WO2015086163A1

WO2015086163A1 - Centrifugal dyeing apparatus for treating wound fabrics, in particular textile webs with liquids

Info

Publication number: WO2015086163A1
Application number: PCT/EP2014/025021
Authority: WO
Inventors: Thomas Widmer; Thomas Gerhard
Original assignee: Lab-Pro Gmbh
Priority date: 2013-12-09
Filing date: 2014-12-04
Publication date: 2015-06-18
Also published as: CH708107B1; US20160305056A1; EP3080347A1; CN105814250A

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for treating wound fabrics, in particular textile webs. The treatment comprises the bleaching, dyeing and washing of knitted and woven goods and nonwovens. These fabrics may contain cellulose, animal fibres, synthetic fibres and/or mixtures thereof. The fabrics would onto a perforated dyeing beam are treated with the liquids with the aid of centrifugal force such that a regular treatment is enabled at a consumption of water, chemicals and energy that is as low as possible. Disclosed is a centrifugal dyeing apparatus (100) having a closable container (1), a pump (14) for circulating the treatment liquor, and a driven dyeing beam (2) which is mounted rotatably in the container (1), is designed to receive a lap (4) of textile fabric and has a tube (3) with a perforation (37), characterized in that the provision is made of supporting beams (6), in that the supporting beams (6) radially support the lap (4), and in that the supporting beams (6) are connected to the dyeing beam (2).

Description

title

Zentnfugalfärbeapparat for the treatment of wound fabrics, in particular of textile webs with liquids

description

Subject and / or technical field

The invention relates to a Zentnfugalfärbeapparat for the treatment of wound fabrics, in particular of textile webs with liquids. The treatments include, but are not limited to, bleaching, dyeing, and washing knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics. These sheets may contain both cellulose, animal, artificial fibers and mixtures thereof. The sheets wrapped on a perforated dyeing tree are treated with the centrifugal force with the liquids so that a regular treatment at the lowest water, chemicals and

Energy consumption is enabled.

State of the art

Textile fabrics are treated with a variety of different processes on machines and apparatus to give them various properties such as color, gloss, softness, etc. All common methods and the associated machines and apparatus have in common that they cause a water, chemicals and energy costs. Supercritical CO 2 as a water substitute and thus without water has, probably because of the technical complexity is very large, can not prevail today in a large scale. Nevertheless, it might be interesting in the future to use the presented invention also in processes with C02.

The wastewater produced during the treatment process must be cleaned in sewage treatment plants, as otherwise the water will be polluted. Water, chemicals and

Energy consumption depends on procedures and machines used and

Apparatuses very different. The cost is dependent on the Composition of water, chemical, personnel and energy costs also varies widely. In addition to the costs, the quality of the treatment result is a criterion for the selection of the method and the machines and apparatus.

Depending on the selected process and the machines and apparatus as well as the properties of the textile fabric to be treated, such as elasticity,

Shrinkability under the influence of temperature, etc., it is sometimes difficult to treat this so that the qualitative result of the treatment in terms of levelness of the color, hairiness of the surface, dimensional stability, etc. is flawless.

It is known that textile fabrics in the discontinuous process

Jet dyeing machines, Baumfärbeapparaten and Jiggern be treated. Continuous processes and their devices, such as continuous bleaching or dyeing plants, are also known. Furthermore, the methods are used in different combinations in order to achieve qualitatively perfect results with the lowest possible cost.

In the batch processes and the associated machines and apparatus, the liquor ratio with the unit of measure liters per kilogram of product to be treated is an important parameter, which significantly influences both water, chemical and energy expenditure. The liquor ratio is defined as the minimum required amount of water in liters required for the individual process step divided by the mass of fabric to be treated in the machine or apparatus. An entire process consists of several individual process steps. Since the total consumption from the consumption of the individual process steps

From an economic as well as ecological point of view, it is important that the liquor ratio of a discontinuous dyeing machine or

Dyeing apparatus is the lowest possible.

Known discontinuous machines such as Jetfäbeanlagen or

Baumfärbeapparate work usually with liquor ratios of greater than 3 liters per kilogram of product, typically 4 - 20 liters per kilogram of goods, in the treatment of cellulosic fabrics respectively greater than 2 liters / kg, typically at 3 - 20 liters / kg, artificial fibers. With jiggers you can with full load and optimized processes with deeper

Treat naval relations. However, the jigger is only suitable for tensile-sensitive fabrics, since too delicate fabrics would be stretched below the goods tension required by the jigger. However, this stretching is usually undesirable because it can be reversed only limited. Furthermore, the process time is longer, especially for large product lengths than on jet

Dyeing machines.

