Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
  • A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts

Definitions

• the present disclosure relates to a system for de-shelling shelled articles. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a system for removing a shell of a shelled cashew nut without damaging the cashew nut kernel.
• a large number of dry fruits such as raw cashew-nuts, pistachios and walnuts are present in form of a kernel contained within a hull, pod, husk; or shell in which the same is naturally encapsulated. More specifically, the shell is having two parts exocarp and a mesocarp, the shell is joined at the line of dehiscence.
• Such dry-fruits are in great demand throughout the world and are exported in both shelled and de- shelled states. However, most of the dry-fruit wholesalers and retailers propose to package and sell dry-fruits in de-shelled state, wherein said shells are removed from the kernel.
• most of the processes including the cashew-nut de-shelling process are manual processes.
• the cashew-nuts are required to be graded according to size before feeding.
• the grading of the cashew-nuts before feeding to the mechanical de-shelling machine is done manually or with the help of an automatic grading machine and accordingly, the mechanical de-shellers of the prior art fail to minimize dependency on manual work.
• the shelled article or cashew-nut is not appropriately positioned or oriented as the shearing blades strike the raw cashew-nut from the "hump side” and the "ends side” of the raw cashew nut.
• This may cause the shearing blade to form inappropriate cuts on both sides i.e. the "hump side” and the "ends side” of the cashew-nut and the shell of the cashew nut is either left uncut or provided with a much deeper cut than required on either one side. More specifically, if the shearing blade traverses more through the shell at the "hump side” it may cause damage to the kernel and if the shearing blade traverses less through the shell at the "hump side” it may leave the shell uncut.
• both instances are not desirable. More specifically, in case the cashew nut shell is left uncut, the breaking of the shell to access the kernel is difficult and in case the cut is deeper that required, the shearing blade may damage the kernel. Further, with the conventionally known configuration, the shearing blades approach the cashew nut shell from both sides and are adapted to travel by same distance and form same depth of cut on both sides of the cashew-nut shell. However, such a configuration also may cause the shearing blades to either leave the shell of the cashew nut uncut or provide a much deeper cut than required. More specifically, in case of manual de-shelling, about 2-25 percent of the kernels are damaged due to deeper cut of shearing blades striking and damaging the kernel.
• a mechanical de-shelling machine that enables the shearing blades striking on sides of the cashew nut to form appropriate cuts on both sides of the cashew-nut shell, thereby reducing chances of un-cut shell or damage to the kernel due to over-penetration of the shearing blades. Further, there is a need for a mechanical de-shelling machine that increases yield and productivity. Furthermore, there is a need for a mechanical de-shelling machine that can handle different sized cashew-nuts and eliminates the need to grade the cashew-nuts according to size before feeding the cashew-nuts to the mechanical de-shelling machine.
• An object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that enables appropriate positioning and orienting of a raw cashew nut to be de-shelled with respect to line of dehiscence for ensuring that a pair of shearing blades strike the raw cashew nut along the line of dehiscence of the raw cashew-nut at both sides i.e. the "hump side” and the "ends side", thereby enabling the shearing blades to form appropriate cuts on both sides of the cashew-nut shell.
• Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that forms appropriate cuts on both sides of the cashew-nut shell, i.e. the "hump side” and the "ends side” by strategically providing unequal depth of cuts at the "hump side” and the "ends side” of the cashew nut.
• Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that forms appropriate cuts on both sides of the cashew-nut shell, i.e. the "hump side” and the "ends side", thereby reducing chances of un-cut shell or damage to the kernel due to over-penetration of the shearing blades.
• Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that continuously de-shells cashew-nuts, irrespective of size of cashew-nuts fed there-to.
• Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that can handle cashew-nuts of any size, thereby eliminating the need to grade the cashew-nuts before feeding to the automatic de-shelling machine.
• Another objective of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that automatically adjusts position and orientation of a "hump side” and an "ends side” of a cashew nut with respect to the shearing blades and according adjusts the depth of cut to be provided at the "hump side” and the "ends side” of the cashew nut.
• Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that requires less power for operation thereof.
• Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that maximizes recovery of kernels naturally encapsulated within the shell and accordingly increases the yield.
• Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that facilitates cracking and de-shelling action to be performed automatically and in continuous fashion.
• Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that reduces chances of damage to kernel held inside the shell due to uncontrolled piercing depth of blade in to the shell and uncontrolled piercing forces acting on the shell.
• Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that reduces financial losses occurring due to damage to the kernel held inside the shell due to uncontrolled piercing of the blades in to the shell during the de- shelling operation.
• Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that restrains handling of nuts by workers during processing thereof, thereby reducing chances of contamination.
• Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that carries out the de-shelling operation in a fully automatic manner without much human intervention.
• Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic de-shelling machine that is easy to use and maintain.
• the automatic de-shelling machine for removing shell of a shelled article is disclosed in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
• the automatic de- shelling machine includes a frame, a picking and dispensing sub-assembly, a queuing and release sub-assembly and an orienting and cutting sub-assembly.
• the picking and dispensing sub-assembly is supported on the frame and picks and dispenses shelled articles one by one.
• the queuing and release sub-assembly is disposed down-stream of the picking and dispensing assembly and receives and orients the shelled article in a desired, pre-determined orientation before releasing.
• the orienting and cutting subassembly ensures that the shelled article is in the desired, pre-determined orientation so that depth of cut on a pre-determined side of the shelled article is controlled.
• the orienting and cutting sub-assembly includes a rotating pulley arrangement, a first shearing blade and a spring loaded second shearing blade.
• the rotating pulley arrangement receives and supports the shelled article along periphery thereof and moves the shelled article radially as the shelled article moves along periphery of the rotating pulley arrangement to topple the shelled article for facilitating orienting of the shelled article to the desired, pre-determined orientation.
• the first shearing blade is disposed between the rotatable pulleys of the rotating pulley arrangement and is moved therewith for shearing the pre-determined side of the shelled article.
• the spring loaded second shearing blade is adjustably urged towards a side of the shelled article that is opposite to the pre-determined side depending upon size and orientation of the shelled article, thereby controlling depth of cut on both sides of the shelled article.
• the first shearing blade moves with the rotatable pulleys of the rotating pulley arrangement, wherein the rotating pulley arrangement derives torque from the ratchet wheel.
• the picking and dispensing sub-assembly includes a hopper, a receiving chamber and at least one picking element.
• the hopper receives shelled articles to be de-shelled.
• the receiving chamber defines an enclosure for receiving and supporting a pre-determined quantity of the shelled articles received from the hopper.
• the at least one picking element is rotatably supported on a first rotating shaft and picks the shelled articles one by one from the receiving chamber and delivers the shelled articles one by one.
• the automatic de-shelling machine includes a directing roller disposed of the hopper and upstream of the receiving chamber to direct the shelled articles from the hopper towards the receiving chamber.
• the directing roller derives rotational power from the first rotating shaft via a power transmission drive selected from a group consisting of a chain drive, a pulley drive and a gear drive.
• the receiving chamber includes a curved operative bottom support plate, a pair of side plates and a closing plate that are connected to each other to define the enclosure.
• the operative bottom support plate supports the shelled articles and has an opening configured thereon for receiving a pre-determined quantity of shelled articles inside the receiving chamber between the opening and the closing plate.
• the queuing and release sub-assembly includes a pivotably supported tray, a ratchet wheel, a queuing door and a release door.
• the pivotably supported tray receives shelled articles one b one delivered thereto by the picking element.
• the ratchet wheel with teeth configured thereon rotates and intermittently interacts with the tray for vibrating the tray for facilitating orienting of the shelled article received thereby to the desired pre-determined orientation.
• the ratchet wheel derives rotational power from the first rotating shaft via a power transmission drive selected from a group consisting of chain drive, pulley drive and gear drive.
• the queuing door is disposed operatively above and movable with respect to the tray to retain said shelled article until the shelled article is oriented to the desired, pre-determined orientation.
• the queuing door moves away from the tray for releasing the shelled article when actuated by a first rocker arm that in turn is actuated by rotation of the ratchet wheel.
• the release door is disposed downstream of the queuing door and releases the shelled article received thereby from the queuing door when actuated by a second rocker arm that in turn is actuated by rotation of the ratchet wheel.
• the rotating pulley arrangement includes a pair of pulleys configuring a modified V-notch pulley having V-notch configured along the circumference thereof such that depth of the V-notch varies along circumference of the modified V-notch pulley, the V-notch receives and ' supports the shelled article and move the shelled article radially as the shelled article moves along periphery of the rotating modified V-notch pulley to topple the shelled article for facilitating orienting of the shelled article to the desired, pre-determined orientation.
• the first shearing blade is disposed between the rotating pulleys of the modified V-notch pulley.
