WO2015100764A1 - 一种耐磨耐压电缆及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐磨耐压电缆及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015100764A1
WO2015100764A1 PCT/CN2014/070329 CN2014070329W WO2015100764A1 WO 2015100764 A1 WO2015100764 A1 WO 2015100764A1 CN 2014070329 W CN2014070329 W CN 2014070329W WO 2015100764 A1 WO2015100764 A1 WO 2015100764A1
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Prior art keywords
cable
layer
parts
resistant
nitrile
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PCT/CN2014/070329
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄冬莲
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深圳市联嘉祥科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2015100764A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015100764A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/1875—Multi-layer sheaths
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/443—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/04—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
    • H01B7/041—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables attached to mobile objects, e.g. portable tools, elevators, mining equipment, hoisting cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of power cables, and more particularly to a wear-resistant and pressure-resistant cable and a preparation method thereof.
  • the existing cable usually composed of a conductor and a polyvinyl chloride insulating layer extruded on the periphery of the conductor, has a very limited service life, bending resistance and tear resistance;
  • the insulation layer of the cable is susceptible to wear and breakage, thereby damaging the insulation of the cable, which in turn affects the physical and electrical performance of the cable, and presents a significant safety hazard.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a highly flexible and wear-resistant wear-resistant and pressure-resistant cable for the defects of the prior art that the cable is easily entangled, worn and broken. And its preparation method.
  • a wear-resistant and pressure-resistant cable including a cable inner core, and sequentially wrapped from the inside to the outside of the inner core of the cable for improving the wear resistance and flexibility of the cable
  • a sheathing layer wherein the cable core is stranded by a plurality of insulating core wires; each of the insulating core wires comprises a conductor, and an insulating layer covering the conductor; wherein
  • the sheath layer and the insulating layer are made of a nitrile polyvinyl chloride composite material or a nitrile polyethylene composite material.
  • the nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite material comprises, by mass parts: nitrile rubber 1 0 ⁇ 3 0 Parts, 80 ⁇ 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 2 ⁇ 8 parts of zinc oxide, RD1 ⁇ 2 parts of anti-aging agent, 1 ⁇ 3 parts of stearic acid, 20 ⁇ 40 parts of clay and dioctyl phthalate 10 ⁇ 40 Share.
  • the nitrile-polyethylene composite material comprises, by mass parts, a nitrile rubber 10 to 30. Parts, 90-100 parts of polyethylene, 2 ⁇ 3 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 1 ⁇ 3 parts of stearic acid and 10 ⁇ 20 parts of dioctyl phthalate.
  • the sheath layer has a thickness of 0.6 mm to 1 mm.
  • the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm.
  • a plurality of the insulated core wires have a filling layer at the stranded space.
  • the filling layer is formed by twisting a flexible polyester-cotton fiber rope or a flexible reinforcing rib.
  • the shielding layer is shielded by a flexible galvanized copper wire braid or an aluminum foil.
  • the conductor is obtained by stranding annealed oxygen-free copper wire.
  • the invention also provides a method for preparing a wear-resistant and withstand voltage cable, the preparation method comprising the following steps:
  • extruded insulation layer an insulated core is obtained by coating an insulating layer on the outer conductor with an extrusion die;
  • wrapping shielding layer wrapping the shielding layer outside the inner core of the cable
  • the extrusion sheath layer is uniformly coated outside the shielding layer by extrusion.
  • the protective layer and the insulating layer of the cable are made by using the nitrile polyvinyl chloride composite material or the nitrile polyethylene composite material, thereby greatly improving the aging resistance and wear resistance of the cable, and improving the stretching of the cable.
  • the strength enhances the overall flexibility of the cable; in addition, the shielding layer formed by flexible galvanized copper wire braid or aluminum foil wrapping can also enhance the wear resistance and flexibility of the cable in use, and better protect the insulation layer.
  • the conductor prevents the protective layer and the insulating layer from being worn or broken during the process of moving back and forth to damage the insulation of the cable, posing a safety hazard.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a wear-resistant and pressure-resistant cable according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention adopts a nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite material or a nitrile-polyethylene composite material to form a protective layer and an insulating layer of the cable, thereby greatly improving the aging resistance of the cable.
  • wear resistance and improve the tensile strength of the cable, enhance the overall flexibility of the cable, better protect the conductor inside the insulation layer, and avoid the wear and break of the protective layer and the insulation layer during the movement of the cable back and forth. Damage to the insulation of the cable creates a safety hazard.
  • a wear-resistant and pressure-resistant cable provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a cable core 3 and is sequentially covered from the inside to the outside in a cable core. 3, the shielding layer 2 and the sheath layer 1 for improving the wear resistance and flexibility of the cable, the cable core 3 is stranded by a plurality of insulating core wires 4; each insulating core wire 4 comprises a conductor 5, and Coated in conductor 5 The outer insulating layer 6; wherein the sheath layer 1 and the insulating layer 6 are made of a nitrile polyvinyl chloride composite material or a nitrile polyethylene composite material.
  • the conductor 5 The copper wire is bundled with a soft copper wire (not shown), each of the soft copper wires is annealed oxygen-free copper wire, and the annealed oxygen-free copper wire is oxygen-free and does not contain any deoxidizer.
  • the pure copper of the residue has excellent electrical and mechanical properties.
