CN201520746U - External-combustion internal-heating-type coal dry distillation furnace - Google Patents

External-combustion internal-heating-type coal dry distillation furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201520746U
CN201520746U CN 200920222643 CN200920222643U CN201520746U CN 201520746 U CN201520746 U CN 201520746U CN 200920222643 CN200920222643 CN 200920222643 CN 200920222643 U CN200920222643 U CN 200920222643U CN 201520746 U CN201520746 U CN 201520746U
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China
Prior art keywords
coal
section
destructive distillation
gas
carbonization furnace
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN 200920222643
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张毅
苗文华
朱永平
程建龙
石长江
张旭辉
白中华
何鹏
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BEIJING ZHONGNENG HUAYUAN INVESTMENT Co Ltd
Beijing Guodian Futong Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
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BEIJING ZHONGNENG HUAYUAN INVESTMENT Co Ltd
Beijing Guodian Futong Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
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Abstract

An external-combustion internal-heating-type coal dry distillation furnace comprises sequentially from top to bottom a drying section for drying feed coal; a dry distillation section for dry distilling the dried feed coal to obtain a dry distilled product; a cooling section fed with a cooling carrier for cooling the dry distilled product from the dry distillation section; and a cooling device for feeding the cooling carrier to the cooling section. The external-combustion internal-heating-type coal dry distillation furnace can subject the dry distilled product to coke quenching, and has the advantages of high efficiency and high yield.

Description

External combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of coal carbonization furnace, relates in particular to a kind of external combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace.
Background technology
Destructive distillation is the reaction process of solid or organism thermal degradation under the secluding air condition.Pyrogenous result generates all gases, steam and solid residue.The mixture of gas and steam is divided into gas and liquid after cooling.Destructive distillation is human a kind of production process of being familiar with and adopting very early, as destructive distillation timber system charcoal, obtains another name for (methyl alcohol), wood vinegar etc. simultaneously.In the chemical process of coal, destructive distillation is an important method always.Coal is through after the destructive distillation, and the composition of raw material and state of aggregation all will change, and solid-state in the product, gaseous state and fluent meterial have, and can obtain semicoke, coal tar, virgin ammonia liquor and coke(oven)gas.
Destructive distillation is produced and is adopted periodical operation mostly, but destructive distillation device can be different and different with purpose because of raw material type, generally can be divided into external combustion type and self-burning type two classes.External combustion type is that raw material is put into the airtight gas retort (kiln) that metal or refractory materials are made, and outsidely uses the fuel combustion heat supply.This pattern of the many employings of modern destructive distillation device.Self-burning type then is in the pyrogenous while, feeds air in certain amount in gas retort, make the heat release of part destructive distillation material combusting, so raw material availability is lower, only adopts in small-scale production.
The lurgi gasifier that external combustion type coal carbonization furnace of the prior art adopts the thirties in 20th century with and improve the type of furnace.Lurgi gasifier claims three sections stoves again, as shown in Figure 1, is divided into three sections of dryings, destructive distillation, cooling.Solid material is sent into coal bunker by the furnace roof belt, be evenly distributed in dryer section 100, combustible gas in the dryer section combustion chamber 500 with air mixed burning, and and from the mixed thermal barrier that becomes of cyclic drying gas that middle archway is extracted out, send into dryer section 200 with dry recycle gas blower drying section 200 bottom archways and come the dried feed coal.On the waste gas drying section 200 behind the archway by the chimney emptying.Dried coal enters retort section 300.Combustible gas and the air hot gas after the burning of retort section combustion chamber 600 is about 1100 ℃, this hot gas with become 700-800 ℃ thermal barrier after secondary coal gas mixes, and make coal 450-500 ℃ of destructive distillation after coal contacts, steam oil gas.The raw gas that produces in the retort section 300 is removed coal tar via after-treatment system 700 and is handled.Coal cinder enters cooling section 400 after burning till semicoke, falls into the bucket that discharges of the coke after three dant air cooling but, falls into the band that discharges of the coke again to send Jiao Chang.
