CN105090939A - Hot blast heater recycling low-heating-value gas and combustion method - Google Patents
Hot blast heater recycling low-heating-value gas and combustion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105090939A CN105090939A CN201510488817.2A CN201510488817A CN105090939A CN 105090939 A CN105090939 A CN 105090939A CN 201510488817 A CN201510488817 A CN 201510488817A CN 105090939 A CN105090939 A CN 105090939A
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- pyrolysis gas
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combustion method recycling low-heating-value gas. The method comprises the following steps that coal powder is ignited and combusted through a coal powder combustion chamber (2) at the bottom of a hot blast heater (1), high-temperature hot smoke is generated, the temperature of a hearth of the hot blast heater (1) can be increased through the hot smoke so that the temperature can reach the ignition point of pyrolysis gas or above; pyrolysis gas is conveyed into a pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3) in the middle of the hot blast heater (1), heat is supplied to the pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3) through the hot smoke generated in the coal powder combustion chamber (2), ignition combustion is carried out on the pyrolysis gas in the high-temperature and low-oxygen environment, and high-temperature smoke is generated; high-temperature smoke generated in the pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3) and supplemented low-heating-value gas are mixed in a mixing chamber (4) on the top of the hot blast heater (1) so as to form low-dust and low-oxygen high-temperature smoke exhausted out of the hot blast heater (1). According to the hot blast heater recycling low-heating-value gas and the combustion method, the purpose of stable combustion of the ultra-low-heating-value gas is achieved, and the combustion of the hot blast heater is stable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Combustion System of Hot-Blast Stove, particularly relate to a kind of hot-blast stove and the combustion method that reclaim low-BTU gas.
Background technology
The petroleum resources of China is deficient, more than 60% dependence on import, there is abundant low-order coal resource on the ground such as Inner Mongol, Shaanxi and Xinjiang, but low-order coal exists that moisture is high, caloric value is low, easy-weathering and spontaneous combustion, long distance transportation and storage inconvenience, and the thermal efficiency is lower when burning, CO
2with the discharge capacity comparatively high of dust, constrain it and utilize.
By carrying out pyrolysis processing to the low-order coal of cheapness, realize the classified utilization that it is effective and reasonable to greatest extent, obtain the semicoke of high heating value and middle coalite tar, to the energy security of China, there is very high strategic importance, but low-order coal can produce a large amount of pyrolysis gas in pyrolytic process, containing combustible component in these gases, but calorific value is very low, utilize difficulty, directly discharge not only contaminated environment, and waste energy.
At present, apply more at home, low heat value gas and exotic fuels (natural gas, diesel oil, fuel oil, comprise calorific value at 3200kJ/m
3above blast furnace gas etc.), or the hot-blast stove of direct burning raw coal.Mainly there is the shortcoming of following several respects in existing hot-blast stove process system:
1) containing more non-combustible composition in the gas of super-low calorific value, difficulty of catching fire and flame extremely unstable, need adopt the fuel of the high heating value such as natural gas, fuel oil to carry out auxiliary combustion, there is system complex, the problem of economy and poor stability;
2) existing coal-fired hot-blast stove, general price and the higher lump coal of use value of adopting, as material combusting, exists that hot blast oxygen content is high, dust is many, affects the problems such as product quality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide hot-blast stove and the combustion method of the recovery low-BTU gas that a kind of structure is simple, efficiency of combustion is high.
For achieving the above object, the concrete technical scheme of a kind of hot-blast stove and combustion method that reclaim low-BTU gas of the present invention is:
A kind of combustion method reclaiming low-BTU gas, comprise the following steps: in the pulverized coal combustor bottom hot-blast stove, ignition is carried out to coal dust, produce the heat smoke of high temperature, the temperature that heat smoke can improve hearth of hot-blast stove is with more than the ignition point reaching low-BTU gas; Carry pyrolysis gas in pyrolysis gas combustion chamber in the middle part of hot-blast stove, the heat smoke produced in pulverized coal combustor provides heat to pyrolysis gas combustion chamber, under the environment of high-temperature low-oxygen, carry out ignition to pyrolysis gas, produces high-temperature flue gas; In the mixing chamber at hot-blast stove top, the high-temperature flue gas produced in pyrolysis gas combustion chamber is mixed with the low-BTU gas supplemented, to form the high-temperature flue gas discharge hot-blast stove of low dirt, hypoxemia.
