WO2015045094A1 - 有機性排水の生物処理方法 - Google Patents
有機性排水の生物処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015045094A1 WO2015045094A1 PCT/JP2013/076259 JP2013076259W WO2015045094A1 WO 2015045094 A1 WO2015045094 A1 WO 2015045094A1 JP 2013076259 W JP2013076259 W JP 2013076259W WO 2015045094 A1 WO2015045094 A1 WO 2015045094A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/02—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/006—Regulation methods for biological treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/08—Aerobic processes using moving contact bodies
- C02F3/085—Fluidized beds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/26—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/32—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the food or foodstuff industry, e.g. brewery waste waters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/001—Upstream control, i.e. monitoring for predictive control
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/10—Solids, e.g. total solids [TS], total suspended solids [TSS] or volatile solids [VS]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for biological treatment of organic wastewater from domestic wastewater, sewage, food factories, pulp mills, etc., and in particular, the organic wastewater is passed through an aerobic first biological treatment tank and dispersed by bacteria. Of organic wastewater that is introduced into the aerobic second biological treatment tank to which the fluidized bed carrier is added and that feeds the microanimals.
- the present invention relates to a biological treatment method.
- the activated sludge method used when biologically treating organic wastewater is widely used for sewage treatment, industrial wastewater treatment, and the like because of its advantages such as good treated water quality and easy maintenance.
- the BOD volumetric load used for operation is about 0.5-0.8 kg / m 3 / d, a large site area is required.
- 20% of the decomposed BOD is converted into bacterial cells, that is, sludge, a large amount of excess sludge treatment is also a problem.
- a fluidized bed method with a carrier added For high load treatment of organic waste water, a fluidized bed method with a carrier added is known. When this method is used, it is possible to operate with a BOD volume load of 3 kg / m 3 / d or more. However, the amount of generated sludge is about 30% of the decomposed BOD, which is higher than the normal activated sludge method.
- organic wastewater is first treated with bacteria in the first treatment tank, the organic matter contained in the wastewater is oxidatively decomposed and converted into non-aggregating bacterial cells, and then in the second treatment tank. It is said that the amount of excess sludge can be reduced by removing the preservatives from the sticking protozoa. Furthermore, the above method enables high-load operation and improves the treatment efficiency of the activated sludge method. As described above, many wastewater treatment methods using protozoa and metazoan supplements located at a high level of bacteria have been devised.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-210692 proposes a countermeasure for deterioration in processing performance due to fluctuations in the quality of raw water, which is a problem in the processing method of Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-20649.
- the method includes “adding a microbial preparation or seed sludge to the first treatment tank when the quality of the first treated water deteriorates”.
- Japanese Patent No. 3410699 As a biological treatment method of organic wastewater by multi-stage treatment of fluidized bed and activated sludge method, Japanese Patent No. 3410699, the latter activated sludge method is operated at low load of BOD sludge load 0.1kg-BOD / kg-MLSS / d or less Thus, a method is described in which the sludge is self-oxidized and the amount of sludge extraction can be greatly reduced.
- the multi-stage activated sludge method using the above-mentioned micro-animal supplementary action is actually used for organic wastewater treatment.
- the treatment efficiency can be improved and the amount of sludge generated can be reduced by about 50%. Is possible.
- the sludge reduction effect is not stable at present. This is because the stable maintenance method of a micro animal has not been established, and the ratio of bacteria and micro animals to be fed has not been specified.
- WO 2007/088860 describes that the amount of micro-organisms in the micro-organism holding tank contributing to sludge reduction is stabilized by lowering the soluble BOD sludge load on the second biological treatment tank holding micro-animals. Yes.
- the micro-animals in the second treatment tank cannot be completely consumed, which does not lead to a reduction in the amount of generated sludge.
- dispersible bacteria are difficult to separate into solid and liquid, it is necessary to provide a margin for the solid-liquid separation condition when any kind of solid-liquid separation means is used.
- the dispersal bacteria in the first biological treated water are bacteria in the logarithmic growth phase, if they are self-digested without being preyed on by micro-animals, soluble organic components increase, making it difficult to reuse water (drainage recovery) .
- organic waste water is passed through an aerobic first biological treatment tank to produce dispersal bacteria by bacteria, and the first biological treated water containing the dispersal bacteria from the first biological treatment tank is fluidized bed.
- a biological treatment method for organic wastewater that is introduced into an aerobic second biological treatment tank to which a carrier has been added and is preyed on by a micro animal, wherein the dispersal bacteria are properly preyed in the second biological treatment tank and stable biological treatment It aims at providing the biological treatment method of the organic waste water which can perform.
