WO2012022058A1

WO2012022058A1 - Decomposition equipment with single burner for coal substance

Info

Publication number: WO2012022058A1
Application number: PCT/CN2010/077016
Authority: WO
Inventors: 朱书成; 王希彬; 黄祥云; 曹国超; 刘伟
Original assignee: 西峡龙成特种材料有限公司
Priority date: 2010-08-16
Filing date: 2010-09-16
Publication date: 2012-02-23
Also published as: CN101985557B; CN101985557A

Abstract

A decomposition equipment with single burner for coal substance is disclosed. Coal powder left after lump coal having been picked by coal mining enterprises is used as the raw material of the decomposition equipment. After flowing into the decomposition equipment through an inlet, the coal powder significantly absorbs the heat created in the decomposition equipment, and constantly decomposes to obtain the relatively purified gas, coal tar and coal of higher heat-value. The relatively purified gas and tar gas flow into a collection device for dedusting, separating, and liquefying by pressurizing, and then are stored. The coal of higher heat-value flows out from an outlet and is stored. The decomposition equipment enables the coal substance to be decomposed and be separated quickly and efficiently, fully saves and utilizes energy, greatly improves the utilization ratio and utilization level of coal resource.

Description

Coal material single burner decomposition equipment

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of coal materials, energy saving and emission reduction, and particularly relates to a decomposition device of coal material single burner.

Background technique

In the well-known technology, there are coal-based gas, coal-based natural gas, coal, high-temperature, medium-temperature, low-temperature coking, gas production, but the above process is not a coal lumps, it is Screening of block materials, raw material costs increase, or the gas heat value produced is not high, the added value is not large, economic and social benefits are not significant. The heating method of the furnace can be divided into external heating type, internal heat type and internal heat external heat mixing type. The heating medium of the external heat furnace is not in direct contact with the raw material, and the heat is introduced from the furnace wall; the heating medium of the internal heat furnace is in direct contact with the raw material, and there are two kinds of solid heat carrier method and gas heat carrier method depending on the heating medium.

The internal heat gas heat carrier method is a typical method that has been employed in the industry. The method adopts a gas heat carrier internal heat vertical continuous furnace, that is, a drying section from top to bottom, The decomposition section and the cooling section are three parts. Low temperature decomposition of coal Lignite or a block made of lignite (about 25 to 60 mm) moves from top to bottom and is in direct contact with the combustion gas in direct contact with heat. When the water content of the top material is about 15%, the moisture is removed in the drying section. Below 1.0%, the hot gas of about 250 ° C upstream to the upstream is cooled to 80 to 100 ° C. After drying, the raw materials are decomposed The section is heated to about 500 ° C by a combustion gas containing no oxygen at 600 to 700 ° C to cause thermal decomposition; the hot gas is cooled to about 250 ° C, and the generated semi-coke enters the cooling section and is cooled by the cold gas. After the semi-coke is discharged, it is further cooled with water and air. From The volatiles escaping from the decomposition section are subjected to condensation, cooling and the like to obtain tar and pyrolysis water. Such furnaces have been built in Germany, the United States, the Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, New Zealand and Japan.

The internal heat solid heat carrier method is a typical method for the internal heat of a solid heat carrier. The raw materials are lignite, non-cohesive coal, weakly cohesive coal and oil shale. In the 1950s, an intermediate test unit with a capacity of 10 t/h of coal was built in Dorsten, the Federal Republic of Germany. The heat carrier used was solid particles (small ceramic balls, sand or semi-coke). Since the process product gas does not contain exhaust gas, the equipment of the aftertreatment system is small in size, and the gas heat value is high, up to 20.5 to 40.6 MJ/m ³ . This method has a large processing capacity due to large temperature difference, small particle size and extremely fast heat transfer. When the obtained liquid products are large and the high volatile coal is processed, the yield can reach 30%. The LR process process coal low temperature decomposition is to firstly mix the preliminary preheated small piece of raw coal with the hot semi-coke from the separator in the mixer to cause thermal decomposition. Then it falls into the buffer and stays for a certain time to complete the thermal decomposition. The semi-coke coming out of the buffer enters the bottom of the riser and is pumped by hot air. At the same time, the residual carbon in the riser is burned to raise the temperature, and then enters the separator for gas-solid separation. The semi-focus is returned to the mixer and cycled. The volatile matter escaping from the mixer is dedusted, condensed and cooled, and the oil is recovered to obtain a gas having a higher calorific value.

