CN101712882A - Heat exchange structure used for coal drying treatment - Google Patents
Heat exchange structure used for coal drying treatment Download PDFInfo
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- CN101712882A CN101712882A CN200910252431A CN200910252431A CN101712882A CN 101712882 A CN101712882 A CN 101712882A CN 200910252431 A CN200910252431 A CN 200910252431A CN 200910252431 A CN200910252431 A CN 200910252431A CN 101712882 A CN101712882 A CN 101712882A
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Abstract
The invention provides a heat exchange structure used for coal drying treatment, comprising a body, an air distribution pipe and an air collection umbrella, wherein the upper end of the body is suitable for the entrance of the coal blocks and the lower end thereof is suitable for the outflow of the coal blocks; the air distribution pipe is arranged in the middle of the body and is used for introducing a heat carrier; and the air collection umbrella is arranged near the upper and lower ends of the body. In the heat exchange structure of the invention, the air distribution pipe at the upper part is arranged below the air collection umbrella, namely, the flow rate of the heat carrier is opposite to that of the materials to form counter current heat exchange, thus realizing efficient heat exchange and saving energy; in the lower part, as the water content of the coal is greatly reduced and the surface temperature of the coal blocks is raised, therefore, the mode that the air distribution pipe is arranged on the upper part and the air collection umbrella is arranged in the lower part for fair current heat exchange to prevent the precipitation of volatile matters due to overhigh temperature of the coal blocks, thus protecting the volatile matters and the fixed carbon to the maximum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dry distillation of coal device, relate in particular to a kind of heat exchange structure that is used for the coal drying treatment.
Background technology
Destructive distillation is the reaction process of solid or organism thermal degradation under the secluding air condition.Pyrogenous result generates all gases, steam and solid residue.The mixture of gas and steam is divided into gas and liquid after cooling.Destructive distillation is human a kind of production process of being familiar with and adopting very early, as destructive distillation timber system charcoal, obtains another name for (methyl alcohol), wood vinegar etc. simultaneously.In the chemical process of coal, destructive distillation is an important method always.Coal is through after the destructive distillation, and the composition of raw material and state of aggregation all will change, and solid-state in the product, gaseous state and fluent meterial have, and can obtain semicoke, coal tar, virgin ammonia liquor and coke(oven)gas.
It is the industrial typical method that has adopted that Lu Qi-Si Pierre is covered this low-temperature pyrolysis method, and this method adopts gaseous heat-carrier internal heat type vertical continuous stove, and this lurgi gasifier is commonly called as three sections stoves in China, promptly comprises dryer section, retort section and cooling section three parts from top to down.Brown coal or by the coal cinder of brown coal compression moulding (particle diameter from top to bottom moves about 25～60mm), directly contacts with the burning gas adverse current and is heated.The water content of furnace roof raw material is higher, removes most of moisture in dryer section, and upstream about 250 ℃ of hot gass are chilled to 80～100 ℃.Dry back raw material is heated to about 450-500 ℃ in retort section by 600～700 ℃ of oxygen-free burning gas, and thermolysis takes place; Hot gas is chilled to about 250 ℃, and the semicoke of generation enters cooling section and cooled off by cold air.Semicoke is discharged back further water and air cooling.The volatile matter of overflowing from retort section passes through steps such as condensation, cooling, obtains tar and pyrolysis water.
The problem that above-mentioned coal carbonization furnace commonly used at present all exists is owing to adopting countercurrent flow to be difficult to guarantee that the temperature and the top air outlet temperature of floor coal meet the demands simultaneously, perhaps to cause vapour lock that the whole operating pressure of system is increased owing to bed is too thick.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the drying treatment zone of existing lurgi gasifier forms localized hyperthermia easily because the coal seam is thicker, be unfavorable for the technical problem that the destructive distillation product generates, propose a kind ofly can to avoid the generation of localized hyperthermia, well realization is than the heat exchange structure of thick seam drying treatment.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of heat exchange structure that is used for the coal drying treatment of the present invention comprises:
Body, its upper end is suitable for that coal cinder enters, the lower end is suitable for coal cinder and flows out;
Gas distribution pipe, its be arranged at described body the middle part, be used to import thermal barrier;
The gas collection umbrella, it is arranged at the upper/lower terminal near described body.