Due to a good compromise of flexibility, consumption, quality and

Process time today is the jet dyeing machine probably the most widely used discontinuous dyeing machine for knitwear. In woven goods both

Jet dyeing machines as well as jiggers are often used. Due to the poor liquor ratio and the resulting higher process costs, tree dyeing machines are usually used only when there are jet dyeing machines or jiggers to qualitative problems of the treated sheet.

Below is a simplified but very typical process of bleaching and dyeing cotton knits on a jet dyeing machine.

1.) Fill: 5 liters of water per kilogram of goods

2.) bleaching (adding chemicals, heating and cooling again)

3.) Draining, rinsing: 2.5 liters per kilogram of goods

4.) Draining, rinsing: 2.5 liters per kilogram of goods

5.) Draining, filling: 2.5 liters per kilogram of goods

6.) Dyeing (adding salt, dye and chemicals and heating)

7.) 5 x draining and rinsing: 12.5 liters per kilogram of goods

8.) Drain

In total, this exemplary process consumes 25 liters of water per kilogram of goods. 17.5 liters of water per kilogram of goods and thus 70% of the total

Water consumption is consumed when rinsing.

As can be seen above, the first filling is 5 liters of water per kilogram of product. About 2.5 liters of water per kilogram of goods are absorbed by the goods. The machine needs the second 2.5 liters of water per kilogram of product, as the pipes, pump and heat exchanger must be filled to allow for continuous circulation. When the machine is emptied, 2.5 liters per kilogram of product leave the machine. The remaining 2.5 liters per kilogram of goods remain in the goods and thus in the machine. As a percentage of the weight of the goods 250% of the water remains in the product. This 250% is called retention and it depends mainly on the type of fiber.

As shown above, 70% of the water consumption is used during rinsing. Could reduce the retention capacity by 50%, the water consumption would be reduced by 35%. This is because rinsing is a dilution process and when only 50% of contaminated water needs to be diluted, only 50% of clean water is needed to achieve the same effect.

However, since the retention is given by the type of fiber, it is not feasible to reduce the retention capacity directly. However, if you could effectively remove the water from the fabric, this would equal a reduction of the retention capacity, since you would dilute less polluted water.

To save chemicals, one has to reduce mainly the liquor ratio, since the chemicals are used in large parts in the treatment steps, such as bleaching and dyeing. Most chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide and lye are used in milliliters or grams per liter of water so that the amount of chemicals used can be reduced in low liquor ratios. Based on the above example with a liquor ratio of 5 liters of water per kilogram of goods, for example, the amount of chemicals in a

Fleet ratio of 2.5 liters of water per kilogram of goods can be reduced by 50%.

A very widespread process is dyeing with reactive dye of fabric made of cellulosic material such as cotton or viscose. In this process, large amounts of salt are used. The salt has the function to increase the yield of the dye. Without the use of the salt, only a small portion of the dye would chemically bond with the fiber. The dye consumption would be higher and the non-chemically bound part would have to be washed out with higher water consumption.

In reactive dye processes, salt levels are from 20 to 150 grams per liter Water common. At lower liquor ratios, the amount of salt per liter of water can be reduced. Thus one has a double effect. If you can halve the liquor ratio, the absolute amount of salt can be reduced by more than half.

Furthermore, it is generally known that the water consumption during rinsing operations can be drastically reduced if the product is previously dewatered with centrifugal force. This procedure is applied to every household washing machine.

Already from US 1,195,606 it is known that textile fabrics can be treated successfully with the aid of centrifugal force. However, it should be noted that it is necessary to wind the sheet with a high draw. On train sensitive fabrics, such as knitwear or also longitudinally elastic woven goods, but you should not wrap with high train, because then the fabric loses its elasticity.

From DE 1760778 it is known that smaller amounts (2 - 3.5 kg) of nylon weave could be successfully dyed by means of the centrifugal force and spray tube. The woven fabric described is practically inelastic, so that it could be treated successfully with the described rotational speeds and thus centrifugal forces.

For longitudinally elastic, textile fabrics, such as knitwear with or without

Spandex, as well as elastic warp knit fabrics, is impractical because centrifugal force pulls the fabric out and creates imbalances that can damage both the fabric and the machine. Even with textile fabrics with voluminous, soft character imbalances arise, so that a treatment as described above is impossible.

There are also known Baumfärbeapparate in which the winding is rotated. However, this with a relatively modest speed, so that, as is common in tree dyeing, the pumping fluid is pressed through the winding and not by the centrifugal force as mentioned above. The interior of the dyeing tree is therefore completely filled with treatment liquor. This increases the amount of treatment liquor per kilogram of product, especially in the case of large stalk tree diameters. This disadvantage also has the disadvantages of the apparatuses described in US Pat. Nos. 1,195,606, 1,261,500, 1,261,501 and 1,266,110, since the interior of the dyeing tree must also be filled there.

