WO2015100872A1 - 低铅无铋无硅黄铜 - Google Patents

低铅无铋无硅黄铜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015100872A1
WO2015100872A1 PCT/CN2014/074938 CN2014074938W WO2015100872A1 WO 2015100872 A1 WO2015100872 A1 WO 2015100872A1 CN 2014074938 W CN2014074938 W CN 2014074938W WO 2015100872 A1 WO2015100872 A1 WO 2015100872A1
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Prior art keywords
alloy
lead
manganese
brass
free
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PCT/CN2014/074938
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李家德
Original Assignee
嘉兴艾迪西暖通科技有限公司
浙江艾迪西流体控制股份有限公司
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Application filed by 嘉兴艾迪西暖通科技有限公司, 浙江艾迪西流体控制股份有限公司 filed Critical 嘉兴艾迪西暖通科技有限公司
Priority to CN201480000086.6A priority Critical patent/CN103917675A/zh
Priority to AU2014202539A priority patent/AU2014202539B2/en
Priority to EP14730412.5A priority patent/EP2960351A4/en
Priority to US14/354,950 priority patent/US20160145719A1/en
Priority to KR1020147015579A priority patent/KR20150093099A/ko
Priority to JP2015555582A priority patent/JP6008159B2/ja
Publication of WO2015100872A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015100872A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a low-lead brass alloy, and more particularly to a brass alloy material having both free-cutting and anti-dezincification.
  • the proportion of zinc metal added is 38-42%.
  • lead-containing brass has excellent formability (easy to make various shapes of products), machinability and wear resistance are widely used in various shapes of machined parts, occupying a large proportion in the copper industry, is the world of books Recognized as an important foundation material.
  • lead-containing brass is prone to lead dissolution in solid or gaseous form during production or use. Medical research indicates that lead is highly damaging to human hematopoiesis and the nervous system, especially children's kidneys and other organs.
  • silicon appears in the Y phase of the alloy metallographic structure (sometimes a ⁇ phase). At this time, silicon can replace the role of lead in the alloy to some extent, and improve the machinability of the alloy.
  • the machinability of the alloy increases with the increase of silicon content, but the melting point of silicon is high, the specific gravity is low, and it is easy to be oxidized. Therefore, after the silicon monomer is added into the furnace during the melting of the alloy, silicon floats on the surface of the alloy, when the alloy is molten. Silicon is oxidized to silicon oxide or other oxides, making it difficult to produce a copper-containing copper alloy, and if silicon is added as a Cu-Si alloy, the economic cost is high.
  • niobium to lead can be used as a cutting break in the alloy structure to increase the machinability.
  • the niobium content is too high, hot cracking is likely to occur during forging, which is not conducive to production.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a brass alloy excellent in tensile strength, elongation, dezincification resistance and machinability, and is suitable as a processed product requiring high strength and abrasion resistance, and forged products and A constituent material such as a cast product is used. It can safely replace alloy copper containing a large amount of lead, and fully meets the requirements of human society for the restriction of lead-containing products.
  • a lead alloy having a low lead-free, non-silicon-free machinability (hereinafter referred to as the invention 1), comprising copper, which is 60-65 wt% of the total weight of the brass alloy, 0.1-0.25 wt% of lead, 0. 1-0. 7wt% of aluminum, 0. 05-0. 5wt% of tin, the remainder being zinc.
  • the content of lead is lowered to 0.1 to 0.25% by weight
  • the content of copper is controlled to be 60 to 65 wt%, and a small amount of aluminum and tin are added to improve the machinability of the alloy.
  • the metallographic structure of the alloy mainly includes ⁇ phase, ⁇ phase, Y phase, and soft and brittle intermetallic compounds distributed in grain boundaries or grains, in which copper and zinc constitute the main components of the brass alloy.
  • tin to the alloy forms a Y phase, which improves the machinability of the alloy, and the addition of tin significantly increases the strength of the alloy, improves its plasticity, and enhances corrosion resistance.
  • the cost is high. Therefore, adding aluminum while adding tin can improve the alloy's machinability, and also improve alloy strength, wear resistance, casting fluidity and high temperature oxidation resistance. The above effects are well exerted, and the contents of tin and aluminum are 0.05-0.5% and 0.1-0.7% by weight, respectively.
  • a low-lead, non-silicon-free, silicon-free machinable brass alloy (hereinafter referred to as invention 2), including yellow
  • the total weight of the copper alloy 60-65 wt% of copper, 0. 1- 0. 25wt% of lead, 0. 1- 0. 7wt% of aluminum, 0. 05- 0. 5wt% of tin, and 0. 05-0 5wt% of manganese and / or 0. 05-0. 3wt% of phosphorus, the remainder is zinc.
  • the inventive article 2 is further added with 0. 05-0. 3wt% phosphorus and/or 0. 05-0. 5wt% manganese, although phosphorus cannot form the Y phase, but phosphorus has The Y phase has a well-distributed function, thereby improving the machinability of the alloy.
  • the Y phase will disperse the crystal grains of the main ⁇ phase, which improves the casting properties and corrosion resistance of the alloy.
  • the content of phosphorus is less than 0.05% by weight, the effect is not exerted, but when the content of phosphorus is more than 0.3% by weight, the casting property and corrosion resistance are lowered.
  • the effect of the action is saturated when the content of the manganese is less than 0. 05% by weight. value.
  • a low-lead, non-silicon-free, silicon-free machinable brass alloy (hereinafter referred to as the invention 3), including copper, which is 60-65 wt% of the total weight of the brass alloy, 0.1-0.25 wt% of lead, 0 0-0. 05 ⁇
  • Inventive 3 further adds a trace amount of boron to the invention 2, which can better inhibit the dezincification of the alloy, enhance its mechanical strength, and at the same time change the defect structure of the cuprous oxide film on the surface of the copper alloy, thereby making the cuprous oxide film more Uniform, compact, good anti-fouling performance.
  • the content of boron is less than 0.001% by weight, the above effect cannot be exerted, and when it is more than 0.01% by weight, the above properties are not further improved, so that the preferable content of boron is 0.001 to 0.01% by weight.
  • the content range of phosphorus and manganese is the same as that of the invention 2, and the reason is the same as that of the invention 2.
