WO2015058409A1

WO2015058409A1 - Solid fuel combustion method and combustor

Info

Publication number: WO2015058409A1
Application number: PCT/CN2013/085976
Authority: WO
Inventors: 车战斌
Original assignee: 车战斌
Priority date: 2013-10-25
Filing date: 2013-10-25
Publication date: 2015-04-30

Abstract

Provided are a solid fuel combustion method and a combustor. In the combustion method, a solid fuel (5) is continuously fed to a dry distillation pyrolysis chamber (1), a fuel (52) after volatile content (51) is separated enters a lower portion of a mixing combustion chamber (2) for combustion, a combustion supporting gas (6) enters from the dry distillation pyrolysis chamber (1) at the same time and is mixed with the separated volatile content, and the gas mixed with the volatile content enters from an upper portion of the mixing combustion chamber to reach above a combustion flame to perform complete combustion of the volatile content. The combustion method and the combustor are applicable to combustion of a fuel having high volatile content, so as to perform complete combustion of volatile content, improve combustion efficiency of the fuel, and reduce emission.

Description

Solid fuel combustion method and combustion furnace

This invention relates to the field of solid fuel combustion, and more particularly to a solid fuel combustion process and a combustion furnace. Background technique

From the perspective of fuel classification, solid fuels are the most widely used combustion materials, especially coal, because of their abundant resources and safe use. In addition, with the increase in the demand for mineral solid fuels represented by coal, the reduction of resources, and the development of global new energy campaigns, renewable biomass burning materials such as straw, straw, wood, wood chips, The dead branches and the like are highly valued by people.

However, the current main method of using biomass burning materials directly ignites combustion, which is very inefficient in combustion and produces a large amount of black smoke, causing environmental pollution.

Many people have been trying to burn biomass fuels with existing coal-fired stoves. Because the burning characteristics of biomass burning materials and mineral burning materials with high fixed carbon content are quite different, the existing burning stoves cannot adapt to the combustion of solid fuels composed of renewable biomass materials, causing combustion. Low efficiency, emissions and other issues have constrained the application of biomass burning materials. In addition, the coal currently used in large quantities is high-grade coal with relatively high fixed carbon content, such as anthracite, bituminous coal, etc. Some low-grade coals, such as lignite, peat, etc., using existing combustion devices, also have low combustion efficiency. Black smoke and other issues, so it has not been widely used.

The inventors have carefully studied and found that the main difference between biomass burning materials and low-grade coal (such as lignite, peat, etc.) and high-grade coal is that high-grade coal has a high fixed carbon content (generally over 90%). Therefore, it is mainly fixed carbon combustion mode when burning; while biomass combustion materials and low-grade coal have relatively low fixed carbon content, while volatile content is relatively high (about 50% - 70%). The solid fuel with high volatile content mainly has two characteristics: 1) the volatile matter precipitation temperature is lower than the volatile ignition point; 2) the volatile point has a higher ignition point than the ash melting point.

When the solid fuel having a relatively high volatile content is burned by the existing coal burning device, since the precipitation temperature of the volatile matter is lower than the ignition point of the volatile matter, at the time of combustion, the volatile matter is first precipitated and discharged to the air in a black smoke manner. In the middle, the remaining fixed carbon portion is burned again, so that only the heat generated by the combustion of the fixed carbon is utilized, and the combustion efficiency is relatively low, and there is emission pollution.

In addition, the existing combustion apparatus generally feeds air through the furnace to cause high temperature combustion of the solid fuel on the furnace. However, since the ash melting point of the fuel having a high volatile content is lower than the ignition point of the volatile matter and the fixed carbon, the burnt ash is in a viscous molten state in a high temperature environment in which the carbon is burned on the furnace. It will stick to the furnace and cannot be normally discharged through the furnace or other ash-discharging mechanism (such as the ash bar), so that the viscous ash is mixed in the burning fuel, which greatly affects the fuel combustion efficiency. Moreover, the viscous ash adheres to the furnace raft and blocks the air inlet passage on the furnace. After a period of time, the furnace is pasted, so that the furnace cannot continue to work. At present, it is generally believed by those skilled in the art that in order to reduce emissions, it is necessary to provide sufficient heat to fully burn the volatiles. The common practice is to increase the amount of air distribution through the furnace to the furnace and increase the temperature of the furnace. However, the result of the combustion is a more complicated problem of melting, and the furnace will soon be unable to work due to the melting of the furnace. Both the distribution direction and the flue gas discharge direction are upwards, and a large amount of volatiles are still discharged into the atmosphere with the gas, and the improvement of combustion efficiency is also very limited, and the discharge pollution still exists.

Therefore, the problem that the volatile matter cannot be fully burned and the ashing problem becomes a major factor restricting the application of a fuel having a high volatile content (for example, biomass fuel, low-grade coal, etc.), and the large-scale utilization of a fuel having a high volatile content is limited, and it is necessary to provide A new combustion method and combustion furnace to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of existing combustion furnaces. Summary of the invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a combustion furnace for burning a solid fuel, which can be applied to fuel combustion of a fuel having a high volatile content, to sufficiently burn volatile matter, to improve combustion efficiency, and to reduce emissions.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a solid fuel combustion method and a combustion furnace which can effectively solve the problem of welding and ensure continuous and stable combustion of a fuel having a high volatile content.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a solid fuel combustion method, which divides a combustion furnace into at least three regions of a dry distillation cracking chamber, a mixed combustion chamber and a ash chamber, and the solid fuel is continuously supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber, and the solid fuel is subjected to dry distillation. The cracking chamber is subjected to dry distillation to resolve the volatile matter, and the volatile fuel is introduced into the mixed combustion chamber, and the fixed combustion chamber is used for fixed carbon combustion, and the ash generated by the fixed carbon combustion is discharged into the ash chamber; and the combustion gas is cracked from the dry distillation. The chamber enters, and the solid fuel layer passing through the dry distillation cracking chamber is mixed with the precipitated volatile matter, and then enters from above the mixed combustion chamber into the fixed carbon combustion flame of the mixed combustion chamber, and the volatile combustion is performed under the action of the fixed carbon combustion flame; A portion of the heat generated by the combustion of the volatiles is supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber to provide a desired temperature environment for the newly-introduced solid fuel pyrolysis cracking, and the remaining heat is supplied to the external heat exchange device through the outlet of the mixing combustion chamber; Thereby, as new fuel is continuously supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber, Exports continued to provide heat to an external heat exchanger device.