A partial improvement in terms of a lower fleet ratio will be, as in EP 0230630, achieved with lying in the interior of the dyeing tree displacement bodies. It is also known that in the case of tree dyeing machines in which the winding is rotated, the level in the boiler can be lowered, so that this also leads to a partial improvement.

It is also known from the tree dyeing that unstable rolls are wrapped with an inelastic cloth. When winding the circumference of the coil is thus stabilized. That is, the circumference of the roll can not be extended by the wound around the winding cloth. Experiments have shown that a wrapping of longitudinally elastic or voluminous fabrics with a non-elastic as possible cloth brings some improvement, but is not sufficient to avoid asymmetric displacements of the coil. These shifts are greater, the softer the winding and the greater the layer thickness and speed. Such asymmetric

Displacements create pressure points on the fabric as well as strong imbalances and thus vibrations of the entire machine.

Chain structures, as known from US Pat. No. 1,261,500, US Pat. No. 1,261,501 and US Pat. No. 1,266,110, are also unable to avoid this asymmetric displacement. The circumference of the coil is kept constant by this chain formation. However, the chain structure can not avoid that the winding, especially if this is soft, is pressed on one side and on the opposite side by an extension experiences, so that from the round winding creates an asymmetrical structure. Such chain formations, unless they are very fine, further have the disadvantage that the protuberances and depressions of the structure are manifested by the pressure of the centrifugal force in the outer layers of the coil. This then leads to irregular treatments and thus color differences.

However, large layer thicknesses are important for economic reasons, since with smaller layer thicknesses fewer fabrics are treated and thus the system produces less. High speeds are advantageous because at high speeds, the winding body can be better dewatered and thus, as explained above, rinse water can be saved.

Presentation of the invention Based on the above-described prior art, the present invention seeks to treat the wound on a perforated Dye tree fabrics, especially elastic or soft fabrics, with the aid of centrifugal force with solutions so that a regular treatment at high

Layer thickness and at the lowest water, chemicals and energy consumption is made possible.

This object is achieved by a Zentrifugalfärbeapparat with a closable container, a pump for circulation of the treatment liquor, a rotatably mounted and driven in the container dyeing tree, which is adapted to receive a fabric fabric and having a tube with a perforation, wherein support beams are provided, wherein the support beams support the coil radially and wherein the support beams are connected to the dyeing tree.

Advantageously, it is proposed that support beams are provided that the support beams support the coil radially and that the support beams are connected to the dyeing tree, so that the winding in the subsequent treatments under the action of centrifugal force and flowing through the sheet

Treatment liquor can not expand radially. Furthermore, the device should make an asymmetrical displacement of the roll impossible, so that no imbalances can arise. Here, the support beams support the winding during operation radially.

It is advantageous that the support beams are arranged coaxially to the dyeing tree. Since the support beams are subjected to strong forces by the centrifugal force, it is advantageous if they are possible short. The coaxial arrangement achieves the shortest path across the sheet.

Further, it is advantageous if the support beams are made of closed hollow profiles. Closed hollow profiles have a very good flexural strength at the same time low (low) weight. Next, the profiles can also be closed laterally, so that no treatment liquid can penetrate into the profiles and thus they are also easy to clean.

The sheets are treated at different lengths on the centrifugal dyeing machine. Furthermore, the fabrics also have a variety of thicknesses. The Layer thicknesses after winding are therefore usually different, so that it is advantageous if the support beams of the layer thickness of the coil are adjustably adjustable.

It is advantageous that the support beams over the entire width of the roll (fabric width) are arranged, as well as the centrifugal force acts on the entire width of the fabric on the winding. Especially with elastic goods and only partial coverage of the winding would expand in the uncovered area.

Further, it is advantageous that perforated sheets, which serve as perforated support plates, are secured to the support beams and that the perforated sheets abut the winding. The perforated plates absorb the pressure on a wide area, so that it through the

Support beam comes to less impressions on the goods. Further, the perforated sheets may overlap so that the same sheets may be used for different roll diameters.

For inelastic goods, it is advantageous that the perforated sheets cover at least 10% of the roll circumference and the entire fabric width of the roll. This is because large parts of the centrifugal force are absorbed by the inherent stability of the coil. Nevertheless, since imbalances can arise, it is advantageous to support the winding over the entire width of the fabric, at least over 10% of the circumference of the winding.

It is particularly advantageous that the support beam forms a unit together with the support plate. By combining them into one part, weight can be saved so that less energy is needed when accelerating the coil. Next, the support beams must be attached by operators on the dome. A low dead weight is therefore also advantageous here.

