CN104748125B - Pyrolysis volatile matter combustion system - Google Patents
Pyrolysis volatile matter combustion system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104748125B CN104748125B CN201510111996.8A CN201510111996A CN104748125B CN 104748125 B CN104748125 B CN 104748125B CN 201510111996 A CN201510111996 A CN 201510111996A CN 104748125 B CN104748125 B CN 104748125B
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- pyrolysis
- flue gas
- volatile matter
- furnace
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 229910002089 NOx Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000003660 Reticulum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011214 refractory ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 206010020843 Hyperthermia Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000036031 hyperthermia Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010849 combustible waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001088417 Ammodytes americanus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229940108066 Coal Tar Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atoms Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009275 open burning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000192 social effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
Abstract
The invention relates to a combustion system of volatile matter produced through pyrolysis, and stably and cleaning combustion of the volatile matter is achieved. The combustion system comprises a volatile matter condensation, temporary fuel gas storage and volatile matter insulation channel. A combustion furnace is provided with a combustor, a volatile matter and air inlet and a high-temperature flue gas channel made of temperature-resisting or high-temperature catalytic materials. Volatile matter produced by waste or biomass pyrolysis is divided into two paths, one path of volatile matter enters an air storage tank after condensation, the air storage tank is provided with a pipeline connected with the combustor of the combustion furnace, tar produced through condensation is fed back to a pyrolysis device, and the other path of volatile matter is fed into the combustion furnace through the insulation channel. The amount of the volatile matter entering the insulation channel is 3-5 times of the amount of the condensed volatile matter. The high-temperature flue gas channel radiates heat to the volatile matter in the furnace, the complete combustion and low NOx combustion of the volatile matter are guaranteed, the volume of air fed into the combustion furnace is adjusted according to the smoke temperature of an outlet, and the injection effect is formed on the volatile matter in arrangement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Waste disposal and energy field.In particular it relates to a kind of burning of pyrolysis devolatilization part
System.
Background technology
Different from combustion system, solid combustible waste includes municipal refuse, mud, industrial organic waste, garden garbage, straw
Solid combustible waste can be divided into the component that fugitive constituent and coke two parts contain energy by the pyrolysis of stalk etc., and fugitive constituent can be online
Burning provides energy, and coke can be used for special purpose.The online burning of fugitive constituent has been saved the required energy of pyrolysis and has been supplied
Should, make pyrolytic process realize certainly maintaining of energy.But the burning of fugitive constituent equally runs into NOx emission problem, additionally there are
Burn halfway problem.
Theoretical according to existing research, the NO of generation mainly has 3 kinds of approach, i.e. heating power type (Thermal-NO), burning type
And Quick-type (Prompt-NO) (Fuel-NO)；Wherein fuel type NO accounts for more than the 60%～80% of the total growing amount of NO, fuel type
NO derives from original nitrogen in waste and generates through thermal decomposition and oxidation reaction, and these nitrogens are in waste combustion process
Middle burning with fugitive constituent burning and coke respectively generates NO, and the nitrogen substance in fugitive constituent enriches, and existing research also indicates that:
NO (clock Beijing, Yang Jing, Fu Weibiao more than the NO that coke burning generates that fugitive constituent burning generates.The fugitive constituent component pair of coal
Impact, combustion science and the technology of NOx and SOx discharge, 1998,4 (4):363～368.).
In recent years, energy supply is more and more nervous, and the new energy is all found positive in countries in the world.Discarded object, living beings
Deng the energy be that a kind of important energy of China supplements.Such as China is a large agricultural country, and annual agricultural wastes yield is huge
Greatly, only rice hulls yield is just up to 54,000,000 t, substantial amounts of Open Burning Crop Residue, brings environmental pollution, causes haze sky
Gas；Reasonably develop this energy resources and there is important economic worth and far-reaching social effect.The burning of living beings
Characteristic and coal have very big difference, and early stage burning is mainly the burning of fugitive constituent, and the volatile content of general living beings is up to 80
% about；Therefore, the combustion mechanism of research fugitive constituent all has great importance to raising efficiency of combustion, reduction NOx emission.Existing
Researching and analysing of having shows, under conditions of fixed bed, the fugitive constituent ignition of living beings is controlled by diffusion（Liu Hao, Zhou Yan
Mound, Zeng Yujian, Lin Zhijie；The fugitive constituent combustion mechanism research of rice hulls, generating equipment, 1997-06,23-26）.Except living beings
Outward, also in the Land use systems of energy contained by municipal refuse, mud, industrial organic waste, garden garbage etc., pyrolysis is one
Important mode；Compared with solid direct combustion, pyrolysis divides the waste into fugitive constituent and coke, and its burning is all directly burnt clearly than waste
Clean, especially fugitive constituent is in gaseous combustion, has the precondition of cleaning burning.