  • a low-lead, non-silicon-free, silicon-free machinable brass alloy (hereinafter referred to as the invention 4), comprising copper, which is 60-65 wt% of the total weight of the brass alloy, 0.1-0.25 wt% of lead, 0 001-0. 5 ⁇ % ⁇ 0. 00-0. 5 wt% of manganese, 0. 05-0. 5 wt% of manganese and 0. 001-0. 01wt% boron, the remainder is zinc.
  • a low-lead, non-silicon-free, silicon-free machinable brass alloy (hereinafter referred to as the invention 5), comprising copper, which is 60-65 wt% of the total weight of the brass alloy, 0. 1- 0. 25 wt% of lead, 0 001-0. 5 ⁇ % ⁇ 0. 00-0. 5 wt% of manganese, 0. 05-0. 5 wt% of manganese and 0. 001-0. 01 ⁇ % ⁇
  • the total weight of the brass alloy of 0. 25 wt% or less of nickel, 0. 15 wt% or less of chromium and / or 0.25 wt% or less iron.
  • the invention 5 includes on the basis of the invention 4 some unavoidable impurities, namely mechanical impurities nickel, chromium and/or iron.
  • a brass alloy having a low lead-free, non-silicon-free machinability comprising copper, which is 60-65 wt% of the total weight of the brass alloy, 0.1-0.25 wt% of lead, 0 001-0. 5 ⁇ % ⁇ 0. 00-0. 5 wt% of manganese, 0. 05-0. 5 wt% of manganese and 0. 001-0. 01 wt% of boron, the remainder being zinc, wherein the total content of aluminum, tin, phosphorus, manganese and boron does not exceed 2 wt% of the total weight of the brass alloy.
  • a low-lead, non-silicon-free, non-silicone-cut brass alloy (hereinafter referred to as the invention 7), including copper, which is 60-65 wt% of the total weight of the brass alloy, 0.1-0.25 wt% of lead, 0 001-0. 5 ⁇ % ⁇ 0. 00-0. 5 wt% of manganese, 0. 05-0. 5 wt% of manganese and 0. 001-0.
  • the total weight of aluminum, tin, phosphorus, manganese, and boron is 0.22% by weight based on the total weight of the brass alloy.
  • a low-lead, non-silicon-free, silicon-free machinable brass alloy (hereinafter referred to as the invention 8), comprising copper in an amount of 60-65 wt%, 0. 1-0. 25 wt% of lead, and 5% ⁇
  • the total weight of the total weight of the brass alloy is 0. 1- 0. 7wt% of the aluminum, 0. 05- 0. 5wt% of the tin, 0. 05- 0. 3wt% of the phosphorus, 0. 05-0. 5 wt% of manganese and 0. 001-0. 0 ⁇ % of boron, the remainder being zinc.
  • the addition of aluminum, tin, phosphorus, manganese and/or boron is selected according to the requirements of different products for the machinability.
  • the content of the content is the same as that of the invention 3, and the reason is also explained by the invention 3 The reason is the same.
  • a low-lead, non-silicon-free, silicon-free machinable brass alloy (hereinafter referred to as invention 9), including yellow
  • the invention 9 includes on the basis of the invention 8 some unavoidable impurities, namely mechanical impurities nickel, chromium and/or iron.
  • a lead alloy having a low lead-free, non-silicon-free machinability (hereinafter referred to as the invention 10), comprising copper, which is 60-65 wt% of the total weight of the brass alloy, 0.1-0.25 wt% of lead, 0. 05- 0. 5wt% of tin and 0. 05-0. 3wt% of phosphorus, the remainder being zinc.
  • the interval of phosphorus content in the invention 10 and its effect and the invention 2 although phosphorus cannot form the Y phase, phosphorus has a function of making the Y phase distribution well, and the addition of phosphorus after the Y phase will make the main ⁇ phase
  • the crystal particles are dispersed to improve the casting properties and corrosion resistance of the alloy. Therefore, even without aluminum, the need for machinability under normal production conditions can be met.
  • a lead alloy having a low lead-free, non-silicon-free machinability comprising copper, which is 60-65 wt% of the total weight of the brass alloy, 0.1-0.25 wt% of lead, 0. 5wt% ⁇ , 0. 05-0. 5wt ⁇ 5wt% of the tin and 0. 05-0. 3wt% of the phosphorus, and more than two selected from the total weight of the brass alloy 0. l-0. 7wt% of the aluminum, 0. 05-0. 5wt % of manganese and 0. 001-0. 01wt% of boron element, the remainder being zinc.
  • a lead alloy having a low lead-free, non-silicon-free machinability comprising copper, which is 60-65 wt% of the total weight of the brass alloy, 0.1-0.25 wt% of lead, 0. 5wt% ⁇ , 0. 05-0. 5wt ⁇ 5wt% of the tin and 0. 05-0. 3wt% of the phosphorus, and more than two selected from the total weight of the brass alloy 0. l-0. 7wt% of the aluminum, 0. 05-0. 5wt ⁇ 0. 15 wt% ⁇
  • the total weight of the brass alloy is less than 0. 25 wt% of nickel, 0. 15 wt% or less, and the remainder is zinc and an unavoidable impurity. Chrome and / or 0. 25 wt% or less of iron.
  • the invention 12 includes some unavoidable impurities on the basis of the invention 11, namely mechanical impurities nickel, chromium and/or iron.
  • the present invention further provides a method for producing a brass alloy. Taking the invention 3 as an example, the following steps are included:
  • a copper-manganese alloy is provided as a source of copper and manganese elements.
  • the melting furnace used is a high-frequency melting furnace, and the high-frequency melting furnace is lined with graphite crucible.
  • the high frequency melting furnace has the characteristics of fast melting rate, fast heating, clean and pollution-free, and self-stirring (ie, affected by magnetic lines).
  • DRAWINGS 1 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing the invention 3.
  • the anti-dezincification corrosion resistance test referred to herein is carried out in the form of as-cast according to the AS-2345-2006 specification, adding 12. 8g of copper chloride in 1000C.C deionized water, and placing the measured object therein for the time 24h, to determine the depth of dezincification.
