WO2015109745A1 - 一种新型缓降器 - Google Patents

一种新型缓降器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015109745A1
WO2015109745A1 PCT/CN2014/080529 CN2014080529W WO2015109745A1 WO 2015109745 A1 WO2015109745 A1 WO 2015109745A1 CN 2014080529 W CN2014080529 W CN 2014080529W WO 2015109745 A1 WO2015109745 A1 WO 2015109745A1
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Prior art keywords
wheel
escapement
fastened
roller
shaft
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PCT/CN2014/080529
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English (en)
French (fr)
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连军
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连军
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Publication of WO2015109745A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015109745A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
    • A62B1/10—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys mechanically operated
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys

Definitions

  • the invention is a novel descending device and belongs to a high-rise fire rescue device.
  • the fire escape descending device used by a single person in the world all adopts a centrifugal friction mechanism to complete the purpose of controlling the uniform descending of the escaped human body.
  • the disadvantage of this kind of mechanism is that the reliability is low, especially when it is used again after being used for a certain period of time, the centrifugal friction mechanism may have a failure failure, causing a user's casualty accident; the centrifugal mechanism is sprayed with a sprinkler head and a water gun.
  • the fire escape descending device used by a single person in the world all adopts a centrifugal friction mechanism to complete the purpose of controlling the uniform descending of the escaped human body.
  • the disadvantage of this kind of mechanism is that the reliability is low, especially when it is used again after being used for a certain period of time, the centrifugal friction mechanism may have a failure failure, causing a user's casualty accident; the centrifugal mechanism is sprayed with a sprinkler head and a water gun.
  • the non-metallic friction material on the centrifugal friction block in the device is susceptible to moisture, aging, chemical volatilization gas and dust, etc., which will change the friction coefficient of the friction block, which makes the current descending device at home and abroad always have reliability and safety problems. .
  • the object of the present invention is to design a new type of descending device with high reliability, constant body speed control, no fear of water, no fear of oil, convenient use, and no external environment influence during storage.
  • the present invention adopts a new escapement mechanism to control the descending device, thereby achieving the goal of controlling the uniform speed of the human body;
  • the new descending device is composed of a pinion wheel assembly, a planetary transmission wheel train, an escapement mechanism assembly and upper and lower fixing.
  • the plate and the sheave are composed of auxiliary parts;
  • the pinion wheel assembly is stamped and riveted by the alloy steel plate, and three planetary gears are fastened to one side of the escapement mechanism;
  • the inner ring gear of the planetary transmission wheel system is stamped and made of alloy steel plate, and multi-layered The riveting is integrated, and the center gear of the planetary gear train is fastened on the escape wheel.
  • the escapement gear in the escapement is in the shape of an isosceles triangle, and the number of teeth can be changed between 4 teeth and 10 teeth according to the rotation speed requirement.
  • the upper and lower ends of the wheel are provided with a roller type slip assembly, and the roller type slip assembly has a rotary hole in the middle thereof, and is composed of a roller, a top and bottom card tile, a roller shaft and a weight shaft, and the upper and lower card tiles are composed of a weight shaft,
  • the roller shaft is riveted into one body.
  • the roller type slip assembly can be selected according to the requirements of the required speed and torque, and the inner ring gear is fastened by the upper and lower fixing plates through the riveting column, and is located in the middle of the two fixing plates.
  • the center of the pinion wheel assembly, the center gear and the upper and lower fixed plates are provided with holes for the central shaft to pass, and the escape wheel is also rotated about the axis.
  • the upper and lower fixed plate ends are fastened with a supporting column, and the column is provided with an annular damping piece.
  • the upper opening of the piece is provided with a hook for fixing the descending device, and the outer casing is fastened with a dustproof outer casing; the wire rope for carrying the weight of the human body is fixed by the clamping rope wheel, and can be rotated in the forward and reverse directions of the clamping rope wheel to complete the upper and lower sides.
  • the mobile function has a safety belt fastened to the human body at both ends of the rope, and one end of the wire rope and the safety belt are wound around the rope wheel.