technical problem

At present, there are mainly two kinds of commonly used coal decomposition equipments, one is a shaft kiln structure, which burns flue gas and flammable gas generated by coal, so that the purity of the combustible gas is low, the added value is low, and some are discharged, resulting in A lot of waste of resources and environmental pollution. Another type of shaft kiln is a coal block placed on a perforated partition. There is a heater above the coal block. Because the coal block on the partition has a certain thickness, it cannot be uniformly heated and decomposed, and the decomposed gas is needed. Circulating heating, decomposition, and more importantly, because of the large amount of circulating vent holes on the coal separator, coal powder will leak from the vent hole, so the coal powder needs to be processed into coal mass when it needs to enter the shaft kiln. Therefore, pulverized coal cannot be directly used for kiln separation, which increases the cost of pulverized coal decomposition and reduces economic benefits.

Technical solution

The invention solves the problems existing in the above-mentioned processes and methods, and proposes a coal material single burner decomposition device capable of directly separating coal materials, improving the comprehensive utilization value thereof, energy saving and emission reduction, thereby improving economic and social benefits.

A coal material single burner decomposition device comprises a horizontally disposed sealed rotary kiln body, the rotary kiln body comprises a feed port and a discharge port, and a rotary burner is arranged in the rotary kiln body in the direction of the kiln body. The burner comprises a gas inlet pipe, an outer air inlet pipe extending from the rotary kiln, a mixed combustion chamber, an igniter, and a dense heat pipe. The gas inlet pipe and the air intake pipe are arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the rotary kiln body. One side of the mixing combustion chamber communicates with the close-dissipating heat pipe, and the other side is in communication with the gas inlet pipe and the air intake pipe. The igniter is disposed in the mixing combustion chamber, and the burner and the inner wall of the rotary kiln The formed cavity is a coal material propulsion separation channel, and the coal material propulsion separation channel is connected with the feed port and the discharge port, and the gas, coke oil and gas separated by the coal is disposed at the end of the feed port of the rotary kiln body. a collecting pipe, the gas and coke oil collecting pipe separated by the coal is connected with the coal material propelling separation channel, and the other end is connected with a gas dust removing liquefaction mechanism, and the close-dissipating heat pipe and the flame gas sink The headers are connected, and the flame collecting tubes extend outside the rotary kiln.

A close-packed heat-absorbing air intake duct and an air distribution chamber are disposed between the air intake pipe and the mixing combustion chamber, and the close-packed heat-absorbing air intake duct communicates with an air distribution chamber, and the air distribution chamber and the air intake duct Connected.

A pulverized coal lifting propulsion mechanism is disposed on the inner wall of the rotary kiln.

The pulverized coal lifting propulsion mechanism is a plurality of lifting plates disposed on the inner wall of the rotary kiln.

A pipe support mechanism is arranged between the close-dissipating heat pipe, the gas inlet pipe, the close-packing heat-absorbing air inlet pipe and the inner wall of the rotary kiln.

The inner wall of the rotary kiln is provided with an insulation layer to reduce heat loss in the kiln.

The flame gas collecting tube is connected to the pulverized coal drying preheating mechanism at one end of the heat collecting tube.