  • represents dezincification depth less than ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
  • represents dezincification depth between 100 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m
  • the cutting rate is 0. 2mm / the cutting speed is 0. 2mm / the cutting speed is 0. 2mm / the same cutting speed and the same cutting amount, the cutting speed is 25m / min (m / min), the feed amount is 0. 2mm / r (mm/number of edges), cutting depth 0. 5mm, test rod diameter 20mm, and based on C36000 alloy material, the relative cutting rate is obtained by measuring the cutting resistance.
  • Relative cutting rate cutting resistance of C36000 alloy material / sample cutting resistance.
  • represents a relative cutting rate greater than 85%; ⁇ represents a relative cutting rate greater than 70%.
  • the tensile strength and elongation tests referred to herein were all tested in the as-cast condition at room temperature.
  • the comparative sample is a lead-containing yellow brass of the same specification and the same specification, that is, a C36000 alloy.
  • the composition ratio of C36000 alloy material is as follows, the unit is weight percentage (wt%): Material No. Copper (Cu) Zinc (Zn) bismuth (Bi) bismuth (Sb) Manganese (Mn) Aluminum (A1) Tin (Sn) Lead (Pb) Iron (Fe)
  • Step S100 Providing copper and manganese.
  • a copper-manganese alloy can be provided as a source for providing the copper and manganese elements.
  • Step S102 heating and heating the copper-manganese mother alloy, and heating the temperature to between 1000 and 1050 ° C, so that the copper-manganese mother alloy forms a copper-manganese alloy melt.
  • the copper-manganese alloy can be added to a high-frequency melting furnace, and the melting temperature is raised in the melting furnace to raise the temperature to between 1000-1050 ° C, even up to 1100 ° C, and the process lasts for 5-10 minutes.
  • Step S104 lowering the temperature of the copper-manganese alloy melt to between 950 and 1000 °C. In this step, when the temperature in the melting furnace is raised to between 1000 and 1050 ° C, when it lasts for 5-10 minutes, the power of the high frequency melting furnace is turned off, and the temperature in the melting furnace is lowered to 950-1000 ° C, and The copper-manganese alloy melt is also kept molten.
  • Step S106 covering the surface of the glass slag-forming agent rice on the copper-manganese alloy melt.
  • the glass slagging agent is coated on the surface of the copper-manganese alloy melt at 950-1000 ° C.
  • This step can effectively block the contact of the liquid with air and prevent the zinc to be added in the next step at 950-1000 ° C. Boiling volatilization occurs due to high temperature melting.
  • Step S108 adding zinc to the copper-manganese alloy melt to form a copper-manganese-zinc melt.
  • Step S110 removing slag from the copper manganese zinc melt.
  • the copper manganese zinc melt can be first passed. After the effect of excessively high frequency induction is stirred and mixed, the slag forming agent is picked up. Then, the slag removing agent is used for the slag removing operation.
  • Step S112 adding lead, aluminum, tin to copper manganese zinc melt to form a molten metal.
  • a copper-lead mother alloy, a copper-aluminum mother alloy, and a copper-tin mother alloy may be added to the copper-manganese-zinc melt.
  • Step S114 Raising the temperature of the molten metal to between 1000 and 1050 ° C, and adding a copper boron alloy and a phosphor bronze alloy to form a low lead non-silicone-free brass alloy melt.
  • Step S116 The brass alloy melt is cast out to form a brass alloy.
  • the temperature of the tapping furnace is controlled between 1000-1050 ° C, and finally the brass alloy melt is discharged into a furnace to produce low lead, non-silicon and silicon-free, and has good processing performance.
  • Brass alloy with good dezincification resistance and good mechanical properties.
  • EXAMPLE 1 In Table 1-1, the invention 1 of five different components prepared according to the above process was numbered 1001-1005, and the units of each component were percentage by weight (wt%).
  • the alloys of the above components are tested in the as-cast form at room temperature for cutting performance, dezincification resistance, tensile strength and elongation.
  • the comparative samples are lead-containing brass of the same specification and the same specification.
  • Table 2-1 there are five different components of the invention 2 prepared according to the above process, numbered 2001-2005, and each component is in weight percent (wt%).
  • the alloys of the above components are tested in the as-cast form at room temperature for cutting performance, dezincification resistance, tensile strength and elongation.
  • the comparative samples are lead-containing brass of the same specification and the same specification.
  • the tensile strength, elongation, cutting performance and resistance to dezincification corrosion are as follows: No. Tensile strength elongation (%) Dezincification layer relative cutting rate (N/mm 2 )
  • the alloys of the above components are tested in the as-cast form at room temperature for cutting performance, dezincification resistance, tensile strength and elongation.
  • the comparative samples are lead-containing brass of the same specification and the same specification.
  • the tensile strength, elongation, cutting performance and resistance to dezincification corrosion are as follows: No. Tensile strength elongation (%) Dezincification layer relative cutting rate (N/mm 2 )
  • Example 4 shows the inventive compositions 4 of 8 different compositions prepared according to the above process, numbered 4001-4008, and each component is in weight percent (wt%).
  • the alloys of the above components are tested in the as-cast form at room temperature for cutting performance, dezincification resistance, tensile strength and elongation.
  • the comparative samples are lead-containing brass of the same specification and the same specification.
  • the tensile strength, elongation, cutting performance and resistance to dezincification corrosion are as follows: No. Tensile strength elongation (%) Dezincification layer relative cutting rate
  • Table 5-1 shows the inventive compositions 5 of 8 different compositions prepared according to the above process, numbered 5001-5008, and the components are in weight percent (wt%).
  • Table 5-1 The alloys of the above components are tested in the as-cast form at room temperature for cutting performance, dezincification resistance, tensile strength and elongation.
  • the comparative samples are lead-containing brass of the same specification and the same specification.
  • the alloys of the above components are tested in the as-cast form at room temperature for cutting performance, dezincification resistance, tensile strength and elongation.
  • the comparative samples are lead-containing brass of the same specification and the same specification.
  • Example 7 In Table 7-1, there are eight different components of Invention 7 prepared according to the above process, numbered 7001-7008, and each component is in weight percent (wt%).
  • the alloys of the above components are tested in the as-cast form at room temperature for cutting performance, dezincification resistance, tensile strength and elongation.
  • the comparative samples are lead-containing brass of the same specification and the same specification.
