WO2015087724A1 - Antenne à boucle magnétique et dispositif de communication à champ magnétique l'utilisant - Google Patents

Antenne à boucle magnétique et dispositif de communication à champ magnétique l'utilisant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015087724A1
WO2015087724A1 PCT/JP2014/081654 JP2014081654W WO2015087724A1 WO 2015087724 A1 WO2015087724 A1 WO 2015087724A1 JP 2014081654 W JP2014081654 W JP 2014081654W WO 2015087724 A1 WO2015087724 A1 WO 2015087724A1
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Prior art keywords
magnetic wave
antenna
magnetic
closed loop
combination
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PCT/JP2014/081654
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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河野　実則
河野　公則
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有限会社 アール・シー・エス
河野　実則
河野　公則
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Priority to JP2015552393A priority Critical patent/JP6471382B2/ja
Publication of WO2015087724A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015087724A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H01Q7/06—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with core of ferromagnetic material
    • H01Q7/08—Ferrite rod or like elongated core
    • H04B5/72—
    • H04B5/79—

Definitions

  • the induced magnetic field signal (in the air, in a substance having a relatively large propagation loss of the electromagnetic wave signal, in fresh water or seawater with a salinity concentration of 0% to 5%, or in the induction path by a combination thereof Conducts Magnetic Field Induction Communication (hereinafter referred to as “magnetic wave communication”) using a magnetic field induction signal (hereinafter referred to as “magnetic wave signal”) between a short distance of several centimeters and an intermediate distance of several km.
  • the present invention relates to a magnetic field induction antenna (hereinafter referred to as a magnetic wave antenna) and a magnetic field induction equipment (hereinafter referred to as a magnetic wave communication device).
  • the conventional inductive magnetic field communication is referred to as Near Field Communication (NFC)
  • the electromagnetic wave communication is referred to as Far Field Communication (FFC)
  • the magnetic wave communication of the present invention is an intermediate one of them. It is called Field Communication (MFC).
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • FFC Far Field
  • Patent Documents 1 to 4 WOA 12011145515 JP-A-10-215105 11-505395 JP 2004-96182 A
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of a magnetic wave antenna used in the conventional “magnetic wave antenna and magnetic wave communication device” described in Patent Document 1.
  • the inductive magnetic field is directed to the outside by configuring the magnetic wave antenna with short loop antennas 600a and 600b, electric field shields 601a and 601b, impedance conversion transformers 603a and 603b, and impedance matching capacitors 604a and 604b as centers. It efficiently radiates and efficiently converts an external induction magnetic field into an electromotive force.
  • the displacement current radiated from the short loop antenna can not be sufficiently suppressed, and a displacement current flows to Na + ions or CL ⁇ ions present in the periphery, causing an ohmic loss, and the displacement current changes in the displacement current.
  • Acts to generate an eddy current and further, an electric field shield provided on the outer periphery of the short loop antenna also generates an eddy current, attenuating the radiation of the required magnetic wave signal while referring to a magnetic wave antenna, and inductive coupling There are problems such as increased loss.
  • the portable device uses electromagnetic coupling.
  • the base unit is further connected to a broader communication system, such as a telephone network, which achieves a more complete magnetic field and prevents parts where the mutual reactance is zero. In order to do this, a large number of transducers arranged orthogonally to one another are used, since otherwise parts with a mutual reactance of zero are present in the magnetic field.
  • the electromagnetic coupling can also be used to recharge the battery in the portable device. There is a Rukoto can be. ".
  • a magnetic signal transmission method using a low frequency magnetic field as a transmission medium of a signal tends to be generally used.
  • the magnetic field is a magnetic field with a frequency range of about 1 kHz to 10 kHz.
  • “ solenoid coil 2 2 and a series resonant circuit with this are formed.
  • the capacitor C 1 is connected.
  • the "underground / underwater antenna” described in Patent Document 2 handles electromagnetic wave signals, and therefore, in seawater, the attenuation of the electromagnetic wave signals can not escape from the serious problem.
  • the “near-field magnetic communication system” or “induction magnetic field transmission / reception antenna” described in is a system or transmission / reception antenna for performing communication using an induction magnetic field, but is intended for wireless communication in a short distance. It is not intended to realize wireless communication in an arbitrary band from narrow band to wide band between a short distance and a medium distance in a substance with a relatively large propagation loss of an electromagnetic wave signal. It is not a configuration or structure to realize.
  • Patent Document 4 since the solenoid coil 22 and the capacitor C1 are connected in series and in a resonant state, a displacement current is radiated to the outside, so that the attenuation of the magnetic field is rapid at a high frequency, and the frequency is The range is limited to about 1 kHz to 10 kHz.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is in the atmosphere, in a substance having a relatively large propagation loss of an electromagnetic wave signal, in fresh water or seawater with a salinity concentration of 0% to 5%. Or any combination of these in a short distance of several cm to an intermediate distance of several km, in any frequency range from a few Hz or more to over 20 MHz, and any narrow bandwidth to wide bandwidth It is an object of the present invention to inexpensively provide a magnetic wave antenna that enables magnetic wave communication by or a combination thereof, and a magnetic wave communication device using the same.
  • the magnetic wave antenna and the magnetic wave communication apparatus using the same according to the present invention are in the atmosphere, in a substance having a relatively large propagation loss of an electromagnetic wave signal, in fresh water or seawater with a salinity concentration of 0% to 5%, or In the induction path by these combinations, using a magnetic wave signal inductively coupled by a fluctuating magnetic field, between a short distance and an intermediate distance, a narrow band at a low frequency range of several Hz or less to an arbitrary frequency range exceeding 20 MHz.
  • a broadband baseband signal whose frequency ratio between the lower limit and the upper limit of the bandwidth is 10 or more Or, it is possible to perform these alternately.