Pyrolysis of coal produces fugitive constituent, is the accessory substance in order to produce coal tar, typically first condenses to obtain coal tar, and clean
Coke-stove gas afterwards can boost utilization.But the pyrolysis such as municipal refuse, mud, industrial organic waste, garden garbage, stalk are produced
Raw fugitive constituent is different from the fugitive constituent of coal, sets it is generally desirable to directly burning without condensing steps and not only can saving condensation
Standby, burning at high temperature can also save energy consumption, improves utilization efficiency of heat energy.
Different from conventional gas fuel combustion, the difficulty that fugitive constituent is especially hot, the fugitive constituent that is in high temperature exists
It is：1）The fugitive constituent dirt of existing combustible waste and biomass pyrolytic generation is in normal pressure or micro-vacuum state；It is difficult to adopt
All kinds of gas burner burns；2）Fugitive constituent usually contains the material of bigger molecule, good to the time needed for after-flame and air
Good mixing and temperature have higher requirement, but are because to burn using burner, and the problem of burning can only be by setting
Dual firing chamber and auxiliary burner solve, and waste space and valuable auxiliary fuel；3）It is in the fugitive constituent of high temperature and air is adopted
If in furnace cavity, burning does not have explosion danger in order immediately after being mixed with conventional mode；4）Pyrolysis oven generally uses volatilization
The flue gas that part burning produces, because the heating surface of pyrolysis oven has resistance, flue gas should have pressure-fired.The need of above-mentioned contradiction
Ask so that the burning of fugitive constituent and the fume afterheat of generation utilize performance difficulty.In addition above already described, the burning of fugitive constituent also has
Serious NO problem needs to avoid.
In view of the combustion of the flammable solid waste pyrolysis devolatilization part such as municipal refuse, mud, industrial organic waste, garden garbage, stalk
Burn difficult present situation, present invention proposition is efficient, economical, feasible, do not increase additional investment and operating cost, saving dispose the one of place
Plant combustion system and the combustion furnace of pyrolysis devolatilization part, can burn and be in the fugitive constituent of high temperature, tiny structure, gaseous state, and produce
There are the high-temperature flue gas of pressure-fired, the utilization beneficial to fume afterheat and the low NOx drainage of flue gas.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part.
The combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part proposed by the present invention, including pyrolysis oven, condenser 4, combustion furnace 8, combustion gas storage tank
10 and heat preservation channel 3；Described combustion furnace 8 be equiped with burner 12, air-gas mixer import 21, high temp. flue 22,
Flame partition wall 23 and furnace exit 24；Described pyrolysis oven passes through heat preservation channel 3 respectively and regulating valve 17 connects condenser 4 and combustion
Burn stove 8, the tar outlet of condenser 4 connects pyrolysis oven, and the exhanst gas outlet of combustion furnace 8 connects pyrolysis oven, and combustion furnace 8 passes through burning
Device 12 connects combustion gas storage tank 10 by gas pipeline 11；Condenser 4 passes through booster fan 9 and pipeline connects combustion gas storage tank 10；Heat
The fugitive constituent 2 that solution material 1 (waste or living beings) passes through the pyrolysis generation of pyrolysis oven is divided into two-way, and a road is through heat preservation channel
3 send into combustion furnace 8 by air ejection；Another road enters combustion gas storage tank 10 after condenser 4；The tar 5 producing at condenser 4
Send pyrolysis oven back to；The volatilization deal sending into combustion furnace 8 is 3 ~ 5 times of the volatilization deal sending into condenser 4.
In the present invention, the high temp. flue 22 in described combustion furnace 8 makes flue gas complete at least 2 backhaul combustions wherein
Burn the length of body of heater and then just discharge out of the furnace, the time of staying is more than 2 s, to ensure burning completely and the low NOx combustion of fugitive constituent.
In the present invention, inside the thorax of described combustion furnace 8, it is provided with 1 layer or 2 layers of flame partition wall 23.