The present invention also provides a solid fuel combustion furnace that is divided into at least three zones:

a dry distillation cracking chamber having a feed port for solid fuel to enter and an air inlet for supplying a combustion gas; the solid fuel continuously enters the dry distillation cracking chamber from the feed port, and the solid fuel is analyzed by dry distillation in the dry distillation cracking chamber Volatile, the combustion-supporting gas is mixed with the precipitated volatiles through the solid fuel layer;

a mixing combustion chamber adjacent to the dry distillation cracking chamber, the upper portion of the mixing combustion chamber having a heat outlet, the mixing combustion chamber being arranged to allow the fuel after the volatile matter to enter the mixing combustion chamber, in the lower portion of the mixing combustion chamber Forming a fixed carbon combustion layer, and enabling the combustion-supporting gas and the volatile matter mixed in the dry distillation cracking chamber to enter from above the mixed combustion chamber into the fixed carbon combustion flame of the mixed combustion chamber, and performing volatile combustion under the action of the fixed carbon combustion flame; A portion of the heat generated by the combustion of the volatiles is supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber to provide a desired temperature environment for the newly entered solid fuel dry distillation, and the remaining heat is supplied to the external heat exchange device through the heat outlet. The ash chamber, adjacent to the mixing chamber, is used to discharge the ash from the combustion of the fixed carbon.

According to the above combustion method and combustion apparatus of the present invention, since the volatile matter is first precipitated in the dry distillation cracking chamber, and then the combustion-supporting gas (for example, air) is mixed from the upper portion of the mixed combustion chamber into the mixed combustion chamber, and the fixed carbon in the lower portion of the mixed combustion chamber is burned. After the upper flames of the layer meet, they are ignited and burned by the fixed carbon flame. The combustion zone of the volatile part in the upper part of the mixed combustion zone provides the required stable high temperature and oxygen conditions for the volatile combustion, so that the volatiles can be fully burned. The combustion efficiency of the solid fuel with high volatile content is greatly improved, and the pollution pollution is reduced. Experiments have shown that with the above combustion method and combustion furnace of the present invention, the volatile matter can be burned by almost 100%, the combustion efficiency of the combustion furnace is over 95%, and there is no black smoke emission, and the combustion of the solid fuel with high volatile content is realized. Clean emissions.

At the same time, a part of the heat generated by the combustion of the volatiles is supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber, which provides the required temperature conditions for the dry distillation of the new solid fuel to resolve the volatiles, and thus, as new solid fuels and combustion-supporting gases are continuously supplied to The dry distillation cracking chamber forms a natural burning cycle, which can continuously supply heat from the outlet of the mixing combustion chamber to external heat exchange devices, such as cooking stoves, crucibles, heat exchangers, etc., in order to realize low-cost civilian stoves. Provided favorable conditions.

In an alternative method of the combustion method and the combustion furnace of the present invention, the temperature of the solid fuel layer of the dry distillation cracking chamber can be controlled to be higher than the precipitation temperature of the volatile matter of the solid fuel and lower than the ignition point of the volatile matter to prevent volatilization. The fraction is ignited in a dry distillation cracking chamber.

In an alternative to the combustion method and furnace of the present invention, the temperature of the dry distillation cracking chamber can be controlled to be in the range of more than 260 degrees and less than 800 degrees to prevent the volatiles from being ignited in the dry distillation cracking chamber.

In an alternative to the combustion method and furnace of the present invention, the temperature of the outer combustion chamber holding the carbon combustion flame is higher than the ignition point of the volatiles to ignite the volatiles to facilitate the full combustion of the volatiles.

In an alternative to the combustion method and burner of the present invention, the mixed combustion chamber can be controlled to fix the carbon combustion flame outside the flame temperature above 800 degrees to allow the volatiles to burn sufficiently to reduce emissions.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the volatile volatile fuel can be passed to the lower portion of the mixed combustion zone before the fixed carbon is burned or just after the fixed carbon combustion has not yet produced the ash, to prevent the fixed carbon from burning in the dry distillation chamber. The temperature of the dry distillation cracking chamber is too high to cause a problem of melting.

In an alternative to the combustion method and furnace of the present invention, the temperature at the bottom of the fixed combustion chamber fixed carbon combustion layer is controlled to be lower than the ash melting point to prevent the occurrence of ashing.

In an alternative to the combustion method and furnace of the present invention, the temperature at which the bottom of the mixing chamber is fixed to the carbon combustion layer is controlled to be less than 400 degrees to prevent the occurrence of ashing.

In an alternative to the combustion method and combustion furnace of the present invention, an external heat source may be utilized to provide heat to the dry distillation cracking chamber and the mixing combustion chamber when the furnace is ignited, the external heat source providing heat to the dry distillation cracking chamber. The solid fuel precipitates volatiles under the action of the heat, and after the pyrolysis cracked fixed carbon fuel enters the mixed combustion chamber, it can ignite the fixed carbon fuel to burn; after generating the fixed carbon combustion flame, the combustion furnace enters the self-combustion Loop state.

In an alternative to the combustion method and combustion furnace of the present invention, the dry distillation cracking chamber, mixed combustion may be The chamber and the ash chamber are arranged in the height direction according to the upper, middle and lower sides, the dry distillation cracking chamber is located at the upper portion, the mixed combustion chamber is located at the middle portion, and the ash chamber is at the lower portion.

Thus, after the solid fuel enters the upper retorting cracking chamber from the feed port, the solid fuel is pyrolyzed in the dry distillation cracking chamber, and the combustion-supporting gas such as air enters from the dry distillation cracking chamber, and the volatile matter generated by the dry distillation cracking enters the lower portion. Mixing the upper part of the combustion chamber, and the fixed carbon fuel after the dry distillation cracking falls into the lower part of the mixed combustion chamber for continuous combustion, providing sufficient heat for the volatile combustion in the upper part of the mixed combustion zone, so that the volatile matter is ignited and burned by the fixed carbon combustion flame, and the combustion is performed. The generated heat is supplied to the heat exchange device through the outlet port, and the furnace ash after the combustion of the fuel in the lower part of the mixed combustion chamber falls into the lower ash chamber by gravity, and the volatile matter in the upper portion of the mixed chamber is burned again. The dry distillation cracking of the new solid fuel provides sufficient heat to circulate, and as new fuel is continuously added, heat is continuously supplied outward from the outlet of the mixing chamber.