Reclaim a hot-blast stove for low-BTU gas, hot-blast stove is divided into three chambers, is respectively pulverized coal combustor, pyrolysis gas combustion chamber and mixing chamber from bottom to up, and three chambers are interconnected.
The advantage of a kind of hot-blast stove and combustion method that reclaim low-BTU gas of the present invention is:
1) in control oxygen content, when smooth combustion, by the regulation and control gas of super-low calorific value and the different ratio of coal dust, the minimum calorific value of acquisition needed for low-BTU gas and air capacity, can the low-calorie gas of preferential combustion;
2) coal dust utilizing upgrading low-order coal to produce and low-calorie gas burn respectively in respective burner, adopt recirculating zone grading bamboo technology burner, solve the problem of super-low calorific value gas smooth combustion;
3) in the burner hearth of special construction, mix high-temperature flue gas, and carry out dedusting in early stage;
4) hot-blast stove has the advantages such as efficiency of combustion is high, flameholding is reliable, structure is simple, cost is low;
5) by low-BTU gas and coal powder collection, and in hot-blast stove, carry out compound combustion simultaneously, provide dry and pyrolysis thermal source can to upgrading low-order coal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the combustion system in hot-blast stove of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the hot-blast stove in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the top view of the hot-blast stove in the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to better understand object of the present invention, structure and function, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to of the present invention a kind of reclaim low-BTU gas hot-blast stove and combustion method do further detailed description.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, it shows hot-blast stove for recovery low-BTU gas of the present invention and combustion method, hot-blast stove 1 is divided into three chambers, be respectively: the pulverized coal combustor 2 bottom hot-blast stove 1, coal dust in ignition pulverized coal combustor 2 produces the heat smoke of high temperature, and heat smoke can improve the temperature in hot-blast stove 1 burner hearth and reach more than the ignition point of low-BTU gas (low-BTU gas such as pyrolysis gas, dry gas that low-order coal low temperature distillation process produces); Pyrolysis gas combustion chamber 3 in the middle part of hot-blast stove 1, the heat smoke produced after coal dust firing in pulverized coal combustor 2 carries heat, heat can be used as the supplemental heat source of carrying out needed for smooth combustion to the pyrolysis gas in pyrolysis gas combustion chamber 3, also can be used as part oxygen amount required in pyrolysis gas burning, by regulating and controlling the different ratio of pyrolysis gas and coal dust, control and keep the temperature of hot-blast stove 1 burner hearth at about 1000 DEG C, the pyrolysis gas under the environment of high temperature, hypoxemia in combustion and pyrolysis combustion chamber 3 also produces high-temperature flue gas; The mixing chamber 4 at hot-blast stove 1 top, the high-temperature flue gas produced after coal dust, the combustion heat being vented one's spleen and supplementary low-BTU gas mixing temperature adjustment, carry out sedimentation dedusting to gaseous mixture, to form the high-temperature flue gas of low dirt, hypoxemia by design and baffle plate in special stove.It should be noted, in the present invention, low-calorie gas take pyrolysis gas as citing, but is not restricted to be only pyrolysis gas.
Further, pulverized coal combustor 2 is connected with pulverized coal combustion system, comprises natural gas fired system 51, coal dust conveying fan 52 and coal dust combustion fan 53, and natural gas fired system 51 is for lighting a fire to pulverized coal combustor 2; Coal dust conveying fan 52 is connected with pulverized coal combustor 2 by power transportation pipe, coal dust firing pipeline is provided with the process powder storehouse to pulverized coal combustor 2 pulverized coal conveying, and coal dust conveying fan 52 is for being conveyed in pulverized coal combustor 2 by the coal dust in process powder storehouse; Coal dust combustion fan 53 is connected with pulverized coal combustor 2 by the combustion-supporting pipeline of coal dust, coal dust combustion fan 53 is for drying combustion-supporting to pulverized coal combustor 2, regulate coal dust combustion fan 53, control the oxygen concentration in pulverized coal combustor 2 and coal dust firing, to improve the temperature of pulverized coal combustor 2 and to reach more than the ignition point of pyrolysis gas.Wherein, the combustion-supporting pipeline of coal dust is provided with the device such as coal, pulverulent fuel mixer, coal burner.