  • eddy current loss may increase depending on the path of magnetic lines of force intersecting between the opposing magnetic wave antennas, or geomagnetism and tsunami or As the eddy current loss increases due to the interaction with the early current flow, etc., or the combination of these increases the inductive coupling loss compared to the inductive coupling loss in the atmosphere, it responds to the fluctuation of the inductive coupling loss.
  • Changing or switching the frequency of the magnetic wave signal, the signal system, the signal speed, the modulation / demodulation system, the path of intersecting magnetic lines of force, the communication route, the type of the magnetic wave antenna, the installation angle, the directivity, or a combination thereof Is required.
  • the magnetic wave antenna drives at least a closed loop antenna for efficiently radiating the magnetic wave signal to the outside and a magnetic wave signal to the closed loop antenna, and receives an electromotive force induced by the magnetic wave signal.
  • it comprises magnetic wave signal transmitting / receiving means for alternately performing these, and the closed loop antenna at least suppresses the electromagnetic wave signal or displacement current from being emitted to the outside during transmission, or reradiated to the outside during reception.
  • it has a structure, configuration, shape, characteristics, or a combination thereof for efficiently radiating the magnetic wave signal to the outside or receiving the electromotive force.
  • the magnetic wave signal transmitting / receiving means at least includes phase adjusting means, parasitic vibration suppressing means, transmission / reception switching means, magnetic wave signal oscillating means, induced electromotive force receiving means, or a combination thereof.
  • the electromagnetic wave signal or the displacement current is suppressed from being radiated or re-radiated, and the magnetic wave Lower limit and upper limit of bandwidth from narrow band which suppresses the increase of VSWR of antenna in seawater and becomes mismatch and enables wide band characterization of the magnetic wave antenna and equivalent bandwidth is several Hz or less
  • the base band signal of any bandwidth up to a wide band of 10 or more in frequency ratio is adaptively transmitted and received as a magnetic wave signal. And, or by performing these alternately, and makes it possible to force wave communication for any bandwidth from narrowband to wideband.
  • the material, the conductivity, the cross sectional area, the length, the configuration, or a combination thereof of the closed loop antenna is selected to improve the radiation efficiency of the magnetic wave signal radiated from the closed loop antenna.
  • Selecting the configuration, the circuit, the components, the material, or the combination thereof of the magnetic wave signal transmission / reception means to suppress the electromagnetic wave signal or the displacement current from being radiated or reradiated to the outside, and the magnetic wave It suppresses that the VSWR of the antenna increases and becomes mismatched in seawater, improves the radiation efficiency of the magnetic wave signal, improves the reception efficiency of the magnetic wave signal, enables wide band, and at least in any frequency region
  • magnetic wave communication can be performed with a baseband signal of any bandwidth from narrow band to wide band between a short distance of a few cm and a middle distance of a few km by inductive coupling by variable magnetic fields between magnetic wave antennas.
  • Configuration of magnetic wave antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention Another configuration diagram of the magnetic wave antenna in the first embodiment of the present invention Configuration diagram of magnetic wave signal transmission / reception means in the first embodiment of the present invention Configuration diagram of magnetic wave signal oscillation means in the first embodiment of the present invention Another block diagram of the magnetic wave signal oscillating means in the first embodiment of the present invention Configuration diagram of the induced electromotive force receiving means in the first embodiment of the present invention Another configuration diagram of the magnetic wave antenna in the first embodiment of the present invention Another configuration diagram of the magnetic wave antenna in the first embodiment of the present invention Another configuration diagram of the magnetic wave antenna in the first embodiment of the present invention Another configuration diagram of the magnetic wave antenna in the first embodiment of the present invention Another configuration diagram of the magnetic wave antenna in the first embodiment of the present invention Another configuration diagram of the magnetic wave antenna in the first embodiment of the present invention Characteristic example of inductive reactance of the closed loop antenna in the first embodiment of the present invention Characteristic example of inductive coupling loss in seawater of magnetic wave signal in the first embodiment of the present invention Configuration of
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a magnetic wave antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein 605 is an electromagnetic field shield (a sectional view and a side view are shown), 700 is a closed loop antenna, and 708 is a magnetic wave signal transmitter / receiver. 709 is a baseband signal transmission / reception means, and 718 is a detuning suppression means (showing a cross sectional view and a side view).
  • 605 is an electromagnetic field shield (a sectional view and a side view are shown)
  • 700 is a closed loop antenna
  • 708 is a magnetic wave signal transmitter / receiver
  • 709 is a baseband signal transmission / reception means
  • 718 is a detuning suppression means (showing a cross sectional view and a side view).
  • the magnetic wave signal while suppressing the electromagnetic wave signal radiated to the outside at the time of transmission from the said closed loop antenna 700 or reemitted to the outside at the time of reception, the magnetic wave signal is efficiently radiated to the
  • the magnetic wave signal transmitting / receiving means 708 directly amplifies the base band signal generated by the base band signal transmitting / receiving means 709 or modulates and amplifies the carrier to drive the closed loop antenna 700 or the closed loop antenna
  • the induced electromotive force induced at 700 is directly amplified or detected / demodulated and amplified, and input as a baseband signal to the baseband signal transmitting / receiving means.
  • the closed loop antenna is housed inside the detuning suppression means 718 to suppress detuning by direct contact with seawater etc. present in the peripheral portion
  • the magnetic wave signal transmission / reception means 708 is an electromagnetic wave. It is housed in an electromagnetic shield to suppress the emission or re-emission of the signal.
  • the baseband signal output from the baseband signal transmission / reception means 709 is a wide band having an equivalent bandwidth of a few Hz or less and a wide frequency ratio of the lowest frequency to the highest frequency of 10 or more in the band.
  • Bandwidth signals are transmitted, received, or alternated.
