CN102925179B - Lignite complete cycle high-efficiency dry distillation quality improving system and method - Google Patents
Lignite complete cycle high-efficiency dry distillation quality improving system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102925179B CN102925179B CN201210487834.0A CN201210487834A CN102925179B CN 102925179 B CN102925179 B CN 102925179B CN 201210487834 A CN201210487834 A CN 201210487834A CN 102925179 B CN102925179 B CN 102925179B
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 103
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000643 oven drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a lignite complete cycle dry distillation quality improving system and method. A bottom outlet of a vertical drying furnace of the lignite complete cycle dry distillation quality improving system is connected with a spiral charging machine, the outlet of the spiral charging machine is connected with a fluidization dry distillation furnace; the bottom of the fluidization dry distillation furnace is connected with a coal gas outlet of a hot blast heater, the top of the fluidization dry distillation furnace is connected with a cyclone dust collector; the feeding hole of the fluidization dry distillation furnace is connected with the spiral charging machine, the discharge hole of fluidization dry distillation furnace is an overflow port in the side wall at the bottom, and the fluidization dry distillation furnace is connected with a gas-solid heat exchanger by virtue of a first U-shaped seal valve; the outlet of the cyclone dust collector is connected with a spray tower, the bottom of the cyclone dust collector is connected with the gas-solid heat exchanger by virtue of a second U-shaped seal valve; the discharge hole of the spray tower is connected with the feeding hole of an electrical tar precipitator, liquid at the bottom of the spray tower and liquid at the bottom of the electrical tar precipitator are converged and then are communicated into a mechanical clarification tank; and the discharge hole at the upper part of the electrical tar precipitator is connected with the feeding hole of an intercooler, and the discharge hole of the intercooler is connected with a pressurization fan. The lignite complete cycle dry distillation quality improving method provided by the invention is a direct contact heat exchange process and has the characteristics of full heat exchange and high thermal efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal processing and utilization field, relate to brown coal upgrading technology, particularly the efficient destructive distillation upgrading system of a kind of brown coal recycle to extinction and method.
Background technology
The lignite resource of China is abundant, have coal seam thick, bury shallow, production cost is lower, be convenient to the advantage of large scale mining.The method of existing brown coal upgrading is generally external heating, and upgrading efficiency is lower; The brown coal method for upgrading that has occurred on this basis synthesis by internal resistance electric melting, but the gas flow resistance of synthesis by internal resistance electric melting is large, causes thermo-efficiency lower.
Summary of the invention
The present invention causes greatly for solving the gas flow resistance existing in existing brown coal upgrading technology the problem that thermo-efficiency is lower, and then the efficient destructive distillation upgrading system of a kind of brown coal recycle to extinction and method are provided.For this reason, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A brown coal recycle to extinction destructive distillation upgrading system, comprises feed bin, vertical drying oven, self-conveyor feed, fluidization gas retort, tornado dust collector, the first U-shaped seal valve, the second U-shaped seal valve, gas-solid heat exchange device, spray column, electrical tar precipitator, inter cooler, mechanize settling pond and hotblast stove;
The inside of vertical drying oven is provided with lateral gas passages, and the top of vertical drying oven connects feed bin, and the outlet at bottom of vertical drying oven connects self-conveyor feed, and the outlet of self-conveyor feed is connected with fluidization gas retort; The lateral gas passages entrance of vertical drying oven is connected with the exhanst gas outlet of hotblast stove, and the outlet of lateral gas passages is connected with the first induced draft fan;
The bottom of fluidization gas retort is connected with the gas exit of hotblast stove, and top is connected with tornado dust collector; The opening for feed of fluidization gas retort is connected with self-conveyor feed, and the discharge port of fluidization gas retort is the overflow port of bottom sidewall, by the first U-shaped seal valve, is connected with gas-solid heat exchange device;
The outlet of tornado dust collector is connected with spray column, and the bottom of tornado dust collector is connected with gas-solid heat exchange device by the second U-shaped seal valve;
The discharge port of spray column is connected with the feeding mouth of electrical tar precipitator, after the liquid of the liquid of spray column bottom and electrical tar precipitator bottom collects, is communicated in mechanize settling pond;
The upper part discharge port of electrical tar precipitator is connected with the feeding mouth of inter cooler, and the discharge port of inter cooler connects booster fan.