Further, pyrolysis gas combustion chamber 3 is connected with pyrolysis gas combustion system, comprise pyrolysis gas induction system 54 and pyrolysis gas combustion fan 55, pyrolysis gas induction system 54 is connected with pyrolysis gas combustion chamber 3 by pipeline, and pyrolysis gas induction system 54 carries pyrolysis gas in pyrolysis gas combustion chamber 3; Pyrolysis gas combustion fan 55 is connected with pyrolysis gas combustion chamber 3 by the combustion-supporting pipeline of pyrolysis gas, the partial oxidation of pyrolysis gas combustion fan 55 for regulating pyrolysis gas required when combustion chamber 3 ignition.Wherein, pyrolysis gas induction system, except pyrolysis gas burner, is also provided with nitrogen purging device 57, removes the combustible of in pyrolysis gas conveyance conduit, pyrolysis gas burner and hot-blast stove 1 when start and stop hot-blast stove.
When the coal dust smooth combustion in pulverized coal combustor 2 and after improving the temperature of pyrolysis gas combustion chamber 3, ignition is carried out to the pyrolysis gas in pyrolysis gas combustion chamber 3, the oxygen content of the heat smoke produced after combusting coal fines is lower, and the temperature rising of hot-blast stove 1 burner hearth can improve low-BTU gas combustible activity, improve the flammability of low-calorie pyrolysis gas, at flue gas hypoxemia, inert atmosphere, and when temperature about 900 DEG C and chamber temperature more than 850 DEG C, the heat smoke produced after coal dust firing can ensure low-calorie pyrolysis gas smooth combustion, to produce high-temperature flue gas.
Further, mixing chamber 4 is communicated with low-BTU gas replenishment cycles device 56, low-BTU gas replenishment cycles device 56 is connected with mixing chamber 4 by pipeline, low-BTU gas replenishment cycles device 56 carries low-BTU gas in mixing chamber 4, the temperature of the adjustable high-temperature flue gas of supplementary low-BTU gas and air quantity.
Further, hot-blast stove 1 is vertical and cylindrical overall structure, hot-blast stove 1 is provided with coal burner 61 and pyrolysis gas burner 62, coal burner 61 and pyrolysis gas burner 62 are all circumferentially on the sidewall of hot-blast stove 1, coal burner 61 is arranged near pulverized coal combustor 2, and pyrolysis gas burner 62 is arranged near pyrolysis gas combustion chamber 3.Coal burner 61 and pyrolysis gas burner 62 are recirculating zone grading bamboo burning, because the temperature of recirculating zone is higher, with make coal dust and low-calorie pyrolysis gas easy smooth combustion of fighting, wherein, the gas of super-low calorific value is often containing more non-combustible composition, need more ignition heat just can light, so flame extremely unstable, by recirculating zone grading bamboo technology, sub-fraction air is sent into recirculating zone, utilize recirculating zone flow velocity low, the feature that temperature is high, air is taken the lead in and fuel combustion, stable ignition source is provided to main flow, to obtain stable burning.
Further, the top of hot-blast stove 1 is provided with the cyclone dust collectors 7 for dedusting, and cyclone dust collectors are arranged on the air outlet of hot-blast stove 1, carries out dedusting, to provide the hot blast of low dirt, hypoxemia, high temperature to the hot blast that air outlet is discharged.In addition, the outlet at bottom place of hot-blast stove 1 is provided with slag extractor 8, discharges hot-blast stove 1 for the treatment of waste residue in hot-blast stove 1.
Further, hot-blast stove 1 is provided with control device, the temperature of control device to the outlet temperature of hot-blast stove 1 and combustion chamber adopts bunch grade adjustment, be when can ensure low-BTU gas smooth combustion, hot-blast stove outlet temperature is regulated in chamber temperature, after guarantee mixing chamber outlet temperature reaches setting value, load is adjusted, oxygen content control: put into operation at fuel, temperature regulate and Load Regulation process in should be all the time, air is added after the first refuelling of upper timing, under parameter, timing subtracts fuel after first subtracting air, prevents oxygen atmosphere.
