CN104748125A - Pyrolysis volatile matter combustion system - Google Patents
Pyrolysis volatile matter combustion system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104748125A CN104748125A CN201510111996.8A CN201510111996A CN104748125A CN 104748125 A CN104748125 A CN 104748125A CN 201510111996 A CN201510111996 A CN 201510111996A CN 104748125 A CN104748125 A CN 104748125A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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Abstract
The invention relates to a combustion system of volatile matter produced through pyrolysis, and stably and cleaning combustion of the volatile matter is achieved. The combustion system comprises a volatile matter condensation, temporary fuel gas storage and volatile matter insulation channel. A combustion furnace is provided with a combustor, a volatile matter and air inlet and a high-temperature flue gas channel made of temperature-resisting or high-temperature catalytic materials. Volatile matter produced by waste or biomass pyrolysis is divided into two paths, one path of volatile matter enters an air storage tank after condensation, the air storage tank is provided with a pipeline connected with the combustor of the combustion furnace, tar produced through condensation is fed back to a pyrolysis device, and the other path of volatile matter is fed into the combustion furnace through the insulation channel. The amount of the volatile matter entering the insulation channel is 3-5 times of the amount of the condensed volatile matter. The high-temperature flue gas channel radiates heat to the volatile matter in the furnace, the complete combustion and low NOx combustion of the volatile matter are guaranteed, the volume of air fed into the combustion furnace is adjusted according to the smoke temperature of an outlet, and the injection effect is formed on the volatile matter in arrangement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Waste disposal and energy field.Particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part.
Background technology
Different from combustion system, solid combustible waste can be divided into the component that fugitive constituent and coke two parts contain energy by the pyrolysis that solid combustible waste comprises municipal refuse, mud, industrial organic waste, garden garbage, stalk etc., fugitive constituent can burn online provides energy, and coke may be used for special object.The energy supply needed for pyrolysis has been saved in the online burning of fugitive constituent, makes pyrolytic process realize certainly maintaining of energy.But the burning of fugitive constituent runs into NOx emission problem equally, also there is the halfway problem of burning in addition.
Theoretical according to existing research, the NO of generation mainly contains 3 kinds of approach, i.e. heating power type (Thermal-NO), burning type (Fuel-NO) and Quick-type (Prompt-NO); Wherein fuel type NO accounts for more than 60% ~ 80% of the total growing amount of NO, fuel type NO derives from original nitrogen element in refuse and generates through thermal decomposition and oxidation reaction, these nitrogen elements generate NO along with fugitive constituent burning and coke burn respectively in waste combustion process, nitrogen substance in fugitive constituent enriches, existing research also shows: the NO that fugitive constituent burning generates (clock Beijing more than the NO of coke burning generation, Yang Jing, Fu Weibiao.The impact that the fugitive constituent component of coal is discharged NOx and SOx, combustion science and technology, 1998,4 (4): 363 ~ 368.).
In recent years, energy supply is more and more nervous, and the new energy is all actively being found in countries in the world.The energy of discarded object, living beings etc. is that a kind of important energy of China supplements.Such as China is a large agricultural country, and annual agricultural wastes output is huge, and only rice hulls output is just up to 5,400 ten thousand t, a large amount of Open Burning Crop Residues, brings environmental pollution, causes haze weather; Reasonably develop these energy resources and there is important economic worth and far-reaching social effect.The combustion characteristics of living beings and coal have very large difference, the burning of the mainly fugitive constituent of burning early stage, and the volatile content of general living beings is up to about 80 %; Therefore, the combustion mechanism studying fugitive constituent all has great importance to raising efficiency of combustion, reduction NOx emission.Existing researching and analysing shows, under the condition of fixed bed, the fugitive constituent ignition of living beings controls (Liu Hao, Zhou Yanling, Zeng Yujian, Lin Zhijie by diffusion; The fugitive constituent combustion mechanism research of rice hulls, generating equipment, 1997-06,23-26).Except living beings, in the Land use systems of the energy also having municipal refuse, mud, industrial organic waste, garden garbage etc. contained, pyrolysis is an important mode; Compared with solid direct combustion, refuse is divided into fugitive constituent and coke by pyrolysis, and its all direct than refuse combustion cleaning that burns, especially fugitive constituent is in gaseous combustion, has the precondition of clean burning.