  • Example 8 Table 8-1 shows Invention 8 of 8 different compositions prepared according to the above process, numbered 8001-8008, and each component is in weight percent (wt%).
  • the alloys of the above components are tested in the as-cast form at room temperature for cutting performance, dezincification resistance, tensile strength and elongation.
  • the comparative samples are lead-containing brass of the same specification and the same specification.
  • the alloys of the above components are tested in the as-cast form at room temperature for cutting performance, dezincification resistance, tensile strength and elongation.
  • the comparative samples are lead-containing brass of the same specification and the same specification.
  • Example 11 In Table 11-1, the inventions 11 of the eight different compositions prepared according to the above process are numbered 11001-11008, and the units of each component are percentage by weight (wt%).
  • the alloys of the above components are tested in the as-cast form at room temperature for cutting performance, dezincification resistance, tensile strength and elongation.
  • the comparative samples are lead-containing brass of the same specification and the same specification.
  • a high-frequency melting furnace is used to produce a mechanical processing property comparable to known lead-containing brass, and good tensile strength, elongation, and dezincification resistance. Good, easy to cut, and low in lead, suitable for use as an alloying material for known lead-containing brass, such as faucets or bathroom accessories.
  • the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of protection is subject to the terms of the claims.

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Abstract

一种低铅无铋无硅的黄铜合金,包括:占黄铜合金总重量60—65wt%的铜、0.1-0.25wt%的铅、0.1—0.7wt%的铝、0.05-0.5wt%的锡,及一种以上选自占黄铜合金总重量0.05-0.3wt%的磷、0.05-0.5wt%的锰和0.001-0.01wt%的硼的元素,剩余部分为锌,具有良好的切削性。

Description

低铅无铋无硅黄铜 技术领域
本发明涉及一种低铅黄铜合金, 特别是有关于一种兼具易切削抗脱锌的 黄铜合金材料。 说
背景技术
一般作为加工用的黄铜, 会添加锌金属的比例为 38-42%。为了让黄铜更 好加工, 黄铜里面通常有 2〜3 %的铅以增加强度与加工性。 含铅黄铜具有优 良成形性 (容易制作各种形状产品)、切削性和耐磨耗性被广泛应用于各种形状 的机械加工零件, 在铜行业中占有较大的比例, 是书世界上公认的重要基础材 料。 但是, 含铅黄铜在生产或使用过程中, 容易发生铅以固态或气态的形式 溶出, 医学研究指出, 铅对人体造血和神经系统特别是儿童的肾脏及其他器 官的损害较大。 世界各国均很重视铅造成的污染和引起的危害, 美国国家卫 生基金会(National Sanitation Foundation, NSF)将铅元素容许量定为 0.25 % 以下, 欧盟的危害性物质限制指令 ( Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive, RoHS)等都相继规定, 限制和禁止含高铅黄铜的使用。
另夕卜,当黄铜中的锌含量超过 20wt%时,易发生脱锌 (dezincification)之腐 蚀现象, 特别是当该黄铜接触高氯离子的环境, 例如海水环境时, 会加速脱 锌腐蚀现象的发生。 由于脱锌作用会严重破坏黄铜合金之结构, 使黄铜制品 的表层强度降低, 甚或导致黄铜管穿孔, 大幅缩短黄铜制品的使用寿命, 并 造成应用上的问题。
因此, 便有需要提供一种可替代含高量铅黄铜, 并可达到抗脱锌腐蚀, 但仍须兼顾铸造性能、 锻造性、 切削性、 耐腐蚀性与机械性质的合金配方, 以解决前述的问题。
发明内容 由现有技术可知,硅在合金金相组织中会以 Y相形式出现(有时为 κ相), 此时硅可以在一定程度上取代铅在合金中的作用, 提高合金的切削性。 合金 的切削性随着硅的含量增加而提高, 但硅的熔点高, 比重低, 且易氧化, 因 此合金熔融过程中将硅单体加入炉内后, 硅浮于合金表面, 当合金熔融时硅 会被氧化成氧化硅或其他氧化物, 不易制得含硅的铜合金, 而如果以 Cu-Si 合金的方式添加硅, 经济成本较高。
而添加铋取代铅可成为合金组织中切削断点, 来增加切削性, 但是铋含 量过高则锻造时容易产生热裂, 不利于生产。
故本发明目的在于提供一种抗拉强度、 延伸率、 抗脱锌性佳和切削性等 性能优异的黄铜合金, 适合作为需要高强度、 耐磨损性的切削加工品, 以及 锻造品和铸造制品等的构成材料使用。 可安全地取代含有大量铅的合金铜, 且完全符合人类社会发展对含铅产品限制的诉求。
为了达成上述目的而提案以下低铅无铋无硅黄铜合金。
一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金(以下简称发明物 1 ), 包括占黄 铜合金总重量 60- 65wt%的铜、 0. 1- 0. 25wt%的铅、 0. 1- 0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05-0. 5wt%的锡, 剩余部分为锌。