An inexpensive solution is that the support beams are fastened to the non-perforated region of the tube of the dyeing tree via support carrier attachments, preferably to the left and right of the wrapping. This is because then the support beams can be made as short as possible. The support beams are thus only slightly longer than the maximum width of goods, so that they can be performed optimally in terms of strength.

An advantageous variant of the attachment of the support beam on the dyeing tree is that the support beams are fastened by screws to the non-perforated region of the tube of the dyeing tree. The fastening by screws allows the support beams steplessly can be adapted to the layer thickness. However, the screws must be secured so that they can not come loose during operation.

It is advantageous that the dyeing tree has side plates connected to the pipe. Due to the centrifugal force considerable forces on the support beams and their support bracket fasteners must be introduced into the dyeing tree. The support beam fasteners direct the force left and right of the winding and thus on the sides of the dyeing tree. The side plates reinforce the tube in an optimal way.

It is advantageous that the support beams on the support bracket attachments to the

Side plates of the dyeing tree are attached. As a result, no parts are radially from the dyeing tree, so that the fabric can be easily wound onto the dyeing tree.

An advantageous solution for the operator is that the support beam fastenings are rotatably mounted to the side plates by fitting screws and that the position of the support beam fastenings can be locked by spring bolts. This solution does not require tools to connect the support beams to the dyeing tree. The number of parts that the operator has to attach is thus reduced to the support brackets provided with the perforated sheets, so that the operator can make fewer mistakes when installing the device.

A further advantageous variant is that the support beams by means of screws and nuts on the side plates (preferably the two side plates) of the

Dye tree are attached. This solution, which is based on standard parts, is both infinitely cost-effective and can be continuously adapted to the layer thickness of the coil and is robust due to its direct attachment to the stable side plates. As already mentioned above, however, the screws or the nuts would have to be secured against twisting in order to prevent unintentional loosening during the treatment.

Especially in the case of wide fabrics, the support beams become very long and can elastically deform during the treatment. It is therefore advantageous that at least one band is guided around the support beams and around the winding. The band reinforced the support beams and reduced the elastic deformation during the treatment. In addition, the attachment of one or more such tapes can increase the flexural strength of the Support carrier reduced and thus the weight and the cost of the support beams are reduced.

As mentioned above, the windings have different layer thickness and the support beams must be radially displaceable thereby. It is therefore advantageous that the at least one band in the length is adjustable, otherwise bands would have to be provided in a variety of lengths.

It is advantageous that the container is designed as a pressure vessel. It is conceivable that one builds a centrifugal dyeing apparatus without pressure vessels, which is a lot cheaper in terms of cost. To carry out the container as a pressure vessel has the advantage that one can treat both sheets of cellulose as well as synthetic fiber material on the same apparatus. Further, in the bleaching process of cellulose fabrics, at temperatures above 100 ° C and thus under pressure, the

Treatment time can be reduced.

It is conceivable that you can use the dyebeam for winding in the

Centrifugal dyeing apparatus leaves. This is possible both in centrifugal dyeing apparatus with non-pressurized containers and in apparatuses equipped with pressure vessels. Centrifugal dyeing machines with pressure vessels, in which the dyeing tree for winding in the apparatus remains, however, are much more complex in structure, since for winding the dyeing tree this must be accessible in the full width of goods and thus the cylindrical part of the pressure vessel must be made laterally displaceable. It is therefore advantageous that the dyeing tree is removable from the container.

It is advantageous that the centrifugal dyeing apparatus has a spray tube which is arranged centrically to the dyeing tree. With highly permeable surface fabrics or high rotational speeds, no liquor layer forms in the dyeing tree. The

For this reason, the treatment liquor must be able to be applied regularly over the entire width of the fabric, otherwise the winding will be flowed through differently across the width. This would lead to an irregular treatment result without a spray tube.

It is advantageous that the treatment liquor aqueous solutions and / or a Solvent and / or CO 2 in the supercritical state serves. Many processes in textile finishing use aqueous solutions. Solvents are also used to remove grease and / or oil. Of course, one needed

Solvent operated plant further state of the art

Components such as a suction device and devices for cleaning the

Solvent. However, the washing process is also a dilution process, so that similar savings as in aqueous solutions are possible. Depending on the availability of water, it may be interesting in the near future to replace water with CO 2 in the overcritical state to transport the dye to the fiber. Thus, the Zentrifugalfärbeapparat or are in particular the

closable container and other components preferably designed so that such aqueous solutions and / or solvent and / or CO 2 can be used in the overcritical state as a treatment liquor to lead the dye to the fibers of the coil.

