CN102899059A - Apparatus and method for manufacturing synthetic gas by using biomass - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for manufacturing synthetic gas by using biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN102899059A CN102899059A CN2012103433458A CN201210343345A CN102899059A CN 102899059 A CN102899059 A CN 102899059A CN 2012103433458 A CN2012103433458 A CN 2012103433458A CN 201210343345 A CN201210343345 A CN 201210343345A CN 102899059 A CN102899059 A CN 102899059A
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- pyrolyzer
- biomass
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- roasting kiln
- synthetic gas
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
An apparatus and a method for manufacturing synthetic gas by using biomass. The apparatus comprises a combustion furnace and a cracking furnace, wherein at least part of the furnace wall of the combustion furnace is arranged in the cracking furnace, or the combustion furnace and the cracking furnace share part of the furnace wall; the combustion furnace and the cracking furnace are relatively independent; a gas pipe, a vent pipe and an ignition device are all inserted into the combustion furnace; the cracking furnace is provided with a feeding port, and a sealed gate and a gas collecting pipe arranged at the feeding port; and one end of the gas collecting pipe is inserted into the cracking furnace. The apparatus for manufacturing the synthetic gas by using the biomass is high in conversion rate; does not generate tar, dioxin and other harmful gases; and is high in temperature and oxygen insulated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas making device, particularly a kind of device and method of biomass-making synthetic gas.
Background technology
Carbon massfraction in the plant biomass (comprising sawdust, firewood, weeds, pine needle leaf, crop material, cattle and sheep animal manure, edible fungi residues) is about 40%, is the elements such as hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, magnesium, silicon, phosphorus, potassium, calcium secondly.The organic composition of straw is take Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose as main, and massfraction is 50%.These biomass materials, under anoxia condition, heat, make it to occur the energy conversion process of complicated thermal chemical reaction, this process nature is the atom of the elements such as the carbon, hydrogen, oxygen in the plant biomass, under reaction conditions according to the one-tenth key principle of chemical bond, become the molecule of the inflammable gass such as carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen, the most of energy in the plant biomass is just transferred in these gases like this.
Existing technology generally adopts the mode of stove internal combustion to produce combustion gas, and the processing method gasification efficiency is low, and the objectionable constituent in the gasification can not transform fully, easily produces the objectionable impuritiess such as a large amount of tar, dioxin, causes the pollution of environment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of transformation efficiency high, do not produce the objectionable impuritiess such as tar, dioxin, the device of high temperature, anoxic, biomass-making synthetic gas.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the device of biomass-making synthetic gas comprises roasting kiln, pyrolyzer, furnace wall at least a portion of roasting kiln is located in the pyrolyzer or roasting kiln and the shared a part of furnace wall of pyrolyzer, roasting kiln, pyrolyzer are relatively independent, described gas line, combustion-supporting airduct, portfire all access in the roasting kiln, pyrolyzer is provided with opening for feed and is located at airtight gate, the effuser at described opening for feed place, and effuser one termination enters in the pyrolyzer.
All right, biomass-making synthetic gas device also comprises the getter device, and the getter device comprises water cooler, gas collection cabinet, water cooler, the series connection of gas collection cabinet; Effuser the other end access water cooler, described pyrolyzer is connected by effuser with water cooler.
All right, biomass-making synthetic gas device also comprises waste-heat recoverer, and waste-heat recoverer comprises the waste heat recovery chamber, and is connected to induced draft fan on the described waste heat recovery chamber, air blower, and the waste heat recovery chamber is communicated with roasting kiln.
All right, pyrolyzer bottom be provided with the last person expect to export, and the described last person expect the switch that the exit is provided with.
All right, be provided with gas filter between the water cooler in the getter device, the gas collection cabinet.
All right, combustion-supporting airduct passes and accesses in the roasting kiln from the waste heat recovery chamber of waste-heat recoverer.
All right, be provided with successively under meter, depressimeter, gas analyzer, suction fan between gas filter and the gas collection cabinet.
Further, roasting kiln is arranged in the pyrolyzer.
Further, roasting kiln is left or furnace wall, right two limit joins with a pyrolyzer furnace wall respectively and share a part of furnace wall.