  • the closed loop antenna shown in FIG. 1 is described using a single closed loop antenna, instead, a plurality of closed loop antennas are isolated from each other, separated at intervals, and meshed. Arranged, discrete lengths, discrete shapes, discrete angles, discrete distances, interdigitated with one another to form a coaxial cable, relatively low conductive reactance, If the impedance is relatively low impedance, connected in series, connected in parallel, or a combination thereof, and the plurality of closed loop antennas are connected in parallel, impedance of one set of the closed loop antennas Since the inductive reactance is n-fold without changing the number of turns, the closed loop ante Benefits of magnetic wave signals radiated becomes n times from is obtained.
  • the direction of the magnetic force line emitted from the closed loop antenna is the plane portion of the combination. And should be close to horizontal or parallel, not vertical.
  • FIG. 2 shows another configuration of the magnetic wave antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein 605 is an electromagnetic field shield (cross sectional view), 700 is a closed loop antenna, 707 is a magnetic substance, and 708 is a magnetic wave signal.
  • Transmission / reception means 709 is a baseband signal transmission / reception means, and 718 is a detuning suppression means.
  • the closed loop antenna 700 is provided close to the magnetic body, such as the outer periphery of the magnetic body 707 having a shape capable of efficiently radiating the magnetic wave signal to the outside, so that the radiation or re-radiation of the electromagnetic wave signal can be suppressed. It is a characteristic, and it is assumed that the phase adjustment means in the magnetic wave signal transmission / reception means 708 is connected with non-tuning or non-resonance including stray capacitance.
  • the closed loop antenna is a single-turn or multi-turn solenoid coil provided in close proximity to a magnetic body, and is a structure, structure, and characteristic that suppresses radiation or re-radiation of displacement current. , A structure, a characteristic, or a combination thereof.
  • the magnetic body is at least a bar, a polygon, and a plurality, and the plurality of magnetic bodies are arranged in a cross shape and arranged in a mesh, and the solenoid coil is at least a single layer wound. A multi-layer winding, a polyfilar winding, or a combination thereof.
  • the closed loop antenna is used for a mobile terminal, a portable terminal, or a small RFID tag, and is housed inside the detuning suppressing means 718, and in the case of a particularly small size, the outer peripheral portion is coated with an insulator.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the magnetic wave signal transmitting / receiving means in the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein 605 is an electromagnetic field shield (shown in cross section), 704 is a phase adjusting means, 705 is a parasitic vibration suppressing means, 706 Reference numeral 708 is a magnetic wave signal transmitting / receiving means, 710 is a magnetic wave signal oscillating means, 711 is an induced electromotive force receiving means, 712a, 712b are closed loop antenna connection terminals, 713a are baseband signal transmitter connection terminals, 713b Is a baseband signal receiver connection terminal.
  • 605 is an electromagnetic field shield (shown in cross section)
  • 704 is a phase adjusting means
  • 705 is a parasitic vibration suppressing means
  • Reference numeral 708 is a magnetic wave signal transmitting / receiving means
  • 710 is a magnetic wave signal oscillating means
  • 711 is an induced electromotive force receiving means
  • 712a, 712b are closed
  • a parasitic vibration suppressing means 705 is connected in parallel with the closed loop antenna to damp the closed loop antenna and suppress unnecessary parasitic vibration.
  • a phase adjusting means 704 is connected in series with the closed loop antenna to adjust the phase of the transmitted or received magnetic wave signal to improve the radiation efficiency of the magnetic wave signal or to increase the induced electromotive force, etc.
  • the closed loop antenna 700 is an inductive load in a wide range of frequencies, and as illustrated in FIG. 10, when the total length of the closed loop antenna 700 is 50 cm, the series resistance is in the range of 1 MHz to 15 MHz. Since the inductive reactance changes in the range of 3 ⁇ to 32 ⁇ while it is 1 ⁇ or less (not shown), connecting the transmission output terminal of the existing communication device directly to the closed loop antenna is sufficient for the closed loop antenna. It is difficult to oscillate various inductive currents, and problems such as damage to the transmission output stage occur.
  • a capacitor resonating with the inductive reactance of the closed loop antenna is connected in series or in parallel for resonance, and via an impedance conversion transformer or the like. It is configured to match the series resistance of the closed loop antenna with the output resistance of the communication device and to supply the output power of the communication device to the closed loop antenna with minimal loss, of the power supplied to the closed loop antenna Most are radiated or re-radiated as electromagnetic signals or displacement currents.
  • the inductive reactance of the closed loop antenna and the capacitive reactance of the capacitor are resonated or tuned, and the closed loop antenna is submerged in seawater, the emitted electromagnetic wave signal becomes Na + ions in seawater or A displacement current is passed through CL- ions etc., causing ohmic loss and attenuation, and attenuation by eddy current loss caused by the displacement current, and furthermore, the radiation impedance of the closed loop antenna is reduced due to the ohmic loss and eddy current loss. This is the reason why it can not be transmitted from seawater even with electromagnetic waves of 100 kHz or more, as well as electromagnetic waves of 100 kHz or more, which are largely changed and attenuated in a mismatch state.
  • the transmission frequency is 3.5 MHz
  • the peristaltic voltage is 1 V (rms)
  • the transmission power of the closed loop antenna is perturbed.
  • the magnetic wave antenna on the transmission side and the reception side is an air core
  • the capacitive reactance of the phase adjustment means on both the transmission side and the reception side is set to 0 ⁇ as much as possible
  • the magnetic wave antenna on the transmission side and the reception side In the non-resonant state or the untuned state, as an example, the reception input output from the reception side magnetic wave antenna vertically opposed to the transmission side magnetic wave antenna is calculated according to the following procedure.