• the rotating pulley arrangement includes a pair of rotatable outer pulleys and a pair of rotatable inner pulleys.
• the rotatable outer pulleys receive and guide the shelled article along a curved path.
• the rotatable inner pulleys are disposed between the rotatable outer pulleys and are rotatable about an axis that is offset from axis of rotation of the pair of rotatable outer pulleys.
• the periphery of the rotatable inner pulleys support the shelled article and move the shelled article radially outwards to topple the shelled article for facilitating orienting of the shelled article to the desired, pre-determined orientation as the shelled article is guided between the pair of rotatable outer pulleys.
• the first shearing blade is disposed between pair of rotatable inner pulleys.
• the automatic de-shelling machine includes a dislodging element that dislodges a shelled article accidently trapped between the rotating pulleys of the rotating pulley arrangement, wherein the dislodging element is actuated by a third rocker arm that in turn is actuated by rotation of the ratchet wheel.
• the automatic de-shelling machine includes an adjustably urging subassembly that adjustably urges the second shearing blade towards opposite side of the shelled article depending upon size and orientation of the shelled article.
• the adjustably urging sub-assembly includes a sensing wheel, an engaging element and an urging element.
• the sensing wheel is provided with a plurality of angularly spaced stepped platforms.
• the sensing wheel is angularly moved by a fourth rocker arm that in turn is actuated by rotation of the ratchet wheel based on size, configuration and orientation of shelled article held between the first and second shearing blades.
• the engaging element interacts with the angularly spaced stepped platforms to move gradually with respect to the sensing wheel.
• the urging element is connected to and moves with the engaging element to adjustably urge the second shearing blade towards the side that is opposite to the pre-determined side of the shelled article depending upon size and orientation of the shelled article, thereby controlling depth of cut on both sides of the shelled article.
• Figure la illustrates a conventional mechanical de-shelling machine, wherein a pair of shearing cutters is guided through a pair of blade guides to strike a shelled cashew nut held between the blade guides with its "hump side" pointing operatively rightwards;
• Figure lb illustrates a conventional mechanical de-shelling machine, wherein the cashew-nut is held between the blade guides with its "ends side” pointing operatively rightwards;
• Figure lc illustrates a cross-sectional view of the pair of blade guides of the conventional mechanical de-shelling machine of Figure la, wherein the blade guides are provided with notches formed thereon to hold the cashew nut;
• Figure Id illustrates a top view of the conventional mechanical de-shelling machine of Figure la;
• Figure 2a illustrates a front view of a modified v- belt pulley also referred to as the v- notch pulley for a mechanical de-shelling machine in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein depth of the v-notch configured along the periphery varies along the periphery of the pulley, the v-notch receives the cashew nut with the "ends side" pointing operatively upwards;
• Figure 2b illustrates a front view of a modified v-belt pulley of Figure 2a, wherein the v-notch receives the cashew nut with the "hump side" pointing operatively upwards;
• Figure 2c illustrates a side view of the modified v-belt pulley of Figure 2a configured by assembling two portions;
• Figure 2d illustrates a swinging door disposed over the modified v-belt pulley of the mechanical de-shelling machine
• Figure 2e illustrates one half configuring the modified v-belt pulley of Figure 2c
• Figure 3a - Figure 3f illustrates schematic representation depicting different stages during the operation of the mechanical de-shelling machine, wherein the cashew-nut to be de- shelled changes it's position with respect to a first shearing blade disposed between the pulleys of the modified v-belt pulley and a spring loaded second shearing blade;
• Figure 5 illustrates a one-by one feeder for the automatic mechanical de-shelling machine, wherein the one-by one feeder feeds the cashew nut one by one into the mechanical de-shelling machine;
• Figure 6 illustrates a schematic representation of a blade guide of the pair of blade guides held between the half portions configuring the modified v-belt pulley of the mechanical de-shelling machine
• Figure 7 illustrates a schematic representation of a first shearing blade disposed between the pair of blade guides held between the half portions configuring the modified v-belt pulley
• Figure 8a and Figure 8b illustrates schematic representation of a first shearing blade disposed between the pair of blade guides held between the half portions configuring the modified v-belt pulley
• Figure 9 illustrates a schematic representation of an automatic mechanical de-shelling system having a picking and dispensing sub-assembly, a queuing and release subassembly and an orienting and cutting sub-assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
