WO2013082922A1

WO2013082922A1 - Pulverized coal coking equipment and method

Info

Publication number: WO2013082922A1
Application number: PCT/CN2012/075887
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈华金
Original assignee: 新疆美特镁业有限公司
Priority date: 2011-12-09
Filing date: 2012-05-22
Publication date: 2013-06-13
Also published as: CN103160291A; CN103160291B; CN102492432A

Abstract

A pulverized coal coking equipment, comprising a pulverized coal semi-coking and pyrolyzing furnace (1); the pyrolyzing furnace comprises from top to bottom respectively a furnace charge inlet (2), a feeding and distributing area (3), a coal gas collection area (4), a coal gas dust filtration zone (5), a coal gas dispersion area (7), a pulverized coal pyrolyzing area (8) and a cooling coke discharging area (9). Also provided is a coking method utilizing the pulverized coal coking equipment, the method employing the pulverized coal with a particle diameter of less than 20mm, and comprising the steps of: spreading the charge, preheating, dust filtering, pulverized coal pyrolyzing, coal gas collecting and coke discharging. Using the pulverized coals with the particle diameter of less than 20mm for coking ensures that the pulverized coal pyrolysis is balanced, the coal gas generated during pyrolysis can be smoothly discharged, and the tar produced is clean and dust-free. The present invention utilizes ascending hot coal gas to preheat the pulverized coal, and descending semi-coke to preheat cold air and coal gas, thus fully utilizing heat energy, saving energy and reducing emission.

Description

Description: Pulverized coal coke equipment and coking method

The invention relates to a coal coal focusing device and a coking method.

Background technique

Semi-coke, also known as blue carbon, is a flammable solid product obtained by low-temperature dry distillation of coal. Coal removes pyrolysis water, tar, some sulfur and gas during rapid pyrolysis. The yield of raw coal semi-coke is about 50% ~ 70% of the mass of raw coal.

The semi-coke color is black and porous, and the main components are carbon, ash and volatile matter. The ash content depends on the raw coal quality, and the volatile content is about 5% to 20% (mass). Compared with coke, it has a high volatile content, a high porosity and a low mechanical strength. Strong reactivity with carbon monoxide, steam or oxygen. It is a good high-calorie smokeless fuel, mainly used as industrial or civil fuel, also used in syngas, calcium carbide production, etc., a small amount used as a reducing agent in smelting such as copper or phosphate rock, and also used as coking coal blending. .

The semi-coke contains a higher calorific value than the coal body. Semi-coke has better grindability, reactivity and flammability than coal. Therefore, semi-coke is the ideal injection fuel for blast furnaces instead of anthracite and sintering materials for steel plants.

The existing coal semi-coke pyrolysis furnace, whether it is internal heat type or external heat type, requires the particle size of the raw coal to be used between 20mm-80mm, and the pulverized coal below 20mm, due to small gap, poor gas permeability and flame penetration. Insufficient force, or poor heat conduction, etc., used for coking will lead to uneven temperature in different parts of the same coal seam, uneven pyrolysis, resulting in over-burning of some products, under-burning of some products, unstable quality; The gas after the solution cannot be discharged smoothly. In addition, the gas entrained dust overflows, causing the tar and dust to be unable to break off, affecting the quality of the tar. Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a coal-coking coke-making device and a coking method, which use a coal-powder coke having a particle diameter of 20 mm or less. The pulverized coal is pyrolyzed and balanced, and the gas generated by pyrolysis can be smoothly discharged and the dust and tar are separated. In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a pulverized coal coking device, comprising a pulverized coal semi-coke pyrolysis furnace, wherein the pyrolysis furnace is a furnace charge inlet, a feed fabric zone, a gas collection zone, a gas dust filter belt, and a pulverized coal from top to bottom. Pre-tropical, gas diverging zone, pulverized coal pyrolysis zone and cooling out of focus zone.

The top of the pyrolysis furnace is a charge inlet, and a feed car is installed at the charge inlet.

The feeding fabric area is provided with a plurality of bifurcated and tapered fabric structures.