A brown coal recycle to extinction destructive distillation method for upgrading, comprising:
The hot flue gas heating of introducing by the first induced draft fan in the process that raw material brown coal are moved to bottom by vertical dry furnace roof subordinate is dry, and dried brown coal are transported to the bottom of fluidization gas retort by self-conveyor feed;
Brown coal carry out quick destructive distillation after entering fluidization gas retort under high speed hot coal airflow function, obtain the coal gas containing coke powder and tar, and send through the first U-shaped seal valve, the heating gas producing in retort process flows out from top, through tornado dust collector, the coke powder carrying in heating gas is separated, through the second U-shaped seal valve, send, converging with the coke powder of sending from liquefied gas retort, enter gas-solid heat exchange device, in gas-solid heat exchange device, after cooling, as product coke powder, export;
Heating gas with tar passes into the bottom of spray column from flow out at tornado dust collector top, through spray column, purifies, and the tar that the tar of catching in electrical tar precipitator and spray column purify converges to be sent in mechanize settling pond;
The coal gas flowing out from electrical tar precipitator outlet enter inter cooler cooling again after booster fan pressurization as the burning of fuel heat supply wind furnace or feed fluidization gas retort as recycle gas.
The present invention adopts synthesis by internal resistance electric melting heat exchange; fluidization body of heater and built-in lateral gas passages are also provided simultaneously; solved the low and large problem of gas resistance to flow of thermo-efficiency; a kind of technique of direct contact heat transfer; having the advantages that heat exchange is abundant, thermo-efficiency is high, is the efficient destructive distillation method for upgrading of recycle to extinction of brown coal upgrading mass-producing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the brown coal recycle to extinction destructive distillation upgrading system that provides of the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making all other embodiment that obtain under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The specific embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of brown coal recycle to extinction destructive distillation upgrading system, as shown in Figure 1, comprise feed bin 1, vertical drying oven 2, self-conveyor feed 3, fluidization gas retort 4, the U-shaped seal valve 7 of the U-shaped seal valve 6, second of tornado dust collector 5, first, gas-solid heat exchange device 8, spray column 9, electrical tar precipitator 10, inter cooler 11, mechanize settling pond 12 and hotblast stove 13;
The inside of vertical drying oven 2 is provided with lateral gas passages, and the top of vertical drying oven 2 connects feed bin 1, and the outlet at bottom of vertical drying oven 2 connects self-conveyor feed 3, and the outlet of self-conveyor feed 3 is connected with fluidization gas retort 4; The lateral gas passages entrance of vertical drying oven 2 is connected with the exhanst gas outlet of hotblast stove 13, and the outlet of lateral gas passages is connected with the first induced draft fan 16;
The bottom of fluidization gas retort 4 is connected with the gas exit of hotblast stove 13, and top is connected with tornado dust collector 5; The opening for feed of fluidization gas retort 4 is connected with self-conveyor feed 3, and the discharge port of fluidization gas retort 4 is the overflow port of bottom sidewall, by the first U-shaped seal valve 6, is connected with gas-solid heat exchange device 8;
The outlet of tornado dust collector 5 is connected with spray column 9, and the bottom of tornado dust collector 5 is connected with gas-solid heat exchange device 8 by the second U-shaped seal valve 7;
The discharge port of spray column 9 is connected with the feeding mouth of electrical tar precipitator 10, after the liquid of the liquid of spray column 9 bottoms and electrical tar precipitator 10 bottoms collects, is communicated in mechanize settling pond 12;
The upper part discharge port of electrical tar precipitator 10 is connected with the feeding mouth of inter cooler 11, and the discharge port of inter cooler 11 connects booster fan 15.
Preferably, the structure of the lateral gas passages arranging in vertical drying oven 2 is multilayer variable cross-section metal tube crossbeam, and the cross section of single passage is equilateral triangle.
Preferably, the upper diameter of fluidization gas retort 4 is greater than lower diameter, and the diameter of zone of transition changes continuously.
Preferably, at the top of fluidization gas retort 4, be provided with for rolling over the shape for hat baffling cylinder of gear dust.