本发明物 1 在把铅的含量降至 0. l-0. 25wt%后, 控制铜的含量在 60-65wt%, 添加少量的铝和锡来改善合金的切削性。 该合金的金相组织主要 包括 α相, β相, Y相, 及分布在晶界或晶粒内软而脆的金属间化合物, 其 中铜和锌构成黄铜合金的主要成分。
在合金中添加锡能够形成 Y相, 以此提高合金的切削性, 且锡的加入明 显地提高了合金的强度, 并使其塑性得到改善, 抗腐蚀性增强。 但是考虑到 添加锡会使得成本较高, 故在添加锡的同时添加铝, 除了改善合金的切削性 外, 也能够提高合金强度、 耐磨损性、 铸造流动性及耐高温氧化性, 为了较 好地发挥上述作用, 锡和铝的含量分别为 0.05-0.5\^%和 0.1-0.7wt%。
一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金(以下简称发明物 2), 包括占黄 铜合金总重量 60- 65wt%的铜、 0. 1- 0. 25wt%的铅、 0. 1- 0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05- 0. 5wt%的锡,及 0. 05-0. 5wt%的锰和 /或 0. 05-0. 3wt%的磷,剩余部分为 锌。
相比较, 发明物 2在发明物 1的基础上进一步加入 0. 05-0. 3wt%的磷和 / 或 0. 05-0. 5wt%的锰, 磷虽然无法形成 Y相, 但是磷具有使 Y相分布良好的 功能, 由此提高合金的切削性。 同时添加磷后 Y相将使主要的 α相的结晶粒 分散, 提高了合金的铸造性能、 耐腐蚀性。 当磷的含量低于 0. 05wt%时, 无 法发挥其作用, 但是磷的含量高于 0. 3wt%时, 反而会使铸造性能、 耐腐蚀性 降低。 而添加锰则有助于抗脱锌性及铸造流动性, 当锰的含量低于 0. 05wt% 则无法有效的发挥其作用, 且其含量为 0. 5^%时其作用的发挥达到饱和值。
一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金(以下简称发明物 3), 包括占黄 铜合金总重量 60-65 wt%的铜、 0. 1- 0. 25wt%的铅、 0. 1- 0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05-0. 5wt%的锡, 及一种以上选自占黄铜合金总重量 0. 05-0. 3wt%的磷、 0. 05-0. 5 wt%的锰和 0. 001-0. 01wt%的硼的元素, 剩余部分为锌。
发明物 3在发明物 2的基础上进一步加入微量的硼, 能更好的抑制合金 脱锌, 增强其机械强度, 同时能改变铜合金表面氧化亚铜膜的缺陷结构, 使 氧化亚铜膜更均匀, 致密, 抗污性能好。 硼的含量低于 0.001wt%时不能发挥 上述作用, 而高于 0.01wt%时上述性能也无法进一步提高, 故硼的较佳的含 量为 0.001-0.01wt%。 磷和锰的含量区间与发明物 2—致, 其理由与发明物 2 的理由相同。
一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金(以下简称发明物 4), 包括占黄 铜合金总重量 60-65 wt%的铜、 0. 1- 0. 25wt%的铅、 0. 1- 0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05- 0. 5wt%的锡、 0. 05- 0. 3wt%的磷、 0. 05-0. 5 wt%的锰和 0. 001-0. 01wt% 的硼, 剩余部分为锌。
铅、 铝、 锡、 磷、 锰和硼元素在黄铜合金中的作用已在上文中论述, 黄 铜合金中同时加入这些元素, 能够更好的提高合金的机械性能, 满足高要求 产品的需要。
一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金(以下简称发明物 5), 包括占黄 铜合金总重量 60-65 wt%的铜、 0. 1- 0. 25wt%的铅、 0. 1- 0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05- 0. 5wt%的锡、 0. 05- 0. 3wt%的磷、 0. 05-0. 5 wt%的锰和 0. 001-0. 01wt% 的硼,剩余部分为锌及不可避免的杂质,其中包括占黄铜合金总重量 0. 25 wt% 以下的镍、 0. 15 wt%以下的铬和 /或 0. 25 wt%以下的铁。
发明物 5在发明物 4的基础上包括了一些不可避免的杂质, 即机械杂质 镍、 铬和 /或铁。
一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金(以下简称发明物 6), 包括占黄 铜合金总重量 60-65 wt%的铜、 0. 1- 0. 25wt%的铅、 0. 1- 0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05- 0. 5wt%的锡、 0. 05- 0. 3wt%的磷、 0. 05-0. 5 wt%的锰和 0. 001-0. 01wt% 的硼, 剩余部分为锌, 其中铝、 锡、 磷、 锰和硼的总含量不超过该黄铜合金 总重量的 2wt%。
一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金(以下简称发明物 7), 包括占黄 铜合金总重量 60-65 wt%的铜、 0. 1- 0. 25wt%的铅、 0. 1- 0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05- 0. 5wt%的锡、 0. 05- 0. 3wt%的磷、 0. 05-0. 5 wt%的锰和 0. 001-0. 01wt% 的硼, 剩余部分为锌, 其中铝、 锡、 磷、 锰和硼的总含量占该黄铜合金总重 量的 0. 2- 2wt%。
一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金(以下简称发明物 8), 包括占黄 铜合金总重量 60-65 wt%的铜、 0. 1-0. 25wt%的铅, 及两种以上选自占黄铜合 金总重量 0. 1- 0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05- 0. 5wt%的锡、 0. 05- 0. 3wt%的磷、 0. 05-0. 5 wt%的锰和 0. 001-0. 0^^%的硼, 剩余部分为锌。
其中铝、 锡、 磷、 锰和 /或硼的添加与否是根据不同的产品对于切削性要 求的高低来选择, 其含量所取区间与发明物 3—致, 理由也与发明物 3所阐 述的理由相同。
一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金(以下简称发明物 9), 包括占黄 铜合金总重量 60-65 wt%的铜、 0. 1-0. 25wt%的铅, 及两种以上选自占黄铜合 金总重量 0. 1- 0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05- 0. 5wt%的锡、 0. 05- 0. 3wt%的磷、 0. 05-0. 5 wt%的锰和 0. 001-0. 01wt%的硼, 剩余部分为锌及不可避免的杂质, 其中包括 占黄铜合金总重量 0. 25 wt%以下的镍、 0. 15 wt%以下的铬和 /或 0. 25 wt%以 下的铁。
