WO2015078921A1 - Procédé d'extraction de la cellulose, de l'amidon, de sucres, de protéines et d'hormones végétales d'un plant de maïs - Google Patents

Procédé d'extraction de la cellulose, de l'amidon, de sucres, de protéines et d'hormones végétales d'un plant de maïs Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015078921A1
WO2015078921A1 PCT/EP2014/075681 EP2014075681W WO2015078921A1 WO 2015078921 A1 WO2015078921 A1 WO 2015078921A1 EP 2014075681 W EP2014075681 W EP 2014075681W WO 2015078921 A1 WO2015078921 A1 WO 2015078921A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cellulose
extraction method
starch
order
extraction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/075681
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Roberto MENEGATTO
Luca Monacelli
Mario Menegatto
Ferruccio Beniamino GILBERTI
Original Assignee
Menegatto Roberto
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Menegatto Roberto filed Critical Menegatto Roberto
Publication of WO2015078921A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015078921A1/fr

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C5/00—Other processes for obtaining cellulose, e.g. cooking cotton linters ; Processes characterised by the choice of cellulose-containing starting materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • D21C11/00—Regeneration of pulp liquors or effluent waste waters
    • D21C11/0007—Recovery of by-products, i.e. compounds other than those necessary for pulping, for multiple uses or not otherwise provided for