Utilize the method for the device gas processed of biomass-making synthetic gas:
The first step: inject combustion gases and pass through ignition device in roasting kiln by gas line, vent-pipe, the roasting kiln heat is transmitted in the pyrolyzer and the heating pyrolyze stove by furnace wall of combustion furnace, makes the interior temperature of stove reach 900-1200 ℃;
Second step: add biomass material to pyrolyzer by opening for feed, and airtight gate, make pyrolyzer be the environment of relative closure, its interior oxygen of sealing is limited in the pyrolyzer, pyrolysis occurs in biomass material under high temperature, anoxic condition, produce the synthetic gas such as a large amount of carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen;
The 3rd step: collect the synthetic gas such as the carbon monoxide that produces in the pyrolyzer, methane, hydrogen by effuser.
The invention has the advantages that: furnace wall at least a portion of roasting kiln is located in the pyrolyzer or roasting kiln and the shared a part of furnace wall of pyrolyzer, roasting kiln, pyrolyzer is relatively independent, pyrolyzer is provided with opening for feed, and be located at the airtight gate at described opening for feed place, roasting kiln passes into burning gas by gas line, pass into air by combustion-supporting airduct, by the burning gas in the portfire ignition combustion stove, the interior temperature of roasting kiln stretches into the pyrolyzer internal portion by furnace wall of combustion furnace or with the pyrolyzer common sparing heat is transduceed in the pyrolyzer, make the interior temperature of pyrolyzer rise to 900-1200 ℃, biomass material is closed airtight gate by opening for feed input pyrolyzer makes pyrolyzer relatively airtight, a large amount of carbon monoxide that contain of pyrolytic reaction generation occur under the environment of biomass material anoxybiotic in the cracking shove charge, methane, the synthetic gas such as hydrogen, can not produce the objectionable impuritiess such as tar dioxin because of anoxybiotic and high temperature in this process, synthetic gas is discharged pyrolyzer by effuser; The synthetic gas of discharging by effuser enters the synthetic gas that the gas collection cabinet is convenient to collect cleaning through the water cooler cooling of getter device, or synthetic gas enters the gas collection cabinet through gas filter, under meter, depressimeter, gas analyzer, suction fan after by water cooler again, be convenient to calculate the synthetic gas that enters the gas collection cabinet flow, understand suction fan working efficiency, analyze the composition that enters gas collection cabinet synthetic gas; Waste-heat recoverer comprises the waste heat recovery chamber, and be connected to induced draft fan on the described waste heat recovery chamber, air blower, the waste heat recovery chamber is communicated with roasting kiln, flue gas in the roasting kiln is under the effect of induced draft fan on the waste heat recovery chamber of waste-heat recoverer, the freezing air of sending into fan in the combustion-supporting airduct carries out after the heat exchange emptying, and the air after the preheating enters roasting kiln, improves combustion conditions; Roasting kiln is arranged in the pyrolyzer, roasting kiln is higher to heat transfer efficiency in the pyrolyzer by its furnace wall, furnace wall, two limits joins with a pyrolyzer furnace wall respectively and shared a part of furnace wall about furnace wall of combustion furnace, a roasting kiln can be given two pyrolyzer heat supplies simultaneously, and the efficient of producing synthetic gas is higher.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples invention is described further.
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the invention schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is another embodiment of the present invention figure.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the device of biomass-making synthetic gas comprises roasting kiln 1, pyrolyzer 2, getter device 3, waste-heat recoverer 20, roasting kiln 1 is arranged in the pyrolyzer 2, roasting kiln 1, pyrolyzer 2 are relatively independent, gas line 4, combustion-supporting airduct 5, portfire 6 all access in the roasting kiln 1, pyrolyzer 2 is provided with opening for feed 7 and is located at the airtight gate 8 at opening for feed 7 places, effuser 9, pyrolyzer 2 bottoms be provided with the last person expect to export 13, and the last person expect to export the switch 14 that 13 places are provided with, effuser 9 one terminations enter in the pyrolyzer 2; Getter device 3 comprises water cooler 10, gas collection cabinet 11, water cooler 10,11 series connection of gas collection cabinet; Effuser 9 the other ends access water cooler 10, pyrolyzer 2 is connected by effuser 9 with water cooler 10, be provided with gas filter 15 between water cooler 10 in the getter device 3, the gas collection cabinet 11, be provided with successively under meter 16, depressimeter 17, gas analyzer 18, suction fan 19 between gas filter 15 and the gas collection cabinet 11; Waste-heat recoverer 10 comprises waste heat recovery chamber 20, and is connected to induced draft fan 12 on the described waste heat recovery chamber 20, air blower 22; Waste heat recovery chamber 21 is communicated with roasting kiln 1, and vent-pipe 5 passes and accesses in the roasting kiln 1 from the waste heat recovery chamber 21 of waste-heat recoverer 20.