In technique scheme, described gas distribution pipe and described gas collection umbrella are provided with at least one group, and every group of identical position of described gas distribution pipe in the vertical direction height is provided with; The every group of described gas collection umbrella position that the in the vertical direction height is identical respectively that is arranged on the upper and lower end place is provided with.
In technique scheme, described gas distribution pipe and described gas collection umbrella are the metal tube of bottom-open.
In technique scheme, described metal tube cross section in the longitudinal direction is a trilateral.
In technique scheme, be provided with two groups of described gas distribution pipes and two groups of described gas collection umbrellas altogether.
In technique scheme, be provided with one group of described gas distribution pipe and described two groups of gas collection umbrellas altogether.
A kind of heat-exchange method that adopts above-mentioned heat exchange structure may further comprise the steps:
A, by feeding thermal barrier in the described inlet pipe;
B, will derive through the thermal barrier of heat exchange by the described escape pipe of the upper/lower terminal that is arranged on described body.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
Heat exchange structure of the present invention middle and upper part divides gas distribution pipe to be positioned at gas collection umbrella below, and promptly thermal barrier and material flow are opposite, form countercurrent flow, thereby realizes high efficient heat exchanging, save energy; Moisture in the bottom owing to coal reduces greatly; the surface temperature of coal cinder improves simultaneously; take so fugitive constituent is separated out in order to prevent that the coal cinder temperature is too high gas distribution pipe last gas collection umbrella down, the mode of following current heat exchange, can protect fugitive constituent and fixed carbon to greatest extent like this.
Heat exchange structure of the present invention; in order to improve rate of heating; so select higher inlet air temperature because material moisture is higher on top; and surface temperature raises to some extent because material moisture reduces greatly in the bottom, so select this moment lower inlet air temperature protection brown coal pyrolytic reaction can not take place.
Heat exchange structure of the present invention and since the gas collection umbrella below, gas can not stride across the gas collection umbrella and overflow from the bottom, the equipment that greatly reduces has improved the safe reliability of equipment to bubble-tight requirement.
Description of drawings
For the easier quilt of content of the present invention is clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure synoptic diagram of a kind of embodiment of heat exchange structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side-looking structural representation of embodiment shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the main TV structure synoptic diagram of a kind of embodiment of heat exchange structure of the present invention;
Reference numeral is expressed as: 1-gas distribution pipe, 2-gas collection umbrella, 3-body.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 and 2 has shown a kind of concrete embodiment of dry distillation of coal heat exchange structure of the present invention, and the heat exchange structure of dryer section in a kind of coal carbonization furnace comprises: body 3, and its upper end is suitable for that coal cinder enters, the lower end is suitable for coal cinder and flows out; Two groups of gas distribution pipes 1, its all be arranged at described body 3 the middle part, be used to import thermal barrier; Two groups of gas collection umbrellas 2, it is arranged at the upper/lower terminal near described body 3 respectively.Every group of identical position of described gas distribution pipe 1 in the vertical direction height is provided with; Described gas collection umbrella 2 position that the in the vertical direction height is identical respectively at every group of upper and lower end place is provided with.Described gas distribution pipe 1 and described gas collection umbrella 2 are the metal tube of bottom-open.Described metal tube cross section in the longitudinal direction is a trilateral.