  • the elongation of the monofilament of the oxygen-free copper wire exceeds 30%, and the high elongation of the monofilament indicates that the copper wire is soft, has high ductility, and has strong bending resistance.
  • the soft copper wire used in the invention has a monofilament diameter of less than 0.18 mm. Since the diameter of the monofilament of the soft copper wire is small in the present invention, the conductor having the same outer diameter is formed 5
  • the number of soft copper wires required is much larger than the number of thick copper wires used in the prior art, so that the external force of the cable can be effectively and uniformly dispersed. Therefore, the conductor 5 of the present invention has strong electrical conductivity and no hydrogen embrittlement. Not easy to break, It has a strong resistance to bending and will not break after more than a million round trips, ensuring that the physical and electrical properties of the cable are not affected.
  • a plurality of thin soft copper wires are twisted into a conductor by a twisting method.
  • the twisting pitch is 8 to 12 times the outer diameter of the conductor 5 during twisting, and the twisting direction is ' Z 'toward.
  • Insulation 6 is coated on the outer side of the conductor 5 by means of a squeeze die, thereby obtaining an insulated core wire 4.
  • Insulation 6 It is made of nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite or nitrile-polyethylene composite to meet the strong withstand voltage and strong wear resistance of the cable.
  • the nitrile polyvinyl chloride composite material is made of the following raw materials by weight: nitrile rubber 1 0 ⁇ 30 parts, polyvinyl chloride 80 ⁇ 100 parts, 2 ⁇ 8 parts of zinc oxide, RD1 ⁇ 2 parts of anti-aging agent, 1 ⁇ 3 parts of stearic acid, 20 ⁇ 40 parts of clay and 10 ⁇ 40 parts of dioctyl phthalate, among them anti-aging agent RD is 2 , 2 , 4-trimethyl -1 , 2-dihydroquinoline polymer or 2 , 2 , 4-trimethyl -1 , 2-dihydroquinoline polymer; the clay is purple sand;
  • the nitrile-polyethylene composite material is made of the following raw materials by weight: 10 to 30 parts of nitrile rubber, 90 to 100 parts of polyethylene, 2 to 3 parts of epoxy soybean oil, and 1 to 3 of stearic acid. Parts, dioctyl phthalate 10 ⁇ 20 parts.
  • the nitrile polyvinyl chloride composite or the nitrile-polyethylene composite greatly improves the cable aging resistance, improves the tensile strength, and enhances the overall flexibility of the cable, so that the insulation layer 6 It can better protect the inner conductor 5 and avoid damage to the insulation of the cable due to the abrasion of the insulating layer 6, resulting in safety hazards.
  • the thickness of the insulating layer 6 of the present invention is 0.3 mm to 0.8 mm.
  • the insulating layer 6 made of butadiene-polyvinyl chloride composite material or nitrile-polyethylene composite material has strong flexibility and wear resistance, so that the thickness of the conventional polyvinyl chloride insulating layer needs to reach the insulating layer of the present invention. More than double the thickness to have the insulating layer of the present invention 6 The same protection effect. Therefore, the thickness is reduced by half compared with the conventional insulating layer, and the quality of the cable is reduced without affecting the performance of the cable. In this embodiment, the thickness of the insulating layer 6 is 0.5 mm.
  • the insulating layer 6 is coated on the outer side of the conductor 5 to obtain the insulating core wire 4, and the plurality of the insulating core wires 4 are further
  • the cable core 3 is obtained by twisting using a twist-type twisting method.
  • the direction of the stranding is in the order of 'S' - 'Z' - 'S' from the outer layer inward, and in the plurality of insulated core wires 4
  • a filling layer 7 is added between the stranded spaces, and the filling layer 7 is formed by twisting a flexible high-grade polyester fiber rope or a flexible reinforcing rib.
  • the flexible reinforcing rib is made of a metal material or a non-metal material having low conductivity.
  • a shielding layer 2 is tightly wrapped around the outer core 3 of the cable, and the shielding layer 2 is woven by flexible galvanized copper wire or The aluminum foil is shielded and the shielding density is guaranteed to be over 80%.
  • the shielding layer 2 the cable core 3 can be ensured not to be loose, and the cable core 3 The twisted pitch, the twisted outer diameter, and the like do not change greatly due to looseness.
  • the shielding layer made of flexible galvanized copper wire woven or aluminum foil has good flexibility, which makes the whole cable extremely resistant to bending. And to ensure that the physical and electrical performance of the entire cable is not affected by millions of round-trip bending movements.
  • a shielding layer 1 is coated on the shielding layer 2, and the sheath layer 1 It is the most important component of the cable and is mainly used to protect the internal cable core 3 and shield 2 from damage. During the movement of the equipment unit back and forth, the jacket layer 1 is in direct contact with the outside and friction occurs. therefore, The ductility and tear resistance of the jacket layer 1 directly affect the wear resistance and flexibility of the entire cable.
  • the sheath layer 1 is uniformly coated on the outside of the shield layer 2 by extrusion, and the use thereof Made of nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite or nitrile-polyethylene composite, since the raw material composition of the nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite or the nitrile-polyethylene composite is the same as that of the insulating layer 6, the raw material components are not described again.
  • Nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite material made of the raw material component It can be made of nitrile rubber as the main component, and polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene is added to the nitrile rubber to improve the weather resistance and wear resistance of the nitrile rubber, so that the entire cable has strong flexibility and also has better Strong abrasion resistance; or adding polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene as the main component, adding nitrile rubber to polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene to enhance the impact resistance of polyvinyl chloride or polyethylene, so that the entire cable has Strong wear resistance and strong flexibility.
  • a sheath layer made of butadiene-polyvinyl chloride composite or nitrile-polyethylene composite material 1 It can optimize the mechanical properties, wear resistance and flexibility of the cable, and is more suitable for places with harsh environments. With the sheath layer 1, the cable can effectively protect the internal conductor after friction or mechanical impact. It is not damaged, thus extending the service life of the cable and ensuring the normal transmission of the equipment unit.
  • the thickness of the sheath layer 1 is 0.6 mm to 1 mm.
  • the invention also provides a method for preparing a cable. Since the process control conditions in the cable preparation process are prior art, no further details are provided herein. Wherein, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
  • the conductor preparation includes three sub-steps: material selection, wire drawing, and stranding.
  • Material selection The conductor material selected according to the requirements for preparing different cables, such as the use of electric round copper rod as conductor material; wire drawing: drawing and annealing the conductor material to obtain annealed oxygen-free copper wire; stranding: annealing obtained by wire drawing Oxygen free copper wire
  • the conductor 5 is formed by twisting in a twisted manner, and the stranded gap is filled with a flexible high-grade polyester-cotton fiber.
  • extruded insulation layer an insulating layer 6 is obtained by coating an outer surface of the conductor 5 with an extrusion die; wherein the insulating layer 6 It is made of nitrile polyvinyl chloride composite or nitrile polyethylene composite.
  • a raw material containing a nitrile polyvinyl chloride composite material or a nitrile polyethylene composite material is disposed.
  • a plurality of the insulated core wires 4 are twisted by a twist-type twisting method to obtain a cable core 3 .
  • the direction of the stranding is from the outer layer inward to the order of 'S' - 'Z' - 'S'..., and the filling layer 7 It is formed by twisting a flexible high-grade polyester/cotton fiber rope or a flexible reinforcing rib, which is made of a metal material or a non-metal material having low conductivity.
  • wrapping shielding layer wrapping the shielding layer 2 outside the cable core 3; wherein the shielding layer 2 is made of flexible galvanizing Copper wire braid or aluminum foil is shielded and the shielding density is guaranteed to be over 80%.
  • extrusion sheath layer the sheath layer 1 is evenly coated outside the shielding layer 2 by extrusion. Specifically, the sheath layer 1
  • the configured nitrile polyvinyl chloride composite or nitrile polyethylene composite is used.
  • extruded insulation layer an insulating layer made of a nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite material is coated on the conductor 5 by a squeeze die 6 Obtaining insulated core wire 4 ;
  • the nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite material includes, by mass parts: 10 parts of nitrile rubber and 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride. 2 parts of zinc oxide, RD1 part of antioxidant, 3 parts of stearic acid, 30 parts of clay and 20 parts of dioctyl phthalate;
  • wrapping shielding layer wrapping the shielding layer 2 outside the cable core 3;
  • the extrusion sheath layer uniformly coating the sheath layer 1 made of the nitrile polyvinyl chloride composite material by extrusion Outside the shielding layer 2 ;
  • extruded insulation layer an insulating layer made of a nitrile-polyethylene composite material is coated on the conductor 5 by a squeeze die 6 Obtaining insulated core wire 4 ;
  • the nitrile-polyethylene composite material includes, by mass, 30 parts of nitrile rubber, 90 parts of polyethylene, and epoxidized soybean oil. 2 parts, 3 parts of stearic acid, 10 parts of dioctyl phthalate;
  • wrapping shielding layer wrapping the shielding layer 2 outside the cable core 3;
  • the extrusion sheath layer uniformly coating the sheath layer 1 made of the nitrile polyethylene composite material by extrusion Outside the shielding layer 2 ;
  • the mass fraction of each formulation in the nitrile-polyethylene composite material is the same as that in step S2.
  • extruded insulation layer an insulating layer made of a nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite material is coated on the conductor 5 by a squeeze die 6 Obtaining insulated core wire 4 ;
  • the nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite material includes, by mass parts: 30 parts of nitrile rubber, 80 parts of polyvinyl chloride, zinc oxide. 5 parts, RD1 parts of antioxidant, 3 parts of stearic acid, 40 parts of clay and 30 parts of dioctyl phthalate;
  • wrapping shielding layer wrapping the shielding layer 2 outside the cable core 3;
  • the extrusion sheath layer uniformly coating the sheath layer 1 made of the nitrile polyvinyl chloride composite material by extrusion Outside the shielding layer 2 ;
  • extruded insulation layer an insulating layer made of a nitrile-polyethylene composite material is coated on the conductor 5 by a squeeze die 6 Obtaining insulated core wire 4 ;
  • the nitrile-polyethylene composite material includes, by mass parts: 10 parts of nitrile rubber, 100 parts of polyethylene, and epoxidized soybean oil. 2 parts, 3 parts of stearic acid, 20 parts of dioctyl phthalate;
  • wrapping shielding layer wrapping the shielding layer 2 outside the cable core 3;
  • the extrusion sheath layer uniformly coating the sheath layer 1 made of the nitrile polyethylene composite material by extrusion Outside the shielding layer 2 ;
  • the mass fraction of each formulation in the nitrile-polyethylene composite material is the same as that in step S2.