- the organic wastewater biological treatment method of the present invention is a method of producing a dispersal bacterium with bacteria by passing an organic wastewater through an aerobic first biological treatment tank, and containing the dispersal bacteria from the first biological treatment tank.
- a biological treatment method for organic wastewater in which one biologically treated water is introduced into an aerobic second biological treatment tank to which a fluidized bed carrier is added and is fed by a micro animal, the total BOD volumetric load is 5 kg / m 3 / d.
- the load of SS from the dispersal bacteria in the first biological treatment water to the carrier in the second biological treatment tank (hereinafter referred to as the dispersal bacteria carrier load) should be 8 kg-SS / m 3 -carrier / d or less. It is a feature.
- the balance between the dispersal bacteria produced in the first biological treatment tank and the predation of the dispersal bacteria by the micro-animals in the second biological treatment tank can be balanced. ) Can be prevented.
- FIG. 1 shows a biological treatment method for organic wastewater according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Organic wastewater is treated by a first biological treatment tank 1 and a second biological treatment tank 2.
- aeration means 1b is provided at the bottom of the first biological treatment tank 1
- the first biological treatment tank 1 is an aeration tank to which no carrier is added.
- the second biological treatment tank 2 is provided with an aeration means 2b at the bottom and is an aeration tank having a carrier 2a.
- the organic waste water is introduced into the first biological treatment tank 1, and 70% or more, desirably 80% or more, more desirably 85 to 90% of the organic component (soluble BOD) is oxidatively decomposed by bacteria.
- the pH of the first biological treatment tank 1 is 6 or more, preferably 8 or less. However, when the raw water contains a large amount of oil, organic solvent, and surfactant, the pH may be 8.0 or more.
- the BOD volume load on the first biological treatment tank 1 is 1 kg / m 3 / d or more, HRT 24 h or less, DO is 1 mg / L or less, preferably 0.05 to 0.5 mg / L, so that the dispersal bacteria are excellent. Occupied treated water can be obtained. Further, by shortening the HRT, wastewater with a low BOD concentration can be treated with a high load.
- the treated water containing sludge from the subsequent biological treatment tank may be returned to the first biological treatment tank 1 or the first biological treatment tank 1 may be multi-staged.
- the residence time (HRT) is longer than the optimum value, it will lead to the predominance of filamentous bacteria and the formation of flocs, and bacteria that are difficult to prey in the second biological treatment tank 2 will be generated. Therefore, it is preferable to control the HRT of the first biological treatment tank 1 to be constant. Since the optimum HRT varies depending on the drainage, it is necessary to obtain an HRT capable of removing 70 to 90% of organic components from preliminary tests and simulations.
- the HRT of the first biological treatment tank 1 is stabilized.
- the treated water of the first biological treatment tank 1 is introduced into a second biological treatment tank 2 having an aeration means 2b at the bottom, where oxidative decomposition of remaining organic components, self-decomposition of dispersal bacteria, and minute animals Reduce excess sludge by predation.
- a second biological treatment tank 2 in order to make use of the action of the micro-animal whose growth rate is slower than that of the bacterium and the self-degradation of the bacterium, it is necessary to adopt an operation condition and a treatment device that allow the micro-animal and the bacterium to remain in the system. preferable.
- a carrier separation screen 2c is provided in the drainage part of the second biological treatment tank 2, and the fluidized bed carrier 2a is added to form a fluidized bed, thereby increasing the amount of micro-animal retained in the tank.
- the fluidized bed carrier 2a to be added those having various shapes such as a spherical shape, a pellet shape, a hollow cylindrical shape, and a thread shape can be used.
- the diameter of the carrier 2a is preferably about 0.1 to 10 mm.
- the material of the carrier 2a is arbitrary such as a natural material, an inorganic material, or a polymer material, and a gel material may be used.
- the carrier 2a is preferably a square carrier made of foamed plastic.
- a thread-like carrier or a sheet-like carrier may be added and partially fixed in the tank to form a rocking bed. In this way, the filling rate of the carrier is lowered overall. be able to.
- the total BOD volumetric load is 5 kg / m 3 / d or less (the load is not more than a predetermined value even when the raw water fluctuates), and the dispersal bacteria carrier load is 8 kg-SS / m 3 -carrier / d or less.
- the dispersal bacteria carrier load is 8 kg-SS / m 3 -carrier / d or less.
- the SS derived from this dispersal bacteria is preferably a fine SS that passes through an 8 ⁇ m polycarbonate filter in the first biologically treated water SS.
- the first biologically treated water SS is composed of the dispersed bacteria-derived SS contained in the raw water, the SS other than the bacterial cells, and the SS derived from the dispersed bacteria generated in the first biological treatment tank 1.
