WO2015104945A1 - Dispositif pour détecter une rupture d'outil dans une machine-outil - Google Patents

Dispositif pour détecter une rupture d'outil dans une machine-outil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015104945A1
WO2015104945A1 PCT/JP2014/082778 JP2014082778W WO2015104945A1 WO 2015104945 A1 WO2015104945 A1 WO 2015104945A1 JP 2014082778 W JP2014082778 W JP 2014082778W WO 2015104945 A1 WO2015104945 A1 WO 2015104945A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
breakage
image
magazine
imaging
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/082778
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
佑介 谷澤
山本　英明
浩史 大石
Original Assignee
三菱重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱重工業株式会社 filed Critical 三菱重工業株式会社
Publication of WO2015104945A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015104945A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
    • B23Q3/1554—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
    • B23Q17/2452—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces
    • B23Q17/2457—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces of tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B23Q17/0904—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool before or after machining
    • B23Q17/0909—Detection of broken tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/15513—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling the tool being taken from a storage device and transferred to a tool holder by means of transfer devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
    • B23Q3/15713—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle
    • B23Q3/1572—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking a single tool from a storage device and inserting it in a spindle the storage device comprising rotating or circulating storing means
    • B23Q3/15722—Rotary discs or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
    • B23Q3/1554—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore
    • B23Q2003/155404—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising a single gripper
    • B23Q2003/155407—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising a single gripper linearly movable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
    • B23Q3/1554—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore
    • B23Q2003/155414—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising two or more grippers
    • B23Q2003/155425—Transfer mechanisms, e.g. tool gripping arms; Drive mechanisms therefore the transfer mechanism comprising two or more grippers pivotable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tool breakage detection device for a machine tool, and more particularly to a technique for detecting tool breakage in a machine tool having a tool magazine and an automatic tool changer.
  • a standby unit for holding a tool for standby is provided between the spindle and the tool magazine, and a tool changer is arranged between the spindle and the standby unit.
  • a tool transfer device is provided between the standby unit and the tool magazine, and a tool breakage detection device is provided at a position corresponding to the linear movement region among the movement regions where the tool moves by the tool transfer device. It is well known that a breakage of a tool is detected by an optical sensor or a contact while the tool is moving in a linear movement region by a delivery device (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below).
  • the conventional machine tool described above detects breakage of a tool with an optical sensor
  • the breakage is detected depending on whether the detection light emitted from the light emitting element of the optical sensor is blocked by the tip of the tool. It is necessary to move the moving body that supports the optical sensor by the moving motor according to the tool length in the absence of the tool. In short, to adjust the position of the optical sensor according to the tool to be inspected, In addition to the transport apparatus provided in the apparatus, a separate transport apparatus for transporting the optical sensor is required, and there is a problem that the number of objects to be maintained increases.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a tool breakage detection device for a machine tool that can suppress an increase in maintenance management and can detect a breakage of a tool efficiently in a short time.
  • a tool breakage detection device for a machine tool comprising: a spindle, a tool magazine capable of storing a plurality of tools, and an automatic tool changer that automatically changes a tool between the spindle and the tool magazine.
  • An image recognition device comprising: an imaging unit that images a tool conveyed by the automatic tool changer; and an image processing unit that analyzes an image obtained by imaging the tool by the imaging unit;
  • the imaging means images the unprocessed tool transferred from the tool magazine to the spindle by the automatic tool changer and the processed tool transferred from the spindle to the tool magazine by the automatic tool changer.
  • the image processing means detects breakage of the tool by comparing the image of the tool before processing and the image of the tool after processing.
  • a tool breakage detecting device for a machine tool according to a second invention is a tool breakage detecting device for a machine tool according to the first invention.
  • Illuminating means for illuminating a tool conveyed by the automatic tool changer is provided.
  • a tool breakage detecting device for a machine tool according to a third invention is a tool breakage detecting device for a machine tool according to the second invention,
  • the imaging means images the tool from above the tool,
  • the illumination means illuminates the tool from below the tool.
  • the tool breakage detection device for a machine tool according to the fourth invention is a tool breakage detection device for a machine tool according to the second or third invention,
  • the imaging means and the illumination means are arranged at a tool change standby position provided between the main shaft and the tool magazine.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view showing a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1 is a side view showing a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3A is an explanatory diagram showing an example of imaging a tool before machining
  • FIG. 3B is an explanatory diagram showing an example of imaging a tool after machining. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the breakage detection algorithm by the tool breakage detection apparatus of the machine tool which concerns on the Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example which installs two or more imaging devices.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 An embodiment of a tool breakage detecting device for a machine tool according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • a column 12 is placed on a bed 11 that constitutes the base of the machine tool 1.
  • a spindle head 13 is supported on one side surface 12a of the column 12 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction).
  • a spindle 14 is rotatably supported on the spindle head 13, and a tool 15 is detachably supported on the spindle 14.