In an alternative embodiment of the alternative, the upper retorting cracking chamber and the central mixing combustion chamber may be separated by an upper furnace and a standard volume range of solid fuel may be used, by setting the upper furnace The size of the void is such that the smaller volume of fuel in the upper zone after the dry distillation cracking falls into the lower portion of the mixing combustion chamber through the gap of the upper furnace.

In one example of this alternative of the invention, the fuel from the dry distillation crack can be more smoothly dropped into the mixing chamber by dialing the solid fuel on the upper furnace.

In one example of this alternative of the invention, the dry distillation cracking chamber can be fed through the top of the dry distillation cracking chamber. In an example of the alternative of the present invention, a feed interval may be formed between the feed port and the upper furnace, and the cross-sectional area of the feed port is smaller than the projected area of the upper furnace on the horizontal surface, After the solid fuel falls onto the upper furnace through the feed port, a natural pile slope is formed, and a material-free space is formed between the upper surface of the natural pile slope and the top of the dry distillation chamber. In this alternative example, the combustion-supporting gas passes through the material-free space, passes through the natural stack slope, mixes with the volatiles precipitated in the pile layer, and then enters the mixing chamber. With this structure, gravity can be fed through the feed port, and the feed port can communicate with the storage bin. During the combustion process, the fuel that has evolved from the pyrolysis cracking chamber continuously falls into the mixing combustion chamber. The fuel in the storage bin is continuously replenished to the dry distillation cracking chamber under the action of gravity, so that the stacking layer between the feed inlet and the upper furnace is always maintained at a stable thickness, forming a dynamic balance, and the volatiles enter the mixed combustion chamber to be stable. Combustion provides the necessary conditions to ensure stable and complete combustion of volatiles.

In an example of this alternative of the invention, the amount of feed per unit time can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the gap between the feed port and the upper furnace to adjust the heating of the furnace to the outside per unit time. the amount.

In another alternative of the combustion method combustion furnace of the present invention, a feed plate may be fed from one side of the dry distillation cracking chamber and inwardly in the feed direction, the feed plate being formed into a dry distillation cracking chamber and mixing The separation between the combustion chambers forms a discharge port at the front end of the feed plate. By controlling the feed rate, the solid fuel entering the dry distillation cracking chamber enters the mixed combustion chamber from the discharge port after the dry cracking resolves the volatile matter.

In an alternative embodiment of the alternative, the feed plate may be provided with voids for the volatiles produced after the dry distillation and the passage of the combustion-supporting gas. In an alternative of the invention, a lower furnace can be placed at the bottom of the mixing chamber to separate the mixing chamber and the ash chamber, allowing the burned ash to fall through the lower furnace into the ash chamber.

In an alternative of the invention, the burnt ash can be more smoothly dropped into the ash chamber by dialing the fixed carbon fuel in the lower portion of the mixing chamber.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the air inlet hole may be not disposed in the ash chamber, and the combustion combustion gas may be supplied to the mixing combustion chamber through the ash chamber; or the air inlet hole may be disposed in the ash chamber, but the air inlet hole The amount of combustion gas is supplied to the ash chamber such that the temperature at the bottom of the fixed carbon combustion layer is lower than the ash melting point. In this way, the position where the bottom of the mixed combustion chamber is discharged to the ash chamber is not always in the temperature range lower than the ash melting point, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of the paste furnace caused by the ash, and realizing the smooth ash discharge of the combustion furnace. , to ensure the continuous combustion of the furnace. DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any inventive labor.

Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the principle of a combustion method and a combustion furnace of the present invention;

2 is a schematic view showing a combustion state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a combustion principle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a combustion furnace of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a combustion furnace having an auxiliary combustion gas inlet hole;

Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of another combustion furnace of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of a combustion furnace of the present invention combined with a heat exchange device;

Figure 9 is a top plan view of Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a schematic view showing another combined structure of the combustion furnace and the heat exchange device of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a schematic view showing still another combined structure of the combustion furnace and the heat exchange device of the present invention. detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides a solid fuel combustion method, as shown in Figure 1, which first separates the furnace into at least Three areas: a dry distillation cracking chamber 1, a mixed combustion chamber 2, and a ash chamber 3, the solid fuel 5 is continuously supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, and the solid fuel 5 is subjected to dry distillation in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 to resolve the volatile matter 51, and the volatile matter is precipitated. The fuel 52 after 51 enters the mixing combustion chamber 2, and the fixed carbon combustion is performed in the lower portion of the mixing combustion chamber 2, and the ash 53 generated by the fixed carbon combustion is discharged into the ash chamber 3; and the combustion-supporting gas 6 enters from the dry distillation chamber 1 at the same time. The solid fuel layer passing through the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 is mixed with the precipitated volatile matter 51, and then enters above the fixed carbon combustion flame of the mixed combustion chamber 2 from the upper portion of the mixed combustion chamber 2, and is subjected to volatile combustion under the action of a fixed carbon combustion flame. A part of the heat generated by the combustion of the volatile matter 51 is supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 to provide a required temperature environment for the dry distillation cracking of the newly entering solid fuel 5, and the remaining heat is supplied to the external exchange through the outlet of the mixing combustion chamber 2. The heat device 200; thus circulated, so that as the new solid fuel 5 is continuously supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, the combustion furnace continuously supplies heat to the external heat exchange device from the outlet 200.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the present invention also provides a solid fuel combustion furnace 100 using the above combustion method, the combustion furnace 100 being at least divided into a dry distillation cracking chamber 1, a mixing combustion chamber 2, and a gray chamber. . Wherein, the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 has a feed port 11 for the solid fuel 5 to enter and an air inlet port 12 for the combustion gas 6 to enter; the solid fuel 5 continuously enters the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 from the feed port 11, and the solid fuel 5 is in the dry distillation The cracking chamber 1 is subjected to dry distillation to resolve the volatile matter 51, and the combustion-supporting gas 6 is mixed with the precipitated volatile matter 51 through the solid fuel layer.

The mixed combustion chamber 2 is adjacent to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, and the upper portion of the mixed combustion chamber 2 has a heat outlet port 21, and the mixed combustion chamber 2 is arranged to allow the fuel after the volatile matter 51 to be deposited to enter the mixed combustion chamber. The lower portion of the mixed combustion chamber 2 forms a fixed carbon combustion layer 22, and enables the combustion-supporting gas 6 and the volatile matter 51 mixed in the dry distillation chamber 1 to enter from above the mixed combustion chamber 2 to the fixed carbon combustion flame of the mixing combustion chamber 2, The volatile combustion is carried out under the action of a fixed carbon combustion flame; a part of the heat generated by the combustion of the volatile matter 51 is supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 to provide a required temperature environment for the freshly entering solid fuel 5 dry distillation, and the remaining heat passes through the The heat outlet 21 is supplied to the external heat exchange device 200.