Preferably, mechanize settling pond 12 consists of thick oil sump and light oil pool, between described thick oil sump and light oil pool, by overfall dike, separate, in described light oil pool, be provided with spiral coil cooling tube, the top that the liquid in described light oil pool can pump to spray column 9 by pump 14 is used as spray liquid.
The specific embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of destructive distillation method for upgrading based on above-mentioned brown coal recycle to extinction destructive distillation upgrading system, dry, three processes of destructive distillation and purification that the method comprises: the synthesis by internal resistance electric melting that drying process all adopts gaseous heat-carrier directly to contact with material with retort process; Drying process adopts gaseous heat-carrier transverse flow; Retort process adopts the mode of fluidization destructive distillation; Detailed process comprises:
First, raw material brown coal are added in vertical drying oven 2 by the feed bin 1 of vertical dry furnace roof portion, from the top of vertical drying oven 2, be slowly displaced downwardly to bottom again, the hot flue gas heating that brown coal are attracted from hotblast stove 13 by the first induced draft fan 16 in this process is dry, and dried brown coal are transported to the bottom of fluidization gas retort 4 by self-conveyor feed 3;
Secondly, brown coal carry out quick destructive distillation after entering fluidization gas retort 4 under high speed hot coal airflow function, destructive distillation goes out the coal gas containing coke powder and tar, concentrated phase area enrichment coke powder due to fluidization gas retort 4, powder is exported from overflow port after being stacked into the height that exceeds concentrated phase area, through the first U-shaped seal valve 6, sends; The shape for hat baffling cylinder at fluidization gas retort 4 tops reduces the coke powder content in stock gas, part coke powder in heating gas falls into the concentrated phase area of fluidization gas retort 4 bottoms, heating gas flows out from the top of fluidization gas retort 4, through tornado dust collector 5, the coke powder carrying in heating gas is separated, through the second U-shaped seal valve 7, send, converging with the coke powder of sending from liquefied gas retort 4, enter gas-solid heat exchange device 8, in gas-solid heat exchange device 8, after cooling, as product coke powder, export;
Again, the heating gas with tar passes into the bottom of spray column 9,9 purifications of process spray column from flow out at tornado dust collector 5 tops; Spray column 9 top gas exits connect the gas entry of electrical tar precipitator 10, and the tar that the tar of catching in electrical tar precipitator 10 and spray column 9 purify converges to be sent in mechanize settling pond 12;
Finally, the coal gas flowing out from electrical tar precipitator 10 outlet enter inter cooler 11 cooling again through booster fan 15 pressurizations, a part used the second induced draft fan 17 to offer hotblast stove 13 burnings as fuel, part heat supply wind furnace 13 is heated rear as recycle gas infeed fluidization gas retort 4, and rest part supplies outward as product.
Brown coal, after fluidization destructive distillation and isolation of purified, can obtain coke powder, high-quality tar and three kinds of products of high heating value gas.
Preferably, in vertical drying oven 2, be provided with formula lateral gas passages, make the horizontal Uniform Flow of gaseous heat-carrier, under the prerequisite of gas and the abundant heat exchange of solid, reduced the resistance to flow of gas.
Preferably, spray column 9 circulated sprinkling media are the lightweight part (being light oil) in the self-produced tar of internal system, make system reach the free of contamination effect of recycle to extinction.
Preferably, what hotblast stove 13 burnt is the residual gas that system produces, the flue gas indirect heating circulating gas that produces, coal gas after being heated is supplied with fluidization gas retort 4 as destructive distillation thermal source, flue gas after cooling is supplied with vertical drying oven 2 as drying source, the heat of whole system is self-sufficient, and resource recycle to extinction is without waste.
Feed bin 1 adopts the mode charging of double-layer seal valve, plays the effect of sealing.
Technical scheme the present invention being proposed below by specific embodiment elaborates.