  • a tool magazine 16 is disposed on the other side surface 12b (side surface opposite to the side surface 12a) of the column 12.
  • a plurality of magazine pots 16a are arranged in an elliptical shape, and the magazine pot 16a is configured to be capable of circular movement along the elliptical path.
  • Each magazine pot 16a can be detachably inserted with different types of tools 15, for example.
  • an automatic tool changer 17 for automatically changing the tool 15 is disposed between the spindle 14 and the tool magazine 16.
  • the automatic tool changer 17 includes a tool gripping portion 17a that grips a tool, and a guide rail 17b that is supported by the column 12 and guides the tool gripping portion 17a in a slidable manner.
  • the tool gripping part 17a rotates and advances and retracts an arm (not shown) so that the tool 15 and the tool mounted on the spindle 14 positioned at a position for exchanging the tool 15 (hereinafter referred to as a tool exchanging position).
  • the tool 15 gripped by the gripping part 17a is configured to be attached / detached and exchanged at the same time, and the tool 15 inserted into the magazine pot 16a and the tool 15 gripped by the tool gripping part 17a are configured. And can be attached and detached simultaneously.
  • the guide rail 17b is arranged between the spindle 14 positioned at the tool change position and the tool magazine 16 so as to guide the tool gripping portion 17a between the spindle 14 positioned at the tool change position and the tool magazine 16. It extends in the horizontal direction along the 12 side surfaces.
  • a standby position where the tool gripping portion 17a waits until the magazine pot 16a in which the desired tool 15 is inserted is transported to the tool change position by the circular movement.
  • An image recognition device 19 and a lighting device 21 are disposed (hereinafter referred to as a tool change standby position).
  • the image recognition device 19 includes an imaging device 19a and an image processing device 19b.
  • the imaging device 19a is imaging means such as a CCD camera, for example, and is supported by the column 12 via the imaging device support 20 above the guide rail 17b corresponding to the tool change standby position, and is gripped by the tool gripping portion 17a. The entire tool 15 positioned at the replacement standby position is imaged. An image obtained by imaging the tool 15 by the imaging device 19a is input to the image processing device 19b.
  • the illumination device 21 is supported by the column 12 via the illumination device support 22 below the guide rail 17b corresponding to the tool change standby position, and is held by the tool holding portion 17a and positioned at the tool change standby position. Do the whole lighting.
  • a table 23 is disposed in front of the column 12.
  • the machine tool breakage detecting apparatus configured as described above, first, when the tool 15 is transported from the tool magazine 16 to the spindle 14 by the automatic tool changer 17 before machining a workpiece (not shown). Then, the movement of the tool gripping portion 17a is temporarily stopped at the tool change standby position, and the silhouette of the entire tool 15 illuminated by the illumination device 21 is imaged by the imaging device 19a from below to obtain a pre-processing image.
  • the movement of the tool gripping portion 17a is once again stopped at the tool change standby position, and from below.
  • the silhouette of the entire tool 15 illuminated by the illumination device 21 is imaged by the imaging device 19a, and a processed image is acquired. That is, before the tool 15 is returned to the magazine pot 16a, an image is taken by the imaging device 19a.
  • the image processing device 19b binarizes the pre-processing image and the post-processing image based on preset threshold values to differentiate the tool 15 from the background.
  • a binary image before processing and a binarized image after processing are converted, and the binarized image before processing and the binarized image after processing are overlapped to obtain a difference between the two binarized images.
  • the difference between the two binarized images is compared with a breakage detection threshold set in advance to determine whether or not the tool 15 is broken. If the difference is equal to or greater than the breakage detection threshold, the tool 15 breaks. Judge that you are doing. On the other hand, if the difference is less than the breakage detection threshold, it is determined that the tool 15 is not broken.
  • the tool 15 after machining the workpiece is broken as shown in FIG. 3 (b) with respect to the tool 15 before machining the workpiece shown in FIG. 3 (a).
  • a pre-processing binarized image I B2 obtained by binarizing the pre-processing image I B1 obtained by imaging the pre-processing tool 15B
  • a post-processing image I A1 obtained by imaging the processed tool 15A.
  • the difference 24 surrounded by the broken line is equal to or greater than the breakage detection threshold, and breakage of the tool 15 is detected.
  • the positional relationship between the tool 15 and the imaging device 19a can be fixed in a non-contact manner, in other words, since the movement of the imaging device 19a is unnecessary, a conventional detection device using an optical sensor or a contactor The movable part such as a transfer device which is necessary in the above becomes unnecessary, and the number of objects to be maintained can be reduced as compared with the conventional case.
  • the image recognition device 19 is installed above the guide rail 17b and the light receiving portion is directed downward, it is possible to prevent stickers, dust, and the like from adhering to the light receiving portion of the image recognition device 19. it can. In addition, even if a small piece or the like adheres to the lighting device 21 installed below the guide rail 17b, the influence is small because it is smaller than the size of the breakage. Further, since the imaging device 19a performs imaging by illuminating the tool 15 to be imaged with a backlight by the illumination device 21, a bright and dark image can be obtained, and it is easy to use binarization. The tool shape can be recognized. Further, since the breakage of the tool 15 occurs in a size of approximately 10 to 20 [mm], it is suitable for quick detection by image recognition.
  • the relative position between the tool 15 and the image recognition device 19 is fixed at the time of imaging. A broken portion can be easily detected by simply superimposing an image obtained by capturing the tool 15.
  • the tool breakage detection device for machine tools is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
  • a plurality of imaging devices two imaging devices 19a- 1, 19a-2 may be installed.
  • the present invention is suitable for application to a tool breakage detecting device for detecting tool breakage in a machine tool.
  • imaging device 11 bed 12 column 13 spindle head 14 spindle 15, 15A, 15B tool 16 tool magazine 16a magazine pot 17 automatic tool changer 17a tool gripping part 17b guide rail 19 image recognition device 19a imaging device 19b image processing device 20 imaging device support 21 Illuminating device 22 Illuminating device support 23 Table 24 Difference I A1 post-processing image I A2 post-processing binarized image I B1 pre-processing image I B2 pre-processing binarized image I superimposed image