The ash chamber 3 is adjacent to the mixing chamber 2 for discharging the ash 53 generated by the combustion of the fixed carbon combustion layer in the lower portion of the mixed combustion zone.

According to the above combustion method and combustion furnace of the present invention, since the volatile matter 51 is first precipitated in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, and then the combustion-supporting gas 6 (for example, air) is mixed from the upper portion of the mixed combustion chamber 2 into the mixing combustion chamber 2, after the dry distillation is cracked The fixed carbon enters the lower part of the mixing combustion chamber 2, and generates an upward fixed carbon combustion flame. The volatile portion 51 entering from the upper portion meets the upward fixed carbon flame, and is ignited and burned by the fixed carbon flame, so that the present invention passes through the upper combustion-supporting gas. The mixed gas stream with the volatile matter and the lower fixed carbon high-temperature flame provide the required stable high temperature and oxygen conditions for the volatile combustion in the combustion region of the volatile matter, so that the volatiles are stably burned, thereby greatly increasing the volatilization. The combustion efficiency of high-content solid fuels (such as biomass fuels) reduces emissions. Experiments have shown that with the above combustion method and combustion furnace of the present invention, the volatile matter can be burned by almost 100%, the combustion efficiency of the combustion furnace is over 95%, and about 200 tons of biomass pellet fuel is only equivalent to 1 ton of biomass burned in the field. The pollutant emissions of fuel, and no black smoke emissions, achieve clean emissions of solid fuels with high volatile content, thus making large volatile fuels such as biomass fuels Scale applications provide the conditions.

Further, in the above combustion method and combustion furnace of the present invention, a part of the heat generated by the combustion of the volatile matter 51 is supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, which provides the required temperature conditions for the dry distillation of the new solid fuel 5 to resolve the volatile matter. Therefore, as the new solid fuel 5 and the combustion-supporting gas 6 are continuously supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, the combustion furnace automatically forms a natural burning cycle, and the heat can be continuously supplied from the outlet 21 of the mixing combustion chamber 2 to the external heat exchange. The device 200, such as cooking stoves, crucibles, heat exchangers, etc., not only improves the heat utilization efficiency, but also greatly reduces the heat loss, and provides favorable conditions for realizing a simple and low-cost civilian stove.

In the present invention, the solid fuel 5 is mainly subjected to dry distillation in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 to resolve the volatile matter, and does not need to be burned in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1. If the fuel is burned at a high temperature in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, it may be The temperature in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 is too high, and the problem of melting is caused, which is not conducive to the continuous combustion of the combustion furnace. Further, if the fuel is ignited in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, it is easy to ignite the precipitated volatile matter, and a part of the volatile matter is burned in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, which not only causes the temperature in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 to be too high, but also tends to generate hot gas. Upward, and a portion of the volatiles are condensed upward into the feed port to cause agglomeration blockage. Therefore, in the present invention, the fuel 52 which controls the evolved volatiles enters the mixing combustion chamber 2 before or immediately after the fixed carbon is burned to generate ash, to prevent the temperature in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 from being too high. And problems such as melting ash. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the volatile fuel 52 can be controlled to enter the mixing chamber 2 before being ignited or just after being ignited by various existing means, for example, by precipitating volatiles. The speed at which the fuel 52 enters the mixing chamber 2, the amount of air distribution, the burning speed of the furnace, and the like are not described in detail herein. In the actual combustion process, most of the volatile fuel is generally introduced into the mixing combustion chamber 2 before the fixed carbon combustion, and a small amount may be ignited to enter the mixed combustion zone 2.

In the present invention, the temperature of the solid fuel layer of the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 can be controlled to be higher than the precipitation temperature of the volatile matter of the solid fuel 5 and lower than the ignition point of the volatile matter 51 to prevent the volatile matter 51 from being subjected to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 ignite. If the volatile matter 51 is ignited in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, it may cause the temperature of the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 to be too high, so that the fixed carbon fuel 52 after the dry distillation cracking is burned in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 to produce furnace ash, and The melting point is lower than the volatile ignition point, and the melting problem will occur in the high temperature environment, which is not conducive to the continued combustion of the solid fuel. Further, if the volatile matter is ignited in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, the volatile matter may not be burned in a stable and stable environment, affecting the combustion efficiency of the volatile matter.

In an optional specific example, the temperature of the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 can be controlled to be in the range of more than 260 degrees and less than 800 degrees to prevent the volatile matter 51 from being ignited in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1. For different solid fuels, the precipitation temperature of volatiles and the ignition point of volatiles will be slightly different. In practical applications, different control temperatures can be selected within this temperature range depending on the solid fuel.

In an alternative to the combustion method and burner of the present invention, the temperature of the outer combustion chamber 2 of the fixed combustion chamber 2 is higher than the ignition point of the volatile portion 51 to ignite the volatile portion 51 to facilitate the full combustion of the volatile portion 51.

In an alternative to the combustion method and burner of the present invention, the temperature of the outer combustion flame of the fixed combustion chamber 2 can be controlled to be higher than 800 degrees in order to allow the volatiles 51 to be fully combusted to reduce emissions. And, at temperatures above 800 After the degree, the harmful gases such as dioxin that may be generated by the combustion are also burned out, thereby effectively preventing the emission pollution caused by the harmful gas.

In an alternative to the combustion method and burner of the present invention, the temperature at the bottom of the fixed combustion chamber 2 fixed carbon combustion layer 22 is controlled to be lower than the ash melting point to prevent the occurrence of ashing. In a specific alternative, the temperature of the bottom of the mixed combustion chamber 2 fixed carbon combustion layer 22 can be controlled to less than 400 degrees to prevent the occurrence of ashing.