With the above-mentioned devices can thus be treated longitudinally sensitive sheet, which is not possible without this device. Furthermore, this has the advantage that wraps can be treated with much higher layer thickness, so that the capacity of the machine can be increased. Due to the radial supports, the speed of the dyeing tree can be increased, so that the flow through the winding can be increased if necessary. The speed when ejecting the roll before rinsing operations can be increased, so that less dirty water remains in the winding and thus flushing water can be saved.

Table 1 below shows the influence of the centrifugal force on the remaining water in the winding, it should be noted that due to the variety of fabrics and their different properties and the remaining water in the winding varies greatly. The main influence certainly has the fiber material, which is listed in column 1. However, even with the same fiber material, very large

Differences detectable. Thus, the remaining water in the polyester polyester can differ by a factor of two. This is the case, for example, when comparing a dense weave of polyester filament with a loosely knit polyester staple fabric. The property of being tightly sealed means that there is a certain tightness with respect to air and water. This is the case, for example, with a less permeable canvas. Knitted fabric is knitted fabric, due to the mesh deformation in the transverse or longitudinal direction occurs at appropriate tensile loads. Weaving is stiffer because weaving makes a relatively close arrangement of one thread next to the other. In the following Table 1 result from these different constructs, which includes, inter alia, knitted and woven goods, large areas, which are given here in percent (%).

From the table it can be seen that, regardless of the type of fiber, the more you hurl, the less water remains in the fabric. Thus, less water is needed during subsequent rinsing.

Table 1

Here, the reference quantity g = 9.81 m / s ^A 2 for the acceleration through the

Centrifugal force selected.

In column 1, the different fiber rates are mentioned.

Columns 2 - 4 contrast the different procedures and machines and apparatuses. For information purposes, column 5 also lists values which are reached during ejection according to ISO 53814. The in column 5

The values given here refer to the effect of an acceleration of 900 g on the respective fabric for a duration of 20 minutes.

Dripping (1 g) for 1 -2 minutes (see column 2): In today's widespread machines such as Jetfärbemaschine, Baumfärbeapparate or Jiggern is the

Plane drained only so that large amounts of water remain in the fabric. Centrifugal dyeing machine without holder (2 - 5 g) for 1-2 minutes (see column 3): In tensile-stable fabrics, which were wound up with a large train, it is possible to eject them without holders. However, many fabrics such as knitwear are so longitudinally elastic that already acceleration values of 1-2 g damage the material or imbalances arise. In these cases, the dyeing tree can only be rotated very slowly without holders. The drainage by centrifugal force is very modest in this case.

Centrifugal dyeing machine with holder (5 - 30 g) for 1-2 minutes (see column 4): The 5 - 30 g are acceleration values, which with the inventive

Zentrifugalfärbeapparat, can be achieved easily. In principle, higher acceleration values can also be achieved. However, the number and strength of the brackets would have to be adjusted.

When designing the brackets, however, care must be taken that the mass of the brackets must be included in the calculation for high acceleration values, since in addition to the strength of the brackets, the mass of the brackets also plays a decisive role. A deep mass of the brackets is therefore desirable.

With the centrifugal dyeing apparatus according to the invention, it is possible to carry out treatments at liquor ratios of less than 3 liters of water per kilogram of sheet in the case of cellulose fibers and less than 2 liters of water per kilogram of synthetic fibers.

Below is an example of a process in which elastic knitwear

Cotton is treated on a dyeing apparatus according to the invention. Each time before rinsing, the fabric is dewatered for 2 minutes:

1.) Fill: 3 liters of water per kilogram of goods

2.) bleaching (adding chemicals, heating and cooling again)

3.) Draining, spinning, rinsing: 1.5 liters per kilogram of goods

4.) Draining, spinning, rinsing: 1.5 liters per kilogram of goods

5.) Draining, spinning, filling: 1.5 liters per kilogram of goods

6.) Dyeing (adding salt, dye and chemicals and heating)

7.) 5 x draining and rinsing: 7.5 liters per kilogram of goods 8.) Drain

In total, 15 liters of water are consumed per kilogram of goods in this exemplary process.

If one compares with the above process on the invention

Zentrifugalfärbeapparat with the previous exemplary process on a jet dyeing machine, it can be seen that 10 liters of water per kilogram of goods and thus 40% of the water can be saved.

Comparable savings are also achieved in the quantities of chemicals and salts. The energy required to heat the process water is also reduced by 40%. However, since the energy required to heat the product and the machine is still the same, the total energy savings of about 20-30% are less than the water, chemical and salt savings.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment which is illustrated in the drawings. The following drawings are used for explanation. Show it:

FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of the centrifugal dyeing apparatus with spray tube and rotatable dyeing tree in the rotating state;

FIG. FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the centrifugal dyeing apparatus with spray tube and rotatable dyeing tree in the rotating state; FIG.

3 shows a Variantendetail the support bracket attachment;

4 shows a variant detail of the support bracket and

5 shows a Variantendetail the support bracket attachment.