  • extruded insulation layer an insulating layer made of a nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite material is coated on the conductor 5 by a squeeze die 6 Obtaining insulated core wire 4 ;
  • the nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite material includes, by mass parts: 20 parts of nitrile rubber, 90 parts of polyvinyl chloride, zinc oxide. 2 parts, anti-aging agent RD 2 parts, 3 parts of stearic acid, 40 parts of clay and 20 parts of dioctyl phthalate;
  • wrapping shielding layer wrapping the shielding layer 2 outside the cable core 3;
  • the extrusion sheath layer uniformly coating the sheath layer 1 made of the nitrile polyvinyl chloride composite material by extrusion Outside the shielding layer 2 ;
  • extruded insulation layer an insulating layer made of a nitrile-polyethylene composite material is coated on the conductor 5 by a squeeze die 6 Obtaining insulated core wire 4 ;
  • the nitrile-polyethylene composite material comprises, by mass parts: 20 parts of nitrile rubber, 95 parts of polyethylene, and epoxy soybean oil 2 Parts, 3 parts of stearic acid, 20 parts of dioctyl phthalate;
  • wrapping shielding layer wrapping the shielding layer 2 outside the cable core 3;
  • the extrusion sheath layer uniformly coating the sheath layer 1 made of the nitrile polyethylene composite material by extrusion Outside the shielding layer 2 ;
  • the mass fraction of each formulation in the nitrile-polyethylene composite material is the same as that in step S2.
  • the present invention uses a nitrile-polyvinyl chloride composite material or a nitrile-polyethylene composite material to form a protective layer and an insulating layer of the cable, which greatly improves
  • the cable's aging resistance and wear resistance improve the tensile strength of the cable and enhance the overall flexibility of the cable.
  • it is woven with flexible galvanized copper wire or aluminum foil.
  • the formed shielding layer can also enhance the wear resistance and flexibility of the cable in use, better protect the conductors in the insulating layer, and prevent the protective layer and the insulating layer from being worn or broken during the movement of the cable back and forth. Damage to the insulation of the cable creates a safety hazard.

Abstract

一种耐磨耐压电缆及其制备方法，该电缆包括电缆内芯（3）、以及由内到外依次包覆在电缆内芯外、用于提高电缆耐磨性和柔韧性的屏蔽层（2）和护套层（1）；电缆内芯由多根绝缘芯线（4）绞合而成；每一根绝缘芯线包括导体（5）以及包覆在导体外的绝缘层（6）；护套层和绝缘层由丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得；提高了电缆的抗老化性和耐磨性，改善了电缆的拉伸强度，增强了电缆的柔韧性，能够更好地保护绝缘层内的导体。

Description

一种耐磨耐压电缆及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电力电缆技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种耐磨耐压电缆及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着电气自动化程度的提高，设备单元需要来回移动的场合也越来越多，为防止电缆纠缠、磨损、拉脱、折断，常把电缆放入电缆拖链中，对电缆形成保护。实际使用中，拖链系统电线电缆还常常随拖链进行往返弯折，这对拖链系统电线电缆的抗弯折、抗撕裂和耐磨能力提出了很高要求。