Used the external combustion internally heated coal carbonization furnace of heat exchange structure of the present invention, it is followed successively by from top to bottom: preheating section, dryer section, retort section and cooling section.Described preheating section is arranged on described dryer section top, is communicated with described dryer section, is used for feed coal is carried out thermal pretreatment; Described dryer section is used for feed coal is carried out drying treatment, and obtains cold flue gas simultaneously; Described retort section is used for that the feed coal through drying treatment is carried out destructive distillation and handles, and feed coal is handled the back through destructive distillation and formed semicoke; Described cooling section is to come the semicoke of output is wherein carried out cooling process by feeding described cold flue gas, and obtains hot flue gas simultaneously.Described coal carbonization furnace also is provided with described cold flue gas conducting that described dryer section the is produced cold flue gas pipeline to described cooling section, and the described hot flue gas conducting that described cooling section is produced is to the exhaust pipe of described preheating section.The recirculation blower that is connected with on the described cold flue gas pipeline, its described cold flue gas that can make the generation in the described dryer section via the conducting of described cold flue gas pipeline to described cooling section, afterwards again via described exhaust pipe conducting to described preheating section.Described cold flue gas pipeline is connected with the emptying passage with the unwanted unnecessary described cold flue gas emptying of described cooling section.In the raw gas exit of described retort section also is connected with described retort section, feed coal is carried out producing when destructive distillation is handled the after-treatment system that raw gas removes coal tar.Between the exhanst gas outlet of described after-treatment system and described dryer section, also be connected with the drying and burning device, between the exhanst gas outlet of described cold flue gas pipeline and described drying and burning device, also be connected drying duct.Described drying and burning device burns the part coal gas that produces in the described after-treatment system, be used for the dry flue gas of the drying treatment of described dryer section with generation, and described drying duct can mix the part cold flue gas that produces in the described dryer section to regulate the temperature of drying treatment in the described dryer section with described dry flue gas.In addition, between the exhanst gas outlet of described after-treatment system and described retort section, also be connected with the destructive distillation burner, between the exhanst gas outlet of the exhanst gas outlet of described after-treatment system and described destructive distillation burner, also be connected with the destructive distillation pipeline.Described destructive distillation burner can burn the part coal gas that produces in the described after-treatment system, be used for the destructive distillation flue gas that the destructive distillation of described retort section is handled with generation, and described destructive distillation pipeline can mix the part coal gas that produces in the described after-treatment system to regulate the temperature of the destructive distillation processing in the described retort section with described destructive distillation flue gas mutually.The smoke inlet place of described drying and burning device and described destructive distillation burner also is connected with the combustion air blower fan that combustion air is provided respectively in described drying and burning device and described destructive distillation burner.
The working process of heat exchange structure of the present invention is: feed thermal barrier respectively by two groups of gas distribution pipes 1, drying treatment is carried out in the coal seam, wherein the flow velocity of one group of the top described gas distribution pipe 1 feeding thermal barrier is very fast, and the flow velocity of the thermal barrier that one group of gas distribution pipe in below 1 feeds is lower.This is in order to improve rate of heating; so select higher inlet air temperature because material moisture is higher on top; and surface temperature raises to some extent because material moisture reduces greatly in the bottom, so select this moment lower inlet air temperature protection brown coal pyrolytic reaction can not take place.Heat exchange structure of the present invention middle and upper part divides gas distribution pipe to be positioned at gas collection umbrella below, and promptly thermal barrier and material flow are opposite, form countercurrent flow, thereby realizes high efficient heat exchanging, save energy; Moisture in the bottom owing to coal reduces greatly; the surface temperature of coal cinder improves simultaneously; take so fugitive constituent is separated out in order to prevent that the coal cinder temperature is too high gas distribution pipe last gas collection umbrella down, the mode of following current heat exchange, can protect fugitive constituent and fixed carbon to greatest extent like this.In addition and since the gas collection umbrella below, gas can not stride across the gas collection umbrella and overflow from the bottom, the equipment that greatly reduces has improved the safe reliability of equipment to bubble-tight requirement.
Fig. 3 has shown another embodiment of dry distillation of coal heat exchange structure of the present invention, is that with embodiment difference illustrated in figures 1 and 2 heat exchange structure in the present embodiment is provided with one group of described gas distribution pipe 1 and described two groups of gas collection umbrellas 2 altogether.Like this, thermal barrier is fed to body 3 by this one group of unique gas distribution pipe 1, destructive distillation is carried out in the coal seam handled.Thermal barrier in described body 3 equally can to the coal seam above this group carry out countercurrent flow, to below the coal seam carry out the following current heat exchange.Prevent that the coal cinder temperature is too high and fugitive constituent is separated out, protect fugitive constituent and fixed carbon to greatest extent.