The improvement of lurgi gasifier mainly be concentrate on cloth evenly, the recycle gas resistance reduces, improves aspects such as heat supply condition, improvement deashing device and simplified apparatus.But all there is following shortcoming in existing improved various lurgi gasifiers: utilize the higher coal gas of temperature that produces in the destructive distillation treating processes to carry out quenching, the quenching cooling efficiency is low; Coal water content in the dryer section is bigger, water content excessive (more than the 1wt% (weight percent)) still when causing coal cinder to enter in the retort section, and this will influence dry distillation efficiency greatly; In addition, raw gas by the retort section output is at first handled, and feeds cooling section then and carries out quenching, just carries out emptying by chimney behind the coal cinder layer via body of heater afterwards, the coal gas through heating in cooling section is not carried out UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, caused a large amount of wastes of heat energy.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, technical problem to be solved in the utility model is the technical problem of the inefficiency of existing coal carbonization furnace, thereby propose a kind of refrigerating unit that utilizes the destructive distillation product is carried out the external combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace that the quenching cooling has improved dry distillation of coal efficient.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of external combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace of the present utility model is followed successively by from top to bottom:
Be used for to the withering dryer section of feed coal;
Be used for the feed coal through drying treatment is carried out the retort section that destructive distillation is handled, feed coal is handled the back through destructive distillation and is formed the destructive distillation product;
By feeding coolant carrier, being used for the destructive distillation product of output in the described retort section is carried out the cooling section of cooling process;
Feed the refrigerating unit of coolant carrier to described cooling section.
Described coolant carrier is cryogenic cooling gas.
Described dryer section top also is provided with and is used for feed coal is carried out the preheating section of thermal pretreatment; Described cooling gas will produce hot flue gas at described cooling section through after the cooling process, and described coal carbonization furnace also is provided with the exhaust pipe of described hot flue gas conducting to described preheating section.
In the raw gas exit of described retort section also is connected with described retort section, feed coal is carried out producing when destructive distillation is handled the after-treatment system that raw gas removes coal tar.
Also be connected with the drying and burning device between the exhanst gas outlet of described after-treatment system and described dryer section, it burns the part coal gas that produces in the described after-treatment system, be used for generation the dry flue gas of the drying treatment of described dryer section.
Also be connected with drying duct between the exhanst gas outlet of described cold flue gas pipeline and described drying and burning device, it can mix the part cold flue gas that produces in the described dryer section to regulate the temperature of drying treatment in the described dryer section with described dry flue gas.
Also be connected with the destructive distillation burner between the exhanst gas outlet of described after-treatment system and described retort section, it can burn the part coal gas that produces in the described after-treatment system, be used for the destructive distillation flue gas that the destructive distillation of described retort section is handled with generation.
Also be connected with the destructive distillation pipeline between the exhanst gas outlet of the exhanst gas outlet of described after-treatment system and described destructive distillation burner, it can mix the temperature of handling with the destructive distillation of regulating in the described retort section with described destructive distillation flue gas mutually with the part coal gas that produces in the described after-treatment system.
Described cooling gas is a nitrogen.
Described coolant carrier is a water.
Technique scheme of the present utility model has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
At first, external combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace of the present utility model utilizes refrigerating unit that the destructive distillation product is carried out the quenching cooling, the efficient height, and output is big.
Have again, external combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace of the present utility model is provided with preheating, drying, destructive distillation and cools off four segment structures, and will carry out thermal pretreatment to the raw material coal cinder in the preheating section through the hot flue gas of cooling section, made full use of the waste heat in the flue gas, remove sulphur a large amount of in the flue gas in the semicoke in cooling, realized energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Have, external combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace of the present utility model is lower than 1wt%, the dry distillation efficiency height because the raw material coal cinder has been carried out thermal pretreatment through the water content in the raw material coal cinder after the drying treatment again.