Wherein, combustion process can be divided into the stage of catching fire and two stages of combustion phases, the mixture of fuel and air is caught fire, precondition is to the temperature slightly higher than ignition point by its heating temperatures, after reaching ignition temperature, also have substantial connection with Blended fuels constituent concentration, namely there is an ignition range, the All Time required for fuel combustion is made up of two parts: the time τ needed for brought into physical contact occurs between fuel and air
phwith the time τ carried out needed for chemical reaction
ch, that is: τ=τ
ph+ τ
ch; If τ
ph<< τ
ch, then τ=τ
ch, now claim combustion process to carry out in power-section; If τ
ph>> τ
ch, then: τ=τ
ph, now claim combustion process to carry out in diffusion region.When combustion process is carried out in power-section, burning velocity is mainly subject to the control of chemical kinetics factor, as the activation energy of reactant, the temperature and pressure etc. of mixture.When combustion process is carried out in diffusion region, burning velocity mainly by the control of fluid dynamics factor, as in the speed of air-flow, flow process the size of object that runs into and shape etc.Power-section and diffusion region are two limit regions of combustion process, and combustion process is between the two called mesozone or power one diffusion region.In mesozone, the brought into physical contact time needed for combustion process is close with chemical time, i.e. τ
ph≈ τ
ch, now burning velocity is all relevant with hydrodynamics with chemical kinetics.General primary air ratio a
1(air capacity namely mixed with fuel gas in advance before combustion reaction and the ratio of theoretical air requirement) distinguishes the region belonging to combustion process.During the burning of diffusion region, a
1=0; During the burning of power-section, a
1>=0; During the burning of mesozone, 0<a
1<1.
To achieve these goals, present invention also offers a kind of combustion method reclaiming low-BTU gas, comprise the following steps: in the pulverized coal combustor 2 bottom hot-blast stove 1, ignition is carried out to coal dust, produce the heat smoke of high temperature, the temperature that heat smoke can improve hot-blast stove 1 burner hearth is with more than the ignition point reaching pyrolysis gas; Carry pyrolysis gas in pyrolysis gas combustion chamber 3 in the middle part of hot-blast stove 1, the heat smoke produced in pulverized coal combustor 2 provides heat to pyrolysis gas combustion chamber 3, under the environment of high-temperature low-oxygen, carry out ignition to pyrolysis gas, produces high-temperature flue gas; In the mixing chamber 4 at hot-blast stove 1 top, the high-temperature flue gas produced in pyrolysis gas combustion chamber 3 is mixed with the low-BTU gas supplemented, to form the high-temperature flue gas discharge hot-blast stove 1 of low dirt, hypoxemia.
A kind of hot-blast stove and combustion method reclaiming low-BTU gas of the present invention, solves the problem of super-low calorific value gas smooth combustion; High-temperature flue gas and dedusting in early stage can be mixed in hot-blast stove; The hot-blast stove of low heat value pyrolysis gas and coal dust has efficiency of combustion and the advantage such as ignition temperature is high, structure is simple, cost is low.
Further describe invention has been by specific embodiment above; but it should be understood that; here concrete description; should not be construed as the restriction to the spirit and scope of the invention; one of ordinary skilled in the art to the various amendments that above-described embodiment is made, belongs to the scope that the present invention protects after reading this specification.
Claims (10)
1. reclaim a combustion method for low-BTU gas, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
In the pulverized coal combustor (2) of hot-blast stove (1) bottom, carry out ignition to coal dust, produce the heat smoke of high temperature, the temperature that heat smoke can improve hot-blast stove (1) burner hearth is with more than the ignition point reaching low-BTU gas;
Conveying pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3) at hot-blast stove (1) middle part, the heat smoke produced in pulverized coal combustor (2) provides heat to pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3), under the environment of high-temperature low-oxygen, ignition is carried out to pyrolysis gas, produce high-temperature flue gas;
In the mixing chamber (4) at hot-blast stove (1) top, the high-temperature flue gas produced in pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3) is mixed with the low-BTU gas supplemented, to form high-temperature flue gas discharge hot-blast stove (1) of low dirt, hypoxemia.
