别，即主体部和工作部无需直接连接，主体部即可识别出工作部。主体部上设有无线信号接收器91，工作部上设有无线信号发射器92，当用户打开工作部上的信号发送器时，主体部上的信号接收器通过接收到的信号，即可识别出工作部，从而调用对应工作部的控制程序和驱动程序。上述无线通 讯装置可以是磁感装置(例如霍尔传感器)、射频收发装置、红外收发装置、光学通信装置、接近开关等装置中的至少一种。
如图7所示是本实施例组合电动工具的控制方法的流程图，当主体6和工作部8组合在一起后，步骤a中，通过微控制器判断接入的是哪种工作部，具体的判断方法已经在上文描述。启动电机后，步骤b中通过监测控制模块53(如图3所示)采样电机电流值。步骤c中微控制器将步骤b中采样到的电机电流值与相应工作部的预设值比较，例如步骤a中如果微控制器判断出接入的是割灌机，那步骤c中就将采样的电机电流值与割灌机的预设值比较，不同类型的电动工具，其预设值可能不同。步骤c中的TH1和UTH1分别是过流计数器和不过流计数器，若电机电流值大于预设值，则过流计数器加1，若电机电流值不超过预设值，则不过流计数器加1，不过流计数器满M次则TH1和UTH1清零，M的值可根据设计要求确定。加入计数器是为了在步骤d中能够判断电机是否持续过流，如果持续过流则关闭电机，防止产生安全隐患。步骤d中，若TH1的值大于X，则关闭电机，若TH1的值不大于X，则返回步骤c。X的数值可根据设计要求设置，例如X取100，则表示检测到电机过流超过100次后关闭电机。增加计数器的方式是为了防止电机电流偶尔波动超过预设值就造成电机关闭，影响电动工具正常工作。上述控制方法使得不同的工作部接在主体上微控制器均能调用适合该类型工作部的电路参数和电流保护点，确保对应的工作部电机工作在正常的状态下，使得工作部更安全更高效的工作。除了通过采样电机的电流值进行判断外，还可以通过其他的电机工作参数值判断电机处于正常工作状态还是非正常工作状态，如电机工作时的电压或转速。
本发明的组合电动工具通过在主体上设置控制电路和微控制器，微控制器通过接收到的工作部的标识信号，例如实施例中的电压信号，脉冲信号，工作状态参数信号，无线信号。从而能够识别不同的工作部，可针对不同的工作部采用不同的控制方法，使得电动工具能够安全高效的运行，同时降低了硬件成本。需要指出的是，上述较佳实施例仅为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此 限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种组合电动工具，包括至少一个主体，至少一个工作部，主体和工作部可分离或配接，其特征在于：所述主体内设有电机，主体和工作部之间设有可分离和配接的传动装置，主体内设有控制电路，控制电路包括信号识别模块，信号识别模块包括微控制器，所述工作部内设有标识模块，所述信号识别模块与标识模块通过电性连接或无线通讯，使得所述微控制器能够获识别工作部。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的组合电动工具，其特征在于：所述标识模块包括标识电阻，每个工作部内的标识电阻的阻值不完全相同。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的组合电动工具，其特征在于：所述标识模块包括多个接口，其中至少有一个接口为公共接口，当主体和工作部配接时，公共接口与控制电路电性连接。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的组合电动工具，其特征在于：所述控制电路包括采样电阻，其可分别与微控制器和公共接口电性连接。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的组合电动工具，其特征在于：所述标识模块包括传感器，其可采集工作部的工作状态参数。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的组合电动工具，其特征在于：所述信号识别模块还包括无线信号接收器，所述标识模块包括无线信号发射器。
  7. 如权利要求1至6任一权利要求所述的组合电动工具，其特征在于：所述控制电路包括监测控制模块，监测控制模块与电机和微控制器电性连接。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的组合电动工具，其特征在于：所述控制电路还包括电压监测模块，其与设置在主体上的电池包和微控制器电性连接，用于监测电池包的电压。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的组合电动工具，其特征在于：所述主体上设有第一连接部，所述工作部上设有第二连接部，第一连接部和第二连接部配接时标识模块与控制电路电性连接。
  10. 一种包括权利要求1至6中任一权利要求所述的组合电动工具的控制方法，其特征在于，所述控制方法包括如下步骤：
    ①将主体与工作部配接；
    ②微控制器判断哪种工作部接入，调用相应的预设程序；
    ③微控制器采样电机工作参数值；
    ④将采样得到的电机工作参数值与相应的预设值比较，判断电机是否处于非正常工作状态；
    ⑤若步骤④判断为是，则关闭电机，若判断为否，则返回步骤④。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的组合电动工具的控制方法，其特征在于：步骤④中电机工作参数值为电流，判断电机是否处于非正常工作状态的方法为：若采样到的电机电流值大于所述预设值，则过流计数器加1，若电机电流值不大于所述预设值，则不过流计数器加1，不过流计数器满预设次数，则不过流和过流计数器同时清零，判断过流计数器累加的次数是否超出过流预设次数。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的组合电动工具，其特征在于：步骤②中，所述预设程序为电机的驱动程序和保护程序。
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US11059158B2 (en) 2021-07-13
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