The gas collecting area is provided with a planar grid-shaped gas collecting umbrella, and a flat grid-shaped diverging umbrella is arranged below the gas collecting umbrella as a gas diverging area.

The gas dust filter belt is disposed between the gas collecting umbrella and the diverging umbrella; the gas collecting area, the gas dust filter belt and the gas diverging area together constitute a pulverized coal pre-tropical zone.

The pulverized coal pyrolysis zone is an internal heat type structure, the furnace is a carbonization chamber, and the carbonization chamber is provided with a plurality of inner partition walls to divide the carbonization chamber into a plurality of parts, and the inner partition wall between the carbonization chambers is provided with an air duct and a gas pipeline And a mixing burner is arranged on the inner partition wall to the carbonization chamber; and a plurality of upper and lower left and right side baffles are respectively arranged on the outer wall of the carbonization inner wall and the inner partition wall, and the baffle is a sloping plate or a triangular plate. The mixing burner is located below the baffle.

The pulverized coal pyrolysis zone is an external heat structure, the furnace is a carbonization chamber, and the carbonization chamber is provided with a plurality of combustion chambers separated from the carbonization chamber, and the carbonization chamber is divided into a plurality of parts by the combustion chamber, the carbonization indoor wall and the combustion chamber The outer wall and the side wall of the carbonization chamber are respectively provided with a plurality of baffles which are staggered up and down and left and right, and the baffles are inclined plates and triangular plates.

Each row of combustion chambers is composed of a plurality of gas chambers separated by a plurality of layers from bottom to top, and the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone and the gas chamber cooled in the coke zone are separated by a gas pipeline, and are in the pulverized coal pyrolysis. The left and right ends of each gas chamber of the zone or the cooling defocusing zone are respectively provided with passages communicating with the upper and lower gas chambers, so that the entire combustion chamber forms a spirally rising gas passage from the bottom to the top, the pulverized coal The gas chamber at the bottom of the pyrolysis zone is provided with a gas or air inlet, the gas chamber of the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone is provided with a mixing burner, and the top gas chamber is provided with a flue for exhausting the flue gas.

The cooling out-of-focus zone is disposed below the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone, and the bottom of the cooling coke zone is installed Push the focus machine.

The invention also provides a method for coking coal by using a particle size of

Coking with pulverized coal below 20mm includes the following steps:

1), Cloth: Pulverized coal is loaded from the top of the pulverized coal semi-coke pyrolysis furnace, and the fabric and the tapered fabric structure are divided by the feeding fabric, and the fabric is evenly distributed;

2), preheating: pulverized coal falls freely from top to bottom in the pulverized coal semi-coke pyrolysis furnace, interacts with the upward hot gas, preheats the pulverized coal;

3), pulverized coal pyrolysis:

Internal heat type semi-coke oven:

When the internal heat structure is adopted, in the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone, the inner wall of the furnace and the outer wall of the carbonization chamber and the two side walls of the carbonization chamber are provided with a plurality of baffles, and a space is formed during the downward process of the pulverized coal to create gas and air for injection. The combustion chamber is used to generate thermal energy for pyrolysis of pulverized coal; the area of heat energy exchanged with pulverized coal is increased, and the pulverized coal around the space is heated to reach the temperature required for pyrolysis of pulverized coal; The pulverized coal forms a continuous tumbling, stirring, or hot frying process, so that the pulverized coal is uniformly heated and pyrolyzed, so that the quality of the produced semi-coke is balanced and stable;

External heat type semi-coke oven:

When the external heating structure is adopted, the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber in the furnace are separately arranged, and the baffles in the carbonization chamber do not function as a combustion chamber, but also increase the area of heat energy and pulverized coal exchange, and roll the pulverized coal. The effect of stirring or hot frying, so that the pulverized coal is uniformly heated and pyrolyzed, so that the quality of the produced semi-coke is balanced and stable;

4), gas collection:

A. During the descending process of the pulverized coal through the staggered baffles, a certain gap is generated to provide a passage for the hot gas generated in the pyrolysis of the pulverized coal;