• Figure 10 illustrates a schematic representation of the automatic mechanical de- shelling system supported on a frame
• Figure 11 illustrates interaction between a pivotably supported tray and a ratchet wheel of the queuing and release sub-assembly of Figure 9;
• Figure 12a illustrates a queuing door of the queuing and release sub-assembly of Figure 9 in a closed configuration for retaining the shelled article thereby;
• Figure 12b illustrates the queuing door of Figure 12a in an open configuration for releasing the shelled article thereby upon actuation by a first rocker arm and linkages
• Figure 13a illustrates a shelled article supported along periphery of rotatable inner pulleys disposed between the pair of outer pulleys, wherein the shelled article is supported in a configuration other than the desired pre-determined configuration
• Figure 13b illustrates a shelled article supported and toppled along the rotatable inner pulleys for facilitating orienting of the shelled article to the desired, pre-determined orientation
• Figure 14a and Figure 14b illustrates side view of the rotatable outer pulleys
• Figure 14c illustrates a side view of a rotatable inner pulley
• Figure 15a illustrates an assembled view of an assembly of the pair of rotatable outer pulleys, the pair of rotatable inner pulleys, the first shearing blade, the dislodging element, the first rocker arm and the second rocker arm;
• Figure 15b illustrates an exploded view of the assembly of Figure 15a;
• Figure 15c illustrates another exploded side view of the assembly of Figure 15a
• Figure 16 illustrates an assembled view of the rotatable inner pulleys assembled with the rotatable outer pulleys
• Figure 17a illustrates a dislodging element connected to a third rocker arm that in turn is actuated by rotation of the ratchet wheel
• Figure 17b - Figure 17c illustrates different positions of the dislodging element with respect to an assembly of rotatable inner pulleys and rotatable outer pulleys, particularly positions of the dislodging element before striking the shelled article and while dislodging the shelled article;
• Figure 18a illustrates the shelled article just before being received between the first shearing blade disposed between the rotatable inner pulleys and a spring loaded second shearing blade that is adjustably urged towards a side of the shelled article that is opposite to the desired, pre-determined side depending upon size and orientation of the shelled article;
• Figure 18b illustrates the shelled article received between the first shearing blade and the spring loaded second shearing blade
• Figure 19a illustrates a schematic representation depicting interaction between various elements i.e. a sensing wheel, an engaging element and an urging element of an adjustably urging sub-assembly;
• Figure 19b illustrates a schematic representation of another view of the adjustably urging sub-assembly
• Figure 20 illustrates a schematic representation of the sensing wheel of Figure 19a and a fourth rocker arm mounted on a shaft;
• Figure 21 illustrates a top view of the automatic mechanical de-shelling system.
• Figure la illustrates a conventional mechanical de-shelling machine 100, wherein a pair of shearing cutters 10a and 10b are guided through a pair of blade guides 20a and 20b to strike a cashew nut "C" held between the blade guides 20a and 20b with its "hump side” pointing operatively rightwards.
• Figure lb illustrates a conventional mechanical de-shelling machine 100, wherein the cashew-nut "C” is held between the blade-guides 20a and 20b with the "ends sides" of the cashew nut "C” pointing operatively rightwards.
• Figure lc illustrates a cross-sectional view of the pair of blade guides 20a and 20b of the conventional mechanical de-shelling machine 100, wherein the blade guides 20a and 20b are provided with notches 21a and 21b formed thereon to hold the cashew nut "C".
• Figure Id illustrates a top view of the conventional mechanical de-shelling machine 100.
• Figure 2a illustrates a front view of a modified v-belt pulley or the v-notch pulley 110 for a mechanical de-shelling machine in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein depth "X" of the v-notch "N" (illustrated in Figure 2c) configured along the periphery of the modified v-belt pulley 110 varies along the periphery of the modified v-belt pulley 110. More specifically, the modified v-belt pulley 110 for a mechanical de-shelling machine 100 is formed by assembling together a first half portion 112 and a second half portion 114. Referring to Figure 2e, one half portion 112 configuring the modified v-belt pulley 110 is illustrated. With such configuration, at certain portion of the periphery, the v-notch "N" has a depth "XI” whereas at other portion of the periphery the v-notch "N” has a depth "X2".
• the v-notch “N” either receives the cashew nut "C” with the "ends side” pointing operatively upwards as illustrated in Figure 2a or with the "hump side” pointing operatively upwards as illustrated in Figure 2b. If the cashew nut "C” is received inside the v-notch “N” in the configuration illustrated in Figure 2b, the cashew nut “C” is in stable configuration as it is having two-point support and remains in that configuration.