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of extraction of cellulose, starch, sugars, proteins and plant hormones from the maize plant at lactic ripeness.
  • hemicellulose with a high molecular weight which comprises a treatment with hydrogen peroxide during or after the treatment of the ground maize fiber with an alkaline solution, which is often referred to as the "AHP" process.
  • AHP alkaline solution
  • Another method is acid extraction based on hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, which however has shown to lead to extensive hydrolysis of the hemicellulose.
  • AFEX Ammonia Fiber Explosion
  • the aim of the present invention is thus to provide a new method of extraction of raw materials from the maize plant, which makes it possible to eliminate the drawbacks described above in the known art.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a process of extraction for cellulose of good quality.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a process of extraction for cellulose and other derivative products for use in the paper, zootechnical and pharmaceutical industries.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a process of extraction for cellulose and other derivative products which makes it possible to exploit all the components of the maize plant.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a process of extraction for raw materials from the maize plant which makes it possible to increase the availability of the raw materials, the environmental safety, and the production of energy at no cost.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a process of extraction for raw materials from the maize plant which does not lead to the production of highly toxic toxins.
  • Another object of the invention to provide a process of extraction for cellulose and other derivative products which is economical, practical and easily scalable to industrial level.
  • This aim is achieved by providing a method of extraction of cellulose, starch, sugars, proteins and plant hormones from the maize plant, which involves:
  • a step of grinding and pressing in order to obtain a cellulose-based fibrous residue for zootechnical use and a concentrated solution containing sugars, proteins, starch and plant hormones for food and/or pharmaceutical and/or zootechnical use;
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram of the method of extraction of cellulose, starch, sugars and proteins from the components of green maize at lactic ripeness according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the extraction process according to the present invention meets the needs of increasing the availability of raw materials that can be obtained from the maize plant, of increasing the food safety, while preventing the production of toxins toxic to the human body, and producing energy at no cost.
  • the green maize plant, harvested at the lactic ripeness stage could in fact become a mine of raw materials for use in the food, zootechnical and industrial fields.
  • energy at no cost derives from the saving of raw materials for food use for the same end result, owing to their greater nutritional efficiency, and from the greater amount of solar energy transferred to the plants and conserved in the various fractions thereof.
  • the extraction process according to the present invention comprises the separation of the cob from the maize plant, which is harvested at a certain stage of ripeness, in particular during the lactic ripeness stage, in order to obtain the following three fractions:
  • the process described begins with green maize at lactic ripeness, which makes it possible to obtain double of the harvest in a year.
  • the fractionation of the maize plant, harvested at the lactic ripeness stage, makes it possible to obtain raw materials capable of rendering this crop competitive and very profitable.
  • the extraction process described below is based on two types of processes: a) physical/mechanical processes for the separation of the various components (grinding, pressing, concentration and drying) and b) biochemical processes (hydrolysis and fermentation).
  • the process described in Figure 1 begins with receiving the maize at lactic ripeness, which is the first step of the ripening cycle of the caryopses of the maize.
  • lactic ripeness is the first step of the ripening cycle of the caryopses of the maize.
  • the caryopses of the maize are still green and have a water content of 55-60% and a milky/pasty consistency.
  • the maize undergoes a process of threshing which separates: a first component of the maize, which comprises cobs, a second component of the maize, which comprises stalk and leaves, and a third component, which comprises the bracts.
  • the first, the second and the third components separately or simultaneously undergo a process of fine grinding and pressing with presses.
  • the process of pressing can be carried out with an endless screw press or the like.
  • the third component which comprises the bracts, once it is separated from the first component, which comprises the cobs only, is added to the second component, which comprises the stalk and the leaves, for the subsequent step of grinding and pressing.
  • Each of the components undergoes a process of grinding and pressing from which a cellulose-based fibrous residue and a concentrated solution containing sugars, proteins, starch and plant hormones are obtained.
  • the concentrated solutions containing sugars, proteins, starch and plant hormones undergo a further treatment of filtration and centrifugation which makes it possible to obtain, from each concentrated solution, a proteinic solution, a sugary serum, and starch.
  • the proteinic solutions and the sugary serums obtained together with the fibrous residues are products that can already be used for zootechnical and food use.
  • the extraction method according to the present invention further involves a subsequent treatment of the fibrous residue that was obtained by way of the previous process of grinding and pressing.
  • the fibrous residue is in fact subsequently conveyed to a system of the autoclave type where it undergoes a series of treatments designed to obtain products both for use in the paper industry and for zootechnical and food use.
  • the apparatus of the autoclave type contains a solution of water and NaOH at a pH level comprised between 9 and 14.
  • the cellulose-based fibrous residue enters the system where it undergoes the treatment in the presence of water and NaOH. Subsequently the treated fibrous residue undergoes a bleaching process which is carried out with the use of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 0 2 ) in order to obtain the bleached cellulose.
  • H 2 0 2 hydrogen peroxide
  • the bleached cellulose undergoes a process of washing in order to eliminate the residues of NaOH and H 2 0 2 that may have remained from the previous treatments.
  • the cellulose, bleached and washed is subjected to a pressing process which makes it possible to separate the cellulose from the liquid of cleaning/pressing.
  • the separated cellulose undergoes a process of drying at the end of which a cellulose is obtained which can be used for paper-making.
  • the cleaning and pressing liquid containing proteins and other compounds a percentage returns to the autoclave type system and a part is brought to a neutral pH level with lactic acid and fermented with various bacterial strains. After the fermentation, the fermented liquid undergoes a hot concentration process at a temperature comprised between 40 and 90°C which results in a further concentrated solution from which is obtained, by way of filtration and centrifugation, a further proteinic solution.
  • the proteinic solution obtained from the fermentation process is a product that can be used in the zootechnical sector.
  • - Proteinic solution contains ⁇ carotene, xanthophyll and B-group fat-soluble vitamins which can be used for zootechnical foods (feed for cattle, poultry and pigs).
  • - Sugary serum contains fructose and glucose which can be used for food and zootechnical use and for the production of alcohol.
  • Concentrated solution contains proteins, sugars, starch and plant hormones from the cytokinin family, including in particular zeatin.
  • Table 1 shows the % yields of the solid products obtained during the various steps of the entire process.
  • Table 2 shows the % yields of the solid products obtained according to an example of the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the method described by the present invention makes possible a series of benefits and makes it possible to render maize cultivation highly profitable.
  • the products obtained are free from aflatoxins and thus make it possible to freely use the products for food and zootechnical use.
  • the method of the present invention and in particular the step of fermentation, play an extremely important role in conserving the energy contained in the raw material and makes it possible to obtain:
  • the materials employed, as well as the dimensions, may be any according to requirements and to the state of the art.