Pyrolysis of coal produces fugitive constituent, is the accessory substance in order to produce coal tar, general first condensation to obtain coal tar, and clean after coke-stove gas can to boost utilization.But the fugitive constituent that the pyrolysis such as municipal refuse, mud, industrial organic waste, garden garbage, stalk produces is different from the fugitive constituent of coal, general hope is directly burnt without condensing steps not only can save condensing plant, at high temperature burning can also save energy consumption, improves utilization efficiency of heat energy.
Different from conventional gas fuel combustion, fugitive constituent especially hot, difficulty that the fugitive constituent that is in high temperature exists is: the fugitive constituent dirt that 1) existing combustible waste and biomass pyrolytic produce is in normal pressure or micro-vacuum state; Be difficult to adopt all kinds of gas burner burns; 2) fugitive constituent is usually containing more macromolecular material, time needed for after-flame and air good to be mixed and temperature has higher requirement, but because burner can not be used to burn, the problem of burning by arranging dual firing chamber and auxiliary burner solution, can only waste space and valuable auxiliary fuel; 3) fugitive constituent being in high temperature adopts conventional mode to mix with air and has explosion danger if do not burnt in order at furnace cavity immediately afterwards; 4) pyrolysis oven generally uses the flue gas that fugitive constituent burning produces, and because the heating surface of pyrolysis oven exists resistance, flue gas should have pressure-fired.The demand of above-mentioned contradiction makes the burning of fugitive constituent and the fume afterheat of generation utilize performance difficulty.In addition already described above, the burning of fugitive constituent also has serious NO problem to need to avoid.
In view of the burning difficulty present situation of the flammable solid waste pyrolysis devolatilization parts such as municipal refuse, mud, industrial organic waste, garden garbage, stalk, the present invention proposes efficiently, economical, feasible, do not increase additional investment and operating cost, combustion system and combustion furnace that a kind of pyrolysis devolatilization part in place is disposed in saving, can burn and be in the fugitive constituent of high temperature, tiny structure, gaseous state, and produce the high-temperature flue gas with pressure-fired, be beneficial to the utilization of fume afterheat and the low NOx drainage of flue gas.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part.
The combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part that the present invention proposes, comprises pyrolysis oven, condenser 4, combustion furnace 8, combustion gas storage tank 10 and heat preservation channel 3; Described combustion furnace 8 is equiped with burner 12, air-gas mixer import 21, high temp. flue 22, flame partition wall 23 and furnace exit 24; Described pyrolysis oven is connected condenser 4 and combustion furnace 8 respectively by heat preservation channel 3 with control valve 17, the tar outlet of condenser 4 connects pyrolysis oven, the exhanst gas outlet of combustion furnace 8 connects pyrolysis oven, and combustion furnace 8 connects combustion gas storage tank 10 by burner 12 by gas pipeline 11; Condenser 4 is connected combustion gas storage tank 10 by booster fan 9 with pipeline; The fugitive constituent 2 that pyrolysis material 1 (refuse or living beings) is produced by the pyrolysis of pyrolysis oven is divided into two-way, and a road sends into combustion furnace 8 through heat preservation channel 3 by air ejection; Another road enters combustion gas storage tank 10 after condenser 4; The tar 5 that condenser 4 place produces sends pyrolysis oven back to; The volatilization deal sending into combustion furnace 8 is 3 ~ 5 times of the volatilization deal sending into condenser 4.
In the present invention, then the length that the high temp. flue 22 in described combustion furnace 8 makes flue gas complete at least 2 backhaul burner blocks wherein just discharge out of the furnace, and the time of staying is greater than 2 s, to ensure burning completely and the low NOx combustion of fugitive constituent.
In the present invention, the thorax inside of described combustion furnace 8 is provided with 1 layer or 2 layers of flame partition wall 23.