Description of drawings
For the easier quilt of content of the present utility model is clearly understood, according to specific embodiment of the utility model also in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the utility model is described in further detail below, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a lurgi gasifier structural representation of the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of external combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace of the present utility model;
Reference numeral is expressed as: the 1-preheating section; The 2-dryer section; The 3-retort section; The 4-cooling section; 5-drying and burning device; 6-destructive distillation burner; The 7-after-treatment system; 8-combustion air blower fan; The 9-recirculation blower; The 10-refrigerating unit; The 11-drying duct; The 12-exhaust pipe; The 13-emptying pipe; 14-destructive distillation pipeline; The 100-coal bunker; The 200-dryer section; The 300-retort section; The 400-cooling section; 500-dryer section combustion chamber; 600-retort section combustion chamber; The 700-after-treatment system.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 has shown a kind of concrete embodiment of external combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace of the present utility model, a kind of external combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace, and it is followed successively by from top to bottom: preheating section 1, dryer section 2, retort section 3 and cooling section 4.Described preheating section is arranged on described dryer section top, is communicated with described dryer section, is used for feed coal is carried out thermal pretreatment; Described dryer section is used for feed coal is carried out drying treatment, and obtains cold flue gas simultaneously; Described retort section 3 is used for that the feed coal through drying treatment is carried out destructive distillation and handles, and feed coal is handled the back through destructive distillation and formed semicoke; Described cooling section 4 is to come the semicoke of output is wherein carried out cooling process by feeding described cold flue gas, and obtains hot flue gas simultaneously.Described coal carbonization furnace also be provided with the cold flue gas discharge line and described hot flue gas conducting that described cooling section 4 is produced to the exhaust pipe 12 of described preheating section.Be connected with recirculation blower 9 on the described cold flue gas discharge line, it derives described dryer section with described cold flue gas.Described cold flue gas discharge line also is connected with the emptying passage 13 with described cold flue gas emptying.
External combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace of the present utility model carries out producing when destructive distillation is handled the after-treatment system 7 that raw gas removes coal tar to feed coal in the raw gas exit of described retort section 3 also is connected with described retort section 3.Between the exhanst gas outlet of described after-treatment system 7 and described dryer section 2, also be connected with drying and burning device 5, between the exhanst gas outlet of described cold flue gas discharge line and described drying and burning device 5, also be connected drying duct 11.Described drying and burning device 5 burns the part coal gas that produces in the described after-treatment system 7, be used for the dry flue gas of the drying treatment of described dryer section 2 with generation, and described drying duct 11 can mix the part cold flue gas that produces in the described dryer section 2 to regulate the temperature of drying treatment in the described dryer section 2 with described dry flue gas.In addition, between the exhanst gas outlet of described after-treatment system 7 and described retort section 3, also be connected with destructive distillation burner 6, between the exhanst gas outlet of the exhanst gas outlet of described after-treatment system 7 and described destructive distillation burner 6, also be connected with destructive distillation pipeline 14.Described destructive distillation burner 6 can burn the part coal gas that produces in the described after-treatment system 7, be used for the destructive distillation flue gas that the destructive distillation of described retort section 3 is handled with generation, and described destructive distillation pipeline 14 can mix the part coal gas that produces in the described after-treatment system 7 to regulate the temperature of the destructive distillation processing in the described retort section 3 with described destructive distillation flue gas mutually.The smoke inlet place of described drying and burning device 5 and described destructive distillation burner 6 also is connected with the combustion air blower fan 8 that combustion air is provided respectively in described drying and burning device 5 and described destructive distillation burner 6.
External combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace of the present utility model, its technical process are to comprise the following steps of recirculation: pre-heating step, promptly carry out thermal pretreatment to feed coal; A, the feed coal after the preheating is carried out drying treatment, and produce cold flue gas simultaneously; B, handle, form semicoke carry out destructive distillation through the coal of drying treatment; C, utilize refrigerating unit 10 that cooling gas-nitrogen is fed through destructive distillation to handle in the semicoke that produces, and described semicoke carried out the quenching cooling process, produce hot flue gas simultaneously, described hot flue gas feeds in the pending new feed coal new feed coal is carried out the thermal pretreatment in the described pre-heating step.When destructive distillation, produce raw gas among the described step b and be not used in the quenching cooling process.Producing drying treatment and the destructive distillation among the described step b that raw gas only is used for described step a among the described step b when destructive distillation handles.Wherein: described raw gas of part and air mixed burning back form the drying treatment that dry flue gas is used for described step a.The part cold flue gas that produces among the described step a is mixed to regulate the temperature of drying treatment among the described step a with described dry flue gas.Described raw gas of part and air mixed burning back form the destructive distillation processing that the destructive distillation flue gas is used for described step b.The part raw gas that produces among the described step b mixes with described destructive distillation flue gas to regulate the temperature that destructive distillation is handled among the described step b.The temperature of the coal cinder of thermal pretreatment is 75 ℃ in the described pre-heating step.The temperature of the withering coal cinder of described step a is 180 ℃.The temperature that destructive distillation is handled among the described step b is 530 ℃.The temperature that described step c carries out the coal cinder of quenching cooling process is 130 ℃.Also has the post-processing step of it being removed coal tar before the described raw gas burning.
External combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace of the present utility model all is filled with coal cinder or semicoke in preheating section, dryer section, retort section and the cooling section in the process of works better, and coal cinder moves down on the whole and output finished product semicoke.Being feed coal in the preheating section wherein, for carrying out the coal cinder of art breading, is the semicoke of processing to be cooled in the cooling section in dryer section and the retort section.The raw gas that produces in described retort section is removed coal tar through after-treatment system, obtains coal gas.The coal gas of the part that after-treatment system obtains produces the higher dry flue gas of temperature through the burning of drying and burning device, described dry flue gas mixes with the part cold flue gas of coming by conducting in the drying duct, obtains the suitable flue gas of temperature to be used for the drying treatment of dryer section; The coal gas of the other part that after-treatment system obtains produces the higher destructive distillation flue gas of temperature through the burning of destructive distillation burner, described destructive distillation flue gas obtains coal gas with a part of in addition again aftertreatment of coming by conducting in the destructive distillation pipeline to be mixed, and obtains the suitable flue gas of temperature and handles with the destructive distillation that is used for retort section.Combustion air provides by a combustion air blower fan in described drying and burning device and the described destructive distillation burner.In this external combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace, be provided with preheating, drying, destructive distillation and cool off four segment structures, cool nitrogen conducting in the refrigerating unit is to cooling section, again via the exhaust pipe conducting to preheating section, and feed coal wherein carried out thermal pretreatment, made full use of the waste heat in the flue gas.In addition,, be lower than 1wt% (weight percent), guaranteed dry distillation efficiency through the water content in the feed coal after the drying treatment because feed coal has been carried out thermal pretreatment.The semicoke output capacity of distillation process of the present utility model is 50%; The semicoke water ratio is below the 8wt% (weight percent); The calorific value of raw gas is 1400KCal/Nm 3More than.
In other embodiment, the temperature of the coal cinder of thermal pretreatment is other numerical value in the 50-100 ℃ of scope in the described pre-heating step.The temperature of the withering coal cinder of described step a is other numerical value in the 150-220 ℃ of scope.The temperature that destructive distillation is handled among the described step b is other numerical value in the 500-570 ℃ of scope.The temperature that described step c carries out the semicoke of quenching cooling process is other interior numerical value of 110-150 ℃ of scope.Temperature in the technique scheme is the temperature in preheating section, dryer section, retort section and the cooling section chamber.The Temperature numerical scope of technique scheme all can satisfy the requirement of semicoke quantity-produced, and the Temperature numerical in the concrete enforcement that the front is introduced in detail is best embodiment, and it can reach the highest production efficiency, and production is suitable for working continuously.In other embodiment, it can also be the different product of activated coke or the like volatile content that the destructive distillation product that produces in the destructive distillation treating processes of step b has gone out semicoke, and concrete product type is by the temperature process conditional decision.In addition, also can not be provided with pre-heating step in other embodiment, the coolant carrier device conducting that is cooled is at this moment cooled off the destructive distillation product to cooling section, and speed of cooling is fast, thereby has improved whole dry distillation efficiency.In other embodiment, coolant carrier can also be a water, and it can play quick quenching cooling purpose equally.