In the present invention, described high temp. flue 22 is selected from Ceramic Balls filling plate, porous ceramic plate, the filling of metal wave belt
In plate, refractory concrete course, refractory ceramic fibre plate or the ceramic honey comb wall scribbling heatproof catalyst any one, Ke Yiding
Phase cleans.
In the present invention, the described air 14 sending into combustion furnace carrys out injection vaporization at high temperature part and is entered by air-gas mixer
Mouth 21 entrance burner hearths, have high-temperature flue gas pump orifice 19 and return mouth 20 inside burner hearth;Pressure and cigarette by furnace exit 24
The pressure of CO concentration comprehensive adjustment air 14 and flow in gas.
In the present invention, the air-gas mixer import 21 of the described combustion furnace 8 high-temperature flue gas suction near burner hearth
Mouth 19;Return mouth 20 connection high temp. flue 22.
In the present invention, described heat preservation channel 3 is normal pressure or tiny structure (gauge pressure -120 ~ 0 Pa), furnace exit 24
And flue gas pipeline 13 is normal pressure or pressure-fired（Gauge pressure 0 ~ 900Pa）.
In the present invention, combustion furnace 8 is externally provided with high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18, and described high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18 connects respectively
Connect high-temperature flue gas pump orifice 19 and return mouth 20.
The advance that the combustion system of the present invention has and advantage are：
1）Obtain clean gas using a small amount of fugitive constituent condensation, can light a fire after boosting, stablize and burn, be not required to outside confession
Answer auxiliary fuel；
2）Less using a small amount of fugitive constituent condensation tar content producing, it is possible to use to return pyrolysis oven this simple more
Way becomes combustion gas again；And if most or all of tar all condenses, then not only condenser is huge, and produced
Many tar, it is impossible to process by the way of directly returning pyrolysis oven, needs separately to set tar lance combustion, and lance combustion tar
Generation to NOx is also difficult to control to.
3）Substantial amounts of hot fugitive constituent enters combustion furnace 8 so that the physical sensible heat of fugitive constituent can be utilized by heat preservation channel,
Improve the thermal efficiency.
The blender of fugitive constituent and air after burned device ignition, aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 19,
Flow along furnace high-temperature exhaust gases passes 22 in the presence of flame partition wall 23, not only tortuous prolongation of course stops flue gas stream
Time, and fine with selected from Ceramic Balls filling plate, porous ceramic plate, metal wave belt filling plate, refractory concrete, refractory
Dimension plate, scribbles the contact of the temperature-resistant materials such as the ceramic honey comb of heatproof catalyst, and fugitive constituent is easy to being sufficiently mixed of combustion oxygen
Realize.And due to the dilution to flame for the high temp. flue 22, it is to avoid area of localized hyperthermia is so that the generation of NOx is pressed down
System.
Analyse burning time longer demand for adapting to fugitive constituent, so that the good combustion of fugitive constituent, composition high-temperature flue gas lead to
The temperature-resistant material temperature exceed all the time fugitive constituent ignition temperature in road 22, makes the fugitive constituent continued stable combustion having not enough time to burn.
Hydrogen, methane, the hydrocarbon containing 2 and above carbon atom and tar is usually contained in fugitive constituent.Every kind of composition
Ignition temperature and the time that burns different.Generally, the burning-point of hydrogen, methane and tar is respectively 575 DEG C, 630 DEG C, 425 ±
50 DEG C, the sustained combustion time of hydrogen and methane and temperature range shorter, finally condensable become tar fugitive constituent duration
The longest.If oxygen amount is sufficient, temperature suitable, the burning completely of tar just enables.Therefore, if occurred in combustion furnace burner hearth
Fugitive constituent imperfect combustion phenomenon, then wherein main component must be can be condensed into those components of tar and tar component because to
Hypoxgia, the carbon black being produced by thermal decomposition.The burning completely of therefore fugitive constituent needs:(a) sufficiently high temperature;B () is enough
The oxygen of amount;(c) good mixing；For the vaporization at high temperature part that can not burn using general gas burner, need to take
Special measure is sent to combustion furnace 8 makes above-mentioned burning three elements (a), (b) and (c) be met.