现有电缆，通常由导体、挤塑成型在导体外周的聚氯乙烯绝缘层组成， 其 使用寿命、抗弯折和抗撕裂能力都十分有限； 使用过程中，电缆的绝缘层容易受到磨损和 断裂 从而破坏电缆的绝缘性， 进 而影响电缆的物理和电气性能 ， 存在较大的安全隐患 。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术中电缆容易纠缠、磨损和折断等缺陷，提供一种高柔性耐磨的耐磨耐压电缆 及其制备方法 。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：提供一种 耐磨耐压电缆，包括电缆内芯，及由内到外依次包覆在所述电缆内芯外、用于提高所述电缆耐磨性 和柔韧性 的屏蔽层和护套层，所述电缆内芯由多根绝缘芯线绞合而成；每一所述绝缘芯线包括导体，及包覆在所述导体外的绝缘层 ；其中， 所述护套层和所述绝缘层由丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得。
在本发明 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 中， 所述 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料按质量份数包括：丁腈橡胶 1 0~ 3 0 份、聚氯乙烯 80~ 100 份、氧化锌 2~8 份、防老剂 RD1~2 份、硬脂酸 1~3 份、陶土 20~40 份和邻苯二甲酸二辛脂 10~40 份。
在本发明 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 中， 所述 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料按质量份数包括：丁腈橡胶 10 ~ 3 0 份、聚乙烯 90 ~ 100 份、环氧大豆油 2~3 份、硬脂酸 1~3 份、邻苯二甲酸二辛脂 10~20 份。
在本发明 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 中， 所述 护套层 的厚度为 0.6mm ~ 1mm 。
在本发明 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 中， 所述绝缘层的厚度为 0. 3 mm ~0.8mm 。
在本发明 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 中， 多根所述绝缘芯线之间的 绞合 空隙处具有填充层 。
在本发明 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 中， 所述填充层采用柔性涤棉纤维绳或柔性加强筋 绞合 形成。
在本发明 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 中， 所述屏蔽层采用柔性镀 锌 铜丝编织 或 铝箔绕包屏蔽。
在本发明 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 中， 所述导体为退火无氧铜丝 绞合制得 。
本发明还提供一种 耐磨耐压电缆的制备方法， 所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1 、导体制备：将导体材料经拉丝、绞合后，得到导体；
S2 、挤包绝缘层：采用挤压式模具在所述导体外包覆绝缘层得到绝缘芯线；
S3 、添加填充层：将多根所述绝缘芯线绞合得到电缆内芯，并在多根所述绝缘芯线之间的绞合空隙中添加填充层；
S 4 、 绕包屏蔽层：将屏蔽层绕包在所述电缆内芯外；
S 5 、 挤包护套层：采用挤压的方式将护套层均匀包覆在 所述 屏蔽层外。
实施本发明的 耐磨耐压电缆 及其制备方法 ，具有以下有益效果：通过采用丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制成电缆的保护层和绝缘层，极大的提高了电缆的抗老化性和耐磨性，且改善了电缆的拉伸强度，增强了电缆的整体柔韧性；此外，采用柔性镀锌铜丝编织或铝箔绕包形成的屏蔽层也能增强电缆在使用中的耐磨性和柔韧性，更好的保护绝缘层内的导体，避免电缆在来回移动的过程中保护层和绝缘层磨损或折断而破坏电缆的绝缘性，造成安全隐患。
附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图 1 是本发明较佳实施例提供的 耐磨耐压电缆 的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
针对现有技术中电缆容易纠缠、磨损和折断等缺陷，本发明采用丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制成电缆的保护层和绝缘层，极大的提高了 电缆的抗老化性 和耐磨性 ，且改善了 电缆的 拉伸强度，增强了电缆的整体柔韧性，能够更好的保护 绝缘层内的 导体，避免 电缆在来回移动的过程中保护层和 绝缘层磨损 或折断 而破坏电缆的绝缘性，造成安全隐患。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
如图 1 所示，本发明较佳实施例提供的 耐磨耐压电缆 ，包括电缆内芯 3 ，及由内到外依次包覆在电缆内芯 3 外、用于提高电缆耐磨性和柔韧性的屏蔽层 2 和护套层 1 ，电缆内芯 3 由多根绝缘芯线 4 绞合而成；每一绝缘芯线 4 包括导体 5 ，及包覆在导体 5 外的绝缘层 6 ；其中，护套层 1 和绝缘层 6 由丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得。
具体的，导体 5 由多跟细软的铜丝（图上未标示）束绞而成，每一所述细软铜丝均为退火无氧铜丝，所述退火无氧铜丝为不含氧也不含任何脱氧剂残留物的纯铜，其 电气机械性能极为优良 ，且所述无氧铜丝的单丝伸长率超过 30% ， 单丝伸长率高说明铜丝软、延展性强，抗弯折能力强。
不同于现有技术中的粗铜丝，本发明所使用的细软铜丝的单丝直径均小于 0.18mm ，由于本发明中细软铜丝的单丝直径小，使得制成同样外径的导体 5 所需的细软铜丝的数量远大于现有技术中所述使用的粗铜丝的数量，这样能有效均匀分散电缆所受的外力，因此，本发明导体 5 的导电性能强，无氢脆现象不容易断裂， 具有极强的抗弯折能力，在经过超过数百万次往返弯折运动后不会断裂，进而确保电缆的物理和电气性能不受影响。