Obviously, the foregoing description only is for example clearly is described, and is not the qualification to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give exhaustive to all embodiments.And conspicuous variation of being extended out thus or change still are among the protection domain of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. an external combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace is characterized in that, is followed successively by from top to bottom:
Be used for to the withering dryer section of feed coal (2);
Be used for the feed coal through drying treatment is carried out the retort section (3) that destructive distillation is handled, feed coal is handled the back through destructive distillation and is formed the destructive distillation product;
By feeding coolant carrier, being used for the destructive distillation product of output in the described retort section is carried out the cooling section (4) of cooling process;
Feed the refrigerating unit (10) of coolant carrier to described cooling section (4).
2. coal carbonization furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described coolant carrier is cryogenic cooling gas.
3. coal carbonization furnace according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described dryer section (2) top also is provided with and is used for feed coal is carried out the preheating section (1) of thermal pretreatment; Described cooling gas will produce hot flue gas at described cooling section (4) through after the cooling process, and described coal carbonization furnace also is provided with the exhaust pipe (12) of described hot flue gas conducting to described preheating section (1).
4. coal carbonization furnace according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in the raw gas exit of described retort section (3) also is connected with described retort section (3) feed coal is carried out producing when destructive distillation is handled the after-treatment system (7) that raw gas removes coal tar.
5. coal carbonization furnace according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, also be connected with drying and burning device (5) between the exhanst gas outlet of described after-treatment system (7) and described dryer section (2), it burns the part coal gas that produces in the described after-treatment system (7), be used for generation the dry flue gas of the drying treatment of described dryer section (2).
6. coal carbonization furnace according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, also be connected with drying duct (11) between the exhanst gas outlet of described cold flue gas pipeline (10) and described drying and burning device (5), it can mix the part cold flue gas that produces in the described dryer section (2) to regulate the temperature of drying treatment in the described dryer section (2) with described dry flue gas.
7. coal carbonization furnace according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, also be connected with destructive distillation burner (6) between the exhanst gas outlet of described after-treatment system (7) and described retort section (3), it can burn the part coal gas that produces in the described after-treatment system (7), be used for the destructive distillation flue gas that the destructive distillation of described retort section (3) is handled with generation.
8. coal carbonization furnace according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, also be connected with destructive distillation pipeline (14) between the exhanst gas outlet of the exhanst gas outlet of described after-treatment system (7) and described destructive distillation burner (6), it can mix the part coal gas that produces in the described after-treatment system (7) to regulate the temperature of the destructive distillation processing in the described retort section (3) with described destructive distillation flue gas mutually.
9. according to any described coal carbonization furnace among the claim 3-8, it is characterized in that described cooling gas is a nitrogen.
10. coal carbonization furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described coolant carrier is a water.
CN 200920222643 2009-09-15 2009-09-15 External-combustion internal-heating-type coal dry distillation furnace Expired - Fee Related CN201520746U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102585859A (en) * 2011-12-27 2012-07-18 何巨堂 Method for performing dry distillation on coal by using combustion flue gas of coal-based heavy oil
CN103897759A (en) * 2014-02-13 2014-07-02 新疆科利尔能源有限公司 External combustion and internal heating type methane generation device
CN105567266A (en) * 2016-02-03 2016-05-11 山东佳星环保科技有限公司 Efficient low-rank coal low-temperature carbonization technology
CN114322304A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-12 西安建筑科技大学 Method and device for supplying heat and carrying gas to preset combustion chamber of oxygen-enriched combustion internal heating type coal low-temperature gas retort

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102585859A (en) * 2011-12-27 2012-07-18 何巨堂 Method for performing dry distillation on coal by using combustion flue gas of coal-based heavy oil
CN103897759A (en) * 2014-02-13 2014-07-02 新疆科利尔能源有限公司 External combustion and internal heating type methane generation device
CN105567266A (en) * 2016-02-03 2016-05-11 山东佳星环保科技有限公司 Efficient low-rank coal low-temperature carbonization technology
CN114322304A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-12 西安建筑科技大学 Method and device for supplying heat and carrying gas to preset combustion chamber of oxygen-enriched combustion internal heating type coal low-temperature gas retort
CN114322304B (en) * 2021-12-31 2023-08-08 西安建筑科技大学 Method and device for supplying heat and carrying gas to preset combustion chamber of oxygen-enriched combustion internal heating type coal low-temperature carbonization furnace

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