• a swinging door 140 as illustrated in Figure 2e acts as a stopper to hold the cashew nut "C” and as the modified v-belt pulley 110 rotates, the cashew nut moves from the unstable configuration to the stable configuration illustrated in Figure 2b.
• Figure 3a - Figure 3f illustrates schematic representation depicting different stages during the operation of the mechanical de-shelling machine 200, wherein the raw cashew-nut "C" to be de-shelled changes it's position with respect to the first shearing blade 116 mounted on the modified v-belt pulley 110 and a second shearing blade 122 mounted on arcuately extending v-notch 124 configured on the pressing arrangement 120. Due to such configuration of the modified v-belt pulley 110 for the mechanical de-shelling machine, appropriate orienting of the raw cashew nut "C" to be de-shelled with respect to line of dehiscence is achieved.
• such configuration ensures that shearing blades 116 and 122 (illustrated in Figure 3a- Figure 3e) strike the raw cashew nut "C" along the line of dehiscence of the raw cashew-nut "C” at both sides i.e. the "hump side” and the "ends side", thereby controlling the depth of cut on but sides and enabling the shearing blades 116 and 122 to form appropriate cuts on both sides of the cashew-nut shell. With such configuration, it is possible to control depth of cut at the "hump side” than at the "ends side".
• such configuration enables in strategically providing unequal depth of cuts at the "hump side” and the "ends side” of the cashew nut "C", thereby providing various advantages such as prevention of un-cut shell or damage to the kernel due to over-penetration of the shearing blades 116 and 122 and also resulting in less power consumption for operation of the mechanical de-shelling machine. Further, such configuration facilitates in adjusting position and orientation of the "hump side” and the "ends side” of the cashew nut “C” with respect to the shearing blades 116 and 122 and according adjusts the depth of cut to be provided at the "hump side” and the "ends side” of the cashew nut "C".
• FIG. 2 d illustrates a swinging door disposed over the modified v-belt pulley 110 of the mechanical de-shelling machine to facilitate entry of the cashew nut "C" one at a time into the v-notch "N" of the v-belt pulley 110.
• the first shearing blade 116 is adapted to form a cut having greater depth of cut than the cut configured by the second shearing blade 122.
• Such a configuration enables in automatically adjusting position and orientation of the "hump side” and an "ends side” of a cashew nut "C” with respect to the first shearing blade 116 and the second shearing blade 122, according controlling and adjusting the depth of cut to be provided at the "hump side” and the "ends side” of the cashew nut “C” is achieved.
• FIG 3f an enlarged view of the second shearing blade 122 mounted over the pressing arrangement 120 is illustrated.
• the second shearing blade 122 has an inverted y configuration, with such a configuration as the cashew nut "C” advances along the "line of dehiscence” of the cashew-nut “C” over the line of contact between of the blade guides 118, a straight portion 123 of the second shearing blade 122 engages with the "ends side” of the cashew nut “C” along the "line of dehiscence” and a pusher pushes the cashew nut "C” from behind to cause the diverging arms 124 to split open the shell of the cashew nut "C” along the "line of dehiscence".
• the cashew nut "C” is ultimately guided to be held between the first shearing blade 116 and the shearing blade 122, wherein the first shearing blade 116 and the shearing blade 122 form cuts on the "ends side” and the "hump side” of the cashew nut “C”.
• the second shearing blade 122 of the pressing arrangement 120 is pressed against the cashew nut "C” held in over the blade guides 118 by using a spring based arrangement 130.
• the spring based arrangement 130 applies more urging pressure on the second shearing blade 122 to apply more shearing force over the cashew nut "C” as the cashew nut "C” is sheared by the straight portion 123 of the second shearing blade 122 as compared to when the cashew nut "C” is sheared by the diverging arms 124 of the second shearing blade 122
• Figures 4a - Figure 4f illustrates isometric views of the mechanical de-shelling machine 200 during different stages of operation as illustrated in Figure 3a - Figure 3f respectively.
• Figure 5 illustrates a one-by one feeder 300 for the automatic mechanical de-shelling machine 200, wherein the one-by one feeder 400 feeds the cashew nut "C" one by one into the mechanical de-shelling machine 200.
• Figure 6 illustrates a schematic representation of a blade guide 118 of the pair of blade guides 118 held between the half portions 112 and 114 configuring the modified v-belt pulley 110 (illustrated in Figure 2c) of the mechanical de-shelling machine 200.