  • D distance between opposing sides of parallelogram magnetic wave antenna
  • N 1 number of turns of transmitting magnetic wave antenna
  • R distance between opposing magnetic wave antennas
  • ⁇ 2 ⁇ f is angle of magnetic wave signal Frequency
  • L inductance of transmitting magnetic wave antenna
  • Et peristaltic voltage
  • R peristaltic voltage
  • the electromotive force (Er) induced in the magnetic wave antenna on the opposite side of the receiving side is calculated according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.
  • Er [ ⁇ (Et / L) (N1 * N2 * D * S2 / 2 ⁇ R ⁇ 2)] Cos ( ⁇ t- ⁇ / 2)-(2) It becomes.
  • N2 the number of turns of the magnetic wave antenna on the receiving side
  • S2 the area of the magnetic wave antenna on the receiving side.
  • the reception input (Pr) decreases at a rate of 12 dB / oct in inverse proportion to the fourth power of the distance between the opposing magnetic wave antennas in the vertical direction, but is related to the frequency of the magnetic wave signal It is possible to use a constant value, wide band magnetic wave communication, and directly radiate or modulate a carrier wave as a magnetic wave signal including a baseband signal of any bandwidth from narrow band to wide band. We show that it is possible, and confirm it also by the communication experiment using a trial production set.
  • the frequency of the magnetic wave signal is 1 kHz
  • both the transmitting and receiving closed loop antennas are square with one side of 1 m, are 50 turns, are air cores and have an inductive reactance of about 30 ⁇ .
  • the inductance is about 5 mH
  • the peristaltic voltage on the transmission side is 100 Vrms
  • the reception input (Pr) decreases at a rate of 18 dB / oct in inverse proportion to the sixth power of the distance between the horizontally opposed magnetic wave antennas, but Since the path length is the same as the distance between the magnetic wave antennas and generation of eddy current is suppressed, there is a merit that the inductive coupling loss does not increase rapidly as the distance increases. Is advantageous for long distance communication.
  • the effective permeability of the magnetic body at reception or reception of the closed loop antenna is larger than the effective permeability of the magnetic body at transmission or transmission side, and the number of turns at reception or reception of the closed loop antenna is transmission or transmission
  • the area of receiving or receiving side of the closed loop antenna is larger than the number of turns on the side, and the distance between the two opposing sides of receiving or receiving side of the closed loop antenna is the time of transmitting or transmitting side A longer distance between the two opposing sides of the pair, or a combination thereof, provides the advantage of expanding the communicable area.
  • a part of the plurality of receiving side magnetic wave antennas are perpendicular to the single transmission side magnetic wave antenna. Opposite to the direction, the rest of the plurality of receiving side magnetic wave antennas are horizontally opposed to the single transmitting side magnetic wave antenna, so that the communicable area can be expanded. Further, even when a plurality of transmission side magnetic wave antennas are opposed to a single reception side magnetic wave antenna, a part of the plurality of transmission side magnetic wave antennas is the single reception side magnetic wave antenna And the other of the plurality of transmission side magnetic wave antennas are horizontally opposed to the single reception side magnetic wave antenna, the merit that the communicable area can be expanded can be obtained.
  • an eddy current can be provided by arranging a nonmagnetic metal plate such as an aluminum plate as a reflection plate on the opposite side of the facing direction.
  • a directional antenna can be realized by reflecting magnetic lines of force emitted in the opposite direction from the magnetic wave antenna.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the magnetic wave signal pulsating means in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • 710 is a magnetic wave signal pulsating means
  • 714b is a transmission / reception switching connection terminal
  • 715a buffer amplification
  • 715b phase
  • 715b phase
  • 713a is a baseband signal connection terminal
  • a push-pull amplifier, a half bridge type amplifier circuit, a full bridge type amplifier circuit, etc. are configured as a whole.
  • a MOSFET type transistor is used as the power amplification means, which is balanced, relatively low in distortion, low in output impedance, or made high in the closed loop antenna by making the power supply voltage high.
  • the power amplification means includes a function of modulating, encoding, spectrum spreading, or a combination of these by modulating the carrier according to the input baseband signal.
  • the power amplification means can be omitted, which is inexpensive and economical.
  • FIG. 5 is another configuration diagram of the magnetic wave signal pulsating means in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • 710 is a magnetic wave signal pulsating means
  • 714b is a transmission / reception switching connection terminal
  • 715a and 715b are power amplifying means.
  • 716a and 716b are transmission line transformers or transmission line-like transformers
  • 713a are baseband signal connection terminals, and collectively constitute a push-pull amplifier, a half bridge type amplifier circuit, a full bridge type amplifier circuit or the like.
  • a MOSFET type transistor is used as the power amplification means, balanced type, low distortion, low output impedance, a transmission line transformer on the output side or a transmission line transformer 716b as a boost transformer, and a power supply voltage of high voltage It is possible to drive the closed loop antenna without damaging a large induced current, a conduction current or a magnetic wave signal by using a large capacity MOSFET transistor or a combination thereof, and the reception of the formula (4)
  • the input Pr can be increased.
  • a large magnetic wave current can be directly oscillated by replacing the output side winding of the transmission line transformer 716b with a closed loop antenna.
  • the power amplification means includes a function of directly amplifying the input baseband signal, or modulating a carrier wave, encoding, spectrum spreading, or performing amplification after performing a combination of these. .
  • the power amplification means can be omitted, which is inexpensive and economical.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an induced electromotive force receiving unit according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • 711 is an induced electromotive force receiving unit
  • 713b is a baseband signal connection terminal
  • 714c is a transmission / reception switching connection terminal
  • 716c is a transmission Line transformers or transmission line like transformers 717 are low noise amplification means including impedance conversion means such as voltage followers.
  • impedance conversion means such as voltage followers.