  • the metal frame of the steel wire rope is arranged on the rope wheel, and the metal frame is divided into two, and the middle part of the frame is fixed by welding.
  • the short tube and the two short tubes are respectively fastened to both ends of the hollow shaft of the sheave, the upper and lower ends of the frame are fastened by rivets, and the sheave can be rotated on the hollow shaft.
  • the control parts of the descending device are affected by the factors such as moisture, aging, oiling and the like, and the slippage control phenomenon is solved.
  • the descending device has no fixed posture requirement, which brings convenience to the escaper, due to the transmission mechanism.
  • the parts are made of alloy steel material, which is minimally affected by external influences during storage and has a long storage period, which greatly improves reliability and safety.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a novel descending device of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a scraping view of the sheave structure.
  • a new type of descender shown in Fig. 1 is composed of a pinion wheel assembly (10), a planetary transmission wheel train, an escapement mechanism assembly and an upper fixing plate (18), a lower fixing plate (6), and a plastic casing (3).
  • the two plastic casings are fastened to the two fixing plates by screws (16), and the planetary gears (5) in the planetary transmission train are fastened with their rotating shafts on the side of the clamping sheave assembly (10) facing the escapement, center
  • the wheel (8) is fastened in the center of the escape wheel (11), and a hole for the central shaft (15) is opened in the middle of the center wheel, and the inner ring gear (4) is formed by stamping of the alloy steel plate and multi-layer riveting.
  • the rivet column (7) is fixed by the upper and lower fixing plates and is located at the middle of the two fixing plates, and the lower part thereof is a clamping wheel assembly (10) which is formed by punching and riveting an alloy steel plate, and the clamping rope wheel prevents the wire rope (9) from being in the wheel groove.
  • the inner ring gear (4) is an escapement mechanism above, and the escape wheel (11) has an isosceles triangle shape, which is convenient for forward and reverse rotation.
  • the number of teeth can be changed between 4 and 10 teeth according to the rotation speed requirement, and the escape wheel is up and down.
  • a roller type slip assembly (2) is arranged at both ends, and the assembly is composed of a roller (14), an upper and lower clamping plate (12), a weight shaft and a roller shaft, and is riveted by the weight shaft and the roller shaft, and the roller can be rotated.
  • the middle part of the assembly has a rotary hole and is set on the upper fixed plate and the inner tooth
  • the fixed shaft (17) between, roller slip assembly may be based on the need to control the rotational speed, torque requirements selected from the group 2-4 configuration.
  • the pinion wheel assembly and the sun gear fastened on the escape wheel are all set on the central shaft (15), and the two ends of the central shaft are fixed by the upper and lower fixing plates.
  • the bearing column (1) fastened to the upper and lower fixing plates is provided with an annular damping piece (20), and the upper opening of the piece is provided with a fixed descender hook (19).
  • the sheave shown in Fig. 2 is composed of a wound steel wire rope (9), a safety belt (13), a sheave (21), a metal frame (22), a fixed short pipe (23), and a hollow rotating shaft (24), wherein the metal frame and the metal frame are The fixed short tubes are welded together, the metal frame is divided into two left and right sides, and the two short tubes are respectively fastened at the two ends of the hollow rotating shaft (24), and the upper and lower ends of the metal frame are fastened by the rivets (25).
  • the sheave can be rotated on the hollow shaft, and the wire rope can be pulled out without entanglement.
  • the descender In use, the descender is fixed by the hook (19), the sheave is placed on the user's standing ground, and then the seat belt (13) is put into the human body, and the escaped person rotates the rope assembly by the wire rope during the descending process ( 10)
  • the center wheel rotates at a higher speed
  • the escaped escape wheel (11) rotates synchronously with the center wheel
  • the escape wheel tooth and the roller in the roller slip assembly (2) (14) Collision, pushing the roller type slip assembly to rotate in reverse, so that the escapement tooth collides with the second roller (14), and the continuous collision in the rotation controls the rotation speed of the escape wheel, thereby controlling the rope pulley.
  • the speed of rotation reaches the goal of controlling the constant speed drop of the escape personnel.
  • the use of a mating structure of various components in the descending device can solve various safety problems, and at the same time, it is industrially convenient for repetitive mass production due to ease of use and manufacture.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种新型缓降器，采用新型的擒纵机构来控制缓降器传动部件的转速，从而达到人体匀速下降的目地，新型缓降器由夹绳轮组件（10）、行星传动轮系、擒纵机构组件及上固定板（18）、下固定板（6）、绳轮（21）等辅助件组成；擒纵机构中的擒纵轮齿为等腰三角形，齿数可在4-10齿间变化，擒纵轮（11）上下两端配有滚轮式卡瓦组件（2）。该缓降器可靠性高、控制人体下降速度恒定、不怕水、不怕油、使用方便、存放时不受外界各种环境影响。