• Figure 7 illustrates a schematic representation of a first shearing blade 116 disposed between the pair of blade guides 118 held between the half portions 112 and 114 configuring the modified v-belt pulley 110.
• Figure 8a and Figure 8b illustrates schematic representation of a first shearing blade 1 16 disposed between the pair of blade guides 118 held between the half portions 112 and 114 configuring the modified v-belt pulley 1 10.
• the mechanical de-shelling machine can also perform peeling operation on the kernels that are obtained after performing the de-shelling operation, wherein the first and second shearing blades are replaced with peeling brushes and the kernels are passed through the mechanical de- shelling machine with first and second shearing blades thereof replaced with peeling brushes.
• Figure 9 illustrates a schematic representation of an automatic mechanical de-shelling system 400 having a picking and dispensing sub-assembly 410, a queuing and release sub-assembly 420 and an orienting and cutting sub-assembly 430.
• Figure 9 and Figure 10 illustrate a schematic representation of the automatic mechanical de- shelling system 400, particularly, in Figure 10 the automatic mechanical de-shelling system 400 is illustrated supported on a frame "F".
• the picking and dispensing subassembly 410 is supported on the frame "F”.
• the picking and dispensing subassembly 410 picks and dispenses shelled articles one by one.
• the picking and dispensing sub-assembly 400 includes a hopper 412, a receiving chamber 414 and at least one picking element 416.
• the hopper 412 receives shelled articles to be de- shelled.
• the receiving chamber 414 defines an enclosure for receiving and supporting a pre-determined quantity of the shelled articles received from the hopper 412.
• the receiving chamber 414 includes a curved operative bottom support plate 414b, a pair of side plates 414a and a closing plate 414c that are connected to each other to define the enclosure.
• the operative bottom support plate 414b supports the shelled articles and has an opening configured "O" (not illustrated) thereon for receiving a predetermined quantity of shelled articles inside the receiving chamber 414 between the opening "O" and the closing plate 414c.
• the shelled article is directed from the hopper 412 to the receiving chamber 414, wherein a directing roller 441 disposed downstream of the hopper 412 and upstream of the receiving chamber 414 directs the shelled articles from the hopper 412 towards the receiving chamber 414.
• the directing roller 441 derives rotational power from a first rotating shaft 418 via a power transmission drive selected from a group consisting of a chain drive, a pulley drive and a gear drive.
• the at least one picking element 416 is rotatably supported on the first rotating shaft 418 that is disposed operatively above the receiving chamber 414.
• the at least one picking element 416 picks shelled articles "C" one by one from the receiving chamber 414 and delivers the shelled articles one by one.
• each of the picking element 416 has a picker at end of thereof that receive one shelled articles "C" one by one from the receiving chamber 414.
• Figure 9 and Figure 10 illustrate two picking elements.
• the queuing and release sub-assembly 420 is illustrated.
• the queuing and release sub-assembly 420 is disposed down-stream of the picking and dispensing assembly 410 and receives and orients the shelled article in a desired, predetermined orientation before releasing.
• the queuing and release sub-assembly 420 includes a pivotably supported tray 422, a ratchet wheel 424, a queuing door 426 and a release door 428.
• Figure 11 illustrates interaction between the pivotably supported tray 422 and the ratchet wheel 424 of the queuing and release sub-assembly.
• Figure 12a illustrates the queuing door 426 of the queuing and release sub-assembly 420 in a closed configuration for retaining tfie shelled article "C" thereby.
• Figure 12b illustrates the queuing door 426 in an open configuration for releasing the shelled article thereby upon actuation by a first rocker arm 437 and linkages 427.
• the pivotably supported tray 422 receives shelled articles one by one delivered thereto by the picking element 416.
• the ratchet wheel 424 with teeth configured thereon rotates along direction "R” illustrated in Figure 12 and Figure 12b and intermittently interacts with the tray 422 for vibrating the tray 422 along the path "V" illustrated in Figure 12a for facilitating toppling of and orienting of the shelled article "C" received thereby to the desired, pre-determined orientation.
• the shelled article "C" particularly, cashew nut vibrates on the tray 422 and ultimately achieves the desired, pre-determined configuration in which the cashew nut rests with the ends side thereof resting on the tray 422 as in this configuration the cashew nut is stably supported as compared to the configuration of the cashew nut with hump side thereof resting on the tray 422 that is an unstable state.