In an alternative to the combustion method and combustion furnace of the present invention, an external heat source may be utilized to provide heat to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 and the mixing combustion chamber 2 when the burner is ignited, the heat provided by the external heat source causing dry distillation The cracking chamber 1 solid fuel 5 precipitates the volatile matter 51 under the action of the heat, and after the pyrolysis cracked fixed carbon fuel 5 enters the mixing combustion chamber 2, it can ignite the fixed carbon fuel 5 to burn it; Thereafter, the combustion furnace 100 enters a self-combustion cycle state, and as new fuel continues to enter, the heat is continuously supplied from the outlet 21 to the external heat exchange device, eliminating the need for an external heat source. The external heat source may be a heat source of various modes, such as externally heating the ignited solid fuel, electric heating and electric ignition elements, etc., as long as heat can be supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 and the mixing combustion chamber 2, so that the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 The solid fuel in the solid is subjected to dry distillation to resolve the volatile matter, and the fuel after the volatile matter is introduced into the lower portion of the mixing combustion chamber 2 can be ignited for fixed carbon combustion, and the specific form thereof is not limited.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 8, the combustion furnace 100 may be divided into upper, middle and lower portions in the height direction, and the upper portion is formed as the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, the middle portion. Formed as a mixed combustion chamber 2, the lower portion is formed as a ash chamber 3, wherein a partition between the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 and the mixing combustion chamber 2 is arranged to enable the solid fuel 5 to fall into the mixed combustion chamber after the volatile matter is precipitated in the dry distillation chamber 1 2.

The combustion furnace of the present invention adopts such a manner of being disposed in the height direction, and the solid fuel in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 can automatically fall into the lower portion of the mixing combustion chamber 2 to perform fixed carbon combustion under the action of gravity after the volatile matter is precipitated. The flame generated by the fixed carbon combustion is burned upward, and the combustion gas 6 entering from the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 passes through the solid fuel layer of the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 and is mixed with the precipitated volatile matter 51, and then enters the mixed combustion chamber from the top of the mixed combustion chamber 2 2, meeting the upward fixed carbon flame, and being ignited for full combustion, since the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 is located at the upper portion of the mixed combustion chamber 2, the heat generated by the volatile combustion is directly radiated upward to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, thereby providing dry distillation cracking The required temperature environment, and the heat generated by the combustion and the exhaust gas are supplied to the external heat exchange device through the heat exhaust port 21 of the mixed combustion chamber 2, thereby realizing the automatic and orderly combustion of the combustion furnace by a simple structure.

At the same time, since the ash chamber is located at the lower portion of the mixing combustion chamber 2, the fuel 52 after the volatiles are resolved by the dry distillation continuously falls into the lower portion of the mixing combustion chamber 2, and the longer the burning time, the fixed carbon fuel is located in the downward position. The lower the lower temperature of the fixed carbon combustion layer in the lower part of the mixed combustion chamber 2, the favorable conditions for solving the ash problem. The ash produced by the combustion is also moved by the gravity during the downward movement of the fixed carbon fuel. Discharge into the lower ash chamber.

This upper, middle and lower setting makes full use of the characteristics of gravity and heat transfer. It not only meets the requirements of combustion method and fuel principle, but also has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost and convenient use, thus burning solid fuel with high volatile content. The promotion and application of the stove provides favorable conditions. In the above-described example of the height-oriented combustion furnace of the present invention, at the time of ignition, the mixed combustion chamber can be directly opened, and an external heat source (for example, biomass fuel that has been ignited) is placed therein, and the heat generated by the heat source is radiated upward to the upper portion. The dry distillation cracking chamber 1 heats the solid fuel in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 to the volatile portion, and the combustion gas enters the upper portion of the mixed combustion chamber 2 together with the volatile matter, is ignited by the heat source, and is subjected to volatile combustion, and at the same time, after the dry cracking resolves the volatile matter The fuel falls into the lower part of the mixing combustion chamber 2, is ignited by the heat source for fixed carbon combustion, and the fixed carbon combustion provides the required temperature environment for the upper volatile combustion, and the volatile combustion provides the upper dry cracking crack to provide the volatile matter. The temperature environment required, so that after the fixed carbon is burned to generate a flame, there is no need to rely on an external heat source, the combustion furnace enters a self-combustion cycle state, and as the new fuel and the combustion-supporting gas are supplied to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, the combustion furnace 100 passes heat. The outlet port 21 continues to supply heat to the external heat exchange device 200.

As shown in Figs. 2 to 6, in an alternative example of the burner disposed in the above-described height direction, the upper dry distillation chamber 1 and the middle mixed combustion chamber 2 may be partitioned by the upper furnace 7. In this example, a standard volume range of solid fuel 5, such as biomass pellet fuel, may be employed. The gap of the upper furnace 7 is set such that the fuel 52 having a smaller volume after the dry distillation cracking of the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 falls into the mixing through the gap of the upper furnace 7 before the solid carbon is burned or just after being ignited without generating the ash. The lower part of the combustion chamber 2. The size of the gap of the upper furnace 13 is related to the gauge volume range of the solid fuel and the type of solid fuel. 2倍。 In general, the standard volume of the solid fuel range is 1.1-1. 2 times the upper furnace gap size.

In the present invention, the fuel after the dry distillation cracking can be more smoothly dropped into the mixing combustion chamber by dialing the solid fuel on the upper furnace 7. As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, in an alternative example, a picker 71 may be disposed on the upper furnace 7 of the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 to thereby slide the upper furnace 7 through the dispenser 71. The solid fuel is used to make the material which becomes smaller after the dry distillation cracking can be smoothly discharged from the gap of the upper furnace 7. At the same time, the plucking action of the dispenser 71 can also make the solid fuel on the upper furnace 7 more uniformly heated, which is favorable for the dry distillation cracking of the solid fuel. The dispenser 71 can be operated intermittently or slowly.

In an alternative embodiment of this embodiment, the feed to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 can be fed from the top of the dry distillation cracking chamber 1. As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4, and Fig. 5, the feed port 11 can be disposed at the top of the dry distillation cracking chamber 1. This top feed means that the hopper connected to the storage bin can be connected to the feed port so that the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 can be automatically continuously fed by gravity as the combustion in the combustion furnace progresses. As shown in Fig. 2, a feed hopper may be provided at the top of the dry distillation cracking chamber, a lower portion of the feed hopper is inserted therein, and a bottom end of the feed hopper is formed as a feed port of the combustion furnace. The feed hopper can be tapered as shown in Figure 2. Of course, the feed hopper can also be of other shapes, as long as it is advantageous for feeding, the specific shape thereof is not limited.