Certainly in other embodiment, the set-up mode of the gas distribution pipe in the retort section is to be provided with flexibly according to the thickness in coal seam: thicker then can the setting in coal seam organized gas distribution pipes more, the coal seam is thin then can only to be provided with one group and to get final product, and does not repeat them here.
Obviously, the foregoing description only is for example clearly is described, and is not the qualification to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give exhaustive to all embodiments.And conspicuous variation of being extended out thus or change still are among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a heat exchange structure that is used for the coal drying treatment is characterized in that, comprising:
Body (3), its upper end is suitable for that coal cinder enters, the lower end is suitable for coal cinder and flows out;
Gas distribution pipe (1), its be arranged at described body (3) the middle part, be used to import thermal barrier;
Gas collection umbrella (2), it is arranged at the upper/lower terminal near described body (3).
2. heat exchange structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described gas distribution pipe (1) and described gas collection umbrella (2) are provided with at least one group, and the position that every group of described gas distribution pipe (1) in the vertical direction height is identical is provided with; Every group of described gas collection umbrella (2) position that the in the vertical direction height is identical respectively that is arranged on the upper and lower end place is provided with.
3. heat exchange structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described gas distribution pipe (1) and described gas collection umbrella (2) are the metal tube of bottom-open.
4. heat exchange structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described metal tube cross section in the longitudinal direction is a trilateral.
5. according to the arbitrary described heat exchange structure of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, be provided with two groups of described gas distribution pipes (1) and two groups of described gas collection umbrellas (2) altogether.
6. according to the arbitrary described heat exchange structure of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, be provided with one group of described gas distribution pipe (1) and described two groups of gas collection umbrellas (2) altogether.
7. a heat-exchange method that adopts the described heat exchange structure of claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A, by feeding thermal barrier in the described inlet pipe (1);
B, will derive through the thermal barrier of heat exchange by the described escape pipe (2) of the upper/lower terminal that is arranged on described body (3).
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| CN200910252431A CN101712882A (en) | 2009-12-04 | 2009-12-04 | Heat exchange structure used for coal drying treatment |
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| CN200910252431A CN101712882A (en) | 2009-12-04 | 2009-12-04 | Heat exchange structure used for coal drying treatment |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102925179A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 北京碧瑞能科技发展有限公司 | Lignite complete cycle high-efficiency dry distillation quality improving system and method |
| CN104277855A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2015-01-14 | 上海泽玛克敏达机械设备有限公司 | Electric heating low-temperature dry distillation furnace, low-temperature dry distillation production device and semicoke production method |
| CN109751891A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-14 | 天华化工机械及自动化研究设计院有限公司 | A kind of gas cooling takes off the material cooling tower in polypropylene after VOC |
| CN113280616A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-20 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | Low-rank pulverized coal drying process and system |
| CN113280617A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-20 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | Low-order pulverized coal drying device and working method thereof |
| CN115773630A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-03-10 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | Vertical multi-section convection drying device |
-
2009
- 2009-12-04 CN CN200910252431A patent/CN101712882A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102925179A (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2013-02-13 | 北京碧瑞能科技发展有限公司 | Lignite complete cycle high-efficiency dry distillation quality improving system and method |
| CN102925179B (en) * | 2012-11-26 | 2014-04-02 | 北京碧瑞能科技发展有限公司 | Lignite complete cycle high-efficiency dry distillation quality improving system and method |
| CN104277855A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2015-01-14 | 上海泽玛克敏达机械设备有限公司 | Electric heating low-temperature dry distillation furnace, low-temperature dry distillation production device and semicoke production method |
| CN104277855B (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2017-04-12 | 上海泽玛克敏达机械设备有限公司 | Electric heating low-temperature dry distillation furnace, low-temperature dry distillation production device and semicoke production method |
| CN109751891A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-05-14 | 天华化工机械及自动化研究设计院有限公司 | A kind of gas cooling takes off the material cooling tower in polypropylene after VOC |
| CN113280616A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-20 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | Low-rank pulverized coal drying process and system |
| CN113280617A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-20 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | Low-order pulverized coal drying device and working method thereof |
| CN115773630A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-03-10 | 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 | Vertical multi-section convection drying device |
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Application publication date: 20100526 |