  • the parasitic vibration when the parasitic vibration is generated by the magnetic wave antenna, the parasitic vibration is generated by the transmission line transformer or the transmission line transformer, the parasitic vibration is generated by the low noise amplification means, or the parasitic vibration is generated by a combination thereof. It is necessary to add parasitic vibration suppression means to the closed loop antenna, the transformer, the low noise amplification means, or a combination thereof. Further, since the thermal noise generated from the magnetic wave antenna is caused by a series resistance and is not generated from the inductive reactance, the thermal noise output from the voltage follower is obtained by performing the impedance conversion by the voltage follower. , Due to the series resistance.
  • the frequency of the magnetic wave signal exceeds 1 MHz, the thermal noise and stray capacitance are reduced for an electronic / mechanical component, an electronic circuit, a configuration, a structure, or a combination thereof including the magnetic wave antenna. It is necessary to take measures to
  • the salt concentration is 0% in the atmosphere, in a substance having a relatively large propagation loss of the electromagnetic wave signal.
  • the magnetic wave antenna comprises at least a closed loop antenna and magnetic wave signal transmitting / receiving means,
  • the magnetic wave signal transmission / reception means at least includes phase adjustment means, parasitic vibration suppression means, transmission / reception switching means, magnetic wave signal oscillation means, induced electromotive force reception means, or a combination thereof.
  • the phase adjustment means includes a capacitive reactance due to stray capacitance in addition to its own capacitive reactance,
  • the radiation or re-radiation of the electromagnetic wave signal is suppressed by setting the inductive reactance of the closed loop antenna and the capacitive reactance of the phase adjustment means including the stray capacitance in a non-resonance state or in a non-tuning state, and A baseband signal of an arbitrary bandwidth from a narrow band having a bandwidth of several Hz or less to a wide band having a frequency ratio of the lower limit to the upper limit of 10 or more, enabling the widening of the magnetic wave antenna
  • the magnetic wave communication between the short distance and the middle distance is enabled by transmitting, receiving, or alternately performing them as a magnetic wave signal including H.
  • the magnetic wave antenna and the magnetic wave communication device using the same comprise at least a closed loop antenna and a magnetic wave signal transmitting means
  • the closed loop antenna Has at least a structure, a configuration, a shape, a characteristic, or a combination thereof for efficiently radiating a magnetic wave signal to the outside
  • the magnetic wave signal transmission means includes at least a phase adjusting means, parasitic vibration suppression Means, magnetic wave signal oscillation means, or a combination thereof
  • the phase adjustment means includes, in addition to its own capacitive reactance, a capacitive reactance due to stray capacitance, and an inductive reactance of the closed loop antenna, By setting the capacitive reactance of the phase adjustment means including the stray capacitance to a non-resonant state or a non-tuned state, By suppressing the displacement current radiated from the closed loop antenna, and suppressing the mismatch between the closed loop antenna based on the ohmic loss and eddy current loss caused by the
  • the absolute value of the capacitive reactance of the phase adjustment means including the stray capacitance is 0% to 95% of the absolute value of the inductive reactance of the closed loop antenna.
  • the baseband signal is an analog audio signal of 0.3 kHz to 3 kHz and is a pulse width modulated (PWM) digital audio signal, and is analyzed It is a digital voice signal band-compressed to 0.6 kbps to 4.8 kbps by a synthetic coding algorithm, a digital voice signal by another coding algorithm, or a combination thereof, and the magnetic wave signal oscillation Direct amplification by means, modulating and amplifying the carrier wave, or a combination of these to drive the closed loop antenna.
  • PWM pulse width modulated
  • the magnetic wave signal oscillating means is at least a phase adjusting means, a transmission line transformer or a transmission line like transformer, a push-pull amplification means, a half bridge type power Amplification means, full bridge power amplification means, DC-AC conversion means, AC-AC conversion means, analog signal amplification means, low output impedance amplification means, reactive current oscillation means, modulation means, encoding means, or combinations thereof including.
  • the magnetic wave signal is directly oscillated by replacing the output transformer of the magnetic wave signal amplification means with the closed loop antenna.
  • the induced electromotive force receiving means comprises at least a phase adjusting means, a transmission line transformer or a transmission line like transformer, an impedance converting means, a low noise amplification means, an intermediate It includes frequency amplification means, detection / demodulation means, decoding means, phase equalization means, or a combination of these. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 and claim 7, the induced electromotive force receiving means comprises at least a phase adjusting means, a transmission line transformer or a transmission line like transformer, an impedance converting means, a low noise amplification means, an intermediate It includes frequency amplification means, detection / demodulation means, decoding means, phase equalization means, or a combination of these.
  • the input impedance of the impedance conversion means is larger than the output impedance of the closed loop antenna, and the input impedance of the impedance conversion means is the transmission line transformer or transmission line
  • the output impedance of the impedance conversion means is larger than the output impedance of the transformer, the output impedance of the low impedance amplifier is smaller than the input impedance of the receiver, or a combination thereof.
  • the closed loop antenna in the induction path by the combination, the series resistance of the closed loop antenna changes, the inductive reactance changes, and the electrical characteristics change, and VSWR
  • the closed loop antenna is housed inside the detuning suppression means, a magnetic loop antenna, and a shield loop antenna, In particular, in the case of small size, it is coated with an insulator or a combination thereof.
  • the parasitic vibration suppressing means, the closed loop antenna, the phase adjusting means, the output terminal of the magnetic wave signal oscillating means, and the induction Unnecessary parasitic vibration can be obtained by connecting in parallel or in series the input connection terminal of the power reception means, the input connection terminal of the impedance conversion means, the transmission line transformer or transmission line transformer, or a combination thereof. Suppress.
  • the magnetic wave signal transmitting / receiving means, the baseband signal transmitting / receiving means, or both of them are at least inductively coupled in the induction path with the magnetic wave signal.