As shown in Fig. 2, a feed interval can be formed between the feed port 11 and the upper furnace 7, and the cross-sectional area of the feed port 11 is smaller than the projected area of the upper furnace 7 on the horizontal surface. Thus, after the solid fuel 5 falls onto the upper furnace 7 through the feed port 11, a natural pile slope can be formed, and a material-free space is formed between the upper surface of the natural pile slope and the top of the dry distillation chamber 1. . Thus, during the combustion process, the volatile matter 51 will burn as the combustion-supporting gas enters into the mixed combustion zone 2, and due to the presence of the material-free space 10, even if a small amount of volatiles escapes upward, it will escape in the absence of In the material space 10, Then, the mixture enters the mixing combustion chamber 2 under the driving of the combustion gas stream, which effectively prevents the volatile matter 51 from entering the feed port and causing the solid fuel to agglomerate and block the feeding, thereby ensuring continuous combustion of the combustion furnace. In addition, in the combustion process, as the combustion progresses, the volatile fuel 52 in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 continuously falls into the mixed combustion 2, and the solid fuel in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 passes through the feed port by gravity. In addition, the fuel in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 is always at a stable pile thickness, and the dynamic equilibrium state of the feed and the blanking is achieved, so that the volatile matter precipitated in the upper portion of the mixed combustion chamber 2 provides a necessary condition for the stable combustion, which is favorable for Full combustion of volatiles.

In an alternative example, the air inlet 12 of the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 may correspond to the material free space 10 such that the combustion gas 6 passes through the material free space 10 into the stock layer to be mixed with the volatiles 51. For a relatively large burner, the position in the middle of the dry distillation chamber 1 may be increased to provide an air inlet for providing a flame retardant gas to provide sufficient combustion gas at the location, not shown. As shown in FIG. 4, the air inlet 12 can be disposed substantially in the direction of the upper furnace 7, so that the incoming wind is mixed with the volatile matter of the solid fuel chromatography and passes through the upper furnace 7 into the lower mixed combustion chamber 2 .

In the present invention, the amount of feed per unit time to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the feed interval between the feed port 1 and the upper furnace 7, thereby adjusting the unit time of the furnace to the outside. Heat supply.

In the present invention, as another alternative example, as shown in Fig. 7, it is also possible to feed from one side of the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 and to extend a feed plate 8 in the feed direction to the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, The front end of the feed plate 8 forms a discharge port 81, whereby the discharge port 81 and the feed plate 8 constitute the bottom of the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, and the solid fuel entering the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 can be controlled by controlling the feed rate. The feed is advanced to the discharge port 81, and the fuel after the dry distillation is dropped from the discharge port 81 into the mixing combustion chamber 2. In this example, the feed plate 8 may be provided with voids for the volatiles generated after the pyrolysis cracking and the passage of the combustion-supporting gas.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that for the manner of blanking from the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 into the mixing combustion chamber 2, the two blanking modes shown in Figs. 2 and 7 are merely examples, and are not limited to the two cases. As long as the solid fuel in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1 can be passed to the mixing combustion chamber 2 after the dry distillation cracking, the blanking method can be omitted.

As shown in Figs. 4 to 7, in an alternative example, the lower furnace 24 may be placed at the bottom of the mixing combustion chamber 2 so that the burnt ash falls into the ash chamber 3. Further, in this example, the burned ash can be more smoothly dropped into the ash chamber 3 by dialing the fuel mixed in the lower portion of the combustion chamber 2. As shown in Figs. 2 to 4, a dispenser 25 for agitating the solid fuel may be provided specifically on the lower furnace 24 of the mixed combustion zone 2.

In the present invention, since the air inlet 12 is provided in the dry distillation cracking chamber 1, the air inlet 12 can provide a combustion-supporting gas such as air or the like required for combustion, and thus, in an alternative example, as shown in FIG. The combustion gas can be supplied to the mixing combustion chamber 2 without passing through the ash chamber 3, that is, the ash chamber 3 does not have a combustion-supporting gas inlet hole. In this case, the fuel in which the mixed combustion chamber 2 fixes the carbon fuel layer 22 will slowly burn. Thus, as the new dry distillation cracked fuel falls into the lower part of the mixing combustion chamber 2, the fixed carbon fuel that has been burned for a period of time gradually moves down with the length of the combustion time, and the temperature becomes lower downward, the mixed combustion chamber The temperature at the bottom of the 2nd is far below the ash melting point in the case where the ash chamber does not provide a combustion-supporting gas, thereby naturally solving the problem of ashing and ensuring continuous combustion of the furnace. Experiments have shown that in this case, the temperature at the bottom of the mixing chamber 2 Generally below 200 degrees, much lower than the ash melting point of about 400 degrees of biomass fuel.

In order to increase the burning speed of the fixed carbon combustion layer 2 in the lower part of the mixing combustion chamber 2, it is also possible to provide a small amount of combustion-supporting gas from the ash chamber 3 to the lower portion of the mixing combustion chamber 2 while controlling the amount of the combustion-supporting gas to make the temperature of the bottom of the mixing chamber 2 Below the ash melting point, to avoid the problem of melting. As shown in FIG. 7, the amount of the combustion-supporting gas provided may be specifically set on the ash chamber 3, such as the ash door or the ash chamber side wall, so that the temperature at the bottom of the ash chamber 3 is lower than the ash melting point of the auxiliary combustion-supporting gas inlet hole. 31.

In the present invention, the heat supplied from the heat outlet 21 of the mixing chamber 2 can be used to supply any existing apparatus requiring heat supply, such as cooking stoves, crucibles, water heaters, heating equipment, and the like. In an alternative example, as shown in Figures 7-10, the heat extraction port 21 of the combustion chamber can be coupled to the heat exchange device 200 to provide heat to the heat exchange device 200.

As shown in FIGS. 8 to 9, in a specific example, the heat exchange device 200 may be located at one side of the combustion furnace 100 of the present invention, and the heat outlet port 21 communicates with the inlet of the heat exchange device 200 to transfer heat to Heat exchange device 200.

As shown in Fig. 10, in another specific example, the combustion chamber of the combustion furnace 100 of the present invention may be formed in a ring shape, and the heat outlet port 21 is provided in plurality in the circumferential direction of the annular inner wall. A heat exchange device 200 may be disposed in an inner ring region of the annular combustion chamber, and the plurality of heat outlet ports 21 are connected to the heat exchange device 200 to collectively supply heat to the heat exchange device 200.

As shown in FIG. 11, in another specific example, the combustion furnace 100 of the present invention may be provided with two or more heat exchangers 200, and the heat outlets 21 of the two or more combustion furnaces 100 are connected to each other. Device 200 collectively provides heat to heat exchange device 200.

Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that the arrangement of the combustion furnace 100 and the heat exchange device 200 of the present invention is not limited to the above several methods, as long as the combustion furnace 100 can supply heat to the heat exchange device 200, and is not limited. The combustion furnace 100 and the heat exchange device 200 are specifically arranged.