Fugitive constituent combustion oxygen amount needed for combustion furnace 8 can be provided by centrifugal high pressure fan, through injector or mixed
Clutch injection vaporization at high temperature part, the mixing good with fugitive constituent in this process, the outlet 19 of mixture is in combustion furnace 8
Portion, not only air --- fugitive constituent mixed effect is excellent, and allows burner hearth to assume pressure-fired.But because fugitive constituent exists
The exit of pyrolysis oven is probably often negative pressure (- 120 ~ 0 Pa), produces furnace exit iff by air 14 injection
Malleation, then need higher air pressure (being likely to be breached 50Kpa), so conventional high pressure positive blower can not meet, and adopts
Then flow is little for roots blower, high-pressure vortex blower fan, power consumption is big it is impossible to satisfaction requires.Feature for combustion furnace 8 in this present invention
It is high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18 to be set outside combustion furnace, allows high temperature near burner hearth for the air-gas mixer import 21
Flue gas pump orifice 19;And return mouth 20 connection high temp. flue 22.Pass through between high-temperature flue gas pump orifice 19 and time mouth 20
Flame partition wall separates.The blast of so high pressure positive blower is still selected between 7 ~ 20KPa.
Using a kind of combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part provided by the present invention and combustion furnace usefulness it is：
1）Solid waste and biomass pyrolytic can be enable to process the fugitive constituent producing and burn at high temperature, make use of itself
Physical sensible heat, and so that tar is burnt under gaseous state, promote with the mixed performance of air, improve heat energy utilization effect
Rate.And avoid building jumbo fugitive constituent condensing unit, and gas storage device；This reduces dangerous generation can
Can property and destructiveness.
2）Due to using the igniting of low discharge fugitive constituent, stable burning, it is to avoid using outside high-quality auxiliary fuel.With
The tar of Shi Shaoliang is returned pyrolysis oven and produces combustion gas, it is to avoid the process to tar and processing.
3）By the high temp. flue 22 of setting temperature-resistant material composition in combustion furnace, enable pyrolysis devolatilization part long-time
Burning, uniformity of temperature profile, it is to avoid unburnt occur and produce NOx in flame.
4）By air inlet arrange induction apparatus and in combustion furnace the circulation of setting high-temperature flue gas so that the waving of tiny structure
Send out the flue gas that part can produce pressure-fired after combustion, be easy to flue gas and overcome the resistance of heat-transfer area and realize heat energy utilization.
Brief description
Fig. 1 pyrolysis devolatilization part combustion system.
Fig. 2 fugitive constituent combustion furnace.
Fig. 3 fugitive constituent-air inlet induction apparatus.
1 is pyrolysis material；2 is fugitive constituent；3 is heat preservation channel；4 is condenser；5 is tar；6 is that cooling water enters；7 is cold
But water goes out；8 is combustion furnace；9 is booster fan；10 is combustion gas storage tank；11 is gas pipeline；12 is burner;13 is flue gas；14
It is air；15 is coke；16 is coke cooling storage；17 is regulating valve;18 is high-temperature flue gas circulating fan；19 is high-temperature flue gas
Pump orifice；20 are back mouth；21 is air-gas mixer import；22 is high temp. flue；23 is flame partition wall；24 are
Exhanst gas outlet；25 is heat-insulation layer；26 is maintenance door.
Specific embodiment
Further illustrate the present invention below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As illustrated, described combustion system includes the insulation of the condenser 4, combustion gas storage tank 10 and fugitive constituent of fugitive constituent 2
Passage 3；Described combustion furnace 8 is equiped with the mixing import 21 of burner 12, fugitive constituent 2 and air, the height of temperature-resistant material composition
Warm exhaust gases passes 22 and flame partition wall 23.The volatile matter 2 of waste or biomass pyrolytic generation is divided into two-way, and a road is through protecting
Warm pipeline 3 sends into combustion furnace 8 by air 14 injection；Another road enters combustion gas storage tank 10 after condenser 4；Combustion gas storage tank 10 has
Pipeline connects the burner 12 of combustion furnace 8；And the tar 5 producing at condenser 4 sends pyrolysis installation back to.The former sends into insulating tube
The volatilization deal in road 3 is the latter i.e. through 3 ~ 5 times of volatilization deal of condenser 4.