Embodiment 1:
The method of the efficient destructive distillation upgrading of a kind of powdery brown coal recycle to extinction.Powdery brown coal enter fluidization gas retort through vertical kiln dried is laggard, the heating gas temperature that fluidization gas retort furnace bottom passes into is 520 ℃, the in the situation that of isolated air, brown coal powder and heating gas carry out the fluidised abundant heat exchange of contact, the coke powder major part that destructive distillation goes out is stayed in fluidization gas retort, from overflow port, discharges.Heating gas with tar and a small amount of coke powder flows into tornado dust collector, and the coke powder of the isolated coke powder of tornado dust collector and the output of fluidization gas retort converges sends into gas-solid heat exchange device, after cooling as coke powder product.The coal gas that tornado dust collector outlet is flowed out is sent into hotblast stove through spray column, electrical tar precipitator and inter cooler rear section successively, and rest part supplies outward.Send into the coal gas in high-efficient hot air furnace, part burning, the flue gas that produces is used for heating the coal gas of another part.Hearth of hot-blast stove temperature is 900 ℃, and flue gas outflow temperature is 300 ℃, sends into vertical drying oven drying source is provided after discharge; Heated coal gas is heated to 700 ℃ from normal temperature, then sends into fluidization gas retort destructive distillation thermal source is provided.
Embodiment 2:
The method of the efficient destructive distillation upgrading of a kind of powdery brown coal recycle to extinction.Powdery brown coal enter fluidization gas retort through vertical kiln dried is laggard, the heating gas temperature that fluidization gas retort furnace bottom passes into is 550 ℃, the in the situation that of isolated air, brown coal powder and heating gas carry out the fluidised abundant heat exchange of contact, the coke powder major part that destructive distillation goes out is stayed in fluidization gas retort, from overflow port, discharges.Heating gas with tar and a small amount of coke powder flows into tornado dust collector, and the coke powder of the isolated coke powder of tornado dust collector and the output of fluidization gas retort converges sends into gas-solid heat exchange device, after cooling as coke powder product.The coal gas that tornado dust collector outlet is flowed out is sent into hotblast stove through spray column, electrical tar precipitator and inter cooler rear section successively, and rest part supplies outward.Send into the coal gas in high-efficient hot air furnace, part burning, the flue gas that produces is used for heating the coal gas of another part.Hearth of hot-blast stove temperature is 940 ℃, and flue gas outflow temperature is 330 ℃, sends into vertical drying oven drying source is provided after discharge; Heated coal gas is heated to 720 ℃ from normal temperature, then sends into fluidization gas retort destructive distillation thermal source is provided.
The technical scheme that adopts this embodiment to provide; by adopting synthesis by internal resistance electric melting heat exchange; fluidization body of heater and built-in lateral gas passages are also provided simultaneously; solved the low and large problem of gas resistance to flow of thermo-efficiency; a kind of technique of direct contact heat transfer; having the advantages that heat exchange is abundant, thermo-efficiency is high, is the efficient destructive distillation method for upgrading of recycle to extinction of brown coal upgrading mass-producing.
The above; it is only preferably embodiment of the present invention; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this; anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the embodiment of the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claim.
Claims (8)
1. a brown coal recycle to extinction destructive distillation upgrading system, comprise feed bin (1), vertical drying oven (2), self-conveyor feed (3), fluidization gas retort (4), tornado dust collector (5), the first U-shaped seal valve (6), the second U-shaped seal valve (7), gas-solid heat exchange device (8), spray column (9), electrical tar precipitator (10), inter cooler (11), mechanize settling pond (12) and hotblast stove (13), it is characterized in that:
The inside of vertical drying oven (2) is provided with lateral gas passages, the structure of described lateral gas passages is multilayer variable cross-section metal tube crossbeam, the cross section of single passage is equilateral triangle, the top of vertical drying oven (2) connects feed bin (1), the outlet at bottom of vertical drying oven (2) connects self-conveyor feed (3), and the outlet of self-conveyor feed (3) is connected with fluidization gas retort (4); The lateral gas passages entrance of vertical drying oven (2) is connected with the exhanst gas outlet of hotblast stove (13), and the outlet of lateral gas passages is connected with the first induced draft fan (16);
The bottom of fluidization gas retort (4) is connected with the gas exit of hotblast stove (13), and top is connected with tornado dust collector (5); The opening for feed of fluidization gas retort (4) is connected with self-conveyor feed (3), and the discharge port of fluidization gas retort (4) is the overflow port of bottom sidewall, by the first U-shaped seal valve (6), is connected with gas-solid heat exchange device (8);
The outlet of tornado dust collector (5) is connected with spray column (9), and the bottom of tornado dust collector (5) is connected with gas-solid heat exchange device (8) by the second U-shaped seal valve (7);
The discharge port of spray column (9) is connected with the feeding mouth of electrical tar precipitator (10), after the liquid of the liquid of spray column (9) bottom and electrical tar precipitator (10) bottom collects, is communicated in mechanize settling pond (12);
The upper part discharge port of electrical tar precipitator (10) is connected with the feeding mouth of inter cooler (11), and the discharge port of inter cooler (11) connects booster fan (15);
Mechanize settling pond (12) consists of thick oil sump and light oil pool, between described thick oil sump and light oil pool, by overfall dike, separates, and in described light oil pool, is provided with spiral coil cooling tube.