The above description of the present invention is intended to be illustrative only, and various modifications that do not depart from the gist of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. These variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

claims

1. A solid fuel combustion method, characterized in that the combustion furnace is divided into at least three areas: a retort cracking chamber, a mixed combustion chamber and an ash chamber; the solid fuel is continuously supplied to the retort cracking chamber, so that the solid fuel is cracked in the retort The chamber is cracked by dry distillation to separate out the volatile components, and then the fuel after the volatile components are released enters the lower part of the mixing combustion chamber, where the fixed carbon is burned in the lower part of the mixing combustion chamber, and the ash produced by the fixed carbon combustion is discharged into the ash chamber; at the same time, , the combustion-supporting gas enters from the retort cracking chamber, passes through the solid fuel layer of the retort cracking chamber and mixes with the precipitated volatile matter, and then enters from the upper part of the mixed combustion chamber to above the fixed carbon combustion flame of the mixed combustion chamber, and is above the fixed carbon combustion flame. The volatile components are burned under the action of the mixture; part of the heat generated by the combustion of volatile components is provided to the retort cracking chamber to provide the required temperature environment for the newly entered solid fuel retort cracking. The remaining heat is provided to the outside through the outlet of the mixed combustion chamber. heat exchange device; thus as new solid fuel and combustion-supporting gas are continuously supplied to the retort cracking chamber, heat is continuously provided from the outlet to the external heat exchange device.

2. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the solid fuel layer in the retort cracking chamber is controlled in a range higher than the precipitation temperature of the volatile components of the solid fuel and lower than the ignition point of the volatile components, so as to Prevent volatile components from being ignited in the retort cracking chamber.

3. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the retort cracking chamber is controlled in a range of higher than 260 degrees and lower than 800 degrees to prevent volatile components from being ignited in the retort cracking chamber.

4. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel with precipitated volatile components enters the lower part of the mixed combustion zone before the fixed carbon is burned or just before the fixed carbon is burned and ash is not generated.

5. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the outer flame of the fixed carbon combustion flame in the mixed combustion chamber is higher than the ignition point of the volatile components, so as to ignite the volatile components and facilitate the complete combustion of the volatile components.

6. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer flame temperature of the fixed carbon combustion flame in the mixed combustion chamber is controlled to be higher than 800 degrees, so that the volatile components are fully burned and the emission pollution is reduced.

7. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature at the bottom of the fixed carbon combustion layer in the mixed combustion chamber is controlled to be lower than the ash melting point to prevent ash melting.

8. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature at the bottom of the fixed carbon combustion layer in the mixed combustion chamber is controlled below 400 degrees to prevent ash melting.

9. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that when the combustion furnace is ignited, an external heat source is first used to provide heat to the retort cracking chamber and the mixing combustion chamber, and the heat provided by the external heat source causes the retort to ignite. The solid fuel in the cracking chamber precipitates volatile components under the action of this heat, and the fixed carbon fuel after carbonization and cracking enters the mixed combustion chamber. Afterwards, the fixed carbon fuel can be ignited to cause combustion; after the fixed carbon combustion flame is generated, the combustion furnace enters a self-combustion cycle state.

10. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that the retort cracking chamber, the mixing combustion chamber and the ash chamber are arranged in the height direction according to the upper, middle and lower directions, and the retort cracking chamber is located at the upper part, The mixing combustion chamber is located in the middle and the ash chamber is located at the bottom.

11. The solid fuel combustion method as claimed in claim 10, wherein the upper retort cracking chamber and the middle mixed combustion chamber are separated by an upper grate, and solid fuel within a standardized volume range is used. By setting the upper grate The size of the gap is such that the smaller volume of fuel after retort cracking in the upper area falls into the lower part of the mixing combustion chamber through the gap in the upper grate.

12. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 11, characterized in that the solid fuel on the upper grate can be moved to make the fuel after retort cracking fall into the mixing combustion chamber more smoothly.

13. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 11, characterized in that the material can be fed into the retort cracking chamber through the top of the retort cracking chamber.

14. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 13, characterized in that after the solid fuel falls onto the upper grate through the feed port, a natural stockpile slope is formed, and the natural stockpile slope is consistent with the retort cracking chamber. There is no material space between the tops.

15. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 14, characterized in that, after the combustion-supporting gas passes through the material-free space, it passes through the natural stockpile slope, mixes with the volatile matter precipitated in the stockpile layer, and then enters the mixing chamber. combustion chamber.

16. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 14, characterized in that the height of the interval between the feed port and the upper grate is adjusted to adjust the feed amount per unit time, thereby adjusting the direction of the combustion furnace per unit time. External heat supply.

17. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 1, characterized in that, the material can be fed from one side of the retort cracking chamber, and a feed plate extends inward along the feeding direction, and the feed plate is formed into a retort cracking chamber. The separation between the combustion chamber and the mixing combustion chamber is to form a dropping port at the front end of the feed plate. By controlling the feed speed, the solid fuel entering the retorting and cracking chamber enters the mixing port from the dropping port after the volatile components are released by retorting and cracking. combustion chamber.

18. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 17, characterized in that the feed plate can be provided with gaps for the passage of volatile components and combustion-supporting gas produced after retort cracking.

19. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 10, characterized in that a lower grate can be provided at the bottom of the mixing combustion chamber to separate the mixing combustion chamber and the ash chamber, so that the burned ash falls through the lower grate. Enter the gray room.

20. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 19, wherein the fixed carbon fuel in the lower part of the mixing combustion chamber can be stirred to make the burned ash fall into the ash chamber more smoothly.

21. The solid fuel combustion method according to claim 1 or 10, characterized in that the combustion method does not pass through the ash chamber to the mixing chamber. The combined combustion chamber provides combustion-supporting gas; or the amount of combustion-supporting gas provided to the ash chamber is controlled so that the temperature at the bottom of the fixed carbon combustion layer is lower than the ash melting point.