  • an inductive coupling loss detection means for predicting, detecting, suppressing, or a combination of these.
  • the inductive coupling loss detection means detects a change in inductive reactance of the closed loop antenna and detects the conductivity of seawater around the closed loop antenna. The change in inductive coupling loss is detected by detecting the ion concentration of seawater around the closed loop antenna, detecting communication quality in the induction path, or detecting a combination thereof.
  • a plurality of sets of the closed loop antennas are provided, at least insulated from each other, twisted between each other, of individual lengths, individual
  • the plurality of closed loop antennas are connected in parallel, connected in series, connected in a transmission line, or the like, which is a shape, an individual angle, an individual interval, or a combination thereof. It connects by the combination of these. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 and claim 13, a plurality of sets of the closed loop antennas are provided, at least insulated from each other, twisted between each other, of individual lengths, individual The plurality of closed loop antennas are connected in parallel, connected in series, connected in a transmission line, or the like, which is a shape, an individual angle, an individual interval, or a combination thereof. It connects by the combination of these. Further, as shown in FIGS.
  • a magnetic wave signal transmitting / receiving means is connected to each set of the plurality of closed loop antennas to form a plurality of sets of input / output terminals, at least the plurality of sets
  • the input / output terminals of are connected in parallel, connected to oscillate in phase, connected to drive in reverse phase, connected via power combining / distributing means, and connected via damping / amplifying means, By connecting via phase shift means, or by combining them in combination, the required low impedance characteristics, the required directivity, the required directional beam width, the required frequency region, the required band Implement the width, the required gain, or a combination of these.
  • the substance is a combination of these materials, and when the substance is planar or plate-like, the closed loop antenna emits magnetic lines of force in the horizontal or parallel direction toward the substance, and when the substance is liquid, The magnetic field lines are emitted from the closed loop antenna to the opposing closed loop antenna so as to cross the magnetic field lines at the shortest possible distance, or the magnetic field lines are emitted by a combination thereof. Further, as shown in FIGS.
  • the closed loop antenna is a single-turn or multi-turn solenoid coil provided close to a magnetic body, and radiation or re-emission of displacement current Is a structure that suppresses, is a configuration, is a characteristic, or a combination thereof, and is a structure that efficiently radiates a fluctuating magnetic field, is a configuration, is a characteristic, or a combination thereof.
  • the magnetic body is at least a rod-like, polygonal, hollow inside, is constituted by a plurality, and the plurality is a cross. Or a combination thereof, and the solenoid coil is at least a single-layer winding, a multi-layer winding, a polyfilar winding, a litz wire, or a combination thereof.
  • the solenoid coil is at least a single-layer winding, a multi-layer winding, a polyfilar winding, a litz wire, or a combination thereof.
  • a part or all of the magnetic wave signal transmitting / receiving means is accommodated in a hollow portion inside the magnetic body, and the closed loop antenna is outside the magnetic body. Alternatively, it is provided close to the outer peripheral portion.
  • FIG. 7 shows another configuration of the magnetic wave antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein 605 is an electromagnetic field shield (a cross sectional view), 610 is a phase shifting means, 607 is an input / output connector 700a to 700d.
  • 605 is an electromagnetic field shield (a cross sectional view)
  • 610 is a phase shifting means
  • 607 is an input / output connector 700a to 700d.
  • 701 is a radome including detuning suppression means.
  • the plurality of sets of closed loop antennas 700a to 700d are arranged at each set individual angle (in the figure, orthogonal to each other), and connected to the input / output connector 607 via the phase shift means 610 for each set.
  • the radome 701 including the detuning suppression means has at least a material and a structure for efficiently transmitting, without attenuating the magnetic wave signal radiated in the vertical direction from the closed loop antennas 700a to 700d.
  • the closed loop antennas 700a to 700d are installed vertically to the radome 701, the same effect can be obtained even if installed horizontally or at any angle.
  • a magnetic wave signal in which the magnetic wave antenna rotates to the right or to the left, Na + ions or CL-ions present in the induction path, a trace amount of metal ions, free electrons, or a combination thereof are emitted. It is expected to mitigate the increase in inductive coupling losses caused and to reliably detect conductive objects which cause eddy current losses by means of said magnetic wave signal.
  • the plurality of sets of closed loop antennas are connected to the phase shift means for each set, and at least through the radome covering the plurality of sets of closed loop antennas. It efficiently radiates the wave signal to the outside.
  • the plurality of sets of closed loop antennas are disposed vertically to the radome, horizontally to the radome, and conical or reverse to the radome.
  • a rotary magnetic wave antenna is realized which adaptively controls these combinations.
  • the rotational magnetic wave signal emitted from the closed loop antenna is reflected by the conductive object present in the induction path to generate an eddy current, and the reflected reverse is generated.
  • a plurality of sets of closed loop antennas for radiating the rotary magnetic wave signal and a plurality of sets of closed loop antennas for receiving the counter-rotating magnetic wave signal are provided. Set up in the same direction at intervals.
  • FIG. 8 shows another configuration of the magnetic wave antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein 700a to 700f are closed loop antennas, 701 is a radome including detuning suppression means, and 708a to 708f are magnetic wave signal transmitting / receiving means ( Not shown).
  • the plurality of sets of closed loop antennas 700a to 700f are arranged in an array form isolated from each other, and at least the magnetic wave signal transmitting / receiving hand 708a to 708f is connected for each set, and power combining / distributing means is provided.
  • Connect connect attenuation / amplification means, connect phase shift means, or connect a combination of them to construct an adaptive array antenna, and obtain required directivity, required directivity beam width, required The required frequency range, the required bandwidth, the required antenna gain, or a combination of these may be realized.