In the present invention, described high temp. flue 22 is selected from Ceramic Balls infill panel, porous ceramic plate, metal wave belt infill panel, refractory concrete course, refractory ceramic fibre plate or scribbles any one in the ceramic honey comb wall of heatproof catalyst, can regularly clean.
In the present invention, the air 14 of described feeding combustion furnace carrys out injection vaporization at high temperature part and enters burner hearth by air-gas mixer import 21 again, and there is high-temperature flue gas pump orifice 19 burner hearth inside and returns mouth 20; By the pressure of furnace exit 24 and the pressure of CO concentration in flue gas comprehensive adjustment air 14 and flow.
In the present invention, the high-temperature flue gas pump orifice 19 of air-gas mixer import 21 near burner hearth inside of described combustion furnace 8; Return mouth 20 and be communicated with high temp. flue 22.
In the present invention, described heat preservation channel 3 is normal pressure or tiny structure (gauge pressure-120 ~ 0 Pa), and furnace exit 24 and flue gas pipeline 13 are normal pressure or pressure-fired (gauge pressure 0 ~ 900Pa).
In the present invention, be provided with high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18 outside combustion furnace 8, described high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18 connects high-temperature flue gas pump orifice 19 respectively and returns mouth 20.
The advance that combustion system of the present invention has and advantage are:
1) utilize a small amount of fugitive constituent condensation to obtain clean gas, can light a fire after boosting, smooth combustion, do not need outside supplying auxiliary fuel;
2) tar content utilizing a small amount of fugitive constituent condensation fecund raw is less, can utilize to return this simple way of pyrolysis oven and again become combustion gas; And if all condensations of most or all of tar, then not only condenser is huge, and produces too much tar, can not adopt the mode process of directly returning pyrolysis oven, need separately to establish tar lance combustion, and lance combustion tar is also difficult to control to the generation of NOx.
3) a large amount of hot fugitive constituents enters combustion furnace 8 by heat preservation channel, the physical sensible heat of fugitive constituent can be utilized, improve the thermal efficiency.
The blender of fugitive constituent and air is after burned device ignition, aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 19, flow along furnace high-temperature exhaust gases passes 22 under the effect of flame partition wall 23, flue gas stream not only course complications extends the time of staying, and be selected from Ceramic Balls infill panel, porous ceramic plate, metal wave belt infill panel, refractory concrete, refractory ceramic fibre plate, scribble the temperature-resistant material contacts such as the ceramic honey comb of heatproof catalyst, fugitive constituent is easy to realize with burning fully mixing of oxygen.And due to the dilution of high temp. flue 22 pairs of flames, avoid district of localized hyperthermia, the generation of NOx is suppressed.
Analyse longer demand burning time for adapting to fugitive constituent, so that the good combustion of fugitive constituent, the temperature-resistant material temperature of composition high temp. flue 22 exceedes fugitive constituent ignition temperature all the time, makes the fugitive constituent continued stable combustion not having enough time to burn.
In fugitive constituent usually containing hydrogen, methane, containing the hydrocarbon of 2 and above carbon atom and tar.The ignition temperature of often kind of composition and burn time difference.Haply, the burning-point of hydrogen, methane and tar is respectively 575 DEG C, 630 DEG C, 425 ± 50 DEG C, the sustained combustion time of hydrogen and methane and temperature range shorter, the time that the fugitive constituent of final condensable one-tenth tar continues is the longest.If oxygen amount is sufficient, temperature is suitable, the burning completely of tar could realize.Therefore, if there is fugitive constituent imperfect combustion phenomenon in combustion furnace burner hearth, then wherein main component must be those components and the carbon black of tar component because producing to hypoxgia, decomposes that can be condensed into tar.Therefore the burning completely of fugitive constituent needs: (a) sufficiently high temperature; The oxygen of (b) q.s; (c) good mixing; Concerning the vaporization at high temperature part that can not use general gas burner to burn, combustion furnace 8 makes above-mentioned burning three elements (a), (b) and (c) is met to need to take special measure to be sent into.