B. The pulverized coal pyrolysis zone, because of the establishment of a multi-layer baffle, the coal seam between the baffles is greatly reduced, reducing the resistance of gas penetration;

C. Add a flat grid-like gas divergence umbrella in the gas-collecting umbrella area and the pulverized coal pyrolysis area in the upper part of the furnace to reduce the thickness of the single-layer coal seam and increase the gas permeability; Filter the belt evenly through the dust. A gas dust filter belt is set up between the gas collecting umbrella and the diverging umbrella. The coal seam thickness and temperature of the filter belt can separate the gas and the dust. When the dusty gas passes through this area, it can play against the dust. The filtering effect makes the passing gas clean and produces high quality tar;

5), out of focus: semi-coke down into the cooling zone, when indirect contact with incoming air and gas, the heat energy of the semi-coke is absorbed by the air and gas, the semi-coke gradually cools down; the air and gas are preheated, thereby reducing The amount of gas used has played a role in energy conservation and emission reduction.

The invention uses the coal coal coke having a particle diameter of less than 20 mm, thereby fundamentally ensuring the balanced heating, pyrolysis, gas dust filtration, and gas overflow passage of the pulverized coal during the coking process of the coal pulverized coal, thereby enabling the pulverized coal system The focus went smoothly. The coke preheats the cold air and the gas to make full use of the heat energy to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction. DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an internal heat type structure according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of an external heat type structure according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a side view of Figure 3.

detailed description

Example 1 Internal thermal structure

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the present invention provides a pulverized coal coke-making apparatus, which comprises a pulverized coal semi-coke pyrolysis furnace 1 , wherein the pyrolysis furnace is a charge inlet 2 and a feed distribution zone 3 from top to bottom. , gas collection area 4, gas dust filter belt 5, pulverized coal pre-tropical zone 6, gas diverging zone 7, pulverized coal pyrolysis zone 8 and cooling coke zone 9.

The top of the pyrolysis furnace is a charge inlet, and a feed truck 10 is installed at the charge inlet.

The feed fabric area is provided with a plurality of bifurcated and tapered fabric structures 11.

The gas collecting area is provided with a planar grid-shaped gas collecting umbrella 12, and a planar grid-shaped gas diverging umbrella 13 is disposed under the gas collecting umbrella as a gas diverging area.

The gas dust filter belt is disposed between the gas collecting umbrella and the diverging umbrella; the gas collecting area, The gas dust filter belt and the gas diverging zone together form a pulverized coal pre-tropic zone.

The pulverized coal pyrolysis zone is an internal heat type structure, the furnace is a carbonization chamber 14, and the carbonization chamber is provided with a plurality of inner partition walls 21 to divide the carbonization chamber into a plurality of parts, and an air duct 15 is disposed in the inner partition wall between the carbonization chambers. And a gas pipe 16 and a mixing burner 17 disposed at the inner partition wall and toward the carbonization chamber; a plurality of upper and lower left and right side baffles 18 are respectively disposed on the carbonization inner wall and the inner partition outer wall, and the baffle plate As a sloping plate or a triangular plate, the mixing burner is located under the baffle.

The cooling exiting zone is disposed below the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone, and a pusher 19 is mounted at the bottom of the cooling exiting zone.

Example 2 External thermal structure

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the present invention provides a coal-coking coke-making apparatus, comprising a coal semi-coke pyrolysis furnace 1 , wherein the pyrolysis furnace is a furnace material inlet 2 and a feeding cloth zone 3 from top to bottom. The gas collection area 4, the gas dust filter belt 5, the pulverized coal pre-tropical zone 6, the gas diverging zone 7, the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone 8 and the cooling coke zone 9.

The pulverized coal pyrolysis zone is an external heat type structure, the furnace is a carbonization chamber 14, and the carbonization chamber is provided with a plurality of combustion chambers 20 separated from the carbonization chamber, and the carbonization chamber is divided into a plurality of parts by the combustion chamber, and the carbonization indoor wall and A plurality of baffles 18 are arranged on the side walls of the combustion chamber and the side walls of the carbonization chamber, respectively, which are staggered up and down and left and right, and the baffles are inclined plates and triangular plates.

As shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, each row of combustion chambers is separated from the bottom by a plurality of gas chambers separated by a plurality of layers.

22, the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone and the gas chamber cooled in the coke zone are separated by gas pipe 23, and each gas chamber in the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone or the cooling coke zone is left and right. The ends are respectively provided with a passage 24 communicating with the upper and lower gas chambers, so that the entire exhaust The burning chamber forms a spirally rising gas passage in the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone and the cooling defocal zone respectively, and the gas chamber of the bottom layer of the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone is provided with a gas or air inlet 25, and the gas chamber of the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone is set. There is a mixing burner 26, and the top gas chamber is provided with a flue 27 for exhausting flue gas.

Example 3

The invention also provides a method for coking coal by using a pulverized coal having a particle diameter of 20 mm or less, comprising the following steps:

2), preheating: pulverized coal falls freely from top to bottom in the coal semi-coke pyrolysis furnace, interacts with the upward hot gas, preheats the pulverized coal;

3), pulverized coal pyrolysis:

Internal heat type semi-coke oven:

When the internal heat structure is adopted, in the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone, a plurality of baffles are built in the inner wall of the furnace, the outer wall of the carbonization and the inner wall of the carbonization chamber, and a space is formed in the downward process of the pulverized coal, which creates combustion for the gas and air blown in. The chamber generates heat for the pyrolysis of pulverized coal; increases the area where the thermal energy communicates with the pulverized coal, and warms the pulverized coal around the space to reach the temperature required for pyrolysis; since the baffles are designed to be staggered up and down, When the pulverized coal is descending, it forms a process of continuous rolling, stirring, or hot frying, so that the pulverized coal is uniformly heated and pyrolyzed, so that the quality of the produced semi-coke is balanced and stable;

External heat type semi-coke oven:

4), gas collection:

A. The pulverized coal passes through the staggered baffle down process, and a certain gap is generated. The hot gas generated in the pyrolysis of pulverized coal provides a channel for ascending;

C. A flat mesh gas divergence umbrella is added to the gas collecting umbrella area and the pulverized coal pyrolysis area in the upper part of the furnace body to reduce the thickness of the single layer coal seam and increase the gas permeability; at the same time, the gas is uniformly passed through the dust filter belt. A gas dust filter belt is set up between the gas collecting umbrella and the ventilating cover. The thickness and temperature of the coal seam of the filter belt can separate the gas and the dust. When the dusty gas passes through this area, it can play against the dust. The filtering effect makes the passing gas clean and produces high quality tar;

The invention uses the coal coal coke having a particle diameter of less than 20 mm, thereby fundamentally ensuring the balanced heating, pyrolysis, gas dust filtration, and gas overflow passage of the pulverized coal during the coking process of the coal pulverized coal, thereby enabling the pulverized coal system The focus went smoothly. The coke preheats the cold air and the gas to make full use of the heat energy to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.

It should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations or variations of the various forms may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the above description. There is no need and no way to exhaust all of the implementations. Obvious changes or variations resulting therefrom are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

Claim

A pulverized coal coking device, comprising a pulverized coal semi-coke pyrolysis furnace, characterized in that: the pyrolysis furnace is a charge inlet, a feed cloth area, a gas collection area, a gas dust filter belt, and the like, from top to bottom, Pulverized coal pre-tropical zone, gas diverging zone, pulverized coal pyrolysis zone and cooling out of focus zone.

The pulverized coal coke apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the top of the pyrolysis furnace is a charge inlet, and the charge inlet is installed with a feed car.

The pulverized coal coke apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: said feeding fabric area is provided with a plurality of bifurcated and tapered fabric structures.

4. The pulverizing coal coke apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the gas collecting area is provided with a planar grid-shaped gas collecting umbrella, and a planar grid-shaped gas diverging umbrella is disposed under the collecting umbrella.