Beneficial effect

Since the present invention changes the conventional vertical decomposition kiln form into a horizontal horizontal closed rotary kiln body, the gas intake pipe and the air intake pipe in the burner of the rotary kiln bring air and gas into the mixed combustion chamber, and the igniter ignites the mixed gas. The combusted flame gas continuously enters the dense discharge heat pipe, and a large amount of heat generated is transmitted through the dense heat dissipation pipe wall and radiated to the coal powder in the cavity formed between the burner and the inner wall of the rotary kiln, The coal powder placed on the inner wall of the rotary kiln raises the coal material raised by the propulsion mechanism to be fully absorbed, and the coal material is heated and decomposed, and is decomposed into coal, coke oil and gas with high calorific value in the coal material propulsion separation channel. The coke oil and gas are connected by the coal separation gas, the coke oil and gas collection pipe and the gas dust removal liquefaction mechanism outside the rotary kiln, and the decomposed gas and coke oil and gas are collected, dedusted, separated, pressurized and liquefied. The air intake pipe comprises a close-packed intake air intake duct and an air distribution chamber, and the dense exhaust heat intake duct is arranged to fully absorb the heat in the high-temperature decomposed coal material, and on the other hand, fully utilizes the heat energy generated by the system, The temperature of the decomposed coal material is gradually lowered, and finally it is convenient for storage and utilization. A pipe support mechanism is arranged between the dense exhaust heat pipe, the gas inlet pipe, the air intake pipe and the inner wall of the rotary kiln to further improve the reliability and stability of the combination between the burner and the rotary kiln; The flame gas collecting tube is connected to the pulverized coal drying preheating mechanism at one end of the heat collecting tube, so that a large amount of heat energy remaining in the flame gas after passing through the flame collecting tube is pre-absorbed and heated by the coal material to heat up, thereby improving energy. The utilization rate also greatly increases the temperature of the coal material before entering the rotary kiln body, reduces the water content of the coal material, and rapidly and efficiently decomposes and separates the coal material, fully conserves and utilizes energy, and greatly improves the coal resources. The utilization rate and utilization level will bring a lot of economic and social benefits to the whole society.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2: a coal material single burner decomposition equipment, including a horizontally arranged sealed rotary kiln body 1 The rotary kiln body 1 includes a feed port 2 and a discharge port 3, and a burner is arranged in the rotary kiln body 1 in the direction of the kiln body, the burner is composed of a gas inlet pipe 4 and an air intake pipe 5 The mixed combustion chamber 7 , the igniter 8 , and the dense heat dissipation pipe 6 are composed of the gas inlet pipe 4 and the air intake pipe 5 disposed in parallel along the axial direction of the rotary kiln body 1 , and the air intake pipe 5 Extending out of the rotary kiln, the mixed combustion chamber 7 is connected to the close-dissipating heat pipe 6 on one side, and is connected to the gas inlet pipe 4 and the air intake pipe 5 on the other side, and the igniter 8 is disposed in the mixing combustion chamber 7 The cavity formed between the burner and the inner wall of the rotary kiln 1 is a coal material propulsion separation passage 9 communicating with the feed port 2 and the discharge port 3, Rotary kiln body 1 The upper feed port 2 is provided with a gas and coke oil and gas collection pipe 10 extending outside the rotary kiln body 1, and the coal separation gas, coke oil and gas collection pipe 10 and the coal material propulsion separation passage 9 The other end is connected to the gas dust removing liquefaction mechanism 11 which communicates with the flame gas collecting pipe 12, and the flame gas collecting pipe 12 extends out of the rotary kiln 1. Rotary kiln body 1 The gas inlet pipe 4 and the air intake pipe 5 in the inner burner bring the air and the gas into the mixed combustion chamber 7 , the igniter 8 ignites the mixed gas, and the combusted flame gas source continuously enters the dense heat pipe 6 The generated large amount of heat is transmitted through the wall of the dense heat-dissipating tube 6 and radiated to the coal powder in the cavity formed between the burner and the inner wall of the rotary kiln body 1, and is raised by the coal powder disposed on the inner wall of the rotary kiln body 1. Propulsion mechanism 13 The raised coal powder is fully absorbed, and the pulverized coal is heated and decomposed, and is decomposed into gas, coke oil and high calorific value coal in the coal material propulsion separation channel 9, and the gas and coke oil and gas are separated by the coal to separate the gas and coke oil and gas collection pipes. 10 It is connected to the gas dust removal liquefaction mechanism 11 outside the rotary kiln, and collects, dedusts, separates, pressurizes and liquefies the decomposed gas and coke.

A close-packed intake air intake duct 15 and an air distribution chamber 14 are disposed between the air intake duct 5 and the mixing combustion chamber 7. The close-packed intake air intake duct 15 is in communication with an air distribution chamber 14 that communicates with the air intake duct 5. Close-packed intake air intake duct 15 The setting is convenient to fully absorb the heat in the high-temperature coal powder, on the one hand, the thermal energy generated by the system is fully utilized, and the temperature of the coal powder is gradually lowered, and finally the storage and utilization are facilitated.