2. the burning process of pyrolysis gas according to claim 1 and coal dust firing, is characterized in that, to fight pulverized coal conveying and combustion-supporting flame to pulverized coal combustor (2) point, to improve the temperature of pulverized coal combustor (2).
3. the burning process of pyrolysis gas according to claim 1 and 2 and coal dust firing, is characterized in that, purges nitrogen, to remove the combustible in pipeline, burner and hot-blast stove (1) to pulverized coal combustor (2) conveying.
4. the burning process of pyrolysis gas according to claim 2 and coal dust firing, it is characterized in that, conveying combustion air and pyrolysis gas in pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3), regulate the ratio of pyrolysis gas and coal dust, to keep the temperature of hot-blast stove (1) burner hearth at about 1000 DEG C.
5. the burning process of pyrolysis gas according to claim 1 and coal dust firing, it is characterized in that, the high-temperature flue gas that pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3) produces rises in mixing chamber (4), to the low-BTU gas that mixing chamber (4) conveying supplements, to regulate temperature and the air quantity of high-temperature flue gas.
6. one kind is reclaimed the hot-blast stove of low-BTU gas, it is characterized in that, hot-blast stove (1) is divided into three chambers, and be respectively pulverized coal combustor (2), pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3) and mixing chamber (4) from bottom to up, three chambers are interconnected.
7. the hot-blast stove of recovery low-BTU gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, hot-blast stove (1) is provided with coal burner (61) and pyrolysis gas burner (62), coal burner (61) and pyrolysis gas burner (62) are all circumferentially on the sidewall of hot-blast stove (1), coal burner (61) is arranged near pulverized coal combustor (2), pyrolysis gas burner (62) is arranged near pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3), recirculating zone grading bamboo burning is in coal burner (61) and pyrolysis gas burner (62).
8. the hot-blast stove of recovery low-BTU gas according to claim 7, is characterized in that, pulverized coal combustor (2) is connected with pulverized coal combustion system, comprises
Natural gas fired system (51), for lighting a fire to pulverized coal combustor (2);
Coal dust conveying fan (52), for being conveyed in pulverized coal combustor (2) by coal dust;
Coal dust combustion fan (53), for drying combustion-supporting to pulverized coal combustor (2), regulate coal dust combustion fan (53), control the oxygen concentration in pulverized coal combustor (2), to improve the temperature of pulverized coal combustor (2) and to reach more than the ignition point of pyrolysis gas.
9. the hot-blast stove of recovery low-BTU gas according to claim 7, is characterized in that, pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3) are connected with pyrolysis gas combustion system, comprise
Pyrolysis gas conveying device (54), is connected with pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3) by pipeline, conveying pyrolysis cyclical gas in pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3);
Pyrolysis gas combustion fan (55), is connected with pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3) by the combustion-supporting pipeline of pyrolysis gas, for drying combustion-supporting to pyrolysis gas combustion chamber (3).
10. the hot-blast stove of recovery low-BTU gas according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, mixing chamber (4) is communicated with low-BTU gas supplementary device (56), low-BTU gas supplementary device (56) is connected with mixing chamber (4) by pipeline, low-BTU gas supplementary device (56) low-BTU gas that conveying supplements in mixing chamber (4), the temperature of the adjustable high-temperature flue gas of supplementary low-BTU gas and air quantity.
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| CN201510488817.2A CN105090939A (en) | 2015-08-11 | 2015-08-11 | Hot blast heater recycling low-heating-value gas and combustion method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510488817.2A CN105090939A (en) | 2015-08-11 | 2015-08-11 | Hot blast heater recycling low-heating-value gas and combustion method |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN106403277A (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2017-02-15 | 内蒙古京能锡林煤化有限责任公司 | Oxygen-enriched staged combustion hot-blast stove suitable for various fuel sources |
| CN115999176A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-04-25 | 佛山市骏鹰环境能源科技有限公司 | Ceramic drying and granulating system |
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Application publication date: 20151125 |