The dry base heat value that certain criticizes that city's sewage sludge yield is 50t/d is 15500KJ/kg, aqueous 80%.During pyrolysis processing,
Fugitive constituent needs the energy consumption to provide pyrolysis and drying sludge for the online burning, and the resistance of pyrolysis apparatus to the heating resistance of flue gas is
ΔP = 600 Pa.Under 550 DEG C about of pyrolysis temperature, tar is divided by the 1/4 of the fugitive constituent total amount of generation through condenser 4
From discharge, and it is transported in pyrolysis oven and contacts decomposition again with charcoal.The 3/4 of the fugitive constituent total amount producing through heat preservation channel 3, by
Induction apparatus shown in Fig. 3 sends into combustion furnace 8；The volume of combustion furnace is 2m3, length × width × height position 2.5 × 1.0 × 0.8m,
After burned device ignition, major part aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18, due to being stopped by flame partition wall 23, from return
The flue gas that mouth 20 returns（Include uncombusted combustible component）Filling warp in the high temp. flue 22 that plate forms by Ceramic Balls
Cross the flow process of 2 burning furnace length, the time of staying is more than 3s.Flue gas carries out heat friendship in high temp. flue and between Ceramic Balls
Change, Ceramic Balls keep high temperature the ignition temperature higher than fugitive constituent, make fugitive constituent realize burning completely.Nitrogen component in fugitive constituent
As NH3And the total content of HCN etc. is up to 1.15%V/V it is easy to generate NOx；Using the slow combustion in high temp. flue 22
Burn, there is no localized hyperthermia, in flue gas, the growing amount of NOx is less than 200mg/Nm3, can row up to standard after acid gas purifying
Put.Because pyrolysis oven assumes the negative pressure of -20 Pa, vaporization at high temperature part is negative pressure, and by the air ejection of 7 KPa, the amount of air is
2.65 times of hot fugitive constituent volume.There is drag losses after multiple flue flow processs, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas 13 of outlet exists
Between 840 ~ 900 DEG C, the pressure just having gone out combustion furnace is 690Pa, beneficial to follow-up heat energy utilization.
Embodiment 2
Certain municipal refuse residue after pulverizing（Plastics, big part etc. are by go-no-go）50t/d, dry base heat value is 13000KJ/
Kg, aqueous 70%, it is desirable with pyrolysis after extrusion dehydration to after 55% about and dispose.During pyrolysis processing, fugitive constituent needs online combustion
Burn to provide pyrolysis and the energy consumption being dried, the resistance of pyrolysis apparatus is Δ P=500 Pa to the heating resistance of flue gas.At 550 DEG C
Under the pyrolysis temperature of left and right, tar separation is discharged by the 1/3 of the fugitive constituent total amount of generation through condenser 4, and is transported to pyrolysis
Contact decomposition again with charcoal in stove.Through heat preservation channel 3, induction apparatus as shown in Figure 3 send for the 2/3 of the fugitive constituent total amount producing
Enter combustion furnace 8；Length × width × height position 2.63 × 1.2 × 1.1m of combustion furnace 8, after the ignition of burned device 12, big portion
Divide and aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18, due to being stopped by flame partition wall 23, from the flue gas returning mouth 20 return（Include unburned
Combustible component to the greatest extent）Through the flow process of 2 burning furnace length in the high temp. flue 22 being made up of porous ceramic plate, during stop
Between more than 3s.Flue gas carries out heat exchange in high temp. flue and between ceramic wafer, and porous ceramic plate keeps high temperature and is higher than to wave
Send out the ignition temperature of part, make fugitive constituent realize burning completely.Nitrogen component such as NH in fugitive constituent3And the total content of HCN etc. reaches
0.95%V/V is it is easy to generate NOx；Using the smoulder in high temp. flue 22, there is no localized hyperthermia, NOx in flue gas
Growing amount be less than 180mg/Nm3, can be with qualified discharge after acid gas purifying.Because pyrolysis oven assumes -30 Pa's
Negative pressure, vaporization at high temperature part is negative pressure, and by the air ejection of 15KPa, the amount of air is 2.75 times of hot fugitive constituent volume.Through excessive
There is drag losses, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas 13 of outlet, between 840 ~ 900 DEG C, has just gone out the pressure of combustion furnace after individual flue flow process
Power is 700Pa, beneficial to follow-up heat energy utilization.