• the automatic mechanical de-shelling system 400 of the present disclosure is shown to be used for de-shelling of cashew nuts, however, the automatic mechanical de-shelling system 400 can be used for de-shelling any other article, particularly having non- symmetrical structure.
• the ratchet wheel 424 derives rotational power from the first rotating shaft 418 via a power transmission drive selected from a group consisting of chain drive, pulley drive and gear drive.
• the queuing door 426 is disposed operatively above and movable with respect to the tray 422 to retain the shelled article "C” until the shelled article "C” is oriented to the desired, pre-determined orientation.
• the queuing door 426 moves away from the tray 422 for releasing the shelled article "C” when actuated by combined action of the first rocker arm 437 and the lever 427 that are actuated by rotation of the ratchet wheel 424.
• the release door 428 (illustrated in Figure 9) is disposed downstream of the queuing door 426 and releases the shelled article received thereby from the queuing door 426 when actuated by a second rocker arm 446 arm ( illustrated in Figure 15b) that in turn is actuated by rotation of the ratchet wheel 424.
• the orienting and cutting sub-assembly 430 ensures that the shelled article is in the desired, pre-determined orientation during shearing operation so that depth of cut on a pre-determined side of the shelled article is controlled.
• the orienting and cutting sub-assembly 430 includes a pair of rotatable outer pulleys 432a and 432b, a pair of rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b, a first shearing blade 436 and a spring loaded second shearing blade 438.
• FIG. 13a and Figure 13b the assembly of the rotatable outer pulleys 432a and 432b, rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b, the first shearing blade 436 and the second shearing blade 438 is illustrated. More specifically, in Figure 13b, the cashew nut "C" received over the periphery of the rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b is illustrated in the desired, pre-determined orientation in which the cashew nut "C" rests with the ends side C e thereof resting on the periphery of the inner pulleys 434a and 434b. In the desired, pre-determined orientation, the pre-determined side C e i.e.
• Figure 14a and Figure 14b illustrates side view of the rotatable outer pulleys 432a and 432b.
• Figure 14c illustrates a side view of a rotatable inner pulley 434a and 434b.
• Figure 15a illustrates an assembled view of an assembly of the pair of rotatable outer pulleys 432a and 432b, the pair of rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b, the first shearing blade 436 and the dislodging element 495 and the first and second rocker arms 437 and 446 respectively.
• Figure 15b illustrates an exploded view of the assembly illustrated in Figure 15a.
• Figure 15c illustrates another exploded side view of the assembly of Figure 15a.
• Figure 16 illustrates an assembled view of the rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b assembled with the rotatable outer pulleys 432a and 432b.
• the rotatable outer pulleys 432a and 432b receive and guide the shelled article along a curved path.
• the rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b are disposed between the pair of rotatable outer pulleys 432a and 432b and are rotatable about an axis that is offset from axis of rotation of the pair of rotatable outer pulleys 432a and 432b, wherein periphery of the rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b support the shelled article "C” and move the shelled article "C” radially outwards to topple the shelled article “C” for facilitating orienting of the shelled article to the desired, pre-determined orientation as the shelled article "C” is guided between the pair of rotatable outer pulleys 432a and 432b along the curved path.
• Figure 13a illustrates the shelled article "C” supported along periphery of rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b disposed between the pair of outer pulleys 432a and 432b, wherein the shelled article "C” is illustrated supported in a configuration other than the desired, pre-determined configuration.
• the rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b are disposed so as to configure v-notch configuration along the periphery thereof.
• Figure 13b illustrates the shelled article supported and toppled along the rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b for facilitating orienting of the shelled article to the desired, pre-determined orientation.
• Such configuration ensures that the shelled article "C” is in the desired, pre-determined orientation during shearing operation so that depth of cut on the desired, pre-determined side of the shelled article is controlled.
• the first shearing blade 436 is disposed between the rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b and is moved therewith as the rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b rotate, wherein the rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b derive rotating torque from the rotation of the ratchet wheel 424.
• the first shearing blade 436 rotates along with the rotating pulleys, particularly, the rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b of the rotating pulley arrangement for shearing the pre-determined side of the shelled article "C".
• the first shearing blade 436 strikes the pre-determined side of the shelled article "C" while the second shearing blade 438 is urged against the side that is opposite side to the pre-determined side of the shelled article "C".
• Figure 18a illustrates the shelled article "C" in the desired, pre-determined orientation just before being received between the first shearing blade 436 and the second shearing blade 438.