此外，将多根细软铜丝采用甲胄绞合方式束绞制成导体 5 ，并采用柔性高档涤棉纤维丝填充绞合缝隙。其中，为了确保制得的导体 5 具有较强的强度和折弯能力，绞合时绞合节距为导体 5 外径的 8~12 倍，绞合方向采用' Z '向。
进一步的，采用挤压式模具在导体 5 外包覆绝缘层 6 ，从而得到绝缘芯线 4 。绝缘层 6 采用丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得，以满足电缆的强耐压和强耐磨性能。
其中，丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料 由 以下重量份数的原料制成： 丁腈橡胶 1 0~ 3 0 份、聚氯乙烯 80~ 100 份 、氧化锌 2~8 份、防老剂 RD1~2 份、硬脂酸 1~3 份、陶土 20~40 份和邻苯二甲酸二辛脂 10~40 份 ，其中防老剂 RD 为 2 ， 2 ， 4- 三甲基 -1 ， 2- 二氢化喹啉聚合体或 2 ， 2 ， 4- 三甲基 -1 ， 2- 二氢喹啉聚合物，陶土为紫砂； 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料 由 以下重量份数的原料制成： 丁腈橡胶 10 ~ 3 0 份、聚乙烯 90 ~ 100 份、环氧大豆油 2~3 份、硬脂酸 1~3 份、邻苯二甲酸二辛脂 10~20 份。
本发明采用 的绝缘层 6 不同于传统电缆的聚氯乙烯绝缘层，丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料极大提高了电缆的抗老化性，且改善了拉伸强度，增强了电缆的整体柔韧性，使得绝缘层 6 能够更好的保护里导体 5 ，避免因绝缘层 6 磨损从而破坏电缆的绝缘性，造成安全隐患。
此外，本发明绝缘层 6 的厚度为 0.3mm~0.8mm ，由于丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制成的绝缘层 6 具有较强的柔韧性和耐磨性，使得传统的聚氯乙烯绝缘层的厚度需达到本发明所述绝缘层 6 厚度的一倍以上，才能具有与本发明绝缘层 6 相同的保护效果。因此，与传统绝缘层相比，其厚度减少了一半，在降低电缆质量的同时不影响电缆的使用性能。本实施例中，绝缘层 6 的厚度为 0.5mm 。
进一步的，在导体 5 外包覆绝缘层 6 从而得到了绝缘芯线 4 ，再将多根所述绝缘芯线 4 采用甲胄式的扭绞方式进行绞合得到电缆内芯 3 。其中，绞合的方向由外层向内依次为' S ' - ' Z ' - ' S '等向，并在多根绝缘芯线 4 之间的绞合空隙中添加填充层 7 ，所述填充层 7 采用 采用柔性高档涤棉纤维绳或柔性加强筋 绞合 形成 ，所述柔性加强筋为导电性能低的金属材料或非金属材料制成。通过在绞合空隙中添加填充层 7 不仅能对绝缘芯线 4 起到保护作用，避免绝缘芯线 4 破损而破坏电缆的绝缘性，而且能增强整个电缆的延展性和抗弯折能力。
进一步的，在电缆内芯 3 外紧紧绕包一屏蔽层 2 ，所述屏蔽层 2 采用 柔性镀 锌 铜丝编织 或 铝箔绕包 屏蔽，且屏蔽密度保证在 80% 以上。通过所述屏蔽层 2 ，可以保证电缆线芯 3 不会松动，及电缆线芯 3 的绞合节距、绞合外径等不会因为松动而发生较大变化。此外，采用柔性镀 锌 铜丝编织或铝箔制成的屏蔽层具有良好的柔韧性，使得整个电缆 具有极强的抗弯折能力， 从 而确保 整个 电缆的物理和电气性能不受数百万次往返弯折运动 的 影响。
进一步的，在屏蔽层 2 外包覆一 护套层 1 ， 护套层 1 是电缆最重要的组成部分，其主要用于保护内部的电缆内芯 3 和屏蔽层 2 不被损坏。在设备单元来回移动的过程中， 护套层 1 与外界直接接触并发生摩擦。因此， 护套层 1 的延展性和抗撕裂性直接影响了整个电缆的耐磨性能和柔韧性。本发明中， 护套层 1 通过挤压的方式均匀包覆在屏蔽层 2 外，其采用 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料 制成，由于 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料 的原料组成与绝缘层 6 相同，其原料组成部分不再赘述。
采用该原料组成部分制成的 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料 ，可以以丁腈橡胶为主要成分，在丁腈橡胶中添加聚氯乙烯或聚乙烯，以改善丁腈橡胶的耐候性及耐磨性，从而使得整个电缆在具有强大柔韧性的同时也具有较强的耐磨性；或者以聚氯乙烯或聚乙烯为主要成分，在聚氯乙烯或聚乙烯中添加丁腈橡胶，以增强聚氯乙烯或聚乙烯的耐冲击性，从而使得整个电缆在具有强大耐磨性的同时也具有较强的柔韧性。
因此，采用 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料 制成的 护套层 1 ，可以使电缆的机械性能、耐磨性能和柔韧性能等达到最佳，对于环境恶劣的场所更加适合。采用该 护套层 1 ，电缆在发生摩擦或力学冲击后能够有效保护内部的导体 5 不受损坏，从而延长电缆的使用寿命、并保证设备单元正常的输电。优选地，本实施例中， 护套层 1 的厚度为 0.6mm ~ 1mm 。
本发明还提供了一种电缆的制备方法，由于电缆制备过程中的工艺控制条件为现有技术，在此不再赘述。其中，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1 、导体制备：将导体材料经拉丝、绞合后，得到导体 5 。
具体的，导体制备包括三个子步骤：选料、拉丝和绞合。选料：根据制备不同电缆的要求选择使用的导体材料，如选用电工圆铜杆作为导体材料；拉丝：将导体材料进行拉丝、退火处理得到退火无氧铜丝；绞合：将拉丝得到的退火无氧铜丝 采用甲胄绞合方式束绞制成导体 5 ，并采用柔性高档涤棉纤维丝填充绞合缝隙。
S2 、挤包绝缘层：采用挤压式模具在所述导体 5 外包覆绝缘层 6 得到绝缘芯线 4 ；其中，绝缘层 6 采用丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得。
具体的，配置包含有丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料的原料。
S3 、添加填充层：将多根绝缘芯线 4 绞合得到电缆内芯 3 ，并在多根绝缘芯线 4 之间的绞合空隙中添加填充层 7 。
具体的，多根所述绝缘芯线 4 采用甲胄式的扭绞方式进行绞合得到电缆内芯 3 。其中，绞合的方向由外层向内依次为' S ' - ' Z ' - ' S '…向，且所述填充层 7 采用柔性高档涤棉纤维绳或柔性加强筋绞合形成，所述柔性加强筋为导电性能低的金属材料或非金属材料制成。