Description

一种新型缓降器 技术领域
本发明是一种新型缓降器，属于高楼火灾救生器材。
背景技术
目前世界上单人使用的火灾逃生缓降器，其上全部是采用一种离心摩擦机构来完成控制逃生人体匀速下降的目地。这种机构的缺点是：可靠性低，特别是使用过和存放一定时间后再次使用时，离心摩擦机构会出现失效故障，造成使用者的伤亡事故；该离心机构在有喷淋头、水枪喷洒的火灾环境中如进水、沾油均无法工作；使用时，这类缓降器安装姿态又有严格要求，给使用者带来不便；其另一缺点是安全使用存放周期不稳定，缓降器中离心摩擦块上的非金属摩擦材料易受潮、老化、化学挥发气体及粉尘等因素都会使摩擦块的摩擦系数改变，使得国内外目前使用的缓降器一直存在可靠性、安全性的问题。
技术问题
本发明的目地是设计一种可靠性高、控制人体下降速度恒定、不怕水、不怕油、使用方便、存放时不受外界各种环境影响的一种新型缓降器。
技术解决方案
为达到上述目的，本发明采用新型的擒纵机构来控制缓降器，从而达到控制人体匀速下降的目地；新型缓降器由夹绳轮组件、行星传动轮系、擒纵机构组件及上下固定板、绳轮等辅助件组成；夹绳轮组件由合金钢板冲压铆接而成，朝向擒纵机构一面紧固有三个行星齿轮；行星传动轮系的内齿圈由合金钢板冲压制作，并多层铆接成为一体，行星轮系的中心齿轮紧固在擒纵轮上，擒纵机构中的擒纵轮齿形为等腰三角形，齿数可依据转速要求在4齿—10齿之间变化，擒纵轮上下两端配有滚轮式卡瓦组件，滚轮式卡瓦组件中部开有迴转孔，并由滚轮、上下卡瓦片、滚轮轴、配重轴组成，上下卡瓦片由配重轴、滚轮轴铆接为一体，该滚轮式卡瓦组件可依据需要控制的转速、力矩等要求选2—4组配置；内齿圈通过铆柱由上下固定板紧固，并位于两固定板中间位置，夹绳轮组件、中心齿轮、上下固定板中心均开有孔供中心轴通过，擒纵轮也以此轴为中心转动，上下固定板上端紧固有承载柱，该柱套装有环形减震片，该片上开孔装有固定缓降器的拉钩，两固定板外紧固有外壳防尘；用于承载人体重量的钢丝绳由夹绳轮固定，可随夹绳轮正反方向转动，完成上下移动功能，绳两端固定有紧固人体的安全带，该钢丝绳一端及安全带缠绕在绳轮上，绳轮上安置有防钢丝绳脱出的金属框架，金属框架分两个，框架中部焊接有固定短管，两短管分别与绳轮的空心转轴两端紧固，框架上下两端由铆钉紧固，绳轮可在空心转轴上转动。使用时，绳轮放在地上，不必担心钢丝绳缠绕问题，使用者到达地面后，绳轮上另一安全带脱离绳轮，下一逃生者可继续使用，这样钢丝绳一端着地后另一端正好回至楼上起始点供另一使用者逃生。
有益效果
采用新型的擒纵机构后，缓降器的控制部件受潮、老化、沾油等因素造成的打滑失控现象被解决，使用中缓降器无固定姿态要求，给逃生者带来方便，由于传动机构及部件匀采用合金钢材料制造，在存放中受外界影响极小，存放周期长，使其可靠性、安全性大幅提高。
附图说明
图1是本发明的一种新型缓降器具体实施方式的结构剖视图。
图2是绳轮结构刮视图。
 本发明的实施方式
图1所示的一种新型缓降器由夹绳轮组件（10）、行星传动轮系、擒纵机构组件及上固定板（18）、下固定板（6）、塑料外壳（3）组成。两个塑料外壳由螺钉（16）紧固在两固定板上，行星传动轮系中的行星轮（5）以其转动轴紧固在夹绳轮组件（10）朝向擒纵机构的一面，中心轮（8）紧固在擒纵轮（11）中心，中心轮中部开有供中心轴（15）通过的孔，由合金钢板冲压制作、多层铆接成为一体的内齿圈（4）通过多个铆柱（7）由上下固定板固定，并位于两固定板中部，其下方为合金钢板冲压铆接而成的夹绳轮组件（10），该夹绳轮可防止钢丝绳（9）在轮槽中滑动，内齿圈（4）上方为擒纵机构，擒纵轮（11）齿形为等腰三角形，便于正反转动，齿数可依据转速要求在4—10齿间变化，擒纵轮上下两端安置有滚轮式卡瓦组件（2），该组件由滚轮（14）、上下夹板（12）、配重轴、滚轮轴组成，并由配重轴、滚轮轴铆接为一体，滚轮可转动，该组件中部开有迴转孔，并套装在上固定板与内齿圈之间的固定轴（17）上，滚轮式卡瓦组件可依据需要控制的转速、力矩等要求选2—4组配置。夹绳轮组件与紧固在擒纵轮上的中心齿轮均套装在中心轴（15）上，中心轴两端由上下固定板固定限位。紧固在上下固定板上的承载柱（1）上套装有环形减震片（20），该片上开孔装有固定缓降器挂钩（19）。
图2所示绳轮由缠绕的钢丝绳（9）、安全带（13）、绳轮（21）、金属框架（22）、固定短管（23）、空心转轴（24）组成，其中金属框架与固定短管焊接在一起，金属框架分左右两个，两短管分别紧固在空心转轴（24）两端，金属框架上下两端由铆钉（25）紧固。使用时绳轮可在空心转轴上转动，钢丝绳抽出时不会出现缠绕。
使用时，通过挂钩（19）将缓降器固定，绳轮放至使用者站立地面即可，然后将安全带（13）套入人体上，逃生人员下降过程中通过钢丝绳转动夹绳轮组件（10），行星轮环绕中心轮转动时，中心轮增速转动，与其紧固的擒纵轮（11）则和中心轮同步转动，擒纵轮齿与滚轮式卡瓦组件（2）中的滚轮（14）碰撞，推动滚轮式卡瓦组件反向转动，使擒纵轮齿又与第二个滚轮（14）碰撞，转动中的不断碰撞使擒纵轮的转速得到控制，从而控制夹绳轮的转速，达到控制逃生人员恒速下降的目地。
 工业实用性
缓降器中利用各种组件的配合结构，可解决各种安全性问题，同时由于使用制造简便，在工业上可方便地进行重复性的批量生产。