发明物 9在发明物 8的基础上包括了一些不可避免的杂质, 即机械杂质 镍、 铬和 /或铁。
一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金(以下简称发明物 10), 包括占黄 铜合金总重量 60- 65wt%的铜、 0. 1- 0. 25wt%的铅、 0. 05- 0. 5wt%的锡和 0. 05-0. 3wt%的磷, 剩余部分为锌。
发明物 10中磷含量所取区间及其作用和发明物 2—致,磷虽然无法形成 Y相, 但是磷具有使 Y相分布良好的功能, 同时添加磷后 Y相将使主要的 α 相的结晶粒分散, 提高了合金的铸造性能、 耐腐蚀性。 故即使没有铝也能满 足通常生产情况下对于切削性的需要。
一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金(以下简称发明物 11 ), 包括占黄 铜合金总重量 60- 65wt%的铜、 0. 1- 0. 25wt%的铅、 0. 05- 0. 5wt%的锡和 0. 05-0. 3wt%的磷, 及两种以上选自占黄铜合金总重量 0. l-0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05-0. 5wt%的锰和 0. 001-0. 01wt%的硼的元素, 剩余部分为锌。
其中铝、 锰和或硼的添加与否是根据不同的产品对于切削性要求的高低 来选择, 其含量所取区间与发明物 3—致, 理由也与发明物 3所阐述的理由 相同。
一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金(以下简称发明物 12), 包括占黄 铜合金总重量 60- 65wt%的铜、 0. 1- 0. 25wt%的铅、 0. 05- 0. 5wt%的锡和 0. 05-0. 3wt%的磷, 及两种以上选自占黄铜合金总重量 0. l-0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05-0. 5wt%的锰和 0. 001-0. 01wt%的硼的元素, 剩余部分为锌及不可避免的 杂质, 其中包括占黄铜合金总重量 0. 25 wt%以下的镍、 0. 15 wt%以下的铬和 /或 0. 25 wt%以下的铁。
发明物 12在发明物 11的基础上包括了一些不可避免的杂质, 即机械杂 质镍、 铬和 /或铁。
本发明进一步提供一种黄铜合金的制造方法, 以发明物 3为例, 包括下 列步骤:
1 )提供铜和锰并升温至 1000-1050°C , 使该铜及该锰形成一铜锰合金熔 液;
2) 降低该铜锰合金熔液的温度至 950-1000°C ;
3)覆盖一玻璃造渣剂于该铜锰合金熔液的表面;
4)添加锌至该铜锰合金熔液内, 而形成一铜锰锌熔液;
5)对该铜锰锌熔液进行除渣, 添加铅、 铝、 锡至黄铜合金材料熔液内, 而形成一金属熔液;
6)升高该金属熔液的温度至 1000-1050°C ,并添加硼铜合金、磷铜合金、 而形成一低铅无铋无硅黄铜合金熔液;
7)该黄铜合金熔液出炉铸造而形成该黄铜合金材料。
优选的是, 上述制造方法中, 提供铜锰合金作为铜、 锰元素的来源。 优选的是, 上述制造方法中, 所用的熔解炉为高周波熔解炉, 且所述高 周波熔解炉内以石墨坩埚为炉衬。
高周波熔解炉具有熔解速率快、 升温快、 洁净无污染及熔解过程可自行 搅拌(即受磁力线影响)等特性。
本发明中所述的低铅无铋无硅黄铜合金, 经由各种不同物质依一定比例 添加后, 再经高周波熔解炉而制造出与已知含铅黄铜相当的机械加工性能, 以及良好的抗拉强度、 延伸率、 抗脱锌性佳, 并且不含高量铅, 适合作为取 代已知含铅黄铜合金材料而用于制造产品,例如水龙头或卫浴用品的零配件。
附图说明 图 1为发明物 3的制造方法流程图。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明的技术方案, 下面将通过实施例的方式对本发 明的技术进行描述。
本发明的范围不旨在限于所述示范性实施例。(相关领域以及获悉本公开 内容的技术人员将联想到的)此处说明的本发明特征的变更和另外改动以及 此处说明的本发明原理的其它应用被认为是在本发明范围之内。
本发明数值描述中的以上、 以下均表示包括本数。
本文中所指的抗脱锌腐蚀性能测试是以铸态的形式按照 AS-2345-2006 规范进行, 以 1000C. C去离子水加入 12. 8g氯化铜, 并将实测物放置其中, 时间为 24h, 以测得脱锌深度。 ©代表脱锌深度小于 ΙΟΟ μ πι; 〇代表脱锌深 度介于 100 μ m及 200 μ m之间; 以及 代表脱锌深度大于 200 μ m。 本文中所指的切削性能测试是以铸态的形式进行, 采用相同的刀具, 相 同切削速度和相同进刀量, 切削速度为 25m/min (米 /分钟), 进刀量为 0. 2mm/r (毫米 /每刀刃数), 切削深度 0. 5mm, 试棒直径为 20mm, 并以 C36000 合金材料为基准, 经由量测切削阻力求得相对切削率。
相对切削率 =C36000合金材料的切削阻力 /试样切削阻力。
©代表相对切削率大于 85% ; 〇代表相对切削率大于 70%。 本文中所指的抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 均以铸态的形式在室温下进行 拉伸测试。 延伸率即试样拉伸断裂后标距段的总变形 与原标距长度 L之 比的百分数: S = A L/L X 100%。 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄黄铜, 即 C36000合金。 其中 C36000合金材料成份配比实测如下, 单位为重量百分比 (wt%): 材料编号 铜 (Cu)锌 (Zn)铋 (Bi)锑 (Sb)锰 (Mn)铝 (A1)锡 (Sn)铅 (Pb)铁 (Fe)
C36000 60.53 36.26 0 0 0 0 0.12 2.97 0.12 合金材料
图 1为发明物 3的制造方法流程图, 包括下列步骤: 步骤 S100: 提供铜及锰。 在本步骤中, 可提供铜锰合金作为提供该铜及 锰元素的来源。 步骤 S102: 对铜锰母合金进行加热升温, 并升温到 1000-1050°C之间, 使铜锰母合金形成一铜锰合金熔液。 在本步骤中, 可将该铜锰合金加入高周 波熔解炉, 并在熔解炉内进行熔解升温, 将温度升到 1000-1050°C之间, 甚 至高达 1100°C , 其过程持续 5-10分钟, 使铜锰合金熔解成一铜锰合金熔液。 上述的动作可避免因温度太高而使铜锰熔解的液体吸收大量的外界气体, 导 致成型的合金材料产生裂化作用。 步骤 S104: 降低铜锰合金熔液的温度至 950-1000°C之间。 在本步骤中, 当熔解炉内升温至 1000-1050°C之间, 当持续 5-10分钟时, 关闭高周波熔解 炉的电源, 使熔解炉内的温度下降至 950-1000°C , 同时该铜锰合金熔液还保 持熔融状态。 步骤 S106: 覆盖玻璃造渣剂稻于铜锰合金熔液的表面。 在本步骤中, 将 玻璃造渣剂覆盖于 950-1000°C的铜锰合金熔液的表面, 此步骤可有效阻隔液 体与空气接触, 并防止下一步所要添加的锌在 950-1000°C之间因高温熔解而 产生沸腾挥发。 步骤 S108: 添加锌至铜锰合金熔液内, 而形成一铜锰锌熔液。 在本步骤 中, 添加锌至熔解炉内, 并使沉入铜锰合金熔液, 使锌与铜锰合金熔液之间 充分熔解, 而形成一铜锰锌熔液。 步骤 S110: 对铜锰锌熔液进行除渣。 在本步骤中, 可先将铜锰锌熔液通 过高周波感应的作用予以搅拌混合后, 再将造渣剂捞起。 然后再使用除渣剂 进行除渣动作。