  • the closed loop antennas 700a to 700f are installed horizontally to the radome 701, the same effect can be obtained even if installed vertically or at an arbitrary angle. Further, as shown in FIG. 8 and claim 23, the plurality of sets of closed loop antennas are arranged in the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, or a combination thereof with respect to the radome, and at least a magnetic wave signal for each set.
  • a magnetic wave adaptive array antenna is realized which controls the beam width, controls the direction of the directional beam, controls the radiation angle of the directional beam, or controls the combination of these beams to be adaptive. Further, as shown in FIG. 8 and claim 24, the plurality of sets of closed loop antennas are installed in an array in accordance with the shape of a moving body that travels in the sea or dives in seawater.
  • FIG. 9 shows another configuration of the magnetic wave antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein 700a to 700c are closed loop antennas, 708a to 708c are magnetic wave transmitting / receiving means (not shown), and 709a to 709c are basebands.
  • Signal transmitting and receiving means (not shown 9, 605a to 605c are electromagnetic field shields (not shown), and 718a to 718c are detuning suppressing means.
  • the closed loop antenna 700a and the closed loop antennas 700b and 700c are horizontally opposed to each other, and when the distance between them changes, the reception input to the magnetic wave transmitting / receiving means 700a to 700c is 12 dB / oct. Change at the rate of
  • the closed loop antenna 700b and the closed loop antenna 700c vertically face each other, and when the distance between them changes, the reception input to the magnetic wave transmitting / receiving means 700b to 700c is 18 dB / oct. Change.
  • the closed loop antenna 700a is mounted on a mobile station on the ocean, and the closed loop antennas 700b and 700c are carried or mounted as a plurality of mobile stations in seawater, the mobile stations on the ocean and a plurality of movements in seawater are provided.
  • the distance to the station is extended to several kilometers, since the closed loop antennas face vertically in the multiple mobile stations in seawater, the path length of the magnetic field lines inductively coupled to each other becomes rapid as the distance increases. This is because the eddy current loss is increased, and the communicable distance is limited to several hundred meters, so care must be taken when constructing the system.
  • FIG. 10 shows an example of the characteristic of inductive reactance of the closed loop antenna in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • it is the value of inductive reactance measured by changing the frequency using a closed loop antenna with a total length of 50 cm, by bundling 10 insulated copper wires with an outer diameter of 1 mm ⁇ , and the inductive reactance is approximately equal to the increase in frequency. It turns out that it is increasing proportionally.
  • a resonant circuit using a tuning capacitor is provided, and the inductive reactance is resonated to provide a matching circuit for connection to a communication device.
  • a displacement current flows through the closed loop antenna, and a displacement current is emitted to the outside or is reradiated to the outside, so that an ohmic loss is generated by Na + ions or CL ⁇ ions in seawater, Eddy current loss occurs, and the propagation loss of the electromagnetic wave signal between the antennas increases due to the ohmic loss and the eddy current loss, the tuning and matching of the antenna is broken, the VSWR becomes large, and the large matching loss occurs. There is.
  • the inductive reactance of the closed loop antenna and the capacitive reactance of the phase adjustment means are not resonated but kept non-resonant, and the inductive load current to the closed loop antenna is Is directly driven to suppress displacement current radiated or re-radiated from the closed loop antenna to an allowable value or less.
  • FIG. 11 shows a characteristic example of the inductive coupling loss of the magnetic wave signal in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the propagation loss of the electromagnetic wave signal in the atmosphere is 6 dB / oct in proportion to the square of the distance.
  • the inductive coupling loss of the magnetic wave signal is 12 dB in proportion to the fourth power of the distance when the transmitting side magnetic wave antenna and the receiving side magnetic wave antenna are vertically opposed to each other.
  • the propagation loss of the electromagnetic wave signal in seawater is as sharp as about 100 dB / m at 1 MHz band Since the inductive coupling loss of the magnetic wave signal attenuates gently to 12 dB / oct or 18 dB / oct compared with the above, the magnetic wave signal using inductive coupling of the fluctuating magnetic field is more advantageous in seawater, Wireless communication can be performed between a distance and a middle distance.
  • the magnetic wave signal when used, in an atmosphere, in a substance having a relatively large propagation loss of an electromagnetic wave signal, in a fresh water or seawater having a salinity concentration of 0% to 5%, or in a induction route by a combination thereof. Enables magnetic wave communication of arbitrary bandwidth from narrow band to wide band.
  • An adaptive closed loop antenna is provided, adaptive magnetic force wave signal transmitting / receiving means is provided, adaptive baseband signal transmitting / receiving means is provided, or a combination thereof is provided. It is necessary to adaptively control, change or switch the parameters of the antenna, the parameters of the magnetic wave signal, the parameters of the magnetic wave communication, or a combination thereof.
  • the adaptive control includes diversity control.
  • the magnetic wave antenna of the present invention is capable of 20 MHz from the low frequency range of several Hz or less. It is possible to efficiently radiate (transmit) the magnetic wave signal to the outside in any frequency region exceeding it and in seawater, and a wide range of practicality can be expected.
  • the closed loop antenna at least includes:
  • the magnetic wave signal transmission means is connected to the baseband signal transmission means, the magnetic wave signal reception means is connected to the baseband signal reception means, and the magnetic wave signal transmission / reception means is connected to the baseband signal transmission / reception means Or connected in a combination of these, and constitute a fixed station, a relay station, a mobile terminal, a portable terminal, a small RFID tag, or a combination thereof, and are fresh water, sea water, air, ground, Or, in the guidance route by these combinations, unidirectional communication, two-way communication, solid identification, individual management, point information management, crustal movement survey, conductor Quality exploration, marine resource exploration, or used for these combinations.
  • the magnetic wave communication is at least spread spectrum communication, secret communication, communication in seawater, and narrow band communication having an equivalent bandwidth of several Hz or less.