Embodiment 3
The dry base heat value of certain batch of 30t/d stalk is 14500KJ/kg, has been dried, and moisture content about 8% is it is desirable to utilize heat
Solution is disposed and is obtained charcoal.During pyrolysis processing, fugitive constituent needs to burn to provide the energy consumption of pyrolysis, the resistance pair of pyrolysis apparatus online
The heating resistance of flue gas is Δ P=560 Pa.Under 500 DEG C about of pyrolysis temperature, 1/5 warp of the fugitive constituent total amount of generation
Cross condenser 4 to discharge tar separation, and be transported in pyrolysis oven and contact decomposition again with charcoal.The 4/ of the fugitive constituent total amount producing
5 send into combustion furnace 8 through heat preservation channel 3, induction apparatus as shown in Figure 3；The length × width × height position 2.6 × 1.2 of combustion furnace 8 ×
1.1m, after the ignition of burned device 12, major part is aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18, due to by flame partition wall 23
Stop, from the flue gas returning mouth 20 return（Include uncombusted combustible component）The high temperature cigarette that plate forms is being filled by metal wave belt
Through the flow process of 2 burning furnace length in gas passage 22, the time of staying is more than 3s.Flue gas in high temp. flue with metal wave
Shape interband carries out heat exchange, and metal wave belt keeps high temperature the ignition temperature higher than fugitive constituent, makes fugitive constituent realize firing completely
Burn.Nitrogen component such as NH in fugitive constituent3And the total content of HCN etc. reaches 1.07%V/V it is easy to generate NOx；Using in high-temperature flue gas
Smoulder in passage 22, does not have localized hyperthermia, and in flue gas, the growing amount of NOx is less than 190mg/Nm3, net through sour gas
Can be with qualified discharge after change.Because pyrolysis oven assumes the negative pressure of -40 Pa, vaporization at high temperature part is negative pressure, is drawn by the air of 12KPa
Penetrate, the amount of air is 2.7 times of hot fugitive constituent volume.There is drag losses, the high temperature cigarette of outlet after multiple flue flow processs
Between 840 ~ 910 DEG C, the pressure just having gone out combustion furnace is 750Pa to the temperature of gas 13, beneficial to follow-up heat energy utilization.
Embodiment 4
The dry base heat value of the industrial organic waste of a collection of 30t/d in certain city is 18800KJ/kg, aqueous 40%, containing necessarily dense
Degree heavy metal it is desirable to pyrolysis processing so as to produce charcoal can directly fill.During pyrolysis processing, fugitive constituent needs online combustion
Burn to provide the energy consumption of pyrolysis, the resistance of pyrolysis apparatus is Δ P=450 Pa to the heating resistance of flue gas.At 550 DEG C about
Under pyrolysis temperature, tar separation is discharged by the 1/4 of the fugitive constituent total amount of generation through condenser 4, and is transported in pyrolysis oven again
Secondary contact decomposition with charcoal.Burning is sent into through heat preservation channel 3, induction apparatus as shown in Figure 3 in the 3/4 of the fugitive constituent total amount producing
Stove 8；Length × width × height position 2.4 × 1.3 × 1.1m of combustion furnace 8, major part is aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18, due to quilt
Flame partition wall 23 stops, from the flue gas returning mouth 20 return（Include uncombusted combustible component）It is being made up of refractory ceramic fibre plate
High temp. flue 22 in through 2 burning furnace length flow process, the time of staying is more than 3s.Flue gas is in high temp. flue
Contacted with refractory ceramic fibre plate, the heat-insulating property of refractory ceramic fibre make flue gas keep high temperature and be higher than fugitive constituent
Fiery temperature, makes fugitive constituent realize burning completely.Nitrogen component such as NH in fugitive constituent3And the total content of HCN etc. reaches 1.51%V/V, easily
In generation NOx；Using the smoulder in high temp. flue 22, there is no localized hyperthermia, in flue gas, the growing amount of NOx is less than
200mg/Nm3, can be with qualified discharge after acid gas purifying.Because pyrolysis oven assumes the negative pressure of -60 Pa, vaporization at high temperature
Part is negative pressure, and by the air ejection of 18KPa, the amount of air is 2.8 times of hot fugitive constituent volume.Deposit after multiple flue flow processs
In drag losses, between 870 ~ 940 DEG C, the pressure just having gone out combustion furnace is 650Pa to the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas 13 of outlet,
Beneficial to follow-up heat energy utilization.