• the first shearing blade 436 is disposed between the rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b and strikes a pre-determined side of the shelled article and a spring loaded second shearing blade 438 is adjustably urged towards a side of the shelled article "C" that is opposite to the desired, pre-determined side depending upon size and orientation of the shelled article "C".
• FIG 18b illustrates the shelled article "C" received between the first shearing blade 436 and the spring loaded second shearing blade 438. More specifically, with such configuration the ends side of the cashew nut is sheared by first shearing blade 436 and as such the depth of cut on the predetermined side of the shelled article, i.e.
• the automatic de-shelling system 400 ensures that the high depth of cut is at the ends side of the shelled cashew nut and low depth of cut is at the hump side of the shelled cashew nut "C", thereby preventing higher depth of cut on the hump side that may cause damage to the cashew and also lead to more power consumption.
• the orienting and cutting sub-assembly 430 includes an adjustably urging subassembly 440.
• Figure 19a illustrates a schematic representation depicting interaction between various elements i.e. a sensing wheel 450, an engaging element 442 and an urging element 439 of the adjustably urging sub-assembly 440.
• Figure 19b illustrates a schematic representation of another view of the adjustably urging sub-assembly 440.
• Figure 20 illustrates a schematic representation of the sensing wheel 450 and a fourth rocker arm 444 mounted on a shaft
• the adjustably urging sub-assembly 440 adjustably urges the second shearing blade 438 towards opposite side of the shelled article depending upon size and orientation of the shelled article "C".
• the sensing wheel 450 is provided with a plurality of angularly spaced stepped platforms 450a,
• the sensing wheel 450 is angularly moved by the fourth rocker arm
• the engaging element 442 interacts with either one of the angularly spaced stepped platforms 450a, 450b 450n, one by one to move gradually with respect to the sensing wheel 450.
• the urging element 439 is connected to and moves with the engaging element 442 to adjustably urge the second shearing blade 438 towards the side of the shelled article "C” that is opposite to the pre-determined side of the shelled article “C” depending upon size and orientation of the shelled article “C”, thereby controlling depth of cut on both sides of the shelled article "C”.
• the automatic de-shelling machine includes a dislodging element 495 that dislodge a shelled article "C” accidently trapped between the pair of rotatable outer pulleys 432a and 432b, wherein the dislodging element 495 is actuated by a third rocker arm 496 that in turn is actuated by rotation of said ratchet wheel 424.
• Figure 17a illustrates a dislodging element 495 connected to the third rocker arm 496.
• Figure 17b - Figure 17c illustrates different positions of the dislodging element 495 with respect to an assembly of rotatable inner pulleys 434a and 434b and rotatable outer pulleys 432a and 432b, particularly positions of the dislodging element 495 before striking the shelled article "C" and while dislodging the shelled article "C”.
• Figure 21 illustrates a top view of the automatic mechanical de-shelling system 400.
• an automatic de-shelling machine that enables appropriate positioning and orienting of a raw cashew nut to be de-shelled with respect to line of dehiscence for ensuring that a pair of shearing blades strike the raw cashew nut along the line of dehiscence of the raw cashew-nut at both sides i.e. the "hump side” and the "ends side", thereby enabling the shearing blades to form appropriate cuts on both sides of the cashew-nut shell;
• an automatic de-shelling machine that forms appropriate cuts on both sides of the cashew-nut shell, i.e. the "hump side” and the "ends side", thereby reducing chances of un-cut shell or damage to the kernel due to over-penetration of the shearing blades; an automatic de-shelling machine that continuously de-shells cashew-nuts, irrespective of size of cashew-nuts fed there-to; an automatic de-shelling machine that can handle cashew-nuts of any size, thereby eliminating the need to grade the cashew-nuts before feeding to the automatic de-shelling machine; an automatic de-shelling machine that automatically adjusts position and orientation of a "hump side” and an "ends side” of a cashew nut with respect to the shearing blades and according adjusts the depth of cut to be provided at the "hump side” and the "ends side” of the cashew nut; an automatic de-shelling machine that requires less power for operation thereof; an automatic de-shelling machine that

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Shearing Machines (AREA)
• Automatic Assembly (AREA)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (8)

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• 2013
  • 2013-10-25 IN IN4823CH2013 patent/IN2013CH04823A/en unknown
• 2014
  • 2014-10-27 WO PCT/IN2014/000681 patent/WO2015059720A2/en not_active Ceased

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