Landscapes

  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé d'extraction de la cellulose, de l'amidon, de sucres, de protéines et d'hormones végétales d'un plant de maïs, ledit procédé impliquant : (a) une sélection de plants de maïs ayant une certaine maturité lactique ; (b) le battage des plants ayant la maturité lactique ; (c) la séparation, du produit du battage, d'au moins un premier composant sélectionné parmi l'amidon et/ou les feuilles et/ou les bractées et/ou les épis ; au moins un premier composant ainsi obtenu étant soumis aux étapes suivantes : (d) une étape de broyage et de pressage afin d'obtenir un résidu fibreux à base de cellulose destiné à une utilisation zootechnique et une solution concentrée contenant des sucres, des protéines, de l'amidon et des hormones végétales pour une utilisation alimentaire et/ou pharmaceutique et/ou zootechnique ; (e) une étape de filtration et de centrifugation de la solution concentrée ainsi obtenue afin d'obtenir une solution protéique, un sérum sucré et de l'amidon pour une utilisation alimentaire et/ou pharmaceutique et/ou zootechnique.
PCT/EP2014/075681 2013-11-28 2014-11-26 Procédé d'extraction de la cellulose, de l'amidon, de sucres, de protéines et d'hormones végétales d'un plant de maïs WO2015078921A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI2013A001993 2013-11-28
IT001993A ITMI20131993A1 (it) 2013-11-28 2013-11-28 Metodo di estrazione di cellulosa, amido, zuccheri, proteine e ormoni vegetali dalla pianta di mais

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015078921A1 true WO2015078921A1 (fr) 2015-06-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2014/075681 WO2015078921A1 (fr) 2013-11-28 2014-11-26 Procédé d'extraction de la cellulose, de l'amidon, de sucres, de protéines et d'hormones végétales d'un plant de maïs

Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) ITMI20131993A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015078921A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB207337A (en) * 1922-10-18 1923-11-29 Hermann Plauson Process for the production of paper from peat
US3216886A (en) * 1964-02-04 1965-11-09 Katzen Raphael Process for the preparation of bagasse fibers
WO2001016423A1 (fr) * 1999-08-30 2001-03-08 North Carolina State University Procede de preparation de pate pour tiges de mais et autres materiaux fibreux non ligneux
WO2003063609A1 (fr) * 2002-01-30 2003-08-07 Ibetech S.R.L. Procede et plante pour la conversion de graines
US20060173169A1 (en) * 2005-01-06 2006-08-03 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Method and system for corn fractionation
WO2006113683A2 (fr) * 2005-04-19 2006-10-26 Archer-Daniels-Midland Company Procede pour la production d'aliment pour animaux et d'ethanol et aliment nouveau
US20100260918A1 (en) * 2009-04-01 2010-10-14 Hui Wang Novel corn degerming Ethanol fermentation processes
WO2012075481A1 (fr) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-07 Chie Ying Lee Système et procédé pour séparer des sous-produits à valeur élevée des grains utilisés pour la production d'alcools

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB207337A (en) * 1922-10-18 1923-11-29 Hermann Plauson Process for the production of paper from peat
US3216886A (en) * 1964-02-04 1965-11-09 Katzen Raphael Process for the preparation of bagasse fibers
WO2001016423A1 (fr) * 1999-08-30 2001-03-08 North Carolina State University Procede de preparation de pate pour tiges de mais et autres materiaux fibreux non ligneux
WO2003063609A1 (fr) * 2002-01-30 2003-08-07 Ibetech S.R.L. Procede et plante pour la conversion de graines
US20060173169A1 (en) * 2005-01-06 2006-08-03 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Method and system for corn fractionation
WO2006113683A2 (fr) * 2005-04-19 2006-10-26 Archer-Daniels-Midland Company Procede pour la production d'aliment pour animaux et d'ethanol et aliment nouveau
US20100260918A1 (en) * 2009-04-01 2010-10-14 Hui Wang Novel corn degerming Ethanol fermentation processes
WO2012075481A1 (fr) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-07 Chie Ying Lee Système et procédé pour séparer des sous-produits à valeur élevée des grains utilisés pour la production d'alcools

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Publication number Publication date
ITMI20131993A1 (it) 2015-05-29

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