Fugitive constituent burns oxygen tolerance needed for combustion furnace 8 can be provided by centrifugal high pressure fan, through injector or blender injection vaporization at high temperature part, well with fugitive constituent in this process to mix, the outlet 19 of mixture is in the inside of combustion furnace 8, not only air---fugitive constituent mixed effect is excellent, and makes burner hearth to present pressure-fired.But because fugitive constituent may be often negative pressure (-120 ~ 0 Pa) in the exit of pyrolysis oven, iff the malleation producing furnace exit by air 14 injection, then need higher air pressure (50Kpa may be reached), the high pressure positive blower of such routine can not meet, then flow is little, power consumption large to adopt roots blower, high-pressure vortex blower fan, can not meet the demands.In the present invention, the feature of combustion furnace 8 is for this reason, sets high warm flue gas recirculation blower fan 18 at combustion furnace peripheral hardware, allows air-gas mixer import 21 near the high-temperature flue gas pump orifice 19 of burner hearth inside; And time mouth 20 is communicated with high temp. flue 22.Separated by flame partition wall between high-temperature flue gas pump orifice 19 and time mouth 20.The blast of such high pressure positive blower is still selected between 7 ~ 20KPa.
The combustion system of a kind of pyrolysis devolatilization part provided by the present invention and combustion furnace usefulness is adopted to be:
1) fugitive constituent that solid waste and biomass pyrolytic process can be made to produce can at high temperature burn, and make use of the physical sensible heat of itself, and tar is burnt under gaseous state, facilitate with the mixed performance of air, improve utilization efficiency of heat energy.And avoid building jumbo fugitive constituent condensing unit, and gas storage device; This reduces possibility and the destructiveness of dangerous generation.
2) owing to adopting the igniting of low discharge fugitive constituent, smooth combustion, avoid and use outside high-quality auxiliary fuel.A small amount of tar is returned pyrolysis oven and is produced combustion gas simultaneously, avoids the treatment and processing to tar.
3) by arranging the high temp. flue 22 of temperature-resistant material composition in combustion furnace, make pyrolysis devolatilization part energy burned for long time, uniformity of temperature profile, avoids unburnt generation and produce NOx in flame.
4) by arranging induction apparatus at air inlet and arrange high-temperature flue gas circulation in combustion furnace, make the fugitive constituent of tiny structure can produce the flue gas of pressure-fired after combustion, be convenient to flue gas and overcome the resistance of heat-transfer area and realize heat energy utilization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1 pyrolysis devolatilization part combustion system.
fig. 2 fugitive constituent combustion furnace.
fig. 3 fugitive constituent-air inlet induction apparatus.
1 is pyrolysis material; 2 is fugitive constituents; 3 is heat preservation channel; 4 is condensers; 5 is tar; 6 is that cooling water enters; 7 is that cooling water goes out; 8 is combustion furnaces; 9 is booster fans; 10 is combustion gas storage tanks; 11 is gas pipelines; 12 is burners; 13 is flue gases; 14 is air; 15 is coke; 16 is that coke cooling stores; 17 is control valves; 18 is high-temperature flue gas circulating fans; 19 is high-temperature flue gas pump orifices; 20 are back mouth; 21 is air-gas mixer imports; 22 is high temp. flues; 23 is flame partition walls; 24 is exhanst gas outlets; 25 is heat-insulation layers; 26 is access doors.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further illustrated below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in the figure, described combustion system comprises the heat preservation channel 3 of the condenser 4 of fugitive constituent 2, combustion gas storage tank 10 and fugitive constituent; Described combustion furnace 8 is equiped with the mixing import 21 of burner 12, fugitive constituent 2 and air, the high temp. flue 22 of temperature-resistant material composition and flame partition wall 23.The volatile matter 2 that refuse or biomass pyrolytic produce is divided into two-way, and a road sends into combustion furnace 8 through utilidor 3 by air 14 injection; Another road enters combustion gas storage tank 10 after condenser 4; Combustion gas storage tank 10 has pipeline to connect the burner 12 of combustion furnace 8; And the tar 5 that condenser 4 place produces sends pyrolysis installation back to.The volatilization deal that namely the former send into utilidor 3 is that the latter is namely through 3 ~ 5 times of volatilization deal of condenser 4.