步骤 S112: 添加铅、 铝、 锡至铜锰锌熔液内, 而形成一金属熔液。 在本 步骤中, 可添加铜铅母合金、 铜铝母合金、 铜锡母合金至铜锰锌熔液内。
步骤 S114: 升高金属熔液的温度至 1000-1050°C之间, 并添加铜硼合金 和磷铜合金, 而形成低铅无铋无硅黄铜合金熔液。
步骤 S116: 将黄铜合金熔液出炉铸造而形成黄铜合金。 在本步骤中, 均 匀搅拌该黄铜合金熔液后, 将出炉温度控制在 1000-1050°C之间, 最后再将 该黄铜合金熔液出炉铸造出低铅无铋无硅、 加工性能良好、 耐脱锌且机械性 能均佳的黄铜合金。
实施例 1 表 1-1中为按照上述工艺制得的 5种不同组分的发明物 1, 编号分别为 1001-1005, 各组分单位为重量百分比(wt%)。
表卜 1
Figure imgf000011_0001
对上述组分的合金以铸态的形式在室温下进行切削性能、 抗脱锌腐蚀性 能、 抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄铜, 即
C36000合金。 抗拉强度、 延伸率、 切削性能及抗脱锌腐蚀性能实验结果如下:
Figure imgf000012_0001
实施例 2
表 2-1中为按照上述工艺制得的 5种不同组分的发明物 2, 编号分别为 2001-2005, 各组分单位为重量百分比(wt%)。
表 2-1
Figure imgf000012_0002
对上述组分的合金以铸态的形式在室温下进行切削性能、 抗脱锌腐蚀性 能、 抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄铜, 即
C36000合金。
抗拉强度、 延伸率、 切削性能及抗脱锌腐蚀性能实验结果如下: 编号 抗 拉 强 度 延伸率(%) 脱锌层 相对切削率 (N/mm2)
2001 338 23 ◎ ◎
2002 307 19 ◎ ◎
2003 375 3 1 〇 ◎
2004 381 29 ◎ ◎
2005 308 17 〇 ◎
C36000合金 394 9 ◎
实施例 3 表 3-1中为按照上述工艺制得的 8种不同组分的发明物 3, 编号分别为 3001-3008, 各组分单位为重量百分比(wt%)。
表 3-1
Figure imgf000013_0001
对上述组分的合金以铸态的形式在室温下进行切削性能、 抗脱锌腐蚀性 能、 抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄铜, 即
C36000合金。
抗拉强度、 延伸率、 切削性能及抗脱锌腐蚀性能实验结果如下: 编号 抗 拉 强 度 延伸率(%) 脱锌层 相对切削率 (N/mm2)
3001 348 19 ◎ ◎
3002 359 17 ◎ ◎
3003 385 15 ◎ ◎
3004 379 26 ◎ ◎
3005 389 1 8 ◎ ◎
3006 392 27 ◎ ◎
3007 311 39 ◎ ◎
3008 303 30 ◎ ◎
C36000合金 394 9 ◎ 实施例 4 表 4-1中为按照上述工艺制得的 8种不同组分的发明物 4, 编号分别为 4001-4008, 各组分单位为重量百分比(wt%)。
表 4-1
Figure imgf000014_0001
对上述组分的合金以铸态的形式在室温下进行切削性能、 抗脱锌腐蚀性 能、 抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄铜, 即
C36000合金。
抗拉强度、 延伸率、 切削性能及抗脱锌腐蚀性能实验结果如下: 编号 抗 拉 强 度 延伸率(%) 脱锌层 相对切削率
(N/mm2)
4001 302 29 ◎ ◎
4002 319 19 ◎ ◎
4003 383 23 ◎ ◎
4004 344 26 ◎ ◎
4005 389 27 ◎ ◎
4006 332 37 ◎ ◎
4007 311 39 ◎ ◎
4008 303 20 ◎ ◎
C36000合金 394 9 ◎ 实施例 5 表 5-1中为按照上述工艺制得的 8种不同组分的发明物 5, 编号分别为 5001-5008, 各组分单位为重量百分比(wt%)。
表 5-1
Figure imgf000015_0001
对上述组分的合金以铸态的形式在室温下进行切削性能、 抗脱锌腐蚀性 能、 抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄铜, 即
C36000合金。 抗拉强度、 延伸率、 切削性能及抗脱锌腐蚀性能实验结果如下:
Figure imgf000016_0001
实施例 6 表 6-1中为按照上述工艺制得的 8种不同组分的发明物 6, 编号分别为 6001-6008, 各组分单位为重量百分比(wt%)。
表 6-1
Figure imgf000016_0002
对上述组分的合金以铸态的形式在室温下进行切削性能、 抗脱锌腐蚀性 能、 抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄铜, 即
C36000合金。 抗拉强度、 延伸率、 切削性能及抗脱锌腐蚀性能实验结果如下:
Figure imgf000017_0001
实施例 7 表 7-1中为按照上述工艺制得的 8种不同组分的发明物 7, 编号分别为 7001-7008, 各组分单位为重量百分比(wt%)。
表 7-1
Figure imgf000017_0002
对上述组分的合金以铸态的形式在室温下进行切削性能、 抗脱锌腐蚀性 能、 抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄铜, 即
C36000合金。 抗拉强度、 延伸率、 切削性能及抗脱锌腐蚀性能实验结果如下:
Figure imgf000018_0001
实施例 8 表 8-1中为按照上述工艺制得的 8种不同组分的发明物 8, 编号分别为 8001-8008, 各组分单位为重量百分比(wt%)。
表 8-1
Figure imgf000018_0002
对上述组分的合金以铸态的形式在室温下进行切削性能、 抗脱锌腐蚀性 能、 抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄铜, 即
C36000合金。 抗拉强度、 延伸率、 切削性能及抗脱锌腐蚀性能实验结果如下:
Figure imgf000019_0001
实施例 9
表 9-1中为按照上述工艺制得的 8种不同组分的发明物 9, 编号分别为 9001-9008, 各组分单位为重量百分比(wt%)。 表 9-1
Figure imgf000019_0002
对上述组分的合金以铸态的形式在室温下进行切削性能、 抗脱锌腐蚀性 能、 抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄铜, 即