Embodiment 5
Yield 40t/d of certain city's garden garbage, dry base heat value is 15600KJ/kg, aqueous 50%.Pyrolysis processing after pulverizing
Disposed using pyrolysis and obtain charcoal.During pyrolysis processing, fugitive constituent needs to burn to provide the energy consumption of pyrolysis online, pyrolysis apparatus
Resistance is Δ P=660 Pa to the heating resistance of flue gas.Under 500 DEG C about of pyrolysis temperature, the fugitive constituent total amount of generation
1/5 through condenser 4, tar separation is discharged, and be transported in pyrolysis oven and contact decomposition again with charcoal.The fugitive constituent producing
Combustion furnace 8 is sent into through heat preservation channel 3, induction apparatus as shown in Figure 3 in the 4/5 of total amount；The length × width × height position of combustion furnace 8
2.3 × 1.2 × 0.8m, after the ignition of burned device 12, major part is aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18, due to quilt
Flame partition wall 23 stops, from the flue gas returning mouth 20 return（Include uncombusted combustible component）In the height being built into by refractory concrete
Through the flow process of 2 burning furnace length in warm exhaust gases passes 22, the time of staying is more than 3s.Flue gas in high temp. flue with resistance to
Carry out heat exchange, refractory concrete and flue gas all keep high temperature the ignition temperature higher than fugitive constituent, make to wave between fiery concrete walls
Send out part to realize burning completely.Nitrogen component such as NH in fugitive constituent3And the total content of HCN etc. reaches 1.01%V/V it is easy to generate NOx；
Using the smoulder in high temp. flue 22, there is no localized hyperthermia, in flue gas, the growing amount of NOx is less than 180mg/Nm3,
Can be with qualified discharge after acid gas purifying.Because pyrolysis oven assumes the negative pressure of -34 Pa, vaporization at high temperature part is negative pressure,
By the air ejection of 17KPa, the amount of air is 2.7 times of hot fugitive constituent volume.There is resistance to damage after multiple flue flow processs
Lose, between 840 ~ 910 DEG C, the pressure just having gone out combustion furnace is 800Pa, beneficial to follow-up for the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas 13 of outlet
Heat energy utilization.
Embodiment 6
The dry base heat value of the industrial organic waste of a collection of 50t/d in certain city is 9800KJ/kg, aqueous 30%, containing necessarily dense
Degree heavy metal it is desirable to pyrolysis processing so as to produce charcoal can directly fill.During pyrolysis processing, fugitive constituent needs online combustion
Burn to provide the energy consumption of pyrolysis, the resistance of pyrolysis apparatus is Δ P=850 Pa to the heating resistance of flue gas.At 500 DEG C about
Under pyrolysis temperature, tar separation is discharged by the 1/3 of the fugitive constituent total amount of generation through condenser 4, and is transported in pyrolysis oven again
Secondary contact decomposition with charcoal.Burning is sent into through heat preservation channel 3, induction apparatus as shown in Figure 3 in the 2/3 of the fugitive constituent total amount producing
Stove 8；Length × width × height position 2.5 × 1.2 × 1.0m of combustion furnace 8, after the ignition of burned device 12, major part is by high temperature
Flue gas recirculation blower fan 18 aspirates, due to being stopped by flame partition wall 23, from the flue gas returning mouth 20 return（Include the flammable one-tenth of uncombusted
Point）Through the stream of 2 burning furnace length in the high temp. flue 22 being made up of the ceramic honey comb wall scribbling heatproof catalyst
Journey, the time of staying is more than 3s.Flue gas and scribbles heatproof catalyst in high temp. flue 18（As the oxidation of hexa-aluminate type metal
Thing catalyst）Ceramic honey comb contacted, enable fugitive constituent be catalyzed burning.Nitrogen component such as NH in fugitive constituent3And HCN etc.
Total content reaches 2.1%V/V it is easy to generate NOx；Using the smoulder in high temp. flue 22, there is no localized hyperthermia, cigarette
In gas, the growing amount of NOx is less than 200mg/Nm3, can be with qualified discharge after acid gas purifying.Presented due to pyrolysis oven-
The negative pressure of 119 Pa, vaporization at high temperature part is negative pressure, and by the air ejection of 20KPa, the amount of air is the 2.4 of hot fugitive constituent volume
Times.There is drag losses after multiple flue flow processs, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas 13 of outlet, between 770 ~ 840 DEG C, is burnt
Flue gas pressures at outlet of still 24 are 890Pa, beneficial to follow-up heat energy utilization.