S4 、绕包屏蔽层：将屏蔽层 2 绕包在所述电缆内芯 3 外；其中，屏蔽层 2 采用柔性镀 锌 铜丝编织或铝箔绕包屏蔽，且屏蔽密度保证在 80% 以上。
S5 、挤包护套层：采用挤压的方式将护套层 1 均匀包覆在屏蔽层 2 外。具体的，护套层 1 采用配置好的丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料。
实施例 1
S1 、导体制备：将导体材料经拉丝、绞合后，得到导体 5 ；
S2 、挤包绝缘层：采用挤压式模具在所述导体 5 外包覆 由 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料制得 的 绝缘层 6 得到绝缘芯线 4 ；
其中， 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料 按质量 份 数包括 ： 丁腈橡胶 1 0 份、聚氯乙烯 100 份 、氧化锌 2 份、防老剂 RD1 份、硬脂酸 3 份、陶土 30 份和邻苯二甲酸二辛脂 2 0 份 ；
S3 、添加填充层：将多根所述绝缘芯线 4 绞合得到电缆内芯 3 ，并在多根所述绝缘芯线 4 之间的绞合空隙中添加填充层 7 ；
S 4 、 绕包屏蔽层：将屏蔽层 2 绕包在所述电缆内芯 3 外；
S 5 、 挤包护套层：采用挤压的方式将 由 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料制得 的 护套层 1 均匀包覆在 所述 屏蔽层 2 外 ；
其中， 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料 中各配方的质量份数与步骤 S2 相同 。
实施例 2
S1 、导体制备：将导体材料经拉丝、绞合后，得到导体 5 ；
S2 、挤包绝缘层：采用挤压式模具在所述导体 5 外包覆 由 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得 的 绝缘层 6 得到绝缘芯线 4 ；
其中， 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料 按质量 份 数包括 ： 丁腈橡胶 3 0 份、聚乙烯 90 份、环氧大豆油 2 份、硬脂酸 3 份、邻苯二甲酸二辛脂 10 份 ；
S3 、添加填充层：将多根所述绝缘芯线 4 绞合得到电缆内芯 3 ，并在多根所述绝缘芯线 4 之间的绞合空隙中添加填充层 7 ；
S 4 、 绕包屏蔽层：将屏蔽层 2 绕包在所述电缆内芯 3 外；
S 5 、 挤包护套层：采用挤压的方式将 由 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得 的 护套层 1 均匀包覆在 所述 屏蔽层 2 外 ；
其中， 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料 中各配方的质量份数与步骤 S2 相同 。
实施例 3
S1 、导体制备：将导体材料经拉丝、绞合后，得到导体 5 ；
S2 、挤包绝缘层：采用挤压式模具在所述导体 5 外包覆 由 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料制得 的 绝缘层 6 得到绝缘芯线 4 ；
其中， 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料 按质量 份 数包括 ： 丁腈橡胶 3 0 份、聚氯乙烯 80 份 、氧化锌 5 份、防老剂 RD1 份、硬脂酸 3 份、陶土 40 份和邻苯二甲酸二辛脂 3 0 份 ；
S3 、添加填充层：将多根所述绝缘芯线 4 绞合得到电缆内芯 3 ，并在多根所述绝缘芯线 4 之间的绞合空隙中添加填充层 7 ；
S 4 、 绕包屏蔽层：将屏蔽层 2 绕包在所述电缆内芯 3 外；
S 5 、 挤包护套层：采用挤压的方式将 由 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料制得 的 护套层 1 均匀包覆在 所述 屏蔽层 2 外 ；
其中， 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料 中各配方的质量份数与步骤 S2 相同 。
实施例 4
S1 、导体制备：将导体材料经拉丝、绞合后，得到导体 5 ；
S2 、挤包绝缘层：采用挤压式模具在所述导体 5 外包覆 由 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得 的 绝缘层 6 得到绝缘芯线 4 ；
其中， 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料 按质量 份 数包括 ： 丁腈橡胶 1 0 份、聚乙烯 100 份、环氧大豆油 2 份、硬脂酸 3 份、邻苯二甲酸二辛脂 2 0 份 ；
S3 、添加填充层：将多根所述绝缘芯线 4 绞合得到电缆内芯 3 ，并在多根所述绝缘芯线 4 之间的绞合空隙中添加填充层 7 ；
S 4 、 绕包屏蔽层：将屏蔽层 2 绕包在所述电缆内芯 3 外；
S 5 、 挤包护套层：采用挤压的方式将 由 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得 的 护套层 1 均匀包覆在 所述 屏蔽层 2 外 ；
其中， 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料 中各配方的质量份数与步骤 S2 相同 。
实施例 5
S1 、导体制备：将导体材料经拉丝、绞合后，得到导体 5 ；
S2 、挤包绝缘层：采用挤压式模具在所述导体 5 外包覆 由 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料制得 的 绝缘层 6 得到绝缘芯线 4 ；
其中， 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料 按质量 份 数包括 ： 丁腈橡胶 2 0 份、聚氯乙烯 90 份 、氧化锌 2 份、防老剂 RD 2 份、硬脂酸 3 份、陶土 40 份和邻苯二甲酸二辛脂 2 0 份 ；
S3 、添加填充层：将多根所述绝缘芯线 4 绞合得到电缆内芯 3 ，并在多根所述绝缘芯线 4 之间的绞合空隙中添加填充层 7 ；
S 4 、 绕包屏蔽层：将屏蔽层 2 绕包在所述电缆内芯 3 外；