Description of the embodiments

Fig. 1 shows the centrifugal dyeing apparatus (100) of the embodiment in a

Sectional view after loading the container (1) with the dyeing tree (2). As is known from the tree dyeing, in the region of the perforation (37) of the tube (3) the fabric is wound onto the dyeing tree (2) and thereby forms a roll (4). There The sheets are produced in different widths, cover plates (22) are provided which the perforated areas laterally of the coil (4), which are not covered with the winding (4), seal, otherwise large parts of the

Treatment liquid would not escape through the winding (4) but through the uncovered perforation (37) of the dyeing tree (2). These cover plates (22) can be further provided with radially projecting supports (23), so that the winding (4) during the treatment can not move axially. These supports (23) are optimally adapted to the layer thickness.

The trained according to an embodiment of the invention device for radial support of the roll (4) is composed essentially below

components described together. On the winding (4) over the entire width of the roll (4) resting the perforated support plates (5) are arranged. The individual support plates (5) cover each part of the circumference of the coil (4). Ideally, all support plates (5) together cover the entire circumference of the coil (4). However, in the treatment of longitudinally inelastic woven fabric, it may also be sufficient if at least 10% of the circumference of the roll (4) is supported. Since the support plates (5) are made of thin sheet metal, these can also overlap.

The support plates (5) are connected via the pipe clamps (32) with the support beams (6). The support beams (6) are then connected via the support beam fastenings (7) - preferably left and right of the winding - with the dyeing tree (2).

Various variants of this connection support plate (5) - support beam (6) - support beam attachment (7) - Dye tree (2) are possible here. The adaptation to the layer thickness of the coil (4) can be between all compounds or their

Combinations are realized. Further, it is also conceivable that one makes of individual parts of the brackets a single part. So, for example, by going out

Support beam (6) and the two support beam fastenings (7) constructed a single part.

It is also possible to construct a single part from support beam (6) and support plate (5).

In operation support the support beams (6) the winding (4) over the entire width

(Fabric width) of the coil (4). The support beams (6) support the winding (4) radially during operation, the support beams (6) being connected to the dyeing tree (2). Here are the following Features advantageous and implemented in this embodiment:

a) The support beams (6) are arranged in the frame of reference of the dyeing tree (2) rotating in operation about a rotation axis (40) with a stationary position relative to the dyeing tree (2). Specifically, the support beams (6) are here arranged parallel (coaxial) to the axis of rotation (40), as is apparent in particular from FIGS. 1 and 2.

b) The support beams (6) are fixed on both sides or left and right of the winding (4). This results in a relatively rigid arrangement of the support beam (6) relative to the axis of rotation (40) even at high speeds.

c) The distance and / or the position of the support beams (6) to the axis of rotation (40) is fixed during operation, but adjustable at a standstill. In this way, the support beams (6) and thus possibly also the perforated support plates (5) can be adjusted to the winding diameter before the beginning of the rotation of the dyeing tree (2).

Thus, in the winding (4) arranged by the same with a fixed and fixed radial distance to the axis of rotation support (6) and with a fixed and set radial distance to the axis of rotation arranged perforated support plates (5) already in the Operation substantially uniform symmetrical shape of the coil (4) can be ensured. This is then still supported by the axial supports (23), since these can be provided so that the winding (4) does not move axially during operation.

FIG. FIG. 2 shows by way of example how the support beam fastenings (7) radially to the

Side plates (38) of the dyeing tree (2) are made adjustable. Since it is advantageous when winding the sheet, when the tube (3) of the dyeing tree (2) is free of protruding parts, in the illustrated solution, the support beam fasteners (7) are rotatable about the dowel screw (34), so that the Stützträgerbefestigungen ( 7) when winding or unwinding of the fabric folded and with the

Spring bolt (33) can be fixed in the folded position. With the same spring bolts (33), the support beam fasteners (7) are fixed after winding on the winding (4) adapted position. The support beams (6) can be connected via the pipe clamps (32) with the support plates (5). The unit support beam (6) - pipe clamp (32) - support plate (5) is fixed with the spring pin (13) on the support bracket fasteners (7).

In the assembled state, therefore, the support plate (5) via the pipe clamps (32) to the support bracket (6) is connected. The support beam (6) is connected to the spring bolt (13) with the support beam fastenings (7). The support beam fasteners (7) are fixed to the side plates (38) of the dyeing tree (2) in the winding (4) adapted position. Thus, the coil (4) is held between the perforated support plate (5) and the tube (3) of the dyeing tree (2), which has the perforation (37) at least in the region of the coil (4), and thus can no longer radially move.