As shown in Figure 2, the device of biomass synthesis gas comprises roasting kiln 1, pyrolyzer 2, getter device 3, waste-heat recoverer 20, roasting kiln 1 left side or right furnace wall, two limits and pyrolyzer 2 furnace walls join and shared a part of furnace wall, roasting kiln 1, pyrolyzer 2 is relatively independent, gas line 4, combustion-supporting airduct 5, portfire 6 all accesses in the roasting kiln 1, pyrolyzer 2 is provided with opening for feed 7, and be located at the airtight gate 8 at opening for feed 7 places, effuser 9, pyrolyzer 2 bottoms are provided with the last person and expect to export 13, reach the last person and expect to export the switch 14 that 13 places are provided with, effuser 9 one terminations enter in the pyrolyzer 2; Getter device 3 comprises water cooler 10, gas collection cabinet 11, water cooler 10,11 series connection of gas collection cabinet; Effuser 9 the other ends access water cooler 10, pyrolyzer 2 is connected by effuser 9 with water cooler 10, be provided with gas filter 15 between water cooler 10 in the getter device 3, the gas collection cabinet 11, be provided with successively under meter 16, depressimeter 17, gas analyzer 18, suction fan 19 between gas filter 15 and the gas collection cabinet 11; Waste-heat recoverer 20 comprises waste heat recovery chamber 21, and is connected to induced draft fan 12 on the described waste heat recovery chamber 21, air blower 22; Waste heat recovery chamber 21 is communicated with roasting kiln 1, the hot-blast outlet of the waste heat recovery chamber 21 that combustion-supporting airduct 5 is waste-heat recoverers 20.
Principle of work: combustion gas, air enter in the roasting kiln 1 by gas line 4, combustion-supporting airduct 5, then use the combustion gas in the portfire 6 ignition combustion stoves 1, temperature in the pyrolyzer 2 is heated to the 900-1200 degree, high-temperature flue gas in the roasting kiln 1 enters the waste heat recovery chamber 21 of waste-heat recoverer 20 in the effect of induced draft fan 12, carry out after the heat exchange emptying with the air of combustion-supporting airduct 5.Control temperature in the pyrolyzer 2 by the gas flow in regulating gas pipe 4, the combustion-supporting airduct 5.Open airtight gate 8, the opening for feed 7 of biomass material by pyrolyzer 2 dropped into pyrolyzer 2 and close airtight gate 8, the furnace wall that roasting kiln 1 shares by the furnace wall or with pyrolyzer 2 temperature conduction in the pyrolyzer 2, biomass material is at high temperature, pyrolytic reaction occurs under the condition of anoxybiotic, produce a large amount of carbon monoxide, methane, the synthetic gas such as hydrogen, and under the suction function of the suction fan 19 of getter device 3, synthetic gas is by effuser 9, water cooler 10, gas filter 15, under meter 16, depressimeter 17, gas analyzer 18, suction fan 19 enters gas collection cabinet 11; Tailings after the biomass material pyrolytic reaction expects to export 13 discharges by the last person of pyrolyzer 2 bottoms.
Claims (10)
1. the device of a biomass-making synthetic gas, it is characterized in that: the device of described biomass-making synthetic gas comprises roasting kiln (1), pyrolyzer (2), furnace wall at least a portion of described roasting kiln (1) is located in the pyrolyzer (2) or roasting kiln (1) shares a part of furnace wall with pyrolyzer (2), described roasting kiln (1), pyrolyzer (2) is relatively independent, described gas line (4), combustion-supporting airduct (5), portfire (6) all accesses in the roasting kiln (1), described pyrolyzer (2) is provided with opening for feed (7), and be located at the airtight gate (8) that described opening for feed (7) is located, effuser (9), described effuser (9) one terminations enter in the pyrolyzer (2).