Certain batch city's sewage sludge output is the dry base heat value of 50t/d is 15500KJ/kg, moisture 80%.During pyrolysis processing, fugitive constituent needs to burn with the energy consumption providing pyrolysis and drying sludge online, and the add resistance to heat of resistance to flue gas of pyrolysis apparatus is Δ P=600 Pa.Under the pyrolysis temperature of about 550 DEG C, tar separation is discharged through condenser 4 by 1/4 of the fugitive constituent total amount of generation, and is transported in pyrolysis oven again to contact with charcoal and decomposes.The fugitive constituent total amount produced 3/4 through heat preservation channel 3, induction apparatus as shown in Figure 3 sends into combustion furnace 8; The volume of combustion furnace is 2m
3long × wide × high-order 2.5 × 1.0 × 0.8m, after burned device ignition, major part is aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18, owing to being stopped by flame partition wall 23, from returning the flue gas (including uncombusted combustible component) that returns of mouth 20 through the flow process of 2 combustion furnace length the high temp. flue 22 be made up of Ceramic Balls infill panel, the time of staying is more than 3s.Flue gas carries out heat exchange in high temp. flue and between Ceramic Balls, and Ceramic Balls keeps high temperature and higher than the ignition temperature of fugitive constituent, makes fugitive constituent realize burning completely.In fugitive constituent, nitrogen component is as NH
3and the total content of HCN etc. is up to 1.15%V/V, be easy to generate NOx; Adopt the smoulder in high temp. flue 22, do not have localized hyperthermia, in flue gas, the growing amount of NOx is lower than 200mg/Nm
3, can qualified discharge after acid gas purifying.Because pyrolysis oven presents the negative pressure of-20 Pa, vaporization at high temperature part is negative pressure, and by the air ejection of 7 KPa, the amount of air is 2.65 times of hot fugitive constituent volume.After multiple flue flow process, there is drag losses, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas 13 of outlet is between 840 ~ 900 DEG C, and the pressure just having gone out combustion furnace is about 690Pa, is beneficial to follow-up heat energy utilization.
Embodiment 2
Municipal refuse residue (plastics, large part etc. are by go-no-go) 50t/d after certain pulverizing, dry base heat value is 13000KJ/kg, moisture 70%, wish to utilize pyrolysis to dispose after extrusion dehydration after about 55%.During pyrolysis processing, fugitive constituent needs online burning to provide pyrolysis and dry energy consumption, and the add resistance to heat of resistance to flue gas of pyrolysis apparatus is Δ P=500 Pa.Under the pyrolysis temperature of about 550 DEG C, tar separation is discharged through condenser 4 by 1/3 of the fugitive constituent total amount of generation, and is transported in pyrolysis oven again to contact with charcoal and decomposes.The fugitive constituent total amount produced 2/3 through heat preservation channel 3, induction apparatus as shown in Figure 3 sends into combustion furnace 8; Length × wide × high-order 2.63 × 1.2 × 1.1m of combustion furnace 8, after the ignition of burned device 12, major part is aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18, owing to being stopped by flame partition wall 23, from returning the flue gas (including uncombusted combustible component) that returns of mouth 20 through the flow process of 2 combustion furnace length the high temp. flue 22 be made up of porous ceramic plate, the time of staying is more than 3s.Flue gas carries out heat exchange in high temp. flue and between ceramic wafer, and porous ceramic plate keeps high temperature and higher than the ignition temperature of fugitive constituent, makes fugitive constituent realize burning completely.In fugitive constituent, nitrogen component is as NH
3and the total content of HCN etc. reaches 0.95%V/V, be easy to generate NOx; Adopt the smoulder in high temp. flue 22, do not have localized hyperthermia, in flue gas, the growing amount of NOx is lower than 180mg/Nm
3, can qualified discharge after acid gas purifying.Because pyrolysis oven presents the negative pressure of-30 Pa, vaporization at high temperature part is negative pressure, and by the air ejection of 15KPa, the amount of air is 2.75 times of hot fugitive constituent volume.After multiple flue flow process, there is drag losses, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas 13 of outlet is between 840 ~ 900 DEG C, and the pressure just having gone out combustion furnace is about 700Pa, is beneficial to follow-up heat energy utilization.