C36000合金。 抗拉强度、 延伸率、 切削性能及抗脱锌腐蚀性能实验结果如下:
Figure imgf000020_0001
实施例 10 表 10-1中为按照上述工艺制得的 5种不同组分的发明物 10, 编号分别 为 10001-10005, 各组分单位为重量百分比(wt%)。
表 10-1
Figure imgf000020_0002
对上述组分的合金以铸态的形式在室温下进行切削性能、 抗脱锌腐蚀性 能、 抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄铜, 即
C36000合金。 抗拉强度、 延伸率、 切削性能及抗脱锌腐蚀性能实验结果如下: 编号 抗 拉 强 度 延伸率(%) 脱锌层 相对切削率
(N/mm2)
10001 300 29 ◎ ◎
10002 337 19 ◎ ◎
10003 389 33 ◎ ◎
10004 364 26 ◎ ◎
10005 379 27 ◎ ◎
C36000合金 394 9 ◎ 实施例 11 表 11-1中为按照上述工艺制得的 8种不同组分的发明物 11, 编号分别 为 11001-11008, 各组分单位为重量百分比 (wt%)。
表 1卜 1
Figure imgf000021_0001
对上述组分的合金以铸态的形式在室温下进行切削性能、 抗脱锌腐蚀性 能、 抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄铜, 即
C36000合金。 抗拉强度、 延伸率、 切削性能及抗脱锌腐蚀性能实验结果如下:
Figure imgf000022_0001
实施例 12
表 12-1中为按照上述工艺制得的 8种不同组分的发明物 12, 编号分别 为 12001-12008, 各组分单位为重量百分比 (wt%)。
表 12- 1
Figure imgf000022_0002
对上述组分的合金以铸态的形式在室温下进行切削性能、 抗脱锌腐蚀性 能、 抗拉强度及延伸率的测试, 对比试样为同状态同规格的含铅黄铜, 即
C36000合金。 抗拉强度、 延伸率、 切削性能及抗脱锌腐蚀性能实验结果如下:
Figure imgf000023_0001
由上述可知, 经由各种不同物质依一定比例添加后, 再经高周波熔解炉 而制造出与已知含铅黄铜相当之机械加工性能, 以及良好的抗拉强度、 延伸 率、 抗脱锌性佳、 易切削, 并且含铅量低, 适合作为取代已知含铅黄铜的合 金材料而用于制造产品, 例如水龙头或卫浴用品的零配件。 虽然本发明以实施方式揭露如上, 然其并非用以限定本发明, 任何熟悉 此项技术的人员, 在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内, 可作各种的改动与润饰, 因此本发明的保护范围当以权利要求书所定为准。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1.一种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金, 其特征在于, 包括: 占黄铜 合金总重量 60- 65wt%的铜、 0. 1- 0. 25wt%的铅、 0. 1- 0. 7wt%的铝、 和 0. 05-0. 5wt%的锡, 剩余部分为锌。
2.如权利要求 1所述的低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金,其特征在于, 还包括占黄铜合金总重量 0. 05-0. 5wt%的锰和 /或 0. 05-0. 3wt%的磷。
3.如权利要求 1所述的低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金,其特征在于, 还包括一种以上选自占黄铜合金总重量 0. 05-0. 3wt%的磷、 0. 05-0. 5 %的 锰和 0. 001-0. 01wt%的硼的元素。
4.如权利要求 1所述的低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金,其特征在于, 还包括占黄铜合金总重量 0. 05-0. 3wt%的磷、 0. 05-0. 5wt%的锰和 0. 001- 0. 0^^%的硼。
5.如权利要求 4所述的低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金,其特征在于, 还包括不可避免的杂质,其中包括占黄铜合金总重量 0. 25 wt%以下的镍、 0. 15 wt%以下的铬和 /或 0. 25wt%以下的铁。
6. 如权利要求 4所述的低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金, 其特征在 于,其中,所述锰、铝、锡、磷和硼的总含量不超过该黄铜合金总重量的 2wt%。
7. 如权利要求 6所述的低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金, 其特征在 于, 其中, 所述锰、 铝、 锡、 磷和硼的总含量不少于该黄铜合金总重量的 0.1wt%。
8.—种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金, 其特征在于, 包括: 占黄铜 合金总重量 60-65wt%的铜、 0. 1-0. 25wt%的铅、 及两种以上选自占黄铜合金 总重量 0. 1-0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05-0. 5wt%的锡、 0. 05-0. 3wt%的磷、 0. 05-0. 5 wt% 的锰和 0. 001-0. 01wt%的硼的元素, 剩余部分为锌。
9.如权利要求 8所述的低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金,其特征在于, 还包括不可避免的杂质,其中包含占黄铜合金总重量 0. 25 wt%以下的镍、 0. 15 wt%以下的铬和 /或 0. 25 wt%以下的铁。
10.—种低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金, 其特征在于, 包括: 占黄铜 合金总重量 60- 65wt%的铜、 0. 1-0. 25wt%的铅、 0. 05-0. 5wt%的锡和 0. 05-0. 3wt%的磷, 剩余部分为锌。
11.如权利要求 10所述的低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金, 其特征在 于, 还包括两种以上选自占黄铜合金总重量 0. 1-0. 7wt%的铝、 0. 05-0. 5 wt% 的锰和 0. 001-0. 01wt%的硼的元素。
12.如权利要求 11所述的低铅无铋无硅切削性佳的黄铜合金, 其特征在 于,还包括不可避免的杂质,其中包括占黄铜合金总重量 0. 25 wt%以下的镍、 0. 15 wt%以下的铬和 /或 0. 25 wt%以下的铁。
PCT/CN2014/074938 2014-01-03 2014-04-09 低铅无铋无硅黄铜 WO2015100872A1 (zh)

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