In the in FIG. 5 exemplarily shown variant becomes the function of the

Support bracket attachment (7) by a long screw (35) taken. The unit supporting beam (6) - pipe clamp (32) - supporting plate (5) is pulled with the screws (35) and the welded on the side plates (38) nut (39) to the winding (4) and thus connects the unit supporting beam ( 6) - Pipe clamp (32) - Support plate (5) with the coloring tree (2). So that the screw (35) does not come loose during the treatment, the screw (35) is still secured by a locking screw (36). This embodiment has the advantage that the unit supporting carrier (6) - pipe clamp (32) - support plate (5) even more precisely the layer thickness of the coil (4) can be adjusted and if necessary via the screws (35), a bias can be applied.

Another variant of the attachment of the support beam (6) is that the

Support beam (6) not as described above on the side plates (38) of the dyeing tree

(2), but adjustable on the tube (3) of the dyeing tree (2), that is, left and right of the winding (4) are attached.

In the in FIG. 3 exemplarily shown variant is the function of

Support bracket fasteners (7) by a long screw (35) taken. The screw (35) connects the unit supporting beam (6) - pipe clamp (32) - supporting plate (5) with the pipe

(3) the staining tree (2). The nut (39) is welded to the inside of the tube (3). The tube (3) has a hole in the region of the nut (39), so that the screw (35) can be inserted through the tube (3) and tightened. The screw (35) is still secured by a locking screw (36). It is also conceivable that the support beams (6) are mounted so as to be radially displaceable over the mostly existing supports (23). Similar to the solution shown in FIG. 3, the nut (39) can be attached to the supports (23) instead of the tube (3). Thus, then the unit support beam (6) - pipe clamp (32) - support plate (5) via the screws (35), the nut (39), supports (23) and the cover plates (22) with the tube (3) of the dyeing tree (2) connected.

Since a low weight and simultaneously high bending strength of the support beam (6) is advantageous, these are preferably designed with closed hollow profiles, as exemplified as round tubes or, for example, square hollow sections.

In the in FIG. 4 variant shown by way of example, the hollow profile of the support beam (6) and support plate (5) is formed. This solution can replace the unit supporting beam (6) - pipe clamp (32) - support plate (5). The support beam (6) must have holes so that the treatment solution can leave the support beam (6) radially. Both support beams (6) and the support plates (5) are advantageously produced from perforated sheet metal. This solution has the advantage that it has a low dead weight at the same time high

Has bending strength.

Depending on the required rotational speeds for the treatment of the roll (4) and the width of the dyeing tree (2) and the coil (4), it may be necessary, in addition to above support plates (5), support beams (6) and support beam fastenings (7) or to pull a plurality of bands (24) over the support beams (6) and the coil (4). Since the bands (24) abut against the support plates (5), these also reinforce the perforated support plates (5), so that they do not stand out from the winding (4) during the treatment. The bands (24) must be adaptable in length, so that these rest without play or with slight bias on the support beams (6) or support plates (5).

The number of units supporting beam (6) - pipe clamps (32) - support plate (5) - support beam fastenings (7) depends on the diameter of the coil (4). At least three pieces are needed to stabilize the winding (4). The larger the circumference of the roll (4), the more support beam (6) and support plates (5) are necessary to stabilize the winding. The support plates (5), support beams (6) and support beam fastenings (7), are advantageously already before the introduction of the wound dyeing tree (2) in the container (1) attached. In centrifugal dyeing apparatuses (100) in which the container (1) is not designed as a pressure vessel, the dyeing tree (2) may also be rotatably mounted in the machine. The fabric is then directly wound on the in the container (1) rotating dyeing tree (2). In this case, the support plates (5), support beams (6) and support tube fasteners (7) by the mantle of the container (1) located

Operating opening be attached.

Now that the roll (4) is secured against displacement both laterally and radially, one can begin the process. About the gear motor (8), two gears (9,10) and the driver (11) of the dyeing tree (2) is set in rotation. The dyeing tree (2) can be kept in rotation during the whole process.

The support beams (6) are preferably fastened at least indirectly via support beam attachments (7) to the left and right of the roll (4) or on both sides of the roll (4) at the non-perforated region of the tube (3) of the dyeing tree (2). The support beams are advantageously attached at least indirectly via the support beam fasteners (7) to the left and right of the reel (4) or on both sides of the reel (4) to the side plates (38) of the dyeing tree (2).

As is common with all batch dyeing machines and apparatuses, the centrifugal dyeing apparatus (100) can be filled with hot or cold water via the valves (26, 27). Next, the chemicals, dyes and salt needed over the

Batch tank (28), the retrieval pump (29) and the valve (30) are added to the water. The circulation pump (14) conveys the water-chemical-dye mixture through the heat exchanger (31) and the spray tube (17) into the rotating dyeing tree (2). With the heat exchanger (31), the mixture can be heated or cooled.