A pulverized coal lifting propulsion mechanism 13 is disposed on the inner wall of the rotary kiln body 1, and is disposed in a large amount on the inner wall of the rotary kiln 1 On the one hand, the lifting plate pushes the pulverized coal forward movement, on the other hand, the coal powder is turned over and raised more evenly, and it is cheaper to absorb a large amount of heat.

A pipe supporting mechanism is disposed between the close-dissipating heat pipe 6, the gas inlet pipe 4, the air intake pipe 5 and the inner wall of the rotary kiln body 16 Further improve the reliability and stability of the combination between the burner and the rotary kiln.

The flame gas collecting pipe 12 is away from the end of the close-packing heat pipe 6 through the pipe 17 and the pulverized coal drying preheating mechanism 18 The connection ensures that a large amount of thermal energy in the flame gas after passing through the flame collecting tube 12 is pre-absorbed and dried by the pulverized coal, thereby improving the utilization rate of the energy, and also greatly increasing the temperature of the pulverized coal before entering the rotary kiln body 1. .

An insulating layer is disposed on the inner wall of the rotary kiln body 1.

Embodiments of the invention

An insulating layer is disposed on the inner wall of the rotary kiln body 1.

Claims

A coal material single burner decomposition device comprises a horizontally disposed sealed rotary kiln body, the rotary kiln body comprising a feed port and a discharge port, wherein: the rotary kiln body is arranged in the direction of the kiln body a burner comprising a gas inlet pipe, an outer air inlet pipe extending from the rotary kiln, a mixed combustion chamber, an igniter, and a dense heat pipe, wherein the gas inlet pipe and the air intake pipe are along an axis direction of the rotary kiln body Parallelly disposed, the mixed combustion chamber side communicates with the close-dissipating heat pipe, and the other side is in communication with the gas inlet pipe and the air intake pipe, and the igniter is disposed in the mixing combustion chamber, the burner and the rotary kiln The cavity formed between the inner wall is a coal material propulsion separation passage, and the coal material propulsion separation passage is in communication with the feed port and the discharge port, and the end of the feed port of the rotary kiln body is disposed to extend out of the rotary kiln In vitro coal separation gas, coke oil and gas collection pipe, the coal separation gas, coke oil and gas collection pipe is connected with the coal material propulsion separation channel, and the other end is connected with the gas dust removal liquefaction mechanism The dense exhaust heat pipe is connected to the flame gas collecting pipe, and the flame gas collecting pipe extends outside the rotary kiln.
Claims 1 The coal material single burner decomposition device is characterized in that: a dense exhaust heat intake duct and an air distribution chamber are arranged between the air intake pipe and the mixed combustion chamber, and the mixed combustion chamber and the dense exhaust heat sink The trachea is in communication, the close-packed heat-absorbing intake duct is in communication with an air distribution chamber, and the air distribution chamber is in communication with the air intake duct.
According to claim 1 or 2 The coal material single burner decomposition device is characterized in that: a coal powder lifting propulsion mechanism is arranged on the inner wall of the rotary kiln.
Claims 3 The coal material single burner decomposition device is characterized in that: the coal powder lifting propulsion mechanism is a plurality of lifting plates disposed on the inner wall of the rotary kiln.
Claims 3 The coal material single burner decomposition device is characterized in that: a pipe support mechanism is arranged between the close-dissipating heat pipe, the gas inlet pipe, the dense exhaust heat intake pipe and the inner wall of the rotary kiln.
According to claim 1 or 2 The coal material single burner decomposition device is characterized in that: the inner wall of the rotary kiln is provided with a heat insulating material.
The coal material single burner decomposition apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the inner wall of the rotary kiln is provided with a heat insulating material.
Claim 6 The coal material single burner decomposition device is characterized in that: the flame gas collection tube is connected to the pulverized coal drying preheating mechanism at an end away from the dense heat dissipation tube.
Claim 7 The coal material single burner decomposition device is characterized in that: the flame gas collection tube is connected to the pulverized coal drying preheating mechanism at an end away from the dense heat dissipation tube.