5. The coal-coking apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the gas dust filter belt is disposed between the gas collecting umbrella and the gas diverging umbrella; the gas collecting area, the gas dust filter belt, and the gas diverging area Together form a pulverized coal pre-tropical zone.

The pulverized coal coking apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone is an internal heat type structure, the furnace is a carbonization chamber, and the carbonization chamber is provided with a plurality of inner partition walls to divide the carbonization chamber into In various parts, an air duct and a gas duct are arranged in the inner partition wall between the carbonization chambers, and a mixing burner is arranged on the inner partition wall and in the carbonization chamber; and the carbonized indoor wall and the inner partition wall are respectively provided with a plurality of respectively The baffle is staggered up and down, the baffle is a sloping plate or a triangular plate, and the mixing burner is disposed under the baffle.

The pulverized coal coking apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone is an external heat type structure, the furnace is a carbonization chamber, and the carbonization chamber is provided with a plurality of rows and a carbonization chamber isolated for combustion. The carbonization chamber is divided into a plurality of parts by the combustion chamber, and the carbonization inner wall, the combustion outdoor wall and the side wall of the carbonization chamber are respectively provided with a plurality of baffles which are staggered up and down and left and right, and the baffles are inclined plates and triangular plates.

8. The coal-pulverizing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: each row of combustion chambers is composed of a plurality of gas chambers separated from each other from bottom to top, a pulverized coal pyrolysis zone and a cooling coke zone. The gas chambers are separated by gas pipelines, and the left and right ends of each gas chamber in the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone or the cooling coke zone are respectively provided with passages communicating with the upper and lower gas chambers, The whole combustion chamber forms a spirally rising gas passage from bottom to top, and the gas chamber of the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone is provided with a gas or air inlet, and the gas chamber of the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone is provided with a mixing burner, the top layer The gas chamber is provided with a flue for exhausting flue gas.

The pulverized coal coking apparatus according to claim 6 or 7 or 8, wherein: the cooling defocusing zone is disposed below the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone, and the bottom of the cooling coke zone is provided with a push coke machine.

A method for coking coal with a pulverized coal, characterized in that the method uses coking with a particle size of 20 mm or less for coking, comprising the following steps:

3), pulverized coal pyrolysis:

Internal heat type semi-coke oven:

When the internal heat type structure is adopted, in the pulverized coal pyrolysis zone, a plurality of baffles are formed on the inner wall of the furnace chamber and the walls of the carbonization chamber or the carbonization chamber, and a space is formed in the downward process of the pulverized coal, which creates a gas and air for the injection of the gas. The combustion chamber generates heat energy for pyrolysis of pulverized coal; increases the area of heat energy exchanged with pulverized coal, and heats the pulverized coal around the space to reach the temperature required for pyrolysis of the pulverized coal; When the pulverized coal descends, it forms a process of continuous tumbling, stirring, or hot frying, so that the pulverized coal is uniformly heated and pyrolyzed, so that the quality of the produced semi-coke is balanced and stable;

External heat type semi-coke oven:

When the external heating structure is adopted, the carbonization chamber and the combustion chamber in the furnace are separately arranged, and a plurality of baffles are built on the inner wall of the furnace chamber and the wall of the carbonization chamber or the carbonization chamber, and a space is formed in the process of the pulverized coal, although the space does not The role of the combustion chamber, but also plays an important role in increasing the heat energy and the area of pulverized coal exchange, tumbling, stirring or hot frying the pulverized coal, so that the pulverized coal is uniformly heated. Pyrolysis, so that the quality of the produced semi-coke is balanced and stable;

4), gas collection:

C. Add a flat grid-like gas divergence umbrella area in the gas gathering umbrella area and the pulverized coal pyrolysis area in the upper part of the furnace body to reduce the thickness of the single-layer coal seam and increase the gas permeability; at the same time, the gas is uniformly passed through the dust filter belt. . A gas dust filter belt is set up between the gas collecting umbrella and the gas diverging umbrella. The coal seam thickness and temperature of the filter belt can separate the gas and the dust. When the dusty gas passes through this area, it can The filtering effect of dust makes the passing gas clean and produces high quality tar;