2. brown coal recycle to extinction destructive distillation upgrading system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the upper diameter of fluidization gas retort (4) is greater than bottom diameter, and the diameter of zone of transition changes continuously.
3. brown coal recycle to extinction destructive distillation upgrading system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with for rolling over the shape for hat baffling cylinder of gear dust at the top of fluidization gas retort (4).
4. a destructive distillation method for upgrading for the brown coal recycle to extinction destructive distillation upgrading system based on described in claims 1 to 3 any one, is characterized in that, comprising:
The hot flue gas heating of introducing by the first induced draft fan in the process that raw material brown coal are moved to bottom by vertical dry furnace roof subordinate is dry, and dried brown coal are transported to the bottom of fluidization gas retort by self-conveyor feed;
Brown coal carry out quick destructive distillation after entering fluidization gas retort under high speed hot coal airflow function, obtain the coal gas containing coke powder and tar, part coke powder in described coal gas is sent through the first U-shaped seal valve, the heating gas producing in retort process flows out from top, through tornado dust collector, the coke powder carrying in heating gas is separated, through the second U-shaped seal valve, send, converging with the coke powder of sending from liquefied gas retort, enter gas-solid heat exchange device, in gas-solid heat exchange device, after cooling, as product coke powder, export;
Heating gas with tar passes into the bottom of spray column from flow out at tornado dust collector top, through spray column, purifies, and the tar that the tar of catching in electrical tar precipitator and spray column purify converges to be sent in mechanize settling pond;
The coal gas flowing out from electrical tar precipitator outlet enter inter cooler cooling again after booster fan pressurization as the burning of fuel heat supply wind furnace or feed fluidization gas retort as recycle gas.
5. destructive distillation method for upgrading according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in the inside of vertical drying oven, be provided with lateral gas passages, for making the horizontal Uniform Flow of gaseous heat-carrier, under the prerequisite of gas and the abundant heat exchange of solid, reduced the resistance to flow of gas.
6. destructive distillation method for upgrading according to claim 4, is characterized in that, spray column circulated sprinkling medium is the lightweight part in the self-produced tar of internal system, for making system reach the free of contamination effect of recycle to extinction.
7. destructive distillation method for upgrading according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, Combustion of Hot Air Furnace be the residual gas that system produces, the flue gas indirect heating circulating gas that produces, coal gas after being heated is supplied with fluidization gas retort as destructive distillation thermal source, and the flue gas after cooling is supplied with vertical drying oven as drying source.
8. destructive distillation method for upgrading according to claim 4, is characterized in that, feed bin adopts the mode charging of double-layer seal valve.
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| CN103409156B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2014-10-22 | 天华化工机械及自动化研究设计院有限公司 | Heat carrier destructive distillation system for coal and method thereof |
| CN104449773B (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2017-04-19 | 辽宁科技大学 | Method and device for upgrading low-rank pulverized coal |
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| CN106590708A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-04-26 | 榆林市甲和煤炭热解技术开发有限公司 | Low-temperature pulverized coal carbonization process |
| CN106281475A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-01-04 | 新疆广汇中化能源技术开发有限公司 | Raw coke oven gas dust arrester |
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| CN110564437B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-02-09 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | System and method for improving quality of coal in front of pulverized coal furnace |
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| CN101812310A (en) * | 2010-05-06 | 2010-08-25 | 河北理工大学 | High-efficiency lignite low-temperature dry distillation quality-enhancing process by using dry distillation coal gas as heat-carrying medium |
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