22. A solid fuel combustion furnace, characterized in that the combustion furnace is divided into at least three areas: a carbonization cracking chamber, the carbonization cracking chamber has a feed port for the solid fuel to enter and an air inlet for the combustion-supporting gas to enter ; Among them, the solid fuel continuously enters the retort cracking chamber from the feed port, and the solid fuel is cracked in the retort cracking chamber to release volatile components, and the combustion-supporting gas passes through the solid fuel layer and mixes with the precipitated volatile components;

The mixed combustion chamber is adjacent to the retort cracking chamber. The upper part of the mixed combustion chamber has a heat outlet; the fuel after the volatile components are precipitated enters the mixed combustion chamber, and a fixed carbon combustion layer is formed in the lower part of the mixed combustion chamber to support combustion. The mixed flow of gas and volatile components enters from the upper part of the mixing combustion chamber to the fixed carbon combustion flame of the mixing combustion chamber, and the volatile components are burned under the action of the fixed carbon combustion flame; part of the heat generated by the combustion of volatile components is provided to the retort cracking chamber. , provide the required temperature environment for the newly entered solid fuel retort cracking, and the remaining heat is provided to the external heat exchange device through the heat outlet;

The ash chamber is adjacent to the mixing combustion chamber and is used to discharge the ash produced by the combustion of fixed carbon.

23. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 22, wherein the temperature of the retort cracking chamber is higher than the precipitation temperature of volatile components of the solid fuel and lower than the ignition point of the volatile components to prevent the volatile components from being evaporated in the retort cracking chamber. ignite.

24. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 22, wherein the temperature of the retort cracking chamber is higher than 260 degrees and lower than 800 degrees to prevent volatile components from being ignited in the retort cracking chamber.

25. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 22, characterized in that the fuel with volatile components precipitated in the retort cracking chamber enters the mixed combustion zone before the fixed carbon is burned or just before the fixed carbon is burned and ash is not produced. lower part.

26. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 22, characterized in that the temperature of the outer flame of the fixed carbon combustion flame in the mixed combustion chamber is higher than the ignition point of the volatile components, so as to facilitate the complete combustion of the volatile components.

27. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 22, characterized in that the outer flame temperature of the fixed carbon combustion flame in the mixed combustion chamber is higher than 800 degrees, so as to fully burn the volatile components and reduce emission pollution.

28. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 22, wherein the temperature at the bottom of the fixed carbon combustion layer in the mixed combustion chamber is lower than the ash melting point.

29. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 22, characterized in that the temperature at the bottom of the fixed carbon combustion layer in the mixed combustion chamber is lower than 400 degrees.

30. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 22, characterized in that the combustion furnace is divided into upper, middle and lower parts in the height direction, the upper part is formed as the retort cracking chamber, and the middle part is formed as a mixing chamber. Combustion chamber, lower part It is formed as an ash chamber, in which the separation between the carbonization cracking chamber and the mixing combustion chamber is set to enable the solid fuel to fall into the mixing combustion chamber after the volatile matter is precipitated in the carbonization cracking chamber.

31. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 30, characterized in that the interval between the retort cracking chamber and the mixing combustion chamber is set to enable the fuel with volatile components precipitated in the retort cracking chamber to be burned in the fixed carbon The fixed carbon combustion enters the lower part of the mixed combustion zone before or just before ash is produced.

32. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 30, characterized in that the upper retort cracking chamber and the middle mixing combustion chamber are separated by an upper grate.

33. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 32, wherein the solid fuel is solid fuel particles within a standard volume range, and the gap size of the upper grate is set to enable the retorting and cracking chamber to retort and crack. The reduced fuel volume falls into the lower part of the mixing combustion chamber through the gap in the upper grate.

34. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 32, characterized in that the gap size of the upper grate is set in such a way that the fuel after decomposing the volatile components by retorting and cracking can be burned with fixed carbon before or just after the fixed carbon is burned. Ash falls into the mixing combustion chamber before it is produced.

35. The solid fuel burning furnace according to claim 32, characterized in that a stirrer for stirring the solid fuel is provided on the upper grate.

36. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 32, characterized in that the feed inlet is provided at the top of the carbonization cracking chamber.

37. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 32, characterized in that a feed hopper is provided on the top of the retort cracking chamber, the lower part of the feed hopper extends inside, and the bottom end of the feed hopper Formed as the feed port of the combustion furnace.

38. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 37, characterized in that the feed hopper is in the shape of a tapered cone.

39. The solid fuel combustion furnace of claim 36, wherein a feeding gap is formed between the feed port and the upper grate, and the cross-sectional area of the feed port is smaller than that of the upper grate on the horizontal plane. After the solid fuel falls onto the upper grate through the feed port, a natural stacking slope is formed, and a material-free space is formed between the upper surface of the natural stacking slope and the top of the retort cracking chamber.

40. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 39, wherein the air inlet corresponds to the material-free space, so that the combustion-supporting gas passes through the material-free space and enters the solid fuel to mix with the volatile matter.

41. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 39, characterized in that, by adjusting the size of the feeding interval, the heat supply of the combustion furnace to the outside per unit time is adjusted.

42. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 30 or 31, characterized in that, in the retort cracking chamber A feed port is provided on one side, and a feed plate extends from the feed port into the furnace. A blanking port is formed between the front end of the feeding plate and the side wall of the furnace, so that the blanking port and the feeding plate constitute a dry distillation process. The separation between the cracking chamber and the mixing combustion chamber allows the solid fuel entering the retort cracking chamber to be pushed toward the drop port with the feed by controlling the feed speed, so that the fuel after retort cracking falls from the drop port. to the mixing chamber.

43. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 42, characterized in that the feed plate can be provided with pores for the passage of volatile components and combustion-supporting gas produced after retort cracking.

44. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 30, characterized in that a lower grate is provided at the bottom of the mixing combustion chamber, and the lower grate forms a separation between the mixing combustion chamber and the ash chamber, so that after combustion The ashes fell into the ash chamber.

45. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 44, characterized in that a stirrer for turning the fixed carbon fuel is provided on the lower grate.

46. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 22 or 30, characterized in that no combustion gas inlet hole is provided in the ash chamber.

47. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 22 or 30, wherein an auxiliary combustion-supporting gas inlet hole is provided in the ash chamber to provide an amount of combustion-supporting gas such that the temperature at the bottom of the mixing combustion chamber is lower than the ash melting point.

48. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 22, wherein the furnace is formed in an annular shape, and a plurality of the heat extraction ports are provided along the circumferential direction of the annular inner wall.

49. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 48, wherein the heat exchange device is provided in the inner ring area of the annular combustion chamber, and the plurality of heat outlets are connected to the heat exchange device, Provide heat to the heat exchange device.

50. The solid fuel combustion furnace according to claim 22, wherein more than two of the combustion furnaces are arranged around the heat exchange device, and the heat outlet ports of the two or more combustion furnaces are connected to the heat exchanger. devices, jointly provide heat to the heat exchange device.