2. the device of a kind of biomass-making synthetic gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described biomass-making device of air also comprises getter device (3), described getter device (3) comprises water cooler (10), gas collection cabinet (11), described water cooler (10), gas collection cabinet (11) series connection; Described effuser (9) the other end access water cooler (10), described pyrolyzer (2) is connected by effuser (9) with water cooler (10).
3. the device of a kind of biomass-making synthetic gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described biomass-making device of air also comprises waste-heat recoverer (20), described waste-heat recoverer (20) comprises waste heat recovery chamber (21), and is connected to the upper induced draft fan (12) in described waste heat recovery chamber (21), air blower (22); Described waste heat recovery chamber (21) is communicated with roasting kiln (1).
4. the device of a kind of biomass-making synthetic gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with the last person bottom the described pyrolyzer (2) and expect outlet (13), reach the switch (14) that the described last person expects that outlet (13) is located to be provided with.
5. the device of a kind of biomass-making synthetic gas according to claim 2 is characterized in that: be provided with gas filter (15) between the water cooler (10) in the described getter device (3), the gas collection cabinet (11).
6. the device of a kind of biomass-making synthetic gas according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described combustion-supporting airduct (4) passes and accesses in the roasting kiln (1) from the waste heat recovery chamber (21) of waste-heat recoverer (10).
7. the device of a kind of biomass-making synthetic gas according to claim 5 is characterized in that: be provided with successively under meter (16), depressimeter (17), gas analyzer (18), suction fan (19) between described gas filter (15) and the gas collection cabinet (11).
8. according to claim 1 the device of one of 7 described a kind of biomass-making synthetic gas, it is characterized in that: described roasting kiln (1) is arranged in the pyrolyzer (2).
9. according to claim 1 the device of one of 7 described a kind of biomass-making synthetic gas, it is characterized in that: described roasting kiln (1) is left or furnace wall, right two limit joins with a pyrolyzer (2) furnace wall respectively and share a part of furnace wall.
10. the method for the device preparing synthetic gas of a kind of biomass-making synthetic gas according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the first step: inject combustion gases and pass through portfire (6) igniting in roasting kiln (1) by gas line (4), combustion-supporting airduct (5), roasting kiln (1) heat is transmitted in the pyrolyzer (2) and heating pyrolyze stove (2) by roasting kiln (1) furnace wall, makes the interior temperature of stove reach 900-1200 ℃;
Second step: add biomass material to pyrolyzer (2) by opening for feed (7), and close airtight gate (8), make pyrolyzer (2) be the environment of relative closure, pyrolyzer (2) sealing, relative anoxybiotic in it, pyrolysis occurs in biomass material under high temperature, anoxic condition, produce the synthetic gas such as a large amount of carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen;
The 3rd step: collect the synthetic gas such as the interior carbon monoxide that produces of pyrolyzer (2), methane, hydrogen by effuser (9).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012103433458A CN102899059A (en) | 2012-09-17 | 2012-09-17 | Apparatus and method for manufacturing synthetic gas by using biomass |
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| CN2012103433458A CN102899059A (en) | 2012-09-17 | 2012-09-17 | Apparatus and method for manufacturing synthetic gas by using biomass |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101198418A (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2008-06-11 | 西安大略大学 | Apparatus and process for the pyrolysis of agricultural biomass |
| CN102492432A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-06-13 | 新疆美特镁业有限公司 | Pulverized coal coking equipment and method |
| CN102517065A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-06-27 | 北京林业大学 | Self-heating type biomass fast pyrolysis liquefying device |
| CN202849330U (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-04-03 | 湖北骏杰科技有限公司 | Device for preparing synthesis gas from biomass |
-
2012
- 2012-09-17 CN CN2012103433458A patent/CN102899059A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101198418A (en) * | 2005-06-08 | 2008-06-11 | 西安大略大学 | Apparatus and process for the pyrolysis of agricultural biomass |
| CN102492432A (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2012-06-13 | 新疆美特镁业有限公司 | Pulverized coal coking equipment and method |
| CN102517065A (en) * | 2012-01-09 | 2012-06-27 | 北京林业大学 | Self-heating type biomass fast pyrolysis liquefying device |
| CN202849330U (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2013-04-03 | 湖北骏杰科技有限公司 | Device for preparing synthesis gas from biomass |
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Application publication date: 20130130 |