- Dispersed microbe-derived SS has a cell size of less than 8 ⁇ m, for example, about 1 to 5 ⁇ m, and the main SS that is difficult to prey for filtration-predatory micro-animals other than cells has a particle size of over 8 ⁇ m, for example, about 10 to 50 ⁇ m. is there. Therefore, it is preferable that the filter-passing SS having an opening of 8 ⁇ m is the SS derived from dispersal bacteria.
- the operating conditions such as the amount of carrier added to the second biological treatment tank 2 are adjusted so that the load of the dispersed bacteria in the second biological treatment tank 2 does not exceed the limit.
- the first biological treatment tank 1 it is preferable to decompose most of the organic matter, that is, 70% or more of the wastewater BOD, desirably 80% or more, and stably convert it into cells. Therefore, also in the 1st biological treatment tank 1, as shown in FIG. 2, it is desirable to provide the support
- the filling rate of the carrier in the first biological treatment tank 1 is excessively high, disperse bacteria are not generated, and the bacteria adhere to the carrier or filamentous bacteria grow.
- the filling rate of the carrier added to the first biological treatment tank 1 is 20% or less, particularly 10% or less, so that it is possible to generate dispersed bacteria that are not affected by the concentration fluctuation and are easy to eat.
- the carrier 1a of the first biological treatment tank 1 the same carrier as the carrier 2a of the second biological treatment tank 2 can be used.
- the filling rate of the carrier to be added is 10% or more, particularly 20% or more, for example, 20 to 40% in the case of a fluidized bed. Is desirable.
- the pH of the second biological treatment tank is preferably 7.0 or less, for example 6.0 to 7.0.
- the second biological treatment tank When dissolved organic matter is almost completely decomposed in the first biological treatment tank 1, such as when the load is low due to fluctuations in the initial stage of operation or raw water, it is difficult for the second biological treatment tank to form a biofilm on the carrier, Nutrition for microanimal growth is also lacking. Therefore, in such a case, a part of the raw water is diverted and introduced into the second biological treatment tank 2, and the soluble BOD sludge load of the second biological treatment tank 2 is 0.001 kg-BOD / kg-MLSS / It is desirable to operate at d or more, preferably 0.025 to 0.1 kg-BOD / kg-MLSS / d.
- the treated water from the second biological treatment tank 2 may be subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain treated water with good water quality.
- the solid-liquid separation means any one or more of a sedimentation basin, coagulation sedimentation, coagulation pressure flotation, and membrane separation can be used.
- FIG. 3 shows an example thereof. After adding an inorganic flocculant in the reaction tank 3 to the treated water from the second biological treatment tank 2, and then adding a polymer flocculant in the flocculant tank 4, It settles and separates in the sedimentation tank 5 and separates into treated water and sedimented sludge.
- Example 1 According to the flow of FIG. 2, raw water (simulated wastewater from food factory wastewater) of BOD 800 mg / L and COD cr 1300 mg / L was treated.
- the capacity of the first biological treatment tank 1 is 2.5L
- the capacity of the second biological treatment tank 2 is 4.4L.
- the DO in the first biological treatment tank 1 was 0.5 mg / L
- the second biological treatment tank 2 was operated at DO 2 to 3 mg / L.
- the carrier was added to the first biological treatment tank 1 at a filling rate of 5%, and the carrier was added to the second biological treatment tank 2 at a filling rate of 40%.
- As the carrier a square sponge carrier made of polyurethane having a particle diameter of 3 mm was used.
- the BOD volumetric load for the first biological treatment tank 1 is 5.5 kg-BOD / m 3 / d, HRT 3.5 h, and the overall BOD volumetric load is 2.0 kg-BOD / m 3 / d, HRT 9.6 h. did.
- the SS concentration in the first biological treated water was 600 mg / L, and the carrier load of the dispersal bacteria was 5.9 kg-SS / m 3 -carrier / d.
- the SS concentration in the second biological treatment water was 250 mg / L, and the sludge conversion rate was 0.19 kg-SS / kg-COD cr .
- Example 2 In Example 1, raw water was treated under the same conditions except that a reaction tank 3, a coagulation tank 4 and a precipitation tank 5 were provided in the subsequent stage of the second biological treatment tank 2 and the flow shown in FIG.
- PAC300mg / L was added as an inorganic flocculant
- 1mg / L of Kurifokku PA331 manufactured by Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd. was added as an anionic polymer flocculant.
- the sludge conversion rate was 0.19 kg-SS / kg-COD cr (excluding PAC sludge)
- the treated water COD cr and SS concentration was 20 mg / L or less, maintaining good treated water quality.