The sprayed via the spray tube (17) mixture is pressed by the centrifugal force to the inner wall of the dyeing tree (2) and forms a liquor layer (21). In the case of dense fabrics and low rotational speeds, the height of the liquor layer (21) is determined by the openings (12) located on the side surfaces of the dyeing tree (2). limited. The excess liquor (20) can leave the dyeing tree (2) via these openings (12). For very permeable fabrics and high

Rotation speeds, it may be that no liquor layer (21) forms. Through the perforation (37), the mixture reaches the coil (4) and penetrates it. The mixture then leaves the roll (4) over the perforated support plates (5) and is collected in the container (1). About the suction nozzle (18) and the suction line (19), the mixture again reaches the circulation pump (14), so that the mixture can be kept in circulation. When draining the mixture is optimally the

Increased rotation speed to improve the drainage of the coil (4).

The process flow does not differ in principle from jet dyeing machines or even tree dyeing machines. The main difference is that in the presented centrifugal dyeing apparatus (100):

1.) Can be operated with a liquor ratio of less than 3 liters per kilogram of sheet.

2.) Before each flushing can be spun off, so that

For example, fabrics made of cotton, which based on the

Goods weight 250% water, after spin containing less than 150% of the weight of goods.

However, these two process differences are sufficient, the consumption of water,

Massively reducing chemicals, salt and energy, so that the additional effort pays off both economically and ecologically.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1. Container 13. Spring bolt

2. Dyeing tree 14. Circulation pump

3. Pipe 15. Cover

4. Wound fabric (wrapping) 16. Pressing device

5. Perforated support plate 17. Spray tube

6. Support beam 18. Suction nozzle

7. Support bracket attachment 19. Suction line

8. Gear motor 20. Fleet surplus

9. Gear 21. Fleet layer

10. Gear 22. Cover plate

11. Driver 23. Supports

12. openings 24. reinforcement band 25. Hot water valve 33. Spring bolt

26. Cold water valve 34. Bolt

27. Drain valve 35. Screw

28. batch container 36. locking screw

29. Retrieval pump 37. perforation

30. Metering valve 38. Side plates

31. Heat exchanger 39. Mother

32. Pipe clamp 40. rotation axis

Claims

claims:

A centrifugal dyeing apparatus (100) with a sealable container (1), a

Pump (14) for circulating the treatment liquor, a dyeing tree (2) rotatably mounted and driven in the container (1), adapted to receive a fabric (4), and having a tube (3) with a perforation (Fig. 37), characterized in that support beams (6) are provided, that the support beams (6) radially support the winding (4) and that the support beams (6) are connected to the dyeing tree (2).

2. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to claim 1, characterized in that the support beams (6) are arranged coaxially to the dyeing tree (2).

3. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support beams (6) are made of closed hollow profiles.

4. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized

characterized in that the support beams (6) of the layer thickness of the coil (4) are adjustably adjustable.

5. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized

in that the support beams (6) are arranged over the entire width of the roll (4).

6. centrifugal dyeing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized

in that perforated support plates (5) are fastened to the support carriers (6) and in that the perforated plates (5) rest against the winding (4).

7. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to claim 6, characterized in that the perforated support plates (5) cover at least 10% of the winding circumference and the entire product width of the coil (4).

8. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the support carrier (6) together with the perforated support plates (5) forms a unit.

9. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized

characterized in that the support beams (6) via support carrier fastenings (7) on non-perforated portion of the tube (3) of the dyeing tree (2) are attached.

10. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized

in that the support beams (6) are fastened by screws (35) to the non-perforated region of the tube (3) of the dyeing tree (2).

11. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized

in that the dyeing tree (2) is connected to the pipe (3)

Side plates (38).

12. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to claim 11, characterized in that the support beams (6) on the support beam fasteners (7) on the side plates (38) of the dyeing tree (2) are fastened or that the support beam fasteners (7) by fitting screws (34) rotatably attached to the Side plates (38) are fastened and that the position of the support beam fastenings (7) by spring bolts (33) can be locked or that the support beams (6) by screws (35) and nuts (39) on the side plates (38) of the dyeing tree (2 ) are attached.

13. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized

in that at least one band (24) is guided around the support beams (6) and around the winding (4) and / or that the at least one band (24) is adjustable in length.

14. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized

in that the container (1) is designed as a pressure container and / or that the dyeing tree (2) is removable from the container (1) and / or that a spray tube (17) is provided, which is arranged centrically to the dyeing tree (2) ,

15. Zentrifugalfärbeapparat according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized

in that the treatment liquor used is aqueous solutions and / or a solvent and / or CO 2 in the supercritical state.