Embodiment 3
The dry base heat value of certain batch of 30t/d stalk is 14500KJ/kg, and by mummification, moisture content about 8%, wishes that utilizing pyrolysis to dispose obtains charcoal.During pyrolysis processing, fugitive constituent needs to burn with the energy consumption providing pyrolysis online, and the add resistance to heat of resistance to flue gas of pyrolysis apparatus is Δ P=560 Pa.Under the pyrolysis temperature of about 500 DEG C, tar separation is discharged through condenser 4 by 1/5 of the fugitive constituent total amount of generation, and is transported in pyrolysis oven again to contact with charcoal and decomposes.The fugitive constituent total amount produced 4/5 through heat preservation channel 3, induction apparatus as shown in Figure 3 sends into combustion furnace 8; Length × wide × high-order 2.6 × 1.2 × 1.1m of combustion furnace 8, after the ignition of burned device 12, major part is aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18, owing to being stopped by flame partition wall 23, from returning the flue gas (including uncombusted combustible component) that returns of mouth 20 through the flow process of 2 combustion furnace length the high temp. flue 22 be made up of metal wave belt infill panel, the time of staying is more than 3s.Flue gas carries out heat exchange with metal waveform interband in high temp. flue, and metal wave belt keeps high temperature and higher than the ignition temperature of fugitive constituent, makes fugitive constituent realize burning completely.In fugitive constituent, nitrogen component is as NH
3and the total content of HCN etc. reaches 1.07%V/V, be easy to generate NOx; Adopt the smoulder in high temp. flue 22, do not have localized hyperthermia, in flue gas, the growing amount of NOx is lower than 190mg/Nm
3, can qualified discharge after acid gas purifying.Because pyrolysis oven presents the negative pressure of-40 Pa, vaporization at high temperature part is negative pressure, and by the air ejection of 12KPa, the amount of air is 2.7 times of hot fugitive constituent volume.After multiple flue flow process, there is drag losses, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas 13 of outlet is between 840 ~ 910 DEG C, and the pressure just having gone out combustion furnace is about 750Pa, is beneficial to follow-up heat energy utilization.
Embodiment 4
The dry base heat value of the industrial organic waste of a collection of 30t/d in certain city is 18800KJ/kg, moisture 40%, containing certain density heavy metal, wish by pyrolysis processing so that the charcoal produced can direct landfill.During pyrolysis processing, fugitive constituent needs to burn with the energy consumption providing pyrolysis online, and the add resistance to heat of resistance to flue gas of pyrolysis apparatus is Δ P=450 Pa.Under the pyrolysis temperature of about 550 DEG C, tar separation is discharged through condenser 4 by 1/4 of the fugitive constituent total amount of generation, and is transported in pyrolysis oven again to contact with charcoal and decomposes.The fugitive constituent total amount produced 3/4 through heat preservation channel 3, induction apparatus as shown in Figure 3 sends into combustion furnace 8; Length × wide × high-order 2.4 × 1.3 × 1.1m of combustion furnace 8, major part is aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18, owing to being stopped by flame partition wall 23, from returning the flue gas (including uncombusted combustible component) that returns of mouth 20 through the flow process of 2 combustion furnace length the high temp. flue 22 be made up of refractory ceramic fibre plate, the time of staying is more than 3s.Flue gas contacts with refractory ceramic fibre plate in high temp. flue, and the heat-insulating property of refractory ceramic fibre makes flue gas keep high temperature and higher than the ignition temperature of fugitive constituent, makes fugitive constituent realize burning completely.In fugitive constituent, nitrogen component is as NH
3and the total content of HCN etc. reaches 1.51%V/V, be easy to generate NOx; Adopt the smoulder in high temp. flue 22, do not have localized hyperthermia, in flue gas, the growing amount of NOx is lower than 200mg/Nm
3, can qualified discharge after acid gas purifying.Because pyrolysis oven presents the negative pressure of-60 Pa, vaporization at high temperature part is negative pressure, and by the air ejection of 18KPa, the amount of air is 2.8 times of hot fugitive constituent volume.After multiple flue flow process, there is drag losses, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas 13 of outlet is between 870 ~ 940 DEG C, and the pressure just having gone out combustion furnace is about 650Pa, is beneficial to follow-up heat energy utilization.