Abstract

La présente invention vise à procurer un dispositif pour détecter une rupture d'outil dans une machine-outil, dans lequel le dispositif rend possible de détecter efficacement une rupture d'outil, tout en limitant également des augmentations de maintenance. À cet effet, l'invention porte sur un dispositif pour détecter une rupture d'outil dans une machine-outil, lequel dispositif comporte un arbre principal (14), un magasin d'outils (16) apte à retenir de multiples outils (15), et un dispositif d'échange d'outils automatique (17) pour échanger automatiquement des outils (15) entre l'arbre principal (14) et le magasin d'outils (16), et lequel comporte une unité de reconnaissance d'image comprenant : des moyens de réalisation d'image (19a) pour réaliser une image d'un outil pré-traitement (15) qui est transporté à partir du magasin d'outils (16) jusqu'à l'arbre principal (14) par le dispositif d'échange d'outils automatique (17) et de l'outil post-traitement (15) transporté à partir de l'arbre principal (14) jusqu'au magasin d'outils (16) par le dispositif d'échange d'outils automatique (17) ; et des moyens de traitement d'image (19b) pour détecter une rupture d'outil par comparaison des images de l'outil pré-traitement (15) et de l'outil post-traitement (15) prises par les moyens de réalisation d'image (19a).
PCT/JP2014/082778 2014-01-10 2014-12-11 Dispositif pour détecter une rupture d'outil dans une machine-outil WO2015104945A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014002969A JP2015131357A (ja) 2014-01-10 2014-01-10 工作機械の工具折損検知装置
JP2014-002969 2014-01-10

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US20150266153A1 (en) * 2012-11-30 2015-09-24 Komatsu Ntc Ltd. Machine tool
WO2017017825A1 (fr) * 2015-07-29 2017-02-02 株式会社牧野フライス製作所 Procédé et dispositif de remplacement d'outil
CN106514436A (zh) * 2017-01-06 2017-03-22 昆山北钜机械有限公司 一种错置刀或断刀的刀具检测系统
CN106773160A (zh) * 2016-12-15 2017-05-31 东旭科技集团有限公司 玻璃基板的人工检查辅助装置、检查系统及其检查方法
WO2019030222A1 (fr) * 2017-08-07 2019-02-14 Franz Haimer Maschinenbau Kg Fabrication d'un jumeau numérique dans un centre d'usinage
EP3330042A4 (fr) * 2015-07-29 2019-03-13 Makino Milling Machine Co., Ltd. Procédé et dispositif de remplacement d'outil
EP3357637A4 (fr) * 2015-09-30 2019-05-08 Makino Milling Machine Co., Ltd. Machine-outil
CN111451838A (zh) * 2019-01-21 2020-07-28 发那科株式会社 机床、管理系统及工具劣化检测方法
JP6887070B1 (ja) * 2021-02-26 2021-06-16 Dmg森精機株式会社 工作機械、表示制御方法、および表示制御プログラム
US20210354257A1 (en) * 2020-05-18 2021-11-18 Disco Corporation Blade replacing apparatus and adjusting method of blade replacing apparatus
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US11344984B2 (en) * 2017-04-25 2022-05-31 Fill Gesellschaft M.B.H. Machining facility and method for changing a tool in the machining facility
WO2022172521A1 (fr) * 2021-02-15 2022-08-18 Dmg Mori Co., Ltd. Machine-outil
WO2022172520A1 (fr) * 2021-02-15 2022-08-18 Dmg Mori Co., Ltd. Machine-outil
US11590621B2 (en) * 2019-02-28 2023-02-28 Fanuc Corporation Machine tool and machining process change method
JP7433594B2 (ja) 2020-02-20 2024-02-20 株式会社ニイガタマシンテクノ 工作機械の切屑検出装置
TWI837618B (zh) 2021-03-17 2024-04-01 日商芝浦機械股份有限公司 工具形狀異常檢測裝置及工具形狀異常檢測方法

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JP7301285B2 (ja) * 2019-05-22 2023-07-03 株式会社ニイガタマシンテクノ 工具測定装置
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US9561570B2 (en) * 2012-11-30 2017-02-07 Komatsu Ntc Ltd. Machine tool
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