Claims (1)

  1. 一种新型缓降器，其特征是：采用新型的擒纵机构来控制缓降器中的行星传动轮系及夹绳轮组件的转速，擒纵机构中的擒纵轮齿为等腰三角形，齿数可根据转速要求在4—10齿间变化，行星轮系的中心齿轮紧固在擒纵轮上，擒纵轮上下两端配有滚轮式卡瓦组件，滚轮式卡瓦组件由滚轮、上下夹板、滚轮轴、配重、铆轴组成，并由铆轴、滚轮轴紧固为一体，中部开有迴转孔，该滚轮式卡瓦组件可依据需要控制的转速、力矩等要求选2—4组配置，行星传动系中的内齿圈由合金钢板冲压制作，并多层铆接成为一体，上下固定板上端紧固有承载柱，该柱套装有环形减震片，该片上开孔装有固定缓降器的拉钩，绳轮上安置有防钢丝绳脱出的金属框架，金属框架分两个，框架中部焊接有固定短管，两短管分别与绳轮的空心转轴两端紧固，框架上下两端由铆钉紧固。
PCT/CN2014/080529 2014-01-24 2014-06-23 一种新型缓降器 WO2015109745A1 (zh)

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CN107441642A (zh) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-08 中际联合（北京）科技股份有限公司 民用逃生包缓降器行星齿轮减速机构
US9993667B2 (en) 2015-12-02 2018-06-12 High-Rise Safety Technology Limited Descent control device
CN114129922A (zh) * 2021-12-09 2022-03-04 河南省豫新科技发展有限公司 一种高楼逃生机

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CN106806997A (zh) * 2015-12-02 2017-06-09 东莞市红火安全科技有限公司 一种新型缓降器
CN113893471B (zh) * 2021-11-08 2022-11-25 嘉兴学院 一种高层应急缓降擒纵机构及其缓降器

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GB665038A (en) * 1949-08-13 1952-01-16 John Kerr & Company Manchester Improvements relating to automatic fire escape apparatus
CN2175011Y (zh) * 1993-12-16 1994-08-24 曾景霖 高楼救生缓降器
CN2569820Y (zh) * 2002-09-26 2003-09-03 叶海燕 缓降救生器
CN202438004U (zh) * 2012-02-10 2012-09-19 东莞市万方消防设备有限公司 恒速式缓降器
CN103239811A (zh) * 2012-02-10 2013-08-14 东莞市万方消防设备有限公司 恒速式缓降器

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB665038A (en) * 1949-08-13 1952-01-16 John Kerr & Company Manchester Improvements relating to automatic fire escape apparatus
CN2175011Y (zh) * 1993-12-16 1994-08-24 曾景霖 高楼救生缓降器
CN2569820Y (zh) * 2002-09-26 2003-09-03 叶海燕 缓降救生器
CN202438004U (zh) * 2012-02-10 2012-09-19 东莞市万方消防设备有限公司 恒速式缓降器
CN103239811A (zh) * 2012-02-10 2013-08-14 东莞市万方消防设备有限公司 恒速式缓降器

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9993667B2 (en) 2015-12-02 2018-06-12 High-Rise Safety Technology Limited Descent control device
CN107441642A (zh) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-08 中际联合（北京）科技股份有限公司 民用逃生包缓降器行星齿轮减速机构
CN114129922A (zh) * 2021-12-09 2022-03-04 河南省豫新科技发展有限公司 一种高楼逃生机
CN114129922B (zh) * 2021-12-09 2022-10-18 河南省豫新科技发展有限公司 一种高楼逃生机

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