Embodiment 5
The output 40t/d of certain city's garden garbage, dry base heat value is 15600KJ/kg, moisture 50%.After pulverizing, pyrolysis processing utilizes pyrolysis to dispose and obtains charcoal.During pyrolysis processing, fugitive constituent needs to burn with the energy consumption providing pyrolysis online, and the add resistance to heat of resistance to flue gas of pyrolysis apparatus is Δ P=660 Pa.Under the pyrolysis temperature of about 500 DEG C, tar separation is discharged through condenser 4 by 1/5 of the fugitive constituent total amount of generation, and is transported in pyrolysis oven again to contact with charcoal and decomposes.The fugitive constituent total amount produced 4/5 through heat preservation channel 3, induction apparatus as shown in Figure 3 sends into combustion furnace 8; Length × wide × high-order 2.3 × 1.2 × 0.8m of combustion furnace 8, after the ignition of burned device 12, major part is aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18, owing to being stopped by flame partition wall 23, from returning the flue gas (including uncombusted combustible component) that returns of mouth 20 through the flow process of 2 combustion furnace length the high temp. flue 22 be built into by refractory concrete, the time of staying is more than 3s.Flue gas carries out heat exchange in high temp. flue and between refractory concrete cob wall, and refractory concrete and flue gas all keep high temperature and higher than the ignition temperature of fugitive constituent, make fugitive constituent realize burning completely.In fugitive constituent, nitrogen component is as NH
3and the total content of HCN etc. reaches 1.01%V/V, be easy to generate NOx; Adopt the smoulder in high temp. flue 22, do not have localized hyperthermia, in flue gas, the growing amount of NOx is lower than 180mg/Nm
3, can qualified discharge after acid gas purifying.Because pyrolysis oven presents the negative pressure of-34 Pa, vaporization at high temperature part is negative pressure, and by the air ejection of 17KPa, the amount of air is 2.7 times of hot fugitive constituent volume.After multiple flue flow process, there is drag losses, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas 13 of outlet is between 840 ~ 910 DEG C, and the pressure just having gone out combustion furnace is about 800Pa, is beneficial to follow-up heat energy utilization.
Embodiment 6
The dry base heat value of the industrial organic waste of a collection of 50t/d in certain city is 9800KJ/kg, moisture 30%, containing certain density heavy metal, wish by pyrolysis processing so that the charcoal produced can direct landfill.During pyrolysis processing, fugitive constituent needs to burn with the energy consumption providing pyrolysis online, and the add resistance to heat of resistance to flue gas of pyrolysis apparatus is Δ P=850 Pa.Under the pyrolysis temperature of about 500 DEG C, tar separation is discharged through condenser 4 by 1/3 of the fugitive constituent total amount of generation, and is transported in pyrolysis oven again to contact with charcoal and decomposes.The fugitive constituent total amount produced 2/3 through heat preservation channel 3, induction apparatus as shown in Figure 3 sends into combustion furnace 8; Length × wide × high-order 2.5 × 1.2 × 1.0m of combustion furnace 8, after the ignition of burned device 12, major part is aspirated by high-temperature flue gas circulating fan 18, owing to being stopped by flame partition wall 23, from returning the flue gas (including uncombusted combustible component) that returns of mouth 20 through the flow process of 2 combustion furnace length the high temp. flue 22 be made up of the ceramic honey comb wall scribbling heatproof catalyst, the time of staying is more than 3s.Flue gas contacts with the ceramic honey comb scribbling heatproof catalyst (as hexa-aluminate type metal oxide catalyst) in high temp. flue 18, makes fugitive constituent energy catalytic combustion.In fugitive constituent, nitrogen component is as NH
3and the total content of HCN etc. reaches 2.1%V/V, be easy to generate NOx; Adopt the smoulder in high temp. flue 22, do not have localized hyperthermia, in flue gas, the growing amount of NOx is lower than 200mg/Nm
3, can qualified discharge after acid gas purifying.Because pyrolysis oven presents the negative pressure of-119 Pa, vaporization at high temperature part is negative pressure, and by the air ejection of 20KPa, the amount of air is 2.4 times of hot fugitive constituent volume.After multiple flue flow process, there is drag losses, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas 13 of outlet is between 770 ~ 840 DEG C, and the flue gas pressures at furnace exit 24 place is about 890Pa, is beneficial to follow-up heat energy utilization.