S 5 、 挤包护套层：采用挤压的方式将 由 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料制得 的 护套层 1 均匀包覆在 所述 屏蔽层 2 外 ；
其中， 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料 中各配方的质量份数与步骤 S2 相同 。
实施例 6
S1 、导体制备：将导体材料经拉丝、绞合后，得到导体 5 ；
S2 、挤包绝缘层：采用挤压式模具在所述导体 5 外包覆 由 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得 的 绝缘层 6 得到绝缘芯线 4 ；
其中， 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料 按质量 份 数包括 ： 丁腈橡胶 2 0 份、聚乙烯 95 份、环氧大豆油 2 份、硬脂酸 3 份、邻苯二甲酸二辛脂 2 0 份 ；
S3 、添加填充层：将多根所述绝缘芯线 4 绞合得到电缆内芯 3 ，并在多根所述绝缘芯线 4 之间的绞合空隙中添加填充层 7 ；
S 4 、 绕包屏蔽层：将屏蔽层 2 绕包在所述电缆内芯 3 外；
S 5 、 挤包护套层：采用挤压的方式将 由 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得 的 护套层 1 均匀包覆在 所述 屏蔽层 2 外 ；
其中， 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料 中各配方的质量份数与步骤 S2 相同 。
综上所述，本发明采用丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制成电缆的保护层和绝缘层，极大的提高了 电缆的抗老化性 和耐磨性 ，且改善了 电缆的 拉伸强度，增强了电缆的整体柔韧性 ； 此外，采用 柔性镀锌铜丝编织或铝箔绕包 形成的屏蔽层也能增强电缆在使用中的耐磨性和柔韧性，更好 的保护 绝缘层内的 导体，避免 电缆在来回移动的过程中保护层和 绝缘层磨损 或折断 而破坏电缆的绝缘性，造成安全隐患。
虽然本发明是通过具体实施例进行说明的，本领域技术人员应当明白，在不脱离本发明范围的情况下，还可以对本发明进行各种变换及等同替代。另外，针对特定情形或材料，可以对本发明做各种修改，而不脱离本发明的范围。因此，本发明不局限于所公开的具体实施例，而应当包括落入本发明权利要求范围内的全部实施方式 。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种耐磨耐压电缆，其特征在于，包括电缆内芯（ 3 ），及由内到外依次包覆在所述电缆内芯（ 3 ）外、用于提高所述电缆耐磨性 和柔韧性 的屏蔽层（ 2 ）和护套层（ 1 ），所述电缆内芯（ 3 ）由多根绝缘芯线（ 4 ）绞合而成；每一所述绝缘芯线（ 4 ）包括导体（ 5 ）及包覆在所述导体（ 5 ）外的绝缘层（ 6 ） ；其中， 所述护套层（ 1 ）和所述绝缘层（ 6 ）由丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得。
  2. 根据权利要求 1 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 ，其特征在于，所述 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料按质量份数包括：丁腈橡胶 1 0~ 3 0 份、聚氯乙烯 80~ 100 份、氧化锌 2~8 份、防老剂 RD1~2 份、硬脂酸 1~3 份、陶土 20~40 份和邻苯二甲酸二辛脂 10~40 份。
  3. 根据权利要求 1 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 ，其特征在于，所述 丁腈聚乙烯复合材料按质量份数包括：丁腈橡胶 10 ~ 3 0 份、聚乙烯 90 ~ 100 份、环氧大豆油 2~3 份、硬脂酸 1~3 份、邻苯二甲酸二辛脂 10~20 份。
  4. 根据权利要求 1 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 ，其特征在于，所述 护套层 （ 1 ）的厚度为 0.6mm ~ 1mm 。
  5. 根据权利要求 1 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 ，其特征在于， 所述绝缘层（ 6 ）的厚度为 0. 3 mm ~0.8mm 。
  6. 根据权利要求 1 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 ，其特征在于，多根所述绝缘芯线（ 4 ）之间的 绞合 空隙处具有填充层（ 7 ） 。
  7. 根据权利要求 6 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 ，其特征在于，所述填充层（ 7 ）采用柔性涤棉纤维绳或柔性加强筋 绞合 形成。
  8. 根据权利要求 1 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 ，其特征在于，所述屏蔽层（ 2 ）采用柔性镀 锌 铜丝编织 或 铝箔绕包屏蔽。
  9. 根据权利要求 1 所述的 耐磨耐压电缆 ，其特征在于，所述导体（ 5 ）为退火无氧铜丝 绞合制得 。
  10. 一种耐磨耐压电缆的制备方法，其特征在于， 包括以下步骤：
    S1 、导体制备：将导体材料经拉丝、绞合后，得到导体（ 5 ）；
    S2 、挤包绝缘层：采用挤压式模具在所述导体（ 5 ）外包覆 由 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得 的 绝缘层（ 6 ）得到绝缘芯线（ 4 ） ；
    S3 、添加填充层：将多根所述绝缘芯线（ 4 ）绞合得到电缆内芯（ 3 ），并在多根所述绝缘芯线（ 4 ）之间的绞合空隙中添加填充层（ 7 ）；
    S 4 、 绕包屏蔽层：将屏蔽层（ 2 ）绕包在所述电缆内芯（ 3 ）外；
    S 5 、 挤包护套层：采用挤压的方式将 由 丁腈聚氯乙烯复合材料或丁腈聚乙烯复合材料制得 的 护套层 （ 1 ） 均匀包覆在 所述 屏蔽层 （ 2 ） 外。
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