- Example 1 the carrier filling rate of the second biological treatment tank 2 is 25%, and the carrier load of the dispersal bacteria on the carrier 2a of the second biological treatment tank 2 is 9.4 kg-SS / m 3 -carrier / d.
- the operation was carried out under the same conditions except that.
- the sludge conversion rate was 0.29 kg-SS / kg-COD cr due to the outflow of dispersible bacteria that could not be predated.
- Example 2 the carrier filling rate of the second biological treatment tank 2 was 25%, and the dispersal bacteria carrier load on the carrier 2a of the second biological treatment tank 2 was 9 kg-SS / m 3 -carrier / d.
- the operation was performed under the same conditions except for the above.
- the sludge conversion rate was 0.29 kg-SS / kg-COD cr (excluding PAC sludge) due to the outflow of dispersal bacteria that could not be predated.
- the aggregation conditions necessary to reduce the treated water SS to 20 mg / L or less were increased to PAC 800 mg / L and anionic polymer to 2 mg / L. Even under these conditions, the treated water COD cr 30 mg / L and the treated water quality deteriorated compared to Example 2.
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Abstract
Description
図2のフローに従って、BOD800mg/L、CODcr1300mg/Lの原水(食品工場排水の模擬排水)を処理した。第一生物処理槽1の容量は2.5L、第二生物処理槽2の容量は4.4Lである。第一生物処理槽1のDOを0.5mg/Lとし、第二生物処理槽2はDO2~3mg/Lで運転した。第一生物処理槽1には担体を充填率5%で添加し、第二生物処理槽2には担体を充填率40%で添加した。担体としては共に粒径3mmのポリウレタン製の角型スポンジ担体を用いた。
実施例1において、第二生物処理槽2の後段に反応槽3、凝集槽4及び沈殿槽5を設けて図3のフローとしたこと以外は同じ条件で原水を処理した。なお、無機凝集剤としてPAC300mg/L、アニオン系高分子凝集剤として栗田工業社製クリフロックPA331を1mg/L添加した。その結果、汚泥転換率は0.19kg-SS/kg-CODcr(PAC汚泥は除く)で、処理水CODcr、SS濃度は20mg/L以下と良好な処理水質を維持した。
実施例1において、第二生物処理槽2の担体充填率を25%とし、第二生物処理槽2の担体2aへの分散菌担体負荷が9.4kg-SS/m3-担体/dとなったこと以外は同じ条件で運転を実施した。その結果、捕食しきれない分散菌の流出により、汚泥転換率は0.29kg-SS/kg-CODcrとなった。
実施例2において、第二生物処理槽2の担体充填率を25%とし、第二生物処理槽2の担体2aへの分散菌担体負荷が9kg-SS/m3-担体/dとなったこと以外は同じ条件で運転を実施した。その結果、捕食しきれない分散菌の流出により、汚泥転換率は0.29kg-SS/kg-CODcr(PAC汚泥は除く)となった。また、処理水SSを20mg/L以下にするのに必要な凝集条件はPAC800mg/L、アニオンポリマーを2mg/Lまで増加した。また、この条件でも処理水CODcr30mg/Lと実施例2に比べ処理水質は悪化した。
なお、本出願は、2012年3月30日付で出願された日本特許出願(特願2012-080521)に基づいており、その全体が引用により援用される。
Claims (6)
- 好気性の第一生物処理槽に有機性排水を通水して細菌により分散菌を生成し、該第一生物処理槽からの分散菌を含む第一生物処理水を、流動床担体を添加した好気性の第二生物処理槽に導入して微小動物に捕食させる有機性排水の生物処理方法において、
全体のBOD容積負荷を5kg/m3/d以下とし、
第一生物処理水中の分散菌由来SSの、第二生物処理槽内の担体に対する負荷(以下、分散菌担体負荷という)を8kg-SS/m3-担体/d以下とすることを特徴とする有機性排水の生物処理方法。 - 請求項1において、第一生物処理槽を担体充填率20%以下の流動床とし、第二生物処理槽を担体充填率10%以上の流動床とすることを特徴とする有機性排水の生物処理方法。
- 請求項1又は2において、第二生物処理槽処理水を凝集沈殿、凝集加圧浮上分離、及び膜分離の少なくとも1種よりなる固液分離手段により汚泥と処理水とに固液分離することを特徴とする有機性排水の生物処理方法。
- 請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項において、第二生物処理槽のpHを6~7とすることを特徴とする有機性排水の生物処理方法。
- 請求項1ないし4のいずれか1項において、第二生物処理槽に原水の一部を添加することを特徴とする有機性排水の生物処理方法。
- 請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項において、第一生物処理水のSSの内、分散菌由来のSSは、8μmポリカーボネートフィルターを通過する微細SSであることを特徴とする有機性排水の生物処理方法。
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