Above embodiment illustrate the present invention's adoptable Implementation Modes in actual applications.But the present invention comprises the fugitive constituent burning that produces in any solid waste and biomass pyrolysis process and combustion product can carry out the process of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN.The while that when essential benefit of the present invention is, fugitive constituent being clean-burning, 1) generation of NOx can be avoided, 2) can avoid to outside auxiliary fuel consumption, 3) the follow-up heat energy utilization of high-temperature flue gas can be beneficial to.
Claims (8)
1. the combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part, is characterized in that: comprise pyrolysis oven, condenser (4), combustion furnace (8), combustion gas storage tank (10) and heat preservation channel (3); Described combustion furnace (8) is provided with burner (12), air-gas mixer import (21), high temp. flue (22), flame partition wall (23) and furnace exit (24); Described pyrolysis oven is connected condenser (4) and combustion furnace (8) respectively by heat preservation channel (3) with control valve (17), the tar outlet of condenser (4) connects pyrolysis oven, the exhanst gas outlet of combustion furnace (8) connects pyrolysis oven, combustion furnace (8) is equipped with burner (12), burner (12) connects combustion gas storage tank (10) by gas pipeline (11); Condenser (4) is connected combustion gas storage tank (10) by booster fan (9) with pipeline; The fugitive constituent (2) that pyrolysis material (1) is produced by the pyrolysis of pyrolysis oven is divided into two-way, and a road sends into combustion furnace (8) through heat preservation channel (3) by air (14) injection; Another road enters combustion gas storage tank (10) after condenser (4); The tar (5) that condenser (4) place produces sends pyrolysis oven back to; The volatilization deal sending into combustion furnace (8) is 3 ~ 5 times of the volatilization deal sending into condenser (4).
2. the combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: then the length that the high temp. flue (22) in described combustion furnace (8) makes flue gas complete at least 2 backhaul burner blocks wherein just discharge out of the furnace, the time of staying is greater than 2 s, to ensure burning completely and the low NOx combustion of fugitive constituent.
3. the combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thorax inside of described combustion furnace (8) is provided with 1 layer or 2 layers of flame partition wall (23).
4. the combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described high temp. flue (22) is selected from Ceramic Balls infill panel, porous ceramic plate, metal wave belt infill panel, refractory concrete course, refractory ceramic fibre plate or scribbles any one in the ceramic honey comb wall of heatproof catalyst.
5. the combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: the air (14) of described feeding combustion furnace carrys out injection vaporization at high temperature part and enters burner hearth by air-gas mixer import (21) again, there is high-temperature flue gas pump orifice (19) burner hearth inside and returns mouth (20); By the pressure of furnace exit (24) and the pressure of CO concentration in flue gas comprehensive adjustment air (14) and flow.
6. the combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the high-temperature flue gas pump orifice (19) of air-gas mixer import (21) near burner hearth inside of described combustion furnace (8); Return mouth (20) and be communicated with high temp. flue (22).
7. the combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described heat preservation channel (3) is normal pressure or tiny structure (gauge pressure-120 ~ 0 Pa), and furnace exit (24) and flue gas pipeline (13) are normal pressure or pressure-fired (gauge pressure 0 ~ 900Pa).
8. the combustion system of pyrolysis devolatilization part according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with high-temperature flue gas circulating fan (18) outside combustion furnace (8), described high-temperature flue gas circulating fan (18) connects high-temperature flue gas pump orifice (19) respectively and returns mouth (20).
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