Above embodiment illustrate the present invention adoptable enforcement pattern in actual applications.But the present invention comprises any
The fugitive constituent burning producing in solid waste and biomass pyrolysis process and combustion product can carry out the process of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN.This
When the essential benefit of invention is, fugitive constituent is clean-burning simultaneously, and 1）It is avoided that the generation of NOx, 2）It is avoided that to outer secondary
The consumption of combustion-supporting material, 3）Can be beneficial to the follow-up heat energy utilization of high-temperature flue gas.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part it is characterised in that：Including pyrolysis oven, condenser (4), combustion furnace (8), combustion gas
Storage tank (10) and heat preservation channel (3)；Described combustion furnace (8) is provided with burner (12), air-gas mixer import (21), height
Warm exhaust gases passes (22), flame partition wall (23) and furnace exit (24)；Described pyrolysis oven passes through heat preservation channel (3) respectively and adjusts
Section valve (17) connects condenser (4) and combustion furnace (8), and the tar outlet of condenser (4) connects pyrolysis oven, the cigarette of combustion furnace (8)
Gas outlet connects pyrolysis oven, and equipped with burner (12) on combustion furnace (8), burner (12) connects combustion gas by gas pipeline (11)
Storage tank (10)；Condenser (4) passes through booster fan (9) and pipeline connects combustion gas storage tank (10)；Pyrolysis oven is passed through in pyrolysis material (1)
Pyrolysis produce fugitive constituent (2) be divided into two-way, a road through heat preservation channel (3) by air (14) injection send into combustion furnace (8)；
Another road enters combustion gas storage tank (10) after condenser (4)；The tar (5) that condenser (4) place produces sends pyrolysis oven back to；Send into
The volatilization deal of combustion furnace (8) is 3 ~ 5 times of the volatilization deal sending into condenser (4)；Described heat preservation channel (3) be normal pressure or
Gauge pressure -120 ~ 0 Pa, furnace exit (24) and flue gas pipeline (13) are normal pressure or gauge pressure 0 ~ 900Pa；Described combustion
It is provided with 1 layer or 2 layers of flame partition wall (23) inside the thorax burning stove (8)；Described high temp. flue (22) is selected from Ceramic Balls and fills
Plate, porous ceramic plate, metal wave belt are filled plate, refractory concrete course, refractory ceramic fibre plate or are scribbled heatproof catalysis
In the ceramic honey comb wall of agent any one；High temp. flue (22) in described combustion furnace (8) make flue gas complete wherein to
Then the length of few 2 backhaul burner blocks just discharge out of the furnace, and the time of staying is more than 2 s, to ensure the burning completely of fugitive constituent
And low NOx combustion.
2. pyrolysis devolatilization part according to claim 1 combustion system it is characterised in that：Send into the air (14) of combustion furnace
Carry out injection vaporization at high temperature part and again burner hearth is entered by air-gas mixer import (21), inside burner hearth, have high-temperature flue gas pump orifice
(19) and return mouth (20);By the pressure of furnace exit (24) and the pressure of CO concentration in flue gas comprehensive adjustment air (14)
Power and flow.
3. pyrolysis devolatilization part according to claim 1 combustion system it is characterised in that：The air of described combustion furnace (8)-
Fuel gas mixer import (21) is near the high-temperature flue gas pump orifice (19) within burner hearth;Return mouth (20) connection high-temperature flue gas to lead to
Road (22).
4. pyrolysis devolatilization part according to claim 1 combustion system it is characterised in that：Combustion furnace (8) is externally provided with high temperature
Flue gas recirculation blower fan (18), described high-temperature flue gas circulating fan (18) connects high-temperature flue gas pump orifice (19) respectively and returns mouth
(20).
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| CN105642141A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-06-08 | 吴桂香 | Mixing device for pyrolysis |
| CN107300178B (en) * | 2016-04-16 | 2020-01-31 | 袁甫新 | Environment-friendly multifunctional garbage pyrolysis device |
| CN106701127A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-05-24 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Basket type biomass-based soil conditioner preparation device |
| CN111396887B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-04-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Porous combustion regenerative cycle type biomass pyrolysis reaction system and method |
| CN111895412A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-06 | 鲁西化工集团股份有限公司煤化工一分公司 | System and process for harmless treatment and recycling of waste iron barrel |
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