  • a wide band communication with a frequency ratio between the lower limit and the upper limit of the bandwidth being 10 or more, communication between short distance and middle distance, or communication by a combination of these.
  • the magnetic wave signal is composed of a baseband signal which is hard to exist in the natural world, and the induction is performed by measuring a change in propagation characteristics of the received baseband signal at the receiving side. Detects earthquakes, submarine volcano eruptions, tsunamis, movement of objects, movement of organisms, or a combination of these that occur in the path.
  • the magnetic wave antenna is used as a transmitting antenna of a wireless power feeder, is used as a receiving antenna of a wireless power feeder, and a magnetic wave communication unit is additionally used, or It is used in combination of these.
  • the magnetic wave antenna on the transmission side at least direct oscillation from a commercial power supply, oscillation from a commercial power supply via a transformer, and arranging a plurality of closed loop antennas in a mesh shape
  • the phase adjustment means are connected and oscillated, and the effective relative permeability is oscillated close to the magnetic body of 10 or more, and in the magnetic wave antenna on the receiving side, at least the number of turns on the transmitting side
  • the effective relative permeability is made larger than the effective relative permeability on the transmission side, and the opposing area is made narrower than the area on the transmitting side, or a combination thereof.
  • an adaptive closed loop antenna is provided, an adaptive magnetic wave signal transmission / reception means is provided, and an adaptive baseband signal transmission / reception is provided. Means, or a combination of these, in at least the local station, the remote station or both stations, parameters of the closed loop antenna, parameters of the magnetic wave signal, parameters of the magnetic wave communication, of the magnetic wave communication device Reliable control of magnetic wave communication is enabled by adaptively controlling, changing, or switching parameters or their combination.
  • the effective permeability of the magnetic material at the reception or reception side of the closed loop antenna is larger than the effective permeability of the magnetic material at the transmission time or transmission side, and the reception or reception time of the closed loop antenna
  • the number of turns on the side is greater than the number of turns on the transmit or transmit side
  • the area on the receive or receive side of the closed loop antenna is larger than the area on the transmit or transmit side.
  • the distance between the sides is wider than the distance between the two opposite sides at the time of transmission or transmission, or a combination thereof.
  • a part or all of the plurality of transmission side magnetic wave antennas and a part or all of the plurality of reception side magnetic wave antennas are vertically opposed, and the plurality of transmission side magnetic waves
  • the merit of the area expansion can be obtained.
  • the magnetic wave antenna is mounted on a moving body such as a ship or buoy on the ocean, and a plurality of moving bodies such as a submersible vessel or diver in seawater,
  • a magnetic wave antenna mounted on a moving body on the ocean and a magnetic wave antenna mounted on a plurality of moving bodies in the seawater face each other in the horizontal direction, and a magnetic force mounted on the plurality of moving bodies With the wave antennas facing each other in the vertical direction, all communications are monitored in the mobile on the ocean, and calls between the mobiles are conducted smoothly.
  • the eddy current can be reduced by arranging a nonmagnetic metal plate on the opposite side of the facing direction.
  • a directional antenna is realized by reflecting the magnetic field lines generated and emitted from the magnetic wave antenna in the opposite direction.
  • the present invention is configured as described above, in the atmosphere, in a substance with relatively large propagation loss of electromagnetic wave signals, in fresh water or seawater with a salinity concentration of 0% to 5%, or a combination thereof
  • the magnetic wave signal in the induction path it is in an arbitrary frequency range between a short distance and an intermediate distance, from a few Hz or less to over 20 MHz, and an arbitrary bandwidth from narrow band to wide band. Since the magnetic wave communication device using the magnetic wave signal can be realized at low cost, it has high practical value.
  • the present invention provides a communication system between a short distance and a medium distance, a collision prevention system for ships, a marine resource exploration system, biotelemetry, and the like in a guidance route by the atmosphere, fresh water, seawater, or a combination thereof.
  • Sensing networks mutual voice communication devices such as divers, RFID tag devices, communication / remote control devices with submersibles or undersea robots, search equipment for flooded or distressed persons, sounding instruments, fish finders, seafloor exploration equipment,
  • a wide range of applications are possible, such as metal detectors or wireless power feeds.
  • phase adjustment means including stray capacitance (including variable or semi-fixed) 705 Damping means 706 Transmission / reception switching means 707 Magnetic members 708, 708a to 708f Magnetic wave signal transmission / reception means 709 Base band signal transmission / reception means 710 Magnetic wave signal oscillation means

Abstract

La présente invention a pour but de proposer à bas prix une antenne à boucle magnétique et un dispositif de communication à champ magnétique l'utilisant qui permettent une communication à champ magnétique à l'aide de signaux de champ magnétique ayant une bande passante souhaitée, d'une bande étroite à une large bande, à des distances courtes-moyennes, de plusieurs centimètres à plusieurs kilomètres, dans un canal inductif comprenant de l'air, une substance dans laquelle des signaux électromagnétiques subissent des pertes de propagation comparativement élevées, de l'eau de mer ou de l'eau douce ayant une salinité de 0-5%, ou une combinaison de ces derniers. À cet effet, la présente invention concerne une antenne à boucle magnétique et un dispositif de communication à champ magnétique l'utilisant qui utilisent des signaux de champ magnétique qui sont couplés par induction par des champs magnétiques variables pour mettre en œuvre une communication à champ magnétique à large bande à des distances courtes-moyennes dans le canal inductif susmentionné, tout en empêchant l'antenne à boucle magnétique de présenter une importante perte due aux défauts d'adaptation due à un rayonnement ou à un rayonnement à nouveau d'un courant de déplacement.
PCT/JP2014/081654 2013-12-09 2014-11-28 Antenne à boucle magnétique et dispositif de communication à champ magnétique l'utilisant WO2015087724A1 (fr)

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